The volcanic history of the Long Valley region is examined within a framework of six successive (spatially discrete) foci of silicic magmatism, each driven by locally concentrated basaltic intrusion of the deep crust in response to extensional unloading and decompression melting of the upper mantle. A precaldera dacite field (3.5–2.5 Ma) northwest of the later site of Long Valley and the Glass Mountain locus of >60 high-silica rhyolite vents (2.2–0.79 Ma) northeast of it were spatially and temporally independent magmatic foci, both cold in postcaldera time. Shortly before the 760-ka caldera-forming eruption, the mantle-driven focus of crustal melting shifted ∼20 km westward, abandoning its long-stable position under Glass Mountain and energizing instead the central Long Valley system that released 600 km3 of compositionally zoned rhyolitic Bishop Tuff (760 ka), followed by ∼100 km3of crystal-poor Early Rhyolite (760–650 ka) on the resurgent dome and later by three separate 5-unit clusters of varied Moat Rhyolites of small volume (527–101 ka). West of the caldera ring-fault zone, a fourth focus started up ∼160 ka, producing a 10×20-km array of at least 35 mafic vents that surround the trachydacite/alkalic rhyodacite Mammoth Mountain dome complex at its core. This young 70-vent system lies west of the structural caldera and (though it may have locally re-energized the western margin of the mushy moribund Long Valley reservoir) represents a thermally and compositionally independent focus. A fifth major discrete focus started up by ∼50 ka, 25–30 km north of Mammoth Mountain, beneath the center of what has become the Mono Craters chain. In the Holocene, this system advanced both north and south, producing ∼30 dike-fed domes of crystal-poor high-silica rhyolite, some as young as 650 years. The nearby chain of mid-to-late Holocene Inyo domes is a fault-influenced zone of mixing where magmas of at least four kinds are confluent. The sixth and youngest focus is at Mono Lake, where basalt, dacite, and low-silica rhyolite unrelated to the Mono Craters magma reservoir have erupted in the interval 14 to 0.25 ka. A compelling inference is that mantle-driven magmatic foci have moved repeatedly, allowing abandoned silicic reservoirs, including the formerly vigorous Long Valley magma chamber, to crystallize. A 100-fold decline of intracaldera eruption rate after 650 ka, lack of crystal-poor rhyolite since 300 ka, limited volumes of moat rhyolite (most of it crystal-rich), absence of postcaldera mafic volcanism inside the structural caldera (or north and south adjacent to it), low thermal gradients inside the caldera, and sourcing of hydrothermal underflow within the western array well outside the ring-fault zone all suggest that the Long Valley magma reservoir is moribund.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.05.019","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W., 2004, Volcanological perspectives on Long Valley, Mammoth Mountain, and Mono Craters: Several contiguous but discrete systems: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 136, no. 3-4, p. 169-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.05.019.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"198","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208302,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.05.019"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley, Mammoth Mountain, and Mono Craters","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.20989990234374,\n 37.54022177661216\n ],\n [\n -118.45184326171875,\n 37.54022177661216\n ],\n [\n -118.45184326171875,\n 38.1734326790354\n ],\n [\n -119.20989990234374,\n 38.1734326790354\n ],\n [\n -119.20989990234374,\n 37.54022177661216\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"136","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc345e4b08c986b32b069","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, W. 0000-0002-7925-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":100487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70026747,"text":"70026747 - 2004 - Bioinvasive species and the preservation of cutthroat trout in the western United States: Ecological, social, and economic issues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:35","indexId":"70026747","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1563,"text":"Environmental Science and Policy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bioinvasive species and the preservation of cutthroat trout in the western United States: Ecological, social, and economic issues","docAbstract":"The cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) was the only endemic salmonid species across most of the western United States, and it has severely declined largely due to introduction and bioinvasion by non-native salmonid species. However, the ecological, social, and economic consequences of cutthroat trout declines and replacement by non-native salmonid species are relatively minor, and measurable affects on ecosystem function are rare. Restoration efforts for cutthroat trout involve removal or control of bioinvasive salmonid species, but such efforts are costly, ongoing, and resisted frequently by segments of society. Cutthroat trout declines are of little concern to much of the public because they are valued similarly to non-native salmonids, and non-native salmonid species frequently have higher recreational values. Due to the low values placed on cutthroat trout relative to non-native salmonid species, net economic benefits of preserving cutthroat trout are equal to or less than those for non-native salmonids. Cutthroat trout provide a classic case of the consequences of biological invasion; however, other native species are faced with similar issues. We suggest that management agencies establish realistic goals to preserve native species within the context of ecological, social, and economic issues. ?? 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Policy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.envsci.2004.05.003","issn":"14629011","usgsCitation":"Quist, M., and Hubert, W., 2004, Bioinvasive species and the preservation of cutthroat trout in the western United States: Ecological, social, and economic issues: Environmental Science and Policy, v. 7, no. 4, p. 303-313, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2004.05.003.","startPage":"303","endPage":"313","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208323,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2004.05.003"},{"id":233994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f15ce4b0c8380cd4ac06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quist, M.C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":62805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026472,"text":"70026472 - 2004 - Differential consumption of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) by avian and mammalian guilds: Implications for tree invasion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-28T15:31:39.879017","indexId":"70026472","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Differential consumption of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) by avian and mammalian guilds: Implications for tree invasion","title":"Differential consumption of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) by avian and mammalian guilds: Implications for tree invasion","docAbstract":"Increased abundance and distribution of eastern redcedar (Juniperns virginiannus), a native species in the Great Plains, has been associated with changes in ecosystem functioning and landscape cover. Knowledge of the main