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,{"id":70227064,"text":"70227064 - 2003 - A 2000-year-long record of climate from the Gulf of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-28T17:12:45.881104","indexId":"70227064","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T11:04:24","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A 2000-year-long record of climate from the Gulf of California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the nineteenth Annual Pacific Climate Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Nineteenth Annual Pacific Climate Workshop","conferenceDate":"Mar 3-6, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Pacific Grove, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the San Francisco Estuary","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Bukry, D., and Bischoff, J.L., 2003, A 2000-year-long record of climate from the Gulf of California, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the nineteenth Annual Pacific Climate Workshop, Pacific Grove, CA, Mar 3-6, 2002, p. 11-21.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"21","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393523,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.85302734374999,\n              23.60426184707018\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.62158203125,\n              26.82407078047018\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.26904296874999,\n              31.3348710339506\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.99414062499999,\n              31.784216884487385\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.89501953124999,\n              31.82156451492074\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.82910156249999,\n              30.694611546632277\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6533203125,\n              30.107117887092357\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.35693359375,\n              28.5941685062326\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.2802734375,\n              27.254629577800063\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.59912109375,\n              26.37218544169559\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.7861328125,\n              24.746831298412058\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.45654296875,\n              24.00632619875113\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.4677734375,\n              23.34225583513053\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.96240234375,\n              22.938159639316396\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.85302734374999,\n              23.60426184707018\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X dbukry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":3550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"dbukry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":829466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70217602,"text":"70217602 - 2003 - Pore-water pressure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T17:05:55.211713","indexId":"70217602","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T11:02:57","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Pore-water pressure","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Geomorphology","language":"English","publisher":"Rutledge","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., 2003, Pore-water pressure, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of Geomorphology, p. 803-805.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"803","endPage":"805","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":382499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Goudie, A.S.","contributorId":248293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goudie","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808812,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70206028,"text":"70206028 - 2003 - Performance of USEPA Method 1668-A in the New Jersey toxic reduction workplan for the New York-New Jersey Harbor, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-21T06:49:12","indexId":"70206028","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T10:59:28","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2959,"text":"Organohalogen Compounds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance of USEPA Method 1668-A in the New Jersey toxic reduction workplan for the New York-New Jersey Harbor, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Environmental Agency","issn":"1026-4892","usgsCitation":"Wilson, T.P., and Bonin, J., 2003, Performance of USEPA Method 1668-A in the New Jersey toxic reduction workplan for the New York-New Jersey Harbor, U.S.A.: Organohalogen Compounds, v. 60, p. 195-198.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"198","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, Mew York ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.16183471679688,\n              40.51954115033359\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.92494201660156,\n              40.51954115033359\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.92494201660156,\n              40.78834006798032\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.16183471679688,\n              40.78834006798032\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.16183471679688,\n              40.51954115033359\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"60","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Timothy P. 0000-0003-1914-6344 tpwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-6344","contributorId":3752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Timothy","email":"tpwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":773348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonin, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-7631-9734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-9734","contributorId":59404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonin","given":"Jennifer L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70206026,"text":"70206026 - 2003 - Sediment-water partitioning in tributaries of Newark and Raritan Bays, New Jersey, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T10:58:26","indexId":"70206026","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T10:53:12","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2959,"text":"Organohalogen Compounds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment-water partitioning in tributaries of Newark and Raritan Bays, New Jersey, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Environmental Agency","issn":"1026-4892","usgsCitation":"Bonin, J., and Wilson, T.P., 2003, Sediment-water partitioning in tributaries of Newark and Raritan Bays, New Jersey, U.S.A.: Organohalogen Compounds, v. 61, p. 341-344.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"344","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Newark Bay, Raritan Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.091796875,\n              40.92700253056922\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.09454345703125,\n              40.84394377141789\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.20440673828125,\n              40.64521960545374\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.18655395507812,\n              40.63375667842965\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.07257080078125,\n              40.637925243274374\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.0753173828125,\n              40.658764163202925\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.13162231445311,\n              40.64938745451835\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.94485473632812,\n              40.93426521177941\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.091796875,\n              40.92700253056922\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.52884674072264,\n              40.44511813759635\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.26895141601562,\n              40.44511813759635\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.26895141601562,\n              