Coal mining and reclamation can have a profound influence on hydrogeologic systems, with clear consequences for groundwater quality, yet their long-term influence on downgradient water quality over time following reclamation is less well documented. Geochemical trends were evaluated in water quality downgradient of a fully reclaimed landscape at the former Big Sky Mine in the Rosebud Creek watershed (southeastern Montana, USA), over a 3-year period (2020–2022), including bond release in 2022. Within 6 km downgradient from the reclaimed area, sulfate concentrations decreased from approximately 3500 to 1800 mg l−1 within the Miller Coulee alluvial aquifer. Major ions, δ34SSO4 values, and residence time tracers suggest that the observed decreases in sulfate concentration result from a combination of dilution by mixed-age inflows and incomplete transit of the high salinity plume from the mine boundary. Both bedrock and alluvial aquifers of the Rosebud Creek corridor contained contributions of millennia-old regional groundwater, which may serve to mitigate mine-derived high salinity waters. Rosebud Creek, which traverses the outflow zone of Miller Coulee in the study area, exhibited high sulfate concentrations during low flows and consistent downgradient increases in sulfate concentration. The possibility of plume dynamics in Miller Coulee suggests that the greatest water quality impacts may not yet have reached Rosebud Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-025-02898-z","usgsCitation":"Keeshin, S., Ewing, S., Meredith, E., Payne, R.A., Gardner, W.P., and Hunt, A.G., 2025, Controls on water quality below a reclaimed surface coal mine, southeastern Montana: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 33, p. 715-737, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-025-02898-z.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"715","endPage":"737","ipdsId":"IP-169829","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-025-02898-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492414,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Powder River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.76252916407701,\n 45.96424654184909\n ],\n [\n -106.76252916407701,\n 45.71193610632727\n ],\n [\n -106.38940057072405,\n 45.71193610632727\n ],\n [\n -106.38940057072405,\n 45.96424654184909\n ],\n [\n -106.76252916407701,\n 45.96424654184909\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeshin, Skye 0009-0009-8644-9872","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8644-9872","contributorId":358243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keeshin","given":"Skye","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ewing, Stephanie A. 0000-0003-0713-4266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-4266","contributorId":358244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ewing","given":"Stephanie A.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meredith, Elizabeth B","contributorId":358247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meredith","given":"Elizabeth B","affiliations":[{"id":36941,"text":"Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Payne, Robert A.","contributorId":179214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Payne","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":943363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gardner, W. Payton 0000-0003-0664-001X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0664-001X","contributorId":206198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Payton","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":174135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70267270,"text":"70267270 - 2025 - Flexible phenology of a C4 grass linked to resiliency to seasonal and multiyear drought events in the American southwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-19T15:26:06.808659","indexId":"70267270","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-14T08:21:51","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flexible phenology of a C4 grass linked to resiliency to seasonal and multiyear drought events in the American southwest","docAbstract":"Rising temperatures are predicted to further limit dryland water availability as droughts become more intense and frequent and seasonal precipitation patterns shift. Vegetation drought stress may increase mortality and cause declines and delays in phenological events, thereby impacting species' capacity to persist and recover from extreme drought conditions. We compare phenological responses of two common dryland perennial grass species, Achnatherum hymenoides (C3) and Pleuraphis jamesii (C4), to 4 years of experimentally imposed precipitation drought treatments (cool season, warm season, ambient), followed by 2 years of recovery on the Colorado Plateau, United States of America. Tagged individual grasses from both species were monitored biweekly and assessed for phenological metrics and mortality. The C3 grass exhibited less phenological flexibility to both seasonal and interannual drought conditions and experienced high rates of mortality, thus reducing resiliency. Conversely, the C4 grass showed more phenological plasticity during imposed drought treatments, with treatment effects diminishing in the two-year recovery period during a severe ambient drought. Synthesis: Results suggest that plant photosynthetic strategies may impact plant resistance and resiliency to drought. Here, C3 grass populations may decline, potentially shifting cool dryland ecosystems into a system comprised predominantly of warm-season adapted species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71435","usgsCitation":"Finger-Higgens, R.A., Hoover, D.L., Knight, A.C., Schlaepfer, D.R., and Duniway, M.C., 2025, Flexible phenology of a C4 grass linked to resiliency to seasonal and multiyear drought events in the American southwest: Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 5, e71435, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71435.","productDescription":"e71435, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175217","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71435","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13YQBFB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Plant community composition, abundance, phenology, and soil data from a four-year seasonal drought experiment followed by four years of recovery in a mixed grassland on the Colorado Plateau"},{"id":486158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau, southeastern Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.13988247197315,\n 38.391364084093055\n ],\n [\n -111.13988247197315,\n 36.98964710801718\n ],\n [\n -109.03982788793104,\n 36.98964710801718\n ],\n [\n -109.03982788793104,\n 38.391364084093055\n ],\n [\n -111.13988247197315,\n 38.391364084093055\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finger-Higgens, Rebecca A 0000-0002-7645-504X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7645-504X","contributorId":290211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finger-Higgens","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoover, David L. dlhoover@usgs.gov","contributorId":245331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoover","given":"David","email":"dlhoover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":49151,"text":"USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources Research Unit, Crops Research Laboratory, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, Anna C. 0000-0002-9455-2855","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-2855","contributorId":255113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel Rodolphe 0000-0001-9973-2065","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-2065","contributorId":225569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Rodolphe","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70267239,"text":"70267239 - 2025 - Environmental persistence and toxicity of weathered wildland fire retardants to rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-12T15:55:21.026427","indexId":"70267239","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-14T08:09:25","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental persistence and toxicity of weathered wildland fire retardants to rainbow trout","docAbstract":"Long-term fire retardants are employed to combat and control wildfires by altering the way fuels burn, and they continue to decrease fire intensity after water in the retardant solution has evaporated. After application, fire retardants may persist on dry stream beds or in riparian habitats before precipitation events flush the retardant into intermittent streams. We exposed juvenile (30–60 days post swim-up) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to fire retardants weathered for 7–56 days on different substrates (duff, gravel, high organic content soil, and low organic content soil) under static conditions for 96 h to evaluate the potential toxicity of two current-use long-term fire-retardant (LC95A-R and MVP-Fx) products. Trout mortality was greater in LC95A-R treatments compared to MVP-Fx due to higher concentrations of LC95A-R in the applied product than MVP-Fx at the same application rate. Underlying substrate affected fire-retardant toxicity, with 31% higher average mortality for products applied to duff and gravel compared to soil. Differences in mortality across substrates and products after weathering may be attributed to differences in the mix ratio of applied product and interactions of product chemistries with underlying substrate. These interactions resulted in elevated ionic concentrations of the overlying water in duff and gravel treatments. Trout mortality decreased 15% for products weathered 56 days compared to 7 days. Our results suggest that long-term fire retardants may persist in the environment and that underlying substrate may alter the toxicity of these products upon entrance into an intermittent stream.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01131-y","usgsCitation":"Mackey, C.M., Iacchetta, M.G., and Puglis, H.J., 2025, Environmental persistence and toxicity of weathered wildland fire retardants to rainbow trout: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 88, p. 397-406, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-025-01131-y.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"406","ipdsId":"IP-161555","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486156,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mackey, Christina M. 0000-0003-1737-2698","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-2698","contributorId":243574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mackey","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iacchetta, Michael G. 0000-0001-9459-1435","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9459-1435","contributorId":291394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iacchetta","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puglis, Holly J. 0000-0002-3090-6597 hpuglis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3090-6597","contributorId":4686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puglis","given":"Holly","email":"hpuglis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70267370,"text":"70267370 - 2025 - Fine-resolution satellite remote sensing improves spatially distributed snow modeling to near real time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-21T14:36:05.59686","indexId":"70267370","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-13T09:30:10","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-resolution satellite remote sensing improves spatially distributed snow modeling to near real time","docAbstract":"Given the highly variable distribution of seasonal snowpacks in complex mountainous environments, the accurate snow modeling of basin-wide snow water equivalent (SWE) requires a spatially distributed approach at a sufficiently fine grid resolution (<500 m) to account for the important processes in the seasonal evolution of a snowpack (e.g., wind redistribution of snow to resolve patchy snow cover in an alpine zone). However, even well-validated snow evolution models, such as SnowModel, are prone to errors when key model inputs, such as the precipitation and wind speed and direction, are inaccurate or only available at coarse spatial resolutions. Incorporating fine-spatial-resolution remotely sensed snow-covered area (SCA) information into spatially distributed snow modeling has the potential to refine and improve fine-resolution snow water equivalent (SWE) estimates. This study developed 30 m resolution SnowModel simulations across the Big Thompson River, Fraser River, Three Lakes, and Willow Creek Basins, a total area of 4212 km2 in Colorado, for the water years 2000–2023, and evaluated the incorporation of a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Landsat SCA datasets into the model’s development and calibration. The SnowModel was calibrated spatially to the Landsat mean annual snow persistence (SP) and temporally to the MODIS mean basin SCA using a multi-objective calibration procedure executed using Latin hypercube sampling and a stepwise calibration process. The Landsat mean annual SP was also used to further optimize the SnowModel simulations through the development of a spatially variable precipitation correction field. The evaluations of the SnowModel simulations using the Airborne Snow Observatories’ (ASO’s) light detection and ranging (lidar)-derived SWE estimates show that the versions of the SnowModel calibrated to the remotely sensed SCA had an improved performance (mean error ranging from −28 mm to −6 mm) compared with the baseline simulations (mean error ranging from 69 mm to 86 mm), and comparable spatial patterns to those of the ASO, especially at the highest elevations. Furthermore, this study’s results highlight how a regularly updated 30 m resolution SCA could be used to further improve the calibrated SnowModel simulations to near real time (latency of 5 days or less).
