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\nDifferent platforms, which included a variety of hull configurations, were tested for drag and stability at the U.S. Geological Survey tow tank and at a field site below a reservoir. The testing indicated that, although any of the designs could be used under certain conditions, trimaran designs provided the best all-around performance under a range of conditions. The trimaran designs housed the ADCP in the center hull; this resulted in lower drag than the catamaran designs and retained the stability advantage of catamarans over monohull designs. Waterproof radio modems that operate at 900 megahertz were used to communicate wirelessly with instruments at high baud rates.
\nA tethered-platform design with a trimaran hull and 900-megahertz radio modems is now commercially available. Continued field use has resulted in U.S. Geological Survey procedures for making tethered-platform discharge measurements, including methods for tethered-boat deployment, moving-bed tests, and measurement of edge distances.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr03237","usgsCitation":"Rehmel, M.S., Stewart, J., and Morlock, S.E., 2003, Tethered acoustic doppler current profiler platforms for measuring streamflow: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003–0237, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03237.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0237/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":4413,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0237/ofr20030237.pdf","text":"Report ","size":"376 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2003-0237"}],"country":"United 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U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278
This data set consists of nine files of geochemical information on various types of surficial deposits in northwestern Wisconsin and immediately adjacent parts of Michigan and Minnesota. The files are presented in two formats: as dbase files in dbaseIV form and Microsoft Excel form. The data present multi-element chemical analyses of soils, stream sediments, and lake sediments. Latitude and longitude values are provided in each file so that the dbf files can be readily imported to GIS applications. Metadata files are provided in outline form, question and answer form and text form. The metadata includes information on procedures for sample collection, sample preparation, and chemical analyses including sensitivity and precision.
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standard reference samples -- T-173 (trace constituents), M-166 (major constituents), N-77 (nutrient constituents), N-78 (nutrient constituents), P-40 (low ionic-strength constituents), and Hg-36 (mercury) -- that were distributed in March 2003 to laboratories enrolled in the U.S. Geological Survey sponsored interlaboratory testing program. Analytical data received from 110 laboratories were evaluated with respect to overall laboratory performance and relative laboratory performance for each analyte in the six reference samples. Results of these evaluations are presented in tabular form. Also presented are tables and graphs summarizing the analytical data provided by each laboratory for each analyte in the six standard reference samples. The most probable value for each analyte was determined using nonparametric statistics.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03261","usgsCitation":"Woodworth, M.T., and Connor, B.F., 2003, Results of the U.S. Geological Survey's analytical evaluation program for standard reference samples distributed in March 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-261, iv, 109 p. : ill. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03261.","productDescription":"iv, 109 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.","temporalStart":"2003-03-01","temporalEnd":"2003-03-30","costCenters":[{"id":576,"text":"Standard Reference Sample Project- Branch of Quality Systems","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4404,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://bqs.usgs.gov/srs/Report_Spr03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":8430,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://bqs.usgs.gov/srs/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6055a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodworth, Mark T. woodwort@usgs.gov","contributorId":3452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodworth","given":"Mark","email":"woodwort@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":243456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connor, Brooke F. bfconnor@usgs.gov","contributorId":3172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"Brooke","email":"bfconnor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":243455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":51395,"text":"ofr03268 - 2003 - Density and magnetic susceptibility values for rocks in the Talkeetna Mountains and adjacent region, south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T14:03:04.202275","indexId":"ofr03268","displayToPublicDate":"2003-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-268","title":"Density and magnetic susceptibility values for rocks in the Talkeetna Mountains and adjacent region, south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"This report presents a compilation and statistical analysis of 306 density and 706 magnetic susceptibility measurements of rocks from south-central Alaska that were collected by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys (ADGGS) scientists between the summers of 1999 and 2002. This work is a product of the USGS Talkeetna Mountains Transect Project and was supported by USGS projects in the Talkeetna Mountains and Iron Creek region, and by Bureau of Land Management (BLM) projects in the Delta River Mining District that aim to