The lower shoreface, a transitional subaqueous region extending from the seaward limit of the surf zone to beyond the closure depth, serves as a sediment reservoir and pathway in sandy beach environments over annual to millennial time scales. Despite the important role this region plays in shoreline dynamics, the morphodynamics of the lower shoreface remain poorly quantified and understood. To better understand controls on shoreface morphology, here we combine energetics-based suspended sediment transport formulae (Ortiz & Aston 2016) with empirical wave climate data to incorporate temporal complexity in modeled equilibrium profiles and sediment flux rates. The equilibrium shoreface shape computed using a full wave climate is steeper in shallower water and less steep in the deeper reaches compared to profiles computed using single wave characteristics. Using a full wave climate to simulate steady-state morphology will yield steeper profiles in shallow water. Suspended sediment transport rates also vary in direction and magnitude at different equilibrium profile depths and can potentially inform the location of morphodynamic boundaries in the shoreface. Our results reveal how infrequent storm waves affect shoreface slopes, with large events tending to drive sediment onshore in the deeper portions of the profile. This work explores a few ways to add complexity to simple energetics-based frameworks to reproduce empirical bathymetric data more accurately and provides insight toward refining coastal source-to-sink models.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2023, proceedings of the 10th international conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2023","conferenceDate":"April 11-15, 2023","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, Louisiana, United States","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific","doi":"10.1142/9789811275135_0260","usgsCitation":"Gillen, M., Ashton, A.D., Miselis, J.L., Ciarletta, D.J., Wei, E.A., and Sherwood, C.R., 2023, Incorporating wave climate complexity into modeling lower shoreface morphology and transport, in Coastal Sediments 2023, proceedings of the 10th international conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, April 11-15, 2023, p. 2862-2874, https://doi.org/10.1142/9789811275135_0260.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2862","endPage":"2874","ipdsId":"IP-147824","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417085,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wang, Ping","contributorId":78646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Ping","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872817,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royer, Elizabeth","contributorId":305463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Royer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872818,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosati, Julie D.","contributorId":112486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosati","given":"Julie D.","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872819,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Gillen, Megan 0000-0002-2375-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-6519","contributorId":267190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillen","given":"Megan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55436,"text":"MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science & Engineering, Cambridge and Woods Hole, MA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashton, Andrew D.","contributorId":300047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashton","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16633,"text":"WHOI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miselis, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-4925-3979 jmiselis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4925-3979","contributorId":3914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miselis","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmiselis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ciarletta, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8555-2239","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8555-2239","contributorId":256700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciarletta","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wei, Emily A. 0000-0003-4008-0933","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4008-0933","contributorId":223488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sherwood, Christopher R. 0000-0001-6135-3553 csherwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-3553","contributorId":2866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Christopher","email":"csherwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70244217,"text":"70244217 - 2023 - Guidance for parameterizing post-fire hydrologic models with in situ infiltration measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-18T13:52:44.245324","indexId":"70244217","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-16T07:20:50","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Guidance for parameterizing post-fire hydrologic models with in situ infiltration measurements","docAbstract":"Wildfire can alter soil-hydraulic properties, often resulting in an increased prevalence of infiltration-excess overland flow and greater potential for debris-flow hazards. Mini disk tension infiltrometers (MDIs) can be used to estimate soil hydraulic properties, such as field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) and wetting front potential (Hf), and their spatial variability following wildfire. However, the small (point-scale) footprint of MDI measurements makes it challenging to use these data to parameterize hydrologic models at the hillslope and watershed scales where hydrologic hazards, such as debris flows, initiate. Here, we designed numerical experiments to estimate spatially constant or watershed-scale effective hydrologic parameters (EHPs) that approximate the response of spatially variable hydrologic parameters with distributions derived from MDI measurements at five sites in the southwestern United States. We found that it is possible to define EHPs for both Kfs and Hf based on the MDI measurements that lead to reasonable approximations of run-off hydrographs at the outlets of small watersheds (<1 km2). We found that watershed EHPs are functions of rainfall characteristics, although they are most sensitive to rainfall intensity and relatively less sensitive to the temporal distribution of rainfall. EHPs are lower than the arithmetic mean of the MDI measurements and are better approximated by the median or geometric mean of the MDI measurements, particularly for storms with recurrence intervals of approximately 1 year or less that commonly initiate post-fire debris flows. This work demonstrated that using the proposed upscaling method to estimate watershed-scale EHPs, as opposed to approximating EHPs based on the arithmetic mean of the MDI measurements, improved the ability of a hydrologic model to identify storms that are likely to produce debris flows. Results improved our ability to link point-scale MDI measurements and watershed-scale EHPs in post-fire settings and helped guide our ability to use MDI data to parameterize post-fire hydrologic models.