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs17101704","usgsCitation":"Sexstone, G., Akie, G.A., Selkowitz, D.J., Barnhart, T., Rey, D., León-Salazar, C., Carbone, E., and Bearup, L.A., 2025, Fine-resolution satellite remote sensing improves spatially distributed snow modeling to near real time: Remote Sensing, v. 17, no. 10, 1704, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101704.","productDescription":"1704, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174585","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101704","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.33,\n 40.85\n ],\n [\n -106.33,\n 39.65\n ],\n [\n -105.17,\n 39.65\n ],\n [\n -105.17,\n 40.85\n ],\n [\n -106.33,\n 40.85\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexstone, Graham A. 0000-0001-8913-0546","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-0546","contributorId":203850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexstone","given":"Graham A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Akie, Garrett Alexander 0000-0002-6356-7106","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-7106","contributorId":290236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akie","given":"Garrett","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Selkowitz, David J. 0000-0003-0824-7051 dselkowitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0824-7051","contributorId":3259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selkowitz","given":"David","email":"dselkowitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhart, Theodore B. 0000-0002-9682-3217","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-3217","contributorId":202558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Theodore B.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rey, David M. 0000-0003-2629-365X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-365X","contributorId":211848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rey","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"León-Salazar, Claudia","contributorId":355707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"León-Salazar","given":"Claudia","affiliations":[{"id":6736,"text":"Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carbone, Emily","contributorId":355708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carbone","given":"Emily","affiliations":[{"id":84819,"text":"Northern Water","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bearup, Lindsay A.","contributorId":139257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bearup","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70268342,"text":"70268342 - 2025 - Shifting baselines of coral-reef species composition from the Late Pleistocene to the present in the Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-23T14:20:17.616459","indexId":"70268342","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-13T09:14:05","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5781,"text":"The Depositional Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting baselines of coral-reef species composition from the Late Pleistocene to the present in the Florida Keys","docAbstract":"The ongoing global-scale reassembly of modern coral reefs is unprecedented compared with the observed stability of most late Quaternary reef assemblages. One notable exception is the marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e (ca 130–116 thousand years ago [ka]) reefs in the Florida Keys, where the ubiquitous shallow-water coral, Acropora palmata, was near absent. Little is known, however, about reefs that grew during MIS5d–a (ca 116–74 ka), between MIS5e and the Holocene. It is therefore unclear whether Florida's unique MIS5e coral assemblages represent a geologically brief anomaly or a more persistent departure from the western Atlantic coral-reef archetype. We addressed that question by reconstructing the composition of MIS5d–a reefs within 29 coral-reef cores collected throughout the Florida Keys. We then compared the relative composition of corals during MIS5d–a to existing datasets from MIS5e, Holocene and modern (1996 and 2022) reefs to evaluate how far today's reef assemblages have diverged from geological baselines. We show that although the proportion of reef frameworks built by corals was remarkably consistent (ca 38%), species composition changed significantly through time. Acropora palmata was rare throughout MIS5, which we hypothesise was due to greater cold-temperature stress in Florida's subtropical reefs compared with the more climatically stable tropics. In contrast, the massive reef-building coral, Orbicella spp., was regionally dominant throughout the late Quaternary, but has become increasingly rare on modern reefs. By 2022, reefs in the Florida Keys were characterised by a truly novel coral assemblage dominated by Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea. In many ways, Florida's reefs defy the concept of a natural baseline; instead, their most persistent characteristic since the Late Pleistocene is their uniqueness. Yet, as reefs are increasingly subjected to unprecedented levels of environmental change, the exceptions to what was normal in the past could, paradoxically, provide the best geological analogues for the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"WIley","doi":"10.1002/dep2.70009","usgsCitation":"Toth, L., Stathakopoulos, A., Hsia, S., and Weinstein, D.A., 2025, Shifting baselines of coral-reef species composition from the Late Pleistocene to the present in the Florida Keys: The Depositional Record, v. 11, no. 3, p. 893-916, https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.70009.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"893","endPage":"916","ipdsId":"IP-173487","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.70009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.17917140030995,\n 25.383351188271973\n ],\n [\n -81.59701661611159,\n 24.90866922937429\n ],\n [\n -83.02465696293855,\n 24.77579446049141\n ],\n [\n -83.06138870428032,\n 24.366054515738625\n ],\n [\n -81.8345485434568,\n 24.395013657422012\n ],\n [\n -80.65178647224371,\n 24.557720553123204\n ],\n [\n -80.17917140030995,\n 25.383351188271973\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X ltoth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X","contributorId":181748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stathakopoulos, Anastasios 0000-0002-4404-035X astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-035X","contributorId":147744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stathakopoulos","given":"Anastasios","email":"astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hsia, Scarlette Shan-Hwei 0000-0002-2230-9004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2230-9004","contributorId":346523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsia","given":"Scarlette Shan-Hwei","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weinstein, David A.","contributorId":206027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weinstein","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70267387,"text":"70267387 - 2025 - Linking permafrost to the abundance, biomass, and energy density of fish in Arctic headwater streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-21T14:10:33.157869","indexId":"70267387","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-13T08:59:33","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking permafrost to the abundance, biomass, and energy density of fish in Arctic headwater streams","docAbstract":"Permafrost thaw alters groundwater flow, river hydrology, stream-catchment interactions, and the availability of carbon and nutrients in headwater streams. The impact of permafrost on watershed hydrology and biogeochemistry of headwater streams has been demonstrated, but there is little understanding of how permafrost influences fish in these ecosystems. We examined relations among permafrost characteristics, the resulting changes in water temperature, stream hydrology (e.g., discharge flashiness), and macroinvertebrates, with the abundance, biomass, and energy density of juvenile Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and Arctic Grayling (Thymallus arcticus) across 10 headwater streams in northwestern Alaska. Macroinvertebrate density was driven by concentrations of dissolved carbon and nutrients supporting stream food webs. Dolly Varden abundance was primarily related to water temperature with fewer fish in warmer streams, whereas Dolly Varden energy density decreased with the flashiness of the headwater streams. Dolly Varden biomass was related to both temperature and bottom-up food web effects. The energy density of Arctic Grayling decreased with warmer temperatures and discharge flashiness. These relations demonstrate the importance of terrestrial–aquatic connections in permafrost landscapes and indicate the complexity of landscape effects on fish. Because permafrost thaw is one of the most impactful changes occurring as the Arctic warms, an improved understanding of how stream temperature, hydrology, and bottom-up food web processes influence fish populations can aid forecasting of future conditions across the Arctic.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70270","usgsCitation":"Carey, M.P., Koch, J.C., O’Donnell, J.A., Poulin, B., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2025, Linking permafrost to the abundance, biomass, and energy density of fish in Arctic headwater streams: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 5, e70270, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70270.","productDescription":"e70270, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168519","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486925,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70270","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Noatak National Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 66.7\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 66.7\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 69\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carey, Michael P. 0000-0002-3327-8995 mcarey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-8995","contributorId":5397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"Michael","email":"mcarey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A. 0000-0001-7031-9808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-9808","contributorId":191423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":938063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poulin, Brett 0000-0002-5555-7733","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-7733","contributorId":260893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulin","given":"Brett","affiliations":[{"id":52706,"text":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70266760,"text":"sir20245133 - 2025 - Using the D-Claw software package to model lahars in the Middle Fork Nooksack River drainage and beyond, Mount Baker, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-03T14:16:54.133347","indexId":"sir20245133","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-12T15:08:17","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2024-5133","displayTitle":"Using the D-Claw Software Package to Model Lahars in the Middle Fork Nooksack River Drainage and Beyond, Mount Baker, Washington","title":"Using the D-Claw software package to model lahars in the Middle Fork Nooksack River drainage and beyond, Mount Baker, Washington","docAbstract":"Lahars, or volcanic mudflows, are the most hazardous eruption-related phenomena that will affect communities living along rivers that originate on Mount Baker. In the past 15,000 years, the largest lahars from Mount Baker have affected the Middle Fork Nooksack River drainage and beyond. Here we use the physics-based D-Claw software package to model nine lahar scenarios that are initiated as water-saturated landslides between Sherman Crater and the Roman Wall on the Mount Baker edifice and flow down the Middle Fork Nooksack River. The scenarios range in volume from 1 to 260 million cubic meters and have an initial hydraulic permeability from 10−12 to 10−10 meters squared. Model output includes data such as flow depth, velocity, runout distance, area inundated, arrival time, and sediment concentration as well as information that allows scientists to calculate other important hydrologic characteristics such as lahar discharge. These data are important to officials who have the responsibility to plan for, or take mitigation measures against, future Mount Baker lahars. To check the validity of the D-Claw results, we compare the scenarios to known geologic information. We also compare D-Claw results with empirical models that have been used in the past to determine potential inundation areas, runout distances, and arrival times. These comparisons highlight similarities and differences between empirical and physics-based models. We also present D-Claw scenario-based animations to help scientists, officials, and lay people alike to visualize how future lahars could affect communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245133","usgsCitation":"Gardner, C.A., Benage, M.C., Cannon, C., and George, D.L., 2025, Using the D-Claw software package to model lahars in the Middle Fork Nooksack River drainage and beyond, Mount Baker, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5133, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245133.