{"pageNumber":"277","pageRowStart":"6900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10458,"records":[{"id":1008393,"text":"1008393 - 2003 - Movements of Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in nearshore habitat as determined by acoustic telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T16:46:31.896384","indexId":"1008393","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1873,"text":"Gulf of Mexico Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Movements of Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in nearshore habitat as determined by acoustic telemetry","title":"Movements of Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in nearshore habitat as determined by acoustic telemetry","docAbstract":"Gulf sturgeon were tagged with telemetry tags and were tracked and relocated in fall and early winter of 1996 and 1998 to determine migration patterns and winter feeding habitats after they emigrated from the Suwannee River, Florida, into the Gulf of Mexico. We hypothesized that their migration would generally follow the drowned Suwannee River channel across the West Florida shelf. Fish left the river in late Oct. or early Nov., about the time river water temperatures fell below 20 C. Tracked and relocated fish moved slowly and remained offshore of Suwannee Sound in nearby shallow (<6 m) marine-estuarine habitats until at least mid or late Dec. The relatively small area (~115km2) within which fish were consistently relocated in 1998 probably is a critically important feeding habitat because adult Gulf sturgeon, which do not feed while in the river, occupy it for up to half their short (4-5 mo) marine residency. The fish left the area in late Dec. or early Jan., most likely in response to powerful cold front-generated weather conditions (under which, boat-based acoustic tracking is infeasible). A large (1,760 km2) adjacent area was searched for sonic-tagged sturgeon in early Jan. 1999, but only one was relocated (~50 km northwest of the Nov.-Dec. area). Although we were unable to address the hypothesis that their migration follows the Suwannee paleochannel, the results do indicate that Gulf sturgeon move to yet unknown, distant, late-winter feeding areas of the Gulf of Mexico before returning to the river in spring.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Southern Mississippi","doi":"10.18785/goms.2101.05","usgsCitation":"Edwards, R.E., Sulak, K., Grimes, C.B., and Randall, M., 2003, Movements of Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in nearshore habitat as determined by acoustic telemetry: Gulf of Mexico Science, v. 21, no. 1, p. 59-70, https://doi.org/10.18785/goms.2101.05.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":486964,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18785/goms.2101.05","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, Suwannee Reef, Suwannee River, Suwannee Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 29.08977693862319\n ],\n [\n -82.97561645507812,\n 29.08977693862319\n ],\n [\n -82.97561645507812,\n 29.354648639004846\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 29.354648639004846\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 29.08977693862319\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698c57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, R. E.","contributorId":92211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sulak, K. J. 0000-0002-4795-9310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":76690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grimes, Craig B.","contributorId":68261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Randall, M.","contributorId":106060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1015033,"text":"1015033 - 2003 - Non-native plant invasions in managed and protected ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir forests of the Colorado Front Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-29T18:40:17.578395","indexId":"1015033","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-native plant invasions in managed and protected ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir forests of the Colorado Front Range","docAbstract":"We examined patterns of non-native plant diversity in protected and managed ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir forests of the Colorado Front Range. Cheesman Lake, a protected landscape, and Turkey Creek, a managed landscape, appear to have had similar natural disturbance histories prior to European settlement and fire protection during the last century. However, Turkey Creek has experienced logging, grazing, prescribed burning, and recreation since the late 1800s, while Cheesman Lake has not.
Using the modified-Whittaker plot design to sample understory species richness and cover, we collected data for 30 0.1 ha plots in each landscape. Topographic position greatly influenced results, while management history did not. At both Cheesman Lake and Turkey Creek, low/riparian plots had highest native and non-native species richness and cover; upland plots (especially east/west-facing, south-facing and flat, high plots) had the lowest. However, there were no significant differences between Cheesman Lake and Turkey Creek for native species richness, native species cover, non-native species richness, or non-native species cover for any topographic category. In general, non-native species richness and cover were highly positively correlated with native species richness and/or cover (among other variables). In total, 16 non-native species were recorded at Cheesman Lake and Turkey Creek; none of the 16 non-native species were more common at one site than another.
These findings suggest that: (1) areas that are high in native species diversity also contain more non-native species; (2) both protected and managed areas can be invaded by non-native plant species, and at similar intensities; and (3) logging, grazing, and other similar disturbances may have less of an impact on non-native species establishment and growth than topographic position (i.e., in lowland and riparian zones versus upland zones).
Dated sediment cores from five alpine lakes (>3200 m asl) in Rocky Mountain National Park (Colorado Front Range, USA) record near-synchronous stratigraphic changes that are believed to reflect ecological and biogeochemical responses to enhanced nitrogen deposition from anthropogenic sources. Changes in sediment proxies include progressive increases in the frequencies of mesotrophic planktonic diatom taxa and diatom concentrations, coupled with depletions of sediment δ15N and C : N values. These trends are especially pronounced since approximately 1950. The most conspicuous diatoms to expand in recent decades are Asterionella formosa and Fragilaria crotonensis. Down-core species changes are corroborated by a year-long sediment trap experiment from one of the lakes, which reveals high frequencies of these two taxa during autumn and winter months, the interval of peak annual limnetic [NO3-]. Although all lakes record recent changes, the amplitude of stratigraphic shifts is greater in lakes east of the Continental Divide relative to those on the western slope, implying that most nitrogen enrichment originates from urban, industrial and agricultural sources east of the Rocky Mountains. Deviations from natural trajectories of lake ontogeny are illustrated by canonical correspondence analysis, which constrains the diatom record as a response to changes in nitrogen biogeochemistry. These results indicate that modest rates of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition are fully capable of inducing directional biological and biogeochemical shifts in relatively pristine ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1472-4669.2003.00012.x","usgsCitation":"Wolfe, A., Van Gorp, A., and Baron, J., 2003, Recent ecological and biogeochemical changes in alpine lakes of Rocky Mountain National Park (Colorado, USA): A response to anthropogenic nitrogen deposition: Geobiology, v. 1, no. 2, p. 153-168, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-4669.2003.00012.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"168","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db648573","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe, A.P.","contributorId":46445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Gorp, A.C.","contributorId":35695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gorp","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1015289,"text":"1015289 - 2003 - The effects of bird use on nutrient removal in a constructed wastewater-treatment wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-26T10:29:55","indexId":"1015289","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of bird use on nutrient removal in a constructed wastewater-treatment wetland","docAbstract":"A 9.9-ha constructed wetland designed to reduce nitrogen in municipal wastewater following conventional secondary treatment began operating in southern California's San Jacinto Valley in September 1994. The wetland incorporated zones of bulrush (Schoenoplectus acutus and S. californicus) for effluent treatment, plus areas of 1.8-m deep open water and other features to benefit wintering waterfowl. A one-year long program to monitor bird use and evaluate their contribution to loadings of nitrogen and phosphorus was initiated seven months later and a second, four-month long period of monitoring was initiated after a 20-month hiatus. Daily bird use peaked at nearly 12,000 individuals during the second period. Estimates of maximum daily nitrogen and phosphorus input by birds were 139 g N ha−1 day−1 and 56 g P ha−1 day−1. Following a reconfiguration of the wetland that increased the area of open water, a third year-long period of monitoring was initiated in September 2000. Estimated maximum daily loading attributable to birds during this period reached 312 g N ha−1 day−1 and 124 g P ha−1 day−1. These levels represent only 2.6% and 7.0%, respectively, of the mean daily loads of N and P in inflow water from the wastewater-treatment plant. Wintering waterfowl contributed the most to nutrient loading, but the numerically dominant species was the colonial Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). The wetland's nutrient-removal efficiency was negatively correlated to bird loading. However, the greatest bird loading occurred during November to March, when winter conditions would reduce microbial nutrient-removal processes and plant uptake in the wetland. Multiple regression analysis indicated that variation in nutrient removal efficiency over a one-year period was best explained by wetland water temperature (R2 = 0.21) and that little additional insight was gained by adding bird loading and inflow nutrient load data (R2 = 0.22). This case study supports the concept that a constructed wetland can be designed both to reduce nutrients in municipal wastewater and to provide habitat for wetland birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Society of Wetland Scientists","doi":"10.1672/17-20","usgsCitation":"Andersen, D., Sartoris, J., Thullen, J., and Reusch, P., 2003, The effects of bird use on nutrient removal in a constructed wastewater-treatment wetland: Wetlands, v. 23, no. 2, p. 423-435, https://doi.org/10.1672/17-20.