At the request of National Park Service resource managers, we began a study in 2000 to evaluate causes for the decline of the bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) population inhabiting Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area (BICA), the Pryor Mountain Wild Horse Range, and surrounding state and U.S. Forest Service lands in Montana and Wyoming. Our study consisted of radio-collaring adult rams and ewes with mortality sensors to monitor adult mortalities, tracking ewes to determine pregnancy and lambing rates, habitat assessments to determine why the population was not expanding into what had been modeled using GIS methodology as suitable bighorn sheep habitat, measuring ungulate herbaceous consumption rates and herbaceous production to determine plant responses, and aerial and boat surveys to determine bighorn sheep population range and population dynamics (Schoenecker and others, this report). Two habitat suitability models were created and conducted (Gudorf, this report; Wockner and others, this report) using different methodologies, and comparisons made between the two. Herd population dynamics were modeled using the POP-II and POP-III programs (Roelle, this report), and a reassessment of ungulate exclosures that were established 8–10 years ago was conducted (Gerhardt, this report).
\nThe bighorn sheep population of the greater Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area (BICA) was extirpated in the 1800s, and then reintroduced in 1973. The herd increased to a peak population of about 211 animals (Kissell and others, 1996), but then declined sharply in 1995 and 1996. Causes for the decline were unknown. Numbers have remained around 100 ± 20 animals since 1998. Previous modeling efforts determined what areas were suitable bighorn sheep habitat (Gudorf and others, 1996). We tried to determine why sheep were not using areas that were modeled as suitable or acceptable habitat, and to evaluate population dynamics of the herd.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041337","usgsCitation":"Singer, F.J., and Schoenecker, K.A., 2004, Bighorn sheep habitat studies, population dynamics, and population modeling in Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, Wyoming and Montana, 2000-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1337, xi, 202 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041337.","productDescription":"xi, 202 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193265,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20041337.jpg"},{"id":320272,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1337/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Bighorn Canyon national Recreation Area","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db6260da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singer, Francis J.","contributorId":67026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Francis","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoenecker, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-9906-911X schoeneckerk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-911X","contributorId":2001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kathryn","email":"schoeneckerk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027759,"text":"70027759 - 2004 - Importance of equilibration time in the partitioning and toxicity of zinc in spiked sediment bioassays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:29:45","indexId":"70027759","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of equilibration time in the partitioning and toxicity of zinc in spiked sediment bioassays","docAbstract":"The influences of spiked Zn concentrations (1–40 μmol/g) and equilibration time (˜ 95 d) on the partitioning of Zn between pore water (PW) and sediment were evaluated with estuarine sediments containing two levels (5 and 15 μmol/g) of acid volatile sulfides (AVS). Their influence on Zn bioavailability was also evaluated by a parallel, 10‐d amphipod (Leptocheirus plumulosus) mortality test at 5, 20, and 85 d of equilibration. During the equilibration, AVS increased (up to twofold) with spiked Zn concentration ([Zn]), whereas Zn‐simultaneously extracted metals ([SEM]; Zn with AVS) remained relatively constant. Concentrations of Zn in PW decreased most rapidly during the initial 30 d and by 11‐ to 23‐fold during the whole 95‐d equilibration period. The apparent partitioning coefficient (Kpw, ratio of [Zn] in SEM to PW) increased by 10‐ to 20‐fold with time and decreased with spiked [Zn] in sediments. The decrease of PW [Zn] could be explained by a combination of changes in AVS and redistribution of Zn into more insoluble phases as the sediment aged. Amphipod mortality decreased significantly with the equilibration time, consistent with decrease in dissolved [Zn]. The median lethal concentration (LC50) value (33 μM) in the second bioassay, conducted after 20 d of equilibration, was twofold the LC50 in the initial bioassay at 5 d of equilibration, probably because of the change of dissolved Zn speciation. Sediment bioassay protocols employing a short equilibration time and high spiked metal concentrations could accentuate partitioning of metals to the dissolved phase and shift the pathway for metal exposure toward the dissolved phase.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2004 CALFED Science Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2004 CALFED Science Conference","conferenceDate":"October 4-6, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Sacramento, CA","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Wright, S., and Schoellhamer, D., 2004, Suspended sediment transport where rivers become estuaries: Sacramento – San Joaquin River Delta, water years 1999-2002, in Proceedings of the 2004 CALFED Science Conference, Sacramento, CA, October 4-6, 2004, p. 237-237.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"237","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325744,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325743,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.science.calwater.ca.gov/events/conferences/conferences_index.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db7be4b0589fa1c7eb39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, S.A.","contributorId":90080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, D. H. 0000-0001-9488-7340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":85624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"D. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027765,"text":"70027765 - 2004 - Numerical study of electromagnetic waves generated by a prototype dielectric logging tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-26T15:25:02.360294","indexId":"70027765","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical study of electromagnetic waves generated by a prototype dielectric logging tool","docAbstract":"To understand the electromagnetic waves generated by a prototype dielectric logging tool, a numerical study was conducted using both the finite-difference, time-domain method and a frequency-wavenumber method. When the propagation velocity in the borehole was greater than that in the formation (e.g., an air-filled borehole in the unsaturated zone), only a guided wave propagated along the borehole. As the frequency decreased, both the phase and the group velocities of the guided wave asymptotically approached the phase velocity of a plane wave in the formation. The guided wave radiated electromagnetic energy into the formation, causing its amplitude to decrease. When the propagation velocity in the borehole was less than that in the formation (e.g., a water-filled borehole in the saturated zone), both a refracted wave and a guided wave propagated along the borehole. The velocity of the refracted wave equaled the phase velocity of a plane wave in the formation, and the refracted wave preceded the guided wave. As the frequency decreased, both the phase and the group velocities of the guided wave asymptotically approached the phase velocity of a plane wave in the formation. The guided wave did not radiate electromagnetic energy into the formation. To analyze traces recorded by the prototype tool during laboratory tests, they were compared to traces calculated with the finite-difference method. The first parts of both the recorded and the calculated traces were similar, indicating that guided and refracted waves indeed propagated along the prototype tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1649376","usgsCitation":"Ellefsen, K., Abraham, J., Wright, D., and Mazzella, A., 2004, Numerical study of electromagnetic waves generated by a prototype dielectric logging tool: Geophysics, v. 69, no. 1, p. 64-77, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1649376.