{"pageNumber":"274","pageRowStart":"6825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11359,"records":[{"id":70189291,"text":"70189291 - 1989 - Performance and utility of satellite telemetry during field studies of free-ranging polar bears in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T11:03:20","indexId":"70189291","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"chapter":"7","title":"Performance and utility of satellite telemetry during field studies of free-ranging polar bears in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Satellite telemetry technology has been used during field studies of polar bears in Alaska since 1985. A total of 109 Platform Transmitter Terminals (PTT) have been deployed on free-ranging female polar bears that seasonally inhabit waters adjacent to the Alaskan coast. The PTTs transmitted locational and sensor data to TIROS-N polar-orbiting satellites during a duty cycle of 12 hours on/60 hours off in 1985, 1986, and 1987. Expected battery life was 13.8 months, and collars were normally removed and replaced with new or refurbished PTTs at 11-13 month intervals. Duty cycles were altered to 7-8 hours on/64-65 hours off in 1988 to prolong expected battery life to 19-21 months. Sensor data transmitted included PTT internal temperature, short term activity counts recorded at 60 second intervals, and long term activity counts for the preceding 24 or 72-hour period. Early failures of PTTs to fix location (less than 75% of expected battery life) were as high as 53% during 198501986. Subsequent improvements in battery design, including better shock insulation, improved electronic, and an improved battery system have reduced early failures to 27% in 1987-1988. The harsh environment and the degree of abuse observed in recovered collars indicate that an unavoidable failure rate of 8-10% is inherent within 60 days after deployment on polar bears. A total of 18,000 locations and 201,000 sensor messages were received from female polar bears between May 1985 and June 1988. Polar bears that were marked in Alaskan waters have been located as far south as 60°N 168°W, and as far east as 70°N 127°W in the Beaufort Sea. Polar bears in the Beaufort Sea are shared with Canada, while polar bears in the Chukchi and Bering seas are shared with the Soviet Union. The international ranges of the two hypothesized populations have been documented. Satellite telemetry has detailed the large movement patterns of polar bear over these vast areas that were previously not available using other techniques.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biotelemetry X: Proceedings of the 10th international symposium on biotelemetry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"10th International Symposium on Biotelemetry","conferenceDate":"July 31 - August 6, 1988","conferenceLocation":"Fayetteville, AR","language":"English","publisher":"University of Arkansas Press","publisherLocation":"Fayetteville, AK","isbn":"1-55728-082-7","usgsCitation":"Garner, G.W., Amstrup, S.C., Douglas, D., and Gardner, C.L., 1989, Performance and utility of satellite telemetry during field studies of free-ranging polar bears in Alaska, <i>in</i> Biotelemetry X: Proceedings of the 10th international symposium on biotelemetry, Fayetteville, AR, July 31 - August 6, 1988, p. 66-76.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"76","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Soviet Union, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea, Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59634098e4b0d1f9f059d812","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Amlaner, Charles J. Jr.","contributorId":111465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amlaner","given":"Charles","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703973,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardner, Craig L.","contributorId":65259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70181221,"text":"70181221 - 1989 - Baleen whales and their prey in a coastal environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T13:30:05","indexId":"70181221","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Baleen whales and their prey in a coastal environment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Patterns of abundance of humpback (</span><i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i><span>), fin (</span><i>Balaenoptera physalus</i><span>), and minke (</span><i>Balaenoptera acutorostrata</i><span>) whales are described in relation to the abundance of their primary prey, capelin (</span><i>Mallotus villosus</i><span>), during 1982–1985 at Witless Bay, Newfoundland. The abundance ratio of the three whale species was 10:1:3.5, respectively. Abundance of all whale species was strongly correlated with abundance of capelin through each season and between years. Capelin abundance accounted for 63% of the variation in whale numbers in 1983 and 1984, while environmental parameters (e.g., water temperatures) accounted for little variance. The amount of capelin consumed by whales was small (&lt; 2%) compared with the amount available. All three species overlapped temporally at Witless Bay, but spatial overlap was reduced as fins occurred primarily offshore, minkes primarily inshore, and humpbacks in bay habitats of intermediate depth.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z89-217","usgsCitation":"Piatt, J.F., Methven, D.A., Burger, A.E., McLagan, R.L., Mercer, V., and Creelman, E., 1989, Baleen whales and their prey in a coastal environment: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 67, no. 6, p. 1523-30, https://doi.org/10.1139/z89-217.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1523","endPage":"30","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335206,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Newfoundland","otherGeospatial":"Witless Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -52.93006896972656,\n              47.1248118482342\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.667083740234375,\n              47.1248118482342\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.667083740234375,\n              47.36580396648149\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.93006896972656,\n              47.36580396648149\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.93006896972656,\n              47.1248118482342\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a18226e4b0c825128564b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":664672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Methven, David A.","contributorId":179915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Methven","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burger, Alan E.","contributorId":179916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burger","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLagan, Ruth L.","contributorId":179914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLagan","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mercer, Vicki","contributorId":179917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mercer","given":"Vicki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Creelman, Elizabeth","contributorId":179918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Creelman","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70015391,"text":"70015391 - 1989 - Subsurface temperatures and geothermal gradients on the North Slope, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:55","indexId":"70015391","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3412,"text":"Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface temperatures and geothermal gradients on the North Slope, Alaska","docAbstract":"Geothermal gradients as interpreted from a series of high-resolution stabilized well-bore-temperature surveys from 46 North Slope, Alaska, wells vary laterally and vertically throughout the near-surface sediment (0-2,000 m). The data from these surveys have been used in conjunction with depths of ice-bearing permafrost, as interpreted from 102 well logs, to project geothermal gradients within and below the ice-bearing permafrost sequence. The geothermal gradients calculated from the projected temperature profiles are similar to the geothermal gradients measured in the temperature surveys. Measured and projected geothermal gradients in the ice-bearing permafrost sequence range from 1.5??C/100m in the Prudhoe Bay area to 5.1??C/100m in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., Bird, K.J., and Magoon, L.B., 1989, Subsurface temperatures and geothermal gradients on the North Slope, Alaska: Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d90e4b08c986b31d903","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magoon, Leslie B. lmagoon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Leslie","email":"lmagoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":370833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015339,"text":"70015339 - 1989 - Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T23:46:27.46273","indexId":"70015339","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district of the Brooks Range mineral belt in north-central Alaska contains numerous placer gold deposits but few known lode gold sources. Gold grains, collected from 46 placer localities and 6 lode gold sites in the district, were analyzed for Ag and 37 trace elements utilizing direct current-arc optical emission spectroscopy. When possible, several measurements were made on each sample and averaged. Gold content was calculated by the summation of the 38 elements determined and subtracting from 100. The objectives of our study were to characterize the deposits by defining the type and number of distinct geochemical characteristics for the Au, to determine relationships of Au in placer deposits to possible lode sources (placer and lode), to identify possible primary sources of placer gold, and to study processes of placer formation. Interpretation of results emphasize that the Au grains are almost invariably ternary (Au-Ag-Cu) alloys. The average Cu content is 0.040% and the average Ag content and fineness [(Au/Au+Ag)×1,000] are 10.5% and 893 parts per thousand, respectively, for the 46 placer localities.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(89)90001-0","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Mosier, E.L., Cathrall, J.B., Antweiler, J., and Tripp, R.B., 1989, Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 31, no. 2, p. 97-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(89)90001-0.