{"pageNumber":"279","pageRowStart":"6950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11359,"records":[{"id":16359,"text":"ofr88325 - 1988 - Hydraulic and channel characteristics of selected streams in the Kantishna Hills area, Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1982-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:01","indexId":"ofr88325","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-325","title":"Hydraulic and channel characteristics of selected streams in the Kantishna Hills area, Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1982-84","docAbstract":"The Kantishna Hills area of the Denali National Park and Preserve contains extensive placer gold deposits. In order to develop plans for the management of this natural resource, and to assess the effects of placer mining on aquatic systems, documentation of the physical characteristics of the streams in the area is needed. Channel morphology, streamflow and streambed composition data were collected at 14 stream reaches in the Kantishna Hills area in September 1982 and in June, July, August , and September of 1983 and 1984. The reaches selected include locations of historical and current mining activity and locations which are undisturbed. The data indicate only minor differences in the physical properties of the streams in mined and unmined drainage basins. The composition of streambeds below mined areas tended to consist of finer sized particles and exhibited less variation in mean particle size than streambed in unmined basins. This may be due in part to the natural sorting of material in stream channels because mined areas, and thus study reaches below them, tended to be located relatively farther downstream (nearer the stream mouth) than were study reaches in basins where no mining has occurred. Changes in the physical properties of the streams which could be directly attributed to mining activity were noted at only one location, Rainy Creek near Kantishna, where the stream had been diverted from its natural channel by the construction of settling ponds. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88325","usgsCitation":"Van Maanen, J., and Solin, G., 1988, Hydraulic and channel characteristics of selected streams in the Kantishna Hills area, Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1982-84: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-325, iii, 105 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88325.","productDescription":"iii, 105 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0325/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45282,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0325/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a344","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Maanen, J.L.","contributorId":89540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Maanen","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solin, G. L.","contributorId":106132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solin","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":16512,"text":"ofr88203 - 1988 - Bibliography of selected references on the geology of the Livengood Quadrangle, east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:09","indexId":"ofr88203","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-203","title":"Bibliography of selected references on the geology of the Livengood Quadrangle, east-central Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88203","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, K., and Weber, F.R., 1988, Bibliography of selected references on the geology of the Livengood Quadrangle, east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-203, 79 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88203.","productDescription":"79 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0203/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45489,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627dc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, K.L.","contributorId":48181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weber, F. R.","contributorId":105303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":16576,"text":"ofr88666 - 1988 - Brief descriptions of mines, prospects, and mineral occurrences in the Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles, Alaska peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-04T17:51:04.954688","indexId":"ofr88666","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-666","title":"Brief descriptions of mines, prospects, and mineral occurrences in the Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles, Alaska peninsula","docAbstract":"<p><span>This report contains brief descriptions of known mines, prospects, and mineral occurrences in the Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles on the Alaska Peninsula. These quadrangles, and the adjoining Simeonof Island quadrangle to the south were the subject of an Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program (AMRAP) mapping and mineral resource assessment project. This compilation of descriptions was made from the published literature (Wilson and others, 1986) and unpublished reports and data of The Aleut Corporation, the U.S. Bureau of Mines, and the U.S. Geological Survey. The initial compilation was primarily based on data from Cobb (1972) and MacKevett and Holloway (1977), however information provided by The Aleut Corporation and data gathered during the Port Moller AMRAP project added most of the information in the descriptions and the database. Compilation of this database is an ongoing process and this is a progress report of work completed to date. The authors would appreciate any corrections or additional information that users may be able to contribute. To facilitate active use of the descriptions, where information is not available for a particular field in the database, it is left blank so that the use can write in data as they obtain it.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.3133/ofr88666","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., White, W., and DuBois, G.D., 1988, Brief descriptions of mines, prospects, and mineral occurrences in the Port Moller and Stepovak Bay quadrangles, Alaska peninsula: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-666, Report: iii, 128 p.; 1 Plate: 38.13 x 22.91 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88666.