Since their introduction to North America in the 1980s, research to develop effective control tools for invasive mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis bugensis) has been ongoing across various research institutions using a range of testing methods. Inconsistencies in experimental methods and reporting present challenges for comparing data, repeating experiments, and applying results. The Invasive Mussel Collaborative established the Toxicity Testing Work Group (TTWG) in 2019 to identify “best practices” and guide development of a standard framework for dreissenid mussel toxicity testing protocols. We reviewed the literature related to laboratory-based dreissenid mussel toxicity tests and determined the degree to which standard guidelines have been used and their applicability to dreissenid mussel testing. We extracted detailed methodology from 99 studies from the peer-reviewed and gray literature and conducted a separate analysis for studies using presettlement and postsettlement mussels. We identified specific components of methods and approaches that could be refined or standardized for dreissenid mussels. These components included species identification, collection methods, size/age class distinction, maintenance practices, testing criteria, sample size, response measures, reporting parameters, exposure methods, and mortality criteria. We consulted experts in the field of aquatic toxicology and dreissenid mussel biology on our proposed. The final recommendations contained in the present review are based on published standard guidelines, methods reported in the published and gray literature, and the expertise of TTWG members and an external panel. In addition, our review identifies research needs for dreissenid mussel testing including improved methods for early–life stage testing, comparative data on life stages and between dreissenid mussel species, inclusion of a reference toxicant, and additional testing of nontarget species (i.e., other aquatic organisms). Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1649–1666. © 2023 His Majesty the King in Right of Canada. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Environment and Climate Change Canada. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
We trapped, anesthetized, and fit 16 female feral swine (Sus scrofa) with Global Positioning System (GPS) collars in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) to develop predictive summer and winter models for more effective population control efforts. Given the highly diverse habitat and topography in GRSM and the spatial extent of our dataset, we employed Step Selection Function (SSF) to evaluate resource selection at the 3rd-order level and Resource Selection Function (RSF) models at the 2nd-order level for both summer and winter seasons. The summer SSF and RSF models suggested relatively similar levels of selection, whereas the winter models differed by method. We created a straightforward consensus model to better visualize the agreement and constraints of each set of models. In summer, feral swine used lower slopes regardless of elevation, especially those closer to human-dominated spaces such as along paved and gravel roadways. In winter, feral swine maintained preference for lower slopes but preferred oak-dominated forest areas and selection for human development was less than in summer. Wildlife managers can use these models to better focus feral swine surveillance and management in GRSM. Managers can identify areas of high use by season and plan control activities that are both accessible and highly efficient. The combination and consensus framework presented here can be applied to other systems where species’ habitat selection may result in incongruous results across different levels of selection or seasons of interest.
During the economic boom of the mid part of the first decade of the 2000s in northwestern Nevada, municipal and housing growth increased use of the water resources of this semi-arid region. In 2008, when the economy slowed, new housing development stopped, and immediate pressure on groundwater resources abated. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, began a hydrogeologic study of the middle Carson River Basin. The first half of the study reviewed and synthesized previous geologic studies and contributed new datasets that served as a foundation for a three-dimensional, transient numerical model of groundwater and surface-water flow for the middle Carson River Basin extending from Eagle Valley to Churchill Valley. The model can be used to evaluate the effects of proposed alternative management strategies on groundwater sustainability, flows in the Carson River, and routine operation of Lahontan Reservoir and can also provide a basis for basin-wide investigations seeking to quantitatively evaluate the effects of climate change or yet-to-be-determined alternative management strategies.
The middle Carson model was constructed using the U.S. Geological Survey groundwater modeling software MODFLOW-NWT. MODFLOW is widely used groundwater modeling software and is well-suited for evaluating groundwater and surface-water interactions. The model uses 550-feet square grid cells that align with the previously published model for Carson Valley (adjacent upstream valley). Six grid layers with more finely resolved vertical resolution near the perimeter of the active model domain and near surface-water features, compared to other areas of the active model domain, hone the simulated groundwater and surface-water exchanges. In addition to simulating groundwater and surface-water interaction, crop and phreatophyte evapotranspiration, lake evaporation, mountain-front recharge, recharge from irrigation return flows, and groundwater pumping are also simulated. Surface-water flow entering the model domain, including the Carson River, tributary inflow from perennial streams in Eagle Valley, and trans-basin imports through the Truckee Canal (surface water diverted from the Truckee River) are specified according to U.S. Geological Survey streamgage records. Groundwater pumpage and surface-water diversions to 10 agricultural ditches and the managed release from Lahontan Reservoir, at the end of the middle Carson River Basin, are specified according to water-manager records.
The model simulation period extended from 2000 through 2010 (January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2010) using 574 weekly stress periods, with a single steady-state stress period at the beginning of the simulation that establishes initial conditions by approximating average conditions during the transient simulation period. All available observations for this period were used during the model calibration process, performed using automated parameter-estimation software. Calibration targets included observations of groundwater elevations in wells, streamflow, differences in observed streamflow between successive streamgages and actual evapotranspiration from irrigated lands. Among all 5,296 simulated and observed groundwater level pairs, the mean error was 1.42 feet; the mean absolute error, 7.71 feet; and the percent bias was −0.1 percent.
Three alternative management scenarios, run using the entire period of analysis (2000–10), were simulated to improve understanding of the potential effects of (1) loss of irrigated agricultural lands following conversion of water-rights to municipal groundwater rights; (2) reclaiming treated wastewater with induction wells; and (3) exercising permitted but under-utilized groundwater rights. Scenarios 2 and 3 were further explored using two and four subscenarios, respectively. Simulated scenario results ranged from having little effect on the groundwater system relative to a baseline simulation to having spatially extensive and large groundwater-level declines (10 to 20 feet) compared to the baseline simulation. None of the simulated scenarios increased delivery of river flows to Lahontan Reservoir. On the contrary, one of the subscenarios under alternative management scenario 3 led to surface-water delivery shortfalls of more than 10,000 acre-feet per year.