40.56519859725198\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.52884674072264,\n              40.56519859725198\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.52884674072264,\n              40.44511813759635\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"61","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonin, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-7631-9734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-9734","contributorId":59404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonin","given":"Jennifer L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Timothy P. 0000-0003-1914-6344 tpwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-6344","contributorId":3752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Timothy","email":"tpwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":773345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70226557,"text":"70226557 - 2003 - Quaternary geology of the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-26T17:43:37.060962","indexId":"70226557","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T10:50:24","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Quaternary geology of the western United States","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary geology of the United States; INQUA 2003 field guide volume","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Desert Research Institute","usgsCitation":"Easterbrook, D.J., Pierce, K.L., Gosse, J., Gillespie, A.R., Evenson, E., and Hamblin, K., 2003, Quaternary geology of the western United States, chap. <i>of</i> Quaternary geology of the United States; INQUA 2003 field guide volume, p. 19-79.","productDescription":"61 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"79","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392130,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.068359375,\n              34.08906131584994\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.666015625,\n              34.08906131584994\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.666015625,\n              48.69096039092549\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.068359375,\n              48.69096039092549\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.068359375,\n              34.08906131584994\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Easterbrook, Don J.","contributorId":204671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Easterbrook","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12723,"text":"Western Washington University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, Kenneth L. kpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":1609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Kenneth","email":"kpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gosse, John","contributorId":269513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gosse","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillespie, Alan R.","contributorId":147607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evenson, Ed","contributorId":269514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evenson","given":"Ed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hamblin, Ken","contributorId":269515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamblin","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70217599,"text":"70217599 - 2003 - Debris flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T15:56:44.529401","indexId":"70217599","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T09:41:15","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Debris flow","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., 2003, Debris flow, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks.","productDescription":"3 p.","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"188","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":382496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Middleton, G.","contributorId":176546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Middleton","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808794,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Church, M.J.","contributorId":248290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Church","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808795,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coniglio, M.","contributorId":248291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coniglio","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808796,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardie, L.A.","contributorId":248292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardie","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808797,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Longstaffe, F.J.","contributorId":33069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longstaffe","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808798,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221234,"text":"ds62F - 2003 - Global GIS database. Digital atlas of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10T15:28:43.893893","indexId":"ds62F","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T09:24:54","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"62","chapter":"F","title":"Global GIS database. Digital atlas of North America","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds62F","usgsCitation":"Hearn, P., 2003, Global GIS database. Digital atlas of North America: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 62, CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds62F.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502696,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0062/USGS_DDS62F.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":386287,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, Paul phearn@usgs.gov","contributorId":176504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"Paul","email":"phearn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":817158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70228910,"text":"70228910 - 2003 - Quaternary vegetation and climate change in the western United States: Developments, perspectives, and prospects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-24T14:31:31.345977","indexId":"70228910","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T08:26:25","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5919,"text":"Developments in Quaternary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary vegetation and climate change in the western United States: Developments, perspectives, and prospects","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter explores the strengths and shortcomings of the major sources of data on Quaternary vegetation and climate change and discusses the use of models as a means to explore past and potential future environmental changes. The flora and major vegetation types of the western United States are present for several million years. Ongoing changes in&nbsp;</span>atmospheric chemistry<span>, climate, and human activities may lead to major vegetation changes over the coming decades to centuries. The combination of observations from the paleoenvironmental record, modern ecological studies, and modeling now permit assessments of the magnitude of potential future changes in the context of natural variability. They also provide opportunities for hypothesis testing and identification of the processes driving past changes in vegetation and climate. Understanding the dynamics of paleoenvironmental change can contribute to current conservation and&nbsp;natural resource management&nbsp;efforts and will help conservation and natural resource managers anticipate the potential rate, magnitude, and complexity of future vegetation change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01018-2","usgsCitation":"Thompson, R.S., Shafer, S., Strickland, L.E., Van De Water, P.K., and Anderson, K.H., 2003, Quaternary vegetation and climate change in the western United States: Developments, perspectives, and prospects: Developments in Quaternary Sciences, v. 1, p. 403-426, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01018-2.