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 128 p.; 1 Plate: 38.13 x 22.91 inches","numberOfPages":"132","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389843,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19076.htm"},{"id":45569,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0666/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45568,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0666/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148434,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0666/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Peninsula, Port Moller quadrangle, Stepovak Bay quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -162,\n              55.0\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.8330,\n              55.0\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.8330,\n              56\n            ],\n            [\n              -162,\n              56\n            ],\n            [\n              -162,\n              55.0\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb3d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":173090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Willis H.","contributorId":7761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Willis H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DuBois, Gregory D.","contributorId":6824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuBois","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":16675,"text":"ofr88381 - 1988 - Surficial geologic map of the Anchorage B-7 SE quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-25T18:21:09.509988","indexId":"ofr88381","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-381","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Anchorage B-7 SE quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88381","usgsCitation":"Yehle, L., and Schmoll, H., 1988, Surficial geologic map of the Anchorage B-7 SE quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-381, Report: 19 p.; 2 Plates: 18.68 × 27.39 inches and \t15.36 × 14.08 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88381.","productDescription":"Report: 19 p.; 2 Plates: 18.68 × 27.39 inches and \t15.36 × 14.08 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":45728,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0381/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45730,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0381/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45729,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0381/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0381/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":397614,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19063.htm"}],"scale":"25000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Anchorage B-7 SE quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.438,\n              61.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.25,\n              61.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.25,\n              61.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.438,\n              61.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.438,\n              61.375\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6893be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yehle, L. A.","contributorId":44536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yehle","given":"L. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmoll, H. R.","contributorId":71543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmoll","given":"H. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21525,"text":"ofr88122 - 1988 - U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:46","indexId":"ofr88122","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-122","title":"U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88122","usgsCitation":"Zenone, C., 1988, U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-122, 2 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88122.","productDescription":"2 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153989,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0122/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51098,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db612a3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zenone, Chester","contributorId":8094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zenone","given":"Chester","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":16896,"text":"ofr88240 - 1988 - Analytical results, statistical analyses, and sample-locality maps of rocks from the Anchorage Quadrangle, southern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:17","indexId":"ofr88240","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-240","title":"Analytical results, statistical analyses, and sample-locality maps of rocks from the Anchorage Quadrangle, southern Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88240","usgsCitation":"Madden, D., Arbogast, B., O’Leary, R.M., VanTrump, G., and Silberman, M., 1988, Analytical results, statistical analyses, and sample-locality maps of rocks from the Anchorage Quadrangle, southern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-240, 121 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88240.","productDescription":"121 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0240/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46004,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0240/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46005,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0240/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46006,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0240/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c3a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madden, D.J.","contributorId":69571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arbogast, B. F.","contributorId":60623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arbogast","given":"B. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Leary, R. M.","contributorId":44894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VanTrump, George Jr.","contributorId":54193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanTrump","given":"George","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Silberman, M.L.","contributorId":10013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silberman","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70231786,"text":"70231786 - 1988 - The use of Landsat MSS data to map eelgrass in Izembek Lagoon, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T14:33:43.1675","indexId":"70231786","displayToPublicDate":"1988-06-01T09:23:56","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The use of Landsat MSS data to map eelgrass in Izembek Lagoon, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, resource technology 88: International Symposium on Advanced Technology in Natural Resource Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Resource technology 88: International Symposium on Advanced Technology in Natural Resource Management","conferenceDate":"June 20-23, 1988","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, Colorado, United States","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Markon, C., 1988, The use of Landsat MSS data to map eelgrass in Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, <i>in</i> Proceedings, resource technology 88: International Symposium on Advanced Technology in Natural Resource Management, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States, June 20-23, 1988, p. 251-253.