In the face of accelerating climate change, advancing understanding of how extreme climatic events influence estuarine salinities can help to inform resource management. Extreme salinities driven by droughts, hurricanes, floods, and freshwater flow alterations can lead to ecological transformations in estuarine ecosystems. Here, we applied the Coastal Salinity Index (CSI; Conrads and Darby 2017) to 22 years (1998–2020) of salinity data in a Louisiana estuary (Barataria Estuary, USA) to elucidate the impacts of extreme events on estuarine salinities. The CSI is an index to quantify salinity patterns at a specific location through long-term averages and deviations from historical average conditions. We calculated and compared CSI values for four stations distributed along an estuarine salinity gradient. We identified 10 events between 1998 and 2020 that produced extreme salinities, including two droughts, four hurricanes, three floods, and one freshwater diversion. The droughts of 2000 and 2006 caused surface water salinities to increase substantially throughout the estuary. The effects of hurricanes were highly variable, with some storms leading to elevated salinities throughout the entire estuary (e.g., Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005), whereas other storms led to elevated salinities for some but not all stations (e.g., Hurricanes Gustav and Ike in 2008 or Hurricane Isaac in 2012). The opening of a freshwater river diversion in 2010 contributed to fresher conditions throughout the estuary and appeared to reduce or eliminate the increases in salinity that normally occur during the summer, although these effects were short-lived. Mississippi River floods in 2008, 2011, and 2019 reduced salinities throughout the estuary, but the effects were most pronounced in the lower estuary compared to the upper estuary. Collectively, our results advance understanding of the influence of extreme events on estuarine salinity regimes. Our analyses also highlight the value of the CSI for identifying periods with extreme salinities (i.e., extreme high or low salinities) via calculations that place salinity levels within and across estuaries within a historical context.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108445","usgsCitation":"Feher, L., Osland, M., and Swarzenski, C., 2023, Estuarine salinity extremes: Using the Coastal Salinity Index to quantify the role of droughts, floods, hurricanes, and freshwater flow alteration: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 291, 108445, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108445.","productDescription":"108445, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-149499","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108445","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419561,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Barataria Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.75,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -90.75,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -90.75,\n 30\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"291","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feher, Laura 0000-0002-5983-6190","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-6190","contributorId":221894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feher","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osland, Michael 0000-0001-9902-8692","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9902-8692","contributorId":222814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osland","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swarzenski, Christopher 0000-0001-9843-1471","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-1471","contributorId":300309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":12545,"text":"USGS retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70247958,"text":"70247958 - 2023 - Comparison of co-recorded analog and digital systems for characterization of responses and uncertainties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-06T16:37:01.511863","indexId":"70247958","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-28T08:20:03","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of co-recorded analog and digital systems for characterization of responses and uncertainties","docAbstract":"One of the most prominent challenges related to legacy seismic data is determining how these data can be appropriately used in modern research applications. The wide variety of instrumentation used in the analog era, the format of recording on paper wrapped around a helicorder drum, and limited metadata information introduces ambiguities that are not typical of modern digital data. Therefore, techniques must be developed to help characterize uncertainties in legacy data. This article presents an analysis that compares corecorded signals from two instruments—a Trillium Compact or Press‐Ewing (PE) seismometer for sensing ground motion and two recording systems: a modern Q330 digitizer or heated‐stylus system. Analyses of the recordings in both time and frequency domains indicate time uncertainty on the order of one second, identify a flat response in a 10–60 s band for the PE and drum recorder, and highlight how specific features of scans and paper seismograms (e.g., repeated portions of scans and line thickness) can cause timing jumps or reduced trace amplitude.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220230129","usgsCitation":"Lee, T., Ringler, A.T., Anthony, R.E., and Ishii, M., 2023, Comparison of co-recorded analog and digital systems for characterization of responses and uncertainties: Seismological Research Letters, v. 94, no. 5, p. 2301-2312, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230129.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2301","endPage":"2312","ipdsId":"IP-154154","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420230,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Thomas A.","contributorId":328830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Thomas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":881246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":3946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anthony, Robert 0000-0001-7089-8846 reanthony@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-8846","contributorId":202829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Robert","email":"reanthony@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ishii, Miaki","contributorId":140929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ishii","given":"Miaki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13619,"text":"Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70255044,"text":"70255044 - 2023 - Return(s) on investment: Restoration spending in the Columbia River Basin and increased abundance of salmon and steelhead","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-13T11:27:19.369957","indexId":"70255044","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-28T06:25:32","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Return(s) on investment: Restoration spending in the Columbia River Basin and increased abundance of salmon and steelhead","docAbstract":"The decline in salmon and steelhead populations in the Columbia River Basin has been well documented, as have the decades-long, $9 billion restoration spending efforts by federal and state agencies. These efforts are mainly tied to Endangered Species Act (ESA) mandates for recovery of wild, naturally-spawning threatened or endangered fish species. The impact of these efforts remains poorly understood; many observers, including the federal courts, have long been concerned by the lack of evidence of recovery. Most studies evaluating restoration efforts have examined individual projects for specific species, reaches, or life stages, which limits the ability to make broad inferences at the basin level. There is a need to ask: is there evidence of an overall increase in wild fish abundance associated with the totality of these recovery efforts? To that end, the current study estimates fixed-effects panel regression models of adult returns of four species. Results indicate that restoration spending combined with hatchery production are associated with substantial increases in returning adult fish. Evidence of benefits to wild fish alone, however, require indirect approaches given the commingling of restoration spending with spending on hatchery releases, the impacts of spending on hatchery fish survival, and the density dependence effects of hatchery releases. To accomplish this, the models’ predicted adult returns (both hatchery and wild fish) attributed to both spending and hatchery releases are compared to independent estimates of returning hatchery fish based on hatchery survival estimates (smolt-to-adult ratios). The comparison finds the model-predicted levels of adult returns due to spending and hatchery releases do not exceed the survival-rate based estimates for hatcheries alone, so that we are unable to reject the hypothesis of no benefits to wild fish from the restoration spending.