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"77","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6932e4b0c8380cd73bfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellefsen, K.J. 0000-0003-3075-4703","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3075-4703","contributorId":12061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellefsen","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abraham, J.D.","contributorId":20686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, D.L.","contributorId":88758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mazzella, A.T.","contributorId":58455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzella","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027799,"text":"70027799 - 2004 - Use of an electromagnetic seepage meter to investigate temporal variability in lake seepage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T08:31:16","indexId":"70027799","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of an electromagnetic seepage meter to investigate temporal variability in lake seepage","docAbstract":"A commercially available electromagnetic flowmeter is attached to a seepage cylinder to create an electromagnetic seepage meter (ESM) for automating measurement of fluxes across the sediment/water interface between ground water and surface water. The ESM is evaluated through its application at two lakes in New England, one where water seeps into the lake and one where water seeps out of the lake. The electromagnetic flowmeter replaces the seepage-meter bag and provides a continuous series of measurements from which temporal seepage processes can be investigated. It provides flow measurements over a range of three orders of magnitude, and contains no protruding components or moving parts. The ESM was used to evaluate duration of seepage disturbance following meter installation and indicated natural seepage rates resumed approximately one hour following meter insertion in a sandy lakebed. Lakebed seepage also varied considerably in response to lakebed disturbances, near-shore waves, and rain-falls, indicating hydrologic processes are occurring in shallow lakebed settings at time scales that have largely gone unobserved.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02451.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D., and Morin, R.H., 2004, Use of an electromagnetic seepage meter to investigate temporal variability in lake seepage: Ground Water, v. 42, no. 1, p. 68-77, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02451.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"77","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211008,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02451.x"},{"id":238143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbeb3e4b08c986b32972b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":415277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morin, R. H.","contributorId":31794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027784,"text":"70027784 - 2004 - Unusual behavior by Bison, Bison bison, toward Elk, Cervus elaphus, and wolves, Canis lupus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-19T16:19:29.962875","indexId":"70027784","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Unusual behavior by Bison, Bison bison, toward Elk, Cervus elaphus, and wolves, Canis lupus","title":"Unusual behavior by Bison, Bison bison, toward Elk, Cervus elaphus, and wolves, Canis lupus","docAbstract":"Incidents are described of Bison (Bison bison) in Yellowstone National Park mauling and possibly killing a young Elk (Cervus elaphus) calf, chasing wolves (Canis lupus) off Elk they had just killed or were killing, and keeping the wolves away for extended periods. During one of the latter cases, the Bison knocked a wolf-wounded Elk down. Bison were also seen approaching wolves that were resting and sleeping, rousting them, following them to new resting places and repeating this behavior. These behaviors might represent some type of generalized hyper-defensiveness that functions as an anti-predator strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"PKP Publishing Services","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v118i1.892","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., McIntyre, R., and Smith, D., 2004, Unusual behavior by Bison, Bison bison, toward Elk, Cervus elaphus, and wolves, Canis lupus: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 118, no. 1, p. 115-118, https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v118i1.892.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"118","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489847,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v118i1.892","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.30249023437501,\n 44.45730980131928\n ],\n [\n -111.3134765625,\n 44.0796932742571\n ],\n [\n -109.742431640625,\n 44.08758502824513\n ],\n [\n -109.764404296875,\n 45.07352060670968\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 45.06576154770307\n ],\n [\n -111.30249023437501,\n 44.45730980131928\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"118","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbcf9e4b08c986b328e80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntyre, R.T.","contributorId":8804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, D.W.","contributorId":24726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174911,"text":"70174911 - 2004 - Nitrogen emissions along the Colorado Front Range: Response to population growth, land and water use change, and agriculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T15:44:18","indexId":"70174911","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Nitrogen emissions along the Colorado Front Range: Response to population growth, land and water use change, and agriculture","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems and land use change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/153GM10","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., Del Grosso, S., Ojima, D.S., Theobald, D., and Parton, W., 2004, Nitrogen emissions along the Colorado Front Range: Response to population growth, land and water use change, and agriculture, chap. of Ecosystems and land use change, v. 158, p. 117-127, https://doi.org/10.1029/153GM10.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"127","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5791f231e4b0a1ebd3ad4c8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Del Grosso, S.","contributorId":173052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Del Grosso","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ojima, D. S.","contributorId":13166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ojima","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Theobald, D.M.","contributorId":15157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parton, W.J.","contributorId":89685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parton","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027459,"text":"70027459 - 2004 - Contaminants in molting long-tailed ducks and nesting common eiders in the Beaufort Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:35:42","indexId":"70027459","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminants in molting long-tailed ducks and nesting common eiders in the Beaufort Sea","docAbstract":"In 2000, we collected blood from long-tailed ducks (Clangula hyemalis) and blood and eggs from common eiders (Somateria mollissima) at near-shore islands in the vicinity of Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, and at a reference area east of Prudhoe Bay. Blood was analyzed for trace elements and egg contents were analyzed for trace elements, organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Except for Se (mean=36.1 ??g/g dry weight (dw) in common eiders and 48.8 ??g/g dw in long-tailed ducks), concentrations of trace elements in blood were low and, although several trace elements differed between areas, they were not consistently higher at one location. In long-tailed ducks, Se in blood was positively correlated with activities of two serum enzymes, suggestive of an adverse effect of increasing Se levels on the liver. Although common eiders had high Se concentrations in their blood, Se residues in eggs were low (mean=2.28 ??g/g dw). Strontium and Ni were higher in eggs near Prudhoe Bay than at the reference area, but none of the other trace elements or organic contaminants in eggs differed between locations. Concentrations of Ca, Sr, Mg, and Ni differed among eggs having no visible development, early-stage embryos, or late-stage embryos. Residues of 4,4???-DDE, cis-nonachlor, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, oxychlordane, and trans-nonachlor were found in 100% of the common eider eggs, but at low concentrations (means of 2.35-7.45 ??g/kg wet weight (ww)). The mean total PCB concentration in eggs was 15.12 ??g/kg ww. Of PAHs tested for, residues of 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene and naphthalene were found in 100% of the eggs, at mean concentrations of 0.36-0.89 ??g/kg ww.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.08.027","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., Hollmén, T., Flint, P.L., Grand, J., and Lanctot, R., 2004, Contaminants in molting long-tailed ducks and nesting common eiders in the Beaufort Sea: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 48, no. 5-6, p. 504-513, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.08.027.