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"253","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Izembek Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n 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       ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markon, Carl markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":140882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":113,"text":"Alaska Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70208230,"text":"70208230 - 1988 - The Fox permafrost tunnel: A late Quaternary geologic record in central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-31T10:24:29","indexId":"70208230","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-31T10:12:23","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Fox permafrost tunnel: A late Quaternary geologic record in central Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Fox permafrost tunnel, which penetrates 110 m into frozen sediments of Gold-stream valley, provides a continuous exposure of fossiliferous silt and alluvium above schistose bedrock. Deposition of fluvial gravel was followed by a long interval of loess accretion and permafrost aggradation that was punctuated by episodes of thaw and of gullying and redeposition of silt.</p><p>Imbricated sandy gravel above the bedrock contains lenses of finer alluvium that contain wood fragments and some rooted stumps. Radiocarbon dates indicate that the gravel is older than 40 ka, but absence of mature soil and weathering profiles at its upper contact indicates that fluvial activity must have continued until shortly before loess accretion began at the tunnel site.</p><p>Silt is the most widespread depositional unit in the tunnel. This deposit is of eolian origin (loess), but some has been redeposited by slope processes. The silt units contain abundant ground ice as pore filings, lenses, wedges, and buried pond ice. Loess accretion was interrupted by a period when little loess accumulated and when large ice wedges formed in the lower loess unit and subsequently were truncated by thaw. Loess began forming sometime before 40 ka and was rapidly accreting by 39 ka under xeric conditions with open vegetation. A sharply decreased rate of loess accretion associated with local erosion and thaw between about 36 and 30 ka is marked by anomalous cation concentration values, lenses of buried sod, fossils indicative of moist to wet substrates, and truncated ice wedges beneath small frozen ponds or streamlets that occupied ice-wedge troughs. A later episode of rapid loess influx under drier conditions began after 30 ka and coincided with glacial advances of late Wisconsin age in the adjoining Alaska Range. Large ice wedges also formed in the upper loess unit, but only their bases are exposed in the tunnel, and their history of development is uncertain.</p><p>Fanlike deposits of poorly sorted debris near the tunnel portal formed between about 12.5 and 11 ka during deep erosion of loess slopes under moister conditions. The deposits locally form two subunits: the younger over- whelmed a stand of tall willows on the floor of Goldstream valley between about 11.3 and 11.1 ka; the older may have formed about 1,000 yr earlier.</p><p>Stratigraphic records elsewhere in central Alaska indicate variable middle Wisconsin environments followed by colder and drier conditions that began between 30 and 25 ka and persisted until perhaps 12.5 ka. Widespread loess erosion and redeposition subsequently occurred under moister and probably warmer conditions. Renewed early Holocene loess deposition may have been widespread, but its exact environmental controls are uncertain.</p><p>Our data challenge three generally accepted concepts of late Quaternary periglacial processes in central Alaska. We contend that (1) many ice-wedge systems may have formed under interstadial conditions rather than full-glacial conditions, (2) episodes of rapid loess influx may have been partly out of phase with episodes of glacier expansion, and (3) redeposition of loess by solifluction, sheetwash, and gully formation may have been episodic and required conditions moister than those under which the loess initially accreted.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<0948:TFPTAL>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, T.D., Craig, J., and Spellmann, P., 1988, The Fox permafrost tunnel: A late Quaternary geologic record in central Alaska: GSA Bulletin, v. 100, no. 6, p. 948-969, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<0948:TFPTAL>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"948","endPage":"969","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":371804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Fox Permafrost Tunnel","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.46923828125,\n              64.28275952823394\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.35986328124997,\n              64.28275952823394\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.35986328124997,\n              65.11377184818937\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.46923828125,\n              65.11377184818937\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.46923828125,\n              64.28275952823394\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, T. D.","contributorId":36921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craig, J.","contributorId":70100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spellmann, P.V.","contributorId":222067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spellmann","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70122700,"text":"70122700 - 1988 - Western state instream flow programs: a comparative assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T13:10:12","indexId":"70122700","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T13:09:34","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"No. 18, Biological Report 89(2)","title":"Western state instream flow programs: a comparative assessment","docAbstract":"During their early history, Western States water rights laws were primarily means for facilitating and regulating water diversions for offstream, consumptive use. More recently, a countervailing concern for instream values such as fish and wildlife habitat, recreation, aesthetic values, and water quality has emerged in the legislative and administrative handling of water rights. As of 1988, the Western United States show a variety of approaches to balancing instream and diversion water rights, from zero control through administrative actions to legislatively established rights for guaranteed instream flows. The nine Western States that have adopted statutory instream flow protection programs include Alaska, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. Arizona, California, and Nevada have relied, to date, on administrative and judicial decisions, while New Mexico has established no mechanism for protecting instream water uses. In the States with statutory protection, instream water uses are granted the same legal status as any other water uses under the prior appropriation doctrine. The success of instream flow protection has been remarkable, given the controversial nature of the issue, with nearly 2,000 stream reaches protected.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Instream Flow Information Paper","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"McKinney, M.J., and Taylor, J.G., 1988, Western state instream flow programs: a comparative assessment, 78 p.","productDescription":"78 p.","numberOfPages":"78","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fef0f3e4b01f35f8fd6a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinney, Matthew J.","contributorId":52899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinney","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Jonathan G.","contributorId":37378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70122673,"text":"70122673 - 1988 - 1986 wetland plant list: Alaska region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T11:36:24","indexId":"70122673","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T11:35:28","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"Biol. Rpt. 88(26.11)","title":"1986 wetland plant list: Alaska region","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Reed, P., 1988, 1986 wetland plant list: Alaska region.