characterize the subsurface structures of the region. These data were collected to constrain potential field models (i.e., gravity and magnetic) that are combined with other geophysical methods to identify and model major faults, terrane boundaries, and potential mineral resources of the study area. Because gravity and magnetic field anomalies reflect variations in the density and magnetic susceptibility of the underlying lithology, these rock properties are essential components of potential field modeling. In general, the average grain density of rocks in the study region increases from sedimentary, felsic, and intermediate igneous rocks, to mafic igneous and metamorphic rocks. Magnetic susceptibility measurements performed on rock outcrops and hand samples from the study area also reveal lower magnetic susceptibilities for sedimentary and felsic intrusive rocks, moderate susceptibility values for metamorphic, felsic extrusive, and intermediate igneous rocks, and higher susceptibility values for mafic igneous rocks. The density and magnetic properties of rocks in the study area are generally consistent with general trends expected for certain rock types.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03268","usgsCitation":"Sanger, E.A., and Glen, J., 2003, Density and magnetic susceptibility values for rocks in the Talkeetna Mountains and adjacent region, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-268, Report: ii, 42 p.; Data File, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03268.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 42 p.; Data File","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179334,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03268.jpg"},{"id":4402,"rank":5,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0268/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":390693,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_55295.htm"},{"id":285722,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0268/pdf/of03-268.pdf"},{"id":285723,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0268/rock_prop.txt"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Talkeetna Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -150.0,62.1667 ], [ -150.0,63.6667 ], [ -145.0,63.6667], [ -145.0,62.1667 ], [ -150.0,62.1667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66eb62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanger, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":50219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanger","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M. 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Local spatial variations in the Earth's gravity field (after various corrections for elevation, terrain, and deep crustal structure explained below) reflect the lateral variation in density in the mid- to upper crust. Densities often can be related to rock type, and abrupt spatial changes in density commonly mark lithologic boundaries. The map shows contours of isostatic gravity overlain on a simplified geology including faults and rock types. 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In this article, we argue that under particular circumstances, adding a second host to a single-host life cycle is likely to enhance transmission (i.e., reaching the target host). For instance, in several situations, the propagules of a parasite exploiting a predator species will achieve a higher host-finding success by encysting in a prey of the target predator than by other dispersal modes. In such a case, selection should favor the transition from a singleto a two-host life cycle that includes the prey species as an intermediate host. We use an optimality model to explore this idea, and we discuss it in relation to dispersal strategies known among free-living species, especially animal dispersal. The model found that selection favored a complex life cycle only if intermediate hosts were more abundant than definitive hosts. The selective value of a complex life cycle increased with predation rates by definitive hosts on intermediate hosts. In exploring trade-offs between transmission strategies, we found that more costly trade-offs made it more difficult to evolve a CLC while less costly trade-offs between traits could favor a mixed strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/375681","usgsCitation":"Choisy, M., Brown, S.P., Lafferty, K.D., and Thomas, F., 2003, Evolution of trophic transmission in parasites: Why add intermediate hosts?: American Naturalist, v. 162, no. 2, p. 172-181, https://doi.org/10.1086/375681.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"172","endPage":"181","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-02502579","text":"External Repository"},{"id":328924,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"162","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe9614e4b0824b2d14d550","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choisy, 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of 8.5 trillion cubic feet of undiscovered natural gas, a mean of 5.9 million barrels of undiscovered oil, and a mean of 7.6 million barrels of undiscovered natural gas liquids in the Black Warrior Basin Province.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs03803","usgsCitation":"Hatch, J., Pawlewicz, M.J., Charpentier, R., Cook, T.A., Crovelli, R.A., Klett, T., Pollastro, R.M., and Schenk, C.J., 2003, Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Black Warrior Basin Province, 2002 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 038-03, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs03803.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_038_03.bmp"},{"id":389177,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB 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reserve growth, outside the United States (Version 1.0; Supercedes FS-070-00): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 062-03, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06203.