{"pageNumber":"274","pageRowStart":"6825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":22018,"text":"ofr99585 - 1999 - Physical, chemical, and isotopic data for samples from the Anderson Springs area, Lake County, California, 1998-1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T12:55:31.410278","indexId":"ofr99585","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-585","title":"Physical, chemical, and isotopic data for samples from the Anderson Springs area, Lake County, California, 1998-1999","docAbstract":"<p>Anderson Springs is located about 90 miles (145 kilometers) north of San Francisco, California, in the southwestern part of Lake County. The area was first developed in the late 1800s as a health resort, which was active until the 1930s. In the rugged hills to the south of the resort were four small mercury mines of the eastern Mayacmas quicksilver district. About 1,260 flasks of mercury were produced from these mines between 1909 and 1943. In the 1970s, the high-elevation areas surrounding Anderson Springs became part of The Geysers geothermal field. Today, several electric powerplants are located on the ridges above Anderson Springs, utilizing steam produced from a 240°C vapor-dominated reservoir.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The primary purpose of this report is to provide physical, chemical, and isotopic data on samples collected in the Anderson Springs area during 1998 and 1999, in response to a Freedom of Information Act request. In July 1998, drainage from the Schwartz adit of the abandoned Anderson mercury mine increased substantially over a 2-day period, transporting a slurry of water and precipitates down a tributary and into Anderson Creek. In August 1998, J.J. Rytuba and coworkers sampled the Schwartz adit drainage and water from the Anderson Springs Hot Spring for base metal and methylmercury analysis. They measured a maximum temperature (Tm) of 85°C in the Hot Spring. Published records show that the temperature of the Anderson Springs Hot Spring (main spring) was 63°C in 1889, 42–52°C from 1974 through 1991, and 77°C in March 1995. To investigate possible changes in thermal spring activity and to collect additional samples for geochemical analysis, C.J. Janik and coworkers returned to the area in September and December 1998. They determined that a cluster of springs adjacent to the main spring had Tm=98°C, and they observed that a new area of boiling vents and small fumaroles (Tm=99.3°C) had formed in an adjacent gully about 20 meters to the north of the main spring.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>During August–October 1999, several field trips were conducted in the vicinity of Anderson Springs to continue monitoring and sampling the thermal manifestations. The new fumarolic area had increased in temperature and in discharge intensity since 1998, and a zone of dead trees had developed on the steep bank directly west of the fumaroles. Ground temperatures and diffuse flow of CO2 flow through soils were measured in the area surrounding the main spring and new fumaroles and in the zone of tree-kill.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99585","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Janik, C.J., Goff, F., Sorey, M., Rytuba, J.J., Counce, D., Colvard, E., Huebner, M., White, L.D., and Foster, A., 1999, Physical, chemical, and isotopic data for samples from the Anderson Springs area, Lake County, California, 1998-1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-585, Report: 27 p.,Tables 1-5, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99585.","productDescription":"Report: 27 p.,Tables 1-5","numberOfPages":"28","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":51486,"rank":8,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0585/pdf/of99-585.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1189,"rank":7,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0585/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285084,"rank":6,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr99585.jpg"},{"id":285081,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0585/table_3.xls"},{"id":285082,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0585/table_4.xls"},{"id":285083,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0585/table_5.xls"},{"id":285080,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0585/table_2.xls"},{"id":153012,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0585/table_1.xls"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Lake County","city":"Anderson Springs","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.70991,38.764934 ], [ -122.70991,38.784975 ], [ -122.686993,38.784975 ], [ -122.686993,38.764934 ], [ -122.70991,38.764934 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janik, C. J.","contributorId":10795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janik","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goff, F.","contributorId":53408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rytuba, J. J.","contributorId":83082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Counce, D.","contributorId":36165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counce","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Colvard, E.M.","contributorId":83553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvard","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huebner, M.","contributorId":95497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huebner","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Foster, A.","contributorId":46977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":32304,"text":"ofr99178 - 1999 - Water-level altitudes 1999, water-level changes 1977-99 and 1998-99, and compaction 1973-98 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers: Houston-Galveston region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T22:33:30.728474","indexId":"ofr99178","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-178","title":"Water-level altitudes 1999, water-level changes 1977-99 and 1998-99, and compaction 1973-98 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers: Houston-Galveston region, Texas","docAbstract":"<p><span>This report is one in an annual series of reports that depicts water-level altitudes and water-level changes since 1977 and compaction since 1973 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas. The report, prepared in cooperation with the City of Houston and the Harris-Galveston Coastal Subsidence District, presents maps for the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers showing the approximate water-level altitudes in wells in 1999 and approximate water-level changes in wells from 1977 to 1999 and from 1998 to 1999, a map showing extensometer site locations, and graphs showing measured&nbsp;compaction of subsurface material at selected sites from 1973 to 1998.&nbsp;The most recent previously published water-level-altitude maps and water-level-change maps for the two aquifers in the region are by Coplin (1998).&nbsp;The&nbsp;Houston-Galveston region comprises Harris and Galveston Counties and adjacent parts of Brazoria, Fort Bend, Waller, Montgomery, Liberty, and Chambers Counties.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99178","usgsCitation":"Coplin, L., Santos, H.X., and East, J.W., 1999, Water-level altitudes 1999, water-level changes 1977-99 and 1998-99, and compaction 1973-98 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers: Houston-Galveston region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-178, 8 Plates: 21.00 × 17.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99178.","productDescription":"8 Plates: 21.00 × 17.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":19702,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0178/plate-2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 2"},{"id":19706,"rank":405,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0178/plate-6.pdf","text":"Sheet 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 6"},{"id":19705,"rank":404,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0178/plate-5.pdf","text":"Sheet 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 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Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19498.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":19703,"rank":402,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0178/plate-3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 3"},{"id":163673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Galveston, Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.3505859375,\n              29.554345125748267\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.52636718749999,\n              30.031055426540206\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7021484375,\n              30.29701788337205\n        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X.","contributorId":69611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santos","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"East, J. W.","contributorId":99186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":21916,"text":"ofr99432 - 1999 - Lithostratigraphy, geophysics, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-18T19:01:23.607024","indexId":"ofr99432","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-432","title":"Lithostratigraphy, geophysics, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, Florida","docAbstract":"In 1997, ten cores were drilled in eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, within the limits of the Big Cypress National Preserve. These cores represent a continuation of the study of seven cores in western Collier County begun in 1996 and reported in Weedman and others (1997) and Edwards and others (1998). This joint U.S. Geological Survey and Florida Geological Survey project is designed to acquire subsurface geologic and hydrologic data in southwest Florida to extend current ground-water models, thereby expanding the utility of these models for land and water management. In this report we describe the lithostratigraphy, geophysical logging, sedimentological analysis, dinocyst biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of these ten cores. \r\n\r\nThe three geophysical logs (natural gamma-ray, induction conductivity, and neutron porosity) assumed to be related to formation lithology and water quality show that a number of clay-rich zones are present in all of the boreholes, and that pore-water conductivity increases with depth. The clay-rich zones are confirmed by visual examination of core material and sedimentological analysis.\r\n\r\nThe relative transmissivity calculated at 10-foot-thick intervals shows that in six of the boreholes, high values are associated with the shallow aquifer in the 0-40 ft interval. Two of the boreholes (the most northerly and the most easterly) showed relatively higher values of transmissivity in permeable zones at or somewhat below 100 ft in depth. Core geology and logs indicate that the deeper aquifers are not more permeable than similar deeper zones in the other boreholes, but rather that the shallow aquifer appears to be less permeable in these two coreholes.