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224032,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a170be4b0c8380cd5536c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosier, E. L.","contributorId":71537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cathrall, J. B.","contributorId":29400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathrall","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Antweiler, J.C.","contributorId":35722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tripp, R. B.","contributorId":88707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015709,"text":"70015709 - 1989 - Seismic reflection images of the crust of the northern part of the Chugach terrane, Alaska: Results of a survey for the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T21:38:45.709102","indexId":"70015709","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic reflection images of the crust of the northern part of the Chugach terrane, Alaska: Results of a survey for the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Deep crustal seismic reflection data show strong reflections from the middle and lower crust of the convergent continental margin near the eastern end of the Aleutian trench. These data were collected across the Border Ranges fault system, a major suture zone that separates the Peninsular and Chugach tectonostratigraphic terranes. The Chugach terrane consists of metamorphosed, strongly deformed flysch, subduction melange as well as blueschist- and greenschist-facies rocks. Even so, highly reflective rocks lie at great depth within or beneath this terrane. The shallow part of the seismic section (0–5 s) reveals only a few reflections, which undulate and interweave, indicating that some of them originate outside of the plane of the seismic section. Other undulating events could reveal early Cenozoic granitic plutons or antiformal stacks of rock imbricated along thrust faults. In contrast to this shallow reflection pattern, three reflection bands contain most of the events on the middle part of the seismic section (5–12 s or 12–34 km). We interpret divergent reflections within the uppermost band (5–5.5 s) as gently north dipping thrust faults, and subparallel reflections truncated at the boundaries of the upper and middle bands may image a metamorphic foliation or thrust faults. If the truncated reflections represent thrust faults, then the reflection geometry suggests that subparallel roof and floor thrust faults bound imbricated rocks, forming duplex structures. The upper and middle bands are separated by an area on the seismic section that reveals few reflections. This area correlates approximately in depth with a high velocity (7.5 km/s) layer evident in refraction models. The poorly reflective, high velocity unit might be volcanic rocks like those exposed in the structurally lowest part of the Chugach terrane. If so, then the bottom of the poorly reflective rocks indicates the base of the Chugach terrane. Rocks that cause the upper and middle reflection bands and the intervening, poorly reflective volcanic rocks may form a midcrustal shear zone that is about 10 km thick. The deepest band of subparallel reflections (30–35 km) correlates closely in depth with the top of the Wadati-Benioff zone associated with the underthrusting Pacific plate. The reflections probably stem from the decollement that separates lithospheric plates within the subduction zone. This reflection band increases abruptly in thickness, possibly indicating local underplating of subducted sediment. No events from the oceanic Moho have been recognized. Neither the Border Ranges fault system, the suture between the Chugach and Peninsular terranes, nor deep crustal layers of the Peninsular terrane are evident in these seismic reflection data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB04p04424","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Fisher, M.A., Brocher, T., Nokleberg, W., Plafker, G., and Smith, G., 1989, Seismic reflection images of the crust of the northern part of the Chugach terrane, Alaska: Results of a survey for the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT): Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B4, p. 4424-4440, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB04p04424.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"4424","endPage":"4440","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224385,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b42e4b08c986b3176e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nokleberg, W. J. 0000-0002-1574-8869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":68312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plafker, George 0000-0003-3972-0390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-0390","contributorId":36603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, G.L.","contributorId":25569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70184724,"text":"70184724 - 1989 - Impacts of petroleum development in the Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-10T16:57:39","indexId":"70184724","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of petroleum development in the Arctic","docAbstract":"<p>In their article “Cumulative impacts of oil fields on northern Alaskan landscapes.” D. A. Walter <i>et al</i>. <i>(1)</i> document some direct and indirect impacts of petroleum development in the Arctic on selected portions of the Prudhoe Bay Oil field. While most of the <i>kinds</i> of impacts they discuss are valid points to consider in designing an arctic oil field, the <i>magnitude</i> of what they describe is not representative of the Prudhoe Bay field, in general, or of newer oil fields, such as Kuparuk to the west of Prudhoe. It is even less applicable in areas of higher topographic relief, such as the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR).</p><p>Any development will cause an impact to the land. In the Arctic, as noted by Walker <i>et al.</i>, gravel roads and pads have been built that are thick enough to support facilities while the thermal integrity of the underlying permafrost is maintained. Decision-makers must evaluate whether or not the gains of development are worth the impacts incurred. Accurate assessment of both direct and indirect impacts is essential.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.245.4919.764","usgsCitation":"S.B., R., 1989, Impacts of petroleum development in the Arctic: Science, v. 245, no. 4919, p. 764-765, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.245.4919.764.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"764","endPage":"765","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337402,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70184739","text":"Walter et al. 1987 (<i>Cumulative impacts of oil fields on northern Alaskan landscapes</i>)"},{"id":337401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","volume":"245","issue":"4919","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c3c951e4b0f37a93ee9b8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"S.B., Robertson","contributorId":188411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"S.B.","given":"Robertson","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":42410,"text":"ofr8998 - 1989 - Seismicity of Alaska 1786-1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-02T18:43:18.34083","indexId":"ofr8998","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-98","title":"Seismicity of Alaska 1786-1987","docAbstract":"<p>This map displays selected epicenters for earthquakes that occurred between 1786 and 1987. Although accurate magnitude values have not been determined for many of the pre-instrumental earthquakes, it is believed that all of the earthquakes presented on this map have magnitudes of 5.0 or greater.</p><p>Symbols are plotted at epicentral locations, and symbol sizes are scaled into three magnitude categories. Within each category, duplicate epicenter locations have been eliminated. There are 2,351 separate epicenter locations, representing 2,480 earthquakes shown on this map.&nbsp;</p><p>Because of recent increases in the number of quality of seisomgraph networks, the accuracy of epicentral parameters of earthquakes occurring since the mid-1960s is greater than that of earlier earthquakes. Earthquakes occurring since 1965 are distinguished on this map from earlier events by the intensity of color of the epicentral symbol, as indicated below.&nbsp;</p><p>An extremely violent earthquake occurred north of Prince William Sound on Good Friday, March 27, 1964. This earthquake had a surface-wave magnitude of 8.4 and a moment magnitude of 9.2. The earthquake also generated a large sea wave (tsunami) which devastated many waterfront developments. The earthquake and its accompanying tsunami caused severe damage along Prince William Sound, Cook Inlet, and on the Kenai Peninsula.&nbsp;</p><p>On the map, the epicenter of the 1964 earthquake is labeled with the date.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8998","usgsCitation":"1989, Seismicity of Alaska 1786-1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-98, 1 Plate: 63.98 x 34.43 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8998.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 63.98 x 34.43 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":417702,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0098/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":416521,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16668.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":135330,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0098/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"2500000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146],[-141.064453125,69.80172356231073],[-141.767578125,69.96043926902489],[-142.734375,70.1478274118401],[-143.26171875,70.25945200030638],[-144.99755859375,70.1925497583889],[-146.14013671875,70.21487465331137],[-147.43652343749997,70.32613725493573],[-148.40332031249997,70.51024068514326],[-149.47998046875,70.63448406630856],[-149.85351562499997,70.63448406630856],[-150.64453125,70.59802116106809],[-151.611328125,70.61261423801925],[-151.8310546875,70.7724429742589],[-152.02880859375,70.90226826757711],[-152.666015625,71.0098110139634],[-153.52294921875,71.05979781529196],[-154.31396484375,70.95969716686398],[-154.70947265625,71.20191973293133],[-155.41259765625,71.3219146980122],[-156.46728515625,71.45515260247822],[-157.10449218749997,71.34301347171373],[-157.58789062499997,71.21607526596131],[-157.91748046875,70.99550574822297],[-158.62060546875,70.9883492241249],[-159.30175781249997,70.98119010476937],[-159.98291015625,70.94535555009823],[-160.51025390625,70.73622993891799],[-160.90576171875,70.58341752317065],[-161.5869140625,70.45150843439349],[-161.78466796875,70.45885925640687],[-162.5537109375,70.34092679475283],[-163.05908203125,70.09552886456429],[-163.388671875,69.81689109911446],[-163.564453125,69.51914693717981],[-164.02587890625,69.15474044269264],[-164.90478515625,69.03714171275197],[-165.69580078124997,68.97416358340674],[-166.26708984375,69.01354605132325],[-166.376953125,68.80004113882613],[-166.66259765624997,68.5443150407769],[-167.1240234375,68.39918004344189],[-166.61865234375,68.17155518732503],[-166.5087890625,67.99110834539984],[-165.87158203125,67.8672645403614],[-164.61914062499997,67.47492238478702],[-164.24560546874997,67.23806155909902],[-164.091796875,67.02458758377148],[-163.10302734375,66.87834504307976],[-163.05908203125,66.73990169639414],[-162.66357421875,66.58321725728175],[-162.333984375,66.48697584176404],[-162.3779296875,66.34632215978135],[-163.2568359375,66.31103501145373],[-163.19091796875,66.55700652350038],[-163.76220703124997,66.73990169639414],[-164.46533203125,66.69647781801481],[-165.30029296875,66.55700652350038],[-166.1572265625,66.41674787052298],[-166.9482421875,66.24916310923315],[-167.3876953125,66.01801815922045],[-168.42041015625,65.56754970214311],[-168.02490234375,65.33017791526855],[-167.45361328125,65.18303007291382],[-166.9921875,64.86760781632728],[-166.7724609375,64.49172504435471],[-165.69580078124997,64.24459476798195],[-164.59716796875,64.29229248039543],[-164.13574218749997,64.26368374017731],[-163.49853515625,64.18724867664994],[-162.5537109375,64.27322328178595],[-161.82861328124997,64.24459476798195],[-161.52099609375,63.93737246791484],[-163.125,63.68524808030715],[-163.93798828125,63.41119772365924],[-164.5751953125,63.32254947641308],[-165.41015625,63.15435519659187],[-165.78369140625,62.75472592723178],[-166.26708984375,62.42090322195164],[-166.5966796875,62.155240711732425],[-166.48681640625,61.616843178481375],[-166.2451171875,61.23853141060282],[-165.849609375,60.8663124746226],[-166.5966796875,60.56537850464181],[-167.34375,60.468050120874615],[-167.80517578125,60.20707506634915],[-167.8271484375,60.09771842541544],[-167.89306640624997,59.93300042374631],[-167.03613281249997,59.712097173322924],[-166.640625,59.61221219518693],[-165.95947265624997,59.60109549032134],[-165.47607421874997,59.74532608213611],[-165.10253906249997,59.95501026206206],[-164.794921875,59.987997631212224],[-164.72900390624997,59.7563950493563],[-164.46533203125,59.54545678424146],[-163.8720703125,59.54545678424146],[-163.14697265625,59.60109549032134],[-162.26806640625,59.62332522313024],[-162.20214843749997,59.17592824927136],[-162.35595703125,58.81374171570782],[-162.57568359375,58.6769376725869],[-162.09228515625,58.39019698411526],[-161.455078125,58.39019698411526],[-160.68603515625,58.44773280389084],[-160.1806640625,58.516651799363785],[-159.71923828125,58.58543569119917],[-159.43359375,58.47072082411973],[-159.08203125,58.33256713195789],[-158.55468749999997,58.286395482881034],[-158.44482421874997,58.619777025081675],[-157.60986328125,58.52812515905843],[-158.00537109375,58.00809779306888],[-158.48876953125,57.468589192089354],[-159.49951171875,56.84897198026975],[-161.0595703125,56.389583525613