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 47 p.; 9 Animation Videos; Data Release","numberOfPages":"47","ipdsId":"IP-151680","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485743,"rank":13,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioC2.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario C2","size":"35.9 MB","description":"Scenario C2","linkHelpText":"- Scenario C2"},{"id":485742,"rank":12,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioB3.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario B3","size":"47 MB","description":"Scenario B3","linkHelpText":"- Scenario B3"},{"id":485741,"rank":11,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioB2.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario B2","size":"37.6 MB","description":"Scenario B2","linkHelpText":"- Scenario B2"},{"id":485740,"rank":10,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioB1.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario B1","size":"25.6 MB","description":"Scenario B1","linkHelpText":"- Scenario B1"},{"id":485739,"rank":9,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioA3.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario A3","size":"50.4 MB","description":"Scenario A3","linkHelpText":"- Scenario A3"},{"id":485737,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioA1.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario A1","size":"35.4 MB","description":"Scenario A1","linkHelpText":"- Scenario A1"},{"id":485736,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1PEX7FS","text":"USGS data release","description":"George, D.L., Cannon, C.M., Benage, M.C., and Gardner, C.A., 2025, Simulated lahar extents and dynamics in the Middle Fork Nooksack River drainage, resulting from hypothetical landslide sources on the western summit of Mount Baker, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1PEX7FS.","linkHelpText":"Simulated lahar extents and dynamics in the Middle Fork Nooksack River drainage, resulting from hypothetical landslide sources on the western summit of Mount Baker, Washington"},{"id":485734,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/images"},{"id":485733,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133.XML","description":"SIR 2024-5133 XML"},{"id":485731,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5133 PDF"},{"id":485730,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":485745,"rank":15,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioE2.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario E2","size":"22.1 MB","description":"Scenario E2","linkHelpText":"- Scenario E2"},{"id":485744,"rank":14,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioD2.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario D2","size":"26.5 MB","description":"Scenario D2","linkHelpText":"- Scenario D2"},{"id":485732,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245133/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2024-5133 HTML"},{"id":485738,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5133/sir20245133_app4_scenarioA2.mp4","text":"Appendix 4 - Scenario A2","size":"41.7 MB","description":"Scenario A2","linkHelpText":"- Scenario A2"},{"id":485848,"rank":16,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118573.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Middle Fork Nooksack River, Mount Baker","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.667,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -122.667,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -122.667,\n 48.6667\n ],\n [\n -121.667,\n 48.6667\n ],\n [\n -121.667,\n 49\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"David A. Johnston Cascades Volcano Observatory
U.S. Geological Survey
1300 SE Cardinal Court
Building 10, Suite 100
Vancouver, WA 98683
Email: askCVO@usgs.gov
","tableOfContents":"Managing species in a rapidly changing climate requires knowledge of how species will respond to climate change and other threats while simultaneously developing management actions to reduce threats. Amphibians are one of the most threatened taxa on earth and often serve as the ‘canary in the coalmine’ for the health of ecosystems that countless other species and humans rely on. To understand the status of and guide management for the boreal toad (Anaxyrus boreas boreas), an imperiled amphibian species in the North Central region, we coproduced several products with the Boreal Toad Conservation Team. These products included 1) reconstructed seasonal hydrology patterns for historical boreal toad breeding wetlands and high elevation watersheds in the Southern Rocky Mountain Region (SRMR) from remotely sensed data, 2) current and future predictions of drying rates for historical breeding wetlands, 3) current and future predictions on the status of the boreal toad in the SRMR, and 4) a web tool to guide management actions. While the boreal toad is considered a ‘data rich’ species given data collection efforts that span multiple decades, many amphibian species are considered ‘data poor’, meaning managers lack data on the biology, ecology, or status of the species needed to make sound decisions. To address this knowledge gap, we also quantified drying patterns across watersheds for two ‘data poor’ species in the North Central region at risk from climate change: the Great Basin spadefoot toad (Spea intermontana) and the wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus). These new data can guide management decisions for these species by allowing managers to understand habitat changes with respect to water availability, a crucial element for amphibian survival and persistence. Together, these products demonstrate how cutting-edge technology and analytical methods can produce a range of useful information to support amphibian conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nrrth Central Climate Adaptation Center","usgsCitation":"Kissel, A.M., Muths, E., Lacey, M., Popescu, V.D., Dyck, M., and Littlefield, C., 2025, A framework for guiding management decisions for amphibians in an uncertain future, 56 p.","productDescription":"56 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174467","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486563,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cascprojects.org/#/project/4f83509de4b0e84f60868124/6009c26fd34e162231fb2333","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":501210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"southern Rocky Mountain region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 41.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kissel, Amanda Marie 0000-0002-6346-7455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6346-7455","contributorId":334356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kissel","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":245922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lacey, Mae","contributorId":355913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lacey","given":"Mae","affiliations":[{"id":13470,"text":"Conservation Science Partners","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Popescu, Viorel D.","contributorId":169697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Popescu","given":"Viorel","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":938372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dyck, Marissa","contributorId":355915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyck","given":"Marissa","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Littlefield, Caitlin","contributorId":352216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Littlefield","given":"Caitlin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":938374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70268154,"text":"70268154 - 2025 - Evidence of mineral alteration in a salt marsh subterranean estuary: Implications for carbon and trace element cycling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-16T13:35:06.38699","indexId":"70268154","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-12T08:29:21","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9326,"text":"JGR Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of mineral alteration in a salt marsh subterranean estuary: Implications for carbon and trace element cycling","docAbstract":"Subterranean estuaries (STE) in salt marshes are biogeochemically active zones where interactions between terrestrial groundwater and seawater drive complex cycling of carbon and trace elements, influenced by mineral dissolution. These systems, characterized by fine-grained organic-rich peat overlying permeable coastal aquifers, play a crucial role as a blue carbon sink, yet their geochemical dynamics remain poorly understood. We investigated dissolved trace elements, carbon, silica, and radium isotopes in a salt marsh STE (Sage Lot Pond, Waquoit Bay, MA) over seasonal and annual cycles. Our results reveal that groundwater and estuarine water circulation through marsh peat and aquifer sediments leads to enrichments of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC), Si, Ba, and Mn, with variable source/sink behavior of Fe and net removal of U. Submarine groundwater discharge dominated Ba fluxes, whereas pore water drainage from marsh peat acted as the main sink for U and source of Si. Fe cycling was variable, with terrestrial Fe largely removed as groundwater passed through the STE, consistent with Fe-sulfide and amorphous phase formation. Radium isotope ratios identified two distinct subsurface flow pathways, influenced by metal-oxide cycling and organic matter breakdown. Si production was decoupled from DIC, suggesting Si originates from mineral alteration, whereas DIC results from both mineral weathering and microbial respiration. Silicate mineral alteration, coupled with marsh pore water drainage, accounts for up to 16% of annual DIC exports (66 g C m−2 y−1), highlighting the importance of STEs in coastal carbon and trace element cycling, especially as marshes face environmental change.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JG008758","usgsCitation":"Tamborski, J., Eagle, M.J., Thorpe, M., Charette, M., Kurylyk, B., Rahman, S., Kroeger, K.D., O’Keefe Suttles, J.A., Mann, A.G., Brooks, T.W., and Wang, Z., 2025, Evidence of mineral alteration in a salt marsh subterranean estuary: Implications for carbon and trace element cycling: JGR Biogeosciences, v. 130, no. 5, e2025JG008758, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JG008758.","productDescription":"e2025JG008758, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174900","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jg008758","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":490747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Hundreds of thousands of unplugged wells are no longer actively producing and are currently under orphan status, with no responsible party obligated for plugging. Orphan wells can pose threats to water resources by providing pathways for contaminants such as hydrocarbons and brines to migrate into water-supply aquifers. In this study, we investigate the potential threats to groundwater resources posed by orphan wells at the national scale. Water-quality data is extremely sparse in relation to orphan wells nationally and may not be suitable for identifying contamination from oil and gas development. We used geospatial and statistical methods to evaluate which principal and secondary aquifer systems may be most susceptible to contamination from orphan wells. Analysis involved three sets of susceptibility factors including: 1) factors related to the number and density of orphan wells; 2) factors that can threaten well integrity and contribute to transport of contaminants; and 3) factors related to groundwater withdrawal rates and the affected populations/communities in the event of water quality disturbances. From a dataset of 117,672 documented orphan wells, 64,203 fall within a principal aquifer system, while the remainder fall within a secondary aquifer system.