\r\n\r\nThe Arcadia (?) Formation was only penetrated in the deepest core where it is late Miocene in age. The Peace River Formation was penetrated in all but the two westernmost cores. It yields a late Miocene age, based on both dinocysts and strontium-isotope stratigraphy. The top is an irregular surface. Age and stratigraphic relations suggest that the upper part of the Peace River and lower part of the unnamed formation are at least partially equivalent laterally.\r\n\r\nThe unnamed formation was recovered in every core. It is thinnest in the northernmost core and thickest to the west. Ages calculated from strontium isotopes range from 6.9 to 4.6 million years ago (late Miocene to early Pliocene). The top of the unnamed formation is deepest to the north and it becomes shallower to the southwest.\r\n\r\nThe Tamiami Formation also was recovered in every core and consistently yields early Pliocene ages; it yields late Pliocene ages near the top in two cores. The age and lateral relations strongly suggest that the lower part of the Tamiami Formation and the upper part of the unnamed formation are lateral facies of each other.\r\n\r\nThe Fort Thompson (?) Formation, Miami Limestone, and undifferentiated siliciclastic sediments and limestone at the very top of the cores were not dated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99432","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Weedman, S., Paillet, F.L., Edwards, L.E., Simmons, K.R., Scott, T., Wardlaw, B.R., Reese, R., and Blair, J., 1999, Lithostratigraphy, geophysics, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-432, 125 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99432.","productDescription":"125 p.","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1275,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-432/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155273,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":482192,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-432/of99-432.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Collier County, Monroe County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.9854736328125,\n              25.530050090109015\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.958251953125,\n              25.530050090109015\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.958251953125,\n              26.58607100679426\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9854736328125,\n              26.58607100679426\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9854736328125,\n              25.530050090109015\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635f8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weedman, S.D.","contributorId":23961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weedman","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simmons, K. R.","contributorId":68771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scott, T.M.","contributorId":66694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wardlaw, B. R.","contributorId":9269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardlaw","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reese, R.S.","contributorId":17644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blair, J. L.","contributorId":55857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blair","given":"J.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":27316,"text":"wri994090 - 1999 - Ground-water occurrence and contribution to streamflow, northeast Maui, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-11T20:50:49.285478","indexId":"wri994090","displayToPublicDate":"2000-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4090","displayTitle":"Ground-Water Occurrence and Contribution to Streamflow, Northeast Maui, Hawaii","title":"Ground-water occurrence and contribution to streamflow, northeast Maui, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p>The study area lies on the northern flank of theEast Maui Volcano (Haleakala) and covers about129 square miles between the drainage basins ofMaliko Gulch to the west and Makapipi Stream tothe east. About 989 million gallons per day of rain-fall and 176 million gallons per day of fog dripreaches the study area and about 529million gal-lons per day enters the ground-water system asrecharge. Average annual ground-water with-drawal from wells totals only about 3 million gal-lons per day; proposed (as of 1998) additionalwithdrawals total about 18 million gallons per day.Additionally, tunnels and ditches of an extensiveirrigation network directly intercept at least 10 mil-lion gallons per day of ground water.The total amount of average annual stream-flow in gaged stream subbasins upstream of 1,300feet altitude is about 255 million gallons per dayand the total amount of average annual base flow isabout 62 million gallons per day. Six major sur-face-water diversion systems in the study area havediverted an average of 163 million gallons per dayof streamflow (including nearly all base flow ofdiverted streams) for irrigation and domestic sup-ply in central Maui during 1925–97.Fresh ground water is found in two mainforms. West of Keanae Valley, ground-water flowappears to be dominated by a variably saturatedsystem. A saturated zone in the uppermost rockunit, the Kula Volcanics, is separated from a fresh-water lens near sea level by an unsaturated zone inthe underlying Honomanu Basalt. East of KeanaeValley, the ground-water system appears to befully saturated above sea level to altitudes greaterthan 2,000 feet.</p><p>The total average annual streamflow of gagedstreams west of Keanae Valley is about 140 milliongallons per day at 1,200 feet to 1,300 feet altitude.It is not possible to estimate the total averageannual streamflow at the coast. All of the base flowmeasured in the study area west of Keanae Valleyrepresents ground-water discharge from the high-elevation saturated zone. Total average dailyground-water discharge from the high-elevationsaturated zone upstream of 1,200 feet altitude isgreater than 38 million gallons per day, all of whichis eventually removed from the streams by surface-water diversion systems. Perennial streamflow hasbeen measured at altitudes greater than 3,000 feetin several of the streams. Discharge from the high-elevation saturated zone is persistent even duringperiods of little rainfall.</p><p>The total average annual streamflow of the gaged streams east of Keanae Valley is about 109million gallons per day at about 1,300 feet altitude. It is not possible to estimate the total average annual streamflow at the coast nor at higher altitudes. All of the base flow measured east of Keanae Valley represents ground-water discharge from the vertically extensive freshwater-lens system. Total average daily ground-water discharge to gaged streams upstream of 1,200 feet altitude is about 27million gallons per day. About 19 million gallons per day of ground water discharges through the Kula and Hana Volcanics between about 500 feet and 1,300 feet altitude in the gaged stream sub-basins. About 13 million gallons per day of this discharge is in Hanawi Stream. The total ground-water discharge above 500 feet altitude in this part of the study area is greater than 56 million gallons per day.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994090","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the County of Maui Department of Water Supply and the State of Hawaii Commission on Water Resource Management","usgsCitation":"Gingerich, S.B., 1999, Ground-water occurrence and contribution to streamflow, northeast Maui, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4090, vi, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994090.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126691,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_99_4090.jpg"},{"id":13741,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri99-4090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":415603,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23293.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Maui","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.092,\n              20.942\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.092,\n              20.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.258,\n              20.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.258,\n              20.942\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.092,\n              20.942\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f0e4b07f02db5edf14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gingerich, Stephen B. 0000-0002-4381-0746 sbginger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-0746","contributorId":1426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"Stephen","email":"sbginger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":67153,"text":"i2634 - 1999 - Geologic map of the Sedan quadangle, Gallatin and Park Counties, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-06T20:59:08.856533","indexId":"i2634","displayToPublicDate":"2000-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2634","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Geologic map of the Sedan quadangle, Gallatin and Park Counties, Montana","docAbstract":"This quadrangle lies 6.4 km (4 mi) northeast of Bozeman, Mont., in southwestern Montana.  Metamorphic, sedimentary, and volcanic rocks of Precambrian to Tertiary age are exposed in the Bridger Range and southwestern margin of the Crazy Mountains Basin in a crustal cross section and a structural triangle zone.  Surface geology records Precambrian extension, Late Paleocene east-vergent contraction, including backthrusts, and Holocene basin-range extension.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2634","usgsCitation":"Skipp, B., Lageson, D., and McMannis, W.J., 1999, Geologic map of the Sedan quadangle, Gallatin and Park Counties, Montana (Version 2.1): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2634, 1 Plate: 58.17 × 41.00 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2634.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 58.17 × 41.00 inches; Downloads Directory","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6123,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2634/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":109901,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23269.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"23269"}],"scale":"48000","projection":"Polyconic","country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Gallatin County, Park County","otherGeospatial":"Sedan quadangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111,\n              46\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.75,\n              46\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.75,\n              45.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -111,\n              45.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -111,\n              46\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 2.