055],[-164.9267578125,54.97761367069628],[-165.9814453125,54.470037612805754],[-168.55224609375,53.73571574532637],[-173.232421875,52.92215137976296],[-175.62744140624997,52.3755991766591],[-177.86865234375,52.13348804077147],[-178.9453125,50.98609893339354],[-178.00048828125,51.440312757160115],[-176.8359375,51.467696956223364],[-175.36376953125,51.7406361640977],[-171.826171875,52.119998657638156],[-167.62939453124997,52.9883372533954],[-166.728515625,53.186287573913305],[-165.9375,53.553362785528094],[-165.30029296875,53.76170183021049],[-164.3115234375,54.149567212540525],[-163.89404296875,54.29088164657006],[-163.3447265625,54.18815548107151],[-162.26806640625,54.07228265560388],[-162.09228515625,54.3549556895541],[-161.89453125,54.7246201949245],[-161.0595703125,54.80068486732233],[-160.400390625,54.67383096593114],[-159.19189453125,54.61025498157912],[-159.14794921875,55.07836723201515],[-158.79638671875,55.429013452407396],[-157.58789062499997,55.825973254619015],[-155.7421875,55.541064956111036],[-154.62158203125,56.01066647040695],[-153.47900390625,56.43820369358165],[-151.45751953125,57.397624055000456],[-151.4794921875,58.07787626787517],[-151.45751953125,58.75680543225761],[-149.74365234374997,59.38917842312835],[-148.51318359375,59.63443457494949],[-146.689453125,59.355596110016315],[-144.51416015625,59.75086102411168],[-144.3109130859375,59.87239799228177],[-143.8330078125,59.968758992382334],[-143.0694580078125,60.031929699115615],[-141.5533447265625,59.842055288480076],[-140.9051513671875,59.68160832698723],[-140.020751953125,59.478568831926395],[-139.1693115234375,59.234986238722],[-138.82873535156247,59.09138238455909],[-138.3233642578125,58.96983560365735],[-138.1146240234375,58.862064179600374],[-138.076171875,58.722598828043374],[-136.9775390625,58.19387126497797],[-136.56005859375,57.7862326105289],[-135.966796875,57.33838126552897],[-136.03271484375,57.052681978717494],[-135.81298828125,56.92099675839107],[-134.571533203125,55.8845546603819],[-134.2034912109375,55.56592203025787],[-133.8958740234375,55.263468250921285],[-133.7530517578125,55.06264118216743],[-133.6102294921875,54.64523407607479],[-133.2421875,54.635697306063854],[-130.6171417236328,54.70637513489091],[-130.62950134277344,54.72422365048395],[-130.62606811523438,54.73651472417763],[-130.65765380859375,54.762274228176494],[-130.62950134277344,54.78247406031503],[-130.5663299560547,54.79237225560392],[-130.49697875976562,54.82877675365454],[-130.42282104492188,54.87423625974835],[-130.34591674804688,54.91569803760518],[-130.27244567871094,54.97288463122321],[-130.18661499023438,55.062247951730015],[-130.18043518066406,55.091729515360875],[-130.15090942382812,55.12393783348962],[-130.14747619628906,55.14160209881279],[-130.10284423828125,55.19219635238084],[-129.97169494628906,55.28146181651345],[-129.97581481933594,55.30022902025666],[-130.02044677734375,55.33890835596374],[-130.0396728515625,55.45043679812318],[-130.0884246826172,55.496749338303694],[-130.12825012207028,55.58144971869657],[-130.10971069335938,55.68223010941079],[-130.14816284179688,55.71473455012689],[-130.15296936035156,55.7649857705176],[-130.12550354003906,55.80475427021683],[-130.0843048095703,55.82134464477078],[-130.00465393066406,55.90573012454021],[-130.00465393066406,55.9130425993163],[-130.0190734863281,55.912657766599715],[-130.00259399414062,56.00605986001467],[-130.10421752929688,56.12297419573329],[-130.24635314941406,56.09693875609652],[-130.3479766845703,56.12794955397159],[-130.42556762695312,56.14134155069025],[-130.4674530029297,56.24373146827144],[-130.55740356445312,56.249454174583384],[-130.5677032470703,56.25479459547735],[-130.62400817871094,56.2685236855868],[-130.78262329101562,56.36715174252849],[-131.08612060546875,56.40668363558357],[-131.16989135742188,56.44883107459549],[-131.473388671875,56.551913918713375],[-131.58119201660156,56.61204220477141],[-131.8352508544922,56.59843662755775],[-131.85997009277344,56.702620872371355],[-131.89979553222656,56.75347577609789],[-131.87232971191406,56.805765643008264],[-132.12432861328122,56.87374615531272],[-132.0467376708984,57.04521234171931],[-132.3687744140625,57.09149987857074],[-132.2472381591797,57.211056900559335],[-132.3680877685547,57.347273783306676],[-132.55210876464844,57.49516565182901],[-132.65853881835938,57.61562391374733],[-132.75466918945312,57.69680911844304],[-132.8693389892578,57.83853792318956],[-133.06983947753906,58.00082136594698],[-133.17283630371094,58.15404059343076],[-133.34518432617188,58.27628739957773],[-133.45985412597656,58.38731772556939],[-133.37608337402344,58.430481925680034],[-133.70567321777344,58.611194853078764],[-133.83956909179685,58.730440812979516],[-134.25979614257812,58.861354043320055],[-134.3360137939453,58.92414471817596],[-134.3140411376953,58.962755708753306],[-134.4060516357422,58.978683427688686],[-134.38133239746094,59.03878841190553],[-134.44656372070312,59.08820785301446],[-134.48501586914062,59.13121539881386],[-134.56329345703125,59.130510792073984],[-134.67933654785156,59.191757369765085],[-134.70130920410156,59.24973478117606],[-134.95742797851562,59.279914277804906],[-135.02883911132812,59.34649517787861],[-134.9897003173828,59.3877798237848],[-135.10093688964844,59.42622028594434],[-135.07827758789062,59.45275367774563],[-135.0274658203125,59.47473269180728],[-135.03021240234375,59.564245132658975],[-135.11810302734372,59.62367244601488],[-135.15586853027344,59.625061301654334],[-135.2190399169922,59.6632323288228],[-135.23345947265625,59.69650975428769],[-135.252685546875,59.69789559656873],[-135.36048889160156,59.73598378851403],[-135.4779052734375,59.79821644465919],[-135.94894409179688,59.6632323288228],[-136.1927032470703,59.63998787256213],[-136.34788513183594,59.60109549032134],[-136.25038146972656,59.56633207991906],[-136.24076843261716,59.55972296971678],[-136.24076843261716,59.52387204745182],[-136.3066864013672,59.46461714320982],[-136.36642456054688,59.4496126517294],[-136.47628784179688,59.46566371970234],[-136.46804809570312,59.28552611855346],[-136.49620056152344,59.27465233689575],[-136.4900207519531,59.26096748461385],[-136.5840911865234,59.166075318301345],[-136.8285369873047,59.16009179641602],[-136.8793487548828,59.13544273484683],[-137.28240966796875,59.0009698708429],[-137.449951171875,58.908900972391415],[-137.52548217773438,58.906418795609426],[-137.5000762939453,58.985760051467075],[-137.54127502441406,59.10478272378236],[-137.60787963867188,59.24376590151355],[-138.62617492675778,59.76746035005358],[-138.66600036621094,59.80961318716828],[-138.6797332763672,59.84481485969105],[-138.70582580566406,59.90650046741583],[-139.05258178710938,59.994179105518434],[-139.19952392578125,60.08950200748712],[-139.0711212158203,60.3187885497516],[-139.07386779785156,60.35243208301854],[-139.69253540039062,60.33544473468298],[-139.97955322265625,60.181818669034776],[-140.4595184326172,60.30858669066228],[-140.5199432373047,60.22003701633967],[-141.00128173828125,60.3058656567224],[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579],[-173.155517578125,60.69469537287745],[-173.15277099609375,60.64356945377967],[-173.08135986328125,60.61123754937553],[-173.04016113281247,60.58157148491742],[-173.08135986328125,60.53972302275651],[-173.089599609375,60.511343283202464],[-173.05938720703125,60.4788788301667],[-172.98248291015625,60.468050120874615],[-172.94677734374997,60.43689744859958],[-172.8424072265625,60.403001945865476],[-172.78472900390625,60.373144671593685],[-172.7105712890625,60.329667021005825],[-172.6611328125,60.3187885497516],[-172.5897216796875,60.309266913738156],[-172.49908447265625,60.31606836555203],[-172.4139404296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.35076904296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.30682373046872,60.29021531318375],[-172.2381591796875,60.29021531318375],[-172.17498779296875,60.30518536282736],[-172.2381591796875,60.333745513303114],[-172.34527587890625,60.378575303227215],[-172.364501953125,60.40164539086417],[-172.43041992187497,60.40571488624096],[-172.4798583984375,60.39757538658664],[-172.57598876953125,60.41249624776229],[-172.6556396484375,60.43689744859958],[-172.77374267578122,60.4788788301667],[-172.83416748046875,60.50052541051131],[-172.89459228515625,60.550527811064846],[-172.8863525390625,60.588316165776824],[-172.91656494140625,60.62606036274505],[-172.98797607421875,60.658377412327326],[-173.01544189453125,60.69469537287745],[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385],[-171.793212890625,63.82128765261384],[-171.80419921875,63.73147780336167],[-171.8426513671875,63.65601144183318],[-171.8865966796875,63.54365806976644],[-171.859130859375,63.42594585479083],[-171.7877197265625,63.34966546248425],[-171.62841796875,63.32501562217765],[-171.474609375,63.28306240110864],[-171.353759765625,63.29540792564745],[-171.2548828125,63.33980806067484],[-171.1395263671875,63.38413977217118],[-171.002197265625,63.389061297647125],[-170.760498046875,63.34966546248425],[-170.57373046875,63.32501562217765],[-170.41992187499997,63.27812271092345],[-170.343017578125,63.1989725264735],[-170.3594970703125,63.156835740093236],[-170.2496337890625,63.156835740093236],[-170.145263671875,63.156835740093236],[-170.0408935546875,63.14194929585152],[-169.9090576171875,63.087300267152735],[-169.8321533203125,63.03753005973634],[-169.7991943359375,62.990169510232555],[-169.8101806640625,62.95522304515911],[-169.74975585937497,62.922735326966595],[-169.617919921875,62.91523303947614],[-169.54650878906247,62.9502272814474],[-169.4915771484375,62.97270150065472],[-169.508056640625,62.99765260346662],[-169.4970703125,63.04251090966805],[-169.43664550781247,63.08978654472616],[-169.34326171874997,63.11712157280328],[-169.178466796875,63.13946747896222],[-169.1070556640625,63.14443090047572],[-168.958740234375,63.104699747121074],[-168.760986328125,63.112153479825004],[-168.67309570312497,63.203925767041305],[-168.662109375,63.26576978358972],[-168.7115478515625,63.3348780927218],[-168.92578125,63.366907787681754],[-169.07958984374997,63.366907787681754],[-169.25537109375,63.37183226679281],[-169.420166015625,63.376755901872734],[-169.5245361328125,63.389061297647125],[-169.6124267578125,63.43331707559086],[-169.705810546875,63.46278300222105],[-169.8211669921875,63.46523712749102],[-169.947509765625,63.48976680530999],[-170.0079345703125,63.59011870211632],[-170.0958251953125,63.658448979940175],[-170.2386474609375,63.704722429433225],[-170.4638671875,63.73390885572919],[-170.5902099609375,63.721751503619956],[-170.7659912109375,63.6779417467744],[-171.2164306640625,63.648697570849286],[-171.474609375,63.6779417467744],[-171.54052734375,63.75334975181205],[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725],[-170.3155517578125,57.043718234032625],[-170.22216796875,57.119841130872615],[-170.1947021484375,57.14518072479997],[-170.11505126953125,57.18985535714817],[-170.08209228515625,57.227042992549855],[-170.07110595703125,57.271618718194446],[-170.189208984375,57.23893512461504],[-170.2386474609375,57.22852971878346],[-170.32928466796875,57.22852971878346],[-170.3704833984375,57.22406936030381],[-170.49407958984375,57.20473490715757],[-170.41992187499997,57.12878649751151],[-170.364990234375,57.11387635258491],[-170.42266845703125,57.06910989239133],[-170.46112060546875,57.033257797376066],[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147],[-169.8211669921875,56.60486209416893],[-169.7991943359375,56.586716786451156],[-169.71405029296875,56.565536245992064],[-169.71405029296875,56.551913918713375],[-169.63165283203125,56.51707901932375],[-169.56024169921875,56.515563731608296],[-169.5025634765625,56.553427752820355],[-169.43115234375,56.58369172128337],[-169.43664550781247,56.626020608371924],[-169.56024169921875,56.63055303322322],[-169.6783447265625,56.62450967912138],[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147]]]}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa312","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Goter, Susan K.","contributorId":40659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goter","given":"Susan K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874558,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70180234,"text":"70180234 - 1988 - Geology and mineral resources of the Port Moller region, western Alaska Peninsula, Aleutian arc: A section in <i>USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts</i>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70180234,"text":"70180234 - 1988 - Geology and mineral resources of the Port Moller region, western Alaska Peninsula, Aleutian arc: A section in <i>USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts</i>","indexId":"70180234","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and mineral resources of the Port Moller region, western Alaska Peninsula, Aleutian arc: A section in <i>USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":3334,"text":"cir1035 - 1988 - USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts","indexId":"cir1035","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":3334,"text":"cir1035 - 1988 - USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts","indexId":"cir1035","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T11:17:56","indexId":"70180234","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"subseriesTitle":"1035","title":"Geology and mineral resources of the Port Moller region, western Alaska Peninsula, Aleutian arc: A section in <i>USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Geologic mapping of the Port Moller, Stepovak Bay, and Simeonof Island quadrangles was begun under the auspices of the Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program (AMRAP) in 1983 . Two important mineral deposits are located in the Port Moller quadrangle; the Pyramid prospect is the largest copper porphyry system in the Aleutian Arc, and the Apollo Mine is the only gold mine to reach production status in the Aleutian Arc. