The Lake Erie-Lake St. Clair Basin covers approximately 22,300 mi2 (square miles) in parts of Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York. Situated in two major physiographic provinces, the Appalachian Plateaus and the Central Lowland, the basin includes varied topographic and geomorphic features that affect the hydrology. As of 1990, the basin was inhabited by approximately 10.4 million people.
Lake effect has a large influence on the temperature and precipitation of the basin, especially along the leeward southeast shore of Lake Erie. Mean annual precipitation generally increases from west to east, ranging from 31.8 inches at Detroit, Mich., to 43.8 inches at Erie, Pa.
The rocks that underlie the Lake Erie-Lake St. Clair Basin range in age from Cambrian through Pennsylvanian, but only Silurian through Pennsylvanian rocks are part of the shallow ground-water flow system. The position of the basin on the edge of the Michigan and Appalachian Basins is responsible for the large range in geologic time of the exposed rocks. Rock types range from shales, siltstones, and mudstones to coarse-grained sandstones and conglomerates. Carbonate rocks consisting of limestones, dolomites, and calcareous shales also underlie the basin. All the basin is overlain by Pleistocene deposits- till, fine-grained stratified sediments, and coarse-grained stratified sediments-most of Wisconsinan age. A system of buried river valleys filled with various lacustrine, alluvial, and coarse glacial deposits is present in the basin.
The soils of the Lake Erie-Lake St. Clair Basin consist of two dominant soil orders: Alfisols and Inceptisols. Four other soil orders in the basin (Mollisols, Histisols, Entisols, and Spodosols) are of minor significance, making up less than 8 percent of the total area.
The estimated water use for the Lake Erie-Lake St. Clair Basin for 1990 was 10,649 Mgal/d (million gallons per day). Power generation accounted for about 77 percent of total water withdrawals for the basin, whereas agriculture accounted for the least water-use withdrawals, at an estimated 38 Mgal/d. About 98 percent of the total water used in the basin was drawn from surface water; the remaining 2 percent was from ground water.
Agricultural and urban land are the predominant land covers in the basin. Agriculture makes up approximately 74.7 percent of the total basin area; urban land use accounts for 11.2 percent; forested areas constitute 10.5 percent; and water, wetlands, rangeland, and barren land constitute less than 4.0 percent.
The eight principal streams in the basin are the Clinton, Huron, and Raisin Rivers in Michigan, the Maumee, Sandusky, Cuyahoga, and Grand Rivers in Ohio, and Cattaraugus Creek in New York. The Maumee River, the largest stream in the basin, drains 6,609 mi2 and discharges just under 24 percent of the streamflow from the basin into Lake Erie. Combined, the eight principal streams discharge approximately 54 percent of the surface water from the basin to the Lake Erie system per year. Average runoff increases from west to east in the basin.
The glacial and recent deposits comprise the unconsolidated aquifers and confining units within the basin. Yields of wells completed in tills range from 0 to 20 gal/min (gallon per minute), but yields generally are near the lower part of this range. Fine-grained stratified deposits can be expected to yield from 0 to 3 gal/ min, and coarse-grained stratified deposits can yield 0.3 to 2,050 gal/min. Pennsylvanian sandstones can yield more than 25 gal/min, but they generally yield 10 to 25 gal/min. Mississippian sandstones in the basin generally yield 2 to 100 gal/min. The Mississippian and Devonian shales are considered to be confining units; in places, they produce small quantities of water from fractures at or near the bedrock surface. Wells completed in the Devonian and Silurian carbonates yield 25 to 500 gal/min, but higher yields have been reported in several zones.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974256","usgsCitation":"Casey, G.D., Myers, D.N., Finnegan, D.P., and Wieczorek, M., 1998, National water-quality assessment of the Lake Erie-Lake St. Clair Basin, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York — Environmental and hydrologic setting: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4256, viii, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974256.","productDescription":"viii, 93 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394116,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48862.htm"},{"id":54442,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4256/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4256/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Michigan, New York , Ohio, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie - Lake St. Clair Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.3333,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -78.1667,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -78.1667,\n 43.6667\n ],\n [\n -85.3333,\n 43.6667\n ],\n [\n -85.3333,\n 40.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698341","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casey, G. D.","contributorId":49819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Myers, Donna N.","contributorId":63027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finnegan, D. P.","contributorId":7736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finnegan","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael E. 0000-0003-0999-5457 mewieczo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-5457","contributorId":178736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael E.","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25962,"text":"wri974204 - 1998 - Geohydrology and simulated ground-water flow in northwestern Elkhart County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T11:00:25","indexId":"wri974204","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4204","title":"Geohydrology and simulated ground-water flow in northwestern Elkhart County, Indiana","docAbstract":"In 1994, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the City of Elkhart, developed a ground-water model of the Elkhart, Indiana, area to determine the avail-ability and source of water at potential new well fields. The modeled area covered 190 square miles of northwestern Elkhart County and a small part of southern Michigan. Three Superfund sites and several other sites in this area are undergoing environmental cleanup. The model would be used to guide the location of well fields so that Superfund sites and environmental cleanup areas would not be within recharge areas for the well fields. The City of Elkhart obtains its water supply from two aquifers separated by a generally continuous confining unit. The upper aquifer is composed primarily of sand and gravel of glacial origin. Thickness of the upper aquifer ranges from 0 to 116 feet and averages 47 feet. The lower aquifer is composed of sand and gravel with interbedded lenses of silt and clay. Thickness of the lower aquifer ranges from 1 to 335 feet and averages 35 feet. The intervening confining unit is composed of silt and clay with interbedded sand and gravel; the confining unit ranges from 0 to 177 feet, with an average thickness of 27 feet. Flow through the aquifers is generally horizontal vertically downward from the upper aquifer, through the confining unit, and into the lower aquifer, except where flow is vertically upward at the St. Joseph River and other large streams. The hydraulic characteristics of the aquifers and confining unit were estimated by analyzing aquifer-test data from well drillers? logs and by calibration of the model. The horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the upper aquifer is 170 feet per day within about 1 mile of the St. Joseph and Elkhart Rivers and 370 feet per day at distances greater than about 1 mile. The horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the lower aquifer is 370 feet per day throughout the modeled area, with the exception of an area near the center of the modeled area where the horizontal hydraulic conductivity is 170 feet per day. Transmissivity of the lower aquifer increases generally from southwest to northeast; transmissivity values range from near 0 where the lower aquifer is absent to 57,000 square feet per day and average about 8,100 square feet per day. The vertical hydraulic conductivity of the confining unit is 0.07 feet per day; the vertical conductivity of the streambeds commonly is 1.0 foot per day and ranges from 0.05 foot per day to 50 feet per day. The areal recharge rate to the outwash deposits was determined by a base-flow separation technique to be 16 inches per year, and the areal recharge rate to the till was assumed to be 4 inches per year. A two-layer digital model was used to simulate flow in the ground-water system. The model was calibrated on the basis of historical water-use data, water-level records, and gain/loss data for streams during May and June 1979. The model was recalibrated with water-use data and water-level records from 1988. For 1979 data, 49 percent of the inflow to the model area is from precipitation and 46 percent is ground-water inflow across the model boundaries. Most of the ground-water inflow across the model boundary is from the north and east, which corresponds to high values of transmissivity?as high as 57,000 feet squared per day?in the model layers in the northern and eastern areas. Eighty-two percent of the ground-water discharge is to the streams; 5 percent of the ground-water discharge is to wells. Source areas and flow paths to the City of Elkhart public well fields are affected by the location of streams and the geology in the area. Flow to the North Well Field originates north-west of the well field, forms relatively straight flow paths, and moves southeast toward the well field and the St. Joseph River. Flow to the South Well Field begins mostly in the out-wash along Yellow Creek south of the well field, moves northward, and t