In the Lower Missouri River, extensive channel modifications have altered hydraulic and morphologic conditions and reduced the river's ecological integrity. One species that has been adversely affected by these changes is the pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus). Mainstem dams on the Missouri River restrict the upstream migration of adults and limit the downstream dispersal of larvae. Channelization to facilitate commercial barge traffic has also simplified the river. The self-dredging navigation channel is a highly efficient conduit for transporting sand, which has resulted in diminished rearing habitat along the lower river. Recently, a series of experimental projects was implemented to reengineer selected bends of the Lower Missouri River with the goal of increasing the interception and retention of passively drifting age-0 sturgeon into habitats more conducive to rearing. Here, we evaluate the hydraulic performance of one of these rehabilitation projects to gain insight on the implications of these interventions for age-0 pallid sturgeon dispersal. We conducted a dye-trace experiment and complementary hydraulic and particle-tracking modeling to examine the spatial and temporal patterns of passive dispersal in and around the rehabilitated study reach. Results from both the dye-trace experiment and particle-tracking model highlight the presence of several interception pathways from the navigation channel into more suitable rearing habitat on channel margins. Moreover, our results indicate that residence times within the rearing habitat are increased in comparison to the main channel. Although we cannot provide biological evaluation at this time to assess whether the rehabilitated study bend intercepts passively drifting age-0 pallid sturgeon, our analysis shows that hydraulic conditions within the rehabilitated bend would favor interception and retention of passively drifting particles (or, presumably, larvae) from the navigation channel and into slower moving, shallow-water habitat. Moreover, our particle-tracking model provides a new capability to explore important biological transport processes across a range of flows, organisms, and river environments.
We investigate the utility of towed underwater camera systems with tightly coupled Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positions to provide reef-scale bathymetric models with millimeter to centimeter resolutions and accuracies with Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry. Successful development of these techniques would allow for detailed assessments of benthic conditions, including the accretion and erosion of reefs and adjacent sediment deposits, without the need for ground control points. We use a multi-camera system towed by a small vessel to map over 70,000 m2 of complex shallow (2–8 m water depth) bedrock reef, boulder fields, and fine (sand and gravel) sediments of Lake Tahoe, California. We find that multiple synchronized cameras increase overall mapping coverage and allow for wider survey line spacing. The accuracy of the techniques was sub-millimeter for local length measurements less than a meter, and the bathymetric reproducibility was found to scale with the accuracy of GNSS (3–5 cm), although this could be improved to sub-centimeter with the inclusion of one or more co-registered, but unsurveyed, control points. For future applications, we provide guidance on conducting field operations, correcting underwater image color, and optimizing the SfM workflows. We conclude that a GNSS-coupled underwater camera array is a promising technique to map shallow reefs at high accuracy and resolution without ground control.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs15153727","usgsCitation":"Hatcher, G., Warrick, J.A., Kranenburg, C.J., and Ritchie, A.C., 2023, Accurate maps of reef-scale bathymetry with synchronized underwater cameras and GNSS: Remote Sensing, v. 15, no. 15, 3727, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15153727.","productDescription":"3727, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153460","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15153727","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419399,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.0917,\n 39.1875\n ],\n [\n -120.1047,\n 39.1875\n ],\n [\n -120.1047,\n 39.175\n ],\n [\n -120.0917,\n 39.175\n ],\n [\n -120.0917,\n 39.1875\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatcher, Gerald A. 0000-0001-7705-1509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7705-1509","contributorId":67586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Gerald A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":879227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":167736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kranenburg, Christine J. 0000-0002-2955-0167 ckranenburg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-0167","contributorId":169234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kranenburg","given":"Christine","email":"ckranenburg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ritchie, Andrew C. aritchie@usgs.gov","contributorId":4984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritchie","given":"Andrew","email":"aritchie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249842,"text":"70249842 - 2023 - A one-dimensional volcanic plume model for predicting ash aggregation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-02T14:38:16.632909","indexId":"70249842","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-26T09:34:34","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A one-dimensional volcanic plume model for predicting ash aggregation","docAbstract":"During explosive volcanic eruptions, volcanic ash is ejected into the atmosphere, impacting aircraft safety and downwind communities. These volcanic clouds tend to be dominated by fine ash (<63 μm in diameter), permitting transport over hundreds to thousands of kilometers. However, field observations show that much of this fine ash aggregates into clusters or pellets with faster settling velocities than individual particles. Models of ash transport and deposition require an understanding of aggregation processes, which depend on factors like moisture content and local particle collision rates. In this study, we develop a Plume Model for Aggregate Prediction, a one-dimensional (1D) volcanic plume model that predicts the plume rise height, concentration of water phases, and size distribution of resulting ash aggregates from a set of eruption source parameters. The plume model uses a control volume approach to solve mass, momentum, and energy equations along the direction of the plume axis. The aggregation equation is solved using a fixed pivot technique and incorporates a sticking efficiency model developed from analog laboratory experiments of particle aggregation within a novel turbulence tower. When applied to the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, the 1D model predicts that the majority of the plume is over-saturated with water, leading to a high rate of aggregation. Although the mean grain size of the computed Redoubt aggregates is larger than the measured deposits, with a peak at 1 mm rather than 500 μm, the present results provide a quantitative estimate for the magnitude of aggregation in an eruption.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023JB027002","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.W., Mastin, L.G., Van Eaton, A.R., Solovitz, S.A., Cal, R., and Eaton, J.K., 2023, A one-dimensional volcanic plume model for predicting ash aggregation: JGR Solid Earth, v. 128, no. 9, e2023JB027002, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JB027002.","productDescription":"e2023JB027002, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151689","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442639,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jb027002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UFXP7T","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"plumeria PMAP software release 1.0.3"},{"id":422335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, Davis W. 0000-0002-2621-0570","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2621-0570","contributorId":331319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Davis","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":265985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Eaton, Alexa R. 0000-0001-6646-4594 avaneaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-4594","contributorId":184079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Eaton","given":"Alexa","email":"avaneaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solovitz, Stephen A. 0000-0001-7019-2958","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7019-2958","contributorId":257659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solovitz","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":52077,"text":"Washington State University, Vancouver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cal, Raul B.","contributorId":257658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cal","given":"Raul B.