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts (Circular 1035)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70180234","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., White, W., and Detterman, R.L., 1988, Geology and mineral resources of the Port Moller region, western Alaska Peninsula, Aleutian arc: A section in <i>USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Circular, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70180234.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334117,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334011,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1988/1035/report.pdf#page=92","text":"Start page in larger work"},{"id":334010,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://alaska.usgs.gov/products/pubs/info.php?pubid=3396"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Peninsula, Aleutian arc, Port Moller region","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588b198be4b0ad67323f9866","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Willis H.","contributorId":7761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Willis H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Detterman, Robert L.","contributorId":71526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detterman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162048,"text":"70162048 - 1988 - Use of a portable electric barrier to estimate Chinook salmon escapement in a turbid Alaskan river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T15:16:02.993246","indexId":"70162048","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a portable electric barrier to estimate Chinook salmon escapement in a turbid Alaskan river","docAbstract":"<p><span>We developed a portable electric barrier to aid in the capture of adult chinook salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span> undergoing spawning migrations up a turbid stream in south-central Alaska. In 1981, we tagged and released 157 chinook salmon after diverting them from the main-stem Killey River into a conventional trap with the aid of the electric barrier. On the basis of returns of tagged salmon to Benjamin Creek, a clear-water tributary of the upper Killey River, we estimated spawners in the drainage to number 8,000 fish. Two different statistical approaches to the mark–recapture data yielded similar estimates. Through several modifications of the electric barrier, we were able to reduce mortality associated with the barrier's use.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1988)008<0475:UOAPEB>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Palmisano, A., and Burger, C.V., 1988, Use of a portable electric barrier to estimate Chinook salmon escapement in a turbid Alaskan river: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 8, no. 4, p. 475-480, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1988)008<0475:UOAPEB>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"480","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Benjamin Creek, Killey River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.11306762695312,\n              60.42402131894633\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.00045776367188,\n              60.42402131894633\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.00045776367188,\n              60.4810779702316\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.11306762695312,\n              60.4810779702316\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.11306762695312,\n              60.42402131894633\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569623dce4b039675d00a3b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmisano, A.","contributorId":54368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmisano","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burger, C. V.","contributorId":58219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burger","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70162045,"text":"70162045 - 1988 - Predation of Karluk River sockeye salmon by coho salmon and char","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T18:09:01","indexId":"70162045","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation of Karluk River sockeye salmon by coho salmon and char","docAbstract":"<p>The number of sockeye salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus nerka</i>, in Alaska's Karluk River (Fig. 1) declined from millions to thousands during the early part of the present century. Rounsefell (1958) discussed alternative explanations for the decline including a general loss offertility ofthe system as the number of salmon carcasses declined, competition, overfishing, subtle changes in climate, and predation; he concluded that the combined effect of predation and fishing was the most probable explanation. Later, Van Cleave and Bevan (1973) suggested that the weir constructed in the river each year to facilitate counting the fish as they entered the system was the most probable cause ofthe decline. Itprevented free movement of both adults and juveniles in the river. All of these hypotheses remain as potential explanations for the decline</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Marine Fisheries Service","usgsCitation":"McIntyre, J., Reisenbichler, R., Emlen, J., Wilmot, R., and Finn, J., 1988, Predation of Karluk River sockeye salmon by coho salmon and char: Fishery Bulletin, v. 86, no. 3, p. 611-616.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"611","endPage":"616","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/863/mcintyre.pdf","text":"pdf"},{"id":314225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314224,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/863/863toc.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska ","otherGeospatial":"Karluk Lake, Karluk River, Kodiak Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.423583984375,\n              56.87899917413543\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.423583984375,\n              57.58066944459514\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.12744140624997,\n              57.58066944459514\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.12744140624997,\n              56.87899917413543\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.423583984375,\n              56.87899917413543\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"86","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569631c9e4b039675d00a3e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntyre, J.D.","contributorId":27006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reisenbichler, R.R.","contributorId":77356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reisenbichler","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emlen, J.M.","contributorId":63979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilmot, R.L.","contributorId":97662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilmot","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, J.E.","contributorId":8795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70162107,"text":"70162107 - 1988 - Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognize antigenic variants among isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-08T01:37:04.467736","indexId":"70162107","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognize antigenic variants among isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus","docAbstract":"<p><span>eutralizing monoclonal antibodies were developed against strains of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) from steelhead trout Salmo gairdneri in the Deschutes River of Oregon, chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Sacramento River of California, and rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri reared in the Hagerman Valley of Idaho, USA. These antibodies were tested for neutralization of 12 IHNV isolates obtained from salmonids in Japan, Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, and Idaho. The antibodies recognized antigenic variants among the isolates and could be used to separate the viruses into 4 groups. The members of each group tended to be related by geographic area rather than by source host species, virulence, or date of isolation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/DAO004199","usgsCitation":"Winton, J., Arakawa, C., Lannan, C., and Fryer, J.L., 1988, Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognize antigenic variants among isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 4, p. 199-204, https://doi.org/10.3354/DAO004199.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"204","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314268,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5697833fe4b039675d00a6f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arakawa, C.N.","contributorId":152171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arakawa","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lannan, C.N.","contributorId":152142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lannan","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fryer, J. L.","contributorId":21900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159105,"text":"70159105 - 1988 - Land cover mapping of the upper Kuskokwim Resource Managment Area using LANDSAT and a digital data base approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-13T13:43:31.46543","indexId":"70159105","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-20T12:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Land cover mapping of the upper Kuskokwim Resource Managment Area using LANDSAT and a digital data base approach","docAbstract":"<p>Digital land cover and terrain data for the Upper Kuskokwim Resource Hanagement Area (UKRMA) were produced by the U.S. Geological Survey, Earth Resources Observation Systems Field Office, Anchorage, Alaska for the Bureau of Land Management. These and other environmental data, were incorporated into a digital data base to assist in the management and planning of the UKRMA. The digital data base includes land cover classifications, elevation, slope, and aspect data centering on the UKRMA boundaries. The data are stored on computer compatible tapes at a 50-m pixel size. Additional digital data in the data base include: (a) summer and winter Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data registered to a 50-m Universal Transverse Mercator grid; (b) elevation, slope, aspect, and solar illumination data; (c) soils and surficial geology; and (e) study area boundary. The classification of Landsat MSS data resulted in seven major classes and 24 subclasses. Major classes include: forest, shrubland, dwarf scrub, herbaceous, barren, water, and other. The final data base will be used by resource personnel for management and planning within the UKRMA.