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.44,51.21 ], [ 172.44,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.44,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fef0c0e4b01f35f8fd68e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reed, P.B. Jr.","contributorId":87892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"P.B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70137558,"text":"70137558 - 1988 - Causes of varied sediment gravity flow types  on the Alsek Prodelta, northeast Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T08:55:27","indexId":"70137558","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2670,"text":"Marine Geotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causes of varied sediment gravity flow types  on the Alsek Prodelta, northeast Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Slope failures and subsequent mass movements have been identified in Holocene glaciomarine sediment on declivities less than 1.3&deg; on the Alsek prodelta, Gulf of Alaska. Isolated collapse features cover less than 10 percent of a nearshore sand deposit, in water depths less than 40 m. In contrast, sediment gravity flow deposits (disintegrative failures) cover more than 95 percent of a clayey silt deposit that is located in water depths between 35 m and 80 m. The morphology of individual disintegrative failures in the prodelta clayey silt indicates an eastward increase in the internal deformation and downslope translation of the failed sediment mass, the most extreme deformations being relatively large linear depressions up to 6‐m deep, 400‐m wide, and 1800‐m long, extending downslope in the easternmost part of the study area.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>In‐place cone penetration tests show that the nearshore sand is dense and is probably not highly susceptible to cyclic strength degradation and ultimate slope failure. The isolated collapse features are thought to result from the slope failure of more susceptible clayey silt that underlies the sand, sampled in nearby vibracores.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The generation of disintegrative failures on the Alsek prodelta involves a drained conversion of the sediment (pore‐water influx) from an in‐place dense condition (State II) to an expanded condition (State I) during storm‐wave loading. Without this conversion, only nondisintegrative failures, typified by limited internal deformation or minor downslope translation of the failed sediment mass are possible. Higher porosity, underconsolidated, clayey silt of the eastern part of the study area is more susceptible to conversion from State II to State I than is the denser, normally consolidated, clayey silt of the western part of the study area. This trend in the porosity and consolidation state of the sediment is expressed as the eastward increase in the internal deformation and downslope translation of disintegrative failures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/10641198809388224","usgsCitation":"Schwab, W.C., Lee, H., and Molnia, B.F., 1988, Causes of varied sediment gravity flow types  on the Alsek Prodelta, northeast Gulf of Alaska: Marine Geotechnology, v. 7, no. 4, p. 317-342, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641198809388224.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"342","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.4462890625,\n              59.866883195210214\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.2734375,\n              60.6301017662667\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.80175781249997,\n              57.80965135970151\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.8857421875,\n              56.31653672211301\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.4462890625,\n              59.866883195210214\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b4fe4b08de9379b330f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwab, William C. 0000-0001-9274-5154 bschwab@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-5154","contributorId":417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"William","email":"bschwab@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Homa J. hjlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":1021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Homa J.","email":"hjlee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Molnia, Bruce F. bmolnia@usgs.gov","contributorId":4002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molnia","given":"Bruce","email":"bmolnia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70137559,"text":"70137559 - 1988 - Causes of two slope-failure types in continental-shelf sediment, northeastern Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T09:03:47","indexId":"70137559","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causes of two slope-failure types in continental-shelf sediment, northeastern Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Slumps and sediment-gravity flows have been identified in Holocene glaciomarine sediment on declivities less than 1.3 degrees on the Gulf of Alaska continental shelf. Geologic and geotechnical investigation suggest that the processes responsible for these slope failures are earthquake and storm-wave loading, coupled with cyclic degradation of the sediment-shear strength. We propose that the failure type is related to the nature of the failure load. For example, a slump that occurs approximately 30 km seaward of Icy Bay in water depth of 70 to 150 m was most likely caused by earthquake loading, whereas sediment-gravity flows on the Alsek prodelta, which occur in water depths of 35 to 80 m, probably were caused primarily by storm-wave loading. Sediment remolding and redistribution and incorporation of water, which occurs more readily during wave loading from a long storm than during the limited number of loading cycles generated by an earthquake, reduces the shear strength and increases the fluidity of the failed sediment mass. Wave-induced slope failures thereby tend to transform into sediment-gravity flows.