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eaton, John K. 0000-0001-6241-4266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6241-4266","contributorId":331320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eaton","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70250118,"text":"70250118 - 2023 - A genome assembly for the southern Pacific rattlesnake, Crotalus oreganus helleri, in the western rattlesnake species complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-21T12:40:57.336466","indexId":"70250118","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-26T06:39:36","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2333,"text":"Journal of Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A genome assembly for the southern Pacific rattlesnake, Crotalus oreganus helleri, in the western rattlesnake species complex","docAbstract":"Rattlesnakes play important roles in their ecosystems by regulating prey populations, are involved in complex coevolutionary dynamics with their prey, and exhibit a variety of unusual adaptations, including maternal care, heat-sensing pit organs, hinged fangs, and medically-significant venoms. The western rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus) is one of the widest ranging rattlesnake species, with a distribution from British Columbia, where it is listed as threatened, to Baja California and east across the Great Basin to western Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico. Here, we report a new reference genome assembly for one of six currently recognized subspecies, C. oreganus helleri, as part of the California Conservation Genomics Project (CCGP). Consistent with the reference genomic sequencing strategy of the CCGP, we used Pacific Biosciences HiFi long reads and Hi-C chromatin-proximity sequencing technology to produce a de novo assembled genome. The assembly comprises a total of 698 scaffolds spanning 1,564,812,557 base pairs, has a contig N50 of 64.7 Mb, a scaffold N50 of 110.8 Mb, and BUSCO complete score of 90.5%. This reference genome will be valuable for studies on the genomic basis of venom evolution and variation within Crotalus, in resolving the taxonomy of C. oreganus and its relatives, and for the conservation and management of rattlesnakes in general.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad045","usgsCitation":"Westeen, E.P., Escalona, M., Holding, M., Beraut, E., Fairbairn, C., Marimuthu, M.P., Nguyen, O., Perri, R., Fisher, R., Toffelmier, E., Shaffer, H., and Wang, I.J., 2023, A genome assembly for the southern Pacific rattlesnake, Crotalus oreganus helleri, in the western rattlesnake species complex: Journal of Heredity, v. 114, no. 6, p. 681-689, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esad045.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"681","endPage":"689","ipdsId":"IP-153896","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esad045","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":422778,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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A.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nguyen, Oanh","contributorId":299348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nguyen","given":"Oanh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Perri, Ralph","contributorId":331678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perri","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79263,"text":"Fillmore, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Toffelmier, Erin","contributorId":299356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toffelmier","given":"Erin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Shaffer, H. Bradley","contributorId":247762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaffer","given":"H. Bradley","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wang, Ian J.","contributorId":315485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70247926,"text":"70247926 - 2023 - Spatio-temporal variability in the strength, directionality, and relative importance of climate on occupancy and population densities in a philopatric mammal, the American pika (Ochotona princeps)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-24T13:18:36.766188","indexId":"70247926","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-25T08:09:23","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Spatio-temporal variability in the strength, directionality, and relative importance of climate on occupancy and population densities in a philopatric mammal, the American pika (Ochotona princeps)","title":"Spatio-temporal variability in the strength, directionality, and relative importance of climate on occupancy and population densities in a philopatric mammal, the American pika (Ochotona princeps)","docAbstract":"Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely employed to evaluate species–environment relationships. However, when extrapolated over broad spatial scales or through time, these models decline in their predictive ability due to variation in how species respond to their environment. Many models assume species–environment relationships remain constant over space and time, hindering their ability to accurately forecast distributions. Therefore, there is growing recognition that models could be improved by accounting for spatio-temporal nonstationarity – a phenomenon wherein the factors governing ecological processes change over space or time. Here, we investigated nonstationarity in American pika (Ochotona princeps) relationships with climatic variables in the Rocky Mountains (USA). We first compared broad-scale differences in pika–climate patterns for occupancy and population density across the Southern, Central, and Northern Rockies. Next, we investigated within-ecoregion variation across four mountain ranges nested within the Northern Rockies. Lastly, we tested whether species–climate relationships changed over time within the Central Rockies ecoregion. Across all analyses, we found varying levels of nonstationarity among the climate metrics for both occupancy and density. Although we found general congruence in temperature metrics, which consistently had negative coefficients, and moisture metrics (e.g., relative humidity), which had positive coefficients, nonstationarity was greatest for summer and winter precipitation over both space and time. These results suggest that interpretations from one ecoregion should not be applied to other regions universally – especially when using precipitation metrics. The within-ecoregion analysis found much greater variation in the strength-of-relationship coefficients among the four mountain ranges, relative to the inter-regional analysis, possibly attributable to smaller sample sizes per mountain range. Lastly, the importance of several variables shifted through time from significant to insignificant in the temporal analysis. Our results collectively reveal the overall complexity underlying species–environment relationships. With rapidly shifting conditions globally, this work adds to the growing body of literature highlighting how issues of spatio-temporal nonstationarity can limit the accuracy, transferability, and reliability of models and that interpretations will likely be most robust at local to regional scales. Diagnosing, describing, and incorporating nonstationarity of species–climate relationships into models over space and time could serve as a pivotal step in creating more informative models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2023.1202610","usgsCitation":"Billman, P.D., Beever, E.A., Westover, M.L., and Ryals, D., 2023, Spatio-temporal variability in the strength, directionality, and relative importance of climate on occupancy and population densities in a philopatric mammal, the American pika (Ochotona princeps): Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, 1202610, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1202610.","productDescription":"1202610, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152205","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442659,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1202610","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WB1EWC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Climatic data associated with American-pika survey (2011-2021) locations in 3 regions of the Rocky Mountains"},{"id":420114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Billman, Peter D.","contributorId":311242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Billman","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":67370,"text":"University of Connecticut, Dept. of Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westover, Marie L.","contributorId":274853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Westover","given":"Marie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":48790,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ryals, Dylan K.","contributorId":328675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryals","given":"Dylan K.","affiliations":[{"id":78450,"text":"Dept. of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70247704,"text":"70247704 - 2023 - Accuracy of finite fault slip estimates in subduction zone regions with topographic Green's functions and seafloor geodesy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-14T12:25:52.922387","indexId":"70247704","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-25T07:24:37","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7167,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy of finite fault slip estimates in subduction zone regions with topographic Green's functions and seafloor geodesy","docAbstract":"Until recently, the lack of seafloor geodetic instrumentation and the use of unrealistically simple, half-space based forward models have resulted in poor resolution of near-trench slip in subduction zone settings. Here, we use a synthetic framework to investigate the impact of topography and geodetic data distribution on coseismic slip estimates in various subduction zone settings. We calculate surface displacements in two synthetic topographic domains that have topography similar to that of Chile and Japan, respectively. We then attempt to image target slip distributions by using a Bayesian approach to solve for slip with two sets of Green's functions—one that accounts for topography and one that does not—and five sets of 50 or more observation points selected from the synthetic surface displacements. Three of these sets of observation points are entirely onland, and two include 5–10 seafloor geodetic sites. We find that the use of topographic Green's functions always improves inferred slip models, and with seafloor geodetic data, it enables an almost perfect recovery of a target slip model, even in the near-trench region. Critically, our results demonstrate that it would be impossible for non-topographic Green's functions to properly recover the true slip distribution, particularly in the near-trench region. We also perform a parameter study with approximately 4,000 slip models estimated using a least-square approach, and find that topographic Green's functions yield significantly more accurate slip models in cases where good data (well distributed and reasonably dense) are available, even in the absence of seafloor geodetic sites.