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"435","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e127","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andersen, D.C.","contributorId":19119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sartoris, J.J.","contributorId":84310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sartoris","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thullen, J.S.","contributorId":16361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thullen","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reusch, P.G.","contributorId":25901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reusch","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1015307,"text":"1015307 - 2003 - Evaluation of the eastern (Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus) and western (Centrocercus urophasianus phaios) subspecies of Sage-grouse using mitochondrial control-region sequence data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-16T20:44:06","indexId":"1015307","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the eastern (Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus) and western (Centrocercus urophasianus phaios) subspecies of Sage-grouse using mitochondrial control-region sequence data","docAbstract":"The status of Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) is of increasing concern, as populations throughout its range have contracted as a result of habitat loss and degradation. Historically, Sage-grouse were classified into two subspecies: eastern(C. u. urophasianus) and western Sage-grouse (C. u. phaios) based on slight differences in coloration noted among eight individuals sampled from Washington, Oregon, and California. We sequenced a rapidly evolving portion of the mitochondrial control region in 332 birds from 16 populations. Although our sampling area covers the proposed boundary between the eastern and western subspecies, no genetic evidence to support the delineation of these subspecies was found. However, a population straddling southwestern Nevada and eastern California was found to contain an unusually high proportion of unique haplotypes, consistent with its genetic isolation from other Sage-grouse populations. Of additional interest was the lack of diversity in the two populations sampled from Washington, one of which contained only a single haplotype. We suggest that multiple lines of evidence are valuable for the formulation of conservation strategies and hence the southwestern Nevada/eastern California population merits further morphological, behavioral, and molecular investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1024089618546","usgsCitation":"Benedict, N., Oyler-McCance, S., Taylor, S., and Braun, C., 2003, Evaluation of the eastern (Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus) and western (Centrocercus urophasianus phaios) subspecies of Sage-grouse using mitochondrial control-region sequence data: Conservation Genetics, v. 4, no. 3, p. 301-310, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024089618546.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"310","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa51d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benedict, N.G.","contributorId":90681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benedict","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oyler-McCance, S.J.","contributorId":75877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, S.E.","contributorId":30948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Braun, C.E.","contributorId":57421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1015309,"text":"1015309 - 2003 - Challenges to reestablishment of free-ranging populations of black-footed ferrets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-26T16:26:28","indexId":"1015309","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1303,"text":"Comptes Rendus - Biologies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Challenges to reestablishment of free-ranging populations of black-footed ferrets","docAbstract":"The black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) of North America is critically endangered due in part to its extreme specialization on formerly stable and abundant prairie dogs (Cynomys). Its close relative, the Siberian polecat (M. eversmannii) seems to have been subjected to a varying environment that was not conducive to specialization. One source of environmental variation in Asian steppes was plague (caused by Yersina pestis), which was absent from North America. Introduction of plague to North America presents serious challenges to ferret recovery. Partial solutions to other biological and political problems have been found, resulting in improved production in captivity, increased survival post-release, and thriving populations in plague-free South Dakota.
","language":"English, French","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1631-0691(03)00046-5","usgsCitation":"Biggins, E., and Godbey, J.L., 2003, Challenges to reestablishment of free-ranging populations of black-footed ferrets: Comptes Rendus - Biologies, v. 326, no. Supplement 1, p. 104-111, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1631-0691(03)00046-5.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"104","endPage":"111","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"326","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6dc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggins, E.","contributorId":88303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godbey, Jerry L.","contributorId":58988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbey","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015312,"text":"1015312 - 2003 - Beaver herbivory and its effect on cottonwood trees: Influence of flooding along matched regulated and unregulated rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-19T20:09:21","indexId":"1015312","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beaver herbivory and its effect on cottonwood trees: Influence of flooding along matched regulated and unregulated rivers","docAbstract":"We compared beaver (Castor canadensis) foraging patterns on Fremont cottonwood (Populus deltoides subsp. wislizenii) saplings and the probability of saplings being cut on a 10 km reach of the flow-regulated Green River and a 8.6 km reach of the free-flowing Yampa River in northwestern Colorado. We measured the abundance and density of cottonwood on each reach and followed the fates of individually marked saplings in three patches of cottonwood on the Yampa River and two patches on the Green River. Two natural floods on the Yampa River and one controlled flood on the Green River between May 1998 and November 1999 allowed us to assess the effect of flooding on beaver herbivory. Independent of beaver herbivory, flow regulation on the Green River has caused a decrease in number of cottonwood patches per kilometre of river, area of patches per kilometre, and average stem density within cottonwood patches. The number of saplings cut per beaver colony was three times lower on the Green River than on the Yampa River but the probability of a sapling being cut by a beaver was still higher on the Green River because of lower sapling density there. Controlled flooding appeared to increase the rate of foraging on the Green River by inundating patches of cottonwood, which enhanced access by beaver. Our results suggest regulation can magnify the impact of beaver on cottonwood through interrelated effects on plant spatial distribution and cottonwood density, with the result that beaver herbivory will need to be considered in plans to enhance cottonwood populations along regulated rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.696","usgsCitation":"Breck, S., Wilson, K., and Andersen, D., 2003, Beaver herbivory and its effect on cottonwood trees: Influence of flooding along matched regulated and unregulated rivers: River Research and Applications, v. 19, no. 1, p. 43-58, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.696.