consumers and dispersal agents of eastern red cedar cones is essential to understanding the invasive spread of the species. We examined animal removal of cedar cones in three habitats (tallgrass prairie, eastern red cedar and woodland-prairie margins) in the Cross Timbers ecoregion using three exclosure treatments during autumn and winter. Exclosure treatments excluded study trees from ungulates, from terrestrial rodents and ungulates or from neither (control). Loss of cones from branches varied by a habitat-time interaction, but was not affected by exclosure type. Loss of cones from containers located under experimental trees varied by a habitat-treatment-time interaction. In December and January, cone consumption from containers in no-exclosure treatments was highest in margins, followed by tallgrass prairie and eastern red cedar habitats. We conclude birds consumed the majority of cones from branches and small-and medium-sized mammals consumed cones on the ground. Both birds and mammals likely contribute to the spread of eastern red cedar but at different scales. Limiting invasion of eastern red cedar in forests may require early detection and selective removal of pioneer seedlings in cross timbers and other habitats that attract a high diversity or density of frugivores.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2004)152[0255:DCOERC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Horncastle, V., Hellgren, E.C., Mayer, P., Engle, D.M., and Leslie, D., 2004, Differential consumption of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) by avian and mammalian guilds: Implications for tree invasion: American Midland Naturalist, v. 152, no. 2, p. 255-267, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2004)152[0255:DCOERC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"267","costCenters":[{"id":515,"text":"Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.140625,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -95.80078125,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -95.80078125,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 37.75334401310656\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 33.358061612778876\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"152","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00f5e4b0c8380cd4f9f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horncastle, V.J.","contributorId":24536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horncastle","given":"V.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hellgren, E. C.","contributorId":40327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hellgren","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayer, P.M.","contributorId":42001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engle, David M.","contributorId":97225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leslie, D.M. 0000-0002-3884-1484","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1484","contributorId":107633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026749,"text":"70026749 - 2004 - Trade policy and prevention of nonnative species invasions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70026749","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Trade policy and prevention of nonnative species invasions","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","language":"English","issn":"07359462","usgsCitation":"Loope, L., 2004, Trade policy and prevention of nonnative species invasions, in Park Science, v. 22, no. 2, p. 7-8.","startPage":"7","endPage":"8","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb6aee4b08c986b326df8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loope, L.","contributorId":86875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loope","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70026750,"text":"70026750 - 2004 - Under water and out of sight: Invasive fishes in the United States - Implications for national parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70026750","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Under water and out of sight: Invasive fishes in the United States - Implications for national parks","docAbstract":"Introduced for sport fishing, as biological controls or other purposes, and as a result of illegal activity, nonnative fishes occupy national park waters where approximately 118 species now compete with native aquatic organisms.","largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","language":"English","issn":"07359462","usgsCitation":"Courtenay, W., and Fuller, P., 2004, Under water and out of sight: Invasive fishes in the United States - Implications for national parks, in Park Science, v. 22, no. 2, p. 42-45.","startPage":"42","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc33e4b08c986b328ad4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Courtenay, W.R. Jr.","contributorId":41369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtenay","given":"W.R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, P.L. 0000-0002-9389-9144","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9389-9144","contributorId":68245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026751,"text":"70026751 - 2004 - Wind-related processes detected by the Spirit rover at Gusev crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T15:01:10","indexId":"70026751","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wind-related processes detected by the Spirit rover at Gusev crater, Mars","docAbstract":"Wind-abraded rocks, ripples, drifts, and other deposits of windblown sediments are seen at the Columbia Memorial Station where the Spirit rover landed. Orientations of these features suggest formative winds from the north-northwest, consistent with predictions from atmospheric models of afternoon winds in Gusev Crater. Cuttings from the rover Rock Abrasion Tool are asymmetrically distributed toward the south-southeast, suggesting active winds from the north-northwest at the time (midday) of the abrasion operations. Characteristics of some rocks, such as a two-toned appearance, suggest that they were possibly buried and exhumed on the order of 5 to 60 centimeters by wind deflation, depending on location.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","doi":"10.1126/science.1100108","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Greeley, R., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R., Bartlett, P., Bell, J., Blaney, D., Cabrol, N., Farmer, J., Farrand, B., Golombek, M., Gorevan, S., Grant, J.A., Haldemann, A.F., Herkenhoff, K.E., Johnson, J., Landis, G., Madsen, M., McLennan, S., Moersch, J., Rice, J.W., Richter, L., Ruff, S., Sullivan, R., Thompson, S., Wang, A., Weitz, C., and Whelley, P., 2004, Wind-related processes detected by the Spirit rover at Gusev crater, Mars: Science, v. 305, no. 5685, p. 810-821, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1100108.