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_062_03.jpg"},{"id":4440,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-062-03/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0; Supercedes FS-070-00","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f85f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51965,"text":"wri20034108 - 2003 - Methods for Estimating Peak Discharges and Unit Hydrographs for Streams in the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T11:02:07","indexId":"wri20034108","displayToPublicDate":"2003-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4108","title":"Methods for Estimating Peak Discharges and Unit Hydrographs for Streams in the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina","docAbstract":"Procedures for estimating peak discharges and unit hydrographs were developed for streams in the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County in response to a need for better techniques for characterizing the flow of streams. The procedures presented in this report provide the means for estimating unit hydrographs as part of the process used in watershed modeling and(or) design of stormwater-management structures. The procedures include three statistical relations for use in estimating storm peak discharge, unit-hydrograph peak discharge, and unit-hydrograph lag time. A final component of the procedures is the development of a dimensionless unit hydrograph developed from streamflow and rainfall data collected during the 1995-2000 water years at 25 streamgaging stations and up to 60 raingages in the city and county.\r\n\r\nThe statistical relation to estimate the storm peak discharge is based on analyses of observed peak discharges regressed against rainfall and basin characteristics using a database of 412 observations from 61 storm events among the 25 gaging stations. The rainfall characteristics included basin-average rainfall amounts as well as estimates of the maximum and minimum storm rainfall in the basin. The basin characteristics consisted of land-use information and other physical basin characteristics, such as drainage area, channel length, channel slope, percentage of impervious area, and percentage of the basin served by detention. The analyses resulted in a relation that can be used for estimating storm peak discharge based on drainage area, basin-average rainfall, and impervious area.\r\n\r\nAverage unit hydrographs were developed for 24 of 25 streamgaging stations, using from three to nine storms at each site. The average unit hydrograph for each station was converted into four classes of unit hydrographs with durations corresponding to one-fourth, one-third, one-half, and three-fourths of the station-average lag time. For 23 sites, the lag-time-duration hydrographs were then translated into dimensionless unit hydrographs by dividing time ordinates by the lag time and discharge ordinates by peak discharge. For each lag-time-duration class, the dimensionless unit hydrographs for the sites were combined to create an average dimensionless unit hydrograph. The four average dimensionless unit hydrographs were later tested (with estimates of unit-hydrograph peak discharges and lag times) for selection of an overall dimensionless unit hydrograph to be used at ungaged sites in the study area. The two sites where the procedures did not produce unit hydrographs that could be included in the development of the overall dimensionless unit hydrograph had the smallest drainage areas among the sites used in the investigation.\r\n\r\nThe statistical relations for estimating unit-hydrograph peak discharge and lag time were developed by regressing the dependent variables against explanatory variables that describe the basin characteristics. The statistical analyses resulted in a relation for use in estimating a unit-hydrograph peak discharge based on the drainage area. The estimation of the unit-hydrograph lag time is based on the drainage area and percentage of land use in the basin classified as 'woods/brush.' Both relations have coefficients of determination (R2 values) of 0.9 or better.\r\n\r\nThe three components for estimating a unit hydrograph are the dimensionless unit hydrograph and two statistical relations for estimating the unit-hydrograph peak discharge and lag time. These components were applied by using each of the four lag-time-duration average dimensionless unit hydrographs to determine which would be selected as the final overall dimensionless unit hydrograph for streams in the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County. Comparisons of the simulated and observed hydrographs were based on the following: (1) hydrograph width at 50 percent of the peak discharge, (2) hydrograph width at 75 percent of the peak discharge, (3) peak discharge","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20034108","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County","usgsCitation":"Weaver, J., 2003, Methods for Estimating Peak Discharges and Unit Hydrographs for Streams in the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4108, v, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20034108.","productDescription":"v, 50 p.","temporalStart":"1994-10-01","temporalEnd":"2000-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2003_4108.jpg"},{"id":12539,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034108/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Mecklenburg