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"58","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63dca5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breck, S.W.","contributorId":15149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breck","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, K.R.","contributorId":73961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andersen, D.C.","contributorId":19119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1016230,"text":"1016230 - 2003 - Processes and rates of sediment and wood accumulation in headwater streams of the Oregon Coast Range, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T18:45:06","indexId":"1016230","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes and rates of sediment and wood accumulation in headwater streams of the Oregon Coast Range, USA","docAbstract":"Channels that have been scoured to bedrock by debris flows provide unique opportunities to calculate the rate of sediment and wood accumulation in low-order streams, to understand the temporal succession of channel morphology following disturbance, and to make inferences about processes associated with input and transport of sediment. Dendrochronology was used to estimate the time since the previous debris flow and the time since the last stand-replacement fire in unlogged basins in the central Coast Range of Oregon. Debris flow activity increased 42 per cent above the background rate in the decades immediately following the last wildfire. Changes in wood and sediment storage were quantified for 13 streams that ranged from 4 to 144 years since the previous debris flow. The volume of wood and sediment in the channel, and the length of channel with exposed bedrock, were strongly correlated with the time since the previous debris flow. Wood increased the storage capacity of the channel and trapped the majority of the sediment in these steep headwater streams. In the absence of wood, channels that have been scoured to bedrock by a debris flow may lack the capacity to store sediment and could persist in a bedrock state for an extended period of time. With an adequate supply of wood, low-order channels have the potential of storing large volumes of sediment in the interval between debris flows and can function as one of the dominant storage reservoirs for sediment in mountainous terrain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.450","usgsCitation":"May, C.L., and Gresswell, R., 2003, Processes and rates of sediment and wood accumulation in headwater streams of the Oregon Coast Range, USA: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 28, no. 4, p. 409-424, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.450.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"409","endPage":"424","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478444,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.450","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":135775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Bear Creek, Skate Creek","volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a179","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Christine L.","contributorId":79440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E.","contributorId":13194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1016236,"text":"1016236 - 2003 - The effect of stochiastic technique on estimates of population viability from transition matrix models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-03T16:15:19.664083","indexId":"1016236","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of stochiastic technique on estimates of population viability from transition matrix models","docAbstract":"Population viability analysis is an important tool for conservation biologists, and matrix models that incorporate stochasticity are commonly used for this purpose. However, stochastic simulations may require assumptions about the distribution of matrix parameters, and modelers often select a statistical distribution that seems reasonable without sufficient data to test its fit. We used data from long-term (5–10 year) studies with 27 populations of five perennial plant species to compare seven methods of incorporating environmental stochasticity. We estimated stochastic population growth rate (a measure of viability) using a matrix-selection method, in which whole observed matrices were selected at random at each time step of the model. In addition, we drew matrix elements (transition probabilities) at random using various statistical distributions: beta, truncated-gamma, truncated-normal, triangular, uniform, or discontinuous/observed. Recruitment rates were held constant at their observed mean values. Two methods of constraining stage-specific survival to ≤100% were also compared. Different methods of incorporating stochasticity and constraining matrix column sums interacted in their effects and resulted in different estimates of stochastic growth rate (differing by up to 16%). Modelers should be aware that when constraining stage-specific survival to 100%, different methods may introduce different levels of bias in transition element means, and when this happens, different distributions for generating random transition elements may result in different viability estimates. There was no species effect on the results and the growth rates derived from all methods were highly correlated with one another. We conclude that the absolute value of population viability estimates is sensitive to model assumptions, but the relative ranking of populations (and management treatments) is robust. Furthermore, these results are applicable to a range of perennial plants and possibly other life histories.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[1464:TEOSTO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Kaye, T., and Pyke, D.A., 2003, The effect of stochiastic technique on estimates of population viability from transition matrix models: Ecology, v. 84, no. 6, p. 1464-1476, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[1464:TEOSTO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1464","endPage":"1476","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667629","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaye, T.N.","contributorId":22738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaye","given":"T.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1016237,"text":"1016237 - 2003 - Parentage and relatedness in polyandrous comb-crested jacanas using ISSRs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:47","indexId":"1016237","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2333,"text":"Journal of Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parentage and relatedness in polyandrous comb-crested jacanas using ISSRs","docAbstract":"In this article we present the first analysis of parentage and relatedness in a natural vertebrate population, using Intersimple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Thus, 28 ISSR markers were used in a study of a sex-role reversed, simultaneously polyandrous shorebird from northeastern Australia, the comb-crested jacana (Irediparra gallinacea). Assessment of parentage was based on comparison of field observations, novel bands, individual-specific bands found in 7/9 males and 4/6 females, and a 99% CI exclusion criteria. Integrating results from these approaches resulted in confirmation of paternity in all 36 chicks. In only one case (2.8% of chicks) was a co-mate assigned paternity. Thus, comb-crested jacanas appear to be genetically monogamous. These results showed resemblance to sequentially polyandrous birds but differed from the simultaneously polyandrous wattled jacana ( Jacana jacana; Emlen et al. 1998). A significant relationship between relatedness and ISSR similarity resulted in recognition that 14/15 adults sampled may be related to at least one other adult by 0.25 or more. Lack of dispersal may be explained by physical limitations and adequate regional habitat. ISSRs proved to be simple and helpful in resolving these issues. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Heredity","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., Mace, T.R., and Mullins, T., 2003, Parentage and relatedness in polyandrous comb-crested jacanas using ISSRs: Journal of Heredity, v. 94, no. 4, p. 302-309.","productDescription":"p. 302-309","startPage":"302","endPage":"309","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a891f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mace, Terrence R.","contributorId":48928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mace","given":"Terrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D.","contributorId":12819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1016267,"text":"1016267 - 2003 - Bilateral uric acid nephrolithiasis and ureteral hypertrophy in a free-ranging river otter (Lontra canadensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:51","indexId":"1016267","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bilateral uric acid nephrolithiasis and ureteral hypertrophy in a free-ranging river otter (Lontra canadensis)","docAbstract":"We report the first case of uric acid nephrolithiasis in a free-ranging river otter (Lontra canadensis). A 7 yr old male river otter collected from the Skagit River of western Washington (USA) had bilateral nephrolithiasis and severely enlarged ureters (one of 305 examined [0.33%]). The uroliths were 97% uric acid and 3% protein. Microscopic changes in the kidney were confined to expansion of renal calyces, minor loss of medullary tissue, and multifocal atrophy of the cortical tubules. No inflammation was observed in either kidney or the ureters. The ureters were enlarged due to marked hypertrophy of smooth muscle plus dilation of the lumen. Fusion of the major calyces into a single ureteral lumen was several cm distal to that of two adult male otters used as histopathologic control specimens. This case report is part of a large contaminant study of river otters collected from Oregon and Washington. It is important to understand diseases and lesions of the otter as part of our overall evaluation of this population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Grove, R.A., Bildfell, R., Henny, C.J., and Buhler, D.R., 2003, Bilateral uric acid nephrolithiasis and ureteral hypertrophy in a free-ranging river otter (Lontra canadensis): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 39, no. 4, p. 914-917.","productDescription":"p. 914-917","startPage":"914","endPage":"917","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626364","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grove, Robert A.","contributorId":52134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bildfell, Rob","contributorId":79441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bildfell","given":"Rob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buhler, D. R.","contributorId":33290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhler","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1016289,"text":"1016289 - 2003 - Comparison of ion-exchange resin counterions in the nutrient measurement of calcareous soils: Implications for correlative studies of plant-soil