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8444","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skipp, Betty","contributorId":51268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skipp","given":"Betty","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lageson, D. R.","contributorId":51534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lageson","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McMannis, W. J.","contributorId":59291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMannis","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":23247,"text":"ofr99422 - 1999 - Geographic information systems (GIS) compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the circum-North Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-21T21:34:44.983507","indexId":"ofr99422","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-422","title":"Geographic information systems (GIS) compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the circum-North Pacific","docAbstract":"<p>The accompanying directory structure contains a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) compilation of geophysical, geological, and tectonic data for the Circum-North Pacific. This area includes the Russian Far East, Alaska, the Canadian Cordillera, linking continental shelves, and adjacent oceans. This GIS compilation extends from 120°E to 115°W, and from 40°N to 80°N. This area encompasses: (1) to the south, the modern Pacific plate boundary of the Japan-Kuril and Aleutian subduction zones, the Queen Charlotte transform fault, and the Cascadia subduction zone; (2) to the north, the continent-ocean transition from the Eurasian and North American continents to the Arctic Ocean; (3) to the west, the diffuse Eurasian-North American plate boundary, including the probable Okhotsk plate; and (4) to the east, the Alaskan-Canadian Cordilleran fold belt. This compilation should be useful for: (1) studying the Mesozoic and Cenozoic collisional and accretionary tectonics that assembled this continental crust of this region; (2) studying the neotectonics of active and passive plate margins in this region; and (3) constructing and interpreting geophysical, geologic, and tectonic models of the region. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) programs provide powerful tools for managing and analyzing spatial databases. Geological applications include regional tectonics, geophysics, mineral and petroleum exploration, resource management, and land-use planning. This CD-ROM contains thematic layers of spatial data-sets for geology, gravity field, magnetic field, oceanic plates, overlap assemblages, seismology (earthquakes), tectonostratigraphic terranes, topography, and volcanoes. The GIS compilation can be viewed, manipulated, and plotted with commercial software (ArcView and ArcInfo) or through a freeware program (ArcExplorer) that can be downloaded from http://www.esri.com for both Unix and Windows computers using the button below.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99422","issn":"0094-9140","isbn":"0607936231","usgsCitation":"Greninger, M.L., Klemperer, S.L., and Nokleberg, W.J., 1999, Geographic information systems (GIS) compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the circum-North Pacific (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-422, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99422.","productDescription":"42 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":390792,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_72189.htm"},{"id":1397,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-422/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"North Pacific","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a90ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greninger, Mark L.","contributorId":72816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greninger","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klemperer, Simon L.","contributorId":106929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klemperer","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":189727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":23026,"text":"ofr99537 - 1999 - Analytical results for 35 mine-waste tailings cores and six bed sediment samples, and an estimate of the volume of contaminated materials at Buckeye meadow on upper Basin Creek, northern Jefferson County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-26T19:43:02","indexId":"ofr99537","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-537","displayTitle":"Analytical Results for 35 Mine-Waste Tailings Cores and Six Bed-Sediment Samples, and An Estimate of the Volume of Contaminated Material at Buckeye Meadow on Upper Basin Creek, Northern Jefferson County, Montana","title":"Analytical results for 35 mine-waste tailings cores and six bed sediment samples, and an estimate of the volume of contaminated materials at Buckeye meadow on upper Basin Creek, northern Jefferson County, Montana","docAbstract":"<p>Metal-mining related wastes in the Boulder River basin study area in northern Jefferson County, Montana have been implicated in their detrimental effects on water quality with regard to acid-generation and toxic-metal solubilization. Flotation-mill tailings in the meadow below the Buckeye mine, hereafter referred to as the Buckeye mill-tailings site, have been identified as significant contributors to water quality degradation of Basin Creek, Montana. Basin Creek is one of three tributaries to the Boulder River in the study area; bed sediments and waters draining from the Buckeye mine have also been implicated. Geochemical analysis of 35 tailings cores and six bed-sediment samples was undertaken to determine the concentrations of Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Pb,and Zn present in these materials. These elements are environmentally significant, in that they can be toxic to fish and/or the invertebrate organisms that constitute their food. A suite of one-inch cores of dispersed flotation-mill tailings and underlying premining material was taken from a large, flat area north of Basin Creek near the site of the Buckeye mine. Thirty-five core samples were taken and divided into 204 subsamples. The samples were analyzed by ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy) using a mixed-acid digestion. Results of the core analyses show that the elements listed above are present at moderate to very high concentrations (arsenic to 63,000 ppm, silver to 290 ppm, cadmium to 370 ppm, copper to 4,800 ppm, lead to 93,000 ppm, and zinc to 23,000 ppm). Volume calculations indicate that an estimated 8,400 metric tons of contaminated material are present at the site. Six bed-sediment samples were also subjected to the mixed-acid total digestion, and a warm (50°C) 2M HCl-1% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> leach and analyzed by ICP-AES. Results indicate that bed sediments of Basin Creek are only slightly impacted by past mining above the Buckeye-Enterprise complex, moderately impacted at the upper (eastern) end of the tailings area, and heavily impacted at the lower (western) end of the area and downstream. The metals are mostly contained in the 2M HCl-1% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> leachable phase, which are the hydrous amorphous iron- and manganese-hydroxide coatings on detrital sediment particles.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr99537","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Fey, D.L., Church, S.E., and Finney, C.J., 1999, Analytical results for 35 mine-waste tailings cores and six bed sediment samples, and an estimate of the volume of contaminated materials at Buckeye meadow on upper Basin Creek, northern Jefferson County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-537, Report: 59 p.; 5 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99537.","productDescription":"Report: 59 p.; 5 Tables","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340624,"rank":7,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0537/ofr19990537_table8.xls","text":"Table 8","size":"16.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 8","linkHelpText":"-  Total-digestion from residues following 2M HCl-1%H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> leach of bed-sediment samples near Buckeye flotation tailings, upper Basin Creek, Montana"},{"id":340620,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0537/ofr19990537_table4.xls","text":"Table 4","size":"46 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 4","linkHelpText":"- Field Numbers, depths to midpoints of intervals, and interval sample descriptions for cores from Buckeye flotation tailings, upper Basin Creek, Montana"},{"id":341919,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0537/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":340623,"rank":6,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0537/ofr19990537_table7.xls","text":"Table 7","size":"16.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 7","linkHelpText":"- Partial-digestion (2M HCl-1% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) concentration data from bed-sediment samples near Buckeye flotation tailings, upper Basin Creek, Montana"},{"id":340622,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0537/ofr19990537_table6.xls","text":"Table 6","size":"16.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 6","linkHelpText":"- Total-digestion concentration data from bed-sediment samples near Buckeye flotation tailings, upper Basin Creek, Montana"},{"id":52407,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0537/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.87 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":155319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0537/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":340621,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0537/ofr19990537_table5.xls","text":"Table 5","size":"77.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 5","linkHelpText":"- Concentration data for total digestions of tailings core samples by ICP-AES, upper Basin Creek, Montana"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Basin Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.4066162109375,\n              46.34313560260196\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.79412841796875,\n              46.34313560260196\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.79412841796875,\n              46.5720787149159\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.4066162109375,\n              46.5720787149159\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.4066162109375,\n              46.34313560260196\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_co@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_co@usgs.gov\">Center Director</a>, <a href=\"https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/\" data-mce-href=\"https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/\">Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey<br>Box 25046, Mail Stop 973<br> Denver, CO 80225</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods of Study</li><li>Site Descriptions</li><li>Discussion of Results</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Discussion of Results in Tables A1 Through A6</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67caac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Church, Stan E. schurch@usgs.gov","contributorId":803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"Stan","email":"schurch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finney, Christopher J.","contributorId":61853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finney","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27026,"text":"wri984217 - 1999 - Magmatic carbon dioxide emissions at Mammoth Mountain, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-30T14:18:49.843552","indexId":"wri984217","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4217","title":"Magmatic carbon dioxide emissions at Mammoth Mountain, California","docAbstract":"<p>Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) of magmatic origin is seeping out of the ground in unusual quantities at several locations around the flanks of Mammoth Mountain, a dormant volcano in Eastern California. The most recent volcanic activity on Mammoth Mountain was steam eruptions about 600 years ago, but seismic swarms and long-period earthquakes over the past decade are evidence of an active magmatic system at depth. The CO<sub>2</sub> emission probably began in 1990 but was not recognized until 1994. Seismic swarms and minor ground deformation during 1989, believed to be results of a shallow intrusion of magma beneath Mammoth Mountain, probably triggered the release of C0<sub>1</sub>, which persists in 1998.