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"810","endPage":"821","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gusev crater; Mars","volume":"305","issue":"5685","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd125e4b08c986b32f26a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greeley, R.","contributorId":6538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartlett, P.","contributorId":90085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartlett","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blaney, D.","contributorId":72513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blaney","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cabrol, N.A.","contributorId":65208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabrol","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Farmer, J.","contributorId":26419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Farrand, B.","contributorId":72175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrand","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Golombek, M.P.","contributorId":52696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golombek","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gorevan, S.P.","contributorId":63580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorevan","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Grant, J. A.","contributorId":28334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Haldemann, A. F. C.","contributorId":33437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haldemann","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":410931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Johnson, J.","contributorId":31719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Landis, G.","contributorId":107235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Madsen, M.B.","contributorId":97291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"M.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"McLennan, S.H.","contributorId":80870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLennan","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Moersch, J.","contributorId":66445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moersch","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Rice, J. W. Jr.","contributorId":53040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Richter, L.","contributorId":100162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Ruff, S.","contributorId":104610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruff","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Sullivan, R.J.","contributorId":21302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Thompson, S.D.","contributorId":63511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Wang, A.","contributorId":46735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Weitz, C.M.","contributorId":8649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weitz","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Whelley, P.","contributorId":104200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelley","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27}]}} ,{"id":70026451,"text":"70026451 - 2004 - Mercury speciation and microbial transformations in mine wastes, stream sediments, and surface waters at the Almaden Mining District, Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-06T10:16:39","indexId":"70026451","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury speciation and microbial transformations in mine wastes, stream sediments, and surface waters at the Almaden Mining District, Spain","docAbstract":"Speciation of Hg and conversion to methyl-Hg were evaluated in mine wastes, sediments, and water collected from the Almade??n District, Spain, the world's largest Hg producing region. Our data for methyl-Hg, a neurotoxin hazardous to humans, are the first reported for sediment and water from the Almade??n area. Concentrations of Hg and methyl-Hg in mine waste, sediment, and water from Almade??n are among the highest found at Hg mines worldwide. Mine wastes from Almade??n contain highly elevated Hg concentrations, ranging from 160 to 34 000 ??g/g, and methyl-Hg varies from <0.20 to 3100 ng/g. Isotopic tracer methods indicate that mine wastes at one site (Almadenejos) exhibit unusually high rates of Hg-methylation, which correspond with mine wastes containing the highest methyl-Hg concentrations. Streamwater collected near the Almade??n mine is also contaminated, containing Hg as high as 13 000 ng/L and methyl-Hg as high as 30 ng/L; corresponding stream sediments contain Hg concentrations as high as 2300 ??g/g and methyl-Hg concentrations as high as 82 ng/g. Several streamwaters contain Hg concentrations in excess of the 1000 ng/L World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard. Methyl-Hg formation and degradation was rapid in mines wastes and stream sediments demonstrating the dynamic nature of Hg cycling. These data indicate substantial downstream transport of Hg from the Almade??n mine and significant conversion to methyl-Hg in the surface environment.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es040359d","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Hines, M.E., Higueras, P.L., Adatto, I., and Lasorsa, B.K., 2004, Mercury speciation and microbial transformations in mine wastes, stream sediments, and surface waters at the Almaden Mining District, Spain: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 38, no. 16, p. 4285-4292, https://doi.org/10.1021/es040359d.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4285","endPage":"4292","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478126,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10578/1282","text":"External Repository"},{"id":234477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208618,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es040359d"}],"volume":"38","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a542de4b0c8380cd6ceda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":409572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, Mark E.","contributorId":43180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higueras, Pablo L.","contributorId":94212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higueras","given":"Pablo","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adatto, Isaac","contributorId":96058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adatto","given":"Isaac","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lasorsa, Brenda K.","contributorId":45398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasorsa","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026752,"text":"70026752 - 2004 - Late Ordovician (Turinian-Chatfieldian) carbon isotope excursions and their stratigraphic and paleoceanographic significance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:36","indexId":"70026752","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Late Ordovician (Turinian-Chatfieldian) carbon isotope excursions and their stratigraphic and paleoceanographic significance","docAbstract":"Five positive carbon isotope excursions are reported from Platteville-Decorah strata in the Upper Mississippi Valley. All occur in subtidal carbonate strata, and are recognized in the Mifflin, Grand Detour, Quimbys Mill, Spechts Ferry, and Guttenberg intervals. The positive carbon isotope excursions are developed in a Platteville-Decorah succession in which background ??13C values increase upward from about -2??? at the base to about 0??? Vienna Pee Dee belemnite (VPDB) at the top. A regional north-south ??13C gradient, with lighter values to the north and heavier values to the south is also noted. Peak excursion ??13C values of up to +2.75 are reported from the Quimbys Mill excursion, and up to +2.6 from the Guttenberg excursion, although there are considerable local changes in the magnitudes of these events. The Quimbys Mill, Spechts Ferry, and Guttenberg carbon isotope excursions occur in units that are bounded by submarine disconformities, and completely starve out in deeper, more offshore areas. Closely spaced chemostratigraphic profiles of these sculpted, pyrite-impregnated hardground surfaces show that they are associated with very abrupt centimeter-scale negative ??13C shifts of up to several per mil, possibly resulting from the local diagenetic effects of incursions of euxinic bottom waters during marine flooding events. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.02.043","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Ludvigson, G.A., Witzke, B., Gonzalez, L.A., Carpenter, S., Schneider, C., and Hasiuk, F., 2004, Late Ordovician (Turinian-Chatfieldian) carbon isotope excursions and their stratigraphic and paleoceanographic significance, in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 210, no. 2-4, p. 187-214, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.02.043.","startPage":"187","endPage":"214","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208304,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.02.043"},{"id":233959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"210","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44fce4b0c8380cd66f4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ludvigson, Greg A.","contributorId":80803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludvigson","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witzke, B.J.","contributorId":12976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witzke","given":"B.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gonzalez, Luis A.","contributorId":20922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carpenter, S.J.","contributorId":68182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schneider, C.L.","contributorId":25832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hasiuk, F.","contributorId":26939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasiuk","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70026282,"text":"70026282 - 2004 - Distribution of Tubifex tubifex lineages and Myxobolus cerebralis infection in the tailwater of the San Juan River, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:37","indexId":"70026282","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of Tubifex tubifex lineages and Myxobolus cerebralis infection in the tailwater of the San Juan River, New Mexico","docAbstract":"We chose a hypolimnetic-release tailwater of the San Juan River, New Mexico, to characterize the etiology of whirling disease, a parasitic infection of salmonids. We sampled a 2-km reach of the tailwater in August and December 2001 and June 2002 to characterize environmental factors influencing the distribution and density of Tubifex tubifex lineages and Myxobolus cerebralis infection rates. Shortly after the scouring flow, organic matter in sediments and T. tubifex densities increased within deep habitats. In contrast, no differences were observed in T. tubifex densities and organic matter collected from shallow habitats throughout the three sampling dates. Within this study area, we found three sympatric lineages of T. tubifex (lineages I, III, and VI). Lineage VI dominated riffle reaches, whereas lineages I, III, and VI were observed in pool habitats. Myxobolus cerebralis infection rates were higher in T. tubifex collected in pool habitats (3.01%) than in those collected in riffle habitats (0.51%). Only lineage III exhibited infection with M. cerebralis. We suggest that the habitat and genotype of T. tubifex are important in characterizing prevalence of disease within the San Juan River tailwater. Scouring flow may have a beneficial effect on disease severity in salmonid hosts by reducing organic loading and hence T. tubifex abundance in deep habitats.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/H04-018.1","issn":"08997659","usgsCitation":"DuBey, R., and Caldwell, C., 2004, Distribution of Tubifex tubifex lineages and Myxobolus cerebralis infection in the tailwater of the San Juan River, New Mexico: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 16, no. 4, p. 179-185, https://doi.org/10.1577/H04-018.1.","startPage":"179","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208330,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H04-018.1"}],"volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a02b9e4b0c8380cd50193","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DuBey, R.","contributorId":89700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuBey","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, C.","contributorId":42761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026992,"text":"70026992 - 2004 - The global variation in the iron isotope composition of marine hydrogenetic ferromanganese deposits: Implications for seawater chemistry?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:32","indexId":"70026992","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The global variation in the iron isotope composition of marine hydrogenetic ferromanganese deposits: Implications for seawater chemistry?","docAbstract":"The iron (Fe) isotope compositions of 37 hydrogenetic ferromanganese deposits from various oceans have been analysed by MC-ICPMS; they permit the construction of a global map of Fe isotopic values. The isotopic compositions range between -1.2 and -0.1??? in ??57FeIRMM14. Averages for the Atlantic and the Pacific are -0.41 and -0.88???, but their standard deviations are identical (0.27, 1 ??) and the data very largely overlap. No correlation is found with Pb or Nd isotope compositions and there is no evidence that the observed oceanic Fe isotopic heterogeneity is directly controlled by variations in continental sources. The small quantities of Fe that can be introduced from hydrothermal sources render as unlikely the possibility that the isotopic variations reflect variable proportions of continental and hydrothermal Fe, as recently proposed. The more likely explanation is that the variations are induced locally within the ocean. The exact sources of fractionation remain unclear. Likely possibilities are the dissolution and reprecipitation processes that liberate Fe from sediments during anoxic events, dissolution in surface waters or processes occurring during growth of the crusts. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.010","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Levasseur, S., Frank, M., Hein, J., and Halliday, A.N., 2004, The global variation in the iron isotope composition of marine hydrogenetic ferromanganese deposits: Implications for seawater chemistry?: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 224, no. 1-2, p. 91-105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.010.","startPage":"91","endPage":"105","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208957,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.010"},{"id":235085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"224","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac8ee4b08c986b323598","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levasseur, S.","contributorId":105834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levasseur","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, M.","contributorId":103396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halliday, A. N.","contributorId":87663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halliday","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026761,"text":"70026761 - 2004 - Comparative habitat use in a juniper woodland bird community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70026761","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative habitat use in a juniper woodland bird community","docAbstract":"We compared vegetation structure used by 14 bird species during the 1998 and 1999 breeding seasons to determine what habitat features best accounted for habitat division and community organization in Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma) woodlands