Future model improvements may include an extension of the model simulation period backward and forward in time and directly linking it to the upstream Carson Valley groundwater model. Furthermore, converting this MODFLOW model to a GSFLOW model, which fully integrates groundwater and surface-water flows including precipitation runoff and infiltration, may provide an improved tool for comprehensive management of water-resources in the middle Carson River Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235008","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation withv the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Morway, E.D., Buto, S.G., Niswonger, R.G., and Huntington, J.L., 2023, Assessing potential effects of changes in water use in the middle Carson River Basin with a numerical groundwater-flow model, Eagle, Dayton, and Churchill Valleys, west-central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5008, 112 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235008.","productDescription":"Report: xiii, 112 p.; 3 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"112","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-034336","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416912,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D3XO1U","text":"Data for the report assessing potential effects of changes in water use in the middle Carson River Basin with a numerical groundwater-flow model, Eagle, Dayton, and Churchill Valleys, west-central Nevada","description":"Morway, E.D., Buto, S.G., and Medina, R.L., 2023, Data for the report assessing potential effects of changes in water use in the middle Carson River Basin with a numerical groundwater-flow model, Eagle, Dayton, and Churchill Valleys, west-central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D3XO1U."},{"id":416913,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9N9FNQZ","text":"MODFLOW-NWT model used to simulate potential effects of changes in water use in the middle Carson River Basin, Eagle, Dayton, and Churchill Valleys, west-central, Nevada","description":"Morway, E.D., Niswonger, R.G., and Buto, S.G., 2023, MODFLOW-NWT model used to simulate potential effects of changes in water use in the middle Carson River Basin, Eagle, Dayton, and Churchill Valleys, west-central, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9N9FNQZ."},{"id":416907,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5008/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":416908,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5008/sir20235008.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":416909,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5008/sir20235008.xml"},{"id":416910,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5008/images"},{"id":416911,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235008/full"},{"id":416921,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9P5LJ3P","text":"Data for the report Geologic Framework and Hydrogeology of the middle Carson River basin, Eagle, Dayton, and Churchill Valleys, West-Central Nevada","description":"Maurer, D.K., and Medina, R.L., 2020, Data for the report Geologic Framework and Hydrogeology of the middle Carson River basin, Eagle, Dayton, and Churchill Valleys, West-Central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9P5LJ3P."}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Middle Carson River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 40.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Road
Carson City, Nevada 89701
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by infectious prions (PrPCWD) affecting cervids. Circulating PrPCWD in blood may pose a risk for indirect transmission by way of hematophagous ectoparasites acting as mechanical vectors. Cervids can carry high tick infestations and exhibit allogrooming, a common tick defense strategy between conspecifics. Ingestion of ticks during allogrooming may expose naïve animals to CWD, if ticks harbor PrPCWD. This study investigates whether ticks can harbor transmission-relevant quantities of PrPCWD by combining experimental tick feeding trials and evaluation of ticks from free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Using the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay, we show that black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) fed PrPCWD-spiked blood using artificial membranes ingest and excrete PrPCWD. Combining results of RT-QuIC and protein misfolding cyclic amplification, we detected seeding activity from 6 of 15 (40%) pooled tick samples collected from wild CWD-infected white-tailed deer. Seeding activities in ticks were analogous to 10–1000 ng of CWD-positive retropharyngeal lymph node collected from deer upon which they were feeding. Estimates revealed a median infectious dose range of 0.3–42.4 per tick, suggesting that ticks can take up transmission-relevant amounts of PrPCWD and may pose a CWD risk to cervids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-023-34308-3","collaboration":"Wisconsin DNR","usgsCitation":"Inzalaco, H., Bravo-Risi, F., Morales, R., Walsh, D.P., Storm, D.J., Pedersen, J.A., Turner, W.C., and Lichtenbergh, S.S., 2023, Ticks harbor and excrete chronic wasting disease prions: Scientific Reports, v. 13, 7838, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34308-3.","productDescription":"7838, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145633","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34308-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal variability of flushing times throughout Morro Bay, a short, low-inflow estuary (LIE) on the California coast, using a calibrated and validated hydrodynamic model (Delft3D). Morro Bay has historically supported an extensive eelgrass (Zostera marina) habitat, which declined substantially from 139 to 5.4 ha during 2007–2017. Eelgrass decline motivated the current research into the role of changing bed roughness and oceanic drivers (i.e., tide and sea-level rise) on estuarine hydrodynamics and flushing times. We found that tidal variability exerts the strongest control on flushing times compared to other effects, i.e., bed roughness or sea-level rise. Additionally, we found that increasing sea level and decreasing bed roughness (associated with declining seagrass coverage) yielded higher rates of mixing (lower flushing times). We detected a strong correspondence between areas having shorter flushing times (e.g., near the estuary mouth) and areas occupied by resilient eelgrass populations in Morro Bay. Our findings further indicated that flushing times in short LIEs are particularly sensitive to several factors (e.g., bed roughness, sea level) that are susceptible to anthropogenic disturbance and future climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108277","usgsCitation":"Taherkhani, M., Vitousek, S., Walter, R.K., O’Leary, J., and Khodadoust, A.P., 2023, Flushing time variability in a short, low-inflow estuary: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 284, 108277, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108277.","productDescription":"108277, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-149301","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108277","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":417031,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Morro Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.86550507818211,\n 35.37559917233456\n ],\n [\n -120.8609393073724,\n 35.352727225376455\n ],\n [\n -120.86354831926357,\n 35.33197729831399\n ],\n [\n -120.87072310196481,\n 35.306963896126035\n ],\n [\n -120.834849188459,\n 35.3218664291451\n ],\n [\n -120.81267258738302,\n 35.32931666587521\n ],\n [\n -120.82441314089395,\n 35.36389805553908\n ],\n [\n -120.86550507818211,\n 35.37559917233456\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"284","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taherkhani, Mohsen","contributorId":223951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taherkhani","given":"Mohsen","affiliations":[{"id":18137,"text":"University