The geographic range of the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) has rapidly been expanding within the United States for the last 150 years. One of the factors contributing to this astounding range expansion is the species’ ability to survive in and colonize human-dominated areas. Despite the fact that armadillos live alongside humans in numerous towns and cities across the Southeastern, Southcentral, and now Midwestern United States, we know relatively little about the behavior and ecology of armadillos in human-developed areas. Here, we used motion-triggered game cameras in over 115 residential yards in the rapidly developing Northwest corner of Arkansas to survey armadillos in a largely suburban environment. Our objectives were to explore trends in armadillo occupancy and daily activity patterns in a suburban setting. We documented armadillos in approximately 84% of the yards surveyed indicating that the species was widespread throughout the environment. We found that the species was more likely to occupy yards surrounded by a high proportion of forest cover. We found no relationship between armadillo occupancy and other land cover or development covariates. Only 2% of nearly 2000 armadillo detections occurred during the day indicating that the species is almost exclusively nocturnal during the summer months when living near humans in the suburban environment, which we suggest is likely an adaptation to avoid contact with humans and their dogs. As the armadillo continues to expand its geographic range to areas where it has not previously occurred, understanding how human development supports and facilitates the spread of this species can elucidate areas where conflict between humans and armadillos might occur allowing for preemptive management or education to mitigate conflict.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/d15080907","usgsCitation":"DeGregorio, B.A., McElroy, M.R., and Johansson, E.P., 2023, Occupancy and activity patterns of nine-banded Armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) in a suburban environment: Diversity, v. 15, no. 8, p. 907-915, https://doi.org/10.3390/d15080907.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"907","endPage":"915","ipdsId":"IP-153925","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d15080907","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"northwest Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.63362649934824,\n 36.51285511036747\n ],\n [\n -94.63362649934824,\n 35.53149848763729\n ],\n [\n -92.91995398236419,\n 35.53149848763729\n ],\n [\n -92.91995398236419,\n 36.51285511036747\n ],\n [\n -94.63362649934824,\n 36.51285511036747\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeGregorio, Brett Alexander 0000-0002-5273-049X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-049X","contributorId":243214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGregorio","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McElroy, Matthew R.","contributorId":341036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McElroy","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":81694,"text":"Northeastern State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johansson, Emily P.","contributorId":328877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johansson","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":78513,"text":"University of Arkansas, Dept of Biological Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70247286,"text":"70247286 - 2023 - Shallow and local or deep and regional? Inferring source groundwater characteristics across mainstem riverbank discharge faces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-26T14:22:20.475034","indexId":"70247286","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-20T09:10:27","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow and local or deep and regional? Inferring source groundwater characteristics across mainstem riverbank discharge faces","docAbstract":"Riverbank groundwater discharge faces are spatially extensive areas of preferential seepage that are exposed to air at low river flow. Some conceptual hydrologic models indicate discharge faces represent the spatial convergence of highly variable age and length groundwater flowpaths, while others indicate greater consistency in source groundwater characteristics. Our detailed field investigation of preferential discharge points nested across mainstem riverbank discharge faces was accomplished by: (1) leveraging new temperature-based recursive estimation (extended Kalman Filter) modelling methodology to evaluate seasonal, diurnal, and event-driven groundwater flux patterns, (2) developing a multi-parameter toolkit based on readily measured attributes to classify the general source groundwater flowpath depth and flowpath length scale, and, (3) assessing whether preferential flow points across discharge faces tend to represent common or convergent groundwater sources. Five major groundwater discharge faces were mapped along the Farmington River, CT, United States using thermal infrared imagery. We then installed vertical temperature profilers directly into 39 preferential discharge points for 4.5 months to track vertical discharge flux patterns. Monthly water chemistry was also collected at the discharge points along with one spatial synoptic of stable isotopes of water and dissolved radon gas. We found pervasive evidence of shallow groundwater sources at the upstream discharge faces along a wide valley section with deep bedrock, as primarily evidenced by pronounced diurnal discharge flux patterns. Discharge flux seasonal trends and bank storage transitions during large river flow events provided further indication of shallow, local sources. In contrast, downstream discharge faces associated with near surface cross cutting bedrock exhibited deep and regional source flowpath characteristics such as more stable discharge patterns and temperatures. However, many neighbouring points across discharge faces had similar discharge flux patterns that differed in chloride and radon concentrations, indicating the additional effects of localized flowpath heterogeneity overprinting on larger scale flowpath characteristics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.14939","usgsCitation":"Haynes, A., Briggs, M., Moore, E., Jackson, K., Knighton, J., Rey, D., and Helton, A., 2023, Shallow and local or deep and regional? Inferring source groundwater characteristics across mainstem riverbank discharge faces: Hydrological Processes, v. 37, no. 7, e14939, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14939.","productDescription":"e14939, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151076","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14939","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Farmington River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.716667,\n 41.933\n ],\n [\n -72.8333,\n 41.933\n ],\n [\n -72.8333,\n 41.7833\n ],\n [\n -72.716667,\n 41.7833\n ],\n [\n -72.716667,\n 41.933\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haynes, Adam","contributorId":216657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":222759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Eric","contributorId":216658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackson, Kevin","contributorId":317715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knighton, James","contributorId":317716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knighton","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rey, David M. 0000-0003-2629-365X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-365X","contributorId":211848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rey","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Helton, Ashley","contributorId":219741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helton","given":"Ashley","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70250978,"text":"70250978 - 2023 - Turbulence near a sandbar island in the lower Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-17T13:21:41.540645","indexId":"70250978","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-19T07:19:38","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Turbulence near a sandbar island in the lower Missouri River","docAbstract":"River turbulence is spatially variable due to interactions between morphology of rivers and physical mechanics of flowing water. Understanding the variation of turbulence in rivers is important for characterizing transport processes of soluble and particulate materials in these systems. We present an exploratory effort to understand ecologically relevant flow patterns using measurements of mean flow and turbulence in a highly engineered river channel around an island in the lower Missouri River. Specifically, the profiles of mean river velocities were investigated to examine the logarithmic relation and associated parameters, including shear velocity and bed roughness. Turbulence intensity and Reynolds shear stress were compared with classic open-channel profiles and previously reported river data in the hydraulics literature. With the capability of pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler velocity profiling in high spatial resolution, we estimated the profiles of turbulence dissipation rate using resolved one-dimensional velocity spectra. These measurement data allow us to examine the validity of turbulence production-dissipation balance and the classic open-channel profiles of turbulence statistics, including turbulence intensity, Reynolds shear stress, dissipation rate, and eddy viscosity. The field data show a strong variation of turbulence profiles in close vicinity of the river island. In shallow water depths close to the island, turbulence is substantially enhanced in comparison with classic open-channel profiles. Such turbulence enhancement is likely attributed to non-uniformity of the flow structures.