of southwestern Wyoming. Habitat use was quantified by measuring 24 habitat variables in 461 bird-centered quadrats, each 0.04 ha in size. Using discriminant function analysis, we differentiated between habitat used by 14 bird species along 3 habitat dimensions: (1) variation in shrub cover, overstory juniper cover, mature tree density, understory height, and decadent tree density; (2) a gradient composed of elevation and forb cover; and (3) variation in grass cover, tree height, seedling/sapling cover, and bare ground/rock cover. Of 14 species considered, 9 exhibited substantial habitat partitioning: Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura), Bewick's Wren (Thryomanes bewickii), Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea), Mountain Bluebird (Sialia currucoides), Plumbeous Vireo (Vireo plumbeus), Green-tailed Towhee (Pipilo chlorurus), Brewer's Sparrow (Spizella breweri), Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis), and Cassin's Finch (Carpodacus cassinii). Our results indicate juniper bird communities of southwestern Wyoming are organized along a 3-dimensional habitat gradient composed of woodland maturity, elevation, and juniper recruitment. Because juniper birds partition habitat along successional and altitudinal gradients, indiscriminate woodland clearing as well as continued fire suppression will alter species composition. Restoration efforts should ensure that all successional stages of juniper woodland are present on the landscape.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Pavlacky, D., and Anderson, S., 2004, Comparative habitat use in a juniper woodland bird community: Western North American Naturalist, v. 64, no. 3, p. 376-384.","startPage":"376","endPage":"384","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f81ce4b0c8380cd4ceb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pavlacky, D.C. Jr.","contributorId":43540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlacky","given":"D.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, S.H.","contributorId":33667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027260,"text":"70027260 - 2004 - Comparison of a new GIS-based technique and a manual method for determining sinkhole density: An example from Illinois' sinkhole plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70027260","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2201,"text":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of a new GIS-based technique and a manual method for determining sinkhole density: An example from Illinois' sinkhole plain","docAbstract":"A new Geographic Information System (GIS) method was developed as an alternative to the hand-counting of sinkholes on topographic maps for density and distribution studies. Sinkhole counts were prepared by hand and compared to those generated from USGS DLG data using ArcView 3.2 and the ArcInfo Workstation component of ArcGIS 8.1 software. The study area for this investigation, chosen for its great density of sinkholes, included the 42 public land survey sections that reside entirely within the Renault Quadrangle in southwestern Illinois. Differences between the sinkhole counts derived from the two methods for the Renault Quadrangle study area were negligible. Although the initial development and refinement of the GIS method required considerably more time than counting sinkholes by hand, the flexibility of the GIS method is expected to provide significant long-term benefits and time savings when mapping larger areas and expanding research efforts. ?? 2004 by The National Speleological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10906924","usgsCitation":"Angel, J., Nelson, D., and Panno, S., 2004, Comparison of a new GIS-based technique and a manual method for determining sinkhole density: An example from Illinois' sinkhole plain: Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 66, no. 1, p. 9-17.","startPage":"9","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f84be4b0c8380cd4cfd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angel, J.C.","contributorId":13022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angel","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, D.O.","contributorId":51964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"D.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Panno, S.V.","contributorId":102990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panno","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015211,"text":"1015211 - 2004 - Distribution and abundance of pelagic fish in Lake Powell, Utah, and Lake Mead, Arizona-Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-26T11:46:54","indexId":"1015211","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of pelagic fish in Lake Powell, Utah, and Lake Mead, Arizona-Nevada","docAbstract":"Pelagic fish communities (waters with depths >20 m) of Lakes Powell and Mead were examined quarterly from 1995 to 1998 using vertical gill nets and a scientific echosounder. Nets captured a total of 449 fish consisting of striped bass (57%/45% [Lake Powell/Lake Mead]), threadfin shad (24%/50%), common carp (15%/4%), walleye (3%), channel catfish (2%), and rainbow trout (<1%). Each reservoir contained concentrations of pelagic species separated by expanses of habitat with few fish (<10 kg·ha⁻¹). Reservoirs experienced dramatic seasonal and annual fluctuations in pelagic biomass. Lake Powell's biomass peaked at the Colorado River at 709.7 (± 46.5) kg · ha⁻¹ and Lake Mead's reached 291.9 (± 58.2) kg · ha⁻¹ at Las Vegas Wash. These locations supported estimated fish densities of 124,668 fish · ha⁻¹ and 15,131 fish · ha⁻¹, respectively. Maximum reservoir biomass peaked in August 1996, with Lake Powell supporting 10,852,738 ± 5,195,556 kg (27.6 × 10⁻ fish) and Lake Mead 1,926,697 ± 892.994 kg (10.8 × 10⁻ fish). Biomass ebbed in May (1996 and 1997), when Lake Mead supported 65% (296,736 kg vs. 453,097 kg) and 62% (101,016 kg vs. 162,262 kg) of biomass levels found in Lake Powell.
","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University","usgsCitation":"Mueller, G., and Horn, M., 2004, Distribution and abundance of pelagic fish in Lake Powell, Utah, and Lake Mead, Arizona-Nevada: Western North American Naturalist, v. 64, no. 3, p. 306-311.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"306","endPage":"311","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14963,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/41717378 "}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Lake Mead, Lake Powell","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.97467041015625,\n 35.991340960635405\n ],\n [\n -113.9117431640625,\n 35.991340960635405\n ],\n [\n -113.9117431640625,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -114.97467041015625,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -114.97467041015625,\n 35.991340960635405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.72546386718749,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -110.52520751953125,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -110.52520751953125,\n 37.63380988687157\n ],\n [\n -111.72546386718749,\n 37.63380988687157\n ],\n [\n -111.72546386718749,\n 36.86204269508728\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a034","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, G.A.","contributorId":9205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horn, M.J.","contributorId":56607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horn","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026804,"text":"70026804 - 2004 - Three-dimensional local grid refinement