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"403","endPage":"426","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.98046874999999,\n              28.459033019728043\n            ],\n            [\n              -100,\n              28.459033019728043\n            ],\n            [\n              -100,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.98046874999999,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.98046874999999,\n              28.459033019728043\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Robert S. 0000-0001-9287-2954 rthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-2954","contributorId":891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Robert","email":"rthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shafer, Sarah 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":149866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strickland, Laura E. 0000-0002-1958-7273 lstrickland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-7273","contributorId":4682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strickland","given":"Laura","email":"lstrickland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van De Water, Peter K.","contributorId":51484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van De Water","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Katherine H. 0000-0003-2677-6109","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-6109","contributorId":52556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":835867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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The Humboldt River Basin (HRB) covers 43,500 km2 in northern Nevada (Crompton, 1995), and it is home to approximately 18 active gold and silver mines (Driesner and Coyner, 2001) among at least 55 significant metallic mineral deposits (Long and others, 1998). Many of the gold mines are along the Carlin trend in the east-central portion of the HRB, and together they have produced 50 million ounces of gold from 1962 (when the Carlin mine first opened) through April 2002 (Nevada Mining Association, 2002). Mining is not new to the region, however. Beginning in 1849, mining has taken place in numerous districts that cover 39 percent of the land area in the HRB (Tingley, 1998). In addition to gold and silver, As, Ba, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, Mn, Mo, Pb, S, Sb, V, W, Zn, and industrial commodities such as barite, limestone, fluorite, sand and gravel, gypsum, gemstones, pumice, zeolites, and building stone, have been extracted from the HRB (McFaul and others, 2000). All papers within this series of investigations can be found as lettered chapters of USGS Bulletin 2210, Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada. Each chapter is available separately online. The data and software utilized in this product (Chapter F) permit the user to view and analyze the geographic relationships among chemistry of stream sediments and surface waters, geology, and various cartographic base information such as but not limited to cities, county boundaries, and land ownership. Data for this product were compiled and or produced as part of a mineral and environmental assessment of the Humboldt River basin conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1995 - 2000.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b2210","usgsCitation":"Stillings, L., 2003, Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2210, Chapters A-F, variously paginated, https://doi.org/10.3133/b2210.","productDescription":"Chapters A-F, variously paginated","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115714,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115715,"rank":102,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-c/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115716,"rank":103,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-d/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115717,"rank":104,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115718,"rank":105,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-f/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115719,"rank":101,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2210/b/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9bd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stillings, Lisa L. 0000-0002-9011-8891 stilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-8891","contributorId":3143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillings","given":"Lisa L.","email":"stilling@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":288005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70194886,"text":"70194886 - 2003 - Subsurface evidence of a pre-1846 breach across Menauhant Barrier, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T12:49:49","indexId":"70194886","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3385,"text":"Shore & Beach","printIssn":"0037-4237","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface evidence of a pre-1846 breach across Menauhant Barrier, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Shore and Beach Preservation Association (ASBPA)","usgsCitation":"Buynevich, I.V., 2003, Subsurface evidence of a pre-1846 breach across Menauhant Barrier, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Shore & Beach, v. 71, no. 3, p. 3-7.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"7","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352565,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://asbpa.org/publications/shore-and-beach/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod, Menauhant Barrier","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.90576171875,\n              41.39741506646461\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.70275878906249,\n              41.39741506646461\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.70275878906249,\n              42.33012354634196\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.90576171875,\n              42.33012354634196\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.90576171875,\n              41.39741506646461\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c9de4b06e28e9cabb30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buynevich, Ilya V.","contributorId":18841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buynevich","given":"Ilya","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70188358,"text":"70188358 - 2003 - Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T10:10:00","indexId":"70188358","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses ","docAbstract":"<p>Microsatellite allelic and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype diversity are analyzed in eight rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) collections: two from tributaries flowing into the upper Santa Ynez River watershed at Gibraltar Reservoir (Camuesa and Gidney creeks); three from tributaries between Gibraltar and Jameson reservoirs (Fox, Blue Canyon, and Alder creeks); one from a tributary above Jameson Reservoir (Juncal Creek); Jameson Reservoir; and one from the mainstem Santa Ynez River above the Jameson Reservoir. Both analyses reveal a high degree of population structure. Thirteen microsatellite loci are amplified from 376 fish. Population pairwise comparisons show significant differences in allelic frequency among all populations with the exception of Juncal Creek and Jameson Reservoir (p = 0.4). Pairwise<i> F<sub>st</sub></i> values range from 0.001 (Juncal Creek and Jameson Reservoir) to 0.17 (Camuesa and Juncal creeks) with an overall value of 0.021. Regression analyses (Slatkin 1993) supports an isolation-bydistance model in the five populations below Jameson Reservoir (intercept = 1.187, slope = -0.41, r2 = 0.67). A neighbor-joining bootstrap value of 100% (based on 2000 replicate trees) separates the populations sampled above and below Juncal Dam. </p><p>Composite haplotypes from 321 fish generated using mtDNA sequence data (Dloop) reveal four previously described haplotypes (MYS1, MYS3, MYS5 and MYS8; Nielsen et al. 1994a), and