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","doi":"10.1306/212F8CF6-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Schwab, W.C., and Lee, H., 1988, Causes of two slope-failure types in continental-shelf sediment, northeastern Gulf of Alaska: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 58, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1306/212F8CF6-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297092,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.4462890625,\n              59.866883195210214\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.2734375,\n              60.6301017662667\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.80175781249997,\n              57.80965135970151\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.8857421875,\n              56.31653672211301\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.4462890625,\n              59.866883195210214\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b4fe4b08de9379b330d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwab, William C. 0000-0001-9274-5154 bschwab@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-5154","contributorId":417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"William","email":"bschwab@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Homa J. hjlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":1021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Homa J.","email":"hjlee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70142592,"text":"70142592 - 1988 - Intermediate-scale vegetation mapping of Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:31:09","indexId":"70142592","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intermediate-scale vegetation mapping of Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data","docAbstract":"<p>A Landsat-derived vegetation map was prepared for lnnoko National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge lies within the northern boreal subzone of northwestern central Alaska. Six major vegetation classes and 21 subclasses were recognized: forest (closed needleleaf, open needleleaf, needleleaf woodland, mixed, and broadleaf); broadleaf scrub (lowland, upland burn regeneration, subalpine); dwarf scrub (prostrate dwarf shrub tundra, erect dwarf shrub heath, dwarf shrub-graminoid peatland, dwarf shrub-graminoid tussock peatland, dwarf shrub raised bog with scattered trees, dwarf shrub-graminoid marsh); herbaceous (graminoid bog, graminoid marsh, graminoid tussock-dwarf shrub peatland); scarcely vegetated areas (scarcely vegetated scree and floodplain); and water (clear, sedimented). The methodology employed a cluster-block technique. Sample areas were described based on a combination of helicopter-ground survey, aerial photo-interpretation, and digital Landsat data. Major steps in the Landsat analysis involved preprocessing (geometric correction), derivation of statistical parameters for spectral classes, spectral class labeling of sample areas, preliminary classification of the entire study area using a maximum-likelihood algorithm, and final classification utilizing ancillary information such as digital elevation data. The final product is 1:250,000-scale vegetation map representative of distinctive regional patterns and suitable for use in comprehensive conservation planning.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Talbot, S., and Markon, C.J., 1988, Intermediate-scale vegetation mapping of Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 54, no. 3, p. 377-383.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"377","endPage":"383","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Innoko National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.6041259765625,\n              63.17171454570863\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.6041259765625,\n              63.386600640372414\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.14819335937497,\n              63.386600640372414\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.14819335937497,\n              63.17171454570863\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.6041259765625,\n              63.17171454570863\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec433e4b02419550debc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70162673,"text":"70162673 - 1988 - Assessing the earthquake hazards in urban areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T16:54:31","indexId":"70162673","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the earthquake hazards in urban areas","docAbstract":"<p>Major urban areas in widely scattered geographic locations across the United States are a t varying degrees of risk from earthquakes. the locations of these urban areas include Charleston, South Carolina; Memphis Tennessee; St.Louis, Missouri; Salt Lake City, Utah; Seattle-Tacoma, Washington; Portland, Oregon; and Anchorage, Alaska; even Boston, Massachusetts, and Buffalo New York, have a history of large earthquakes. Cooperative research during the past decade has focused on assessing the nature and degree of the risk or seismic hazard i nthe broad geographic regions around each urban area. The strategy since the 1970's has been to bring together local, State, and Federal resources to solve the problem of assessing seismic risk. Successfl sooperative programs have been launched in the San Francisco Bay and Los Angeles regions in California and the Wasatch Front region in Utah.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Hays, W.W., Gori, P.L., and Kockelman, W., 1988, Assessing the earthquake hazards in urban areas: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 20, no. 6, p. 208-212.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"208","endPage":"212","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314999,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab49bfe4b07ca61bfea4ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hays, W. W.","contributorId":66693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gori, P. L.","contributorId":87138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gori","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kockelman, W. J.","contributorId":55427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kockelman","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70142154,"text":"70142154 - 1988 - An integrated approach for automated cover-type mapping of large inaccessible areas in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:32:25","indexId":"70142154","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated approach for automated cover-type mapping of large inaccessible areas in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The lack of any detailed cover type maps in the state necessitated that a rapid and accurate approach to be employed to develop maps for 329 million acres of Alaska within a seven-year period. This goal has been addressed by using an integrated approach to computer-aided analysis which combines efficient use of field data with the only consistent statewide spatial data sets available: Landsat multispectral scanner data, digital elevation data derived from 1:250 000-scale maps, and 1:60 000-scale color-infrared aerial photographs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Fleming, M.D., 1988, An integrated approach for automated cover-type mapping of large inaccessible areas in Alaska: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 54, no. 3, p. 357-362.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"362","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -170.33203125,\n              51.72702815704774\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.33203125,\n              72.0739114882038\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.50390625,\n              72.0739114882038\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.50390625,\n              51.72702815704774\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.33203125,\n              51.72702815704774\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f597c0e4b02419550d2f3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, Michael D.","contributorId":102638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70168772,"text":"70168772 - 1988 - Earthquakes, March-April 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-01T16:05:50","indexId":"70168772","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes, March-April 1988","docAbstract":"<p>There were two major earthquakes (7.0-7.9) during this reporting period. the first, a magnitude 7.6, was centered in the Gulf of Alaska on March 6 and the second, a magnitude 7.0, occurred near the coast of southern Peru on April 12.