for block-centered finite-difference groundwater models using iteratively coupled shared nodes: A new method of interpolation and analysis of errors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70026804","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional local grid refinement for block-centered finite-difference groundwater models using iteratively coupled shared nodes: A new method of interpolation and analysis of errors","docAbstract":"This paper describes work that extends to three dimensions the two-dimensional local-grid refinement method for block-centered finite-difference groundwater models of Mehl and Hill [Development and evaluation of a local grid refinement method for block-centered finite-difference groundwater models using shared nodes. Adv Water Resour 2002;25(5):497-511]. In this approach, the (parent) finite-difference grid is discretized more finely within a (child) sub-region. The grid refinement method sequentially solves each grid and uses specified flux (parent) and specified head (child) boundary conditions to couple the grids. Iteration achieves convergence between heads and fluxes of both grids. Of most concern is how to interpolate heads onto the boundary of the child grid such that the physics of the parent-grid flow is retained in three dimensions. We develop a new two-step, \"cage-shell\" interpolation method based on the solution of the flow equation on the boundary of the child between nodes shared with the parent grid. Error analysis using a test case indicates that the shared-node local grid refinement method with cage-shell boundary head interpolation is accurate and robust, and the resulting code is used to investigate three-dimensional local grid refinement of stream-aquifer interactions. Results reveal that (1) the parent and child grids interact to shift the true head and flux solution to a different solution where the heads and fluxes of both grids are in equilibrium, (2) the locally refined model provided a solution for both heads and fluxes in the region of the refinement that was more accurate than a model without refinement only if iterations are performed so that both heads and fluxes are in equilibrium, and (3) the accuracy of the coupling is limited by the parent-grid size - A coarse parent grid limits correct representation of the hydraulics in the feedback from the child grid.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Water Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.06.004","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"Mehl, S., and Hill, M.C., 2004, Three-dimensional local grid refinement for block-centered finite-difference groundwater models using iteratively coupled shared nodes: A new method of interpolation and analysis of errors: Advances in Water Resources, v. 27, no. 9, p. 899-912, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.06.004.","startPage":"899","endPage":"912","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209280,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.06.004"}],"volume":"27","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb330e4b08c986b325c34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mehl, S.","contributorId":20114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, M. 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We surveyed hybridization between sympatric coastal steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) and coastal cutthroat trout (O. clarki clarki) from two streams in Washington State, Olsen Creek (256 individuals sampled) and Jansen Creek (431 individuals sampled), over a 3-year period. We applied 11 O. mykiss-specific nuclear markers, 11 O. c. clarki-specific nuclear markers and a mitochondrial DNA marker to assess spatial partitioning among species and hybrids and determine the directionality of hybridization. F1 and post-F1 hybrids, respectively, composed an average of 1.2% and 33.6% of the population sampled in Jansen Creek, and 5.9% and 30.4% of the population sampled in Olsen Creek. A modest level of habitat partitioning among species and hybrids was detected. Mitochondrial DNA analysis indicated that all F 1 hybrids (15 from Olsen Creek and five from Jansen Creek) arose from matings between steelhead females and cutthroat males implicating a sneak spawning behaviour by cutthroat males. First-generation cutthroat backcrosses contained O. c. clarki mtDNA more often than expected suggesting natural selection against F1 hybrids. More hybrids were backcrossed toward cutthroat than steelhead and our results indicate recurrent hybridization within these creeks. Age analysis demonstrated that hybrids were between 1 and 4 years old. These results suggest that within sympatric salmonid hybrid zones, exogenous processes (environmentally dependent factors) help to maintain the distinction between parental types through reduced fitness of hybrids within parental environments while divergent natural selection promotes parental types through distinct adaptive advantages of parental phenotypes.
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DOC concentration and carbon isotopic data demonstrate that the soil zone is a primary carbon source of groundwater DOC in areas close to recharge zones. An in-situ DOC source linked to organic rich sediments present in the aquifer matrix is controlling the DOC pool in the central part of the groundwater flow system. DOC fractions, 13C-NMR on fulvic acids and 14C data on DOC and CH4 support the hypothesis that the in-situ DOC source is a terrestrial organic matter and discard the Ordovician bedrock as a source of DOC. ?? 2004 Taylor and Francis Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10256010410001671050","issn":"10256016","usgsCitation":"Aravena, R., Wassenaar, L., and Spiker, E., 2004, Chemical and carbon isotopic composition of dissolved organic carbon in a regional confined methanogenic aquifer: Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, v. 40, no. 2, p. 103-114, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256010410001671050.","startPage":"103","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208478,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256010410001671050"},{"id":234241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f53ee4b0c8380cd4c12d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aravena, R.","contributorId":40387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aravena","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wassenaar, L.I.","contributorId":43541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wassenaar","given":"L.