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"504","endPage":"513","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210901,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.08.027"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Prudhoe Bay","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea, Spy to Flaxman Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.91943359375,\n 70.5925460348269\n ],\n [\n -149.8040771484375,\n 70.49740751393682\n ],\n [\n -148.7713623046875,\n 70.35201194155984\n ],\n [\n -148.370361328125,\n 70.26687217723257\n ],\n [\n -147.98583984375,\n 70.18510275498964\n ],\n [\n -147.5244140625,\n 70.1440961784468\n ],\n [\n -146.810302734375,\n 70.09365861649229\n ],\n [\n -146.326904296875,\n 70.09552886456429\n ],\n [\n -146.0247802734375,\n 70.09552886456429\n ],\n [\n -145.8160400390625,\n 70.19627225262023\n ],\n [\n -146.0028076171875,\n 70.25202914452564\n ],\n [\n -146.62353515625,\n 70.29467399653527\n ],\n [\n -147.3486328125,\n 70.42391918114119\n ],\n [\n -147.67822265625,\n 70.48273108822765\n ],\n [\n -148.0352783203125,\n 70.5505206897679\n ],\n [\n -148.49670410156247,\n 70.53588268255716\n ],\n [\n -149.2987060546875,\n 70.57976496276407\n ],\n [\n -149.91943359375,\n 70.5925460348269\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa3fe4b0c8380cd4d9da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hollmén, Tuula E.","contributorId":32112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hollmén","given":"Tuula E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":413770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grand, J.B.","contributorId":11150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":413771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027554,"text":"70027554 - 2004 - Dissolved organic carbon and disinfection by-product precursor release from managed peat soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T17:48:31.075348","indexId":"70027554","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolved organic carbon and disinfection by-product precursor release from managed peat soils","docAbstract":"A wetland restoration demonstration project examined the effects of a permanently flooded wetland on subsidence of peat soils. The project, started in 1997, was done on Twitchell Island, in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California. Conversion of agricultural land to a wetland has changed many of the biogeochemical processes controlling dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release from the peat soils, relative to the previous land use. Dissolved organic C in delta waters is a concern because it reacts with chlorine, added as a disinfectant in municipal drinking waters, to form carcinogenic disinfection byproducts (DBPs), including trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). This study explores the effects of peat soil biogeochemistry on DOC and DBP release under agricultural and wetland management. Results indicate that organic matter source, extent of soil organic matter decomposition, and decomposition pathways all are factors in THM formation. The results show that historical management practices dominate the release of DOC and THM precursors. However, within-site differences indicate that recent management decisions can contribute to changes in DOC quality and THM precursor formation. Not all aromatic forms of carbon are highly reactive and certain environmental conditions produce the specific carbon structures that form THMs. Both HAA and THM precursors are elevated in the DOC released under wetland conditions. The findings of this study emphasize the need to further investigate the roles of organic matter sources, microbial decomposition pathways, and decomposition status of soil organic matter in the release of DOC and DBP precursors from delta soils under varying land-use practices.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2134/jeq2004.4650","usgsCitation":"Fleck, J., Bossio, D., and Fujii, R., 2004, Dissolved organic carbon and disinfection by-product precursor release from managed peat soils: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 33, no. 2, p. 465-475, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2004.4650.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"475","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Twitchell Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.69143676757811,\n 38.08377048360514\n ],\n [\n -121.56509399414061,\n 38.08377048360514\n ],\n [\n -121.56509399414061,\n 38.14751758025121\n ],\n [\n -121.69143676757811,\n 38.14751758025121\n ],\n [\n -121.69143676757811,\n 38.08377048360514\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0232e4b0c8380cd4ff33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleck, J.A. 0000-0002-3217-3972","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":35864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bossio, D.A.","contributorId":80897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bossio","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fujii, R.","contributorId":32278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujii","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027267,"text":"70027267 - 2004 - Rear-arc vs. arc-front volcanoes in the Katmai reach of the Alaska Peninsula: A critical appraisal of across-arc compositional variation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-17T11:34:43","indexId":"70027267","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rear-arc vs. arc-front volcanoes in the Katmai reach of the Alaska Peninsula: A critical appraisal of across-arc compositional variation","docAbstract":"Physical and compositional data and K-Ar ages are reported for 14 rear-arc volcanoes that lic 11-22 km behind the narrowly linear volcanic front defined by the Mount Katmai-to-Devils Desk chain on the Alaska Peninsula. One is a 30-km3 stratocone (Mount Griggs; 51-63% SiO2) active intermittently from 292 ka to Holocene. The others are monogenetic cones, domes, lava flows, plugs, and maars, of which 12 were previously unnamed and unstudied; they include seven basalts (48-52% SiO2), four mafic andesites (53-55% SiO2), and three andesite-dacite units. Six erupted in the interval 500-88 ka, one historically in 1977, and five in the interval 3-2 Ma. No migration of the volcanic front is discernible since the late Miocene, so even the older units erupted well behind the front. Discussion explores the significance of the volcanic front and the processes that influence compositional overlaps and differences among mafic products of the rear-arc volcanoes and of the several arc-front edifices nearby. The latter have together erupted a magma volume of about 200 km3, at least four times that of all rear-arc products combined. Correlation of Sr-isotope ratios with indices of fractionation indicates crustal contributions in volcanic-front magmas (0.7033-0.7038), but lack of such trends among the rear-arc units (0.70298-0.70356) suggests weaker and less systematic crustal influence. Slab contributions and mantle partial-melt fractions both appear to decline behind the front, but neither trend is crisp and unambiguous. No intraplate mantle contribution is recognized nor is any systematic across-arc difference in intrinsic mantle-wedge source fertility discerned. Both rear-arc and arc-front basalts apparently issued from fluxing of typically fertile NMORB-source mantle beneath the Peninsular terrane, which docked here in the Mesozoic. Springer-Verlag 2004.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00410-004-0558-2","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W., Fierstein, J., Siems, D.F., Budahn, J., and Ruiz, J., 2004, Rear-arc vs. arc-front volcanoes in the Katmai reach of the Alaska Peninsula: A critical appraisal of across-arc compositional variation: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 147, no. 3, p. 243-275, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0558-2.