relationships","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-19T20:16:47.240523","indexId":"1016289","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1281,"text":"Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of ion-exchange resin counterions in the nutrient measurement of calcareous soils: Implications for correlative studies of plant-soil relationships","docAbstract":"For more than 40 years, ion-exchange resins have been used to characterize nutrient bioavailability in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. To date, however, no standardized methodology has been developed, particularly with respect to the counterions that initially occupy resin exchange sites. To determine whether different resin counterions yield different measures of soil nutrients and rank soils differently with respect to their measured nutrient bioavailability, we compared nutrient measurements by three common counterion combinations (HCl, HOH, and NaHCO3). Five sandy calcareous soils were chosen to represent a range of soil characteristics at Canyonlands National Park, Utah, and resin capsules charged with the different counterions equilibrated in saturated pastes of these soils for one week. Data were converted to proportions of total ions of corresponding charge for ANOVA. Results from the different methods were not comparable with respect to any nutrient. Of eleven nutrients measured, all but iron (Fe2+), manganese (Mn2+), and zinc (Zn2+) differed significantly (p≤0.05) as a function of soil×counterion interactions; Fe2+ and Zn2+ varied as functions of counterion alone. Of the counterion combinations, HCl-resins yielded the most net ion exchange with all measured nutrients except Na+,![\"\"](\"https://www.tandfonline.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/tandf/journals/content/lcss20/2003/lcss20.v034.i13-14/css-120023232/20171018/images/lcss_a_10361535_o_ilm0001.gif\")
and![\"\"](\"https://www.tandfonline.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/tandf/journals/content/lcss20/2003/lcss20.v034.i13-14/css-120023232/20171018/images/lcss_a_10361535_o_ilm0002.gif\")
the three of which desorbed in the greatest quantities from HOH-resins. Conventional chemical extractions using ammonium acetate generally yielded high proportional values of Ca2+, K+, and Na+. Further, among-soil rankings of nutrient bioavailability varied widely among methods. This study highlights the fact that various ion-exchange resin techniques for measuring soil nutrients may have differential effects on the soil-resin environment and yield data that should not be compared nor considered interchangeable. The most appropriate methods for characterizing soil-nutrient bioavailability depends on soil characteristics and likely on the physiological uptake mechanisms of plants or functional groups of interest. The effects of different extraction techniques on nutrient measures should be understood before selecting an extraction method. For example, in the calcareous soils used for this experiment, nutrient extraction methods that alter soil carbonates through dissolution or precipitation could compromise the accurate measurement of plant-available nutrients. The implications of this study emphasize the universal importance of understanding the differential effects of alternate methods on soil chemistry.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1081/CSS-120023232","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, S.K., Belnap, J., and Miller, M.E., 2003, Comparison of ion-exchange resin counterions in the nutrient measurement of calcareous soils: Implications for correlative studies of plant-soil relationships: Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, v. 34, no. 13&14, p. 1981-2001, https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-120023232.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1981","endPage":"2001","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"13&14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, S. K.","contributorId":9209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherrod","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, M. E.","contributorId":104003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1016327,"text":"1016327 - 2003 - Status of native fishes in the western United States and issues for fire and fuels management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-18T10:03:56","indexId":"1016327","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of native fishes in the western United States and issues for fire and fuels management","docAbstract":"Conservation of native fishes and changing patterns in wildfire and fuels are defining challenges for managers of forested landscapes in the western United States. Many species and populations of native fishes have declined in recorded history and some now occur as isolated remnants of what once were larger more complex systems. Land management activities have been viewed as one cause of this problem. Fires also can have substantial effects on streams and riparian systems and may threaten the persistence of some populations of fish, particularly those that are small and isolated. Despite that, major new efforts to actively manage fires and fuels in forests throughout the region may be perceived as a threat rather than a benefit to conservation of native fishes and their habitats. The management of terrestrial and aquatic resources has often been contentious, divided among a variety of agencies with different goals and mandates. Management of forests, for example, has generally been viewed as an impact on aquatic systems. Implementation of the management-regulatory process has reinforced a uniform approach to mitigate the threats to aquatic species and habitats that may be influenced by management activities. The problems and opportunities, however, are not the same across the landscapes of interest. Attempts to streamline the regulatory process often search for generalized solutions that may oversimplify the complexity of natural systems. Significant questions regarding the influence of fire on aquatic ecosystems, changing fire regimes, and the effects of fire-related management remain unresolved and contribute to the uncertainty. We argue that management of forests and fishes can be viewed as part of the same problem, that of conservation and restoration of the natural processes that create diverse and productive ecosystems. We suggest that progress toward more integrated management of forests and native fishes will require at least three steps: (1) better integration and development of a common conceptual foundation and ecological goals; (2) attention to landscape and ecological context; and (3) recognition of uncertainty.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/S0378-1127(03)00062-8","usgsCitation":"Rieman, B., Lee, D., Burns, D., Gresswell, R., Young, M., Stowell, R., Rinne, J., and Howell, P., 2003, Status of native fishes in the western United States and issues for fire and fuels management: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 178, no. 1-2, p. 197-211, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(03)00062-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"211","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"178","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de700","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rieman, B.","contributorId":11178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, D.","contributorId":25534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, D.","contributorId":91260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E.","contributorId":13194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Young, M.","contributorId":57428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stowell, R.","contributorId":80238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stowell","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rinne, J.","contributorId":38121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinne","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Howell, P.","contributorId":38944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70025910,"text":"70025910 - 2003 - Use of hydraulic head to estimate volumetric gas content and ebullition flux in northern peatlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T08:40:41","indexId":"70025910","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of hydraulic head to estimate volumetric gas content and ebullition flux in northern peatlands","docAbstract":"Hydraulic head was overpressured at middepth in a 4.2‐m thick raised bog in the Glacial Lake Agassiz peatlands of northern Minnesota, and fluctuated in response to atmospheric pressure. Barometric efficiency (BE), determined by calculating ratios of change in hydraulic head to change in atmospheric pressure, ranged from 0.05 to 0.15 during July through November of both 1997 and 1998. The overpressuring and a BE response were caused by free‐phase gas contained primarily in the center of the peat column between two or more semielastic, semiconfining layers of more competent peat. Two methods were used to determine the volume of gas bubbles contained in the peat, one using the degree of overpressuring in the middepth of the peat, and the other relating BE to specific yield of the shallow peat. The volume of gas calculated from the overpressuring method averaged 9%, assuming that the gas was distributed over a 2‐m thick overpressured interval. The volume of gas using the BE method averaged 13%. Temporal changes in overpressuring and in BE indicate that the volume of gaseous‐phase gas also changed with time, most likely because of rapid degassing (ebullition) that allowed sudden loss of gas to the atmosphere. Estimates of gas released during the largest ebullition events ranged from 0.3 to 0.7 mol m−2 d−1. These ebullition events may contribute a significant source of methane and carbon dioxide to the atmosphere that has so far largely gone unmeasured by gas‐flux chambers or tower‐mounted sensors.