</p><p>The CO<sub>2</sub> gas is at ambient temperatures and emanates diffusely from the soil surface rather than flowing from distinct vents. The CO<sub>2</sub> has collected in the soil by displacing air in the pore spaces and reaches concentrations of greater than 95 percent by volume in places. The total area affected by high CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations and high CO<sub>2</sub> flux from the soil surface was estimated at 60 hectares in 1997. Coniferous forest covering about 40 hectares has been killed by high CO<sub>2</sub>, concentrations in the root zone.</p><p>In more than 300 soil-gas samples collected from depths of 0.5 to 2 m in 1995, CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations ranged from background levels (less than 1 percent) to greater than 95 percent by volume. At 250 locations, CO<sub>2</sub> flux was measured using a closed chamber in 1996; values, in grams per square meter per day, ranged from background (less than 25) to more than 30,000. On the basis of these data, the total emission of magmatic CO<sub>2</sub>, in 1996 is estimated to be about 530 megagrams per day.</p><p>Concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub>, exceeding Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards have been measured in pits dug in soil and snow, in poorly ventilated buildings, and in below-ground valve-boxes around Mammoth Mountain. CO<sub>2</sub>, concentrations greater than 10 percent in poorly ventilated spaces are not uncommon on some parts of Mammoth Mountain. Humans and other animals exposed to CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations greater than 10 percent could lose consciousness and die rapidly. With knowledge of the problem and reasonable caution, however, the health hazard to humans can be avoided.</p><p>As noted earlier, the CO<sub>2</sub> emission is related to magmatic activity at depth, but at present (1998) it does not portend an imminent volcanic eruption.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984217","usgsCitation":"Farrar, C.D., Neil, J.M., and Howle, J.F., 1999, Magmatic carbon dioxide emissions at Mammoth Mountain, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4217, Report: iv, 34 p.; 1 Plate: 39.34 x 34.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984217.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 34 p.; 1 Plate: 39.34 x 34.82 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431613,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4217/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":2189,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri98-4217/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":270605,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4217/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158571,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4217/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mammoth Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.25659179687499,\n              37.42252593456307\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.564453125,\n              37.42252593456307\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.564453125,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.25659179687499,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.25659179687499,\n              37.42252593456307\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db649224","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farrar, Christopher D. cdfarrar@usgs.gov","contributorId":1501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"Christopher","email":"cdfarrar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":197431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neil, John M.","contributorId":13957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neil","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howle, James F. 0000-0003-0491-6203 jfhowle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0491-6203","contributorId":2225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howle","given":"James","email":"jfhowle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":64638,"text":"i2669 - 1999 - Three-dimensional geologic maps of Quaternary sediments in east-central Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T21:15:49.423924","indexId":"i2669","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2669","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Three-dimensional geologic maps of Quaternary sediments in east-central Illinois","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2669","usgsCitation":"Soller, D.R., Price, S.D., Kempton, J.P., and Berg, R.C., 1999, Three-dimensional geologic maps of Quaternary sediments in east-central Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2669, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2669.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":109907,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23438.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"23438"},{"id":6080,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/i-maps/i-2669/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Illinois","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.377,\n              39.87\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.876,\n              39.87\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.876,\n              40.62\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.377,\n              40.62\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.377,\n              39.87\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b882","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soller, D. R.","contributorId":25923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Price, S. D.","contributorId":106576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kempton, J. P.","contributorId":67168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kempton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berg, R. C.","contributorId":11673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":28276,"text":"wri984267 - 1999 - Soil-calcium depletion linked to acid rain and forest growth in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-13T10:16:15","indexId":"wri984267","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4267","title":"Soil-calcium depletion linked to acid rain and forest growth in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Since the discovery of acid rain in the 1970's, scientists have been concerned that deposition of acids could cause depletion of calcium in forest soils. Research in the 1980's showed that the amount of calcium in forest soils is controlled by several factors that are difficult to measure. Further research in the 1990's, including several studies by the U.S. Geological Survey, has shown that (1) calcium in forest soils has decreased at locations in the northeastern and southeastern U.S., and (2) acid rain and forest growth (uptake of calcium from the soil by roots) are both factors contributing to calcium depletion. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri984267","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, G.B., and Huntington, T., 1999, Soil-calcium depletion linked to acid rain and forest growth in the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4267, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984267.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57096,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4267/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4267/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696cea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huntington, T.G. 0000-0002-9427-3530","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":64675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"T.G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":199516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27717,"text":"wri994008 - 1999 - Estimating the magnitude of peak flows for streams in Maine for selected recurrence intervals","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":27717,"text":"wri994008 - 1999 - Estimating the magnitude of peak flows for streams in Maine for selected recurrence intervals","indexId":"wri994008","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Estimating the Magnitude of Peak Flows for Streams in Maine for Selected Recurrence Intervals","title":"Estimating the magnitude of peak flows for streams in Maine for selected recurrence intervals"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70215422,"text":"sir20205092 - 2020 - Estimating flood magnitude and frequency on gaged and ungaged streams in Maine","indexId":"sir20205092","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating flood magnitude and frequency on gaged and ungaged streams in Maine"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70215422,"text":"sir20205092 - 2020 - Estimating flood magnitude and frequency on gaged and ungaged streams in Maine","indexId":"sir20205092","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating flood magnitude and frequency on gaged and ungaged streams in Maine"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-07T16:38:58.124541","indexId":"wri994008","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4008","displayTitle":"Estimating the Magnitude of Peak Flows for Streams in Maine for Selected Recurrence Intervals","title":"Estimating the magnitude of peak flows for streams in Maine for selected recurrence intervals","docAbstract":"This report gives estimates of, and presents techniques for estimating, the magnitude of peak flows for streams in Maine for recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500 years. A flowchart in this report guides the user to the appropriate estimates and (or) estimating techniques for a site on a specific stream. \r\n\r\nSection 1, 'Estimates of peak flows and maximum recorded flows at USGS streamflow-gaging stations,' contains peak-flow estimates and the maximum recorded flows at 98 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow-gaging stations. In the development of the peak-flow estimates at gaging stations, a new generalized skew coefficient was calculated for Maine. This single statewide value of 0.029 (with a standard error of prediction of 0.297) is more accurate for Maine