Reducing the potential for loss of life from local tsunamis is challenging for emergency managers given the need for self-protective behavior of at-risk individuals within brief windows of time to evacuate. There has been considerable attention paid to discussing the use of tsunami vertical-evacuation structures for areas where there may be insufficient time to evacuate. This strategy may not be feasible or needed for at-risk populations in island communities for multiple reasons. We examine the influence of three non-structural interventions (reducing departure delays, increasing travel speeds, and managing vegetation to create new paths) that may improve the evacuation potential for at-risk individuals in island communities and use the United States territory of Guam as our case study. We model pedestrian travel times out of a modeled inundation zone for a local tsunami generated by a Mw 8.3 earthquake within the Mariana subduction zone. Evacuation-modeling results indicate that reducing departure delays has a larger impact than increasing travel speeds or creating evacuation corridors through heavy brush on reducing the number of at-risk individuals with insufficient time to evacuate. Travel times to safety are less than wave-arrival times for almost all at-risk individuals in the tsunami-hazard zone if one assumes all three interventions are implemented.
Steep landscapes evolve largely by debris flows, in addition to fluvial and hillslope processes. Abundant field observations document that debris flows incise valley bottoms and transport substantial sediment volumes, yet their contributions to steepland morphology remain uncertain. This has, in turn, limited the development of debris-flow incision rate formulations that produce morphology consistent with natural landscapes. In many landscapes, including the San Gabriel Mountains (SGM), California, steady-state fluvial channel longitudinal profiles are concave-up and exhibit a power-law relationship between channel slope and drainage area. At low drainage areas, however, valley slopes become nearly constant. These topographic forms result in a characteristically curved slope-area signature in log-log space. Here, we use a one-dimensional landform evolution model that incorporates debris-flow erosion to reproduce the relationship between this curved slope-area signature and erosion rate in the SGM. Topographic analysis indicates that the drainage area at which steepland valleys transition to fluvial channels correlates with measured erosion rates in the SGM, and our model results reproduce these relationships. Further, the model only produces realistic valley profiles when parameters that dictate the relationship between debris-flow erosion, valley-bottom slope, and debris-flow depth are within a narrow range. This result helps place constraints on the mathematical form of a debris-flow incision law. Finally, modeled fluvial incision outpaces debris-flow erosion at drainage areas less than those at which valleys morphologically transition from near-invariant slopes to concave profiles. This result emphasizes the critical role of debris-flow incision for setting steepland form, even as fluvial incision becomes the dominant incisional process.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2022JF007017","usgsCitation":"Struble, W., McGuire, L.A., McCoy, S., Barnhart, K.R., and Marc, O., 2023, Debris-flow process controls on steepland morphology in the San Gabriel Mountains, California: JGR Earth Surface, v. 128, no. 7, e2022JF007017, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JF007017.","productDescription":"e2022JF007017, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147440","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022jf007017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Gabriel Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.01260424279738,\n 34.14566760098988\n ],\n [\n -117.67000792883225,\n 34.147752407886856\n ],\n [\n -117.3853506973756,\n 34.19777233450243\n ],\n [\n -117.11076982809459,\n 34.09144456704166\n ],\n [\n -116.9344334900242,\n 33.94110717551865\n ],\n [\n -116.67244800052214,\n 33.974538472354965\n ],\n [\n -116.69511981541675,\n 34.30812790101858\n ],\n [\n -117.29718245539995,\n 34.32893347252433\n ],\n [\n -117.75313784383901,\n 34.445349311566275\n ],\n [\n -118.02268053203237,\n 34.51387565376443\n ],\n [\n -118.46855955829582,\n 34.40586922676006\n ],\n [\n -118.51390318808532,\n 34.34141433967626\n ],\n [\n -118.01260424279738,\n 34.14566760098988\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"128","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Struble, William 0000-0002-8163-5088","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8163-5088","contributorId":241913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Struble","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":878951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Luke A. 0000-0001-8178-7922 lmcguire@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-7922","contributorId":203420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"Luke","email":"lmcguire@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":878952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCoy, Scott W.","contributorId":267182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCoy","given":"Scott W.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":878953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhart, Katherine R. 0000-0001-5682-455X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-455X","contributorId":257870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":878954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marc, Odin","contributorId":198732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marc","given":"Odin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70246570,"text":"70246570 - 2023 - Lake sturgeon population trends in the St. Clair–Detroit River System, 2001–2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-20T16:20:24.267694","indexId":"70246570","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-13T09:45:55","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake sturgeon population trends in the St. Clair–Detroit River System, 2001–2019","docAbstract":"Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens are listed as threatened or endangered in 15 states or provinces within their native range. Accordingly, investments in habitat and population restoration for this species have increased throughout the Great Lakes. To aide evaluation of restoration efficacy, robust population parameters are needed to inform management decisions. The St. Clair – Detroit River System (SCDRS) contains one of the largest self-sustaining Lake Sturgeon populations in the Great Lakes; however recent estimates of population abundance and growth parameters have not been assessed. Our study used baited setline and mark-recapture data collected between 2001 – 2019 to estimate whether the number of Lake Sturgeon captured varied annually and/or with water temperature and whether population abundance and population growth rate varied among three sub-populations located in the SCDRS. Trends in the number of Lake Sturgeon captured on setlines varied among sub-populations and by life stage. Annual trends in the number of Lake Sturgeon captured remained consistent over time in the upper St. Clair River, decreased for adults and increased for subadults in the lower St. Clair River, and increased in the Detroit River. With sub-population abundance of 20,184 (95% CI = 12,533 – 27,816) in the upper St. Clair River/southern Lake Huron, 6,523 (95% CI = 5,720 – 7,327) in the lower St. Clair River, and 6,416 (95% CI = 4,065 – 8,767) in the Detroit River, our study confirms that the SCDRS contains the largest Lake Sturgeon population with unimpeded access to the Great Lakes. The geometric mean population growth rate (λ) for all sub-populations indicated stable populations and ranged from 1.00 – 1.16. Our study provides an updated assessment of Lake Sturgeon population parameters that serve as a baseline to evaluate habitat restoration efforts and inform management of the SCDRS recreational Lake Sturgeon fishery.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10917","usgsCitation":"Chiotti, J., Boase, J., Briggs, A.S., Davis, C., Drouin, R., Hondorp, D.W., Mohr, L., Roseman, E., Thomas, M.V., and Wills, T.C., 2023, Lake sturgeon population trends in the St. Clair–Detroit River System, 2001–2019: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 4, p. 1066-1080, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10917.