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002WR001377","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., Glaser, P.H., Siegel, D.I., and Weeks, E.P., 2003, Use of hydraulic head to estimate volumetric gas content and ebullition flux in northern peatlands: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 3, p. 13-1-13-10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001377.","productDescription":"Article 1066; 10 p.","startPage":"13-1","endPage":"13-10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2002wr001377","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":234908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-03-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf25e4b08c986b3299a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":407042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glaser, Paul H.","contributorId":178129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glaser","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siegel, Donald I.","contributorId":178130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siegel","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weeks, Edwin P. epweeks@usgs.gov","contributorId":2576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Edwin","email":"epweeks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":407043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024633,"text":"70024633 - 2003 - Genetic Algorithm Calibration of Probabilistic Cellular Automata for Modeling Mining Permit Activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:07","indexId":"70024633","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Genetic Algorithm Calibration of Probabilistic Cellular Automata for Modeling Mining Permit Activity","docAbstract":"We use a genetic algorithm to calibrate a spatially and temporally resolved cellular automata to model mining activity on public land in Idaho and western Montana. The genetic algorithm searches through a space of transition rule parameters of a two dimensional cellular automata model to find rule parameters that fit observed mining activity data. Previous work by one of the authors in calibrating the cellular automaton took weeks - the genetic algorithm takes a day and produces rules leading to about the same (or better) fit to observed data. These preliminary results indicate that genetic algorithms are a viable tool in calibrating cellular automata for this application. Experience gained during the calibration of this cellular automata suggests that mineral resource information is a critical factor in the quality of the results. With automated calibration, further refinements of how the mineral-resource information is provided to the cellular automaton will probably improve our model.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings: 15th IEEE International Conference on Tools with artificial Intelligence","conferenceDate":"3 November 2003 through 5 November 2003","conferenceLocation":"Sacramento, CA","language":"English","issn":"10636730","usgsCitation":"Louis, S., and Raines, G.L., 2003, Genetic Algorithm Calibration of Probabilistic Cellular Automata for Modeling Mining Permit Activity, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, Sacramento, CA, 3 November 2003 through 5 November 2003, p. 515-519.","startPage":"515","endPage":"519","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233024,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a155fe4b0c8380cd54daa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Louis, S.J.","contributorId":43534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Louis","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raines, G. L.","contributorId":90720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"G.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024675,"text":"70024675 - 2003 - Nest sites and conservation of endangered Interior Least Terns Sterna antillarum athalassos on an alkaline flat in the south-central Great Plains (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-06T15:12:40","indexId":"70024675","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":641,"text":"Acta Ornithologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest sites and conservation of endangered Interior Least Terns Sterna antillarum athalassos on an alkaline flat in the south-central Great Plains (USA)","docAbstract":"We monitored nest sites of endangered Interior Least Terns on a 5 095 ha alkaline flat in north-central Oklahoma, USA. After nest loss, Least Terns commonly renested and experienced 30% apparent nest success in 1995-1996 (n = 233 nests). Nest success and predation differed by location on the alkaline flat in 1995 and overall, but nest success and flooding did not differ by microhabitat type. Predation was highest at nests ??? 5 cm from debris (driftwood/hay) in 1995. No differences in nesting success, flooding, or predation were observed on comparing nests inside and outside electrified enclosures. Coyotes and Striped Skunks were confirmed nest predators, and Ring-billed Gulls were suspected nest predators. We identified one location on the alkaline flat of about 1 000 ha with consistently lower nest losses attributable to flooding and predation and the highest hatching success compared with other parts of the alkaline flat; it was typified by open ground and bisected by several creeks. Management activities that minimize flooding and predation in this area could further enhance nest success and theoretically increase overall productivity of this population of Least Terns. However, the efficacy of electrified enclosures and nest-site enhancements, as currently undertaken, is questionable because of considerable annual variation in use by and protection of Least Terns.","language":"English, Polish","doi":"10.3161/068.038.0211","issn":"00016454","usgsCitation":"Winton, B.R., and Leslie, D., 2003, Nest sites and conservation of endangered Interior Least Terns Sterna antillarum athalassos on an alkaline flat in the south-central Great Plains (USA): Acta Ornithologica, v. 38, no. 2, p. 135-141, https://doi.org/10.3161/068.038.0211.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"141","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478486,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3161/068.038.0211","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":233135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269715,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3161/068.038.0211"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6484e4b0c8380cd729ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winton, Brian R.","contributorId":87493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024685,"text":"70024685 - 2003 - Safety of oxytetracycline (Terramycin TM-100F) administered in feed to hybrid striped bass, walleyes, and yellow perch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:06","indexId":"70024685","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Safety of oxytetracycline (Terramycin TM-100F) administered in feed to hybrid striped bass, walleyes, and yellow perch","docAbstract":"Oxytetracycline (Terramycin TM-100F, a medicated premix containing oxytetracycline at 220 g/kg) is approved in the United States to control certain systemic bacterial diseases of salmon and catfish when fed at a rate of 55-82.5 mg per kilogram of bodyweight per day for 10 d. Although oxytetracycline may also control certain systemic bacterial infections in coolwater or scaled warmwater fish, no safety data for such species are available. Our objective was to determine the safety of oxytetracycline administered in feed at nominal doses of 0, 82.5, 248, or 413 mg??kg-1??d-1 to yellow perch Perca flavescens and hybrid striped bass (striped bass Morone saxatilis x white bass M. chrysops) for 10 d and to walleye Sander vitreus (formerly Stizostedion vitreum) for 20 d. Yellow perch and hybrid striped bass consumed 50% to 100% of the diet, whereas walleye feed consumption was occasionally less than 50% of the diet. Feed or fecal material was present in the gastrointestinal tract of all necropsied walleyes except for one control fish. The single growth effect was that hybrid striped bass offered a nominal dose of 413 mg??kg-1??d-1 were significantly smaller than untreated controls. Oxytetracycline-related histopathological findings were limited to walleyes and were of low severity. The histopathological findings included decreased hematopoietic-lymphopoietic (H&L) tissue in the anterior kidneys, diffuse hyperplasia of the gill filament epithelium, and a decreased prevalence of fish with eosinophilic droplets in their renal tubular epithelial cells. Although the incidence of decreased H&L tissue tended to increase in proportion to oxytetracycline dose, this finding was statistically significant only for fish that received a nominal dose of 413 mg??kg-1??d-1. Given the pathogenicity of the types of bacteria that are controlled by oxytetracycline treatment and the long history of its use in major aquaculture species, the relative risk of the minor oxytetracycline-related changes observed in this study may be outweighed by disease control benefits.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/H03-042.1","issn":"08997659","usgsCitation":"Gaikowski, M., Wolf, J., Schleis, S., and Gingerich, W., 2003, Safety of oxytetracycline (Terramycin TM-100F) administered in feed to hybrid striped bass, walleyes, and yellow perch: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 15, no. 4, p. 274-286, https://doi.org/10.1577/H03-042.1.","startPage":"274","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207953,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H03-042.1"},{"id":233275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aafbee4b0c8380cd87771","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaikowski, M.P. 0000-0002-6507-9341","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":51685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolf, J.C.","contributorId":19338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schleis, S.M.","contributorId":68009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schleis","given":"S.