of Illinois at Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vitousek, Sean 0000-0002-3369-4673 svitousek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-4673","contributorId":149065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","email":"svitousek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walter, Ryan K.","contributorId":241045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16725,"text":"California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Leary, Jennifer","contributorId":305371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Leary","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13272,"text":"Wildlife Conservation Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Khodadoust, Amid P.","contributorId":305372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khodadoust","given":"Amid","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":18137,"text":"University of Illinois at Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70243598,"text":"70243598 - 2023 - Deep root activity overprints weathering of petrogenic organic carbon in shale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-15T14:49:25.830907","indexId":"70243598","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-15T09:28:06","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep root activity overprints weathering of petrogenic organic carbon in shale","docAbstract":"The oxidation of organic carbon in sedimentary bedrock (petrogenic OC, OC
Urban stream restoration is growing globally, but there is much to learn from successes, failures, and evaluating tradeoffs in restoration practices. Significant time and resources have been invested towards restoring the structure and function of urban ecosystems and understanding and slowing the drivers of degradation. However, the rapid pace of urbanization and its effects on urban waters present an ever-growing challenge to environmental managers and restoration practitioners when identifying and prioritizing effective strategies for restoration and monitoring outcomes. Here, we synthesize major findings and papers originating from the 5th Symposium on Urbanization and Stream Ecology (SUSE5) and propose a new concept for monitoring restoration based on lessons learned. Efforts from SUSE5 showed that urban disturbances and restoration activities have strong localized impacts that can be challenging to detect and disentangle across broader watershed scales and longitudinal flowpaths. Most urban stream restoration projects are monitored at only one or a few locations that do not capture significant variability across stream reaches and longer flowpaths. Based on knowledge from SUSE5, we present a new concept called ‘restoration milestones.’ The restoration milestones concept proposes that the scale of stream monitoring over space and time can influence whether a stream restoration project is considered a success or failure. Therefore, answers to questions regarding restoration effectiveness and durability can be affected by spatial and temporal monitoring scales. Setting realistic restoration milestones involves establishing monitoring strategies that account for spatial and temporal variability. Tracking restoration performance through time across stream reaches along longitudinal flowpaths could aid in more accurately assessing project performance. We explore applications for evaluating restoration milestones along longitudinal stream flowpaths including: (1) identifying target areas of improvement along drainage networks, (2) accurately accounting for tradeoffs in habitat, protection of infrastructure, and water quality along flowpaths, and (3) detecting how far downstream the effects of stream restoration and stormwater management can be propagated. Monitoring across different spatial and temporal scales is an overlooked but critical factor in determining restoration success. Additionally, the scale of the restoration project itself can determine the type and magnitude of improvements. Expectations for what a restoration project can accomplish in terms of water quality improvements should be calibrated to the project’s spatial scale and evolution over time. Longitudinal studies of stream restoration help identify successes and failures along flowpaths.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s11252-023-01370-8","usgsCitation":"Kaushal, S., Fork, M.L., Hawley, R.J., Hopkins, K.G., Rios-Touma, B., and Roy, A.H., 2023, Stream restoration milestones: Monitoring scales determine successes and failures: Urban Ecosystems, v. 26, p. 1131-1142, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-023-01370-8.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1131","endPage":"1142","ipdsId":"IP-144413","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481451,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaushal, Sujay S.","contributorId":210125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaushal","given":"Sujay S.","affiliations":[{"id":38074,"text":"Univ. of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fork, Megan L.","contributorId":139659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fork","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12868,"text":"Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawley, Robert J.","contributorId":167574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24758,"text":"Sustainable Streams, LLC, Louisville, KY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hopkins, Kristina G. 0000-0003-1699-9384 khopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-9384","contributorId":195604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Kristina","email":"khopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":925534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rios-Touma, Blanca","contributorId":348572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rios-Touma","given":"Blanca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":925535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":925505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70243591,"text":"70243591 - 2023 - Rapidly changing range limits in a warming world: Critical data limitations and knowledge gaps for advancing understanding of mangrove range dynamics in the southeastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-08T14:36:09.501382","indexId":"70243591","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-15T09:03:55","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapidly changing range limits in a warming world: Critical data limitations and knowledge gaps for advancing understanding of mangrove range dynamics in the southeastern USA","docAbstract":"Climate change is altering species’ range limits and transforming ecosystems. For example, warming temperatures are leading to the range expansion of tropical, cold-sensitive species at the expense of their cold-tolerant counterparts. In some temperate and subtropical coastal wetlands, warming winters are enabling mangrove forest encroachment into salt marsh, which is a major regime shift that has significant ecological and societal ramifications. Here, we synthesized existing data and expert knowledge to assess the distribution of mangroves near rapidly changing range limits in the southeastern USA. We used expert elicitation to identify data limitations and highlight knowledge gaps for advancing understanding of past, current, and future range dynamics. Mangroves near poleward range limits are often shorter, wider, and more shrublike compared to their tropical counterparts that grow as tall forests in freeze-free, resource-rich environments. The northern range limits of mangroves in the southeastern USA are particularly dynamic and climate sensitive due to abundance of suitable coastal wetland habitat and the exposure of mangroves to winter temperature extremes that are much colder than comparable range limits on other continents. Thus, there is need for methodological refinements and improved spatiotemporal data regarding changes in mangrove structure and abundance near northern range limits in the southeastern USA. Advancing understanding of rapidly changing range limits is critical for foundation plant species such as mangroves, as it provides a basis for anticipating and preparing for the cascading effects of climate-induced species redistribution on ecosystems and the human communities that depend on their ecosystem services.