The U.S. Geological Survey is evaluating potentially useful surrogate instruments and methods for inferring the physical characteristics of suspended sediments. Instruments operating on bulk acoustic, bulk and digital optic, laser, and pressure-differential technologies are being tested in riverine and laboratory settings for their usefulness to Federal agencies toward providing quantifiably reliable information on bed-material and bed-topography characteristics, and on concentrations, size distributions and transport rates of sediments in suspension and as bedload. The efficacy of four suspended-sediment surrogate technologies has been demonstrated to varying degrees of success in Kansas, Florida, Arizona, and Puerto Rico.
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2003 - U.S. Geological Survey on-line fluvial sediment data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T11:52:34","indexId":"70120661","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-15T12:34:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"U.S. Geological Survey on-line fluvial sediment data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Virginia Water Research Symposium 2003: Water Resource Management for the Commonwealth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Virginia Tech","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.R., and Turcios, L.M., 2003, U.S. Geological Survey on-line fluvial sediment data, in Proceedings of the Virginia Water Research Symposium 2003: Water Resource Management for the Commonwealth, p. 18-25.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 144.616667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,13.233333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ed9e4b0bfa1f993f024","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John R. 0000-0002-8817-3701 jrgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8817-3701","contributorId":1158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jrgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turcios, Lisa M.","contributorId":66124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turcios","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120644,"text":"70120644 - 2003 - A proposed international watershed research network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T13:06:59","indexId":"70120644","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-15T11:51:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A proposed international watershed research network","docAbstract":"An “International Watershed Research Network” is to be an initial project of the Sino-U. S. Centers for Soil and Water Conservation and Environmental Protection. The Network will provide a fundamental database for research personnel of the Centers, as well as of the global research community, and is viewed as an important resource for their successful operation. Efforts are under way to (a) identify and select candidate watersheds, (b) develop standards and protocols for data collection and dissemination, and (c) specify other data sources on erosion, sediment transport, hydrology, and ancillary information of probable interest and use to participants of the Centers.
The initial focus of the Network will be on water-deficient areas. Candidate watersheds for the Network are yet to be determined although likely selections include the Ansai Research Station, northern China, and the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, Arizona, USA. The Network is to be patterned after the Vigil Network, an open-ended group of global sites and small drainage basins for which Internet-accessible geomorphic, hydrologic, and biological data are periodically collected or updated. Some types of data, using similar instruments and observation methods, will be collected at all watersheds selected for the Network. Other data from the watersheds that may reflect individual watershed characteristics and research objectives will be collected as well.
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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"First Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds: October 27-30, 2003","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service","usgsCitation":"Schwarz, G., Smith, R., Alexander, R., and Gray, J., 2003, Recent progress in the development of a SPARROW model of sediment for the conterminous U.S., in First Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds: October 27-30, 2003, p. 257-262.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"262","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292294,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.tucson.ars.ag.gov/ICRW/Proceedings.htm"},{"id":292295,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.tucson.ars.ag.gov/ICRW/Proceedings/Schwarz.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ed7e4b0bfa1f993f000","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwarz, Gregory","contributorId":47299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard","contributorId":34172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, Richard","contributorId":91003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, John","contributorId":85893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70120612,"text":"70120612 - 2003 - Evaluation of sediment-surrogate technologies for computation of suspended-sediment transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:48:18","indexId":"70120612","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-15T08:49:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluation of sediment-surrogate technologies for computation of suspended-sediment transport","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings : 1st International Yellow River Forum on River Basin Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.R., Patiño, E., Rasmussen, P.P., Larsen, M.C., Melis, T., Topping, D.J., Runner, M.S., and Figueroa Alamo, C., 2003, Evaluation of sediment-surrogate technologies for computation of suspended-sediment transport, in Proceedings : 1st International Yellow River Forum on River Basin Management, v. III, p. 314-323.