By assessing the combination of well integrity and hydrogeologic factors within these aquifer systems, five groupings of principal aquifers were identified, where groups ranged from aquifer systems with high numbers of orphan wells, multiple well integrity threats and high withdrawals, to aquifers with a relatively low number of orphan wells, limited well integrity threats and minimal water use. Three regions of the country emerge containing aquifers with higher susceptibility to contamination from orphan oil and gas wells. These regions include 1) The Appalachian Basin (including the Pennsylvanian Aquifer System), 2) The Gulf Coast Aquifers (including the Coastal Lowlands Aquifer system) and 3) The California Aquifers (including the California Coastal Basin Aquifer system). This work is the first multivariate geospatial investigation of orphan wells and groundwater resources on a national scale, and sheds light on which aquifers are most susceptible to groundwater contamination from orphan wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179246","usgsCitation":"Woda, J., Haase, K., Gianoutsos, N.J., Jahn, K., and Gutchess, K., 2025, A geospatial analysis of water-quality threats from orphan wells in principal and secondary aquifers of the United States: Science of the Total Environment, v. 976, 179246, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179246.","productDescription":"179246, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170391","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179246","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484512,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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ngianoutsos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-6549","contributorId":3607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gianoutsos","given":"Nicholas","email":"ngianoutsos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jahn, Kalle 0000-0002-4976-0137","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4976-0137","contributorId":333053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jahn","given":"Kalle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gutchess, Kristina 0000-0002-9745-5049","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-5049","contributorId":353190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutchess","given":"Kristina","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70267771,"text":"70267771 - 2025 - Antigone canadensis (Sandhill Crane) foraging patterns influenced by crop type, roost distance, and tillage intensity during spring and autumn migration at a primary stopover area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-30T15:43:43.66654","indexId":"70267771","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-10T08:38:34","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9101,"text":"Ornithological Applications","printIssn":"0010-5422","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antigone canadensis (Sandhill Crane) foraging patterns influenced by crop type, roost distance, and tillage intensity during spring and autumn migration at a primary stopover area","docAbstract":"The San Luis Valley in Colorado, USA, an agriculturally dominated stopover area, is used by the Rocky Mountain population of Antigone canadensis tabida (Greater Sandhill Crane) and some midcontinental individuals of A. c. canadensis (Lesser Sandhill Crane) during migration. While the numbers of both subspecies are stable, the effects of continued water scarcity and declines in grain output on the energetics of cranes in the San Luis Valley are unclear. We conducted roadside counts of A. c. tabida and A. c. canadensis on agricultural fields to determine the effects of crop type, roost distance, and tillage intensity on their selection and abundance on crop fields. Antigone canadensis varied in their use of the San Luis Valley for foraging. In autumn, both subspecies selected barley and other grains over other crop types. In spring, cranes preferred to forage in barley fields, and selection declined as distance to roosts increased. Both subspecies also selected barley fields that were lightly or not tilled. We modeled covariates on abundance for A. c. tabida only and found that more cranes were found close to roosts early in the season in autumn. As the season progressed, the number of A. c. tabida increased as roost distance increased. In spring, abundance was influenced by an interaction between time and crop, with the highest numbers found on barley and pasture around mid-March. Our results suggest that A. canadensis may switch to other crop types as resources are depleted near roosts but appear to prefer to fly farther for grains. Grains that are left idle or moderately tilled and are located near roosts will help ensure A. canadensis are able to maintain adequate nutrient reserves at agriculturally dominated stopover areas during migration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duaf027","collaboration":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Vanausdall, R., Kendall, W.L., and Collins, D., 2025, Antigone canadensis (Sandhill Crane) foraging patterns influenced by crop type, roost distance, and tillage intensity during spring and autumn migration at a primary stopover area: Ornithological Applications, v. 127, duaf027, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duaf027.","productDescription":"duaf027, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170214","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duaf027","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":489266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.19980544186409,\n 37.483870494045064\n ],\n [\n -106.19980544186409,\n 36.996256317805006\n ],\n [\n -105.66654470738654,\n 36.996256317805006\n ],\n [\n -105.66654470738654,\n 37.483870494045064\n ],\n [\n -106.19980544186409,\n 37.483870494045064\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanausdall, Rachel A.","contributorId":356156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vanausdall","given":"Rachel A.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, William L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":204844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, Daniel P.","contributorId":356157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Daniel P.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70274028,"text":"70274028 - 2025 - Properties of new flows indicate that Martian gullies form via CO2 frost-fluidization processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-20T14:52:42.327468","indexId":"70274028","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-10T07:46:29","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Properties of new flows indicate that Martian gullies form via CO2 frost-fluidization processes","docAbstract":"Martian gully landforms are widely seen as evidence of liquid water, often attributed to snowmelt during high-obliquity periods within the last few million years. However, widespread present-day flows within existing gullies are caused by CO2 frost, presenting an alternative formation mechanism. Entrained frost vapourizes to fluidize flows, allowing them to behave similarly to wet debris flows on Earth. The slopes where present-day flows erode and deposit provide insights into the landforms that many such flows could create. The shallowest slopes eroded by the flows are similar to slopes at existing channel mouths, and the most mobile flows reach final slopes similar to the outer reaches of existing gully aprons. This is consistent with formation of gullies entirely by CO2 frost-driven flows, assuming their intensity and frequency varies in space and time. Geologically recent snowmelt cannot be ruled out, but is not required to explain the observed gully morphology.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024GL112434","usgsCitation":"Dundas, C., Conway, S.J., Pasquon, K., Noblet, A., Roelofs, L., 2025, Properties of new flows indicate that Martian gullies form via CO2 frost-fluidization processes: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 52, no. 9, e2024GL112434, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112434.","productDescription":"e2024GL112434, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-141673","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl112434","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"52","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":237028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Susan J.","contributorId":366778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conway","given":"Susan","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":82106,"text":"Nantes Universite","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pasquon, Kelly","contributorId":343526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pasquon","given":"Kelly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82106,"text":"Nantes Universite","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noblet, Axel","contributorId":366779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noblet","given":"Axel","affiliations":[{"id":82106,"text":"Nantes Universite","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roelofs, Lonneke","contributorId":343523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roelofs","given":"Lonneke","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36885,"text":"Utrecht University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70266649,"text":"sir20255028 - 2025 - Status of water-level altitudes and long-term and short-term water-level changes in the Chicot and Evangeline (undifferentiated) and Jasper aquifers, greater Houston area, Texas, 2024","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-25T14:36:40.924869","indexId":"sir20255028","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-09T14:49:22","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5028","displayTitle":"Status of Water-Level Altitudes and Long-Term and Short-Term Water-Level Changes in the Chicot and Evangeline (Undifferentiated) and Jasper Aquifers, Greater Houston Area, Texas, 2024","title":"Status of water-level altitudes and long-term and short-term water-level changes in the Chicot and Evangeline (undifferentiated) and Jasper aquifers, greater Houston area, Texas, 2024","docAbstract":"Since the early 1900s, groundwater withdrawn from the primary aquifers that compose the Gulf Coast aquifer system—the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers—has been an important source of water in the greater Houston area, Texas. This report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District, is one in an annual series of reports depicting the status of water-level altitudes and water-level changes in these aquifers in the greater Houston area.
In this report, the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers are treated as a single aquifer for the purposes of providing annual assessments of regional-scale water-level altitudes and water-level changes over time. In 2024, shaded depictions of estimated water-level altitudes for the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers (undifferentiated) ranged from about 301 feet (ft) below the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88) to about 184 ft above NAVD 88. The largest decline in water-level altitudes depicted by the 1977–2024 long-term water-level-change map was in south-central Montgomery County. In comparison, the 1990–2024 long-term water-level-change map depicts the largest declines in water-level altitudes in an area northwest of The Woodlands and in an area of northern Waller County. The largest rise in water-level altitudes for 1977–2024 is depicted in an area of east-central Harris County, whereas the largest rise in water-level altitudes for 1990–2024 is depicted in an area of central Harris County. The 5-year short-term water-level-change map depicts the largest declines in several parts of the study area, but these declines are concentrated primarily in northern Fort Bend County, southwestern Harris County, and south-central Montgomery County. The largest rise for 2019–24 is depicted at a well in northern Fort Bend County. The 1-year short-term water-level-change map depicts the largest declines at a well in northern Fort Bend County and a well in west-central Harris County. The largest rise for 2023–24 is depicted at a well in east-central Fort Bend County.