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s12237-023-01209-7","usgsCitation":"Bardou, R., Osland, M., Scyphers, S.B., Shepard, C., Aerni, K.E., Alemu, J.B., Crimian, R., Day, R., Enwright, N., Feher, L., Gibbs, S.L., O’Donnell, K., Swinea, S.H., Thorne, K., Truskey, S., Armitage, A.R., Baker, R., Breithaupt, J.L., Cavanaugh, K.C., Cebrian, J., Cummins, K., Devlin, D.J., Doty, J., Ellis, W.L., Feller, I.C., Gabler, C., Kang, Y., Kaplan, D.A., Kennedy, J.P., Krauss, K., Lamont, M., Liu, K., Martinez, M., Matheny, A.M., McClenachan, G.M., McKee, K.L., Mendelssohn, I.A., Michot, T.C., Miller, C., Moon, J.A., Moyer, R.P., Nelson, J., O’Connor, R., 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430 Nahant Rd, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shepard, Christine C.","contributorId":274812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shepard","given":"Christine C.","affiliations":[{"id":56655,"text":"The Nature Conservancy, Gulf of Mexico Program, Key West, FL USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aerni, Karen E.","contributorId":305361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aerni","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":66220,"text":"Northeastern University Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":872491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alemu, Jahson 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The ungaged ephemeral streams in this semiarid region are of particular interest because (1) the underlying bedrock geology, Mancos Shale, is a sedimentary rock deposit that has been identified as a major contributor of salinity to the Colorado River and (2) despite infrequent flows of short duration, monsoon derived floods in these ephemeral streams can carry substantial amounts of sediment downstream, affecting up and downstream banks and channel cross sections. The study area is of interest as salinity, or the total dissolved solids concentration, in the Colorado River causes an estimated $300 to $400 million per year in economic damages in the United States and it is estimated that 62% of Upper Colorado River Basin dissolved-solid loads originate from geologic sources. In an effort to minimize salt contributions to the Colorado River from public lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) a comprehensive three-pronged salinity control approach is being used which incorporates (1) controlling point sources of salinity; (2) controlling nonpoint sources of salinity; and (3) preventing nonpoint sources of salinity from persisting.\n\nIn 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with BLM, began an assessment of ephemeral streams located in the north side of the Grand Valley, Colorado, to characterize stream channel stability. The USGS developed a method for automatically extracting channel cross-section geometry from existing remotely sensed terrain models. Based on estimated flood stage and surrogate streamflows, hydraulic characteristics were calculated. Furthermore, the channel geometries and hydraulic characteristics were used to estimate channel stability utilizing a statistical model. \n\nIn this ongoing study, cross-section stabilities were determined from a stream channel stability assessment for a subset of 1,406 visited locations out of a desired 13,415 cross sections which were delineated from remotely sensed terrain models. The application of Manning’s resistance equation in combination with multiple Logistic Regression models demonstrated that channel stability can be estimated with an 0.85 goodness of fit for a validation dataset when using a combination of drainage area, width to depth ratio, sinuosity, and shear stress as the explanatory variables. Stream channel stability was extrapolated for the remaining 13,415 unvisited cross sections using the multiple Logistic Regression model and defined explanatory variables. Mapping the ephemeral streams and their associated stabilities could be used to prioritize areas for BLM remediation or changes in management strategies to reduce sediment and salinity loading to the Colorado River.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"SEDHYD","usgsCitation":"Homan, J.W., 2023, Assessment and characterization of ephemeral stream channel stability in the Grand Valley, Colorado, 2018-22, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2023, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-148840","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":493407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/past/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Grand Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.0445924965195,\n 39.26086521028847\n ],\n [\n -109.0445924965195,\n 38.99358861682228\n ],\n [\n -108.24066157334559,\n 38.99358861682228\n ],\n [\n -108.24066157334559,\n 39.26086521028847\n ],\n [\n -109.0445924965195,\n 39.26086521028847\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Homan, Joel William 0000-0002-6709-123X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6709-123X","contributorId":315495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homan","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70243604,"text":"70243604 - 2023 - A numerical investigation of the mechanisms controlling salt intrusion in the Delaware Bay Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-15T14:03:31.182073","indexId":"70243604","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-15T08:43:17","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A numerical investigation of the mechanisms controlling salt intrusion in the Delaware Bay Estuary","docAbstract":"Salinity intrusion in coastal systems is mainly controlled by freshwater inflows. However, extreme events like drought, low-pressure storms, and longer-term sea level rise can exacerbate the landward salt migration and threaten economic infrastructure and ecological health. Along the eastern seaboard of the United States, approximately 13 million people rely on the water resources of the Delaware River basin. Salinity intrusion is actively managed through river discharge targets to suppress the propagation of the salt front (∼0.52 daily averaged psu line). The purpose of this study is to examine the mechanisms controlling the location of the salt front in the Delaware Bay estuary using a calibrated three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave and Sediment Transport modeling system. This study explored how river discharge, tidal motions, interactions with bathymetric and topographic features, and meteorological events affected the location of the salt front. The model was forced with tides, subtidal water levels, bulk atmospheric conditions, and waves. Compared with the observationally derived location of the salt front line, the model captured the major dynamics throughout the year and performed particularly well during times of low discharge, when salinity intruded up estuary at a constant rate of 0.4 km/day. The daily average salt front moved almost 16 km (10 mi) within a neap-spring tidal cycle, and low-pressure storm systems were found to move the daily averaged salt front by 13–16 km in one event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108257","usgsCitation":"Cook, S.E., Warner, J.C., and Russell, K.L., 2023, A numerical investigation of the mechanisms controlling salt intrusion in the Delaware Bay Estuary: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 283, 108257, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108257.","productDescription":"108257, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-144529","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108257","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":417021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Bay Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.11619955096559,\n 