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spiker, E.C.","contributorId":103275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spiker","given":"E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026424,"text":"70026424 - 2004 - Characteristics of urban-ecosystem atmosphere fluxes of CO2, CH4, N2O, and et over Denver, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:38","indexId":"70026424","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characteristics of urban-ecosystem atmosphere fluxes of CO2, CH4, N2O, and et over Denver, Colorado","docAbstract":"The characteristics of urban ecosystems fluxes of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and evapotranspiration (ET) over Denver, Colorado were discussed. These atmospheric fluxes were measured using a methodology that included a combination of eddy covariance sensors at two levels on a tall tower and chamber measurements at 33 locations on the soil surface. There was both strong temporal and spatial heterogeneity of fluxes owing to characteristics of natural and anthropogenic ecosystem components. Although the urban ecosystem was a net carbon dioxide source, tower-based eddy covariance measurements showed it to be a net vegetative sink during the majority of mid-say summer hours.","largerWorkTitle":"5th Symposium on the Urban Environment","conferenceTitle":"5th Symposium on the Urban Environment","conferenceDate":"23 August 2004 through 26 August 2004","conferenceLocation":"Vancouver, BC","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D., Alvarez, C., and Thienelt, T., 2004, Characteristics of urban-ecosystem atmosphere fluxes of CO2, CH4, N2O, and et over Denver, Colorado, in 5th Symposium on the Urban Environment, Vancouver, BC, 23 August 2004 through 26 August 2004.","startPage":"475","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4a6e4b0c8380cd4be2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, D.E.","contributorId":47320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alvarez, C.","contributorId":79673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thienelt, T.","contributorId":51065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thienelt","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026276,"text":"70026276 - 2004 - Simulating the dynamics of linear forests in Great Plains agroecosystems under changing climates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70026276","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating the dynamics of linear forests in Great Plains agroecosystems under changing climates","docAbstract":"Most forest growth models are not suitable for the highly fragmented, linear (or linearly shaped) forests in the Great Plains agroecosystems (e.g., windbreaks, riparian forest buffers), where such forests are a minor but ecologically important component of the land mosaics. This study used SEEDSCAPE, a recently modified gap model designed for cultivated land mosaics in the Great Plains, to simulate the effects of climate change on the dynamics of such linear forests. We simulated the dynamics of windbreaks with different initial planting species richness and widths (light changes as the selected resulting factor) using current climate data and nested regional circulation models (RegCMs). Results indicated that (i) it took 70-80 simulation years for the linear forests to reach a steady state under both normal (present-day) and warming climates; (ii) warming climates would reduce total aboveground tree biomass and the spatial variation in biomass, but increase dominance in the linear forests, especially in the upland forests; (iii) linear forests with higher planting species richness and smaller width produced higher aboveground tree biomass per unit area; and (iv) the same species performed very differently with different climate scenarios, initial planting diversity, and forest widths. Although the model still needs further improvements (e.g., the effects of understory species should be included), the model can serve as a useful tool in modeling the succession of linear forests in human-dominated land mosaics under changing climates and may also have significant practical implications in other systems. ?? 2004 NRC Canada.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/X04-138","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Guo, Q., Brandle, J., Schoeneberger, M., and Buettner, D., 2004, Simulating the dynamics of linear forests in Great Plains agroecosystems under changing climates: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 34, no. 12, p. 2564-2572, https://doi.org/10.1139/X04-138.","startPage":"2564","endPage":"2572","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208614,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X04-138"},{"id":234467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fd5e4b08c986b319178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guo, Q.","contributorId":67039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandle, J.","contributorId":70575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandle","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoeneberger, M.","contributorId":51959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoeneberger","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buettner, D.","contributorId":69922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buettner","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027257,"text":"70027257 - 2004 - Using the geologic setting of talc deposits as an indicator of amphibole asbestos content","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70027257","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using the geologic setting of talc deposits as an indicator of amphibole asbestos content","docAbstract":"This study examined commercial talc deposits in the U.S. and their amphibole-asbestos content. The study found that the talc-forming environment directly influenced the amphibole and amphibole-asbestos content of the talc deposit. Large talc districts in the U.S. have mined hydrothermal talcs that replaced dolostone. Hydrothermal talcs, created by siliceous fluids heated by magmas at depth, consistently lack amphiboles as accessory minerals. In contrast, mineable talc deposits that formed by contact or regional metamorphism consistently contain amphiboles, locally as asbestiform varieties. Examples of contact metamorphic deposits occur in Death Valley, California; these talc-tremolite deposits contain accessory amphibole-asbestos. Talc bodies formed by regional metamorphism always contain amphiboles, which display a variety of compositions and habits, including asbestiform. Some industrial mineral deposits are under scrutiny as potential sources of accessory asbestos minerals. Recognizing consistent relations between the talc-forming environment and amphibole-asbestos content may be used in prioritizing remediation or monitoring of abandoned and active talc mines.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00254-003-0955-2","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., Lowers, H., Sutley, S.J., and Gent, C.A., 2004, Using the geologic setting of talc deposits as an indicator of amphibole asbestos content: Environmental Geology, v. 45, no. 7, p. 920-939, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-003-0955-2.","startPage":"920","endPage":"939","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209208,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-003-0955-2"},{"id":235456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0b4e4b08c986b32a29a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, B. 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A.","contributorId":17955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gent","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187751,"text":"70187751 - 2004 - Many are cold, but a few were frozen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T15:36:53","indexId":"70187751","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5398,"text":"Alaska Reflections","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Many are cold, but a few were frozen","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Schliebe, S., and Smith, T.S., 2004, Many are cold, but a few were frozen: Alaska Reflections, v. 16, no. 2, p. 6-8.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"8","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fcde4b0a7fdb43ddf06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schliebe, S.","contributorId":27818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schliebe","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, T. 