one (MYS5) was found in all populations. Mean haplotype diversity is 0.48. Pairwise <i>F<sub>st</sub></i> values from mtDNA range from -0.019 to 0.530 (0.177 over all populations) and are larger than those for microsatellites in 26 of 28 pairwise comparisons. In addition, the mtDNA and microsatellites provide contrasting evidence of the relationship of Fox and Alder creeks to the other six populations. Discrepancies between the two markers are likely due to the unique properties of the two marker types and their value in revealing historic (mtDNA) versus contemporary (microsatellites) genetic relationships. The contrasting results may indicate how relationships among the upper Santa Ynez River populations have changed since the installation of Juncal Dam. </p><p>Comparisons of mtDNA haplotype frequencies from fish collected for this study with samples analyzed previously in JLN’s laboratory (1993) reveal significant differences in mtDNA haplotypes for Fox and Alder creeks. In the 2001 samples from this study, there is a loss of three haplotypes despite larger sample sizes. AMOVA analysis of what we term “upper” (Alder, Fox, Blue Canyon, Camuesa, Gidney creeks and the upper Santa Ynez mainstem) and “lower” (Hilton, Salsipuedes and the lower mainstem Santa Ynez River) Santa Ynez River populations (1993-2001) reveal that 11% of the variance in haplotypes is found between the upper and lower drainage. A comparison of the mtDNA data from this study with those available for southern California coastal and California hatchery<i> O. mykiss</i> populations yields <i>F<sub>st</sub></i> values of 0.15 and 0.47, respectively. Differentiation of mtDNA haplotypes for population pairs of Santa Ynez River and hatchery fish show no significant differentiation between wild and at least one hatchery strain in Cachuma Reservoir, Hilton Creek, and the Lower Santa Ynez River. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, J.L., Zimmerman, C.E., Olsen, J.B., Wiacek, T., Kretschmer, E., Greenwald, G.M., and Wenburg, J.K., 2003, Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses , 29 p.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Ynes River drainage","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": 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B.","contributorId":174632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsen","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5128,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiacek, Talia","contributorId":174037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiacek","given":"Talia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kretschmer, E.J.","contributorId":192687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kretschmer","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greenwald, Glenn M.","contributorId":192688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwald","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wenburg, John K.","contributorId":174634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wenburg","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5128,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70187861,"text":"70187861 - 2003 - A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-11T16:04:27","indexId":"70187861","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Genetic data are needed to aid in restoring several species of seabirds to the Gulf of Alaska. We analyzed sequence variation in mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA and nuclear introns in samples of commom murres (<i>Uria aalge</i>), pigeon guillemots (<i>Cepphus columba</i>) and marbled murrelets (<i>Brachyramphus marmoratus</i>) from throughout the North Pacific. Data were analyzed using traditional approaches, nested clade analyses and assignment tests. No cryptic species were found, and there was no strong evidence for inbreeding, low genetic variation, or souce or sink regions in any them. Pacific common murres constitute a single genetic management unit (MU), but hybridization occurs between common and thick-billed murres (<i>U. lomvia</i>). In contrast, gene flow in pigeon guillemots is very restricted and population genetic structure is very strong; guillemots from the spill area are part of a MU that extends from the Alaska Peninsula to somewhere between Prince William Sound and Vancouver Island. Marbled murrelets in the spill area are part of a MU that extends from the Alaska Peninsula to at least British Columbia; tree- and ground-nesting murrelets are not genetically differentiated. Little if any hybridization occurs between marbled and Kittlitz's murrelets.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"<i>Exxon Valdez</i> Oil Spill Trustee Council","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Friesen, V.L., and Piatt, J.F., 2003, A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska, 119 p.","productDescription":"119 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342361,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evostc.state.ak.us/index.cfm?FA=searchresults.projectInfo&Project_ID=610"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","publicComments":"Final Report: <i>Exxon Valdez</i> Oil Spill Restoration Project 00169","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59254a6fe4b0b7ff9fb361bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesen, Vicki L.","contributorId":59407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friesen","given":"Vicki","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185153,"text":"70185153 - 2003 - The behavior of U- and Th-series nuclides in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T13:12:34","indexId":"70185153","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3281,"text":"Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The behavior of U- and Th-series nuclides in groundwater","docAbstract":"<p><span>Groundwater has long been an active area of research driven by its importance both as a societal resource and as a component in the global hydrological cycle. Key issues in groundwater research include inferring rates of transport of chemical constituents, determining the ages of groundwater, and tracing water masses using chemical fingerprints. While information on the trace elements pertinent to these topics can be obtained from aquifer tests using experimentally introduced tracers, and from laboratory experiments on aquifer materials, these studies are necessarily limited in time and space. Regional studies of aquifers can focus on greater scales and time periods, but must contend with greater complexities and variations. In this regard, the isotopic systematics of the naturally occurring radionuclides in the U- and Th- decay series have been invaluable in investigating aquifer behavior of U, Th, and Ra. These nuclides are present in all groundwaters and are each represented by several isotopes with very different half-lives, so that processes occurring over a range of time-scales can be studied (Table 1</span><a id=\"xref-table-wrap-1-1\" class=\"xref-down-link\" href=\"http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/52/1/317#T1\" data-mce-href=\"http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/52/1/317#T1\"><span>⇓</span></a><span>). Within the host aquifer minerals, the radionuclides in each decay series are generally expected to be in secular equilibrium and so have equal activities (see </span>Bourdon et al. 2003<span>). In contrast, these nuclides exhibit strong relative fractionations within the surrounding groundwaters that reflect contrasting behavior during release into the water and during interaction with the surrounding host aquifer rocks. Radionuclide data can be used, within the framework of models of the processes involved, to obtain quantitative assessments of radionuclide release from aquifer rocks and groundwater migration rates. The isotopic variations that are generated also have the potential for providing fingerprints for groundwaters from specific aquifer environments, and have even been explored as a means for calculating groundwater ages.