than the national skew isoline map in Bulletin 17B of the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data. \r\n\r\nTwo techniques are presented to estimate the peak flows for ungaged, unregulated streams in rural drainage basins. These two techniques were developed using generalized least squares regression procedures at 70 USGS gaging stations in Maine and eastern New Hampshire. Section 2, 'Estimating peak flows for ungaged, unregulated streams in rural drainage basins,' uses the final explanatory variables of drainage area and basin wetlands. The average standard error of prediction for the 100-year peak flow regression equation in section 2 was 48.6 percent to -32.7 percent. Drainage area was the only explanatory variable used in section 3, 'Estimating peak flows for ungaged, unregulated streams in rural drainage basins - Simplified technique.' The average standard error of prediction for the 100-year peak flow regression equation in section 3 was 80.3 percent to -44.5 percent. \r\n\r\nSection 4 of the report describes techniques for estimating peak flows for ungaged sites on gaged, unregulated streams in rural drainage basins. Section 5, 'Estimating peak flows for ungaged, unregulated streams in urbanized drainage basins,' describes regression equations for use when a drainage basin is urbanized. These urban regression equations come from a previous USGS nationwide study. As stated in section 6, because peak flows on regulated streams are dependent on variable human actions, estimating peak flows at ungaged sites on regulated streams is beyond the scope of this report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994008","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Maine Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Hodgkins, G.A., 1999, Estimating the magnitude of peak flows for streams in Maine for selected recurrence intervals: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4008, Report: iv, 45 p.; Computer program, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994008.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 45 p.; Computer program","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481801,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr75292","text":"Superseded Publication:","linkHelpText":"A technique for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods in Maine(1975)"},{"id":124568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4008/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56561,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72,43 ], [ -72,48 ], [ -66.5,48 ], [ -66.5,43 ], [ -72,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc2df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24111,"text":"ofr99243 - 1999 - Stream and aquifer biology of south-central Texas — A literature review, 1973-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T20:30:11.944529","indexId":"ofr99243","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-243","title":"Stream and aquifer biology of south-central Texas — A literature review, 1973-97","docAbstract":"<p>This report summarizes in table format 32 aquatic vertebrate (primarily fish), 54 aquatic invertebrate, and 13 aquatic plant studies available for the area of the South-Central Texas study unit of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment. The studies, published mostly during 1973–97, pertain to the Guadalupe, San Antonio, and Nueces River Basins, the San Antonio-Nueces and Nueces-Rio Grande Coastal Basins, and the Edwards aquifer where it underlies the upper parts of the three river basins. The biology of the study-unit streams is determined mostly by the characteristics of the ecoregions they transect—the Edwards Plateau, Texas Blackland Prairies, East Central Texas Plains, Western Gulf Coastal Plain, and Southern Texas Plains.</p><p>About 20 percent of the previous fish and invertebrate studies and about 75 percent of the aquatic plant surveys have centered on Comal Springs in Comal County and San Marcos Springs in Hays County. Although several important studies are available for the San Antonio region, documentation of aquatic biology for the remainder of the study unit is relatively sparse. The streams in the study unit, particularly in the Edwards Plateau, support three dominant biological groups—fish, aquatic invertebrates, and plants. Potential threats to these organisms include impoundments and flood-control projects, siltation from erosion, ground-water pumping, recreational activities, wastewater discharge, and introduction of non-native species. More than 30 non-native fish, invertebrate, and plant species have been introduced into the region. Of the 19 aquatic species Federally listed as endangered or threatened in Texas, 8 are associated with springs and spring runs in the study unit. All of the endangered species in the study unit are associated with springs and spring runs.</p><p>A large number of endemic species in the study unit are associated with subterranean aquatic ecosystems, most likely a consequence of the unique proximity of the varied topographic and hydrologic conditions of the area and of the geological development of the Edwards aquifer. Ninety-one endemics, including 44 species found solely underground, are associated with the aquatic ecosystems (including springs) of the Edwards aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99243","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ourso, R.T., and Hornig, C., 1999, Stream and aquifer biology of south-central Texas — A literature review, 1973-97: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-243, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99243.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1772,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr99-243","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156342,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":392880,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22916.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -102.5,\n              27.567\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.617,\n              27.567\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.617,\n              30.183\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.5,\n              30.183\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.5,\n              27.567\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a51db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ourso, Robert T. 0000-0002-5952-8681 rtourso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5952-8681","contributorId":203207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ourso","given":"Robert","email":"rtourso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornig, C. E.","contributorId":100423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornig","given":"C. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22256,"text":"ofr9924 - 1999 - Volcano hazards in the Mount Jefferson region, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-20T14:19:38","indexId":"ofr9924","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-24","title":"Volcano hazards in the Mount Jefferson region, Oregon","docAbstract":"Mount Jefferson is a prominent feature of the landscape seen from highways east and west of the Cascades. Mount Jefferson (one of thirteen major volcanic centers in the Cascade Range) has erupted repeatedly for hundreds of thousands of years, with its last eruptive episode during the last major glaciation which culminated about 15,000 years ago. Geologic evidence shows that Mount Jefferson is capable of large explosive eruptions. The largest such eruption occurred between 35,000 and 100,000 years ago, and caused ash to fall as far away as the present-day town of Arco in southeast Idaho. Although there has not been an eruption at Mount Jefferson for some time, experience at explosive volcanoes elsewhere suggests that Mount Jefferson cannot be regarded as extinct. If Mount Jefferson erupts again, areas close to the eruptive vent will be severely affected, and even areas tens of kilometers (tens of miles) downstream along river valleys or hundreds of kilometers (hundreds of miles) downwind may be at risk. Numerous small volcanoes occupy the area between Mount Jefferson and Mount Hood to the north, and between Mount Jefferson and the Three Sisters region to the south. These small volcanoes tend not to pose the far-reaching hazards associated with Mount Jefferson, but are nonetheless locally important. A concern at Mount Jefferson, but not at the smaller volcanoes, is the possibility that small to- moderate sized landslides could occur even during periods of no volcanic activity. Such landslides may transform as they move into lahars (watery flows of rock, mud, and debris) that can inundate areas far downstream. The population at immediate risk in the Mount Jefferson region is small, but these residents as well as other people who visit the area for recreation and work purposes should be aware of the potential hazards. Probably the greatest concern in the Mount Jefferson region is the possibility that large lahars might enter reservoirs on either side of the volcano, namely, Detroit Lake to the west and Lake Billy Chinook to the east. Lahars entering these lakes could set up large waves that could overtop dams and possibly cause dam failure, with catastrophic effects downstream. Such events have very low probabilities but great potential consequences. This report describes the kinds of hazardous geologic events that have occurred in the Mount Jefferson area in the past and shows, in the accompanying volcano-hazards-zonation maps, which areas will likely be at risk when hazardous events occur again in the future.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9924","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Walder, J.S., Gardner, C.A., Conrey, R.M., Fisher, B.J., and Schilling, S.P., 1999, Volcano hazards in the Mount Jefferson region, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-24, Report: 14 p.; 2 Plates: 38 x 27 inches and 29.24 x 31.08 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9924.","productDescription":"Report: 14 p.; 2 Plates: 38 x 27 inches and 29.24 x 31.08 inches","numberOfPages":"18","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279257,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr9924.jpg"},{"id":1336,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0024/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51681,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0024/pdf/of1999-0024_plate1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":51682,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0024/pdf/of1999-0024_plate2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":51683,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0024/pdf/of1999-0024.