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri974204","collaboration":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, City of Elkhart","usgsCitation":"Arihood, L.D., and Cohen, D., 1998, Geohydrology and simulated ground-water flow in northwestern Elkhart County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4204, v, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974204.","productDescription":"v, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"47","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4204/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54712,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4204/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Elkhart","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.7874,41.7615],[-85.7591,41.7613],[-85.6606,41.7608],[-85.6589,41.699],[-85.6575,41.6122],[-85.6554,41.5251],[-85.6542,41.4733],[-85.6552,41.4384],[-85.7704,41.4377],[-85.8874,41.4379],[-86.0008,41.4375],[-86.059,41.4367],[-86.0594,41.4644],[-86.0593,41.474],[-86.0593,41.479],[-86.0592,41.4935],[-86.0598,41.4999],[-86.0624,41.7619],[-85.932,41.7623],[-85.7874,41.7615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Elkhart\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8c7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arihood, L. D. 0000-0001-5792-3699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3699","contributorId":74388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arihood","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohen, D.A.","contributorId":17628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21740,"text":"ofr98357 - 1998 - Digital Geologic Map of the Rosalia 1:100,000 Quadrangle, Washington and Idaho: A Digital Database for the 1990 S.Z. Waggoner Map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:07","indexId":"ofr98357","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-357","title":"Digital Geologic Map of the Rosalia 1:100,000 Quadrangle, Washington and Idaho: A Digital Database for the 1990 S.Z. Waggoner Map","docAbstract":"The geologic map of the Rosalia 1:100,000-scale quadrangle was compiled in 1990 by S.Z. Waggoner of the Washington state Division of Geology and Earth Resources. This data was entered into a geographic information system (GIS) as part of a larger effort to create regional digital geology for the Pacific Northwest. The intent was to provide a digital geospatial database for a previously published black and white paper geologic map. This database can be queried in many ways to produce a variety of geologic maps. Digital base map data files are not included: they may be obtained from a variety of commercial and government sources. This database is not meant to be used or displayed at any scale larger than 1:100,000 (e.g., 1:62,500 or 1:24,000) as it has been somewhat generalized to fit the 1:100,000 scale map. \r\n\r\nThe map area is located in eastern Washington and extends across the state border into western Idaho. This open-file report describes the methods used to convert the geologic map data into a digital format, documents the file structures, and explains how to download the digital files from the U.S. Geological Survey public access World Wide Web site on the Internet. \r\n\r\nWe wish to thank J. Eric Schuster of the Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources for providing the original stable-base mylar and the funding for it to be scanned. We also thank Dick Blank and Barry Moring of the U.S. Geological Survey for reviewing the manuscript and digital files, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr98357","issn":"0566-8174","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Spokane County Public Works, Utilities Department, and the Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources","usgsCitation":"Derkey, P., Johnson, B.R., Lackaff, B.B., and Derkey, R.E., 1998, Digital Geologic Map of the Rosalia 1:100,000 Quadrangle, Washington and Idaho: A Digital Database for the 1990 S.Z. Waggoner Map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-357, Report: ii, 27 p.; ReadMe; Datasets; Text/AML Files; GIS Files; Maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98357.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 27 p.; ReadMe; Datasets; Text/AML Files; GIS Files; Maps","costCenters":[{"id":667,"text":"Western Region Geologic Information","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11856,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-357/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118,47 ], [ -118,47.5 ], [ -117,47.5 ], [ -117,47 ], [ -118,47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b45e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Derkey, Pamela D.","contributorId":69590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derkey","given":"Pamela D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Bruce R.","contributorId":100009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lackaff, Beatrice B.","contributorId":68340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lackaff","given":"Beatrice","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Derkey, Robert E.","contributorId":58669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derkey","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":22179,"text":"ofr98340 - 1998 - Stratiform zinc-lead mineralization in Nasina assemblage rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-13T19:38:01.614416","indexId":"ofr98340","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-340","title":"Stratiform zinc-lead mineralization in Nasina assemblage rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"The Yukon-Tanana Upland of east-central Alaska and Yukon comprises thrust sheets of ductilely deformed metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks of uncertain age and origin that are overlain by klippen of weakly metamorphosed oceanic rocks of the Seventymile-Slide Mountain terrane, and intruded by post-kinematic Early Jurassic, Cretaceous and Tertiary granitoids. Metamorphosed continental margin strata in the Yukon-Tanana Upland of east-central Alaska are thought to be correlative, on the basis of stratigraphic similarities and sparse Mississippian U-Pb zircon and fossil ages (Mortensen, 1992), with middle Paleozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks in the eastern Alaska Range and in western and southeastern Yukon. Furthermore, rocks in the northern Yukon-Tanana Upland may correlate across the Tintina fault with unmetamorphosed counterparts in the Selwyn Basin (Murphy and Abbott, 1995).\n\nVolcanic-hosted (VMS) and sedimentary exhalative (sedex) massive sulfide occurrences are widely reported for these other areas (green-colored unit of fig. 1) but, as yet, have not been documented in the Alaskan part of the Yukon-Tanana Upland. Recent discoveries of VMS deposits in Devono-Mississippian metavolcanic rocks in the Finlayson Lake area of southeastern Yukon (Hunt, 1997) have increased the potential for finding VMS deposits in rocks of similar lithology and age in the Yukon-Tanana Upland of Alaska. Restoration of 450 km of early Tertiary dextral movement along the Tintina fault juxtaposes these two areas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98340","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Bressler, J.R., Takaoka, H., Mortensen, J.K., Oliver, D.H., Leventhal, J.S., Newberry, R.J., and Bundtzen, T., 1998, Stratiform zinc-lead mineralization in Nasina assemblage rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-340, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98340.","productDescription":"26 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1518,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0340/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284323,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0340/pdf/OF98-340.pdf"},{"id":284324,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0340/intro.html"},{"id":155844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98340.jpg"},{"id":430153,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51539.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Tanana Upland","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -146.0,54.5 ], [ -146.0,55.0 ], [ -145.0,55.0 ], [ -145.0,54.5 ], [ -146.0,54.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b10ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bressler, Jason R.","contributorId":16748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bressler","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takaoka, Hidetoshi","contributorId":31304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takaoka","given":"Hidetoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mortensen, James K.","contributorId":96794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mortensen","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oliver, Douglas H.","contributorId":40894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leventhal, Joel S.","contributorId":36529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leventhal","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Newberry, Rainer J.","contributorId":68645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newberry","given":"Rainer","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":32159,"text":"ofr98433 - 1998 - Aeromagnetic survey of parts of the Black River Lake, Eau Claire, Hastings, Stillwater, and Winona 1:100,000 quadrangles in Wisconsin, south-east sheet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-26T15:13:21.82533","indexId":"ofr98433","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-433","title":"Aeromagnetic survey of parts of the Black River Lake, Eau Claire, Hastings, Stillwater, and Winona 1:100,000 quadrangles in Wisconsin, south-east sheet","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98433","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998, Aeromagnetic survey of parts of the Black River Lake, Eau Claire, Hastings, Stillwater, and Winona 1:100,000 quadrangles in Wisconsin, south-east sheet: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-433, 1 Plate: 54.00 x 32.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98433.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 54.00 x 32.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163417,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":411017,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17812.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":19657,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0433/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Black River Lake quadrangle, Eau Claire quadrangle, Hastings quadrangle, Stillwater quadrangle, Winona quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.646,\n 44.609\n ],\n [\n -91.646,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -90.286,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -90.286,\n 44.609\n ],\n [\n -91.646,\n 44.609\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689cfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22192,"text":"ofr98462 - 1998 - Sulfur dioxide emission rates of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, 1979-1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T19:57:40.450219","indexId":"ofr98462","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-462","title":"Sulfur dioxide emission rates of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, 1979-1997","docAbstract":"Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates from Kilauea Volcano were first measured by Stoiber and Malone (1975) and have been measured on a regular basis since 1979 (Casadevall and others, 1987; Greenland and others, 1985; Elias and others, 1993; Elias and Sutton, 1996). The purpose of this report is to present a compilation of Kilauea SO2 emission rate data from 1979 through 1997 with ancillary meteorological data (wind speed and wind direction). We have included measurements previously reported by Casadevall and others (1987) for completeness and to improve the usefulness of this current database compilation.