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":" Mineralogical Society of America (MSA) and the Geochemical Society","doi":"10.2113/0520317","usgsCitation":"Porcelli, D., and Swarzenski, P., 2003, The behavior of U- and Th-series nuclides in groundwater: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, v. 52, no. 1, p. 317-361, https://doi.org/10.2113/0520317.","productDescription":"45 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"361","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d1e4b0849ce97c86d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porcelli, D.","contributorId":35912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcelli","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swarzenski, P.W. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":29487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187855,"text":"70187855 - 2003 - Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets  and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T08:14:36","indexId":"70187855","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets  and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Kittlitz's murrelet (<i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i>) is a rare seabird that nests in alpine terrain and generally forages near tidewater glaciers during the breeding season. More than 95% of the global population breeds in Alaska, with the remainder occurring in the Russian Far East. A global population estimate using best-available data in the early 1990s was 20,000 individuals. However, survey data from two core areas (Prince William Sound and Glacier Bay) suggest that populations have declined by 80-90% during the past 10-20 years. In response to these declines, a coalition of environmental groups petitioned the USFWS in May of 2001 to list the Kittlitz’s murrelet under the Endangered Species Act. In 2002, we began a three-year project to examine population status and trend of Kittlitz’s Murrelets in areas where distribution and abundance are poorly known. Here we report on the first field season, focused on the south coast of the Kenai Peninsula. We re-surveyed selected historical transects to evaluate trends, and surveyed new transects for improved population estimation during early July 2002. From a total of 66 Kittlitz’s Murrelets seen on transects, we estimate a total population of 509 Kittlitz’s Murrelets along the south coast of the Kenai Peninsula. Comparisons with past surveys suggest a decline of 83% since 1976, with an average rate of decline calculated as–6.9 % per annum. This decline is in agreement with population declines observed elsewhere in the species’ core glaciated range, indicating that steep population declines observed to date are likely to be a range-wide phenomenon. While the focus of the study was Kittlitz’s Murrelets, other species of marine birds and mammals were also surveyed. Populations of the closely related Marbled Murrelet appear to have increased during the same time period. The abundance and distribution of other species are presented in appendices.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"van Pelt, T.I., and Piatt, J.F., 2003, Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets  and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska, 65 p.","productDescription":"65 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.3251953125,\n              58.92733441827545\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.7890625,\n              58.92733441827545\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.7890625,\n              62.79493487887006\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.3251953125,\n              62.79493487887006\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.3251953125,\n              58.92733441827545\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59254a6fe4b0b7ff9fb361bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Pelt, Thomas I.","contributorId":13392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Pelt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189376,"text":"70189376 - 2003 - Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Youghiogheny River Basin, Pennsylvania, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-11T18:39:48","indexId":"70189376","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Youghiogheny River Basin, Pennsylvania, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nighttime high-resolution airborne thermal infrared imagery (TIR) data were collected in the predawn hours during Feb 5-8 and March 11-12, 1999, from a helicopter platform for 72.4 km of the Youghiogheny River, from Connellsville to McKeesport, in southwestern Pennsylvania. The TIR data were used to identify sources of mine drainage from abandoned mines that discharge directly into the Youghiogheny River. Image-processing and geographic information systems (GIS) techniques were used to identify 70 sites within the study area as possible mine drainage sources. The combination of GIS datasets and the airborne TIR data provided a fast and accurate method to target the possible sources. After field reconnaissance, it was determined that 24 of the 70 sites were mine drainage. This paper summarizes: the procedures used to process the TIR data and extract potential mine-drainage sites; methods used for verification of the TIR data; a discussion of factors affecting the TIR data; and a brief summary of water quality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10230-003-0006-y","usgsCitation":"Sams, J.I., Veloski, G., and Ackman, T., 2003, Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Youghiogheny River Basin, Pennsylvania, USA: Mine Water and the Environment, s10230-003-0006-y; 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-003-0006-y.","productDescription":"s10230-003-0006-y; 10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Allegheny County, Fayette County, 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,{"id":70189382,"text":"70189382 - 2003 - Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Kettle Creek and Cooks Run Basins, Pennsylvania, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-12T08:53:42","indexId":"70189382","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Kettle Creek and Cooks Run Basins, Pennsylvania, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>High-resolution airborne thermal infrared (TIR) imagery data were collected over 90.6 km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(35 mi</span><sup>2</sup><span>) of remote and rugged terrain in the Kettle Creek and Cooks Run Basins, tributaries of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in north-central Pennsylvania. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of TIR for identifying sources of acid mine drainage (AMD) associated with abandoned coal mines. Coal mining from the late 1800s resulted in many AMD sources from abandoned mines in the area. However, very little detailed mine information was available, particularly on the source locations of AMD sites. Potential AMD sources were extracted from airborne TIR data employing custom image processing algorithms and GIS data analysis. Based on field reconnaissance of 103 TIR anomalies, 53 sites (51%) were classified as AMD. The AMD sources had low pH (&lt;4) and elevated concentrations of iron and aluminum. Of the 53 sites, approximately 26 sites could be correlated with sites previously documented as AMD. The other 27 mine discharges identified in the TIR data were previously undocumented. This paper presents a summary of the procedures used to process the TIR data and extract potential mine drainage sites, methods used for field reconnaissance and verification of TIR data, and a brief summary of water-quality data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10230-003-0005-z","usgsCitation":"Sams, J.I., and Veloski, G., 2003, Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Kettle Creek and Cooks Run Basins, Pennsylvania, USA: Mine Water and the Environment, v. 22, no. 2, p. 85-93, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-003-0005-z.