38.73763237303737\n ],\n [\n -74.81060422137368,\n 39.208395097691294\n ],\n [\n -74.91812850400805,\n 39.25661375840713\n ],\n [\n -75.01433444110185,\n 39.41418851915901\n ],\n [\n -75.23504217914052,\n 39.44041644236643\n ],\n [\n -75.38218067116583,\n 39.43604580737218\n ],\n [\n -75.48404578102958,\n 39.50157653385622\n ],\n [\n -75.42745405332741,\n 39.58449350233724\n ],\n [\n -75.438772398868,\n 39.70650629113666\n ],\n [\n -75.35954398008468,\n 39.815264281891444\n ],\n [\n -75.1218587237355,\n 39.854375102531634\n ],\n [\n -75.07658534157395,\n 39.96289938512186\n ],\n [\n -74.82192256691424,\n 40.092901497017834\n ],\n [\n -74.68610242042881,\n 40.11454442418824\n ],\n [\n -74.73703497536101,\n 40.244257356638315\n ],\n [\n -74.80494504860373,\n 40.2312972236667\n ],\n [\n -74.88417346738633,\n 40.131853808272524\n ],\n [\n -75.16713210589779,\n 39.98458360741816\n ],\n [\n -75.21240548805935,\n 39.906488214275356\n ],\n [\n -75.38218067116583,\n 39.87609371208512\n ],\n [\n -75.50102329934073,\n 39.81091726046725\n ],\n [\n -75.58591089089398,\n 39.69779823272037\n ],\n [\n -75.65948013690662,\n 39.61937626699262\n ],\n [\n -75.61420675474504,\n 39.54086534174442\n ],\n [\n -75.61986592751498,\n 39.47100320828065\n ],\n [\n -75.438772398868,\n 39.199624508869135\n ],\n [\n -75.438772398868,\n 39.16014330842418\n ],\n [\n -75.438772398868,\n 39.06354039027241\n ],\n [\n -75.35388480731474,\n 38.997598861666404\n ],\n [\n -75.33690728900422,\n 38.89636906587077\n ],\n [\n -75.11619955096559,\n 38.73763237303737\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"283","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cook, Salme Ellen 0000-0003-1129-6209","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1129-6209","contributorId":303775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Salme","email":"","middleInitial":"Ellen","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":258015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Russell, Kendra L. 0000-0002-3046-7440","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3046-7440","contributorId":218135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70255126,"text":"70255126 - 2023 - Preliminary analysis of a horizontal multifrequency hydroacoustic device designed for surrogate measurements of suspended sediment concentration: The Horizontal Acoustic Sediment Current Profiler","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-12T13:39:31.374916","indexId":"70255126","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-15T08:37:23","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Preliminary analysis of a horizontal multifrequency hydroacoustic device designed for surrogate measurements of suspended sediment concentration: The Horizontal Acoustic Sediment Current Profiler","docAbstract":"Single frequency active hydroacoustic measurements have been correlated with suspended sediment concentration. In river systems that include widely varying suspended sediment particle sizes, a multi-frequency hydroacoustic approach has increased predictive capabilities. However, the multi-frequency approach requires installation and operation of multiple sensors in a river channel and relies on technology previously designed for measuring water velocity. The Horizontal Acoustic Sediment Current Profiler (HASCP) is a single unit multi-frequency (500, 1,500, and 2,000 mHz) hydroacoustic sensor that was designed to target suspended sediment concentrations. The HASCP was briefly deployed in the Rio Grande at Albuquerque, NM, USGS gage in 2021 and is currently (2022) in operation at the Colorado River near Cameo, CO gage. Results of preliminary testing of the HASCP are presented in this paper.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD","conferenceDate":"May 8-12, 2023","conferenceLocation":"St. Louis, MO","language":"English","publisher":"SEDHYD","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., Austring, T.J., Richards, R., Hatch, T., and Homan, J.W., 2023, Preliminary analysis of a horizontal multifrequency hydroacoustic device designed for surrogate measurements of suspended sediment concentration: The Horizontal Acoustic Sediment Current Profiler, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2023, St. Louis, MO, May 8-12, 2023, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151796","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":430005,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2023Program/s270.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Jeb E. 0000-0001-7671-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7671-2379","contributorId":225088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jeb E.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Austring, Tristan Joel 0000-0002-5790-5498","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5790-5498","contributorId":338725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austring","given":"Tristan","email":"","middleInitial":"Joel","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richards, Rodney J. 0000-0003-3953-984X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-984X","contributorId":202708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Rodney J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatch, Tyson 0000-0003-2393-2436","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2393-2436","contributorId":338726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Tyson","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Homan, Joel William 0000-0002-6709-123X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6709-123X","contributorId":315495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homan","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70255114,"text":"70255114 - 2023 - Acoustic measurements on a shallow, sand-bed river: A case study from the Rio Grande","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-12T13:33:32.658452","indexId":"70255114","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-15T08:29:38","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Acoustic measurements on a shallow, sand-bed river: A case study from the Rio Grande","docAbstract":"The Middle Rio Grande (MRG) is a dynamic and complex fluvial system where flow and sediment transported from the Upper Rio Grande and MRG tributaries influence the form of the river. How sediment is transported through the MRG is an important planning question as it addresses a wide range of concerns including flood control and river rehabilitation, thus continuous sediment measurements are needed to develop accurate sediment budgets.
Sediment measurement techniques have continued to improve and the advent of sediment surrogates, such as acoustic technology, have proven to be effective options at obtaining more complete spatial and temporal sediment data in larger fluvial systems. Measurements of sediment in shallow, sand bed rivers, like the Rio Grande, are more difficult because of the changing channel morphology and often limited water depth in which to install instrumentation. During the 2019 spring snow-melt runoff season two acoustic techniques were employed on the Rio Grande to evaluate sediment movement. Sediment movement near the bed was calculated by the Integrated Section Surface Difference Over Time version 2 (ISSDOTv2) using swath data collected from a multi-beam sonar. Measurements were made adjacent to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gaging stations where near simultaneous measurements were made by the USGS for streamflow, suspended-sediment concentration and gradation, and bed-material gradations. These measurements were conducted at two locations on the Rio Grande, one of the locations was co-located with two side-profiling suspended-sediment acoustic Doppler profilers that had been installed in the fall of 2016. Both a 1 MegaHertz (MHz) and 2 MHz side-profiling suspended-sediment acoustic Doppler instrument were installed on a fixed platform that was co-located with a USGS sediment gage.