Kilauea releases SO2 gas predominantly from its summit caldera and rift zones (fig. 1). From 1979 through 1982, vehicle-based COSPEC measurements made within the summit caldera were adequate to quantify most of the SO2 emitted from the volcano. Beginning in 1983. the focus of SO2 release shifted from the summit to the east rift zone (ERZ) eruption site at Pu'u 'O'o and, later, Kupaianaha. Since 1984, the Kilauea gas measurement effort has been augmented with intermittent airborne and tripod-based surveys made near the ERZ eruption site. In addition, beginning in 1992 vehicle-based measurements have been made along a section of Chain of Craters Road approximately 9 km downwind of the eruption site. These several types of COSPEC measurements continue to the present.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98462","usgsCitation":"Elias, T., Sutton, A.J., Stokes, J.B., and Casadevall, T.J., 1998, Sulfur dioxide emission rates of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, 1979-1997 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-462, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98462.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":404284,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37215.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51628,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0462/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":156427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0462/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1530,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-462/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.317,\n 19.25\n ],\n [\n -155.125,\n 19.25\n ],\n [\n -155.125,\n 19.417\n ],\n [\n -155.317,\n 19.417\n ],\n [\n -155.317,\n 19.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6998df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elias, Tamar 0000-0002-9592-4518 telias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4518","contributorId":3916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Tamar","email":"telias@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutton, A. J. 0000-0003-1902-3977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-3977","contributorId":28983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stokes, J. B.","contributorId":19182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stokes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casadevall, T. J.","contributorId":96680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casadevall","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":21634,"text":"ofr98246 - 1998 - Biostratigraphy and physical stratigraphy of the USGS-Cannon Park core (CHN-800), Charleston County, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:55:30","indexId":"ofr98246","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-246","title":"Biostratigraphy and physical stratigraphy of the USGS-Cannon Park core (CHN-800), Charleston County, South Carolina","docAbstract":"No abstract avavilable.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98246","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Bybell, L.M., Conlon, K.J., Edwards, L.E., Frederiksen, N.O., Gohn, G., and Self-Trail, J., 1998, Biostratigraphy and physical stratigraphy of the USGS-Cannon Park core (CHN-800), Charleston County, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-246, 65 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98246.","productDescription":"65 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0246/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51191,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0246/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Charleston County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.20294189453125,\n 32.62318347873869\n ],\n [\n -79.69207763671875,\n 32.62318347873869\n ],\n [\n -79.69207763671875,\n 32.967195229355916\n ],\n [\n -80.20294189453125,\n 32.967195229355916\n ],\n [\n -80.20294189453125,\n 32.62318347873869\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a30e4b07f02db617016","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bybell, Laurel M. 0000-0002-4760-7542 lbybell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":1760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"Laurel","email":"lbybell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":184988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conlon, Kevin J. 0000-0003-0798-368X kjconlon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-368X","contributorId":2561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"Kevin","email":"kjconlon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":184990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":184987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frederiksen, N. O.","contributorId":78356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gohn, Gregory 0000-0003-2000-479X ggohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-479X","contributorId":219822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"Gregory","email":"ggohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":184989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":529061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":21917,"text":"ofr98205 - 1998 - Lithostratigraphy, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of western Collier County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T17:26:13.234544","indexId":"ofr98205","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T21:50:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-205","title":"Lithostratigraphy, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of western Collier County, Florida","docAbstract":"In 1996, seven cores were recovered in western Collier County, southwestern Florida, to acquire subsurface geologic and hydrologic data to support ground-water modeling efforts. This report presents the lithostratigraphy, X-ray diffraction analyses, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of these cores. \r\n\r\nThe oldest unit encountered in the study cores is an unnamed formation that is late Miocene. At least four depositional sequences are present within this formation. Calculated age of the formation, based on strontium-isotope stratigraphy, ranges from 9.5 to 5.7 Ma (million years ago). An unconformity within this formation that represents a hiatus of at least 2 million years is indicated in the Old Pump Road core. In two cores, Collier-Seminole and Old Pump Road, the uppermost sediments of the unnamed formation are not dated by strontium isotopes, and, based on the fossils present, these sediments could be as young as Pliocene. In another core (Fakahatchee Strand-Ranger Station), the upper part of the unnamed formation is dated by mollusks as Pliocene. The Tamiami Formation overlies the unnamed formation throughout the study area and is represented by the Ochopee Limestone Member. The unit is Pliocene and probably includes the interval of time near the early/late Pliocene boundary. Strontium-isotope analysis indicates an early Pliocene age (calculated ages range from 5.1 to 3.5 Ma), but the margin of error includes the latest Miocene and the late Pliocene. The dinocyst assemblages in the Ochopee typically are not age-diagnostic, but, near the base of the unit in the Collier-Seminole, Jones Grade, and Fakahatchee Strand State Forest cores, they indicate an age of late Miocene or Pliocene. The molluscan assemblages indicate a Pliocene age for the Ochopee, and a distinctive assemblage of Carditimera arata and Chione cortinaria in several of the cores specifically indicates an age near the early/late Pliocene boundary. \r\n\r\nUndifferentiated sands overlie the Pliocene limestones in two cores in the southern part of the study area. Artificial fill occurs at the top of most of the cores. \r\n\r\nThe hydrologic confining units penetrated by these cores are different in different parts of the study area. To the west, a hard tightly cemented dolostone forms the first major confining unit below the water table. In the eastern part of the study area, confinement is more difficult to determine. A tightly cemented sandstone, much younger than the dolostones to the west and probably not laterally connected to them, forms a slight confining unit in one core. Thick zones of poorly sorted muddy unconsolidated sands form a slight confining unit in other cores; these probably are not correlative to either the sandstone or the dolostones to the west. The age and sedimentologic observations suggest a complex compartmentalization of the surficial aquifer system in southwestern Florida. The calibrations of dinocyst and molluscan occurrences with strontium-isotope stratigraphy allows us to expand and document the reported ranges of many taxa. \r\n\r\n\r\nThis report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98205","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., Weedman, S., Simmons, K., Scott, T., Brewster-Wingard, G., Ishman, S., and Carlin, N., 1998, Lithostratigraphy, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of western Collier County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-205, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98205.","productDescription":"79 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0205/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51399,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0205/ofr98205.pdf","text":"Report","size":"893 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 98-205"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Collier County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.88110351562499,\n 25.06072125231416\n ],\n [\n -80.62042236328125,\n 25.06072125231416\n ],\n [\n -80.62042236328125,\n 26.27371402440643\n ],\n [\n -81.88110351562499,\n 26.27371402440643\n ],\n [\n -81.88110351562499,\n 25.06072125231416\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Paleocene vertebrate remains from the areas of Kingstree and St. Stephen, South Carolina, come from the Rhems and Williamsburg formations of the Black Mingo Group. Sedimentary textures and fossils indicate that both units accumulated in shallow, nearshore marine, lagoonal, and deltaic depositional environments. Calcareous nannofossils and dinoflagellates indicate that the vertebrate-bearing portions of the Williamsburg Formation near St. Stephen belong within calcareous nannoplankton Zones NP 3-5 (Lower Bridge Member) and within calcareous nannoplankton zones NP 8-9 (Chicora Member). Paleocene vertibrate remains from Kingstree probably all come from near the base of the Rhems Formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Philosopical Society","doi":"10.2307/1006668","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., and Bybell, L.M., 1998, Geology of the Black Mingo Group (Paleocene) in the Kingstree and St. Stephen areas of South Carolina: Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, v. 88, no. 4, p. 9-27, https://doi.org/10.2307/1006668.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"27","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386707,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Kingstree, St. Stephen","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.05531311035156,\n 33.43946348316134\n ],\n [\n -79.76417541503906,\n 33.43946348316134\n ],\n [\n -79.76417541503906,\n 33.696922692957685\n ],\n [\n -80.05531311035156,\n 33.696922692957685\n ],\n [\n -80.05531311035156,\n 33.43946348316134\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bybell, Laurel M. 0000-0002-4760-7542 lbybell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":1760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"Laurel","email":"lbybell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70181788,"text":"70181788 - 1998 - Loose-coupling a cellular automaton model and GIS: Long-term urban growth prediction for San Francisco and Washington/Baltimore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T11:29:04","indexId":"70181788","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2046,"text":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loose-coupling a cellular automaton model and GIS: Long-term urban growth prediction for San Francisco and Washington/Baltimore","docAbstract":"Prior research developed a cellular automaton model, that was calibrated by using historical digital maps of urban areas and can be used to predict the future extent of an urban area. The model has now been applied to two rapidly growing, but remarkably different urban areas: the San Francisco Bay region in California and the Washington/Baltimore corridor in the Eastern United States. This paper presents the calibration and prediction results for both regions, reviews their data requirements, compares the differences in the initial configurations and control parameters for the model in the two settings, and discusses the role of GIS in the applications. The model has generated some long term predictions that appear useful for urban planning and are consistent with results from other models and observations of growth. Although the GIS was only loosely coupled with the model, the model's provision of future urban patterns as data layers for GIS description and analysis is an important outcome of this type of calculation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/136588198241617","usgsCitation":"Clarke, K., and Gaydos, L., 1998, Loose-coupling a cellular automaton model and GIS: Long-term urban growth prediction for San Francisco and Washington/Baltimore: International Journal of Geographical Information Science, v. 12, no. 7, p. 699-714, https://doi.org/10.1080/136588198241617.