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"93","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Clinton County","otherGeospatial":" Cooks Run Basin, Lower Kettle 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James I. III","contributorId":38603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sams","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veloski, Garret","contributorId":193984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Veloski","given":"Garret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70197328,"text":"70197328 - 2003 - Ophiolite and volcanic arc assemblages on the Vizcaino Peninsula and Cedros Island region, Baja California Sur, Mexico: Mesozoic forearc lithosphere of the Cordilleran magmatic arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-29T16:15:39","indexId":"70197328","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ophiolite and volcanic arc assemblages on the Vizcaíno Peninsula and Cedros Island region, Baja California Sur, Mexico: Mesozoic forearc lithosphere of the Cordilleran magmatic arc","title":"Ophiolite and volcanic arc assemblages on the Vizcaino Peninsula and Cedros Island region, Baja California Sur, Mexico: Mesozoic forearc lithosphere of the Cordilleran magmatic arc","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mesozoic ophiolites in the Vizcaíno Peninsula and Cedros Island region of Baja California Sur are suprasubduction zone Cordilleran-type ophiolites structurally juxtaposed with underlying high pressure-temperature subduction complex assemblages. The region is divided into three separate tectonostratigraphic terranes, but here we recognize stratigraphic, intrusive, and petrologie links between these terranes and interpret the evolution of the entire region within the same Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous tectonic framework. Several phases of extension are recognized, including two major phases that resulted in development of distinct ophiolite assemblages. The Late Triassic Vizcaine Peninsula Ophiolite (221 ± 2 Ma) represents the earliest stage of this history and comprises a complete spreading center sequence with depleted upper mantle and mafie crustal rocks, including sheeted dike complex, Jurassic are magmatic rocks with low-Ti are tholelite and boninite geochemical affinities were intruded through and constructed on the Triassic ophiolite basement. Ultra-depleted are-ankaramites on Cedros Island may represent an initial phase of are rifting that was followed by major Middle Jurassic extension and production of the Cedros Island Ophiolite (173 ± 2 Ma). The Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Coloradito and Eugenia Formations contain mudflows and olistostrome blocks intercalated with are volcanogenic sediment and rift-related pillow lavas; these units record extension and/or transtension and provide the earliest definite evidence of are-continent interaction in the region.</span></p><p><span>Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous are plutonic rocks (ca. 165-135 Ma) were shallowly intruded into low greenschist-facies ophiolite and are volcanic basement. Plutonic rocks range in composition from gabbro to granodiorite, but tonalite dominates. These intrusions are typical I-type Cordilleran batholithic rocks with relatively primitive are geochemical affinities (initial Sr</span><span>87</span><span>/</span><span>86</span><span>Sr range from ~0.704 to 0.706), but they are distinctly calcic in nature, a feature common to the adjacent Cretaceous Peninsular Ranges batholith.</span></p><p><span>The Vizca</span><span>í</span><span>no-Cedros region correlates to ophiolitic terranes of the western Sierra Klamath belt and Coast Ranges of California and Oregon that were constructed in part across the North American margin. Age, stratigraphic, and petrochemical data from the Vizca</span><span>í</span><span>no-Cedros region support previously proposed forearc rifting models developed for the U.S. sector of the Cordilleran orogen that interpret the ophiolite assemblages as autochthonous or parautochthonous forearc lithosphere constructed outboard of the Mesozoic continental margin arc.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonic evolution of northwestern Mexico and the southwestern USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"Kimbrough, D., and Moore, T.E., 2003, Ophiolite and volcanic arc assemblages on the Vizcaino Peninsula and Cedros Island region, Baja California Sur, Mexico: Mesozoic forearc lithosphere of the Cordilleran magmatic arc: GSA Special Papers, v. 374, p. 43-71.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"71","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354547,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"374","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b1584f0e4b092d9651e210f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimbrough, D.L.","contributorId":25332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimbrough","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457 tmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":1033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas","email":"tmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":736688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70197330,"text":"70197330 - 2003 - Rooted Brooks Range ophiolite: Implications for Cordilleran terranes: Comment and Reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-29T16:03:46","indexId":"70197330","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rooted Brooks Range ophiolite: Implications for Cordilleran terranes: Comment and Reply","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0091:RBROIF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Harris, R., Moore, T.E., Wirth, K., and Mull, C.G., 2003, Rooted Brooks Range ophiolite: Implications for Cordilleran terranes: Comment and Reply: Geology, v. 31, no. 1, p. 91-91, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0091:RBROIF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"91","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354552,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b1584f0e4b092d9651e210d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, R. 0000-0002-9247-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":13382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457 tmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":1033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas","email":"tmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":736700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wirth, K.R.","contributorId":98534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mull, C. G.","contributorId":40220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185157,"text":"70185157 - 2003 - Changes in the fluorescence of the Caribbean coral <i>Montastraea faveolata</i> during heat-induced bleaching","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T13:47:29","indexId":"70185157","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in the fluorescence of the Caribbean coral <i>Montastraea faveolata</i> during heat-induced bleaching","docAbstract":"<p>In order to evaluate the response of commonly occurring green and orange fluorescent host-based pigments, a thermal stress experiment was performed on specimens of the Caribbean coral<i> Montastraea faveolata</i>. Seven paired samples were collected from a small oceanic reef near Lee Stocking Island in the Bahamas. Seven of the fourteen corals were subjected to elevated temperatures for 28 d, followed by a recovery period lasting 53 d. Throughout the experiment, high-resolution (~400 <i>µ</i>m pixel<sup>-1</sup>) multispectral images of induced fluorescence were recorded at wavelengths corresponding to the green and orange host pigments, plus chlorophyll. These images revealed that the fluorescence of both host pigments was concentrated at polyp centers and declined by 70–90% in regions between polyps. Chlorophyll fluorescence, however, was distributed almost uniformly across the entire coral surface, but with decreases of 10–30% around polyp centers. A normalized difference ratio between the green and orange pigments (GO ratio) was developed to facilitate comparison with chlorophyll fluorescence as a bleaching indicator. Analysis showed a high correspondence between a sustained GO ratio of less than zero and the death of corals. Finally, this ratio was resistant to contamination from other sources of chlorophyll fluorescence, such as filamentous algae.