</p>\n<p>In the United States, the largest earthquake was the magnitude 7.6 in the Gulf of Alaska on Merch 6. A series of moderate and light earthquakes occurred in Hawaii.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1988, Earthquakes, March-April 1988: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 20, no. 4, p. 167-171.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"171","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d6cb51e4b015c306f32cb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70181029,"text":"70181029 - 1988 - Review of the distribution and feeding ecology of seabirds in the oceanic subarctic north Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-11T13:00:52","indexId":"70181029","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5291,"text":"Bulletin of the Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo ","onlineIssn":"0564-6898","printIssn":"0564-6898","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review of the distribution and feeding ecology of seabirds in the oceanic subarctic north Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Tokyo","usgsCitation":"Sanger, G.A., and Ainley, D.G., 1988, Review of the distribution and feeding ecology of seabirds in the oceanic subarctic north Pacific Ocean: Bulletin of the Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo , v. 26, no. 2, p. 161-186.","startPage":"161","endPage":"186","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a030a2e4b099f50d3e04fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanger, Gerald A.","contributorId":10660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanger","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":663377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ainley, David G.","contributorId":32039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":34154,"text":"Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Stinson Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":663378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70180307,"text":"70180307 - 1988 - Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70180307,"text":"70180307 - 1988 - Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>","indexId":"70180307","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":4297,"text":"cir1016 - 1988 - Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","indexId":"cir1016","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":4297,"text":"cir1016 - 1988 - Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","indexId":"cir1016","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:26:15","indexId":"70180307","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1016","title":"Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Lithofacies changes in coeval upper Paleozoic rocks have been used to unravel the tectonic history of northern Alaska (for example, Mayfield and others, 1983). Conodont biostratigraphy and detailed petrologic studies are now revealing facies differences in lower Paleozoic rocks that can also be used to constrain their tectono-sedimentary framework (Dumoulin and Harris, 1987). A basic element of basin analysis is the discrimination of shallow-water shelf and platform sequences from deeper water slope and basinal deposits. This report documents several new localities of deeper water, off-platform Silurian deposits in the Ambler River quadrangle and briefly outlines some of their paleogeographic implications.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987 (Circular 1016)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70180307","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., and Harris, A.G., 1988, Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1016, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70180307.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1988/1016/report.pdf#page=43","text":"Start page in larger work"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Ambler River quadrangle","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588b198be4b0ad67323f986a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185103,"text":"70185103 - 1988 - Testing for individual variation in breeding success","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T17:31:04","indexId":"70185103","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing for individual variation in breeding success","docAbstract":"<p>I measured the breeding success of Northern Fulmars (<i>Fulmarus glacialis</i>) in 6 consecutive years at a colony in the Semidi Islands, western Gulf of Alaska (56°N, 156°W). I tabulated the frequency distribution of the number of years successful for a sample of 224 nest sites at which breeding occurred in all 6 yr. A consistently higher probability of success occurred in some sites than in others (Fig. 1a). The same over-representation of extreme values was present in a subsample of 137 sites in which one or both members of the pair was individually known from plumage differences and no changes of identity were detected between years (Fig. 1b). More pairs were consistently successful, or consistently unsuccessful, than expected on the null hypothesis that all pairs had the same probability of breeding success in a given year.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., 1988, Testing for individual variation in breeding success: The Auk, v. 105, no. 1, p. 193-194.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"194","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337567,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4087343 "}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Semidi Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.93832397460938,\n              55.9407405184921\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.46865844726562,\n              55.9407405184921\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.46865844726562,\n              56.272336447630416\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.93832397460938,\n              56.272336447630416\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.93832397460938,\n              55.9407405184921\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90130e4b0849ce97abd65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70182587,"text":"70182587 - 1988 - Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T15:24:40.721322","indexId":"70182587","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The contact between the Upper Cretaceous Valdez Group and the Paleocene and Eocene Orca Group has been inferred to be the boundary between the Chugach and the Prince William tectonostratigraphic terranes. Sandstone petrographic data from the Prince William Sound area show no compositional discontinuity across this contact. These