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70159105","usgsCitation":"Markon, C.J., 1988, Land cover mapping of the upper Kuskokwim Resource Managment Area using LANDSAT and a digital data base approach, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159105.","productDescription":"11 p.","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309930,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159105.jpg"},{"id":310352,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159105/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kuskowim River, Stony River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.400390625,\n              59.689926220143356\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.400390625,\n              63.27318217465046\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.611328125,\n              63.27318217465046\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.611328125,\n              59.689926220143356\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.400390625,\n              59.689926220143356\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5620ce82e4b06217fc478af5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":38198,"text":"pp1386B - 1988 - Glaciers of Antarctica","indexId":"pp1386B","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Glaciers of Antarctica"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":38212,"text":"pp1386C - 1995 - Glaciers of Greenland","indexId":"pp1386C","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Glaciers of Greenland"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":38224,"text":"pp1386H - 1989 - Glaciers of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, and New Zealand","indexId":"pp1386H","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Glaciers of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, and New Zealand"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":38255,"text":"pp1386I - 1998 - Glaciers of South America","indexId":"pp1386I","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Glaciers of South America"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":38501,"text":"pp1386E - 1993 - Glaciers of Europe","indexId":"pp1386E","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Glaciers of Europe"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":38502,"text":"pp1386G - 1991 - Glaciers of the Middle East and Africa","indexId":"pp1386G","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Glaciers of the Middle East and Africa"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":6},{"subject":{"id":44667,"text":"pp1386J - 2002 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world — North America","indexId":"pp1386J","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"chapter":"J","title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world — North America"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":7},{"subject":{"id":97059,"text":"pp1386K - 2008 - Glaciers of North America - Glaciers of Alaska","indexId":"pp1386K","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"chapter":"K","title":"Glaciers of North America - Glaciers of Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":8},{"subject":{"id":98690,"text":"pp1386F - 2010 - Glaciers of Asia","indexId":"pp1386F","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"Glaciers of Asia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":9},{"subject":{"id":70043298,"text":"pp1386A - 2012 - State of the Earth’s cryosphere at the beginning of the 21st century: Glaciers, global snow cover, floating ice, and permafrost and periglacial environments","indexId":"pp1386A","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"State of the Earth’s cryosphere at the beginning of the 21st century: Glaciers, global snow cover, floating ice, and permafrost and periglacial environments"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":10}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T15:57:26.610938","indexId":"pp1386","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1386","title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1386, Satellite Image Atlas of Glaciers of the World, contains 11 chapters designated by the letters A through K. Chapter A provides a comprehensive, yet concise, review of the \"State of the Earth's Cryosphere at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Glaciers, Global Snow Cover, Floating Ice, and Permafrost and Periglacial Environments,\" and a \"Map/Poster of the Earth's Dynamic Cryosphere,\" and a set of eight \"Supplemental Cryosphere Notes\" about the Earth's Dynamic Cryosphere and the Earth System. The next 10 chapters, B through K, are arranged geographically and present glaciological information from Landsat and other sources of historic and modern data on each of the geographic areas. Chapter B covers Antarctica; Chapter C, Greenland; Chapter D, Iceland; Chapter E, Continental Europe (except for the European part of the former Soviet Union), including the Alps, the Pyrenees, Norway, Sweden, Svalbard (Norway), and Jan Mayen (Norway); Chapter F, Asia, including the European part of the former Soviet Union, China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bhutan; Chapter G, Turkey, Iran, and Africa; Chapter H, Irian Jaya (Indonesia) and New Zealand; Chapter I, South America; Chapter J, North America (excluding Alaska); and Chapter K, Alaska. Chapters A–D each include map plates.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1386","usgsCitation":"1988, Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1386, Chapters A-K, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1386.","productDescription":"Chapters A-K","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":320,"text":"Glacier Studies Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267198,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1386.png"},{"id":265317,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1386/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511a2115e4b084e2824d6997","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Williams, Richard S. Jr.","contributorId":17355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard S.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509152,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrigno, Jane G. jferrign@usgs.gov","contributorId":39825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrigno","given":"Jane","email":"jferrign@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":509151,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014102,"text":"70014102 - 1988 - The origin of summit basins on the Aleutian Ridge: Implications for block rotation of an arc massif","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-10T16:46:06.414234","indexId":"70014102","displayToPublicDate":"2010-07-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The origin of summit basins on the Aleutian Ridge: Implications for block rotation of an arc massif","docAbstract":"<p><span>It is proposed that many summit basins along the Aleutian Arc form from the clockwise rotation of blocks of the arc massif. Summit basins are arc-parallel grabens or half-grabens formed within the arc massif and are commonly located near or along the axis of late Cenozoic volcanism. Geomorphically, the Aleutian Arc appears to consist of contiguous rhombic blocks of varying size, tens to hundreds of kilometers in length. The boundaries between adjacent blocks are delineated by fault-controlled canyons that cut the southern slope of the arc transverse to its regional trend. Evidence that these blocks have rotated clockwise is provided by the triangular-shaped summit basins bordering the blocks to the north, oblique physiographic trends, offsets in the summit platform, and broad deflections in the southern slope of the arc. We present a model for block rotation that involves translation of blocks parallel to an arc. It is suggested that block rotation, which appears to have accelerated in late Cenozoic time, is linked to (1) a shift in the Euler pole for the Pacific plate, (2) the consequential start-up of late Cenozoic volcanism, (3) improved interplate coupling instigated by sediment flooding of the Aleutian Trench, and (4) westward subduction of northeast striking segments of the inactive Kula-Pacific Ridge.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TC007i002p00327","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Geist, E., Childs, J., and Scholl, D., 1988, The origin of summit basins on the Aleutian Ridge: Implications for block rotation of an arc massif: Tectonics, v. 7, no. 2, p. 327-341, https://doi.org/10.1029/TC007i002p00327.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"327","endPage":"341","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226066,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Ridge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -182.82659819331917,\n              56.878412454140914\n            ],\n            [\n              -182.82659819331917,\n              50.315460649064136\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.4163666014261,\n              50.315460649064136\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.4163666014261,\n              56.878412454140914\n            ],\n            [\n              -182.82659819331917,\n              56.878412454140914\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae6ee4b08c986b3240c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childs, J.R.","contributorId":63011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, D.W.","contributorId":106461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159184,"text":"70159184 - 1988 - Selawik National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project users guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-12T15:03:13","indexId":"70159184","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Selawik National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project users guide","docAbstract":"<p>Title III of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA, 1980) established the Selawik National Wildlife Refuge (SNWR). Section 304 of the Act requires the Secretary of Interior to \"prepare, and from time to time revise, a comprehensive conservation plan\" for the refuge. Before developing a plan for the refuge, the Secretary shall \"identify and describe--a) the populations and habitats of the fish and wildlife resources of the refuge; b) the special values of the refuge as well as any other archeological, cultural, ecological, geological, historical, palentological, scenic, or wilderness value of the refuge; c) areas within the refuge that are suitable for use as administrative sites or visitor facilities...; d) present the potential requirements for access with respect to the refuge...; and e) significant problems which may adversely affect the populations and habitats of fish and wildlife identified and described...\" (ANILCA, 1980). Vegetation, water, and terrain (elevation, slope, and aspect) are the components of habitat and can be used in the determination of the above requirements.</p>\n<p>The U.S.&nbsp;Fish &amp; Wildlife Service (USFWS) has the responsibility for collecting the resource information to address the research, management, development and planning requirements identified in Section 304. Because of the brief period provided by the Act for data collection, habitat mapping, and habitat assessment, the USFWS in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Field Office, used digital Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data and digital terrain data to produce land cover and terrain maps. A computer assisted digital analysis of Landsat MSS data was used because coverage by aerial photographs was incomplete for the refuge and because the level of detail obtained from Landsat data was adequate to meet most USFWS research, management and planning needs. Relative cost and time requirements were also factors in the decision to use the digital analysis approach.