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1066","endPage":"1080","ipdsId":"IP-137433","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442766,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10917","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418800,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Michigan, Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.37937675719795,\n 41.841019809758876\n ],\n [\n -82.98007655844503,\n 41.97565564942232\n ],\n [\n -82.98651225027805,\n 42.20799521065484\n ],\n [\n -82.38332005697309,\n 42.350470301178746\n ],\n [\n -82.40688308860425,\n 42.584079482850626\n ],\n [\n -82.3163144315291,\n 43.00425817508719\n ],\n [\n -82.6321265850878,\n 43.08619329541759\n ],\n [\n -83.04444510888004,\n 42.572640973304175\n ],\n [\n -83.32788082965169,\n 42.08612558362202\n ],\n [\n -83.37937675719795,\n 41.841019809758876\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiotti, Justin A.","contributorId":26629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chiotti","given":"Justin A.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":877240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boase, James C.","contributorId":38077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boase","given":"James C.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":877241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Andrew S 0000-0002-0268-9310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0268-9310","contributorId":215596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briggs","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":36986,"text":"Michigan Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":877242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Chris","contributorId":316266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":877243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Drouin, Richard","contributorId":70288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drouin","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6780,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":877244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hondorp, Darryl W. 0000-0002-5182-1963 dhondorp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5182-1963","contributorId":5376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hondorp","given":"Darryl","email":"dhondorp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mohr, Lloyd","contributorId":34001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohr","given":"Lloyd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":877246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. 0000-0002-5315-9838","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-9838","contributorId":217909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Thomas, Michael V.","contributorId":195401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":877248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wills, Todd C.","contributorId":195402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wills","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":877249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70246685,"text":"70246685 - 2023 - Minimal shift of eastern wild turkey nesting phenology associated with projected climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-26T14:50:52.169626","indexId":"70246685","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-12T06:57:02","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":12584,"text":"Climate Change Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Minimal shift of eastern wild turkey nesting phenology associated with projected climate change","docAbstract":"Climate change may induce mismatches between wildlife reproductive phenology and temporal occurrence of resources necessary for reproductive success. Verifying and elucidating the causal mechanisms behind potential mismatches requires large-scale, longer-duration data. We used eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) nesting data collected across the southeastern U.S. over eight years to investigate potential climatic drivers of variation in nest initiation dates. We investigated climactic relationships with two datasets, one inclusive of successful and unsuccessful nests (full dataset) and another of just successful nests (successfully hatched dataset), to determine whether successfully hatched nests responded differently to weather changes than all nests did. In the full dataset, each 10 cm increase in January precipitation was associated with nesting occurring 0.46-0.66 days earlier, and each 10 cm increase in precipitation during the 30 days preceding nesting was associated with nesting occurring 0.17-0.21 days later. In the successfully hatched dataset, a 10 cm increase in March precipitation was associated with nesting occurring 0.67-0.74 days earlier, and an increase of one unit of variation in February maximum temperature was associated with nesting occurring 0.02 days later. We combined the results of these modeled relationships with multiple climate scenarios to understand potential implications of future climate change on wild turkey nesting phenology; results indicated that mean nest initiation date is projected to change by <0.1 day by 2040-2060. Wild turkey nesting phenology did not track changes in spring green-up timing, which could result in phenological mismatch between the timing of nesting and the availability of resources critical for successful reproduction.
Coordinated wildlife disease surveillance (WDS) can help professionals across disciplines effectively safeguard human, animal, and environmental health. The aims of this study were to understand how WDS in Thailand is utilized, valued, and can be improved within a One Health framework. An online questionnaire was distributed to 183 professionals (55.7% response rate) across Thailand working in wildlife, marine animal, livestock, domestic animal, zoo animal, environmental, and public health sectors. Twelve semi-structured interviews with key professionals were then performed. Three-quarters of survey respondents reported using WDS data and information. Sectors agreed upon ranking disease control (76.5% of respondents) as the most beneficial outcome of WDS, while fostering new ideas through collaboration was valued by few participants (2.0%). Accessing data collected by ones own sector was identified as the most challenging (50%) yet least difficult to improve (88.3%). Having legal authority to conduct WDS was the second most frequently identified challenge. Interviewees explained that legal documentation required for crossinstitutional collaborations posed a barrier to efficient communication and use of human resources. Survey respondents identified allocation of human resources (75.5%), adequate budget (71.6%), and having a clear communication system between sectors (71.6%) as highest priority areas for improvement to WDS in Thailand. Authorization from administrative officials and support from local community members were identified as challenges during in-person interviews. Future outreach should be directed towards these groups. As 42.9% of marine health professionals had difficulty knowing whom to contact in other sectors and 28.4% of survey respondents indicated that communication with marine health professionals was not applicable to their work, connecting the marine sector with other sectors may be prioritized. This study identifies priorities for addressing current challenges in the establishment of a general WDS system and information management system in Thailand while presenting a model for such evaluation in other regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100600","usgsCitation":"George, S.E., Smink, M., Sangkachai, N., Wiratsudakul, A., Sakcamduang, W., Suwanpakdee, S., and Sleeman, J.M., 2023, Stakeholder attitudes and perspectives on wildlife disease surveillance as a component of a One Health approach in Thailand: One Health Newsletter, v. 17, 100600, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100600.","productDescription":"100600, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154964","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442811,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100600","text":"Publisher Index 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Serena Elise","contributorId":317781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"George","given":"Serena","email":"","middleInitial":"Elise","affiliations":[{"id":69152,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smink, Moniek","contributorId":317782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smink","given":"Moniek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69153,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Computer Sciences,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sangkachai, Nareerat","contributorId":317783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sangkachai","given":"Nareerat","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69154,"text":"Thailand National Wildlife Health Center, Faculty of Veterinary Science & The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiratsudakul, Anuwat","contributorId":317784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiratsudakul","given":"Anuwat","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69155,"text":"Thailand