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gingerich, W.H.","contributorId":83481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024703,"text":"70024703 - 2003 - Automated calibration of a stream solute transport model: Implications for interpretation of biogeochemical parameters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T08:57:01","indexId":"70024703","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Automated calibration of a stream solute transport model: Implications for interpretation of biogeochemical parameters","docAbstract":"The hydrologic processes of advection, dispersion, and transient storage are the primary physical mechanisms affecting solute transport in streams. The estimation of parameters for a conservative solute transport model is an essential step to characterize transient storage and other physical features that cannot be directly measured, and often is a preliminary step in the study of reactive solutes. Our study used inverse modeling to estimate parameters of the transient storage model OTIS (One dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage). Observations from a tracer injection experiment performed on Uvas Creek, California, USA, are used to illustrate the application of automated solute transport model calibration to conservative and nonconservative stream solute transport. A computer code for universal inverse modeling (UCODE) is used for the calibrations. Results of this procedure are compared with a previous study that used a trial-and-error parameter estimation approach. The results demonstrated 1) importance of the proper estimation of discharge and lateral inflow within the stream system; 2) that although the fit of the observations is not much better when transient storage is invoked, a more randomly distributed set of residuals resulted (suggesting non-systematic error), indicating that transient storage is occurring; 3) that inclusion of transient storage for a reactive solute (Sr2+) provided a better fit to the observations, highlighting the importance of robust model parameterization; and 4) that applying an automated calibration inverse modeling estimation approach resulted in a comprehensive understanding of the model results and the limitation of input data.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.2307/1468348","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Scott, D., Gooseff, M., Bencala, K., and Runkel, R., 2003, Automated calibration of a stream solute transport model: Implications for interpretation of biogeochemical parameters: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 22, no. 4, p. 492-510, https://doi.org/10.2307/1468348.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"492","endPage":"510","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eef2e4b0c8380cd4a05f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, D.T.","contributorId":44324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gooseff, M.N.","contributorId":21668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gooseff","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runkel, R.L.","contributorId":97529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024717,"text":"70024717 - 2003 - Dynamics of peat accumulation and marl flat formation in a calcareous fen, midwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:07","indexId":"70024717","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamics of peat accumulation and marl flat formation in a calcareous fen, midwestern United States","docAbstract":"The age and sequence of peat accumulation were investigated at a calcareous fen in northeastern Illinois, USA. The purpose of this study was to identify the processes that form and sustain marl flats, which are areas of marl or tufa substrate within the fen that contain numerous rare plant species. Geomorphic, stratigraphic, and radiocarbon evidence was used to establish the processes and chronology of peat accumulation and erosion adjacent to each marl flat. The age of the base of the peat deposit varies greatly throughout the fen, ranging from 14,679 calibrated years before present (cal. years BP) to nearly modern, indicating that colonization of the sand and gravel substrate by peat occurred throughout the period from the Late Pleistocene to present. Adjacent to one marl flat, trends in basal peat age and thickness show that peat accumulation has progressed laterally inward from both sides, suggesting that the marl flat has been infilling with peat progressively by accumulation at the margins since at least 5,370 cal. years BP or longer. A second marl flat in the fen is surrounded by older, thick peat of differing ages on either edge and is bounded by fresh scarps, indicating that the marl flat currently is expanding laterally by erosion into the preexisting peat blanket. These two examples suggest a continuously repeating process, where erosion of the accumulated peat blanket forms a marl flat, which is later covered by peat accumulation. Trends in basal peat age elsewhere in the fen suggest that other marl flats may have existed in the past that have been completely infilled with peat. This study suggests that marl flat formation is a natural process that has been occurring for millennia, continuously creating habitat for the rare plant species that occupy marl flats. There is no evidence that the marl flats at this site are indicative of anthropogenic disturbance, so that management options for these areas are limited to maintaining the quality and quantity of ground-water discharge that supports both peat formation and erosion. ?? 2003, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Miner, J., and Ketterling, D., 2003, Dynamics of peat accumulation and marl flat formation in a calcareous fen, midwestern United States: Wetlands, v. 23, no. 4, p. 950-960.","startPage":"950","endPage":"960","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0436e4b0c8380cd5085e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miner, J.J.","contributorId":20513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miner","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ketterling, D.B.","contributorId":90504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketterling","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024856,"text":"70024856 - 2003 - Vertical velocity variance in the mixed layer from radar wind profilers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70024856","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2341,"text":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vertical velocity variance in the mixed layer from radar wind profilers","docAbstract":"Vertical velocity variance data were derived from remotely sensed mixed layer turbulence measurements at the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiments (ABLE) facility in Butler County, Kansas. These measurements and associated data were provided by a collection of instruments that included two 915 MHz wind profilers, two radio acoustic sounding systems, and two eddy correlation devices. The data from these devices were available through the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE) database operated by Argonne National Laboratory. A signal processing procedure outlined by Angevine et al. was adapted and further built upon to derive vertical velocity variance, w_pm???2, from 915 MHz wind profiler measurements in the mixed layer. The proposed procedure consisted of the application of a height-dependent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) filter, removal of outliers plus and minus two standard deviations about the mean on the spectral width squared, and removal of the effects of beam broadening and vertical shearing of horizontal winds. The scatter associated with w_pm???2 was mainly affected by the choice of SNR filter cutoff values. Several different sets of cutoff values were considered, and the optimal one was selected which reduced the overall scatter on w_pm???2 and yet retained a sufficient number of data points to average. A similarity relationship of w_pm???2 versus height was established for the mixed layer on the basis of the available data. A strong link between the SNR and growth/decay phases of turbulence was identified. Thus, the mid to late afternoon hours, when strong surface heating occurred, were observed to produce the highest quality signals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2003)8:6(301)","issn":"10840699","usgsCitation":"Eng, K., Coulter, R., and Brutsaert, W., 2003, Vertical velocity variance in the mixed layer from radar wind profilers: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, v. 8, no. 6, p. 301-307, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2003)8:6(301).","startPage":"301","endPage":"307","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207835,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2003)8:6(301)"}],"volume":"8","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc24ae4b08c986b32aa4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eng, K.","contributorId":51063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eng","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coulter, R.L.","contributorId":78913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coulter","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brutsaert, W.","contributorId":103445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brutsaert","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024865,"text":"70024865 - 2003 - Erosion of an ancient mountain range, the Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina and Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-14T22:02:44.236097","indexId":"70024865","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosion of an ancient mountain range, the Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina and Tennessee","docAbstract":"Analysis of 10Be and 26Al in bedrock (n=10), colluvium (n=5 including grain size splits), and alluvial sediments (n=59 including grain size splits), coupled with field observations and GIS analysis, suggest that erosion rates in the Great Smoky Mountains are controlled by subsurface bedrock erosion and diffusive slope processes. The results indicate rapid alluvial transport, minimal alluvial storage, and suggest that most of the cosmogenic nuclide inventory in sediments is accumulated while they are eroding from bedrock and traveling down hill slopes.