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lo.2003.48.1_part_2.0412","usgsCitation":"Zawada, D., and Jaffe, J., 2003, Changes in the fluorescence of the Caribbean coral <i>Montastraea faveolata</i> during heat-induced bleaching: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 48, no. 1, p. 412-425, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.1_part_2.0412.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"412","endPage":"425","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.1_part_2.0412","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d1e4b0849ce97c86ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zawada, David G. 0000-0003-4547-4878 dzawada@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4547-4878","contributorId":1898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"David G.","email":"dzawada@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, J.S.","contributorId":55607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70195628,"text":"70195628 - 2003 - Late Eocene impacts: Geologic record, correlation, and paleoenvironmental consequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T14:24:04","indexId":"70195628","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Late Eocene impacts: Geologic record, correlation, and paleoenvironmental consequences","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present new magnetostratigraphic and stable isotopic (</span><span>\uD835\uDF39</span><span>18</span><span>C, \uD835\uDF39</span><span>13</span><span>C</span><span>carb</span><span>) data to help improve correlations among three late Eocene impact craters and their inferred breccia and ejecta deposits. Our analyses also shed light on potential global environmental consequences attributable to the impacts. The new data come from a continuously cored interval of the subsurface Chickahominy Formation, which lies conformably above the Chesapeake Bay impact crater in southeastern Virginia. The new magnetostratigraphic data indicate that the Chesapeake Bay impact took place in Chron C16n. 2n, the same magnetochron that encompasses the late Eocene ejecta layer at </span><span>Massignano, Italy. This correlation places both the Chesapeake Bay impact and the Massignano ejecta at ~35.6 Ma, and resolves a previous miscorrelation between these two sites based on planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils. The new magnetostratigraphic correlations also suggest that the published magnetostratigraphic framework for ejecta-bearing late Eocene strata ar ODP Site 689B (Maud Rise) is incorrect, due to an incomplete section.</span></p><p><span>New \uD835\uDF39</span><span>18</span><span>C data (single species of benthic foraminifera) from the same Chickahominy section ar Chesapeake Bay indicate that successional intervals of warm oceanic bottom-water may be characteristic of the late Eocene. We infer that the warm intervals correlate with successive episodes of greenhouse warming, triggered in part by a comer shower, which produced the Chesapeake Bay, Toms Canyon, Popigai, and presumably additional (as yet undiscovered) late Eocene impact craters.&nbsp;</span></p><p><span>We also demonstrate that a marked negative execution of \uD835\uDF39</span><span>13</span><span>C</span><span>carb</span><span> persists through the upper half of the Chickahominy Formation. This excursion, also recorded at Massigno, at Bath Cliff, Barbados, and at other widespread localities in the world ocean, may be additional evidence of global-scale, long-term environmental disturbances related to the bolide impacts. As such, this &nbsp;\uD835\uDF39</span><span>13</span><span>C signal may be useful for global subdivision of the late Eocene stratigraphic record.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"From Greenhouse to Icehouse","language":"English","publisher":"Columbia University Press","isbn":"9780231127165","usgsCitation":"Poag, C.W., Mankinen, E.A., and Norris, R.D., 2003, Late Eocene impacts: Geologic record, correlation, and paleoenvironmental consequences, chap. <i>of</i> From Greenhouse to Icehouse, p. 495-510.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"510","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351937,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cup.columbia.edu/book/from-greenhouse-to-icehouse/9780231127165"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff0903e4b0da30c1bfced6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poag, C. Wylie 0000-0002-6240-4065 wpoag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6240-4065","contributorId":2565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poag","given":"C.","email":"wpoag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wylie","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norris, Richard D.","contributorId":51651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187742,"text":"70187742 - 2003 - New mapping near Iron Creek, Talkeetna Mountains, indicates presence of Nikolai greenstone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T15:48:53","indexId":"70187742","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5404,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Professional Reports","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"DGGS PR 120","chapter":"J","title":"New mapping near Iron Creek, Talkeetna Mountains, indicates presence of Nikolai greenstone","docAbstract":"<p>Detailed geologic mapping in the Iron Creek area, Talkeetna Mountains B-5 Quadrangle, has documented several intrusive bodies and rock units not previously recognized and has extended the geologic history of the area through the Mesozoic and into the Tertiary era. Greenschist-facies metabasalt and metagabbro previously thought to be Paleozoic are intruded by Late Cretaceous to Paleocene dioritic to granitic plutons. The metabasalts are massive to amygdaloidal, commonly contain abundant magnetite, and large areas are patchily altered to epidote ± quartz. They host numerous copper oxide–copper sulfide–quartz–hematite veins and amygdule fillings. These lithologic features, recognized in the field, suggested a correlation of the metamafic rocks with the Late Triassic Nikolai Greenstone, which had not previously been mapped in the Iron Creek area. Thin, discontinuous metalimestones that overlie the metabasalt sequence had previously been assigned a Pennsylvanian(?) and Early Permian age on the basis of correlation with marbles to the north, which yielded Late Paleozoic or Permian macrofossils, or both. Three new samples from the metalimestones near Iron Creek yielded Late Triassic conodonts, which confirms the correlation of the underlying metamafic rocks with Nikolai Greenstone. These new data extend the occurrence of Nikolai Greenstone about 70 km southwest of its previously mapped extent.</p><p>Five to 10 km north of the conodont sample localities, numerous microgabbro and diabase sills intrude siliceous and locally calcareous metasedimentary rocks of uncertain age. These sills probably represent feeder zones to the Nikolai Greenstone. In the Mt. Hayes quadrangle 150 km to the northeast, large sill-form mafic and ultramafic feeders (for example, the Fish Lake complex) to the Nikolai Greenstone in the Amphitheatre Mountains host magmatic sulfide nickel–copper–platinum-group-element (PGE) mineralization. This new recognition of Nikolai Greenstone and possible magmatic feeders in the Iron Creek area suggests a much greater potential for large PGE, copper, or nickel deposits in the Talkeetna Mountains than previous mineral resource appraisals of the area have suggested, and requires reevaluation of large-scale tectonic models for the area.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Short Notes on Alaska Geology 2003 (DGGS PR 120)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","doi":"10.14509/2917","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, J.M., Werdon, M., and Wardlaw, B.R., 2003, New mapping near Iron Creek, Talkeetna Mountains, indicates presence of Nikolai greenstone: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Professional Reports DGGS PR 120, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.14509/2917.