National Wildlife Health Center, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals & Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sakcamduang, Walasinee","contributorId":317785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sakcamduang","given":"Walasinee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69156,"text":"Thailand National Wildlife Health Center, Faculty of Veterinary Science & Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Suwanpakdee, Sarin","contributorId":317786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suwanpakdee","given":"Sarin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69155,"text":"Thailand National Wildlife Health Center, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals & Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sleeman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-9910-6125 jsleeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-6125","contributorId":128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeman","given":"Jonathan","email":"jsleeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":82110,"text":"Midcontinent Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70246625,"text":"70246625 - 2023 - BioLake: A first assessment of lake temperature-derived bioclimatic predictors for aquatic invasive species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-12T12:15:02.02119","indexId":"70246625","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-10T07:10:53","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"BioLake: A first assessment of lake temperature-derived bioclimatic predictors for aquatic invasive species","docAbstract":"Aquatic invasive species (AIS) present major ecological and economic challenges globally, endangering ecosystems and human livelihoods. Managers and policy makers thus need tools to predict invasion risk and prioritize species and areas of concern, and they often use native range climate matching to determine whether a species could persist in a new location. However, climate matching for AIS often relies on air temperature rather than water temperature due to a lack of global water temperature data layers, and predictive power of models is seldom evaluated. We developed 12 global lake (water) temperature-derived “BioLake” bioclimatic layers for distribution modeling of aquatic species and compared “climatch” climate matching predictions (from climatchR package) from BioLake with those based on BioClim temperature layers and with a null model. We did this for 73 established AIS in the United States, training the models on their ranges outside of the United States and Canada. Models using either set of climate layers outperformed the null expectation by a similar (but modest) amount on average, but some species were occasionally found in locations with low climatch scores. Mean US climatch scores were higher for most species when using air temperature. Including additional climate layers in models reduced mean climatch scores, indicating that commonly used climatch score thresholds are not absolute but can be context specific and may require calibration based upon climate data used. Although finer resolution global lake temperature data would likely improve predictions, our BioLake layers provide a starting point for aquatic species distribution modeling. Climate matching was most effective for some species that originated at low latitudes or had small ranges. Climatch scores remain useful but limited for predicting AIS risk, perhaps because current ranges seldom fully reflect climatic tolerances (fundamental niches). Managers could consider climate matching as one of a suite of tools that can be used in AIS prioritization.
Wildfire events are becoming more frequent and severe on a global scale. Rising temperatures, prolonged drought, and the presence of pyrophytic invasive grasses are contributing to the degradation of native vegetation communities. Within the Great Basin region of the western U.S., increasing wildfire frequency is transforming the ecosystem toward a higher degree of homogeneity, one dominated by invasive annual grasses and declining landscape productivity. Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter sage-grouse) are a species of conservation concern that rely on large tracts of structurally and functionally diverse sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) communities. Using a 12-year (2008–2019) telemetry dataset, we documented immediate impacts of wildfire on demographic rates of a population of sage-grouse that were exposed to two large wildfire events (Virginia Mountains Fire Complex—2016; Long Valley Fire—2017) near the border of California and Nevada. Spatiotemporal heterogeneity in demographic rates were accounted for using a Before-After Control-Impact Paired Series (BACIPS) study design. Results revealed a 40% reduction in adult survival and a 79% reduction in nest survival within areas impacted by wildfires. Our results indicate that wildfire has strong and immediate impacts to two key life stages of a sagebrush indicator species and underscores the importance of fire suppression and immediate restoration following wildfire events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-023-32937-2","usgsCitation":"Tyrrell, E.A., Coates, P.S., Prochazka, B.G., Brussee, B.E., Espinosa, S.P., and Hull, J.M., 2023, Wildfire immediately reduces nest and adult survival of greater sage-grouse: Scientific Reports, v. 13, 10970, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32937-2.","productDescription":"10970, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-146503","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442838,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32937-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WA2M2Y","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Greater Sage-Grouse Adult and Nest Observations Before and After Wildfire in Northwest Nevada (2008-2019)"},{"id":418807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.05463957331938,\n 40.372305246838636\n ],\n [\n -120.02911844443898,\n 40.02532619716558\n ],\n [\n -119.87905420662038,\n 39.93067219828927\n ],\n [\n -119.64119728545204,\n 39.97214835081692\n ],\n [\n -119.66671841433293,\n 40.07455694499603\n ],\n [\n -119.77696969109726,\n 40.26645064715103\n ],\n [\n -119.96072181903847,\n 40.3777491537939\n ],\n [\n -120.05463957331938,\n 40.372305246838636\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tyrrell, Emily A 0000-0002-9937-9713","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9937-9713","contributorId":306167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tyrrell","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":66381,"text":"previously Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":877215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prochazka, Brian G. 0000-0001-7270-5550 bprochazka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-5550","contributorId":174839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prochazka","given":"Brian","email":"bprochazka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brussee, Brianne E. 0000-0002-2452-7101 bbrussee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-7101","contributorId":4249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brussee","given":"Brianne","email":"bbrussee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Espinosa, Shawn P.","contributorId":195583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Espinosa","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":877219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hull, Joshua M.","contributorId":127686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hull","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":877220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70246616,"text":"70246616 - 2023 - A detailed view of the 2020-2023 southwestern Puerto Rico seismic sequence with deep learning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-04T16:59:36.832347","indexId":"70246616","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-06T08:36:24","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A detailed view of the 2020-2023 southwestern Puerto Rico seismic sequence with deep learning","docAbstract":"The 2020–2023 southwestern Puerto Rico seismic sequence, still ongoing in 2023, is remarkable for its multiple‐fault rupture complexity and elevated aftershock productivity. We applied an automatic workflow to continuous data from 43 seismic stations in Puerto Rico to build an enhanced earthquake catalog with ∼180,000 events for the 3+ yr sequence from 28 December 2019 to 1 January 2023. This workflow contained the EQTransformer (EQT) deep learning model for event detection and phase picking, the EikoNet‐Hypocenter Inversion with Stein Variational Inference probabilistic earthquake location approach with a neural network trained to solve the eikonal wave equation, and relocation with event‐pair waveform cross correlation. EQT increased the number of catalog events in the sequence by about seven times, though its performance was not quite as good as thorough analyst review. The enhanced catalog revealed new structural details of the sequence space–time evolution, including sudden changes in activity, on a complex system of many small normal and strike‐slip faults. This sequence started on 28 December 2019 with an M 4.7 strike‐slip earthquake followed by 10 days of shallow strike‐slip foreshocks, including several M 5+ earthquakes, in a compact region. The oblique normal fault