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"714","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Maryland","city":"Baltimore, San Francisco, Washington D.C.","volume":"12","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a4253be4b0c825128ad47e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clarke, Keith","contributorId":13861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaydos, Leonard","contributorId":79888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaydos","given":"Leonard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1007899,"text":"1007899 - 1998 - Effects of climatic variation on field metabolism and water relations of desert tortoises","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-20T16:34:51.020656","indexId":"1007899","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of climatic variation on field metabolism and water relations of desert tortoises","docAbstract":"We used the doubly labeled water method to measure the field metabolic rates (FMRs, in kJ kg−1 day−1) and water flux rates (WIRs, in ml H2O kg−1 day−1) of adult desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) in three parts of the Mojave Desert in California over a 3.5-year period, in order to develop insights into the physiological responses of this threatened species to climate variation among sites and years. FMR, WIR, and the water economy index (WEI, in ml H2O kJ−1, an indicator of drinking of free water) differed extensively among seasons, among study sites, between sexes, and among years. In high-rainfall years, males had higher FMRs than females. Average daily rates of energy and water use by desert tortoises were extraordinarily variable: 28-fold differences in FMR and 237-fold differences in WIR were measured. Some of this variation was due to seasonal conditions, with rates being low during cold winter months and higher in the warm seasons. However, much of the variation was due to responses to year-to-year variation in rainfall. Annual spring peaks in FMR and WIR were higher in wet years than in drought years. Site differences in seasonal patterns were apparently due to geographic differences in rainfall patterns (more summer rain at eastern Mojave sites). In spring 1992, during an El Niño (ENSO) event, the WEI was greater than the maximal value obtainable from consuming succulent vegetation, indicating copious drinking of rainwater at that time. The physiological and behavioral flexibility of desert tortoises, evident in individuals living at all three study sites, appears central to their ability to survive droughts and benefit from periods of resource abundance. The strong effects of the El Niño (ENSO) weather pattern on tortoise physiology, reproduction, and survival elucidated in this and other studies suggest that local manifestations of global climate events could have a long-term influence on the tortoise populations in the Mojave Desert.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s004420050669","usgsCitation":"Henen, B., Peterson, C., Wallis, I., Berry, K., and Nagy, K., 1998, Effects of climatic variation on field metabolism and water relations of desert tortoises: Oecologia, v. 117, no. 3, p. 365-373, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050669.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"365","endPage":"373","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130164,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.10088794831762,\n 35.37550992939249\n ],\n [\n -116.10088794831762,\n 34.82612300362953\n ],\n [\n -114.79986279961601,\n 34.82612300362953\n ],\n [\n -114.79986279961601,\n 35.37550992939249\n ],\n [\n -116.10088794831762,\n 35.37550992939249\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"117","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2fe4b07f02db616178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henen, B.T.","contributorId":67457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henen","given":"B.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, C.C.","contributorId":24725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallis, I.R.","contributorId":80612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nagy, K.A.","contributorId":39727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagy","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70068731,"text":"70068731 - 1998 - Preliminary results from the investigation of the Pymatuning earthquake of September 25, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T10:00:04","indexId":"70068731","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T09:41:48","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3029,"text":"Pennsylvania Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary results from the investigation of the Pymatuning earthquake of September 25, 1998","docAbstract":"The Pymatuning earthquake occurred on Friday, September 25, 1998, at 19:52:52 Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), or 3:52:52 p.m. EDT, near Jamestown, Pa., at the southern end of the Pymatuning Reservoir, which straddles the Ohio-Pennsylvania border. The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) determined that the event had a magnitude of 5.2 mbLg (a magnitude scale used to measure the size of earthquakes that are regional distances away [100 to 1,000 km, or 60 to 600 mi]), an epicenter of 41.5°N latitude, 80.4°W longitude, and an estimated depth of 5 km (3 mi). One person was reported injured as a result of being thrown to the ground by the earthquake, and it caused minor damage to buildings and seriously disrupted many water wells in the GreenvilleJamestown, Pa., area. The earthquake was generally felt over an area of approximately 200,000 km2 (77,230 mi2) throughout northern Ohio, western Pennsylvania and New York, and much of southern Ontario, Canada (see map on back cover). It was also felt as far west as Illinois and Wisconsin, as far east as New Jersey, Connecticut, and the District of Columbia, and as far south as Kentucky and Virginia. During the aftershock field investigation that commenced within 12 hours of the main shock, a World Wide Web site, <http://groundmotion.cr.usgs.gov/pym/pym.htm>, was established from the field headquarters. The web site was used not only to transmit investigation results to the world in near real time but also to receive information from the local community as new earthquake effects were reported. As of March 1999, at least 11 aftershocks have occurred, the largest being a magnitude 2.3.
\nThe largest recent previous earthquake in the region was the northeastern Ohio (Leroy) earthquake of magnitude 5.0 that occurred on January 31, 1986, about 65 km (40 mi) west-northwest of the Pymatuning shock. This event was also felt by many of those who felt the Pymatuning earthquake. Similar to most of the seismicity east of the Rocky Mountains, earthquakes in the region are probably shallow (5 to 10 km, or 3 to 6 mi), and Seeber and Armbruster (1993) hypothesized that the earthquakes occurred along preexisting zones of weakness in Precambrian rocks. Wegweiser and others (1998) suggested that seismicity in northwestern Pennsylvania may be associated with the northwest-trending “cross-strike discontinuities” that are recognized in Paleozoic rocks and may represent reactivation of faults in the Precambrian basement. Using structure-contour maps constructed on the tops of lower Paleozoic strata, Alexandrowicz and Cole (1999) found evidence of preexisting northwest-striking faults in the epicentral region of the Pymatuning shock. The Harvard focal mechanism for the Pymatuning earthquake (a method used to infer the slip and orientation of the fault that generated an earthquake) indicates thrust faulting on a northwest striking plane, which is consistent with the regional northeast-southwest compressive stress regime observed in the area. Seeber and Armbruster (1993) plotted three prior earthquakes in the epicentral area having magnitudes greater than 3; two were instrumentally located near the Pymatuning earthquake, and the third event occurred 20 to 30 km (12 to 19 mi) to the northeast in 1852 (Figure 1).
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pennsylvania Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Pennsylvania Topographic and Geologic Survey","usgsCitation":"Armbruster, J., Barton, H., Bodin, P., Buckwalter, T., Cox, J., Cranswick, E., Dewey, J., Fleeger, G., Hopper, M., Horton, S., Hoskins, D., Kilb, D., Meremonte, M., Metzger, A., Risser, D., Seeber, L., Shedlock, K., Stanley, K., Withers, M., and Zirbes, M., 1998, Preliminary results from the investigation of the Pymatuning earthquake of September 25, 1998: Pennsylvania Geology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 2-14.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280840,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/publications/pageolonline/Geology-Volumes22to31/index.htm"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Connecticut;District of Columbia;Illinois;Kentucky;New Jersey;New York;Ohio;Pennsylvania;Wisconsin;Virginia","city":"Greenville;Jamestown","otherGeospatial":"Ontario;Pymatuning Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.3,39.54 ], [ -87.3,45.48 ], [ -74.97,45.48 ], [ -74.97,39.54 ], [ -87.3,39.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6dbce4b0b29085105560","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armbruster, John","contributorId":96996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, Henry","contributorId":65759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodin, Paul","contributorId":104142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodin","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckwalter, Theodore","contributorId":77040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckwalter","given":"Theodore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cox, Jon","contributorId":86256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Jon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cranswick, Edward","contributorId":15611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cranswick","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dewey, James","contributorId":35621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fleeger, Gary","contributorId":57761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleeger","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hopper, Margaret","contributorId":104805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Horton, Stephen","contributorId":99882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hoskins, Donald","contributorId":105219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoskins","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kilb, Deborah","contributorId":76220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilb","given":"Deborah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Meremonte, Mark","contributorId":56968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meremonte","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Metzger, Ann","contributorId":14293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Risser, Dennis","contributorId":19466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Seeber, Leonardo","contributorId":81133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seeber","given":"Leonardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Shedlock, Kaye","contributorId":62256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"Kaye","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Stanley, Katherine","contributorId":106792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Withers, Mitchell","contributorId":29730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Withers","given":"Mitchell","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Zirbes, Madeleine","contributorId":42221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zirbes","given":"Madeleine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70020472,"text":"70020472 - 1998 - Remagnetization of Cretaceous forearc strata on Santa Margarita and Magdalena Islands, Baja California Sur: Implications for northward transport along the California margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-05T22:06:13.902558","indexId":"70020472","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remagnetization of Cretaceous forearc strata on Santa Margarita and Magdalena Islands, Baja California Sur: Implications for northward transport along the California margin","docAbstract":"Paleomagnetic data for two sections of Cretaceous forearc strata with different structural attitudes on Santa Margarita and Magdalena Islands in Baja California Sur, Mexico, indicate that these rocks have been remagnetized, probably during the late Cenozoic. The in situ paleomagnetic directions, however, are similar to data from other Cretaceous rocks on peninsular California with unexpectedly shallow inclinations and easterly declinations. These data have been interpreted as indicating either northward tectonic transport (10°–15° of latitude) and clockwise rotation (>20°) or compaction shallowing of magnetic inclinations in sedimentary rocks combined with southwestward tilting of plutonic rocks. The available paleomagnetic data for Cretaceous forearc strata in southern and Baja California can be divided into three groups: (1) sections with normal-polarity magnetizations that fail fold tests and are remagnetized, (2) sections with normal-polarity magnetizations with no or inconclusive fold tests that may or may not be remagnetized, and (3) sections with both normal-and reversed-polarity intervals where pervasive remagnetization has not occurred. Other rocks of the Mesozoic Great Valley Group, Coast Range ophiolite, and Franciscan Complex in California also have secondary magnetizations with directions similar to younger geomagnetic field directions. Although these widespread remagnetizations could have variable local causes, we propose regional burial and uplift, related to changes in subduction parameters, as a possible explanation. Two episodes of remagnetization are apparent: one in the Late Cretaceous and a second in the late Cenozoic. On the other hand, the unremagnetized and apparently reliable data from sedimentary and plutonic rocks on the Baja Peninsula consistently indicate northward translation (14° ± 3°) and clockwise rotation (29° ± 8°) with respect to North America since the Late Cretaceous.