data are best explained by considering the Valdez and Orca Groups to be part of a single terrane - a thick flysch sequence derived primarily from a progressively unroofing magmatic arc with increasing input from subduction-complex sources through time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0456:SPEATC>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., 1988, Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska: Geology, v. 16, no. 5, p. 456-460, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0456:SPEATC>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"460","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chugach terrane, Prince William Sound, Prince William terrane","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.00732421875,\n              58.50517468678928\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.98681640625,\n              58.50517468678928\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.98681640625,\n              61.80428390136847\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.00732421875,\n              61.80428390136847\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.00732421875,\n              58.50517468678928\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b15446e4b01ccd54fc5eed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70197264,"text":"70197264 - 1988 - Models of grades and tonnages of some lode tin deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-24T13:05:24","indexId":"70197264","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Models of grades and tonnages of some lode tin deposits","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">Descriptive and grade/tonnage models have recently been built for many types of deposits. Such models consist of descriptions of mineralogy, host rocks, ore textures, controls, alteration, geochemical signatures, age, and tectonic settings, together with statistical models of grades, tonnages, and contained metal of deposits of each type. The models are used to identify areas that may contain undiscovered deposits of given types, to convey to non-geologists an idea of the importance of such deposits, and to test and refine classifications of mineral deposits.</p><p class=\"Para\">Descriptive and grade/tonnage models have recently been built for five types of primary tin deposits: rhyolite-hosted such as in Mexico; hydrothermal lodes such as in Cornwall, England, and the Herberton district, Queensland; replacement (or exhalative?) such as Renison Bell, Tasmania; skarn such as at Lost River, Alaska; and greisen such as in the Erzgebirge. Analyses of frequency distributions of tonnage, contained metal, tin grades and the relationships between these variables show that the deposits fall into four well-defined domains that have definite geological characteristics. Rhyolite-hosted, or Mexican, deposits contain a median of 4 t of tin and have a median grade of 0.4% Sn. Hydrothermal lode deposits have the highest grades. Half of such deposits have grades over 1.0% Sn, and the majority contain more than 1,000 t Sn. Large hydrothermal vein deposits contain more than 50,000 t Sn. Replacement (or exhalative?) deposits contain the largest amount of tin (median = 40,000 t). They are only of slightly lower grade (median = 0.80% Sn) than the hydrothermal lodes. Greisen or stockwork deposits have larger tonnages than replacement deposits, but contain less tin (median = 25,000 t).They are also of much lower grade (median = 0.3% Sn). Though grades and tonnages are available for only four skarn deposits, they appear to be more like greisen deposits than replacement deposits when compared using grades, tonnage and contained tin.</p><p class=\"Para\">Although these individual models of primary tin deposits must be regarded as preliminary because of the relatively small number of deposits upon which they are built, they clearly demonstrate differences among types and provide basic information that can be useful in making decisions about exploration strategy, land classification, and tin supply.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology of tin deposits in Asia and the Pacific","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-72765-8_4","usgsCitation":"Menzie, W., Reed, B., and Singer, D.A., 1988, Models of grades and tonnages of some lode tin deposits, chap. <i>of</i> Geology of tin deposits in Asia and the Pacific, p. 73-88, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72765-8_4.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"88","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b15af92e4b092d9651e2330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Menzie, W. D.","contributorId":52916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, B.L.","contributorId":29434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":736464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70182154,"text":"70182154 - 1988 - Seasonal occurrence of migrant whimbrels and bristle-thighed curlews on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-17T09:29:29","indexId":"70182154","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal occurrence of migrant whimbrels and bristle-thighed curlews on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Migrant Whimbrels (<i>Numenius phaeopus</i>) and Bristle-thighed Curlews (<i>N. tahitiensis</i>) were recorded during five summers along coastal tundra of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. From June to September, 1975-1979, 358 flocks totalling 1,265 curlews were observed; an additional 54 flocks were identified by vocalization alone. Among the 359 flocks identified to species, 52% were of Whimbrels, 47% were of Bristle-thighed Curlews, and 1% were of both species. Flocks as large as 48 Whimbrels and 33 Bristle-thighed Curlews were recorded, but 87% of the flocks contained five or fewer birds. During 2 years with early springs a few Whimbrels and Bristle-thighed Curlews were recorded on the delta in early June; these may have been late spring migrants, oversummering nonbreeders, or very early failed breeders. Whimbrel numbers peaked twice each summer, first in middle to late July and again in late August. These peaks probably consisted mainly of late failed breeders and of successful breeders with juveniles, respectively. The patterns of occurrence of Bristle-thighed Curlews were more complex, with up to three peaks in abundance each season, probably consisting of the following populational subclasses: (1) early failed breeders from late June to mid-July, (2) late failed breeders in late July, and (3) successful breeders and juveniles in early August. Most Bristle-thighed Curlews were gone by mid-August and Whimbrels, by early September. For both species the earliest juveniles were seen in late July in flocks with adults. The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta is conservatively estimated to support several thousands of both Whimbrels and Bristle-thighed Curlews. This area is considered to be particularly important for Bristle-thighed Curlews because it is the primary of only two known areas used during migration between their nesting grounds in Alaska and the first known stop on their wintering grounds in the Hawaiian Island chain, a transoceanic distance of 3,800 km. Whimbrels are more ubiquitous in their distribution and use of habitats, and their migration strategy may provide more flexibility in choice of timing and routes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1368835","usgsCitation":"Handel, C.M., and Dau, C.P., 1988, Seasonal occurrence of migrant whimbrels and bristle-thighed curlews on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: The Condor, v. 90, no. 4, p. 782-790, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368835.