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"275","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209300,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0558-2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -177.71484375,\n 50.035973672195496\n ],\n [\n -154.5556640625,\n 50.035973672195496\n ],\n [\n -154.5556640625,\n 58.95000823335702\n ],\n [\n -177.71484375,\n 58.95000823335702\n ],\n [\n -177.71484375,\n 50.035973672195496\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"147","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95b7e4b0c8380cd81bc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, W. 0000-0002-7925-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":100487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fierstein, J.","contributorId":67666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siems, D. F.","contributorId":101239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siems","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Budahn, J. R. 0000-0001-9794-8882","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":83914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruiz, J.","contributorId":88886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruiz","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027555,"text":"70027555 - 2004 - Surface deformations as indicators of deep ebullition fluxes in a large northern peatland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-26T15:56:35.595203","indexId":"70027555","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface deformations as indicators of deep ebullition fluxes in a large northern peatland","docAbstract":"Peatlands deform elastically during precipitation cycles by small (±3 cm) oscillations in surface elevation. In contrast, we used a Global Positioning System network to measure larger oscillations that exceeded 20 cm over periods of 4-12 hours during two seasonal droughts at a bog and fen site in northern Minnesota. The second summer drought also triggered 19 depressuring cycles in an overpressured stratum under the bog site. The synchronicity between the largest surface deformations and the depressuring cycles indicates that both phenomena are produced by the episodic release of large volumes of gas from deep semi-elastic compartments confined by dense wood layers. We calculate that the three largest surface deformations were associated with the release of 136 g CH4 m-2, which exceeds by an order of magnitude the annual average chamber fluxes measured at this site. Ebullition of gas from the deep peat may therefore be a large and previously unrecognized source of radiocarbon depleted methane emissions from northern peatlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2003GB002069","usgsCitation":"Glaser, P., Chanton, J., Morin, P., Rosenberry, D., Siegel, D.I., Ruud, O., Chasar, L., and Reeve, A., 2004, Surface deformations as indicators of deep ebullition fluxes in a large northern peatland: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 18, no. 1, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002069.","productDescription":"15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489973,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003gb002069","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.64697265625,\n 47.79101617826261\n ],\n [\n -93.768310546875,\n 47.79101617826261\n ],\n [\n -93.878173828125,\n 48.61112192003074\n ],\n [\n -94.603271484375,\n 48.71271258145237\n ],\n [\n -94.82299804687499,\n 48.96579381461063\n ],\n [\n -95.64697265625,\n 48.97300592158682\n ],\n [\n -95.64697265625,\n 47.79101617826261\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9fa2e4b08c986b31e728","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glaser, P.H.","contributorId":13791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glaser","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chanton, J. P.","contributorId":7429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chanton","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morin, Peter","contributorId":107091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":414134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Siegel, D. I.","contributorId":77562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ruud, O.","contributorId":7491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruud","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chasar, L.I.","contributorId":7076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chasar","given":"L.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reeve, A.S.","contributorId":64446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeve","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70027268,"text":"70027268 - 2004 - Exceptionally fast growth rate of <100-yr-old tufa, Big Soda Lake, Nevada: Implications for using tufa as a peleoclimate proxy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70027268","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exceptionally fast growth rate of <100-yr-old tufa, Big Soda Lake, Nevada: Implications for using tufa as a peleoclimate proxy","docAbstract":"Large tufa mounds (>3 m tall, with a basal circumference of 5 m) have been discovered on the margin of Big Soda Lake, Nevada, USA. These tufa mounds are rooted at a maximum of 4 m below the current lake surface and are actively forming from groundwater seepage, which can be seen emanating from the top of the tufa mounds. Big Soda Lake is a volcanic crater lake whose water level is maintained exclusively by groundwater. The age of the tufa mounds is well constrained because prior to the development of the Newlands Irrigation Project in 1907, the water level was ???18 m lower than the current lake level. The vertical columnar nature of the tufa mounds indicates that they formed under the lake and not subaerially. Thus, the tufa mounds are <100 yr old and have grown at a rate ???30 mm/yr. Stable oxygen and carbon isotope analyses of tufa carbonate compared to isotopic analyses of groundwater and lake water and hydrochemical data indicate that the fluids responsible for their precipitation are a simple mixture of modern groundwater and lake water and do not reflect a recent climate signature. The exceptionally fast growth of the tufa mounds indicates that large tufa deposits may form almost instantaneously in geologic time. Given this potential for rapid growth and the fact that variations in isotopic compositions of tufa deposits have been interpreted in terms of changes in paleoclimate and changes in the composition of recharge water over thousands of years, care should be taken when trying to determine the significance of variations in isotopic or chemical compositions of tufas that may have been caused by mixing with groundwater. ?? 2004 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G20386.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Rosen, M.R., Arehart, G., and Lico, M., 2004, Exceptionally fast growth rate of <100-yr-old tufa, Big Soda Lake, Nevada: Implications for using tufa as a peleoclimate proxy: Geology, v. 32, no. 5, p. 409-412, https://doi.org/10.1130/G20386.1.","startPage":"409","endPage":"412","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209301,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G20386.1"},{"id":235601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0da4e4b0c8380cd5310a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosen, Michael R.","contributorId":43096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arehart, G.B.","contributorId":94476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arehart","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lico, M.S.","contributorId":36573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lico","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026831,"text":"70026831 - 2004 - Numerical studies of gas production from several CH4 hydrate zones at the Mallik site, Mackenzie Delta, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70026831","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2419,"text":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical studies of gas production from several CH4 hydrate zones at the Mallik site, Mackenzie Delta, Canada","docAbstract":"The Mallik site represents an onshore permafrost-associated gas hydrate accumulation in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. A gas hydrate research well was drilled at the site in 1998. The objective of this study is the analysis of various gas production scenarios from five methane hydrate-bearing zones at the Mallik site. In Zone #1, numerical simulations using the EOSHYDR2 model indicated that gas production from hydrates at the Mallik site was possible by depressurizing a thin free gas zone at the base of the hydrate stability field. Horizontal wells appeared to have a slight advantage over vertical wells, while multiwell systems involving a combination of depressurization and thermal stimulation offered superior performance, especially when a hot noncondensible gas was injected. Zone #2, which involved a gas hydrate layer with an underlying aquifer, could yield significant amounts of gas originating entirely from gas hydrates, the volumes of which increased with the production rate. However, large amounts of water were also produced. Zones #3, #4 and #5 were lithologically isolated gas hydrate-bearing deposits with no underlying zones of mobile gas or water. In these zones, thermal stimulation by circulating hot water in the well was used to induce dissociation. Sensitivity studies indicated that the methane release from the hydrate accumulations increased with the gas hydrate saturation, the initial formation temperature, the temperature of the circulating water in the well, and the formation thermal conductivity. Methane production appears to be less sensitive to the specific heat of the rock and of the hydrate, and to the permeability of the formation. ?? 