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/1998TC900009","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Hagstrum, J.T., and Sedlock, R., 1998, Remagnetization of Cretaceous forearc strata on Santa Margarita and Magdalena Islands, Baja California Sur: Implications for northward transport along the California margin: Tectonics, v. 17, no. 6, p. 872-882, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998TC900009.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"872","endPage":"882","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495368,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/1998tc900009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231183,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Baja California Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.70185940622781,\n 33.151290779398266\n ],\n [\n -115.59664160892235,\n 27.780197101230065\n ],\n [\n -112.17325709258446,\n 23.15499868582843\n ],\n [\n -108.68162498599224,\n 22.209168374197077\n ],\n [\n -113.35496268896472,\n 32.47978663924344\n ],\n [\n -117.70185940622781,\n 33.151290779398266\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6bfe4b0c8380cd8501e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagstrum, Jonathan T. 0000-0002-0689-280X jhag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-280X","contributorId":3474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagstrum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedlock, R.L.","contributorId":76902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedlock","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020290,"text":"70020290 - 1998 - Downstream effects of dams on channel geometry and bottomland vegetation: Regional patterns in the Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-27T15:33:34.148659","indexId":"70020290","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Downstream effects of dams on channel geometry and bottomland vegetation: Regional patterns in the Great Plains","docAbstract":"The response of rivers and riparian forests to upstream dams shows a regional pattern related to physiographic and climatic factors that influence channel geometry. We carried out a spatial analysis of the response of channel geometry to 35 dams in the Great Plains and Central Lowlands, USA. The principal response of a braided channel to an upstream dam is channel-narrowing, and the principal response of a meandering channel is a reduction in channel migration rate. Prior to water management, braided channels were most common in the southwestern Plains where sand is abundant, whereas meandering channels were most common in the northern and eastern Plains. The dominant response to upstream dams has been channel-narrowing in the southwestern Plains (e.g., six of nine cases in the High Plains) and reduction in migration rate in the north and east (e.g., all of twelve cases in the Missouri Plateau and Western Lake Regions). Channel-narrowing is associated with a burst of establishment of native and exotic woody riparian pioneer species on the former channel bed. In contrast, reduction in channel migration rate is associated with a decrease in reproduction of woody riparian pioneers. Thus, riparian pioneer forests along large rivers in the southwestern Plains have temporarily increased following dam construction while such forests in the north and east have decreased. These patterns explain apparent contradictions in conclusions of studies that focused on single rivers or small regions and provide a framework for predicting effects of dams on large rivers in the Great Plains and elsewhere. These conclusions are valid only for large rivers. A spatial analysis of channel width along 286 streams ranging in mean annual discharge from 0.004 to 1370 cubic meters per second did not produce the same clear regional pattern, in part because the channel geometries of small and large streams are affected differently by a sandy watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/BF03161677","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Friedman, J.M., Osterkamp, W.R., Scott, M.L., and Auble, G., 1998, Downstream effects of dams on channel geometry and bottomland vegetation: Regional patterns in the Great Plains: Wetlands, v. 18, no. 4, p. 619-633, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161677.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"619","endPage":"633","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.06616343641757,\n 48.89359348469233\n ],\n [\n -111.18652854198197,\n 46.27965937459229\n ],\n [\n -107.32482033745447,\n 43.209970546250005\n ],\n [\n -107.27294439634012,\n 32.783208267671114\n ],\n [\n -99.97352415581172,\n 32.07495183925195\n ],\n [\n -92.63289734978265,\n 37.60886972746303\n ],\n [\n -93.00340274975518,\n 48.359613064726204\n ],\n [\n -113.06616343641757,\n 48.89359348469233\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03b6e4b0c8380cd5060f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":44495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osterkamp, W. R.","contributorId":46044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterkamp","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, M. L.","contributorId":75090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"M.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Auble, G.T.","contributorId":19505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":30215,"text":"wri974116 - 1998 - Ground water resources of the Mille Lacs Lake area, east-central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T12:28:00","indexId":"wri974116","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4116","title":"Ground water resources of the Mille Lacs Lake area, east-central Minnesota","docAbstract":"The Mille Lacs Lake study area is a 960 mi2 area containing the ground-water and surface-water drainages to both Mille Lacs Lake and the first 12 miles of the Rum River. Within this study area, available ground water occurs in saturated, overlapping, discontinuous, partially-connected, glacially-deposited (hereinafter, glacial) aquifers and in bedrock aquifers. No extensive glacial aquifer could be delineated. Surficial aquifers generally are less than 30 feet thick, but may exceed 78 feet. Lake Onamia is hydraulically connected with surficial aquifers on its north and south sides. Ground water enters Lake Onamia from an adjacent surficial aquifer with a hydraulic head of 1.56 feet near its eastern shore.
\nGlacial aquifers buried beneath till form the uppermost confined (hereinafter, buried) aquifers and generally are from 3 to 15 feet thick, but may be as much as 118 feet thick. These buried aquifers generally occur beneath 10 to 60 feet of till and clay, but it may be as thick as 208 feet. Individual aquifers can be partially buried by till and therefore may contain surficial and buried areas. Most buried aquifers are isolated or only partially connected to other aquifers. Recharge water moves horizontally and vertically through other aquifers and through confining units to reach these buried aquifers. Discharge from these aquifers is through well withdrawals, flow to surface-water bodies, and leakage to other aquifers. Buried aquifers may yield as much as 500 gallons per minute in some locations. In most areas, the specific capacity of these aquifers is less than 1 gallon per minute per foot but may reach 41.6 gallons per minute per foot.
\nGround water from all aquifers is of the calcium magnesium bicarbonate type. Iron, manganese, and sodium in this ground water frequently exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water standards and health advisories. The sodium health advisory was exceeded in 15 percent of samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri974116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians","usgsCitation":"Trotta, L.C., and Cowdery, T., 1998, Ground water resources of the Mille Lacs Lake area, east-central Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4116, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974116.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4116/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59001,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4116/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Mille Lacs Lake area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94,\n 45.95\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 46.45\n ],\n [\n -93.4,\n 46.45\n ],\n [\n -93.4,\n 45.95\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 45.95\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d6e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trotta, L. C.","contributorId":63410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trotta","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":202872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cowdery, T.K.","contributorId":92658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowdery","given":"T.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22042,"text":"ofr98210 - 1998 - Preliminary lithostratigraphy, interpreted geophysical logs and hydrogeologic characteristics of the 98th Street core hole, Albuquerque, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T10:24:02","indexId":"ofr98210","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-210","title":"Preliminary lithostratigraphy, interpreted geophysical logs and hydrogeologic characteristics of the 98th Street core hole, Albuquerque, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Core samples, cuttings, and numerous geophysical logs obtained from the 1560 ft (475.5 m) core hole drilled at 98th Street on the west side of Albuquerque provide key stratigraphic and hydraulicproperty information for the upper clastic sediments of the Santa Fe Group, which form the principal aquifer in the region. The core hole and an adjacent water-level monitoring well were drilled cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the City of Albuquerque and investigated in collaboration with the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources and the New Mexico Office of the State Engineer to improve understanding of aquifer characteristics and controls on ground-water availability and quality. The 751.5 ft (229 m) of core samples recovered from the core hole are the only undisturbed samples of nonlithified sediments of the upper part of the Santa Fe Group that have been collected in this area. These samples have allowed us, for the first time, to directly observe and characterize the lithic and sedimentologic features of this part of the section, and to correlate the detailed geologic features with geophysical-log characteristics, magnetic susceptibility measurements, hydraulic variables, and trace-element geochemistry. The adjacent well was designed to be an areally representative ground-water level and water-quality monitoring well for the Santa Fe Group aquifer. This report chiefly addresses the lithologic, stratigraphic, and hydrogeologic features determined from the 98th Street core hole; other reports address related characteristics.
Previous geologic studies predicted the stratigraphy at the site to be, from the land surface downward: 1) Quaternary alluvial and eolian valley-border sediments; 2) fluvial sand and gravel of the upper unit of the Santa Fe Group (Ceja Member of the Santa Fe Formation of Kelly, 1978; equivalent to the Sierra Ledrones Formation of Machette (1978a); 3) downward-fining basin-floor silty clay deposits and 4) fluvial sandy and silty facies of the middle unit of the Santa Fe Group (the Middle Red Member of Bryan and McCann, 1937, and Lambert, 1968). New geologic interpretations indicate that the drill site is in a fault block bounded by east-dipping normal faults and the oblique Atrisco-Rincon fault zone.