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"782","endPage":"790","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -168.50830078125,\n              59.57885104663186\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.521484375,\n              59.57885104663186\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.521484375,\n              63.869714622204825\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.50830078125,\n              63.869714622204825\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.50830078125,\n              59.57885104663186\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a819bae4b025c46429aff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dau, Christian P.","contributorId":26185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dau","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70184240,"text":"70184240 - 1988 - Factors influencing predation associated with visits to artificial goose nests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-03T15:20:06","indexId":"70184240","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing predation associated with visits to artificial goose nests","docAbstract":"<p><span>Artificial goose nests were used to determine what factors might increase predation after visits to nests of Cackling Canada Geese (<i>Branta canadensis minima</i>). We tested whether leaving the nest uncovered, marking the nest location with a flag, or placing the nest on an island or peninsula would increase the rate of predation. Predators destroyed significantly more of the nests with eggs exposed to view (61%) than of the nests with eggs covered with goose down (35%) (P &lt; 0.05). However, the rate of predation was only slightly higher among nests located on peninsulas than on islands and equal proportions of flagged and unflagged nests were destroyed. We also determined that investigators attracted predators to the study area and caused an increase in predation at uncovered nests immediately after the visit. Covering the eggs with down essentially negated the effect of attracting predators when visiting the nest. Among the 46 nests destroyed, 78% were destroyed by birds and 22% by mammals. Results of our study suggested that visibility of exposed eggs rather than nest markers provided important cues to avian predators and that islands probably provided some refuge from mammalian predators. Investigators can take steps to minimize their impact on nesting success and should incorporate a measure of that impact in their studies.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Vacca, M.M., and Handel, C.M., 1988, Factors influencing predation associated with visits to artificial goose nests: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 59, no. 3, p. 215-223.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"223","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336827,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"59","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ba8ec0e4b0bcef64f0b951","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vacca, M. Michele","contributorId":187518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vacca","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michele","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70180941,"text":"70180941 - 1988 - Bristle-thighed curlews, biologists, and bird tours - A place for all","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:34:33","indexId":"70180941","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1056,"text":"Birding","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bristle-thighed curlews, biologists, and bird tours - A place for all","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Birding Association","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., McCaffery, B.J., and Tobish, T., 1988, Bristle-thighed curlews, biologists, and bird tours - A place for all: Birding, v. 20, p. 148-155.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"148","endPage":"155","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335077,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589c3c50e4b0efcedb741124","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCaffery, B. J.","contributorId":99355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCaffery","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tobish, T.G.","contributorId":179138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobish","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70180308,"text":"70180308 - 1988 - Stromatolite- and coated-grain-bearing carbonate rocks of the western Brooks Range: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70180308,"text":"70180308 - 1988 - Stromatolite- and coated-grain-bearing carbonate rocks of the western Brooks Range: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>","indexId":"70180308","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Stromatolite- and coated-grain-bearing carbonate rocks of the western Brooks Range: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":4297,"text":"cir1016 - 1988 - Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","indexId":"cir1016","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":4297,"text":"cir1016 - 1988 - Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","indexId":"cir1016","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:25:17","indexId":"70180308","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1016","title":"Stromatolite- and coated-grain-bearing carbonate rocks of the western Brooks Range: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Carbonate rocks characterized by locally abundant stromatolites and coated grains have been found at several localities in the Baird Mountains and Ambler River quadrangles (fig. 1). These rocks are part of a belt of metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks that constitutes the southwestern flank of the Brooks Range; all are included in the parautochthon (Schwatka sequence) of Mayfield and others (1983). The rocks have been deformed and metamorphosed to blueschist and greenschist facies, but primary textures and sedimentary structures are locally well preserved. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987 (Circular 1016)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70180308","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., 1988, Stromatolite- and coated-grain-bearing carbonate rocks of the western Brooks Range: A section in <i>Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1016, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70180308.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334115,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1988/1016/report.pdf#page=39","text":"Start page in larger work"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588b198be4b0ad67323f9868","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}