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.petrol.2004.02.015","issn":"09204105","usgsCitation":"Moridis, G.J., Collett, T.S., Dallimore, S., Satoh, T., Hancock, S., and Weatherill, B., 2004, Numerical studies of gas production from several CH4 hydrate zones at the Mallik site, Mackenzie Delta, Canada: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, v. 43, no. 3-4, p. 219-238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2004.02.015.","startPage":"219","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478095,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6214t0m1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209186,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2004.02.015"},{"id":235429,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6931e4b0c8380cd73bf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moridis, G. J.","contributorId":64863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moridis","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dallimore, S.R.","contributorId":44313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dallimore","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Satoh, T.","contributorId":12667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Satoh","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hancock, S.","contributorId":71742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hancock","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weatherill, B.","contributorId":16205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weatherill","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70027513,"text":"70027513 - 2004 - Strain accumulation across the Coast Ranges at the latitude of San Francisco, 1994-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-08T15:53:31.062884","indexId":"70027513","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strain accumulation across the Coast Ranges at the latitude of San Francisco, 1994-2000","docAbstract":"A 66-monument geodetic array spanning the Coast Ranges near San Francisco has been surveyed more than eight times by GIPS between late 1993 and early 2001. The measured horizontal velocities of the monuments are well represented by uniform, right-lateral, simple shear parallel to N29°W. (The local strike of the San Andreas Fault is ∼N34°W.) The observed areal dilatation rate of 6.9 ± 10.0 nstrain yr−1 (quoted uncertainty is one standard deviation and extension is reckoned positive) is not significantly different from zero, which implies that the observed strain accumulation could be released by strike-slip faulting alone. Our results are consistent with the slip rates assigned by the Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities [2003] to the principal faults (San Gregorio, San Andreas, Hayward-Rodgers Creek, Calaveras-Concord-Green Valley, and Greenville Faults) cutting across the GPS array. The vector sum of those slip rates is is 39.8 ± 2.6 mm yr−1 N29.8°W ± 2.8°, whereas the motion across the GPS array (breadth 120 km) inferred from the uniform strain rate approximation is 38.7 ± 1.2 mm yr−1 N29.0°W ± 0.9° right-lateral shear and 0.4 ± 0.9 mm yr−1 N61°E ± 0.9° extension. We interpret the near coincidence of these rates and the absence of significant accumulation of areal dilatation to imply that right-lateral slip on the principal faults can release the accumulating strain; major strain release on reverse faults subparallel to the San Andreas Fault within the Coast Ranges is not required.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2003JB002612","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., Gan, W., Prescott, W., and Svarc, J.L., 2004, Strain accumulation across the Coast Ranges at the latitude of San Francisco, 1994-2000: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 109, no. 3, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002612.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jb002612","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238194,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"Coast Ranges","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 35.94243575255424\n ],\n [\n -121.22314453124999,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -121.00341796874999,\n 36.474306755095235\n ],\n [\n -121.77246093750001,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -122.2119140625,\n 38.22091976683121\n ],\n [\n -122.71728515624999,\n 38.22091976683121\n ],\n [\n -122.9150390625,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 35.94243575255424\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b988fe4b08c986b31c096","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gan, Weijun","contributorId":33083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gan","given":"Weijun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Svarc, J. L.","contributorId":75995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027512,"text":"70027512 - 2004 - Importance of the Vadose Zone in analyses of unconfined aquifer tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T07:34:19","indexId":"70027512","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of the Vadose Zone in analyses of unconfined aquifer tests","docAbstract":"Analytical models commonly used to interpret unconfined aquifer tests have been based on upper-boundary (water table) conditions that do not adequately address effects of time-varying drainage from the vadose zone. As a result, measured and simulated drawdown data may not agree and hydraulic parameters may be inaccurately estimated. A 72-hour aquifer test conducted in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in a slightly heterogeneous, coarse-grained, glacial outwash deposit was found to be a good candidate for testing models with different upper-boundary conditions. In general, under the commonly invoked assumption of instantaneous drainage, measured and simulated draw-downs were found to agree with one another only at late time and early time. In the intermediate-time range, because of delayed drainage, measured drawdowns always exceeded simulated values, most noticeably in piezometers located near the water table. To reduce these discrepancies, an analytical model was developed that can fully account for time-varying drainage given that the aquifer is not strongly heterogeneous. The approach is flexible as the model, which makes use of empirical relations, does not constrain drainage to follow any particular functional relation. By this approach, measured and simulated drawdowns agree over the complete time range, and the estimated parameters are consistent with prior studies and with what is known about the aquifer geometry, stratigraphy, and composition. By properly accounting for vadose zone drainage, it was found that realistic estimates of all hydraulic parameters, including specific yield, could be obtained with or without the use of late-time data.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02669.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Moench, A., 2004, Importance of the Vadose Zone in analyses of unconfined aquifer tests: Ground Water, v. 42, no. 2, p. 223-233, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02669.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"233","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211040,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02669.x"}],"volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3946e4b0c8380cd61880","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moench, A.F.","contributorId":91495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027514,"text":"70027514 - 2004 - Crystallographic controls on the frictional behavior of dry and water-saturated sheet structure minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-08T15:41:02.680847","indexId":"70027514","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crystallographic controls on the frictional behavior of dry and water-saturated sheet structure minerals","docAbstract":"We compare the frictional strengths of 17 sheet structure mineral powders, measured under dry and water-saturated conditions, to identify the factors that cause many of them to be relatively weak. The dry coefficient of friction μ ranges upward from 0.2 for graphite, leveling off at 0.8 for margarite, clintonite, gibbsite, kaolinite, and lizardite. The values of μ (dry) correlate directly with calculated (001) interlayer bond strengths of the minerals. This correlation occurs because shear becomes localized along boundary and Riedel shears and the platy minerals in them rotate into alignment with the shear planes. For those gouges with μ (dry) < 0.8, shear occurs by breaking the interlayer bonds to form new cleavage surfaces. Where μ (dry) = 0.8, consistent with Byerlee's law, the interlayer bonds are sufficiently strong that other frictional processes dominate. The transition in dry friction mechanisms corresponds to calculated surface energies of 2–3 J/m2. Adding water causes μ to decrease for every mineral tested except graphite. If the minerals are separated into groups with similar crystal structures, μ (wet) increases with increasing interlayer bond strength within each group. This relationship also holds for the swelling clay montmorillonite, whose water-saturated strength is consistent with the strengths of nonswelling clays of similar crystal structure. Water in the saturated gouges forms thin, structured films between the plate surfaces. The polar water molecules are bonded to the plate surfaces in proportion to the mineral's surface energy, and μ (wet) reflects the stresses required to shear through the water films.