Core-hole sampling recovered 760.6 ft (231.8 m) of core, in core segments 2.1-2.375 in. (5.3-6 cm) in diameter, and 0.2-10 ft (6.1 cm-3 m) long. The core hole was cased with centered 3-in. PVC casing, and is available for geophysical logging. The monitoring-well hole contains four piezometers at depths of 1544 ft (470.6 m), 1112 ft (338.9 m), 749 ft (228.3 m), and 458 ft (139.6 m).
Sediments in the core are loose to weakly cemented gravel, sand, silt, and clay, and lithified sandstone. Laboratory analyses of particle-size distributions of 28 channel samples show that most silty sand samples are uniformly graded and poorly sorted; medium sand samples are moderately sorted. Six principal sediment types are used to describe the core; these sediment types are repeated in various combinations throughout the core and are used to define 22 lithologic units in the cored interval. The six principal sediment types contain sequences of beds having similar modal grain size and sedimentary structure, and are listed in decreasing abundance:
1) Silty fine sand, poorly sorted, containing a coarse silt matrix. Geophysical logs show highly variable baselines with deflections that are related to clay beds and sequences of silt, clay, and sorted fine sand. Density values of 2.12-2.25 g/cc and porosity values of 30-35 percent are typical.
2) Medium sand, moderately to poorly sorted. Geophysical logs show baselines of low variability with deflections that are related to clay beds and sequences of silt, clay, and sorted fine sand. Density values of 2.05-2.20 g/cc and porosity values of 30-35 percent are typical.
3) Clayey sandy silt, poorly sorted, locally microlaminated clay and silt, generally nonplastic. Geophysical logs show highly variable baselines with deflections that are related to sequences of clay and fine sand. Density values of 2.1-2.2 g/cc and porosity values of 30-40 percent are typical.
4) Silt and clay, characteristically red to reddish brown and medium to high plasticity, massive to indistinctly microlaminated. Geophysical logs show variable baselines with broad, high-amplitude compound spikes that are related to sequences of silt and fine sand. Density values of 2.12-2.25 g/cc and porosity values of >45 percent are typical.
5) Sand and gravel, poorly sorted. Geophysical logs show variable baselines with deflections that are related to sequences of silty and sorted fine sand.
6) Sandstone, fine-to-medium grained, poorly sorted, cemented chiefly by calcite, which fills the original pore space. Geophysical logs show density values >2.25 g/cc and porosity values <30 percent.
The 22 lithologic units are correlated with recognized basin-floor fluvial lithofacies (Hawley, 1996), which include sand and gravel (lithofacies I), sand with lenses of pebbly sand, silt, and silty clay (lithofacies II), and interbedded sand, silt, and silty clay (modified lithofacies III, IV, IX).
The sediments in the core hole are correlated with three informal lithostratigraphic units. The top unit, 0-19 ft (0-5.8 m) depth, consists of Quaternary eolian sand and valley-border alluvium. Coarsegrained deposits in the 19-97 ft (5.8-29.6 m) interval are correlated with the upper unit of the Santa Fe Group. The fine-grained section in the 97-787 ft (29.6-239.9 m) interval is correlated tentatively with the middle unit of the Santa Fe Group. This section contains thick sequences of laminated red and olivebrown clay and silt overbank deposits (441-787 ft) in the distinctive Atrisco member of Connell and others (1998). The Atrisco is correlated with fine-grained zones in numerous wells throughout the central Albuquerque metropolitan area, and is recognized as a zone that separates the upper Santa Fe aquifer from underlying middle Santa Fe deposits. The lower section of the middle unit of the Santa Fe, 787-1500 ft (239.9-457.2 m) depth, includes an upper sequence of moderately sorted channel-fill medium sand, and a lower sequence of sand, silt, and clay overbank deposits. The age of the cored interval is not known precisely. The upper Santa Fe gravel is related regionally to a through-flowing river system that was established in the Rio Grande rift valleys in Early Pliocene time, >4.5 MA. The middle Santa Fe unit is dated tentatively by correlation with a fossiliferous section, in which sandy beds that directly underlie the upper Santa Fe are Late Miocene (Hemphellian), 4.6- 8.9 MA. Further, the middle Santa Fe unit, with dominantly normal magnetic polarity, may have been deposited during closely spaced normal magnetic chrons 5.9-8.3 Ma.
Four hydrostratigraphic units summarize the hydrogeologic framework for the 98th Street site: 1) Quaternary valley-border deposits, 2) upper Santa Fe sand and gravel deposits, 3) middle Santa Fe overbank deposits, and 4) middle Santa Fe channel-sand deposits. Empirical values of horizontal hydraulic conductivity estimated from core samples reveal a previously unknown contrast in hydraulic conductivity in the lowest two hydrostratigraphic units. Correlations among numerous wells show that the distinctively fine-grained Atrisco member, with estimated hydraulic conductivities (K) of <0.02-17 ft/day, is a laterally extensive barrier to vertical ground-water flow. The underlying unit that contains moderately sorted medium sand is a potential aquifer production zone that should be investigated further.
Laboratory determination of vertical hydraulic conductivity values for fine-grained core samples range from 10-2 to 10-7 ft/day; recompacted sandy samples have K values of 1 to 10-2 ft/day. Results of tests conducted with increasing effective stress show that K values of all samples decrease with decreasing porosity. Comparison of K values from laboratory, empirical, and calculated geophysical values shows discrepancies of 1-3 orders of magnitude (ft/day), indicating that additional analyses of core samples and geophysical data are necessary for future characterization of the Santa Fe Group aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98210","usgsCitation":"Stone, B.D., Allen, B.D., Mikolas, M., Haneberg, W.C., Hawley, J.W., Johnson, P.S., Alfred, B., and Thorn, C.R., 1998, Preliminary lithostratigraphy, interpreted geophysical logs and hydrogeologic characteristics of the 98th Street core hole, Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-210, iv, 82 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98210.","productDescription":"iv, 82 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0210/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51502,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0210/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Albuquerque","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.875,\n 34.99850370014629\n ],\n [\n -106.61407470703125,\n 34.99850370014629\n ],\n [\n -106.61407470703125,\n 35.252348097623354\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 35.252348097623354\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 34.99850370014629\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Byron D. 0000-0001-6092-0798 bdstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":1702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Byron","email":"bdstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Bruce D.","contributorId":70568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mikolas, Marlo","contributorId":97522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikolas","given":"Marlo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haneberg, William C.","contributorId":57121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haneberg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hawley, John W.","contributorId":195787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawley","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Peggy S.","contributorId":85689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alfred, Barry","contributorId":57482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alfred","given":"Barry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thorn, Conde R.","contributorId":88397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"Conde","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":22047,"text":"ofr98122 - 1998 - Preliminary paleontologic report on core 37 from Pass Key, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:55:48","indexId":"ofr98122","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-122","title":"Preliminary paleontologic report on core 37 from Pass Key, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay","docAbstract":"Sediments from Pass Key core 37, in eastern Florida Bay (N 25.1478, W 80.5745) record a history of rapid sedimentation during this century. The lowest portion of the core contains benthic fauna indicative of relatively low salinities and sparse seagrass coverage. This period is followed by an increase in salinity and seagrass. In the middle portion of the core, a slight decrease in salinity and an increase in seagrass occur. These shifts in the benthic fauna correspond to a period when the terrestrial flora change, and an increase in dinocyst absolute abundance occurs, indicating changes in factors affecting the entire South Florida ecosystem. These changes may represent a period of increased terrestrial flushing, due to rainfall, water management practices or a combination of both. The benthic faunas in the upper portion of the core indicate an increase in salinity and seagrass density. This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98122","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Brewster-Wingard, G., Ishman, S., Waibel, N., Willard, D.A., Edwards, L.E., and Holmes, C.W., 1998, Preliminary paleontologic report on core 37 from Pass Key, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-122, i, 22 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98122.","productDescription":"i, 22 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1211,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pdf/of/ofr98122.