County","city":"Charlotte","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":\"1946\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mecklenburg\",\"state\":\"NC\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-80.7823,35.5113],[-80.7867,35.5031],[-80.7889,35.4949],[-80.7831,35.4836],[-80.7819,35.475],[-80.7779,35.4668],[-80.7778,35.4614],[-80.7744,35.4578],[-80.7549,35.423],[-80.7525,35.4148],[-80.7553,35.4125],[-80.7638,35.4134],[-80.7693,35.402],[-80.7551,35.3944],[-80.7364,35.3786],[-80.7187,35.3624],[-80.704,35.3552],[-80.6983,35.3507],[-80.6822,35.3131],[-80.6677,35.2705],[-80.6214,35.2499],[-80.5954,35.2369],[-80.5485,35.2108],[-80.6245,35.1487],[-80.7328,35.0627],[-80.7645,35.0375],[-80.7684,35.0348],[-80.7746,35.0329],[-80.7858,35.0315],[-80.7892,35.0314],[-80.8009,35.0286],[-80.8155,35.0204],[-80.8194,35.019],[-80.8216,35.018],[-80.8216,35.0167],[-80.8288,35.0098],[-80.835,35.0061],[-80.8405,35.0016],[-80.8604,35.0246],[-80.8854,35.0535],[-80.9016,35.0716],[-80.9312,35.1049],[-80.9373,35.1018],[-81.0383,35.0452],[-81.0419,35.0432],[-81.0447,35.0468],[-81.0464,35.0482],[-81.0483,35.0507],[-81.0503,35.0527],[-81.0528,35.0557],[-81.0548,35.0582],[-81.0568,35.0611],[-81.0577,35.0636],[-81.0586,35.067],[-81.0582,35.0722],[-81.0577,35.0788],[-81.0566,35.0834],[-81.0554,35.0868],[-81.0541,35.0904],[-81.0533,35.0927],[-81.0523,35.0956],[-81.0503,35.0975],[-81.0487,35.099],[-81.0462,35.1003],[-81.0437,35.1014],[-81.042,35.1022],[-81.0391,35.1027],[-81.0369,35.1036],[-81.0352,35.1054],[-81.0344,35.1072],[-81.0341,35.1095],[-81.0341,35.1136],[-81.0358,35.1186],[-81.0363,35.1213],[-81.038,35.124],[-81.0408,35.1267],[-81.0425,35.1281],[-81.0454,35.1289],[-81.0476,35.1295],[-81.0499,35.1302],[-81.051,35.1313],[-81.0521,35.1335],[-81.0523,35.1365],[-81.0517,35.1392],[-81.0501,35.142],[-81.0476,35.1463],[-81.0448,35.1494],[-81.0238,35.1486],[-81.0176,35.1536],[-81.0109,35.1532],[-81.0076,35.1569],[-81.0088,35.165],[-81.0049,35.1728],[-81.0045,35.1814],[-81.0046,35.1864],[-81.0063,35.1923],[-81.0064,35.1973],[-81.0054,35.2055],[-81.0071,35.2109],[-81.0129,35.2231],[-81.0113,35.2309],[-81.012,35.2349],[-81.0082,35.2509],[-81.0139,35.2585],[-81.0152,35.2685],[-81.0143,35.2876],[-81.0133,35.293],[-81.0105,35.2944],[-81.0033,35.3017],[-81.0022,35.3045],[-80.9961,35.3113],[-80.9938,35.3132],[-80.9894,35.3205],[-80.9844,35.3237],[-80.9805,35.3287],[-80.9823,35.3341],[-80.984,35.3373],[-80.9818,35.3446],[-80.9706,35.3501],[-80.9656,35.3506],[-80.9593,35.3489],[-80.9537,35.3521],[-80.9442,35.3521],[-80.9374,35.3572],[-80.9285,35.3614],[-80.9268,35.3627],[-80.9296,35.3636],[-80.9432,35.3658],[-80.9505,35.3675],[-80.9563,35.3738],[-80.9597,35.3756],[-80.9625,35.3756],[-80.9647,35.3738],[-80.9669,35.3688],[-80.9697,35.3669],[-80.9742,35.3642],[-80.9776,35.3646],[-80.9844,35.3695],[-80.9868,35.38],[-80.9846,35.3822],[-80.9806,35.3823],[-80.9761,35.3828],[-80.9632,35.3901],[-80.9554,35.3925],[-80.9549,35.4006],[-80.959,35.4133],[-80.9569,35.4288],[-80.9587,35.436],[-80.9527,35.446],[-80.9465,35.4524],[-80.9421,35.457],[-80.9432,35.4602],[-80.9506,35.4656],[-80.9518,35.4701],[-80.948,35.481],[-80.947,35.486],[-80.951,35.4942],[-80.9612,35.4986],[-80.9664,35.509],[-80.9637,35.5131],[-80.9586,35.5163],[-80.9569,35.5177],[-80.7823,35.5113]]]}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a0eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, J. Curtis","contributorId":42260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"J. Curtis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":48850,"text":"wri034019 - 2003 - Determination of specific yield and water-table changes using temporal microgravity surveys collected during the second injection, storage, and recovery test at Lancaster, Antelope Valley, California, November 1996 through April 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:05","indexId":"wri034019","displayToPublicDate":"2003-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4019","title":"Determination of specific yield and water-table changes using temporal microgravity surveys collected during the second injection, storage, and recovery test at Lancaster, Antelope Valley, California, November 1996 through April 1997","docAbstract":"To evaluate the feasibility of artificially recharging the ground-water system in the Lancaster area of the Antelope Valley, California, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Los Angeles County Department of Public Works and the Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency, conducted a series of injection, storage, and recovery tests between September 1995 and September 1998. A key component of this study was to measure the response of the water table to injection, which was difficult because the water table averaged 300 feet below land surface. Rather than install many expensive piezometers, microgravity surveys were conducted to determine specific yield and to measure the development of a ground-water mound during the injection of about 1,050 acre-feet of fresh water into an alluvial-aquifer system. The surveys were done prior to, during, and near the end of a 5-month injection period (November 12, 1996, to April 17, 1997). Results of the surveys indicate increases in gravity of as much as 66 microgals between a bedrock reference station and 20 gravity stations within a 1-square-mile area surrounding the injection site. The changes were assumed to have been caused by changes in the ground-water elevation.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGravity and ground-water levels were measured simultaneously at an existing well (7N/12W-34B1). The coupled measurements were used to calculate a specific yield of 0.13 for the alluvial aquifer near the well. To determine the gravitational effect of the injection mound on the gravity measurements made near well 7N/12W-34B1, a two-dimensional gravity model was used. Results of the model simulation show that the effect on gravity associated with the mass of the injection mound was minor and thus had a negligible effect on the calculation of specific yield. The specific yield of 0.13, therefore, was used to infer water-level changes at other gravity stations within the study area. The gravity-derived water-level changes were compared with simulated water-table changes.