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2003JB002582","usgsCitation":"Moore, D., and Lockner, D., 2004, Crystallographic controls on the frictional behavior of dry and water-saturated sheet structure minerals: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 109, no. 3, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002582.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478106,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jb002582","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd03e4b0c8380cd4e5a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Diane E. 0000-0002-8641-1075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-1075","contributorId":106496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Diane E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockner, D.A. 0000-0001-8630-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":85603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027438,"text":"70027438 - 2004 - From the field: Efficacy of detecting Chronic Wasting Disease via sampling hunter-killed white-tailed deer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-03T16:52:13.631711","indexId":"70027438","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From the field: Efficacy of detecting Chronic Wasting Disease via sampling hunter-killed white-tailed deer","docAbstract":"Surveillance programs for Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in free-ranging cervids often use a standard of being able to detect 1% prevalence when determining minimum sample sizes. However, 1% prevalence may represent >10,000 infected animals in a population of 1 million, and most wildlife managers would prefer to detect the presence of CWD when far fewer infected animals exist. We wanted to detect the presence of CWD in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Pennsylvania when the disease was present in only 1 of 21 wildlife management units (WMUs) statewide. We used computer simulation to estimate the probability of detecting CWD based on a sampling design to detect the presence of CWD at 0.1% and 1.0% prevalence (23-76 and 225-762 infected deer, respectively) using tissue samples collected from hunter-killed deer. The probability of detection at 0.1% prevalence was <30% with sample sizes of ???6,000 deer, and the probability of detection at 1.0% prevalence was 46-72% with statewide sample sizes of 2,000-6,000 deer. We believe that testing of hunter-killed deer is an essential part of any surveillance program for CWD, but our results demonstrated the importance of a multifaceted surveillance approach for CWD detection rather than sole reliance on testing hunter-killed deer.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[267:FTFEOD]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Diefenbach, D., Rosenberry, C., and Boyd, R.C., 2004, From the field: Efficacy of detecting Chronic Wasting Disease via sampling hunter-killed white-tailed deer: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 32, no. 1, p. 267-272, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[267:FTFEOD]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"272","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.52978515625,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -74.86083984375,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -74.86083984375,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -80.52978515625,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -80.52978515625,\n 39.774769485295465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13ffe4b0c8380cd54873","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":106592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, C.S.","contributorId":22884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyd, Robert C.","contributorId":71758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12891,"text":"Pennsylvania Game Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":413676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027275,"text":"70027275 - 2004 - Interpretation of concentration‐discharge patterns in acid‐neutralizing capacity during storm flow in three small, forested catchments in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:59:11","indexId":"70027275","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpretation of concentration‐discharge patterns in acid‐neutralizing capacity during storm flow in three small, forested catchments in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","docAbstract":"Episodic concentration‐discharge (c‐Q) plots are a popular tool for interpreting the hydrochemical response of small, forested catchments. Application of the method involves assuming an underlying conceptual model of runoff processes and comparing observed c‐Q looping patterns with those predicted by the model. We analyzed and interpreted c‐Q plots of acid‐neutralizing capacity (ANC) for 133 storms collected over a 7‐year period from three catchments in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Because of their underlying lithologies the catchments represent a gradient in both hydrologic and geochemical behavior, ranging from a flashy, acidic, poorly buffered catchment to a moderate, neutral, well‐buffered catchment. The relative frequency of observed anticlockwise c‐Q loops in each catchment decreased along this gradient. Discriminant function analysis indicated that prestorm base flow ANC was an important predictor of loop rotation direction; however, the strength of the predictive relationship decreased along the same gradient. The trends were consistent with several equally plausible three‐component mixing models. Uncertainty regarding end‐member timing and relative volume and possible time variation in end‐member concentrations were key factors precluding identification of a unique model. The inconclusive results obtained on this large data set suggest that identification of underlying runoff mechanisms on the basis of a small number of c‐Q plots without additional supporting evidence is likely to be misleading.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003WR002709","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.C., Chanat, J.G., Hornberger, G., and Webb, J., 2004, Interpretation of concentration‐discharge patterns in acid‐neutralizing capacity during storm flow in three small, forested catchments in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia: Water Resources Research, v. 40, no. 5, Article W05301; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002709.","productDescription":"Article W05301; 9 p.","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.20068359374999,\n 38.6275996886131\n ],\n [\n -78.1512451171875,\n 38.7283759182398\n ],\n [\n -78.12103271484375,\n 38.76693348394693\n ],\n [\n -78.1182861328125,\n 38.86109762182888\n ],\n [\n -78.19244384765625,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -78.25286865234375,\n 38.86965182408357\n ],\n [\n -78.24188232421875,\n 38.83756825896614\n ],\n [\n -78.30230712890624,\n 38.841846903808985\n ],\n [\n -78.3929443359375,\n 38.77121637244273\n ],\n [\n -78.4259033203125,\n 38.713375686254714\n ],\n [\n -78.3984375,\n 38.638327308061875\n ],\n [\n -78.4918212890625,\n 38.55031345037904\n ],\n [\n -78.5577392578125,\n 38.567495358827344\n ],\n [\n -78.59344482421875,\n 38.51378825951165\n ],\n [\n -78.55224609374999,\n 38.436379603\n ],\n [\n -78.607177734375,\n 38.41271038284709\n ],\n [\n -78.71429443359375,\n 38.33088431959971\n ],\n [\n -78.80218505859375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -78.826904296875,\n 38.21012996629426\n ],\n [\n -78.82965087890625,\n 38.13239618602294\n ],\n [\n -78.82415771484375,\n 38.07404145941957\n ],\n [\n -78.70330810546875,\n 38.1237539824224\n ],\n [\n -78.695068359375,\n 38.201496974020806\n ],\n [\n -78.56597900390625,\n 38.28131307922966\n ],\n [\n -78.45611572265625,\n 38.34381037525605\n ],\n [\n -78.37921142578125,\n 38.371808917147554\n ],\n [\n -78.3544921875,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -78.31054687499999,\n 38.50948995925553\n ],\n [\n -78.23638916015625,\n 38.55031345037904\n ],\n [\n -78.23638916015625,\n 38.59326051987162\n ],\n [\n -78.20068359374999,\n 38.6275996886131\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d6ce4b0c8380cd6356d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":412994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chanat, Jeffrey G. 0000-0002-3629-7307 jchanat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3629-7307","contributorId":5062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chanat","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jchanat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":412992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornberger, George M.","contributorId":63894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"George M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Webb, James R.","contributorId":74431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"James R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53463,"text":"wri034280 - 2004 - Water-quality characteristics and trends for selected sites in or near the Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center, South Dakota, 1973-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-29T20:57:14.326907","indexId":"wri034280","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4280","title":"Water-quality characteristics and trends for selected sites in or near the Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center, South Dakota, 1973-2000","docAbstract":"This report presents data on water-quality samples that were collected in and near the Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center from 1973 through 2000. The investigation is a collaborated effort between the U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Discipline (WRD), and Geography (formerly National Mapping) Discipline, EROS Data Center.