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70159184","usgsCitation":"Markon, C.J., 1988, Selawik National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project users guide, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159184.","productDescription":"28 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159184.jpg"},{"id":311258,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159184/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Selawik National Wildlife  Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -162,\n              66\n            ],\n            [\n              -162,\n              67\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              67\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              66\n            ],\n            [\n              -162,\n              66\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5623712ee4b06217fc47dea7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210471,"text":"5210471 - 1988 - Organochlorines in Alaskan peregrine falcon eggs and their current impact on productivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:20","indexId":"5210471","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Organochlorines in Alaskan peregrine falcon eggs and their current impact on productivity","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Peregrine Falcon Populations:  Their Management and Recovery","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Peregrine Fund, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Boise, Idaho","usgsCitation":"Ambrose, R.E., Henny, C.J., Hunter, R.E., and Crawford, J., 1988, Organochlorines in Alaskan peregrine falcon eggs and their current impact on productivity, chap. <i>of</i> Peregrine Falcon Populations:  Their Management and Recovery, p. 385-393.","productDescription":"xviii, 949","startPage":"385","endPage":"393","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a6ca","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cade, Tom J.","contributorId":113526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506504,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Enderson, James H.","contributorId":112024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enderson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506502,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thelander, Carl G.","contributorId":112249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelander","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506503,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, Clayton M.","contributorId":84278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Clayton","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506501,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Ambrose, Robert E.","contributorId":86074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ambrose","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, R. E.","contributorId":48148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crawford, J.A.","contributorId":105826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80357,"text":"fwsobs82_10_153 - 1988 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Red king crab","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-28T16:49:37.797722","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_153","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.153","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Red king crab","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for evaluating habitat of different life stages of red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica). A model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) and 1.0 (optimum habitat) in Alaskan coastal waters, especially in the Gulf of Alaska and the southeastern Bering Sea. HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Jewett, S.C., and Onuf, C.P., 1988, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Red king crab: FWS/OBS 82/10.153, viii, 34 p.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6497d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jewett, Stephen C.","contributorId":94397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Onuf, Christopher P.","contributorId":55091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Onuf","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014862,"text":"70014862 - 1988 - Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T15:58:13.829338","indexId":"70014862","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sideritic lacustrine mudstone was found in drill core from a uranium deposit in the Death Valley area in the eastern part of the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. The precursor sediments for this rock were deposited in an unusual “iron-meromictic” Eocene lake, herein named Lake Tubutulik, which occupied part of the Boulder Creek basin, a structural graben that is probably a southern extension of the larger Death Valley basin. The Boulder Creek basin is bounded on the west by granite of the Late Cretaceous Darby Pluton, on the east by Precambrian to Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks. The lake basin was formed by basaltic flows that dammed the river valley of the ancestral Tubutulik River in early Eocene time. Lake Tubutulik contained a nearshore facies of fine-grained organic mud and an offshore facies of laminated sideritic mud. The offshore (profundal) laminated mudstone consists of alternating layers of authigenic siderite and detrital layers containing mostly quartz and clay minerals. Both lacustrine facies contain turbidities. The lacustrine sediments graded laterally into an onshore facies of colluvial and fluvial sandstone, paludal mudstone, and coal.</span></p><p><span>The ancient lake apparently occupied a small deep basin in a tectonically active area of high relief. Meromixus was probably stabilized by reduced iron and bicarbonate dissolved in the monimolimnion. The intensity of meromixus decreased as the lake became shallower from sediment filling. The source of the iron, abundant in the monimolimnion of Lake Tubutulik, was probably the Eocene basalt. Based on carbon isotope analysis of the siderite, the dissolved bicarbonate in the profundal facies was largely inorganic. Sideritic carbon in one sample from the onshore paludal facies has an isotopic signature (<i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C = +16.9) consistent with residual carbon formed during methanogenic fermentation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90038-3","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, K.A., 1988, Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska: Sedimentary Geology, v. 54, no. 4, p. 303-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90038-3.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"320","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225798,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"eastern Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -168.56866198677457,\n              66.86135114826158\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.56866198677457,\n              64.30825678061103\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.65347847293947,\n              64.30825678061103\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.65347847293947,\n              66.86135114826158\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.56866198677457,\n              66.86135114826158\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73ffe4b0c8380cd7739b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, Kendall A.","contributorId":293002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Kendall","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70159130,"text":"70159130 - 1988 - Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-13T14:03:02.417525","indexId":"70159130","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide","docAbstract":"<p>Title III of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980 (ANILCA 1980) established the Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge (NNWR). Section 304 of the Act requires the Secretary of Interior to \"prepare, and from time to time revise, a comprehensive conservation plan\" for the refuge. &nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.3133/70159130","usgsCitation":"Markon, C.J., 1988, Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159130.","productDescription":"20 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159130.jpg"},{"id":310337,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159130/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.73120117187497,\n              63.69011792294749\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.16064453124997,\n              63.69011792294749\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.16064453124997,\n              65.17380608397224\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.73120117187497,\n              65.17380608397224\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.73120117187497,\n              63.69011792294749\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5620ce89e4b06217fc478b00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":13711,"text":"ofr88395 - 1988 - A bibliography of selected geologic and engineering-geologic literature of northern Alaska (Arctic Coastal Plain and northern foothills)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:53","indexId":"ofr88395","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-395","title":"A bibliography of selected geologic and engineering-geologic literature of northern Alaska (Arctic Coastal Plain and northern foothills)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88395","usgsCitation":"Galloway, J., 1988, A bibliography of selected geologic and engineering-geologic literature of northern Alaska (Arctic Coastal Plain and northern foothills): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-395, 35 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88395.","productDescription":"35 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147258,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0395/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42273,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0395/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4975e4b0b290850ef306","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galloway, J. P.","contributorId":19142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":34900,"text":"b1825 - 1988 - Cyclic triaxial tests of the Bootlegger Cove Formation, Anchorage, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:30","indexId":"b1825","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1825","title":"Cyclic triaxial tests of the Bootlegger Cove Formation, Anchorage, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b1825","usgsCitation":"Lade, P., Updike, R.G., and Cole, D.A., 1988, Cyclic triaxial tests of the Bootlegger Cove Formation, Anchorage, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1825, vi, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1825.","productDescription":"vi, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1825/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62861,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1825/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ebb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lade, P.V.","contributorId":89204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lade","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Updike, Randall G. updike@usgs.gov","contributorId":334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Updike","given":"Randall","email":"updike@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":213779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cole, David A.","contributorId":45765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":12163,"text":"ofr88533 - 1988 - Mineral resource assessment of the Wiseman 1° by 3° quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-06T16:27:41.36447","indexId":"ofr88533","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-533","title":"Mineral resource assessment of the Wiseman 1° by 3° quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88533","usgsCitation":"Bliss, J.D., Brosge, W., Dillon, J.T., Dutro, J., Cathrall, J.B., and Cady, J.W., 1988, Mineral resource assessment of the Wiseman 1° by 3° quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-533, Report: 84 p.; 3 Plates: 38.28 × 24.89 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88533.","productDescription":"Report: 84 p.; 3 Plates: 38.28 × 24.89 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":40201,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0533/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40200,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0533/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40199,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0533/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40198,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0533/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0533/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":408040,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19072.