Faults are important controls on hydrothermal circulation worldwide. More specifically, structural discontinuities, i.e. locations where faults interact and intersect, host many hydrothermal systems. In the Great Basin, western USA, an extensive characterization effort demonstrated that hydrothermal systems are controlled by one (or more) of eight types of structural discontinuities. Presumably, specific attributes of these structural settings control the generation and maintenance of permeability and porosity, and therefore localize hydrothermal processes. Herein, I examine representative examples of the eight structural settings that host hydrothermal systems in the Great Basin. For each setting, I use a boundary element method to model fault slip on the major faults and track the distribution of stress and strain in the surrounding crust. Results demonstrate that the largest magnitude and most localized stress and strain effects occur in the structural settings that host the largest number of hydrothermal systems; fault stepovers and fault terminations. Structural settings that are common in areas of strike-slip faulting also show localized stress and strain effects. The modelling presented provides process-based explanations for the empirical and conceptual results of regional characterization of Great Basin hydrothermal systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/geoenergy2023-009","usgsCitation":"Siler, D.L., 2023, Structural discontinuities and their control on hydrothermal systems in the Great Basin, USA: Geoenergy, v. 1, no. 1, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1144/geoenergy2023-009.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-146721","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1144/geoenergy2023-009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9S73O5C","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Stress transfer modeling of Great Basin, USA structural discontinuities; Data and MATLAB functions (ver. 1.1, June 2023)"},{"id":418922,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.971198043698,\n 43.70678410718071\n ],\n [\n -120.971198043698,\n 33.361880330157675\n ],\n [\n -107.7054053941411,\n 33.361880330157675\n ],\n [\n -107.7054053941411,\n 43.70678410718071\n ],\n [\n -120.971198043698,\n 43.70678410718071\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siler, Drew L. 0000-0001-7540-8244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7540-8244","contributorId":203341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siler","given":"Drew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70246695,"text":"70246695 - 2023 - Evolution of a minimal cell","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-08T14:26:06.118893","indexId":"70246695","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-05T07:35:01","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of a minimal cell","docAbstract":"Possessing only essential genes, a minimal cell can reveal mechanisms and processes that are critical for the persistence and stability of life1,2. Here we report on how an engineered minimal cell3,4 contends with the forces of evolution compared with the Mycoplasma mycoides non-minimal cell from which it was synthetically derived. Mutation rates were the highest among all reported bacteria, but were not affected by genome minimization. Genome streamlining was costly, leading to a decrease in fitness of greater than 50%, but this deficit was regained during 2,000 generations of evolution. Despite selection acting on distinct genetic targets, increases in the maximum growth rate of the synthetic cells were comparable. Moreover, when performance was assessed by relative fitness, the minimal cell evolved 39% faster than the non-minimal cell. The only apparent constraint involved the evolution of cell size. The size of the non-minimal cell increased by 80%, whereas the minimal cell remained the same. This pattern reflected epistatic effects of mutations in ftsZ, which encodes a tubulin-homologue protein that regulates cell division and morphology5,6. Our findings demonstrate that natural selection can rapidly increase the fitness of one of the simplest autonomously growing organisms. Understanding how species with small genomes overcome evolutionary challenges provides critical insights into the persistence of host-associated endosymbionts, the stability of streamlined chassis for biotechnology and the targeted refinement of synthetically engineered cells2,7,8,9.
Forested landscapes in the Western United States are subject to growing size and severity of wildfires, in part due to historical management strategies focusing on wildfire suppression. Forest restoration treatments and fuels reductions, including thinning and prescribed burning, can reduce the frequency and intensity of wildfires. Extensive restoration and fuels treatment efforts are underway across many areas in the Southwestern United States, including New Mexico. The tradeoff between amenity values provided by forested landscapes and the wildfire risk associated with forested landscapes is becoming increasingly important to understand as development in the wildland-urban interface increases. Understanding how house proximity, relative to forest restoration or fuels treatments, is capitalized into home sale prices can provide useful information about how individuals value forested landscapes that have been altered to reduce wildfire risk or severity. We use a Hedonic Property Model to estimate the average treatment effect of proximity to forest restoration or fuel treatments in New Mexico, United States. We use matching methods to estimate the average treatment effect of proximity to forest restoration. We find that proximity to the forest has a positive amenity value; however, proximity to recent forest restoration or fuel treatments results in a decrease in house sale prices. We combine the results of our two models and calculate that homes not within one kilometer of a treated forest and within one kilometer of Cibola National Forest sell for an average $73,626 premium. The average premium drops to $22,996 for homes within one kilometer of a forest that has been recently treated and within one kilometer of Cibola National Forest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104838","usgsCitation":"Fitch, R.A., Mueller, J.M., Meldrum, J., and Huber, C., 2023, Estimating proximity effects to wildfire fuels treatments on house prices in Cibola National Forest, New Mexico, USA: Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 238, 104838, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104838.","productDescription":"104838, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-143350","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442867,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104838","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cibola National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.57936451046446,\n 35.35726965713178\n ],\n [\n -106.57936451046446,\n 34.84741122784986\n ],\n [\n -106.11539121622326,\n 34.84741122784986\n ],\n [\n -106.11539121622326,\n 35.35726965713178\n ],\n [\n -106.57936451046446,\n 35.35726965713178\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"238","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitch, Ryan A.","contributorId":316216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitch","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":877050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, Julie M.","contributorId":219795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueller","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":877051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meldrum, James R. 0000-0001-5250-3759 jmeldrum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-3759","contributorId":195484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meldrum","given":"James","email":"jmeldrum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huber, Christopher 0000-0001-8446-8134 chuber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8446-8134","contributorId":127600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"Christopher","email":"chuber@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":877053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}