Spatially homogeneous erosion rates of 25 - 30 mm Ky−1 are calculated throughout the Great Smoky Mountains using measured concentrations of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in quartz separated from alluvial sediment. 10Be and 26Al concentrations in sediments collected from headwater tributaries that have no upstream samples (n=18) are consistent with an average erosion rate of 28 ± 8 mm Ky−1, similar to that of the outlet rivers (n=16, 24 ± 6 mm Ky−1), which carry most of the sediment out of the mountain range.
Grain-size-specific analysis of 6 alluvial sediment samples shows higher nuclide concentrations in smaller grain sizes than in larger ones. The difference in concentrations arises from the large elevation distribution of the source of the smaller grains compared with the narrow and relatively low source elevation of the large grains. Large sandstone clasts disaggregate into sand-size grains rapidly during weathering and downslope transport; thus, only clasts from the lower parts of slopes reach the streams. 26Al/10Be ratios do not suggest significant burial periods for our samples. However, alluvial samples have lower 26Al/10Be ratios than bedrock and colluvial samples, a trend consistent with a longer integrated cosmic ray exposure history that includes periods of burial during down-slope transport.
The results confirm some of the basic ideas embedded in Davis’ geographic cycle model, such as the reduction of relief through slope processes, and of Hack’s dynamic equilibrium model such as the similarity of erosion rates across different lithologies. Comparing cosmogenic nuclide data with other measured and calculated erosion rates for the Appalachians, we conclude that rates of erosion, integrated over varying time periods from decades to a hundred million years are similar, the result of equilibrium between erosion and isostatic uplift in the southern Appalachian Mountains.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/ajs.303.9.817","issn":"00029599","usgsCitation":"Matmon, A., Bierman, P., Larsen, J., Southworth, S., Pavich, M., Finkel, R., and Caffee, M., 2003, Erosion of an ancient mountain range, the Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina and Tennessee: American Journal of Science, v. 303, no. 9, p. 817-855, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.303.9.817.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"817","endPage":"855","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.303.9.817","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee, North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Great Smokey Mountains National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.276123046875,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -82.716064453125,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -82.716064453125,\n 35.9157474194997\n ],\n [\n -84.276123046875,\n 35.9157474194997\n ],\n [\n -84.276123046875,\n 35.06597313798418\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"303","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a3ce4b0c8380cd5226b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matmon, A.","contributorId":14983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matmon","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bierman, P.R.","contributorId":49145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bierman","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larsen, J.","contributorId":74544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Southworth, S.","contributorId":107886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southworth","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pavich, M.","contributorId":58399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finkel, R.","contributorId":103028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkel","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Caffee, M.","contributorId":86518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caffee","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70024869,"text":"70024869 - 2003 - Geology and geochemistry of the Reocín zinc-lead deposit, Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Northern Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-27T18:56:17.425921","indexId":"70024869","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and geochemistry of the Reocín zinc-lead deposit, Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Northern Spain","docAbstract":"The Reocín Zn-Pb deposit, 30 km southwest of Santander, Spain, occurs within Lower Cretaceous dolomitized Urgonian limestones on the southern flank of the Santillana syncline. The Reocín deposit is one of the largest known strata-bound, carbonate-hosted, zinc-lead deposits in Europe. The total metal endowment of the deposit, including past production and remaining reserves, is 62 Mt of ore grading 8.7 percent Zn and 1.0 percent Pb. The epigenetic mineralization consists of sphalerite and galena, with lesser marcasite and trace pyrite with dolomite as gangue. Microprobe analyses of different generations of dolomite revealed nonstoichiometric compositions with various amounts of iron (up to 14 mol % of FeCO 3). Replacement of host dolomite, open-space filling of fractures, and cementation of breccias derived from dissolution collapse are the principal types of ore occurrence. Detailed cross-section mapping indicates a stratigraphic and structural control on the deposit. A stratiform morphology is present in the western part of the orebody (Capa Sur), whereas mineralization in the eastern part is highly discordant but strata bound (Barrendera). Stratigraphic studies demonstrate that synsedimentary tectonic activity, related to the rifting of the North Atlantic (Bay of Biscay), was responsible for variation in sedimentation, presence of unconformities (including paleokarsts), local platform emergence and dolomitization along the N60 fault trend. In the Reocín area, two stages of dolomitization are recognized. The first stage is a pervasive dolomitization of the limestone country rocks that was controlled by faulting and locally affected the upper part of the Aptian and the complete Albian sequence. The second dolomitization event occurred after erosion and was controlled by karstic cavities. This later dolomitization was accompanied by ore deposition and, locally, filling of dolomite sands and clastic sediments in karstic cavities. The circulation of hydrothermal fluids responsible for sulfide deposition and the infilling of karst cavities were broadly contemporaneous, indicating a post-Albian age. Vitrinite reflectance data are consistent with previously measured fluid inclusion temperatures and indicate temperatures of ore deposition that were less than 100°C. Carbon and oxygen isotopic data from samples of regional limestone, host-rock dolostone and ore-stage dolomite suggest an early hydrothermal alteration of limestone to dolostone. This initial dolomitization was followed by a second period of dolomite formation produced by the mixing of basinal metal-rich fluids with local modified seawater. Both dolomitization events occurred under similar conditions from fluids exhibiting characteristics of basinal brines. The δ 34S values of sulfides are between -1.8 and +8.5 per mil, which is consistent with thermochemical sulfate reduction involving organic matter as the main source of reduced sulfur. Galena lead isotope compositions are among the most radiogenic values reported for Zn-Pb occurrences in Europe, and they are distinct from values reported for galena from other Basque-Cantabrian deposits. This suggests that a significant part of the lead was scavenged from the local underlying Asturian sediments. The stratigraphic and structural setting, timing of epigenetic mineralization, mineralogy, and isotopic geochemistry of sulfide and gangue minerals of the Reocín deposit are consistent with the features of most of Mississippi Valley-type ore deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.98.7.1371","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Velasco, F., Herrero, J.M., Yusta, I., Alonso, J.A., Seebold, I., and Leach, D., 2003, Geology and geochemistry of the Reocín zinc-lead deposit, Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Northern Spain: Economic Geology, v. 98, no. 7, p. 1371-1396, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.98.7.1371.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1371","endPage":"1396","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387492,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","otherGeospatial":"northern Spain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -9.3603515625,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n 3.427734375,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n 3.427734375,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -9.3603515625,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -9.3603515625,\n 41.21172151054787\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a22e3e4b0c8380cd57411","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velasco, Francisco","contributorId":58060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velasco","given":"Francisco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herrero, Jose Miguel","contributorId":92019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrero","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"Miguel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yusta, Inaki","contributorId":8261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yusta","given":"Inaki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alonso, Jose Antonio","contributorId":45871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alonso","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"Antonio","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seebold, Ignacio","contributorId":43537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seebold","given":"Ignacio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leach, David","contributorId":41076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70024874,"text":"70024874 - 2003 - Historic range of variability in landscape structure in subalpine forests of the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024874","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historic range of variability in landscape structure in subalpine forests of the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA","docAbstract":"A measure of the historic range of variability (HRV) in landscape structure is essential for evaluating current landscape patterns of Rocky Mountain coniferous forests that have been subjected to intensive timber harvest. We used a geographic information system (GIS) and FRAGSTATS to calculate key landscape metrics on two ???130,000-ha landscapes in the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA: one in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), which has been primarily shaped by natural fires, and a second in the adjacent Targhee National Forest (TNF), which has undergone intensive clearcutting for nearly 30 years. Digital maps of the current and historical landscape in YNP were developed from earlier stand age maps developed by Romme and Despain. Maps of the TNF landscape were adapted from United States Forest Service Resource Information System (RIS) data. Key landscape metrics were calculated at 20-yr intervals for YNP for the period from 1705-1995. These metrics were used to first evaluate the relative effects of small vs. large fire events on landscape structure and were then compared to similar metrics calculated for both pre- and post-harvest landscapes of the TNF. Large fires, such as those that burned in 1988, produced a structurally different landscape than did previous, smaller fires (1705-1985). The total number of patches of all types was higher after 1988 (694 vs. 340-404 before 1988), and mean patch size was reduced by almost half (186 ha vs. 319-379 ha). The amount of unburned forest was less following the 1988 fires (63% vs. 72-90% prior to 1988), yet the number of unburned patches increased by nearly an order of magnitude (230 vs. a maximum of 41 prior to 1988). Total core area and mean core area per patch decreased after 1988 relative to smaller fires (???73,700 ha vs. 87,000-110,000 ha, and 320 ha vs. 2,123 ha, respectively). Notably, only edge density was similar (17 m ha-1 after 1988) to earlier landscapes (9.8-14.2 m ha-1). Three decades of timber harvesting dramatically altered landscape structure in the TNF. Total number of patches increased threefold (1,481 after harvest vs. 437 before harvest), and mean patch size decreased by ???70% (91.3 ha vs. 309 ha). None of the post-harvest landscape metrics calculated for the TNF fell within the HRV as defined in YNP, even when the post-1988 landscape was considered. In contrast, pre-harvest TNF landscape metrics were all within, or very nearly within, the HRV for YNP While reference conditions such as those identified by this study are useful for local and regional landscape evaluation and planning, additional research is necessary to understand the consequences of changes in landscape structure for population, community, ecosystem, and landscape function.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1026156900092","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Tinker, D., Romme, W., and Despain, D.G., 2003, Historic range of variability in landscape structure in subalpine forests of the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA: Landscape Ecology, v. 18, no. 4, p. 427-439, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026156900092.","startPage":"427","endPage":"439","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207701,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026156900092"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3162e4b0c8380cd5dea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tinker, D.B.","contributorId":39163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romme, W.H.","contributorId":89307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romme","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Despain, Don G.","contributorId":31147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Despain","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":402969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024877,"text":"70024877 - 2003 - Complications with using ratios for environmental data: Comparing enantiomeric ratios (ERs) and enantiomer fractions (EFs)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024877","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complications with using ratios for environmental data: Comparing enantiomeric ratios (ERs) and enantiomer fractions (EFs)","docAbstract":"Complications arise when ratios are used to present environmental data because ratios are an unbounded, multiplicative scale that can lead to asymmetrical (skewed) data distributions. Enantiomeric ratios (ERs), historically used in discussions of chiral signatures, often are published as mean ER??single-value standard deviation. Application of statistical summaries, such as the widely used sample mean and standard deviation, to skewed ratio data is misleading and often inappropriate. Comparison of statistically summarized ER and enantiomer fraction (EF) data (which are based on a bounded, additive scale) for a range of hypothetical values reveals substantial discrepancies when conversion between ER and EF formats is used. These discrepancies are largest when the ratio data are greater than one and have large variability, because the data are more skewed. In many cases, the use of fractions instead of ratios can help to minimize misrepresentation of environmental data, including chiral data. The use of nonparametric statistical summaries, e.g., median and percentiles, provides a more robust indicator of the typical value and spread for both ER and EF data. ?? 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00538-1","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Ulrich, E., Helsel, D., and Foreman, W., 2003, Complications with using ratios for environmental data: Comparing enantiomeric ratios (ERs) and enantiomer fractions (EFs): Chemosphere, v. 53, no. 5, p. 531-538, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00538-1.","startPage":"531","endPage":"538","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207725,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00538-1"},{"id":232899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f913e4b0c8380cd4d406","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulrich, E.M.","contributorId":10956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulrich","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helsel, D.R.","contributorId":57448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helsel","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7242,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":402980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foreman, W.T.","contributorId":94684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024894,"text":"70024894 - 2003 - Influence of landscape structure and climate variability on a late holocene plant migration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70024894","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of landscape structure and climate variability on a late holocene plant migration","docAbstract":"We analyzed and radiocarbon-dated 205 fossil woodrat middens from 14 sites in central and northern Wyoming and adjacent Utah and Montana to document spatiotemporal patterns of Holocene invasion by Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma). Holocene migration into central and northern Wyoming and southern Montana from the south proceeded by a series of long-distance dispersal events, which were paced by climate variability and structured by the geographic distribution and connectivity of suitable habitats on the landscape. The migration of Utah juniper into the region involved multiple long-distance dispersal events, ranging from 30 to 135 km. One of the earliest established populations, on East Pryor Mountain in south central Montana, is currently the northernmost population of the species. Establishment by long-distance dispersal of that population and another in the Bighorn Basin occurred during a period of relatively dry climate between 7500 and 5400 years ago. Further expansion of these initial colonizing populations and backfilling to occupy suitable sites to the south was delayed during a wet period from 5400 to 2800 years ago. Development of dry conditions 2800 years ago led to a rapid expansion in which Utah juniper colonized sites throughout its current range. Landscape structure and climate variability play important roles in governing the pattern and pace of natural invasions and deserve close attention in studying and modeling plant invasions, whether exotic or natural.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Monographs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00129615","usgsCitation":"Lyford, M., Jackson, S., Betancourt, J., and Gray, S., 2003, Influence of landscape structure and climate variability on a late holocene plant migration: Ecological Monographs, v. 73, no. 4, p. 567-583.","startPage":"567","endPage":"583","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b49e4b0c8380cd623c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyford, M.E.","contributorId":33883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyford","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackson, S.T.","contributorId":90072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Betancourt, J.L. 0000-0002-7165-0743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":87505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":403038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, S.T.","contributorId":19680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}