\r\n\r\nA water-quality monitoring program was initiated in 1973, when the EROS Data Center was constructed, and continues at the present time (2003). Under this program, water-quality samples were collected at various sites on the EROS Data Center's property and in the surrounding area. These sites include 4 wastewater-treatment lagoons, 1 site on EROS Lake located behind the EROS Data Center, 2 stream sites near the EROS Data Center, and 9 ground-water wells surrounding the EROS Data Center. Additionally, 3 sites on EROS Lake, 7 stream sites, and 9 ground-water sites are located within the study area and have been sampled during the period covered in the report. Some of these additional sites were part of the initial water-quality monitoring conducted during and immediately after the construction of the EROS Data Center. For other sites, some special sampling (depth-profile and bottom material) has occurred at times during the sampling history; however, these sites have little water-quality data and were not used for statistical or trend analysis.\r\n\r\nA trend-analysis program, Estimate TREND (ESTREND), was used to analyze for trends for one surface-water site, the Big Sioux River, which was the only site that had a substantial number of samples collected during an extensive period. The ESTREND trend-analysis program was used to analyze 16 constituents. Specific conductance and dissolved orthophosphate were the only constituents determined to have statistically significant trends. Results showed an increasing trend for specific conductance and a decreasing trend for dissolved orthophosphate.\r\n\r\nScatter plots with regression smoothing lines for selected constituents are presented for selected surface-water and ground-water sites. Regression analyses using a Lowess (Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing) smoothing line for Split Rock Creek, EROS Lake, the lagoon sites, and the ground-water sites indicated variable results, with some constituents indicating an increasing or decreasing trend, some having varied results, and others indicating no change during the sampling period.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034280","usgsCitation":"Neitzert, K.M., 2004, Water-quality characteristics and trends for selected sites in or near the Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center, South Dakota, 1973-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4280, v, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034280.","productDescription":"v, 64 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420272,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68227.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":4681,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034280/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177583,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.7667,\n 43.8333\n ],\n [\n -96.7667,\n 43.6083\n ],\n [\n -96.5333,\n 43.6083\n ],\n [\n -96.5333,\n 43.8333\n ],\n [\n -96.7667,\n 43.8333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cde4b07f02db544bc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neitzert, Kathleen M. kmneitze@usgs.gov","contributorId":1833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neitzert","given":"Kathleen","email":"kmneitze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027276,"text":"70027276 - 2004 - Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera, California, provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-17T10:43:55","indexId":"70027276","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera, California, provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing","docAbstract":"Most of 26 small (0.4≲M≲3.1) microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera in mid-1997, analyzed using data from a dense temporary network of 69 digital three-component seismometers, have significantly non-double-couple focal mechanisms, inconsistent with simple shear faulting. We determined their mechanisms by inverting P- and S-wave polarities and amplitude ratios using linear-programming methods, and tracing rays through a three-dimensional Earth model derived using tomography. More than 80% of the mechanisms have positive (volume increase) isotropic components and most have compensated linear-vector dipole components with outward-directed major dipoles. The simplest interpretation of these mechanisms is combined shear and extensional faulting with a volume-compensating process, such as rapid flow of water, steam, or CO2 into opening tensile cracks. Source orientations of earthquakes in the south moat suggest extensional faulting on ESE-striking subvertical planes, an orientation consistent with planes defined by earthquake hypocenters. The focal mechanisms show that clearly defined hypocentral planes in different locations result from different source processes. One such plane in the eastern south moat is consistent with extensional faulting, while one near Casa Diablo Hot Springs reflects en echelon right-lateral shear faulting. Source orientations at Mammoth Mountain vary systematically with location, indicating that the volcano influences the local stress field. Events in a ‘spasmodic burst’ at Mammoth Mountain have practically identical mechanisms that indicate nearly pure compensated tensile failure and high fluid mobility. Five earthquakes had mechanisms involving small volume decreases, but these may not be significant. No mechanisms have volumetric moment fractions larger than that of a force dipole, but the reason for this fact is unknown.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00420-7","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Foulger, G., Julian, B., Hill, D., Pitt, A., Malin, P., and Shalev, E., 2004, Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera, California, provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 132, no. 1, p. 45-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00420-7.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209009,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00420-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.96545410156251,\n 37.62075814551956\n ],\n [\n -118.60427856445311,\n 37.62075814551956\n ],\n [\n -118.60427856445311,\n 37.79350762410675\n ],\n [\n -118.96545410156251,\n 37.79350762410675\n ],\n [\n -118.96545410156251,\n 37.62075814551956\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6740e4b0c8380cd73245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foulger, G.R.","contributorId":14439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foulger","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julian, B.R.","contributorId":101272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitt, A.D.","contributorId":41440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitt","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Malin, P.E.","contributorId":108104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malin","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shalev, E.","contributorId":95659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shalev","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70027480,"text":"70027480 - 2004 - Biochemical characterization of the eelgrass Zostera marina at its southern distribution limit in the North Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-29T21:14:30.498795","indexId":"70027480","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1239,"text":"Ciencias Marinas","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Biochemical characterization of the eelgrass Zostera marina at its southern distribution limit in the North Pacific","title":"Biochemical characterization of the eelgrass Zostera marina at its southern distribution limit in the North Pacific","docAbstract":"The eelgrass Zostera marina L. is distributed along the Baja California Peninsula (Mexico) where it is exposed to a wide range of irradiances and temperatures that could promote changes in its biochemical composition. Consequently, the objective of this study was to characterize the variations in the levels of chlorophyll, carbohydrates, proteins, fiber, ash and calories in the shoots of Z. marina from the north (San Quintin) and south (Ojo de Liebre and San Ignacio lagoons) of the peninsula. Temperature in the southern lagoons was 5-6??C higher than in the northern lagoon; likewise, in situ irradiance was two-fold greater in the south than in the north. As a result of the lower irradiance levels, the concentration of chlorophyll in the shoots of Z. marina was twice as high (1.7 mg gWW-1) in the northern lagoon than in the southern ones (0.8 mg gWW-1). Similar to chlorophyll levels, the concentration of soluble carbohydrates in the shoots was greater in the northern lagoon than in the southern ones, suggesting that the high levels of chlorophyll are enough to compensate for the low irradiance levels and to maintain a positive carbon balance at San Quintin. On the other hand, the levels of proteins in the shoots from the north of the peninsula were slightly lower than those from the southern populations. In general, these results suggest that the different environmental conditions to which Z. marina is exposed along the peninsula impact its biochemical composition.","language":"Spanish, English","doi":"10.7773/cm.v30i11.123","usgsCitation":"Cabello-Pasini, A., Muniz-Salazar, R., and Ward, D.H., 2004, Biochemical characterization of the eelgrass Zostera marina at its southern distribution limit in the North Pacific: Ciencias Marinas, v. 30, no. 1 A, p. 21-34, https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v30i11.123.