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Wiseman 1° by 3° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153,\n              67\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              67\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              68\n            ],\n            [\n              -153,\n              68\n            ],\n            [\n              -153,\n              67\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c862","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bliss, James D. jbliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"James","email":"jbliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":165303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brosge, W. P.","contributorId":58248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brosge","given":"W. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dillon, J. T.","contributorId":72382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dutro, J.T. Jr.","contributorId":8432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutro","given":"J.T.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cathrall, J. B.","contributorId":29400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathrall","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cady, J. W.","contributorId":81892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cady","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":12159,"text":"ofr8873 - 1988 - Metallogeny and major mineral deposits of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:43","indexId":"ofr8873","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-73","title":"Metallogeny and major mineral deposits of Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8873","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W., Bundtzen, T.K., Berg, H.C., Brew, D.A., Grybeck, D., Robinson, M., Smith, T.E., and Yeend, W., 1988, Metallogeny and major mineral deposits of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-73, 97 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8873.","productDescription":"97 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40197,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40195,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0073/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40196,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0073/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628728","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, W. J. 0000-0002-1574-8869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":68312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bundtzen, T. K.","contributorId":80287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berg, H. C.","contributorId":36130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brew, D. A.","contributorId":88344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grybeck, Donald","contributorId":8066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grybeck","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robinson, M.S.","contributorId":34934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, T. E.","contributorId":23530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yeend, W. E.","contributorId":104879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeend","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":12138,"text":"ofr88344 - 1988 - Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska, 1950 to 1988","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12138,"text":"ofr88344 - 1988 - Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska, 1950 to 1988","indexId":"ofr88344","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska, 1950 to 1988"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":17308,"text":"ofr9160 - 1991 - Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska 1950 to 1990","indexId":"ofr9160","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska 1950 to 1990"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":17308,"text":"ofr9160 - 1991 - Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska 1950 to 1990","indexId":"ofr9160","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska 1950 to 1990"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-08T22:12:55.946273","indexId":"ofr88344","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-344","title":"Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska, 1950 to 1988","docAbstract":"<p>The objective of this compilation is to provide a listing of water-resources reports in Alaska by location. For the purposes of this report, Alaska has been divided into six geographic sections: Arctic Slope, West, Southwest, East-Central, Southcentral, and Southeast. In addition, reports are cited in the following categories: Statewide and Topical, Trans-Alaska Pipeline System, and Glaciers. The Statewide and Topical reports are not located on maps. The index to the location maps is on the facing page. The numbers on the location maps refer to the bibliographic citations. (Gaps have been left in the numbering system for additional reports in future editions of this compilation.)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88344","usgsCitation":"1988, Location maps and list of U.S. Geological Survey reports on water resources in Alaska, 1950 to 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-344, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88344.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419620,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0344/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146524,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0344/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146],[-141.064453125,69.80172356231073],[-141.767578125,69.96043926902489],[-142.734375,70.1478274118401],[-143.26171875,70.25945200030638],[-144.99755859375,70.1925497583889],[-146.14013671875,70.21487465331137],[-147.43652343749997,70.32613725493573],[-148.40332031249997,70.51024068514326],[-149.47998046875,70.63448406630856],[-149.85351562499997,70.63448406630856],[-150.64453125,70.59802116106809],[-151.611328125,70.61261423801925],[-151.8310546875,70.7724429742589],[-152.02880859375,70.90226826757711],[-152.666015625,71.0098110139634],[-153.52294921875,71.05979781529196],[-154.31396484375,70.95969716686398],[-154.70947265625,71.20191973293133],[-155.41259765625,71.3219146980122],[-156.46728515625,71.45515260247822],[-157.10449218749997,71.34301347171373],[-157.58789062499997,71.21607526596131],[-157.91748046875,70.99550574822297],[-158.62060546875,70.9883492241249],[-159.30175781249997,70.98119010476937],[-159.98291015625,70.94535555009823],[-160.51025390625,70.73622993891799],[-160.90576171875,70.58341752317065],[-161.5869140625,70.45150843439349],[-161.78466796875,70.45885925640687],[-162.5537109375,70.34092679475283],[-163.05908203125,70.09552886456429],[-163.388671875,69.81689109911446],[-163.564453125,69.51914693717981],[-164.02587890625,69.15474044269264],[-164.90478515625,69.03714171275197],[-165.69580078124997,68.97416358340674],[-166.26708984375,69.01354605132325],[-166.376953125,68.80004113882613],[-166.66259765624997,68.5443150407769],[-167.1240234375,68.39918004344189],[-166.61865234375,68.17155518732503],[-166.5087890625,67.99110834539984],[-165.87158203125,67.8672645403614],[-164.61914062499997,67.47492238478702],[-164.24560546874997,67.23806155909902],[-164.091796875,67.02458758377148],[-163.10302734375,66.87834504307976],[-163.05908203125,66.73990169639414],[-162.66357421875,66.58321725728175],[-162.333984375,66.48697584176404],[-162.3779296875,66.34632215978135],[-163.2568359375,66.31103501145373],[-163.19091796875,66.55700652350038],[-163.76220703124997,66.73990169639414],[-164.46533203125,66.69647781801481],[-165.30029296875,66.55700652350038],[-166.1572265625,66.41674787052298],[-166.9482421875,66.24916310923315],[-167.3876953125,66.01801815922045],[-168.42041015625,65.56754970214311],[-168.02490234375,65.33017791526855],[-167.45361328125,65.18303007291382],[-166.9921875,64.86760781632728],[-166.7724609375,64.49172504435471],[-165.69580078124997,64.24459476798195],[-164.59716796875,64.29229248039543],[-164.13574218749997,64.26368374017731],[-163.49853515625,64.18724867664994],[-162.5537109375,64.27322328178595],[-161.82861328124997,64.24459476798195],[-161.52099609375,63.93737246791484],[-163.125,63.68524808030715],[-163.93798828125,63.41119772365924],[-164.5751953125,63.32254947641308],[-165.41015625,63.15435519659187],[-165.78369140625,62.75472592723178],[-166.26708984375,62.42090322195164],[-166.5966796875,62.155240711732425],[-166.48681640625,61.616843178481375],[-166.2451171875,61.23853141060282],[-165.849609375,60.8663124746226],[-166.5966796875,60.56537850464181],[-167.34375,60.468050120874615],[-167.80517578125,60.20707506634915],[-167.8271484375,60.09771842541544],[-167.89306640624997,59.93300042374631],[-167.03613281249997,59.712097173322924],[-166.640625,59.61221219518693],[-165.95947265624997,59.60109549032134],[-165.47607421874997,59.74532608213611],[-165.10253906249997,59.95501026206206],[-164.794921875,59.987997631212224],[-164.72900390624997,59.7563950493563],[-164.46533203125,59.54545678424146],[-163.8720703125,59.54545678424146],[-163.14697265625,59.60109549032134],[-162.26806640625,59.62332522313024],[-162.20214843749997,59.17592824927136],[-162.35595703125,58.81374171570782],[-162.57568359375,58.6769376725869],[-162.09228515625,58.39019698411526],[-161.455078125,58.39019698411526],[-160.68603515625,58.44773280389084],[-160.1806640625,58.516651799363785],[-159.71923828125,58.58543569119917],[-159.43359375,58.47072082411973],[-159.08203125,58.33256713195789],[-158.55468749999997,58.286395482881034],[-158.44482421874997,58.619777025081675],[-157.60986328125,58.52812515905843],[-158.00537109375,58.00809779306888],[-158.48876953125,57.468589192089354],[-159.49951171875,56.84897198026975],[-161.0595703125,56.389583525613055],[-164.9267578125,54.97761367069628],[-165.9814453125,54.470037612805754],[-168.55224609375,53.73571574532637],[-173.232421875,52.92215137976296],[-175.62744140624997,52.3755991766591],[-177.86865234375,52.13348804077147],[-178.9453125,50.98609893339354],[-178.00048828125,51.440312757160115],[-176.8359375,51.467696956223364],[-175.36376953125,51.7406361640977],[-171.826171875,52.119998657638156],[-167.62939453124997,52.9883372533954],[-166.728515625,53.186287573913305],[-165.9375,53.553362785528094],[-165.30029296875,53.76170183021049],[-164.3115234375,54.149567212540525],[-163.89404296875,54.29088164657006],[-163.3447265625,54.18815548107151],[-162.26806640625,54.07228265560388],[-162.09228515625,54.3549556895541],[-161.89453125,54.7246201949245],[-161.0595703125,54.80068486732233],[-160.400390625,54.67383096593114],[-159.19189453125,54.61025498157912],[-159.14794921875,55.07836723201515],[-158.79638671875,55.429013452407396],[-157.58789062499997,55.825973254619015],[-155.7421875,55.541064956111036],[-154.62158203125,56.01066647040695],[-153.47900390625,56.43820369358165],[-151.45751953125,57.397624055000456],[-151.4794921875,58.07787626787517],[-151.45751953125,58.75680543225761],[-149.74365234374997,59.38917842312835],[-148.51318359375,59.63443457494949],[-146.689453125,59.355596110016315],[-144