The ISSDOTv2 method using multi-beam sonar and the side-profiling acoustic Doppler profilers proved successful in collecting sediment information and compared well with the more traditional sediment measurements, while providing insight into the sediment transport on the MRG because of the increase in spatial and temporal resolution. Overall, there are some limitations of these acoustical techniques, but the additional information gleaned is beneficial in understanding sediment transport in a shallow, sand-bed river, such as the Rio Grande.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2023","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD","conferenceDate":"May 8-12, 2023","conferenceLocation":"St. Louis, MO","language":"English","publisher":"SEDHYD","usgsCitation":"AuBuchon, J., Abraham, D., Posner, A., Brown, J., Jackson, T., and Griffiths, R.E., 2023, Acoustic measurements on a shallow, sand-bed river: A case study from the Rio Grande, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2023, St. Louis, MO, May 8-12, 2023, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151841","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430004,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":430003,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2023Program/s82.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Middle Rio Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.97063461050324,\n 35.069496774475496\n ],\n [\n -106.97063461050324,\n 34.001955073356385\n ],\n [\n -106.52537665281139,\n 34.001955073356385\n ],\n [\n -106.52537665281139,\n 35.069496774475496\n ],\n [\n -106.97063461050324,\n 35.069496774475496\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"AuBuchon, Jonathan","contributorId":256772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"AuBuchon","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51859,"text":"Albuquerque District, United States Army Corps of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abraham, David","contributorId":338662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abraham","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81187,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, reitred","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Posner, Ari","contributorId":338663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Posner","given":"Ari","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6736,"text":"Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Jeb E. 0000-0001-7671-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7671-2379","contributorId":225088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jeb E.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jackson, Tony","contributorId":338664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Tony","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Griffiths, Ronald E. 0000-0003-3620-2926 rgriffiths@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-2926","contributorId":162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Ronald","email":"rgriffiths@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70246609,"text":"70246609 - 2023 - Environmental, morphological, and molecular data reveal a new species of freshwater mussel, Strophitus howellsi, endemic to the Edwards Plateau in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-11T15:32:56.36612","indexId":"70246609","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-15T06:39:00","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental, morphological, and molecular data reveal a new species of freshwater mussel, Strophitus howellsi, endemic to the Edwards Plateau in Texas","docAbstract":"Freshwater mussels are considered the most imperiled group of organisms in North America and systematics research has played an integral role in the development and implementation of their conservation. Despite the importance of systematics in conservation planning, the evolutionary relationships between many mussel taxa remain poorly explored, clearly illustrated by Strophitus undulatus. This species is wide-ranging, occurring in streams across the United States and Canada with a disjunct population in the Colorado River drainage in central Texas. The widespread distribution of S. undulatus, as well as high intraspecific morphological variation, has led previous authors to doubt the taxon is representative of a single species. In this study, we set out to investigate species boundaries in S. undulatus by integrating environmental, molecular, and morphological datasets. Molecular and morphological data supported S. undulatus from the Colorado River as distinct, which was supplemented by a species distribution modeling approach, suggesting potential adaptation to Edwards Plateau streams has contributed to speciation. Given our findings, we formally describe a new species of freshwater mussel, Strophitus howellsi, endemic to streams along the Edwards Plateau in the Colorado River drainage. A conservation assessment of S. howellsi suggests the species is extremely rare within a highly restricted distribution and may warrant future recovery actions. Our findings build on a growing body of literature highlighting aquatic endemism along the Edwards Plateau and have significant conservation implications for freshwater mussels in Texas.
Wildfire has been shown to increase, decrease, or have no detectable effect on actual evapotranspiration (ETa) fluxes in the western United States. Where disturbance-induced shifts are significant, source-water hydrology may be impacted as ETa constitutes the largest outgoing water flux in much of the arid West. We conducted pixel-scale analysis of 30-m ETa data and various meteorologic and landscape variables at 13 burn scars to understand how wildfire disturbance impacted hillslope-to-burn scar-scale hydrology and vegetation conversion. Significant fire-induced ETa reductions (between approximately −15 to −50%) were detected at nine burn scars through the tenth post-fire year, while ETa recovery rate varied substantially by ecoregion and pre-fire vegetation type. Along elevation gradients, both climate and land disturbance influenced the location of runoff/recharge generation zones, and more net water was generated from a snow-dominated burn scar in dry post-fire years than in wet pre-fire years. However, especially in arid locations where ETa is water-limited, compensatory ETa pathways may be more likely to dampen fire effects on total basin water yield where intact vegetation is located between the disturbance footprint and the basin outlet. Relationships between post-fire ETa shifts and early-successional vegetation conversion were also tracked. The majority of burn scars with significant fire-induced ETa reductions experienced conversion patterns typical of the western United States following stand-replacing disturbance, with forests converting to shrub/scrub and/or grassland/herbaceous cover through at least the end of the study period (eight to 15 years depending on date of the fire event). This could have important implications for high-elevation, snow-dominated watersheds – some of the most critical source water areas - as previous research indicates that wildfire activity is moving upslope and into vegetation communities that have not evolved to withstand fire. Finally, we show that much of the Colorado River Basin’s high-yield source water areas are vulnerable to the fire-induced ETa reductions and vegetation conversion observed herein. As such, water managers in the Colorado River Basin can anticipate changes in burn scar hydrology and snowpack mechanics following fire disturbance.