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"314","endPage":"323","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292250,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"III","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ecee4b0bfa1f993ef4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John R. 0000-0002-8817-3701 jrgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8817-3701","contributorId":1158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jrgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patiño, Eduardo","contributorId":86699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patiño","given":"Eduardo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rasmussen, Patrick P. 0000-0002-3287-6010 pras@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-6010","contributorId":3530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Patrick","email":"pras@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larsen, Matthew C. mclarsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Matthew","email":"mclarsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":498287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melis, Theodore S. 0000-0003-0473-3968 tmelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0473-3968","contributorId":1829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melis","given":"Theodore S.","email":"tmelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Runner, Michael S. msrunner@usgs.gov","contributorId":3497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runner","given":"Michael","email":"msrunner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":498289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Figueroa Alamo, Carlos","contributorId":20665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figueroa Alamo","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70120294,"text":"70120294 - 2003 - Hazard mitigation related to water and sediment fluxes in the Yellow River basin, China, based on comparable basins of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-03T11:56:26","indexId":"70120294","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-13T16:38:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hazard mitigation related to water and sediment fluxes in the Yellow River basin, China, based on comparable basins of the United States","docAbstract":"The Yellow River, north-central China, and comparative rivers of the western United States, the Rio Grande and the Colorado River, derive much of their flows from melting snow at high elevations, but derive most of their se diment loads from semiarid central parts of the basins. The three rivers are regulated by larg e reservoirs that store water and sediment, causing downstream channel scour and, farthe r downstream, flood hazard owing to re- deposition of sediment. Potential approaches to reducing continui ng bed aggradation and increasing flood hazard along the lower Yellow Ri ver include flow augmentation, retirement of irrigation that decreases flows and increas es erosion, and re-routing of the middle Yellow River to bypass large sediment i nputs of the Loess Plateau.
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While parent materials provide many soil nutrients, aeolian deposition can provide up to 75% of plant-essential nutrients including N, P, K, Mg, Na, Mn, Cu, and Fe. Soil surface biota are often sticky, and help retain wind-deposited nutrients, as well as providing much of the N inputs. Carbon inputs are from both plants and soil surface biota. Most desert soils are protected by cyanobacterial-lichen-moss soil crusts, chemical crusts and/or desert pavement. Experimental disturbances applied in US deserts show disruption of soil surfaces result in decreased N and C inputs from soil biota by up to 100%. The ability to glue aeolian deposits in place is compromised, and underlying soils are exposed to erosion. The ability to withstand wind increases with biological and physical soil crust development. While most undisturbed sites show little sediment production, disturbance by vehicles or livestock produce up to 36 times more sediment production, with soil movement initiated at wind velocities well below commonly-occurring wind speeds. Soil fines and flora are often concentrated in the top 3 mm of the soil surface. Winds across disturbed areas can quickly remove this material from the soil surface, thereby potentially removing much of current and future soil fertility. Thus, disturbances of desert soil surfaces can both reduce fertility inputs and accelerate fertility losses.
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Other important selection criteria are durability (based on mineral composition, hardness and past performance), strength and the ability of the stone to take a polish.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Dolley, T., 2003, Dimension stone: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 25-25.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"25","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517e44e1e4b0eff6bc0031c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dolley, T.P.","contributorId":24171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolley","given":"T.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045653,"text":"70045653 - 2003 - Magnesium compounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-28T21:37:42","indexId":"70045653","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnesium compounds","docAbstract":"Seawater and natural brines accounted for about 60 percent of U.S. magnesium compounds production during 2002. Dead-burned and caustic-calcined magnesias were recovered from seawater by Premier Chemicals in Florida. They were also recovered from well brines in Michigan by Dow Chemical, Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties and Rohm & Haas. And they were recovered from magnesite in Nevada by Premier Chemicals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Kramer, D., 2003, Magnesium compounds: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 36-37.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"37","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271573,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517e44efe4b0eff6bc0031f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kramer, D.A.","contributorId":70187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045447,"text":"70045447 - 2003 - Kaolin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T14:47:46","indexId":"70045447","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kaolin","docAbstract":"Part of the 2002 industrial minerals review. Statistics on kaolin production, consumption, prices, and imports are provided. Other developments in the industry and the outlook for 2003 are detailed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2003, Kaolin: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 34-35.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"35","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72eee4b00154e4368c31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.L.","contributorId":39357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70044945,"text":"70044945 - 2003 - Strontium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-06T12:56:38","indexId":"70044945","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strontium","docAbstract":"Mexico and Spain are the leading producers of celestite, the most common strontium ore. Those countries produced nearly 80 percent of the estimated 360 kt (397,000 st) of celestite produced worldwide during 2002. China and Turkey are other significant celestite producers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Ober, J., 2003, Strontium: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 48-49.