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"1927 North American Datum","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range;Detroit Lake;Lake Billy Chinook;Mount Jefferson","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.65,39.85 ], [ -124.65,49.05 ], [ -116.41,49.05 ], [ -116.41,39.85 ], [ -124.65,39.85 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd7a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walder, Joseph S. jswalder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"Joseph","email":"jswalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Cynthia A. 0000-0002-6214-6182 cgardner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6214-6182","contributorId":1959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Cynthia","email":"cgardner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conrey, Richard M.","contributorId":41911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrey","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Bruce J.","contributorId":40293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schilling, Steven P.","contributorId":31081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":28099,"text":"wri994192 - 1999 - Floods of June 28-29, 1998 in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-22T09:29:22","indexId":"wri994192","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4192","displayTitle":"Floods of June 28-29, 1998 in Ohio","title":"Floods of June 28-29, 1998 in Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>During a 96-hour period extending from June 26 to June 30, 1998, a stalled frontal system produced a series of storms that dumped 10 inches or more of rain on parts of Ohio. The storms occurred at the end of a relatively wet month, resulting in flooding and widespread damage throughout much of central, east-central, and southeastern Ohio. Twenty-three Ohio counties were declared Federal and State disaster areas as a result of the storms and flooding with an estimated economic impact of nearly $178 million. Twelve storm or flood-related fatalities were reported. Flooding was most severe in the Ohio counties of Guernsey, Noble, and Washington, which lie roughly along a north-south line coincident with the band of heaviest rainfall. Some streams in those counties had peak streamflows with estimated recurrence intervals in excess of 100 years.</p><p>This report describes the meteorologic factors contributing to the floods and provides information on the resulting damages. Peak-streamflows, estimated recurrence intervals, and high-water elevation or stage data are reported for selected locations in the State.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994192","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G., 1999, Floods of June 28-29, 1998 in Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4192, iv, 22 p. :col. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994192.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. :col. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2152,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4192/wri19994192.pdf","text":"Report","size":"990 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1999-4192"},{"id":159011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4192/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_oh@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_oh@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/oki-water/\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/oki-water/\">Ohio Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>6460 Busch Blvd. <br>Columbus, OH 43229</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Meteorology Associated With the Flood</li><li>General Description of the Flood</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfa4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":49817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32227,"text":"ofr99374 - 1999 - Plutons and accretionary episodes of the Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-16T11:11:01.639079","indexId":"ofr99374","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-374","title":"Plutons and accretionary episodes of the Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>The Klamath Mountains consist of various accreted terranes and include many plutons that range in composition from gabbro to granodiorite. Some of the plutons (preaccretionary plutons) were parts of terranes before the terranes accreted; others (accretionary plutons) intruded during or after the accretion of their host terrane(s). This report attempts to (1) graphically illustrate how the Klamath Mountains grew by the accretion of allochthonous oceanic terranes during early Paleozoic to Cretaceous times, (2) identify the plutons as either preaccretionary or accretionary, and (3) genetically relate the plutonic intrusions to specific accretionary episodes.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The eight accretionary episodes portrayed in this report are similar to those shown by Irwin and Mankinen (1998) who briefly described the basis for the timing of the episodes and who illustrated the ~110 degrees of clockwise rotation of the Klamath Mountains since Early Devonian time. Each episode is named for the accreting terrane. In all episodes (Figs. 1-8), the heavy black line represents a fault that separates the accreting oceanic rocks on the left from earlier accreted terranes on the right. The preaccretionary plutons are shown within the accreting oceanic crustal rocks to the left of the heavy black line, and the accretionary plutons in most instances are shown intruding previously accreted terranes to the right. Episodes earlier than the Central Metamorphic episode (Fig. 1), and that may have been important in the formation of the early Paleozoic nucleous of the province (the Eastern Klamath terrane), are not known. The 'Present Time' distribution of the accreted terranes and plutons is shown at a large scale in Figure 9.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The schematic vertical section (Fig. 10) depicts the terranes as a stack of horizontal slabs that include or are intruded by vertical plutons. Note that at their base the ~170 Ma preaccretionary plutons of the Western Hayfork subterrane are truncated by the ~164 Ma Salt Creek accretionary fault, the ~160 Ma accretionary plutons are truncated by the ~150 Ma Bear Wallow accretionary fault, and the ~150 Ma accretionary plutons (and questionably the Grants Pass ~139 Ma accretionary pluton) are truncated by the ~120 Ma South Fork fault.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99374","usgsCitation":"Irwin, W., and Wooden, J., 1999, Plutons and accretionary episodes of the Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-374, Report: 53.80 x 31.20 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99374.","productDescription":"Report: 53.80 x 31.20 inches","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163121,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr99374.gif"},{"id":3191,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0374/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284927,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0374/pdf/of99-374.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.2997,40.7 ], [ -124.2997,42.72 ], [ -122.4,42.72 ], [ -122.4,40.7 ], [ -124.2997,40.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6bb6e4b0b29085104186","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, William P.","contributorId":12889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"William P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22605,"text":"ofr99399 - 1999 - Geometry, structure, and concealed lithology of the San Rafael Basin, southeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T15:57:41.65603","indexId":"ofr99399","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-399","title":"Geometry, structure, and concealed lithology of the San Rafael Basin, southeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"The contiguous United States has been well explored for exposed conventional mineral deposits. Therefore, it is likely that many economically viable and strategically significant conventional undiscovered mineral deposits will be found in bedrock concealed beneath basin sediments. Mineral resource assessments must incorporate an understanding of the geometry, structure, and concealed lithology of basins in order to be accurate. This report presents an analysis of the basin geometry and structure of the San Rafael basin in southeastern Arizona. In addition, a new methodology for inferring concealed lithology is presented and applied in the San Rafael basin.\n\nGravity data is used to model the geometry of the basin using recent models of sediment density vs. depth developed in the region. This modeling indicates that the basin has a maximum depth of approximately 1.05 km plus or minus 0.10 km. In the southern portion, the basin can be modeled as an asymmetric graben faulted on the western margin. The northern portion of the basin is structurally more complex and may have high angle faults on the western, northern, and eastern margin. Near-ground closely spaced Earth’s total intensity magnetic field data is used to locate concealed faults within the basin. This data is also used to infer lithology concealed by shallow basin sediments. Airborne Earth’s total intensity magnetic field data is used to help infer concealed lithology in deep portions of the basin. The product of integrating all data and interpretations is a map which presents the geometry of the basin, faults and contacts concealed by basin sediments, and an estimate of the bedrock lithology concealed by basin sediment.\n\nBased on basin geometry and concealed lithology, the San Rafael basin has a high potential for concealed mineral deposits on its western and northern margin. In particular, a newly discovered magnetic anomaly in the northern portion of the basin can be modeled as a granitic intrusion with highly altered margins and may represent a potential mineral resource target. Based on the permeability and porosity of upper basin fill found in nearby basins, the San Rafael basin may contain an aquifer up to 300 meters thick over a substantial area of the basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99399","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Bultman, M.W., 1999, Geometry, structure, and concealed lithology of the San Rafael Basin, southeastern Arizona (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-399, HTML document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99399.","productDescription":"HTML document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr99399.jpg"},{"id":284960,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0399/intro.html"},{"id":1370,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0399/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"San Rafael Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.25,31.5 ], [ -111.25,32.0 ], [ -110.25,32.0 ], [ -110.25,31.5 ], [ -111.25,31.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5e9be4b0b290850fbcd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bultman, Mark W. 0000-0001-8352-101X mbultman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-101X","contributorId":3348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bultman","given":"Mark","email":"mbultman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":188556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5777,"text":"pp1423A - 1999 - The Midwestern Basins and Arches regional aquifer system in parts of Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois — Summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-15T20:15:20.579594","indexId":"pp1423A","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1423","chapter":"A","title":"The Midwestern Basins and Arches regional aquifer system in parts of Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois — Summary","docAbstract":"The Midwestern Basins and Arches aquifer system is composed of surficial deposits of Pleistocene and Holocene age and of Silurian and Devonian age carbonate rock in parts of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Ohio. The study area encompasses a complex of structural arches--the Cincinnati, Findlay, and Kankakee arches--and it is bounded on the east, north, and west by the Appalachian, Michigan, and Illinois basins, respectively. This report describes the hydrogeologic framework, hydrology, and geochemistry of the Midwestern Basins and Arches.