.51416015625,59.75086102411168],[-144.3109130859375,59.87239799228177],[-143.8330078125,59.968758992382334],[-143.0694580078125,60.031929699115615],[-141.5533447265625,59.842055288480076],[-140.9051513671875,59.68160832698723],[-140.020751953125,59.478568831926395],[-139.1693115234375,59.234986238722],[-138.82873535156247,59.09138238455909],[-138.3233642578125,58.96983560365735],[-138.1146240234375,58.862064179600374],[-138.076171875,58.722598828043374],[-136.9775390625,58.19387126497797],[-136.56005859375,57.7862326105289],[-135.966796875,57.33838126552897],[-136.03271484375,57.052681978717494],[-135.81298828125,56.92099675839107],[-134.571533203125,55.8845546603819],[-134.2034912109375,55.56592203025787],[-133.8958740234375,55.263468250921285],[-133.7530517578125,55.06264118216743],[-133.6102294921875,54.64523407607479],[-133.2421875,54.635697306063854],[-130.6171417236328,54.70637513489091],[-130.62950134277344,54.72422365048395],[-130.62606811523438,54.73651472417763],[-130.65765380859375,54.762274228176494],[-130.62950134277344,54.78247406031503],[-130.5663299560547,54.79237225560392],[-130.49697875976562,54.82877675365454],[-130.42282104492188,54.87423625974835],[-130.34591674804688,54.91569803760518],[-130.27244567871094,54.97288463122321],[-130.18661499023438,55.062247951730015],[-130.18043518066406,55.091729515360875],[-130.15090942382812,55.12393783348962],[-130.14747619628906,55.14160209881279],[-130.10284423828125,55.19219635238084],[-129.97169494628906,55.28146181651345],[-129.97581481933594,55.30022902025666],[-130.02044677734375,55.33890835596374],[-130.0396728515625,55.45043679812318],[-130.0884246826172,55.496749338303694],[-130.12825012207028,55.58144971869657],[-130.10971069335938,55.68223010941079],[-130.14816284179688,55.71473455012689],[-130.15296936035156,55.7649857705176],[-130.12550354003906,55.80475427021683],[-130.0843048095703,55.82134464477078],[-130.00465393066406,55.90573012454021],[-130.00465393066406,55.9130425993163],[-130.0190734863281,55.912657766599715],[-130.00259399414062,56.00605986001467],[-130.10421752929688,56.12297419573329],[-130.24635314941406,56.09693875609652],[-130.3479766845703,56.12794955397159],[-130.42556762695312,56.14134155069025],[-130.4674530029297,56.24373146827144],[-130.55740356445312,56.249454174583384],[-130.5677032470703,56.25479459547735],[-130.62400817871094,56.2685236855868],[-130.78262329101562,56.36715174252849],[-131.08612060546875,56.40668363558357],[-131.16989135742188,56.44883107459549],[-131.473388671875,56.551913918713375],[-131.58119201660156,56.61204220477141],[-131.8352508544922,56.59843662755775],[-131.85997009277344,56.702620872371355],[-131.89979553222656,56.75347577609789],[-131.87232971191406,56.805765643008264],[-132.12432861328122,56.87374615531272],[-132.0467376708984,57.04521234171931],[-132.3687744140625,57.09149987857074],[-132.2472381591797,57.211056900559335],[-132.3680877685547,57.347273783306676],[-132.55210876464844,57.49516565182901],[-132.65853881835938,57.61562391374733],[-132.75466918945312,57.69680911844304],[-132.8693389892578,57.83853792318956],[-133.06983947753906,58.00082136594698],[-133.17283630371094,58.15404059343076],[-133.34518432617188,58.27628739957773],[-133.45985412597656,58.38731772556939],[-133.37608337402344,58.430481925680034],[-133.70567321777344,58.611194853078764],[-133.83956909179685,58.730440812979516],[-134.25979614257812,58.861354043320055],[-134.3360137939453,58.92414471817596],[-134.3140411376953,58.962755708753306],[-134.4060516357422,58.978683427688686],[-134.38133239746094,59.03878841190553],[-134.44656372070312,59.08820785301446],[-134.48501586914062,59.13121539881386],[-134.56329345703125,59.130510792073984],[-134.67933654785156,59.191757369765085],[-134.70130920410156,59.24973478117606],[-134.95742797851562,59.279914277804906],[-135.02883911132812,59.34649517787861],[-134.9897003173828,59.3877798237848],[-135.10093688964844,59.42622028594434],[-135.07827758789062,59.45275367774563],[-135.0274658203125,59.47473269180728],[-135.03021240234375,59.564245132658975],[-135.11810302734372,59.62367244601488],[-135.15586853027344,59.625061301654334],[-135.2190399169922,59.6632323288228],[-135.23345947265625,59.69650975428769],[-135.252685546875,59.69789559656873],[-135.36048889160156,59.73598378851403],[-135.4779052734375,59.79821644465919],[-135.94894409179688,59.6632323288228],[-136.1927032470703,59.63998787256213],[-136.34788513183594,59.60109549032134],[-136.25038146972656,59.56633207991906],[-136.24076843261716,59.55972296971678],[-136.24076843261716,59.52387204745182],[-136.3066864013672,59.46461714320982],[-136.36642456054688,59.4496126517294],[-136.47628784179688,59.46566371970234],[-136.46804809570312,59.28552611855346],[-136.49620056152344,59.27465233689575],[-136.4900207519531,59.26096748461385],[-136.5840911865234,59.166075318301345],[-136.8285369873047,59.16009179641602],[-136.8793487548828,59.13544273484683],[-137.28240966796875,59.0009698708429],[-137.449951171875,58.908900972391415],[-137.52548217773438,58.906418795609426],[-137.5000762939453,58.985760051467075],[-137.54127502441406,59.10478272378236],[-137.60787963867188,59.24376590151355],[-138.62617492675778,59.76746035005358],[-138.66600036621094,59.80961318716828],[-138.6797332763672,59.84481485969105],[-138.70582580566406,59.90650046741583],[-139.05258178710938,59.994179105518434],[-139.19952392578125,60.08950200748712],[-139.0711212158203,60.3187885497516],[-139.07386779785156,60.35243208301854],[-139.69253540039062,60.33544473468298],[-139.97955322265625,60.181818669034776],[-140.4595184326172,60.30858669066228],[-140.5199432373047,60.22003701633967],[-141.00128173828125,60.3058656567224],[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579],[-173.155517578125,60.69469537287745],[-173.15277099609375,60.64356945377967],[-173.08135986328125,60.61123754937553],[-173.04016113281247,60.58157148491742],[-173.08135986328125,60.53972302275651],[-173.089599609375,60.511343283202464],[-173.05938720703125,60.4788788301667],[-172.98248291015625,60.468050120874615],[-172.94677734374997,60.43689744859958],[-172.8424072265625,60.403001945865476],[-172.78472900390625,60.373144671593685],[-172.7105712890625,60.329667021005825],[-172.6611328125,60.3187885497516],[-172.5897216796875,60.309266913738156],[-172.49908447265625,60.31606836555203],[-172.4139404296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.35076904296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.30682373046872,60.29021531318375],[-172.2381591796875,60.29021531318375],[-172.17498779296875,60.30518536282736],[-172.2381591796875,60.333745513303114],[-172.34527587890625,60.378575303227215],[-172.364501953125,60.40164539086417],[-172.43041992187497,60.40571488624096],[-172.4798583984375,60.39757538658664],[-172.57598876953125,60.41249624776229],[-172.6556396484375,60.43689744859958],[-172.77374267578122,60.4788788301667],[-172.83416748046875,60.50052541051131],[-172.89459228515625,60.550527811064846],[-172.8863525390625,60.588316165776824],[-172.91656494140625,60.62606036274505],[-172.98797607421875,60.658377412327326],[-173.01544189453125,60.69469537287745],[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385],[-171.793212890625,63.82128765261384],[-171.80419921875,63.73147780336167],[-171.8426513671875,63.65601144183318],[-171.8865966796875,63.54365806976644],[-171.859130859375,63.42594585479083],[-171.7877197265625,63.34966546248425],[-171.62841796875,63.32501562217765],[-171.474609375,63.28306240110864],[-171.353759765625,63.29540792564745],[-171.2548828125,63.33980806067484],[-171.1395263671875,63.38413977217118],[-171.002197265625,63.389061297647125],[-170.760498046875,63.34966546248425],[-170.57373046875,63.32501562217765],[-170.41992187499997,63.27812271092345],[-170.343017578125,63.1989725264735],[-170.3594970703125,63.156835740093236],[-170.2496337890625,63.156835740093236],[-170.145263671875,63.156835740093236],[-170.0408935546875,63.14194929585152],[-169.9090576171875,63.087300267152735],[-169.8321533203125,63.03753005973634],[-169.7991943359375,62.990169510232555],[-169.8101806640625,62.95522304515911],[-169.74975585937497,62.922735326966595],[-169.617919921875,62.91523303947614],[-169.54650878906247,62.9502272814474],[-169.4915771484375,62.97270150065472],[-169.508056640625,62.99765260346662],[-169.4970703125,63.04251090966805],[-169.43664550781247,63.08978654472616],[-169.34326171874997,63.11712157280328],[-169.178466796875,63.13946747896222],[-169.1070556640625,63.14443090047572],[-168.958740234375,63.104699747121074],[-168.760986328125,63.112153479825004],[-168.67309570312497,63.203925767041305],[-168.662109375,63.26576978358972],[-168.7115478515625,63.3348780927218],[-168.92578125,63.366907787681754],[-169.07958984374997,63.366907787681754],[-169.25537109375,63.37183226679281],[-169.420166015625,63.376755901872734],[-169.5245361328125,63.389061297647125],[-169.6124267578125,63.43331707559086],[-169.705810546875,63.46278300222105],[-169.8211669921875,63.46523712749102],[-169.947509765625,63.48976680530999],[-170.0079345703125,63.59011870211632],[-170.0958251953125,63.658448979940175],[-170.2386474609375,63.704722429433225],[-170.4638671875,63.73390885572919],[-170.5902099609375,63.721751503619956],[-170.7659912109375,63.6779417467744],[-171.2164306640625,63.648697570849286],[-171.474609375,63.6779417467744],[-171.54052734375,63.75334975181205],[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725],[-170.3155517578125,57.043718234032625],[-170.22216796875,57.119841130872615],[-170.1947021484375,57.14518072479997],[-170.11505126953125,57.18985535714817],[-170.08209228515625,57.227042992549855],[-170.07110595703125,57.271618718194446],[-170.189208984375,57.23893512461504],[-170.2386474609375,57.22852971878346],[-170.32928466796875,57.22852971878346],[-170.3704833984375,57.22406936030381],[-170.49407958984375,57.20473490715757],[-170.41992187499997,57.12878649751151],[-170.364990234375,57.11387635258491],[-170.42266845703125,57.06910989239133],[-170.46112060546875,57.033257797376066],[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147],[-169.8211669921875,56.60486209416893],[-169.7991943359375,56.586716786451156],[-169.71405029296875,56.565536245992064],[-169.71405029296875,56.551913918713375],[-169.63165283203125,56.51707901932375],[-169.56024169921875,56.515563731608296],[-169.5025634765625,56.553427752820355],[-169.43115234375,56.58369172128337],[-169.43664550781247,56.626020608371924],[-169.56024169921875,56.63055303322322],[-169.6783447265625,56.62450967912138],[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147]]]}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63be50","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Snyder, Elisabeth F.","contributorId":40616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Elisabeth F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":879757,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":34186,"text":"b1851 - 1988 - A statistical analysis of chemical and mineralogic data from the Tertiary Kootznahoo Formation in southeastern Alaska, with emphasis on uranium and thorium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:25","indexId":"b1851","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1851","title":"A statistical analysis of chemical and mineralogic data from the Tertiary Kootznahoo Formation in southeastern Alaska, with emphasis on uranium and thorium","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b1851","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, K.A., and Pierson, C.T., 1988, A statistical analysis of chemical and mineralogic data from the Tertiary Kootznahoo Formation in southeastern Alaska, with emphasis on uranium and thorium: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1851, iv, 19 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1851.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1851/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62090,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1851/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a62f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, Kendell A.","contributorId":55430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Kendell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierson, Charles Thomas","contributorId":13216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}