In 2024, shaded depictions of estimated water-level altitudes for the Jasper aquifer ranged from about 255 ft below NAVD 88 to about 321 ft above NAVD 88. The 2000–24 long-term water-level-change map depicts the largest water-level decline in an area of central San Jacinto County; the largest rise is depicted in an area of central Grimes County. The 5-year short-term water-level-change map depicts the largest declines across parts of central and southern Montgomery County and at one well in north-central Harris County. The largest rise for 2019–24 is depicted at a well centered on the Montgomery-Grimes County line. The 1-year short-term water-level-change map depicts the largest declines at two wells in south-central Montgomery County and one well in northwestern Montgomery County on the west side of Lake Conroe. The largest rises during 2023–24 are depicted at one well in northwestern Montgomery County and one well in south-central Montgomery County.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255028","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Ramage, J.K., and Adams, A.C., 2025, Status of water-level altitudes and long-term and short-term water-level changes in the Chicot and Evangeline (undifferentiated) and Jasper aquifers, greater Houston area, Texas, 2024: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5028, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255028.","productDescription":"Report: v; 27 p.; 2 Data Releases; Database","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-165210","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489426,"rank":9,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5028/sir20255028.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2025–5028 XML"},{"id":489425,"rank":8,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255028/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025–5028 HTML"},{"id":485802,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118569.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":485676,"rank":6,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS Database","linkHelpText":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2024, USGS water data for the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":485675,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13NLJ7T","text":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Adams, A.C., and Ramage, J.K., 2024, Groundwater-level altitudes and long-term groundwater-level changes in the Chicot and Evangeline (undifferentiated) and Jasper aquifers, greater Houston area, Texas, 2024: U.S. Geological Survey data release"},{"id":485668,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13XXB5O","text":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Adams, A.C., and Ramage, J.K., 2024, Depth to groundwater measured from wells in the greater Houston area, Texas, 2024: U.S. Geological Survey data release"},{"id":485665,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5028/sir20255028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025–5028"},{"id":485664,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5028/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":485667,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5028/Images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","otherGeospatial":"Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.25,\n 30.875\n ],\n [\n -96.25,\n 28.9\n ],\n [\n -94.4,\n 28.9\n ],\n [\n -94.4,\n 30.875\n ],\n [\n -96.25,\n 30.875\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
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","tableOfContents":"Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. CH4 is the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms of climate forcing after carbon dioxide (CO2), and both emissions and atmospheric concentrations of CH4 have continued to increase since 2007 after a temporary pause. The relative importance of CH4 emissions compared to those of CO2 for temperature change is related to its shorter atmospheric lifetime, stronger radiative effect, and acceleration in atmospheric growth rate over the past decade, the causes of which are still debated. Two major challenges in quantifying the factors responsible for the observed atmospheric growth rate arise from diverse, geographically overlapping CH4 sources and from the uncertain magnitude and temporal change in the destruction of CH4 by short-lived and highly variable hydroxyl radicals (OH). To address these challenges, we have established a consortium of multidisciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to improve, synthesise, and update the global CH4 budget regularly and to stimulate new research on the methane cycle. Following Saunois et al. (2016, 2020), we present here the third version of the living review paper dedicated to the decadal CH4 budget, integrating results of top-down CH4 emission estimates (based on in situ and Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) atmospheric observations and an ensemble of atmospheric inverse-model results) and bottom-up estimates (based on process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, inventories of anthropogenic emissions, and data-driven extrapolations). We present a budget for the most recent 2010–2019 calendar decade (the latest period for which full data sets are available), for the previous decade of 2000–2009 and for the year 2020.
The revision of the bottom-up budget in this 2025 edition benefits from important progress in estimating inland freshwater emissions, with better counting of emissions from lakes and ponds, reservoirs, and streams and rivers. This budget also reduces double counting across freshwater and wetland emissions and, for the first time, includes an estimate of the potential double counting that may exist (average of 23 Tg CH4 yr−1). Bottom-up approaches show that the combined wetland and inland freshwater emissions average 248 [159–369] Tg CH4 yr−1 for the 2010–2019 decade. Natural fluxes are perturbed by human activities through climate, eutrophication, and land use. In this budget, we also estimate, for the first time, this anthropogenic component contributing to wetland and inland freshwater emissions. Newly available gridded products also allowed us to derive an almost complete latitudinal and regional budget based on bottom-up approaches.
For the 2010–2019 decade, global CH4 emissions are estimated by atmospheric inversions (top-down) to be 575 Tg CH4 yr−1 (range 553–586, corresponding to the minimum and maximum estimates of the model ensemble). Of this amount, 369 Tg CH4 yr−1 or ∼ 65 % is attributed to direct anthropogenic sources in the fossil, agriculture, and waste and anthropogenic biomass burning (range 350–391 Tg CH4 yr−1 or 63 %–68 %). For the 2000–2009 period, the atmospheric inversions give a slightly lower total emission than for 2010–2019, by 32 Tg CH4 yr−1 (range 9–40). The 2020 emission rate is the highest of the period and reaches 608 Tg CH4 yr−1 (range 581–627), which is 12 % higher than the average emissions in the 2000s. Since 2012, global direct anthropogenic CH4 emission trends have been tracking scenarios that assume no or minimal climate mitigation policies proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (shared socio-economic pathways SSP5 and SSP3). Bottom-up methods suggest 16 % (94 Tg CH4 yr−1) larger global emissions (669 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 512–849) than top-down inversion methods for the 2010–2019 period. The discrepancy between the bottom-up and the top-down budgets has been greatly reduced compared to the previous differences (167 and 156 Tg CH4 yr−1 in Saunois et al. (2016, 2020) respectively), and for the first time uncertainties in bottom-up and top-down budgets overlap. Although differences have been reduced between inversions and bottom-up, the most important source of uncertainty in the global CH4 budget is still attributable to natural emissions, especially those from wetlands and inland freshwaters.
The tropospheric loss of methane, as the main contributor to methane lifetime, has been estimated at 563 [510–663] Tg CH4 yr−1 based on chemistry–climate models. These values are slightly larger than for 2000–2009 due to the impact of the rise in atmospheric methane and remaining large uncertainty (∼ 25 %). The total sink of CH4 is estimated at 633 [507–796] Tg CH4 yr−1 by the bottom-up approaches and at 554 [550–567] Tg CH4 yr−1 by top-down approaches. However, most of the top-down models use the same OH distribution, which introduces less uncertainty to the global budget than is likely justified.
For 2010–2019, agriculture and waste contributed an estimated 228 [213–242] Tg CH4 yr−1 in the top-down budget and 211 [195–231] Tg CH4 yr−1 in the bottom-up budget. Fossil fuel emissions contributed 115 [100–124] Tg CH4 yr−1 in the top-down budget and 120 [117–125] Tg CH4 yr−1 in the bottom-up budget. Biomass and biofuel burning contributed 27 [26–27] Tg CH4 yr−1 in the top-down budget and 28 [21–39] Tg CH4 yr−1 in the bottom-up budget.
We identify five major priorities for improving the CH4 budget: (i) producing a global, high-resolution map of water-saturated soils and inundated areas emitting CH4 based on a robust classification of different types of emitting ecosystems; (ii) further development of process-based models for inland-water emissions; (iii) intensification of CH4 observations at local (e.g. FLUXNET-CH4 measurements, urban-scale monitoring, satellite imagery with pointing capabilities) to regional scales (surface networks and global remote sensing measurements from satellites) to constrain both bottom-up models and atmospheric inversions; (iv) improvements of transport models and the representation of photochemical sinks in top-down inversions; and (v) integration of 3D variational inversion systems using isotopic and/or co-emitted species such as ethane as well as information in the bottom-up inventories on anthropogenic super-emitters detected by remote sensing (mainly oil and gas sector but also coal, agriculture, and landfills) to improve source partitioning.