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Regional aquifer-system analysis - Midwestern Basins and Arches","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1423A","usgsCitation":"Bugliosi, E.F., 1999, The Midwestern Basins and Arches regional aquifer system in parts of Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois — Summary: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1423, vii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1423A.","productDescription":"vii, 46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392963,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23173.htm"},{"id":32453,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1423a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1423a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.267,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.267,\n              42.47209690919285\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              42.47209690919285\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              38\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b8e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bugliosi, Edward F. ebuglios@usgs.gov","contributorId":1083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bugliosi","given":"Edward","email":"ebuglios@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":22622,"text":"ofr99380 - 1999 - Geophysical investigation of the nearshore geologic framework, eastern Casco Bay-Reid State Park, Maine: Data analysis and implications for Late Quaternary coastal evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-16T20:56:13.649983","indexId":"ofr99380","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-380","title":"Geophysical investigation of the nearshore geologic framework, eastern Casco Bay-Reid State Park, Maine: Data analysis and implications for Late Quaternary coastal evolution","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99380","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Buynevich, I., FitzGerald, D.M., and Parolski, K.F., 1999, Geophysical investigation of the nearshore geologic framework, eastern Casco Bay-Reid State Park, Maine: Data analysis and implications for Late Quaternary coastal evolution: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-380, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99380.","productDescription":"32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391765,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19729.htm"},{"id":52093,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0380/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0380/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Casco Bay-Reid State Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -69.903,\n              43.689\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.69,\n              43.689\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.69,\n              43.877\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.903,\n              43.877\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.903,\n              43.689\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c134","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buynevich, I. V.","contributorId":96292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buynevich","given":"I. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"FitzGerald, D. M.","contributorId":55038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"FitzGerald","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parolski, K. F.","contributorId":99173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parolski","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70260453,"text":"70260453 - 1999 - Evaluation of weights of evidence to predict epithermal-gold deposits in the Great Basin of the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-01T16:37:47.092931","indexId":"70260453","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T11:32:32","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of weights of evidence to predict epithermal-gold deposits in the Great Basin of the western United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>The weights-of-evidence method provides a simple approach to the integration of diverse geologic information. The application addressed is to construct a model that predicts the locations of epithermal-gold mineral deposits in the Great Basin of the western United States. Weights of evidence is a data-driven method requiring known deposits and occurrences that are used as training sites in the evaluated area. Four hundred and fifteen known hot spring gold–silver, Comstock vein, hot spring mercury, epithermal manganese, and volcanogenic uranium deposits and occurrences in Nevada were used to define an area of 327.4 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;as training sites to develop the model. The model consists of nine weighted-map patterns that are combined to produce a favorability map predicting the distribution of epithermal-gold deposits. Using a measure of the association of training sites with predictor features (or patterns), the patterns can be ranked from best to worst predictors. Based on proximity analysis, the strongest predictor is the area within 8 km of volcanic rocks younger than 43 Ma. Being close to volcanic rocks is not highly weighted, but being far from volcanic rocks causes a strong negative weight. These weights suggest that proximity to volcanic rocks define where deposits do not occur. The second best pattern is the area within 1 km of hydrothermally altered areas. The next best pattern is the area within 1 km of known placer-gold sites. The proximity analysis for gold placers weights this pattern as useful when close to known placer sites, but unimportant where placers do not exist. The remaining patterns are significantly weaker predictors. In order of decreasing correlation, they are: proximity to volcanic vents, proximity to east-west to northwest faults, elevated airborne radiometric uranium, proximity to northwest to west and north-northwest linear features, elevated aeromagnetics, and anomalous geochemistry. This ordering of the patterns is a function of the quality, applicability, and use of the data. The nine-pattern favorability map can be evaluated by comparison with the USGS National Assessment for hot spring gold–silver deposits. The Spearman's ranked correlation coefficient between the favorability and the National Assessment permissive tracts is 0.5. Tabulations of the areas of agreement and disagreement between the two maps show 74% agreement for the Great Basin. The posterior probabilities for 51 significant deposits in the Great Basin, both used and not used in the model, show the following: 26 classified as favorable; 25 classified as permissive; and 1, Florida Canyon, classified as nonpermissive.The Florida Canyon deposit has a low favorability because there are no volcanic rocks near the deposit on the Nevada geologic map used. The largest areas of disagreement are caused by the USGS National Assessment team concluding that volcanic rocks older than 27 Ma in Nevada are not permissive, which was not assumed in this model. The weights-of-evidence model is evaluated as reasonable and delineates permissive areas for epithermal deposits comparable to expert's delineation. The weights-of-evidence model has the additional characteristics that it is well defined, reproducible, objective, and provides a quantitative measure of confidence.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1023/A:1021602316101","usgsCitation":"Raines, G.L., 1999, Evaluation of weights of evidence to predict epithermal-gold deposits in the Great Basin of the western United States: Natural Resources Research, v. 8, p. 257-276, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021602316101.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"276","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":463551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.17371584886055,\n              36.273382491792404\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.04169884465318,\n              36.75188401988002\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.03910682052589,\n              42.01392037172616\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.09328767290734,\n              41.95091532528593\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.3038484479028,\n              39.282649293195846\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.17371584886055,\n              36.273382491792404\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, Gary L.","contributorId":48162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":63100,"text":"gq1804 - 1999 - Geologic map of the Allentown East quadrangle, Lehigh, Northampton, and Bucks Counties, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T20:24:08.682653","indexId":"gq1804","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":316,"text":"Geologic Quadrangle","code":"GQ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1804","title":"Geologic map of the Allentown East quadrangle, Lehigh, Northampton, and Bucks Counties, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gq1804","usgsCitation":"Drake, A., 1999, Geologic map of the Allentown East quadrangle, Lehigh, Northampton, and Bucks Counties, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle 1804, Report: 1 p.; Plate, https://doi.org/10.3133/gq1804.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; Plate","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109891,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23017.