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238333,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":478262,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v30i11.123","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1 A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f141e4b0c8380cd4ab1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cabello-Pasini, Alejandro","contributorId":80636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabello-Pasini","given":"Alejandro","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muniz-Salazar, Raquel","contributorId":194242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muniz-Salazar","given":"Raquel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":413836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027277,"text":"70027277 - 2004 - Hydrogeologic controls on the transport and fate of nitrate in ground water beneath riparian buffer zones: Results from thirteen studies across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-27T18:53:07.538873","indexId":"70027277","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3724,"text":"Water Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeologic controls on the transport and fate of nitrate in ground water beneath riparian buffer zones: Results from thirteen studies across the United States","docAbstract":"During the last two decades there has been growing interest in the capacity of riparian buffer zones to remove nitrate from ground waters moving through them. Riparian zone sediments often contain organic carbon, which favors formation of reducing conditions that can lead to removal of nitrate through denitrification. Over the past decade the National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program has investigated the transport and fate of nitrate in ground and surface waters in study areas across the United States. In these studies riparian zone efficiency in removing nitrate varied widely as a result of variations in hydrogeologic factors. These factors include (1) denitrification in the up-gradient aquifer due to the presence of organic carbon or other electron donors, (2) long residence times (>50 years) along ground-water flow paths allowing even slow reactions to completely remove nitrate, (3) dilution of nitrate enriched waters with older water having little nitrate, (4) bypassing of riparian zones due to extensive use of drains and ditches, and (5) movement of ground water along deep flow paths below reducing zones. By developing a better understanding of the hydrogeologic settings in which riparian buffer zones are likely to be inefficient we can develop improved nutrient management plans.
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Education","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil science and geology: Connects, disconnects and new opportunities in geoscience education","docAbstract":"Despite historical linkages, the fields of geology and soil science have developed along largely divergent paths in the United States during much of the mid- to late- twentieth century. The shift in recent decades within both disciplines to greater emphasis on environmental quality issues and a systems approach has created new opportunities for collaboration and cross-training. Because of the importance of the soil as a dynamic interface between the hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere, introductory and advanced soil science classes are now being taught in a number of earth and environmental science departments. The National Research Council's recent report, Basic Research Opportunities in Earth Science, highlights the soil zone as part of the land surface-to-groundwater \"critical zone\" requiring additional investigation. To better prepare geology undergraduates to deal with complex environmental problems, their training should include a fundamental understanding of the nature and properties of soils. Those undergraduate geology students with an interest in this area should be encouraged to view soil science as a viable earth science specialty area for graduate study. Summer internships such as those offered by the National Science Foundation-funded Integrative Graduate Education, Research, and Training (IGERT) programs offer geology undergraduates the opportunity to explore research and career opportunities in soil science.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.5408/1089-9995-52.2.191","issn":"10899995","usgsCitation":"Landa, E.R., 2004, Soil science and geology: Connects, disconnects and new opportunities in geoscience education: Journal of Geoscience Education, v. 52, no. 2, p. 191-196, https://doi.org/10.5408/1089-9995-52.2.191.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"196","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9219e4b08c986b319cd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landa, E. R.","contributorId":100002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027474,"text":"70027474 - 2004 - Determinism in fish assemblages of floodplain lakes of the vastly disturbed Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:47","indexId":"70027474","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determinism in fish assemblages of floodplain lakes of the vastly disturbed Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"The Mississippi Alluvial Valley between southern Illinois and southern Louisiana contains hundreds of floodplain lakes, most of which have been adversely affected by landscape modifications used to control flooding and support agriculture. We examined fish assemblages in lakes of this region to determine whether deterministic patterns developed in relation to prominent abiotic lake characteristics and to explore whether relevant abiotic factors could be linked to specific assemblage structuring mechanisms. The distributions of 14 taxa in 29 lakes were governed primarily by two gradients that contrasted assemblages in terms of lake area, lake elongation, and water clarity. The knowledge of whether a lake was clear or turbid, large or small, and long or short helped determine fish assemblage characteristics. Abiotic factors influenced fish assemblage structures, plausibly through limitations on foraging and physiological tolerances. Determinism in assemblage organization of floodplain lakes relative to recurrence in physicochemical features has been documented for unaltered rivers. Whereas the Mississippi Alluvial Valley has been subjected to vast anthropogenic disturbances and is not a fully functional floodplain river, fish assemblages in its floodplain lakes remain deterministic and organized by the underlying factors that also dictate assemblages in unaltered rivers. In advanced stages of lake aging, fish assemblages in these lakes are expected to largely include species that thrive in turbid, shallow systems with few predators and low oxygen concentrations. The observed patterns related to physical characteristics of these lakes suggest three general conservation foci, including (1) watershed management to control erosion, (2) removal of sediments or increases in water level to alleviate depth reductions and derived detriments to water physicochemistry, and (3) management of fish populations through stockings, removals, and harvest regulations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/03-060","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L., and Lucas, G., 2004, Determinism in fish assemblages of floodplain lakes of the vastly disturbed Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 133, no. 2, p. 358-370, https://doi.org/10.1577/03-060.","startPage":"358","endPage":"370","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211066,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/03-060"},{"id":238230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fffae4b0c8380cd4f4ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, L.E.","contributorId":58406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lucas, G.M.","contributorId":47571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}