","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/essd-17-1873-2025","usgsCitation":"Saunois, M., Martinez, A., Poulter, B., Zhang, Z., Raymond, P.A., Regnier, P., Canadell, J.G., Jackson, R.B., Patra, P.K., Bousquet, P., Ciais, P., Dlugokencky, E.J., Lan, X., Allen, G.H., Bastviken, D., Beerling, D.J., Belikov, D., Blake, D.R., Castaldi, S., Crippa, M., Deemer, B., Dennison, F., Etiope, G., Gedney, N., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Holgerson, M.A., Hopcroft, P.O., Hugelius, G., Ito, A., Jain, A.K., Janardanan, R., Johnson, M.S., Kleinen, T., Krummel, P.B., Lauerwald, R., Li, T., Liu, X., McDonald, K.C., Melton, J.R., Mühle, J., Müller, J., Murguia-Flores, F., Niwa, Y., Noce, S., Pan, S., Parker, R.J., Peng, C., Ramonet, M., Riley, W.J., Rocher-Ros, G., Rosentreter, J.A., Sasakawa, M., Segers, A., Smith, S.J., Stanley, E.H., Thanwerdas, J., Tian, H., Tsuruta, A., Tubiello, F.N., Weber, T.S., van der Werf, G.R., Worthy, D.E., Xi, Y., Yoshida, Y., Zhang, W., Zheng, B., Zhu, Q., Zhu, Q., and Zhuang, Q., 2025, Global methane budget 2000-2020: Earth System Science Data, v. 17, no. 5, p. 1873-1958, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1873-2025.","productDescription":"86 p.","startPage":"1873","endPage":"1958","ipdsId":"IP-163722","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1561-2020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saunois, Marielle","contributorId":217394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saunois","given":"Marielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39615,"text":"Universite 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State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":66},{"text":"Zhu, Qing","contributorId":260547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhu","given":"Qing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":948310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":67},{"text":"Zhu, Qiuan","contributorId":197933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhu","given":"Qiuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6612,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6613,"text":"Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":68},{"text":"Zhuang, Qianlai","contributorId":207137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhuang","given":"Qianlai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":69}]}} ,{"id":70267494,"text":"70267494 - 2025 - Small waterbodies of large conservation concern: Towards an integrated approach to more accurately measuring surface water dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-27T14:15:43.711544","indexId":"70267494","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-09T09:04:33","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small waterbodies of large conservation concern: Towards an integrated approach to more accurately measuring surface water dynamics","docAbstract":"Millions of small waterbodies are dispersed throughout the middle of the North American continent, and billions of dollars have been invested to conserve, restore, and manage these waterbodies in the 20th and 21st centuries. Small waterbody conservation has been supported by different stakeholders aiming at improving water quality, enhancing floodwater storage, and supporting migratory bird breeding habitat. Conservation agencies are using hydrological and biological monitoring, modeling, and mapping to adaptively manage small waterbodies in the face of stressors such as invasive species and climate change. As remote sensing estimates of small waterbody surface water extent have become easier to access, understanding the capabilities and limitations of using remote sensing, especially in areas lacking surface water monitoring, is important for conservation decision making. Here, we used in situ monitoring and process-based hydrological modeling to explore remote sensing accuracy, especially related to waterbody size, emergent aquatic vegetation cover, and climatic conditions. Overall, we found that the accuracy of satellite and aerial imagery surface water mapping approaches vastly decreased for waterbodies smaller than 2 ha. We also found emergent vegetation could be masking surface water in waterbodies larger than 2 ha and that accuracy of some remote sensing estimates may decrease during wetter climatic periods. These results indicate that sensors commonly used for surface water applications alone may not be able to accurately detect small waterbody surface water, which supports the need for combining monitoring and modeling to understand how small waterbodies may respond to future changes in climate and land use.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113525","usgsCitation":"McKenna, O.P., Lothspeich, A., Vacek, S., MacDonald, D., Eash, J., Vanderhoof, M.K., McCulloch, E., Ross, C., Sabrina, S., and Knight, J., 2025, Small waterbodies of large conservation concern: Towards an integrated approach to more accurately measuring surface water dynamics: Ecological Indicators, v. 175, 113525, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113525.","productDescription":"113525, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-156979","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113525","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486573,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Nelson Lake Waterfowl Protection Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.298889,\n 45.492\n ],\n [\n -95.298889,\n 45.4889\n ],\n [\n -95.295,\n 45.4889\n ],\n [\n -95.295,\n 45.492\n ],\n [\n -95.298889,\n 45.492\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"175","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, Owen P. 0000-0002-5937-9436 omckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-9436","contributorId":198598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"Owen","email":"omckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":938404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lothspeich, Audrey Claire 0000-0002-5460-6142","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5460-6142","contributorId":355935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lothspeich","given":"Audrey Claire","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vacek, Sara","contributorId":178445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vacek","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":938406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MacDonald, Dawn","contributorId":355936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Dawn","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eash, Josh D.","contributorId":267175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eash","given":"Josh D.","affiliations":[{"id":55428,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 5600 American Blvd. W., Bloomington, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - 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2025 - A partner-driven decision support model to inform the reintroduction of bull trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-09T15:23:24.336355","indexId":"70266550","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-08T10:13:24","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A partner-driven decision support model to inform the reintroduction of bull trout","docAbstract":"Assessments of species reintroductions involve a series of complex decisions that include human perspectives and ecological contexts. Here, we present a reintroduction assessment involving bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) using a structured decision-making process. We approached this assessment by engaging partners representing public utilities, government agencies, and Tribes with shared interests in a potential reintroduction. These individuals identified objectives, decision alternatives, and ecological scenarios that were incorporated into a co-produced simulation-based model of potential reintroduction outcomes. The model included mathematical representations of habitat availability, life history expression, and assumptions regarding constraints on potential bull trout populations. Within each recipient stream, partners chose to explore a wide range of decision alternatives and simulated scenarios affecting reintroduction success. Results suggested that 1) reintroductions using eggs or adults were most optimal, 2) adding more individuals resulted in diminishing returns, 3) access to migratory habitat could improve success, and 4) the diversity of opportunities for life history expression led to improved reintroduction opportunities. In addition, modeled scenarios indicated some recipient streams consistently produced lower abundance of reintroduced bull trout. This work contributes a novel example to a growing portfolio of reintroduction assessments that may inform future conservation for bull trout and many other species facing similar challenges.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323427","usgsCitation":"Benjamin, J.R., Neibauer, J., Anthony, H., Vazquez, J., Rawhouser, A., and Dunham, J., 2025, A partner-driven decision support model to inform the reintroduction of bull trout: PLoS ONE, v. 20, no. 5, e0323427, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323427.","productDescription":"e0323427, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172949","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323427","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Chelan watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.49036241599774,\n 48.04634063295097\n ],\n [\n -120.37067822007936,\n 48.16552254778642\n ],\n [\n -120.75794320314404,\n 48.538515779248854\n ],\n [\n -120.80213597240349,\n 48.5303354671282\n ],\n [\n -121.11319724267128,\n 48.54549059352783\n ],\n [\n -121.18989609066836,\n 48.38742171862049\n ],\n [\n -121.0025710146728,\n 48.255137103181255\n ],\n [\n -120.49036241599774,\n 48.04634063295097\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benjamin, Joseph R. 0000-0003-3733-6838 jbenjamin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-6838","contributorId":3999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"Joseph","email":"jbenjamin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":936553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neibauer, Judith","contributorId":354836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neibauer","given":"Judith","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anthony, Hugh","contributorId":354839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anthony","given":"Hugh","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vazquez, Jose","contributorId":354841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jose","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rawhouser, Ashley","contributorId":243429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rawhouser","given":"Ashley","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunham, Jason 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":220078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":936558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70266306,"text":"70266306 - 2025 - Variability in hydrologic response to wildfire between snow zones in forested headwaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T15:08:04.001368","indexId":"70266306","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-08T10:02:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variability in hydrologic response to wildfire between snow zones in forested headwaters","docAbstract":"Rising temperatures and shifting fire regimes in the western United States are pushing fires upslope into areas of deep winter snowpack, where we have little knowledge of the likely hydrologic impacts of wildfire. We quantified differences in the timing and magnitude of stormflow responses to summer rainstorms among six catchments of varying levels of burn severity and seasonal snowpack cover for years 1–3 after the 2020 Cameron Peak fire. Our objectives were to (1) examine whether responsiveness, magnitude, and timing of stormflow responses to rainfall vary between burned and unburned catchments and between snow zones, and (2) identify the factors that affect these responses. We evaluated whether differences in storm hydrograph peak flow, total flow, stage rise, and lag to peak time differed by snow zone and burn category using generalised linear models. Additional predictors in these models are the maximum 60-min rainfall intensity for each storm, the cumulative potential water deficit prior to the storm, and the year post-fire. These models showed that the high snow zone (HSZ) has higher total stormflow than the low snow zone (LSZ), likely due to the higher soil moisture content in that area. In both snow zones, the biggest driver of the magnitude of the stormflow response was MI60. Burn category did not have a clear impact on stormflow response in the HSZ, but it did impact stage rise at the severely burned catchment in the LSZ. This was the only site that had widespread overland flow post-fire. These results demonstrate that the stormflow responses to fire vary between snow zones, indicating a need to account for elevation and snow persistence in post-fire risk assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70151","usgsCitation":"Miller, Q., Barnard, D.M., Sears, M., Hammond, J., and Kampf, S., 2025, Variability in hydrologic response to wildfire between snow zones in forested headwaters: Hydrological Processes, v. 39, no. 5, e70151, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70151.","productDescription":"e70151, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172047","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70151","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 40.333\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 40.333\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 41\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Quinn","contributorId":354373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Quinn","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnard, David M 0000-0003-1877-3151","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1877-3151","contributorId":222833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnard","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":18168,"text":"USDA ARS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sears, Megan","contributorId":354374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sears","given":"Megan","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hammond, John C. 0000-0002-4935-0736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0736","contributorId":223108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"John C.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kampf, Stephanie","contributorId":346221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kampf","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70267683,"text":"70267683 - 2025 - Interpreting a sudden population decline in a long-lived species (Malaclemys terrapin rhizophorarum)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-29T15:03:15.907361","indexId":"70267683","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-07T07:57:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpreting a sudden population decline in a long-lived species (Malaclemys terrapin rhizophorarum)","docAbstract":"Long-term ecological studies are critical for providing insight into population dynamics and detecting population declines, particularly for species of conservation concern. However, spatiotemporal variation and logistical challenges make the identification of sudden population declines difficult. We conducted an in-water capture-mark-recapture study of mangrove diamond-backed terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin rhizophorarum) within Big Sable Creek, in Everglades National Park, Florida. We used an 18-year dataset (2001 to 2019) incorporating year, sex, hurricane occurrence, and sampling effort to estimate survival using Cormack–Jolly–Seber (CJS) models in Program Mark. Annual survivorship estimates were high from 2001 to 2003 for both sexes (91%–96%) and variable from 2006 to 2014 (77%–92%). Beginning in 2015, survival estimates exhibited a steeper decline (females: 65%, males 75%), and dropped to below 36% by 2018. Because the driver of this apparent population decline is unknown, we created a population projection matrix and used model-estimated annual survival to simulate annual terrapin population size. We then generated competing scenarios of low survival at various age classes to attempt to reproduce a simulated decline mirroring what we observed from our capture data. A scenario of low adult survival (75%–85%) from 2012 to 2018, possibly in conjunction with no reproduction after 2010, provides estimates of abundance that appear to match simulated annual population size and may indicate that adult emigration/human removal or a drastic drop in recruitment could be responsible for the apparent decline in survival. We explore reasons for this apparent decline and highlight difficulties common to long-term studies that may influence how declines are interpreted.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71347","usgsCitation":"Guzy, J.C., Smith, B., Denton, M., Cherkiss, M., Roche, D., Crowder, A., and Hart, K., 2025, Interpreting a sudden population decline in a long-lived species (Malaclemys terrapin rhizophorarum): Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 5, e71347, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71347.","productDescription":"e71347, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168394","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71347","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Cape Sable, Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.29674951955056,\n 25.648529217591914\n ],\n [\n -81.29674951955056,\n 25.09922085696259\n ],\n [\n -80.79518175403075,\n 25.09922085696259\n ],\n [\n -80.79518175403075,\n 25.648529217591914\n ],\n [\n -81.29674951955056,\n 25.648529217591914\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guzy, Jacquelyn C. 0000-0003-2648-398X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2648-398X","contributorId":288520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guzy","given":"Jacquelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Brian J. 0000-0002-0531-0492","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0531-0492","contributorId":139672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Brian J.","affiliations":[{"id":12876,"text":"Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denton, Mathew 0000-0002-1024-3722","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3722","contributorId":210504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denton","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cherkiss, Michael 0000-0002-7802-6791","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-6791","contributorId":218466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkiss","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roche, David 0000-0002-3329-2746 droche@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3329-2746","contributorId":204332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roche","given":"David","email":"droche@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13165,"text":"Nova Southeastern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":938540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crowder, Andrew G.","contributorId":355985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crowder","given":"Andrew G.","affiliations":[{"id":84891,"text":"Xylem Analytics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hart, Kristen 0000-0002-5257-7974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":218324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70266883,"text":"70266883 - 2025 - Long-term patterns in growth of White Sturgeon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River basin, California.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:11:35.40062","indexId":"70266883","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-06T09:26:29","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18328,"text":"Frontiers in Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term patterns in growth of White Sturgeon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River basin, California.","docAbstract":"Introduction: The Sacramento-San Joaquin River system (SSJ) of California includes both riverine, delta, and estuarine habitats and is among the most modified aquatic ecosystems in the United States. Water development projects in the system are associated with declines of many native species, including White Sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus.