Prior to the current era of digital geomorphological mapping, global and regional-scale land surface characterization was advanced by qualitative interpretations that relied on human visualization aided by disciplinary knowledge of geophysical processes combined with extensive field study. In the early twentieth century, Fenneman proposed to devise systematic physiographic divisions of the United States and in 1916 produced what is still regarded as an authoritative map of these divisions. His physiographic regions were developed to provide context when describing land surface characteristics of smaller areas using well-known regional characteristics and descriptors. In 1968, geographer Richard E. Murphy published a large-format map of the “Landforms of the World” to fill a gap in the suite of standard classroom maps. In 1990, the British geomorphologist E. M. Bridges published World Geomorphology, providing the first global treatment and description of divisions, provinces, and sections—the same hierarchical land partitioning concepts that Fenneman used decades earlier. In the twenty-first century, geographic information systems (GIS) technologies are nearly ubiquitous, yet neither Murphy’s nor Bridges’s work existed as GIS data. To further illuminate their pioneering work, we (1) recompiled Murphy’s landforms as a spatial combination of modern existing data layers, and (2) used the recompiled Murphy’s landforms as a basis for the boundaries of the divisions, provinces, and sections described by Bridges. Our aggregation yields a new resource, Named Landforms of the World, version 2.0, which provides a reference-level, basemap-quality data layer that can significantly facilitate mapping, assessing, and understanding Earth surface features.
Io is unlike any other body in the Solar System making questions about its chemical composition especially interesting and challenging. This chapter examines the many different, but frustratingly indirect, constraints we have on the bulk composition of this restless moon. A detailed consideration of Io’s lavas is used to illustrate how decades of research have bounded, but not pinned down, the chemistry of Io. A self-consistent model for the core, mantle and crust is constructed based on a conventional chondritic composition but exotic alternatives cannot be ruled out. The study of Io’s composition should provide a fertile and exciting realm for future scientists.
The High Plains aquifer (HPA) is the primary water source for agricultural irrigation in the US Great Plains. The water levels in many locations of the aquifer have declined steadily over the past several decades because the rate of water withdrawals exceeds recharge, which has been a serious concern to the water resources management in the region. We evaluated temporal trends and variations in agricultural water use and hydroclimatic variables including precipitation, air temperature, reference evapotranspiration, runoff, groundwater level, and terrestrial water storage across the HPA region for different periods from 1985 to 2020 at the grid, county, or region scale. The results showed that water withdrawals decreased from 21.3 km3/year in 1985 to 18.2 km3/year in 2015, while irrigated croplands increased from 71,928 km2 in 1985 to 78,464 km2 in 2015 in the entire HPA. The hydroclimatic time-series showed wetting trends in most of the northern HPA, but drying and warming trends in the southern region from 1985 to 2020. The groundwater level time-series indicated flat trends in the north, but significant declining in the central and southern HPA. Trends in irrigation water withdrawals and irrigation area across the HPA were controlled by the advancement of irrigation systems and technologies and the management of sustainable water use, but also were affected by dynamical changes in the hydroclimatic conditions.
Many bat species are highly social, forming groups of conspecifics, particularly during the maternity season. In temperate North America, these social groups are typically comprised of closely related individuals or individuals that share some common trait (i.e. reproductive state or shared hibernacula from the previous winter). In the summer, when bats use forests for day-roosts, these social groups often demonstrate nonrandom patterns of periodically associating in common roosts and disassociating using different roosts as a ‘fission–fusion society’. As cave hibernating bat species in North America continue to decline due to the impacts of White-nose Syndrome, opportunities to describe these dynamics are becoming rare. Unfortunately, these patterns often are still poorly documented, yet understanding these behaviors is critical for species-specific habitat conservation and management. In our study, we tracked female northern long-eared bats (Myotis septentrionalis) to their day-roosts in a small, suburban forest fragment in coastal New York, USA, in the summers of 2018 and 2019. We confirmed that the bats shared roost sites and, using network analyses, analyzed social dynamics and space use. In contrast to previous research on this imperiled species in large, unfragmented core forests, we found a more dense, connected roost network that concentrated around forest patch edges. Unusual for this species, primary roosts were anthropogenic structures. Our findings suggest that northern long-eared bats can utilize small forest patches and that incorporation of specific types of anthropogenic roosts might be an effective strategy for long-term conservation in more urbanized landscapes where forest management actions to enhance day-roosting conditions a
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The Alaska Volcano Observatory responded to eruptions, volcanic unrest or suspected unrest, increased seismicity, and other significant activity at 17 volcanic centers in Alaska in 2019. The most notable volcanic activity was an eruption of Shishaldin Volcano, featuring eruptive activity that produced lava flows, lahars, and ash. Weak explosive activity also took place at Great Sitkin Volcano and Semisopochnoi Island. Mount Cleveland had one small ash-producing eruption followed by dome growth in early January but was quiet thereafter, and flank activity at Shrub mud volcano produced new mud deposits. Other activity documented in 2019 consists of declining unrest at Mount Veniaminof after its 2018 eruption; large ice and rock avalanches at Iliamna Volcano and Mount Spurr; anomalous seismicity and an increase in degassing at Pavlof Volcano; long-term inflation at Westdahl volcano, Akutan Volcano, and Mount Okmok; steam plumes and anomalous seismicity at Makushin Volcano; elevated seismicity at Mount Martin; and resuspended ash from the 1912 Novarupta-Katmai eruption deposits.
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U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Drive
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