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"23017"},{"id":249226,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1804/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":252391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1804/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Bucks County, Lehigh County, Northampton County","otherGeospatial":"Allentown East quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5,40.5 ], [ -75.5,40.625 ], [ -75.375,40.625 ], [ -75.375,40.5 ], [ -75.5,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a24aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, Avery Jr.","contributorId":62582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"Avery","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":268330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23096,"text":"ofr99360 - 1999 - Cruise report; RV Coastal Surveyor Cruise C1-99; multibeam mapping of the Long Beach, California continental shelf; April 12 through May 19, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T13:53:46","indexId":"ofr99360","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-360","title":"Cruise report; RV Coastal Surveyor Cruise C1-99; multibeam mapping of the Long Beach, California continental shelf; April 12 through May 19, 1999","docAbstract":"The greater Los Angeles area of California is home to more than 10 million people. This large population puts increased pressure on the adjacent offshore continental shelf and margin with activities such as ocean disposal for dredged spoils, explosive disposal, waste-water outfall, and commercial fishing. The increased utilization of the shelf and margin in this area has generated accelerated multi-disciplinary research efforts in all aspects of the environment of the coastal zone. Prior to 1996 there were no highly accurate base maps of the continental shelf and slope upon which the research activities could be located and monitored. In 1996, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Pacific Seafloor Mapping Project began to address this problem by mapping the Santa Monica shelf and margin (Fig. 1) using a state-of-the-art, high-resolution multibeam sonar system (Gardner, et al., 1996; 1999). Additional seafloor mapping in 1998 provided coverage of the continental margin from south of Newport to the proximal San Pedro Basin northwest of Palos Verdes Peninsula (Gardner, et al., 1998) (Fig. 1). The mapping of the seafloor in the greater Los Angeles continental shelf and margin was completed with a 30-day mapping of the Long Beach shelf in April and May 1999, the subject of this report. The objective of Cruise C-1-99-SC was to completely map the broad continental shelf from the eastern end of the Palos Verdes Peninsula to the narrow shelf south of Newport Beach, from the break in slope at about 120-m isobath to the inner shelf at about the 10-m isobath. Mapping the Long Beach shelf was jointly funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and the County of Orange (CA) Sanitation District and was conducted under a Cooperative Agreement with the Ocean Mapping Group from the University of New Brunswick (OMG/UNB). The OMG/UNB contracted with C&C Technologies, Inc. of Lafayette, LA for use of the RV Coastal Surveyor and the latest evolution of high-resolution multibeam sonars, a dual Kongsberg Simrad EM3000D.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99360","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Conducted under a Cooperative Agreement between the US Geological Survey and the Ocean Mapping Group, University of New Brunswick","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J.V., Hughes Clarke, J.E., and Mayer, L.A., 1999, Cruise report; RV Coastal Surveyor Cruise C1-99; multibeam mapping of the Long Beach, California continental shelf; April 12 through May 19, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-360, HTML document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99360.","productDescription":"HTML document","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1999-04-12","temporalEnd":"1999-05-19","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1512,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0360/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0360/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52464,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0360/intro.html","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Beach","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.313511,33.582474 ], [ -118.313511,33.862655 ], [ -117.835287,33.862655 ], [ -117.835287,33.582474 ], [ -118.313511,33.582474 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd537fe4b0b290850f5302","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, James V.","contributorId":93035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughes Clarke, John E.","contributorId":58676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes Clarke","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayer, Larry A.","contributorId":69583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":21807,"text":"ofr99341 - 1999 - Geochemistry of stream-sediment samples from the Santa Renia Fields and Beaver Peak quadrangles, northern Carlin Trend, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T15:36:25.210024","indexId":"ofr99341","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-341","title":"Geochemistry of stream-sediment samples from the Santa Renia Fields and Beaver Peak quadrangles, northern Carlin Trend, Nevada","docAbstract":"A broad west-to-east increase of many metal concentrations has been found in stream sediments during a reconnaissance investigation conducted in conjunction with geologic studies in the Santa Renia Fields and Beaver Peak 7–1/2 minute quadrangles near the northern end of the Carlin trend of gold deposits in the Tuscarora Mountains. This regional increase in metal concentrations coincides with a dramatic change in landform wherein high concentrations of metals in stream sediments appear to correlate directly with areas of high elevations and steep slopes in the Beaver Peak quadrangle. Robust erosion combined with high flow rates in streams from these higher elevations are envisaged to have contributed significantly to increased metal concentrations in the stream sediments by an enhanced presence of minerals with high specific gravities and a correspondingly diminished presence of minerals with low specific gravities. Minerals with low specific gravities probably have been preferentially flushed down stream because of high transporting capacities for sediment by streams in the Beaver Peak quadrangle. In addition, the Carlin trend, a generally northwest-alignment of gold deposits in the Santa Renia Fields quadrangle, is well outlined by arsenic concentrations that include a maximum of approximately 54 parts per million. Further, a weakly developed distal-to-proximal metal zonation towards these gold deposits appears to be defined respectively in plots showing distributions of thallium, arsenic, antimony, and zinc. A broad area of high metal concentrations—including sharply elevated abundances of Ag, As, Au, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, P, Sb, Sc, Te, V, and especially Zn—near the southeast corner of the Beaver Peak quadrangle primarily could be the result of stratiform mineralized rocks in the Ordovician Vinini Formation or Devonian Slaven Chert, or the result of a subsequent Mesozoic or Tertiary epigenetic overprint.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99341","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Theodore, T., Kotlyar, B.B., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C., Singer, D.A., and Edstrom, S.A., 1999, Geochemistry of stream-sediment samples from the Santa Renia Fields and Beaver Peak quadrangles, northern Carlin Trend, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-341, Report: iv, 105 p.; Data: XLS; Data only: PDF, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99341.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 105 p.; Data: XLS; Data only: PDF","numberOfPages":"109","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153975,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0341/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1227,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0341/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284893,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0341/pdf/SRF_BPGeochem.pdf"},{"id":284892,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0341/SRF_BPGeochem.xls"},{"id":51299,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0341/pdf/OF99-341.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Beaver Peak, Santa Reina Fields","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.5,41.0 ], [ -116.5,41.125 ], [ -116.25,41.125 ], [ -116.25,41.0 ], [ -116.5,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5b08e4b0b290850f9c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Theodore, Ted G.","contributorId":57840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theodore","given":"Ted G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kotlyar, Boris B.","contributorId":35376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotlyar","given":"Boris","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berger, Vladimir I.","contributorId":15246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Vladimir","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moring, Barry C. 0000-0001-6797-9258 moring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6797-9258","contributorId":2794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"Barry","email":"moring@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":185769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Edstrom, Sven A.","contributorId":50816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edstrom","given":"Sven","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":22209,"text":"ofr99301 - 1999 - Tertiary coals in South Texas: Anomalous cannel-like coals of Webb County (Claiborne Group, Eocene) and lignites of Atascosa County (Jackson Group, Eocene) - Geologic setting, character, source-rock and coal-bed methane potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-01T12:49:08","indexId":"ofr99301","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-301","title":"Tertiary coals in South Texas: Anomalous cannel-like coals of Webb County (Claiborne Group, Eocene) and lignites of Atascosa County (Jackson Group, Eocene) - Geologic setting, character, source-rock and coal-bed methane potential","docAbstract":"<p>The coal-bearing Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain of North America contains a variety of depositional settings and coal types. The coal-bearing region extends westward from Alabama and Mississippi, across Louisiana to the northern part of the Mississippi Embayment, and then southward to eastern Arkansas, Texas and northern Mexico (fig. 1). Most of the coal currently mined in Texas is lignite from the upper part of the Wilcox Group (Paleocene-Eocene) and, in Louisiana, lignite is mined from the lower part of the Wilcox (fig. 2). Gulf Coast coal is used primarily as fuel for mine-mouth electric plants. On this field trip we will visit the only two non-Wilcox coal mining intervals in the Texas-Louisiana Coastal Plain; these include the San Pedro - Santo Tomas bituminous cannel-like coal zone of the Eocene Claiborne Group, and the San Miguel lignite coal zone of the Eocene Jackson Group (fig. 2). Other coal-mining areas in northern Mexico are currently producing bituminous coal from the Cretaceous Olmos Formation of the Navaro Group (fig. 2).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99301","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"1999, Tertiary coals in South Texas: Anomalous cannel-like coals of Webb County (Claiborne Group, Eocene) and lignites of Atascosa County (Jackson Group, Eocene) - Geologic setting, character, source-rock and coal-bed methane potential: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-301, vi, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99301.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1547,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pdf/of/ofr99301","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Atascosa County, Webb 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