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida ","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.48834228515625,\n 25.100523057465217\n ],\n [\n -80.518798828125,\n 25.100523057465217\n ],\n [\n -80.518798828125,\n 25.841921351954845\n ],\n [\n -81.48834228515625,\n 25.841921351954845\n ],\n [\n -81.48834228515625,\n 25.100523057465217\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660a2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewster-Wingard, G. L.","contributorId":102508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewster-Wingard","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ishman, S. E.","contributorId":20346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishman","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waibel, N.J.","contributorId":62626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waibel","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942 dwillard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":2076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra","email":"dwillard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":36076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":32040,"text":"ofr97851 - 1998 - Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Gallatin and Madison Counties, Montana","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":32040,"text":"ofr97851 - 1998 - Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Gallatin and Madison Counties, Montana","indexId":"ofr97851","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Gallatin and Madison Counties, Montana"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":66263,"text":"i2690 - 2000 - Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Madison and Gallatin Counties, Montana, and Park County, Wyoming","indexId":"i2690","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Madison and Gallatin Counties, Montana, and Park County, Wyoming"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":66263,"text":"i2690 - 2000 - Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Madison and Gallatin Counties, Montana, and Park County, Wyoming","indexId":"i2690","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Madison and Gallatin Counties, Montana, and Park County, Wyoming"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-28T19:09:37.384998","indexId":"ofr97851","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-851","title":"Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Gallatin and Madison Counties, Montana","docAbstract":"The Ennis 1:100,000 quadrangle lies within both the Laramide (Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary) foreland province of southwestern Montana and the northeastern margin of the middle to late Tertiary Basin and Range province. \r\nThe oldest rocks in the quadrangle are Archean high-grade gneiss, and granitic to ultramafic intrusive rocks that are as old as about 3.0 Ga. The gneiss includes a supracrustal assemblage of quartz-feldspar gneiss, amphibolite, quartzite, and biotite schist and gneiss. The basement rocks are overlain by a platform sequence of sedimentary rocks as old as Cambrian Flathead Quartzite and as young as Upper Cretaceous Livingston Group sandstones, shales, and volcanic rocks. \r\n\r\nThe Archean crystalline rocks crop out in the cores of large basement uplifts, most notably the 'Madison-Gravelly arch' that includes parts of the present Tobacco Root Mountains and the Gravelly, Madison, and Gallatin Ranges. These basement uplifts or blocks were thrust westward during the Laramide orogeny over rocks as young as Upper Cretaceous. The thrusts are now exposed in the quadrangle along the western flanks of the Gravelly and Madison Ranges (the Greenhorn thrust and the Hilgard fault system, respectively). Simultaneous with the west-directed thrusting, northwest-striking, northeast-side-up reverse faults formed a parallel set across southwestern Montana; the largest of these is the Spanish Peaks fault, which cuts prominently across the Ennis quadrangle. \r\n\r\nBeginning in late Eocene time, extensive volcanism of the Absorka Volcanic Supergroup covered large parts of the area; large remnants of the volcanic field remain in the eastern part of the quadrangle. The volcanism was concurrent with, and followed by, middle Tertiary extension. During this time, the axial zone of the 'Madison-Gravelly arch,' a large Laramide uplift, collapsed, forming the Madison Valley, structurally a complex down-to-the-east half graben. Basin deposits as thick as 4,500 m filled the graben. \r\n\r\nPleistocene glaciers sculpted the high peaks of the mountain ranges and formed the present rugged topography.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97851","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, K., and Williams, V., 1998, Geologic map of the Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle, Gallatin and Madison Counties, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-851, 1 Plate: 44.81 x 35.93 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97851.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 44.81 x 35.93 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161462,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3330,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/ofr-97-0851/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":109005,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18865.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18865"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Gallatin County, Madison County","otherGeospatial":"Ennis 30' x 60' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 45.5\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 45.5\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 45\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698928","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Karl S.","contributorId":89896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Karl S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Van S.","contributorId":38583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Van S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21910,"text":"ofr98132 - 1998 - The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T11:47:26","indexId":"ofr98132","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-132","title":"The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92","docAbstract":"Owens Lake, located at the eastern base of the central Sierra Nevada (Fig. 1), was the terminus of the Owens River prior to the lake's complete desiccation shortly after 1913 due to river diversion by the City of Los Angeles. During earlier wetter cycles, the lake overflowed to fill a series of downstream basins including China Lake Basin, Searles Valley, Panamint Valley, and ultimately, Death Valley (Smith and Street-Perrott, 1983). In 1992 the U.S. Geological Survey drilled a 323-m-deep core (OL-92) into Owens Lake sediments near the depocenter of the basin to obtain a continuous record of silty-clay sediment spanning the last 800,000 yrs. A multi-parameter reconnaissance study of the entire core (ca 7000-yr resolution), was reported in a 13-chapter summary volume (Smith and Bischoff, 1997). A document containing the numerical and other detailed forms of raw data collected by that volume's authors was prepared earlier (Smith and Bischoff, 1993). The reconnaissance study provided an approximate time-depth model for the entire core, based on radiocarbon dates from the top 31m, the Bishop Ash (759,000 yrs) at 304 m, ten within-Brunhes paleomagnetic excursions, and a compaction-corrected mass-accumulation rate of 51.4 g/cm/l000yr (Bischoff et al., 1997a). Application of this model to observed sediment parameters indicates that Owens Lake was saline, alkaline, and biologically productive at times of decreased water-flow, and was generally hydrologically flushed and relatively unproductive during times of increased water-flow. Grain size, abundance of CaCO3, organic carbon, clay mineralogy, cation-exchange capacity of the clay fraction, fossil pollen, fish, ostracodes, and diatoms (see summary by Smith et al., 1997) all show cyclic variation down the core. CaCO3 abundance, in particular, strongly reflects an approximately 100 ka dominant cycle, characteristic of global ice-volume indicated by the MIS δ18O record. Four of the last five marine isotope terminations are clearly shown in the OL-92 record.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98132","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"1998, The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-132, 186 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98132.","productDescription":"186 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":51394,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0132/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Owens Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64b08d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":726167,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24421,"text":"ofr98216 - 1998 - Characteristics of discrete and basin-centered parts of the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation, Appalachian basin: Preliminary results from a data set of 25 oil and gas fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-16T23:20:44.748771","indexId":"ofr98216","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-216","title":"Characteristics of discrete and basin-centered parts of the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation, Appalachian basin: Preliminary results from a data set of 25 oil and gas fields","docAbstract":"Oil and gas trapped in Lower Silurian \"Clinton\" sands and Medina Group sandstone constitute a regional hydrocarbon accumulation that extends 425 mi in length from Ontario, Canada to northeastern Kentucky. The 125-mi width of the accumulation extends from central Ohio eastward to western Pennsylvania and west-central New York. Lenticular and intertonguing reservoirs, a gradual eastward decrease in reservoir porosity and permeability, and poorly segregated gas, oil, and water in the reservoirs make it very difficult to recognize clear-cut geologic- and production-based subdivisions in the accumulation that are relevant to resource assessment. However, subtle variations are recognizable that permit the regional accumulation to be subdivided into three tentative parts: a western gas-bearing part having more or less discrete fields; an eastern gas-bearing part having many characteristics of a basin-centered accumulation; and a central oil- and gas-bearing part with \"hybrid\" fields that share characteristics of both discrete and basin-centered accumulation. A data set of 25 oil and gas fields is used in the report to compare selected attributes of the three parts of the regional accumulation. A fourth part of the regional accumulation, not discussed here, is an eastern extension of basin-centered accumulation having local commercial gas in the Tuscarora Sandstone, a proximal facies of the Lower Silurian depositional system.
A basin-centered gas accumulation is a regionally extensive and commonly very thick zone of gas saturation that occurs in low-permeability rocks in the central, deeper part of a sedimentary basin. Another commonly used term for this type of accumulation is deep-basin gas accumulation. Basin-centered accumulation is a variety of continuous-type accumulation. The \"Clinton\" sands and Medina Group sandstone part of the basin-centered gas accumulation is characterized by: a) reservoir porosity ranging from about 5 to 10 percent; b) reservoir permeability equal to or less than 0.1 mD; c) low reservoir water saturation and an average water yield per well less than about 9 to 13 BW/MMCFG; d) a broadly defined updip water-block trap; e) underpressured reservoirs with a gradient ranging from 0.25 to 0.35 psi/ft; and f) reservoir temperature of at least 125° F (52° C).