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-005617","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5188d4e7e4b023d2d75b9a9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ober, J.A.","contributorId":76351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ober","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045436,"text":"70045436 - 2003 - Common clay and shale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T11:36:04","indexId":"70045436","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Common clay and shale","docAbstract":"Part of the 2002 industrial minerals review. The production, consumption, and price of shale and common clay in the U.S. during 2002 are discussed. The impact of EPA regulations on brick and structural clay product manufacturers is also outlined.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2003, Common clay and shale: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 22-23.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"23","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270989,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72e9e4b00154e4368bde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.L.","contributorId":39357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70044836,"text":"70044836 - 2003 - Mineral resource of the month: fluorspar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T12:14:46","indexId":"70044836","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1829,"text":"Geotimes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: fluorspar","docAbstract":"Fluorspar, this month’s featured mineral resource commodity, has been widely used in steelmaking since the introduction of basic open-hearth furnace technology in the late 19th century. Its uses have grown and changed over the last 100 years, and now fluorspar’s most important markets are fluorochemicals, aluminum refining and steel. M. Michael Miller, Fluorspar Commodity Specialist for the U.S. Geological Survey, has prepared the following information about fluorspar.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotimes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.M., 2003, Mineral resource of the month: fluorspar: Geotimes, v. 2003, no. December, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-021754","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271970,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.geotimes.org/dec03/resources.html"}],"volume":"2003","issue":"December","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a2270e4b061e1bd533401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. Michael mmiller1@usgs.gov","contributorId":2018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"mmiller1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045623,"text":"70045623 - 2003 - Fluorspar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-27T15:21:39","indexId":"70045623","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluorspar","docAbstract":"The United States had a small quantity of fluorspar production from one mine in Utah during 2002. Most of the fluorspar consumed in the United States continued to come from imports or material purchased from the National Defense Stockpile (NDS). In addition, a small amount of synthetic fluorspar (CaF2) was produced from industrial waste streams.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Miller, M., 2003, Fluorspar: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 26-27.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"27","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517cf367e4b0d8907b2881b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M.","contributorId":13178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045457,"text":"70045457 - 2003 - Bentonite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T16:23:37","indexId":"70045457","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bentonite","docAbstract":"Part of the 2002 industrial minerals review. Production, consumption, cost, and trade data for bentonite during 2002 are presented. Predictions on bentonite markets in 2003 are also provided.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2003, Bentonite: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 17-17.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72e5e4b00154e4368bb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.","contributorId":61151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045636,"text":"70045636 - 2003 - Industrial diamond","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-27T19:35:19","indexId":"70045636","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Industrial diamond","docAbstract":"Statistics on the production, consumption, cost, trade, and government stockpile of natural and synthetic industrial diamond are provided. The outlook for the industrial diamond market is also considered.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Olson, D., 2003, Industrial diamond: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 32-32.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"32","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271542,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517cf372e4b0d8907b28821f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, D.W.","contributorId":82369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045659,"text":"70045659 - 2003 - Nitrogen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-28T22:07:40","indexId":"70045659","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen","docAbstract":"The ammonia industry partially recovered from the effects of high natural gas prices that had closed a significant portion of the industry in 2001. Ammonia production capacity in the United States in 2002 was about 17.1 Mt (18.8 million st). About 53 percent of this capacity was centered in Louisiana, Oklahoma and Texas where there are large reserves of natural gas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Mining Engineering","usgsCitation":"Kramer, D., 2003, Nitrogen: Mining Engineering, v. 55, no. 6, p. 38-39.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"39","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517e44f3e4b0eff6bc003215","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kramer, D.","contributorId":76621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}