Methods: We used White Sturgeon pectoral fin rays collected from 1983 to 2016 throughout the SSJ to assess long-term changes in growth and associations with thermal and hydrological conditions (i.e., temperature, discharge, salinity). Age and growth were estimated from 1,897 White Sturgeon varying in fork length from 25 to 210 cm and from age 0 to 33.
Results: Age structure varied through time with the oldest fish generally sampled during the mid-1980s. Growth of White Sturgeon in 1951–1970 was slower than growth of fish in 1971–1990 and 1991–2012. Growth of White Sturgeon during 1991–2012 was ~10% higher than during other time periods.
Discussion: Little variation in growth was explained by environmental covariates, suggesting that annual growth was likely influenced by factors not measured in our study. Alternatively, population structure and movement behavior of White Sturgeon in the SSJ may be such that the scale (i.e., spatial or temporal) of available habitat covariates was mismatched to the scale at which growth of White Sturgeon responds. Increased growth in recent times may be partly due to density-dependent processes in association with substantial declines in White Sturgeon population abundance over the last several decades. This research provides important information on long-term patterns in growth that contributes to the conservation and management of White Sturgeon in the SSJ and beyond.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/ffwsc.2025.1577065","usgsCitation":"Quist, M.C., Blackburn, S., Ulaski, M., and Jackson, Z., 2025, Long-term patterns in growth of White Sturgeon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River basin, California.: Frontiers in Freshwater Science, v. 3, 1577065, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/ffwsc.2025.1577065.","productDescription":"1577065, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175717","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488907,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffwsc.2025.1577065","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485931,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.79850686101548,\n 38.755876798924476\n ],\n [\n -122.64621142922209,\n 38.755876798924476\n ],\n [\n -122.64621142922209,\n 37.31156292678925\n ],\n [\n -120.79850686101548,\n 37.31156292678925\n ],\n [\n -120.79850686101548,\n 38.755876798924476\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":207142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blackburn, Shannon","contributorId":338596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blackburn","given":"Shannon","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ulaski, Marta","contributorId":280108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulaski","given":"Marta","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackson, Zachary","contributorId":338597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Zachary","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70268784,"text":"70268784 - 2025 - Factors influencing landslide occurrence in low-relief formerly glaciated landscapes: Landslide inventory and susceptibility analysis in Minnesota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-08T15:50:15.049077","indexId":"70268784","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-06T08:46:13","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing landslide occurrence in low-relief formerly glaciated landscapes: Landslide inventory and susceptibility analysis in Minnesota, USA","docAbstract":"In landscapes recently impacted by continental glaciation, landslides may occur where topographic relief has been generated by the drainage of glacial lakes and ensuing post-glacial fluvial network development into unconsolidated glacially derived sediments and exhumed bedrock. To investigate linkages among environmental variables, post-glacial landscape development, and landslides, we created a landslide inventory of nearly 10,000 landslides in five regions of the formerly glaciated low-relief state of Minnesota, USA. Multivariate logistic regression indicates the importance of slope angle, lithology, and the development of stream valleys to landslide distribution. Areas underlain by fine-grained glaciolacustrine and nearshore deposits that are incised by streams are particularly prone to shallow (<1-2 m depth) landslides. Landslides also occur in a wide range of glacial and fluvial deposits, and as rockfall in layered Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in central and southern Minnesota and Precambrian igneous and sedimentary rocks in northeastern Minnesota. Although no more than 1-2% of the studied regions are susceptible to landslides, they can pose risk to life and safety, damage infrastructure, and impact water quality. The combination of recently generated low-relief steep slopes, extensive unconsolidated sediments, and layered sedimentary bedrock make this formerly glaciated landscape more susceptible to landslides than current national-scale models indicate.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s11069-025-07262-8","usgsCitation":"Triplett, L., Hammer, M.N., DeLong, S.B., Gran, K.B., Jennings, C.E., Engle, Z.T., Bartley, J., Blumentritt, D., Breckenridge, A., Day, S., Kohout, M., Larson, P., McDermott, J., and Richard, E., 2025, Factors influencing landslide occurrence in low-relief formerly glaciated landscapes: Landslide inventory and susceptibility analysis in Minnesota, USA: Natural Hazards, v. 121, p. 11799-11827, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-025-07262-8.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"11799","endPage":"11827","ipdsId":"IP-176536","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science 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sdelong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-2172","contributorId":5240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLong","given":"Stephen","email":"sdelong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":941944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gran, Karen B.","contributorId":288093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gran","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":941945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jennings, Carrie E.","contributorId":288092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jennings","given":"Carrie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":941946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Engle, Zachary T. 0000-0002-6412-7727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6412-7727","contributorId":300814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":941947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bartley, Julie K.","contributorId":353117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartley","given":"Julie K.","affiliations":[{"id":84345,"text":"Gustavus Adolphus College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blumentritt, Dylan J.","contributorId":353118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blumentritt","given":"Dylan J.","affiliations":[{"id":61757,"text":"Winona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Breckenridge, Andy","contributorId":357609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breckenridge","given":"Andy","affiliations":[{"id":33516,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Superior","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Day, Stephanie","contributorId":353120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Day","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":12471,"text":"North Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kohout, Melissa A.","contributorId":353121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kohout","given":"Melissa A.","affiliations":[{"id":84347,"text":"Mankato State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Larson, Philip H.","contributorId":353122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Philip H.","affiliations":[{"id":84348,"text":"Minnesota State University Mankato","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"McDermott, Jeni A.","contributorId":353123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDermott","given":"Jeni A.","affiliations":[{"id":6748,"text":"University of St. Thomas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Richard, Emilie","contributorId":300815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richard","given":"Emilie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18006,"text":"University of Minnesota Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70267313,"text":"70267313 - 2025 - Modeling lamprey distribution using flow, geomorphology, and elevation in a terminal lake system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-16T14:01:42.236379","indexId":"70267313","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-06T08:31:51","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling lamprey distribution using flow, geomorphology, and elevation in a terminal lake system","docAbstract":"Objective
Lampreys are an ecologically important group of fishes. Several species are imperiled and lack key distribution and habitat data. The terminal Goose Lake Basin, U.S.A. is home to two such species, the Goose Lake Lamprey, Entosphenus sp. (formally undescribed), and the Pit-Klamath Brook Lamprey, E. lethophagus. Species distribution models (SDMs) are useful for identifying key habitats; however, SDMs are subject to accuracy impairments caused by scale mismatches and spatial autocorrelation—both exacerbated by the hierarchical structure of dendritic stream networks. Our goal was to relate lamprey presence–absence to ecological drivers and predict the distribution of lampreys across the Goose Lake Basin.
Methods
Using a dataset pooling approach, we integrated count and presence–absence data from five surveys and relevant habitat variables from publicly available, geospatial datasets to build logistic regression models. To account for potential mismatches of scale, we compared three sample grains for slope and sinuosity (i.e., stream segment lengths: 250, 500, and 1,000 m), and two scales of elevation (site and watershed). We accounted for spatial autocorrelation by incorporating network-based and Euclidean spatial dependencies using a spatial stream network (SSN) modeling approach. Using the best-fit spatial and non-spatial models, we predicted basin-wide lamprey distribution.
Result
Flow, sinuosity at our largest sample grain (1,000 m), and watershed-scale elevation were positively associated with lamprey presence, whereas slope was negatively associated. The non-spatial model predicted lamprey presence among sinuous, low-gradient streams, whereas the spatial model, which identified Euclidean and flow-connected spatial relationships, predicted contiguous patches with a high probability of occurrence near areas with previously observed presences.