Other than for historical and location purposes, the term field has little or no meaning as an assessment unit for the regional accumulation. In practice, each designated field represents a production sweet spot having relatively high EURs per well that in turn merges with surrounding gas-productive regions that are generally larger in area but have lower EURs per well. This important feature of the Lower Silurian regional accumulation, whereby most wells drilled into it are gas productive, must be considered when assessing its potential for remaining recoverable gas resources. Most of the remaining gas resources reside in \"Clinton\" sands and Medina Group sandstone in the basin-centered part of the accumulation where as much as several tens of TCF of natural gas may be technically recoverable. The Tuscarora Sandstone in the eastern extension of the basin-centered part of the accumulation underlies a very large area and, although commonly characterized by very low porosity and permeability and low-Btu gas, probably contains additional gas resources. Remaining undiscovered recoverable gas and oil resources in the discrete and hybrid parts of the accumulation are primarily located beneath Lake Erie.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98216","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ryder, R., 1998, Characteristics of discrete and basin-centered parts of the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation, Appalachian basin: Preliminary results from a data set of 25 oil and gas fields: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-216, iv, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98216.","productDescription":"iv, 71 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393036,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19430.htm"},{"id":53500,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0216/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":9134,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0216/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Maryland, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.353515625,\n 38.28993659801203\n ],\n [\n -78.1787109375,\n 38.28993659801203\n ],\n [\n -78.1787109375,\n 43.16512263158296\n ],\n [\n -82.353515625,\n 43.16512263158296\n ],\n [\n -82.353515625,\n 38.28993659801203\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e50fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryder, Robert T.","contributorId":77918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Robert T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38249,"text":"pp1409A - 1998 - Aquifer systems in the Great Basin region of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states; summary report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T19:19:39","indexId":"pp1409A","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1409","chapter":"A","title":"Aquifer systems in the Great Basin region of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states; summary report","docAbstract":"Findings of the Great Basin Regional Aquifer System Analysis (RASA) are summarized. The Great Basin RASA study encompasses an area of about 140,000 square miles. Regional hydrology and ground-water hydrology of the area are described. Five models of basin-fill aquifers, a ground-water flow model of the Fish Springs system, and a regional ground-water flow model of the carbonate-rock province (eastern Nevada and western Utah) are presented and discussed.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1409A","usgsCitation":"Harrill, J., and Prudic, D.E., 1998, Aquifer systems in the Great Basin region of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states; summary report: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1409, p. A1-A66, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1409A.","productDescription":"p. A1-A66","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":64626,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1409a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1409a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679f70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrill, J. R.","contributorId":10417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrill","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prudic, David E. deprudic@usgs.gov","contributorId":3430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prudic","given":"David","email":"deprudic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70128629,"text":"70128629 - 1998 - Environmental impacts on the southern Florida coastal waters: A history of change in Florida Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-01T10:22:23","indexId":"70128629","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-10T11:49:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental impacts on the southern Florida coastal waters: A history of change in Florida Bay","docAbstract":"Analyses of four cores located in the northern transitional, eastern, and central portions of Florida Bay reveal historical patterns of change in salinity and seagrass distribution. Salinity and the distribution of seagrass beds are two critical issues for the restoration of Florida Bay. The distribution of benthic fauna in Bob Allen 6A and Russell Bank 19B cores illustrates changes in environmental parameters prior to 1900. Natural fluctuations occur in salinity, but the amplitude of those fluctuations was limited to a 15–20% shift about the mean. Subtle changes occur in the benthic fauna around 1910, but beginning around 1940, the pattern of salinity fluctuation departs substantially from the pre-1900 pattern. Post-1940, the salinity oscillates 40–60% about the mean. This pattern is seen in all indicators measured. Around 1970, a significant but short term decline occurred in salinity. The Taylor Creek T24 core from the northern transitional zone reflects changes in freshwater flow that have occurred during this century. The upper portion of the core records a significant increase in salinity, with a slight decrease occurring in recent years. The Pass Key 37 core represents an area of very high sedimentation rates; an increase in salinity occurs in the upper portion of the core. Natural fluctuations in seagrass distribution are inferred from the shifts in relative abundance of epiphytal species preserved in the cores. All four cores show an increase in epiphytes and therefore in seagrass coverage during this century. An increase also occurs in epiphytal species that can dwell on either Thalassia or macro-algal mats associated with Thalassia beds. These data suggest an increase in algal-mats has occurred during this century. The Bob Allen 6A core records an extensive period during the 1800's of little to no vegetative cover of the substrate based on the near absence of epiphytic species in that segment of the core. Following this period, the epiphytal species increase rapidly in abundance, implying that vegetation may have the ability to disseminate rapidly.","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","usgsCitation":"Wingard, G.L., Ishman, S., and Holmes, C.W., 1998, Environmental impacts on the southern Florida coastal waters: A history of change in Florida Bay: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 26, p. 162-172.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"162","endPage":"172","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295214,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25736133"},{"id":295215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.38671875,\n 24.70691524106633\n ],\n [\n -80.35400390625,\n 24.70691524106633\n ],\n [\n -80.35400390625,\n 25.363882272740256\n ],\n [\n -81.38671875,\n 25.363882272740256\n ],\n [\n -81.38671875,\n 24.70691524106633\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5438f51ce4b0c47db4296be0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ishman, S. E.","contributorId":55757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishman","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":56576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":67181,"text":"i1970B - 1998 - Map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains: Northern Great Lake states and central Mississippi Valley states, the Great Lakes, and southern Ontario (80°31ʹ to 93° west longitude)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-13T21:57:56.104066","indexId":"i1970B","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1970","chapter":"B","title":"Map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains: Northern Great Lake states and central Mississippi Valley states, the Great Lakes, and southern Ontario (80°31ʹ to 93° west longitude)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1970B","isbn":"0607903996","usgsCitation":"Soller, D.R., 1998, Map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains: Northern Great Lake states and central Mississippi Valley states, the Great Lakes, and southern Ontario (80°31ʹ to 93° west longitude): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1970, Report: 10 p.; 1 Plate: 41.50 × 58.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1970B.","productDescription":"Report: 10 p.; 1 Plate: 41.50 × 58.50 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108298,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13019.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13019"},{"id":256522,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1970b/plate-1-preview.pdf","size":"7529","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":91653,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1970b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":91654,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1970b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":187758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1970b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"1000000","country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93,37 ], [ -93,49 ], [ -80.51666666666667,49 ], [ -80.51666666666667,37 ], [ -93,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db60583a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soller, D. R.","contributorId":25923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020059,"text":"70020059 - 1998 - Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-13T16:02:20.199597","indexId":"70020059","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations","docAbstract":"The mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) call-count index had a significant (P < 0.01) negative trend in South Carolina and the Eastern Management Unit (EMU) during 1988-97. We initiated a banding study in 2 areas in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina to estimate population demographic parameters of doves to generate hypotheses that address the purported population declines. During 1992-96, we banded >2,300 doves and examined >6,000 individuals during harvest bag checks. An age-specific band recovery model with time- and area-specific recovery rates, and constant survival rates, was chosen for estimation via Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), likelihood ratio, and goodness-of-fit criteria. After-hatching-year (AHY) annual survival rate was 0.359 (SE = 0.056), and hatching-year (HY) annual survival rate was 0.118 (SE = 0.042). Average estimated recruitment per adult female into the prehunting season population was 3.40 (SE = 1.25) and 2.32 (SE = 0.46) for the 2 study areas. Our movement data support earlier hypotheses of nonmigratory breeding and harvested populations in South Carolina. Low survival rates and estimated population growth rate in the study areas may be representative only of small-scale areas that are heavily managed for dove hunting. Source-sink theory was used to develop a model of region-wide populations that is composed of source areas with positive growth rates and sink areas of declining growth. We suggest management of mourning doves in the Southeast might benefit from improved understanding of local population dynamics, as opposed to regional-scale population demographics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802011","usgsCitation":"McGowan, D.P., and Otis, D.L., 1998, Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 4, p. 1443-1451, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802011.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1443","endPage":"1451","costCenters":[{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Coastal Plain of South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.83066316401778,\n 34.134834334044896\n ],\n [\n -80.96713501123433,\n 34.134834334044896\n ],\n [\n -80.96713501123433,\n 32.08716615133787\n ],\n [\n -78.83066316401778,\n 32.08716615133787\n ],\n [\n -78.83066316401778,\n 34.134834334044896\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d38e4b0c8380cd79e0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Donald P. Jr.","contributorId":103810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Donald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otis, David L.","contributorId":64396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5584,"text":"fs01398 - 1998 - Landslide Hazards in Glacial Lake Clays - Tully Valley, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:32","indexId":"fs01398","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"013-98","title":"Landslide Hazards in Glacial Lake Clays - Tully Valley, New York","docAbstract":"At approximately midday on April 27, 1993, a large landslide occurred along the foot of Bare Mountain in LaFayette, Onondaga County, New York, about 12 miles south of Syracuse (figs. 1, 2). The slide moved rapidly east toward the middle of the Tully Valley and impacted approximately 50 acres of land, destroyed three homes, and resulted in the evacuation of four other homes. Debris from the slide, consisting mostly of remolded clay, covered Tully Farms Road with up to 15 feet of earth for a length of some 1,200 feet. Springs that developed near the top of the slide discharged either freshwater or brackish water, which contained concentrations of dissolved evaporites (salt and gypsum) and other minerals. The total volume of earth moved by the slide is estimated to be about 1.3 million cubic yards. According to the New York State Geological Survey, this slide is the largest to have occurred in the State in more than 75 years. Most residents were away from their homes at the time of the slide, and so there were no fatalities or serious injuries caused by the slide.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs01398","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, G.F., Negussey, D., and Kappel, W.M., 1998, Landslide Hazards in Glacial Lake Clays - Tully Valley, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 013-98, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs01398.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_013_98.jpg"},{"id":335,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/factsheet/fs13-98/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abb00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Gerald F.","contributorId":81889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Negussey, Dawit","contributorId":88338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Negussey","given":"Dawit","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}