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This ongoing activity, which includes issuing quarterly updates to calibration parameters, has generated a wealth of geometric performance data over the four-year on-orbit period of operations. A suite of geometric characterization (measurement and evaluation procedures) and calibration (procedures to derive improved estimates of instrument parameters) methods are employed by the Landsat-7 Image Assessment System to maintain the geometric calibration and to track specific aspects of geometric performance. These include geodetic accuracy, band-to-band registration accuracy, and image-to-image registration accuracy. These characterization and calibration activities maintain image product geometric accuracy at a high level - by monitoring performance to determine when calibration is necessary, generating new calibration parameters, and verifying that new parameters achieve desired improvements in accuracy. Landsat-7 continues to meet and exceed all geometric accuracy requirements, although aging components have begun to affect performance.","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2004.836769","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Lee, D., Storey, J.C., Choate, M., and Hayes, R.W., 2004, Four years of Landsat-7 on-orbit geometric calibration and performance: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 42, no. 12, p. 2786-2795, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2004.836769.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2786","endPage":"2795","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":208595,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2004.836769"},{"id":234430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1399e4b0c8380cd546e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, D.S.","contributorId":50330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storey, James C. 0000-0002-6664-7232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7232","contributorId":35505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choate, M.J.","contributorId":41194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, R. W.","contributorId":105493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026145,"text":"70026145 - 2004 - Using counts to simultaneously estimate abundance and detection probabilities in a salamander community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:21","indexId":"70026145","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using counts to simultaneously estimate abundance and detection probabilities in a salamander community","docAbstract":"A critical variable in both ecological and conservation field studies is determining how many individuals of a species are present within a defined sampling area. Labor intensive techniques such as capture-mark-recapture and removal sampling may provide estimates of abundance, but there are many logistical constraints to their widespread application. Many studies on terrestrial and aquatic salamanders use counts as an index of abundance, assuming that detection remains constant while sampling. If this constancy is violated, determination of detection probabilities is critical to the accurate estimation of abundance. Recently, a model was developed that provides a statistical approach that allows abundance and detection to be estimated simultaneously from spatially and temporally replicated counts. We adapted this model to estimate these parameters for salamanders sampled over a six vear period in area-constrained plots in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Estimates of salamander abundance varied among years, but annual changes in abundance did not vary uniformly among species. Except for one species, abundance estimates were not correlated with site covariates (elevation/soil and water pH, conductivity, air and water temperature). The uncertainty in the estimates was so large as to make correlations ineffectual in predicting which covariates might influence abundance. Detection probabilities also varied among species and sometimes among years for the six species examined. We found such a high degree of variation in our counts and in estimates of detection among species, sites, and years as to cast doubt upon the appropriateness of using count data to monitor population trends using a small number of area-constrained survey plots. Still, the model provided reasonable estimates of abundance that could make it useful in estimating population size from count surveys.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00180831","usgsCitation":"Dodd, C., and Dorazio, R., 2004, Using counts to simultaneously estimate abundance and detection probabilities in a salamander community: Herpetologica, v. 60, no. 4, p. 468-478.","startPage":"468","endPage":"478","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc042e4b08c986b32a007","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorazio, R.M. 0000-0003-2663-0468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":23475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026372,"text":"70026372 - 2004 - Genetic structure of cougar populations across the Wyoming basin: Metapopulation or megapopulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:25","indexId":"70026372","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic structure of cougar populations across the Wyoming basin: Metapopulation or megapopulation","docAbstract":"We examined the genetic structure of 5 Wyoming cougar (Puma concolor) populations surrounding the Wyoming Basin, as well as a population from southwestern Colorado. When using 9 microsatellite DNA loci, observed heterozygosity was similar among populations (HO = 0.49-0.59) and intermediate to that of other large carnivores. Estimates of genetic structure (FST = 0.028, RST = 0.029) and number of migrants per generation (Nm) suggested high gene flow. Nm was lowest between distant populations and highest among adjacent populations. Examination of these data, plus Mantel test results of genetic versus geographic distance (P ??? 0.01), suggested both isolation by distance and an effect of habitat matrix. Bayesian assignment to population based on individual genotypes showed that cougars in this region were best described as a single panmictic population. Total effective population size for cougars in this region ranged from 1,797 to 4,532 depending on mutation model and analytical method used. Based on measures of gene flow, extinction risk in the near future appears low. We found no support for the existence of metapopulation structure among cougars in this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/BEL-111.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Anderson, C., Lindzey, F., and McDonald, D., 2004, Genetic structure of cougar populations across the Wyoming basin: Metapopulation or megapopulation: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 85, no. 6, p. 1207-1214, https://doi.org/10.1644/BEL-111.1.","startPage":"1207","endPage":"1214","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208552,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/BEL-111.1"},{"id":234368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1585e4b0c8380cd54e5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, C.R. Jr.","contributorId":69340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"C.R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindzey, F.G.","contributorId":12660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindzey","given":"F.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, D.B.","contributorId":82032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}