Conclusions
Our study revealed ecological relationships and produced an accurate basinwide SDM. Prediction and inference improved after accounting for spatial relationships across multiple scales. Developing accurate and efficient modeling strategies that incorporate the hierarchical structure inherent to stream ecosystems aids in the management and conservation of native fishes such as lampreys.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/tafafs/vnaf017","usgsCitation":"Dickey, J., Clemens, B.J., Dumelle, M., and Davis, M.J., 2025, Modeling lamprey distribution using flow, geomorphology, and elevation in a terminal lake system: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 154, no. 3, p. 322-338, https://doi.org/10.1093/tafafs/vnaf017.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"322","endPage":"338","ipdsId":"IP-170580","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486248,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"154","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickey, Jacob C.","contributorId":350824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickey","given":"Jacob C.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clemens, Benjamin J.","contributorId":195098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clemens","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":937700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dumelle, Michael 0000-0002-3393-5529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3393-5529","contributorId":355601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dumelle","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Melanie J. 0000-0003-1734-7177","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-7177","contributorId":202773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70266471,"text":"70266471 - 2025 - Inferring snowpack contributions and the mean elevation of source water to streamflow in the Willamette River, Oregon using water stable isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-07T18:42:39.895388","indexId":"70266471","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-04T13:38:57","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferring snowpack contributions and the mean elevation of source water to streamflow in the Willamette River, Oregon using water stable isotopes","docAbstract":"Snowpacks are an important water source for mountainous rivers, worldwide. The timing and volume of streamflow in systems reliant on snowmelt can be affected by changes in snow accumulation and melt time. In the Cascade Range (western USA), seasonal snowpacks are predicted to decrease by over 50% within the next century. During the last decade, Cascade Range snowpacks have varied between 17% and 150% of the median 1981–2023 peak snowpack values. To understand how snowpack variation could affect Willamette River streamflow, we monitored water stable isotopes over 13 years from two sites on the mainstem and 60 streams draining small catchments across the Willamette River Basin. Small catchment water stable isotope values integrated and dampened variation in precipitation isotopes and varied with elevation, providing a marker for determining the mean elevation from which streamflow in the Willamette River was derived. During winter, while snow accumulates in the mountains, most streamflow in the Willamette River originates from rainfall at lower elevations. During summer low-flow conditions, most streamflow in the river was derived from winter snow that accumulated at elevations above 1200 m, which represents < 12% of the Willamette River Basin area. Peak snow water equivalent from the previous winter was positively correlated with the proportion of Willamette River streamflow derived from > 1200 m during the summer low-flow period, but both high elevation (> 1200 m) precipitation and temperature trends explained nearly as much variance as snow water equivalent. However, after accounting for climate trends, the estimated amount of high-elevation streamflow in the Willamette River during summer low-flow has decreased over the past 13 years. Improved understanding of the origin of, and trends in, summer streamflow in the Willamette River will aid in reconciling human demands with biological instream requirements during periods of low snowpack.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70136","usgsCitation":"Brooks, J.R., Johnson, H.M., Johnson, K., Cline, S., Comeleo, R., Rugh, W., and Trine, L., 2025, Inferring snowpack contributions and the mean elevation of source water to streamflow in the Willamette River, Oregon using water stable isotopes: Hydrological Processes, v. 39, no. 5, e70136, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70136.","productDescription":"e70136, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172923","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485517,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.95523621449394,\n 45.86142450803834\n ],\n [\n -123.81476990715908,\n 44.89596823269312\n ],\n [\n -123.72977022633785,\n 43.74103690962323\n ],\n [\n -123.07197402264748,\n 42.915774707124\n ],\n [\n -122.07756499909124,\n 42.658344639098516\n ],\n [\n -121.39018022281371,\n 43.76496540434982\n ],\n [\n -121.33327288435316,\n 44.70946434908879\n ],\n [\n -121.72513456164276,\n 45.32271768048014\n ],\n [\n -122.32368441902653,\n 45.52334782078054\n ],\n [\n -122.66134858778295,\n 45.556744965138535\n ],\n [\n -122.95523621449394,\n 45.86142450803834\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, J. 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Here, we use tritium age dating to show that contrary to the common assumption that snowmelt quickly contributes to runoff, streamflow during snowmelt in western US catchments is dominated by older groundwater. The average age of streamwater during snowmelt runoff (5.7 ± 4.3 years) was intermediate to the average age of groundwater (10.4 ± 4.5 years) and recent precipitation, indicating that 58% (±34%) of snowmelt runoff was derived from groundwater. Water ages, streamflow, and groundwater storage were mediated by bedrock geology: low-permeability hard rock/shale catchments exhibited younger ages, less storage, and more efficient streamflow generation than high-permeability sandstone/clastic catchments. Our results demonstrate that snowmelt runoff is the result of multiple prior years of climate mediated by groundwater storage. Including these interactions will be crucial for predicting water resources as climate and landscape changes accelerate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s43247-025-02303-3","usgsCitation":"Brooks, P.D., Solomon, D., Kampf, S., Warix, S., Bern, C.R., Barnard, D., Barnard, H.R., Carling, G.T., Carroll, R., Chorover, J., Harpold, A., Lohse, K., Meza, F., McIntosh, J., Neilson, B., Sears, M., and Wolf, M., 2025, Groundwater dominates snowmelt runoff and controls streamflow efficiency in the western United States: Communications Earth & Environment, v. 6, 341, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02303-3.","productDescription":"341, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172013","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02303-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486506,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western united States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.0181665891808,\n 48.94832156904479\n ],\n [\n -125.33002798384842,\n 48.94832156904479\n ],\n [\n -125.33002798384842,\n 31.337662810224828\n ],\n [\n -104.0181665891808,\n 31.337662810224828\n ],\n [\n -104.0181665891808,\n 48.94832156904479\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, Paul D.","contributorId":139471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12566,"text":"Department of Geology and Geophysics, Unviersity of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solomon, D. 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2025 - One-hundred fundamental, open questions to integrate methodological approaches in lake ice research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-05T14:19:08.992831","indexId":"70266346","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-03T09:11:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"One-hundred fundamental, open questions to integrate methodological approaches in lake ice research","docAbstract":"The rate of technological innovation within aquatic sciences outpaces the collective ability of individual scientists within the field to make appropriate use of those technologies. The process of in situ lake sampling remains the primary choice to comprehensively understand an aquatic ecosystem at local scales; however, the impact of climate change on lakes necessitates the rapid advancement of understanding and the incorporation of lakes on both landscape and global scales. Three fields driving innovation within winter limnology that we address here are autonomous real-time in situ monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling. The recent progress in low-power in situ sensing and data telemetry allows continuous tracing of under-ice processes in selected lakes as well as the development of global lake observational networks. Remote sensing offers consistent monitoring of numerous systems, allowing limnologists to ask certain questions across large scales. Models are advancing and historically come in different types (process-based or statistical data-driven), with the recent technological advancements and integration of machine learning and hybrid process-based/statistical models. Lake ice modeling enhances our understanding of lake dynamics and allows for projections under future climate warming scenarios. To encourage the merging of technological innovation within limnological research of the less-studied winter period, we have accumulated both essential details on the history and uses of contemporary sampling, remote sensing, and modeling techniques. We crafted 100 questions in the field of winter limnology that aim to facilitate the cross-pollination of intensive and extensive modes of study to broaden knowledge of the winter period.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024WR039042","usgsCitation":"Culpepper, J., Sharma, S., Gunn, G., Magee, M., Meyer, M.F., Anderson, E., Arp, C.D., Cooley, S., Dolan, W., Dugan, H., Duguay, C.R., Jones, B.C., Kirillin, G., Ladwig, R., Lepparanta, M., Long, D., Magnuson, J.J., Pavelsky, T., Piccolroaz, S., Robertson, D., Steele, B., Tom, M., Weyhenmeyer, G.A., Woolway, R., Xenopoulos, M., and Yang, X., 2025, One-hundred fundamental, open questions to integrate methodological approaches in lake ice research: Water Resources Research, v. 616, no. 5, e2024WR039042, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024WR039042.","productDescription":"e2024WR039042, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157843","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science 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While pesticides have ensured efficient crop production, they are frequently transported away from application sites and are found in almost all terrestrial and aquatic environments. Pesticides are frequently detected in watersheds and rivers, but there is limited research on pesticide presence in United States (U.S.) marine environments. To address these data gaps, this study documents pesticide occurrence in U.S. coastal waters, providing new understanding of pesticide contamination in offshore environments. Polar organic chemical integrative samples (POCIS) were deployed at five sites along the Oregon, U.S. coast to examine the occurrence of pesticides. Between two and seven different pesticides were detected at every site, with herbicides diuron, and atrazine, and fungicides carbendazim, propiconazole, and tebuconazole being the most frequently detected at three sites. The prevalence of herbicides and fungicides in coastal waters indicates a connection between terrestrial pesticide practices and marine contamination. These findings provide new insights into the presence of pesticides in coastal nearshore and offshore waters and suggest that a comprehensive monitoring effort could enhance our understanding of sources, transport, and pesticide risks for marine species both nearshore and offshore.
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