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"108","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Iron Creek, Talkeenta Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -147,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -147,\n              63\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              63\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              62\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fcee4b0a7fdb43ddf0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Jeanine M. jschmidt@usgs.gov","contributorId":3138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Jeanine","email":"jschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Werdon, Melanie B.","contributorId":53345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werdon","given":"Melanie B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wardlaw, Bruce R. bwardlaw@usgs.gov","contributorId":266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardlaw","given":"Bruce","email":"bwardlaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":76827,"text":"fs11903 - 2003 - Changes in streamflow timing in the western United States during recent decades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:23","indexId":"fs11903","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"119-03","title":"Changes in streamflow timing in the western United States during recent decades","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs11903","collaboration":"Contact originating office for copy","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M., 2003, Changes in streamflow timing in the western United States during recent decades (Revised): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 119-03, -, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11903.","productDescription":"-","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Revised","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6a70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":31743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221244,"text":"ds62G - 2003 - Global GIS database. Digital atlas of Europe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10T15:30:54.665979","indexId":"ds62G","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-30T09:29:35","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"62","chapter":"G","title":"Global GIS database. Digital atlas of Europe","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds62G","usgsCitation":"United States Geological Survey, 2003, Global GIS database. Digital atlas of Europe: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 62, CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds62G.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502698,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0062/USGS_DDS62G.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":386288,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Europe","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"United States Geological Survey","contributorId":128013,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"United States Geological Survey","id":817159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70201120,"text":"70201120 - 2003 - Athena Mars rover science investigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-29T14:18:06","indexId":"70201120","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-26T14:17:30","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Athena Mars rover science investigation","docAbstract":"<p><span>Each Mars Exploration Rover carries an integrated suite of scientific instruments and tools called the Athena science payload. The primary objective of the Athena science investigation is to explore two sites on the Martian surface where water may once have been present, and to assess past environmental conditions at those sites and their suitability for life. The remote sensing portion of the payload uses a mast called the Pancam Mast Assembly (PMA) that provides pointing for two instruments: the Panoramic Camera (Pancam), and the Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini‐TES). Pancam provides high‐resolution, color, stereo imaging, while Mini‐TES provides spectral cubes at mid‐infrared wavelengths. For in‐situ study, a five degree‐of‐freedom arm called the Instrument Deployment Device (IDD) carries four more tools: a Microscopic Imager (MI) for close‐up imaging, an Alpha Particle X‐Ray Spectrometer (APXS) for elemental chemistry, a Mössbauer Spectrometer (MB) for the mineralogy of Fe‐bearing materials, and a Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT) for removing dusty and weathered surfaces and exposing fresh rock underneath. The payload also includes magnets that allow the instruments to study the composition of magnetic Martian materials. All of the Athena instruments have undergone extensive calibration, both individually and using a set of geologic reference materials that are being measured with all the instruments. Using a MER‐like rover and payload in a number of field settings, we have devised operations processes that will enable us to use the MER rovers to formulate and test scientific hypotheses concerning past environmental conditions and habitability at the landing sites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2003JE002121","usgsCitation":"Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Baumgartner, E.T., Bell, J., Christensen, P.R., Gorevan, S., Herkenhoff, K.E., Klingelhofer, G., Madsen, M.B., Morris, R., Rieder, R., and Romero, R.A., 2003, Athena Mars rover science investigation: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 108, no. E12, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JE002121.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003je002121","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"108","issue":"E12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c0108d9e4b0815414cc2e11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Squyres, Steven W.","contributorId":10537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arvidson, Raymond E.","contributorId":106626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arvidson","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baumgartner, Eric T.","contributorId":210948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baumgartner","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7023,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bell, James F.","contributorId":174126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"James F.","affiliations":[{"id":27362,"text":"ASU SESE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christensen, Phillip R.","contributorId":18098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gorevan, Stephen","contributorId":210949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gorevan","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Klingelhofer, Gostar","contributorId":210950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klingelhofer","given":"Gostar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Madsen, Morten Bo","contributorId":210951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madsen","given":"Morten","email":"","middleInitial":"Bo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Morris, Richard V.","contributorId":167513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"Richard V.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rieder, Rudolf","contributorId":210953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rieder","given":"Rudolf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35015,"text":"Max Planck Institute of Chemistry, Hahn-Meitnerweg 155128 Mainz, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Romero, Raul A.","contributorId":210954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romero","given":"Raul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7023,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
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