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034019","usgsCitation":"Howle, J.F., Phillips, S.P., Denlinger, R.P., and Metzger, L.F., 2003, Determination of specific yield and water-table changes using temporal microgravity surveys collected during the second injection, storage, and recovery test at Lancaster, Antelope Valley, California, November 1996 through April 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4019, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034019.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4070,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034019/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667655","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howle, James F. 0000-0003-0491-6203 jfhowle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0491-6203","contributorId":2225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howle","given":"James","email":"jfhowle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":238427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Steven P. 0000-0002-5107-868X sphillip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-868X","contributorId":1506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Steven","email":"sphillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":238426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":238428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Metzger, Loren F. 0000-0003-2454-2966 lmetzger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2454-2966","contributorId":1378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Loren","email":"lmetzger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":238425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":52699,"text":"ofr03199 - 2003 - Magnetotelluric data in the Southwest Espanola Basin, northern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr03199","displayToPublicDate":"2003-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-199","title":"Magnetotelluric data in the Southwest Espanola Basin, northern New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03199","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.M., and Rodriguez, B.D., 2003, Magnetotelluric data in the Southwest Espanola Basin, northern New Mexico (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-199, 128 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03199.","productDescription":"128 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5239,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-199/ ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a05e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Jackie M.","contributorId":11217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Jackie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Brian D. 0000-0002-2263-611X brod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-611X","contributorId":836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Brian","email":"brod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":245857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":51396,"text":"ofr03266 - 2003 - Brookian structural plays in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:22","indexId":"ofr03266","displayToPublicDate":"2003-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-266","title":"Brookian structural plays in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey assessment of undiscovered oil and gas\r\nresources in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPRA), two structural plays were\r\nassessed in thrust-faulted and folded Upper Cretaceous rocks of the Brookian\r\nmegasequence. These are the Brookian Topset Structural Play and the Torok Structural\r\nPlay, located in the Brooks Range foothills and the southern part of the coastal plain,\r\nwithin the Tertiary-age frontal part of the Jurassic to Tertiary Brooks Range orogenic\r\nbelt. A new regional structural interpretation, developed through regional seismic\r\nanalyses, reconnaissance field investigations, and new thermal constraints, guided the\r\ngeologic evaluation and risking of these plays. Volumetric parameters were derived from\r\nseismic reflection data, well data and oil and gas field analogs.\r\nThe fundamental elements of the Brookian Topset Structural Play, exemplified by\r\nthe undeveloped Umiat oil field, include: (1) reservoirs in Nanushuk Group and\r\nuppermost Torok Formation shallow-marine to nonmarine sandstones draped over\r\nanticlines caused by structural thickening in underlying Torok mudstones; (2) seals\r\nprovided by overlying shale drapes in the Nanushuk, and locally by thrust faults; (3)\r\nTorok, gamma-ray-zone (GRZ) or pebble shale source rocks; (4) remigration of\r\nhydrocarbons from early formed (Late Cretaceous) stratigraphic traps disrupted by 60 Ma\r\nthrusting, into newly formed structural traps. The 60 Ma thrusting was probably\r\naccompanied by new generation and migration of natural gas resulting from late\r\nstructural thickening and tectonic loading. Subsurface data from the Umiat field and\r\nother seismic reflection data within the play area indicate that the structural traps are\r\ncommonly compartmentalized by thrust faults.\r\nThe fundamental elements of the Torok Structural Play, exemplified by the\r\nundeveloped East Kurupa gas accumulation just south of NPRA, include: (1) reservoirs\r\nin lower Torok Formation basin-floor sandstones, and perhaps in small sandstone bodies\r\nintercalated with middle to upper Torok mudstones; (2) structural traps provided by\r\nfolded sandstone bodies above thrust faults within a pervasively deformed passive-roof\r\nduplex beneath the foothills and a less-strongly deformed domain to the north; (3) seals\r\nprovided by Torok mudstone, both stratigraphically above the sandstone bodies and\r\nsmeared along bounding thrust faults; (4) Torok, GRZ, pebble shale, or Kingak Shale\r\nsource rocks; (5) a migration and charging scenario similar to that of the Brookian Topset\r\nStructural Play. According to our estimates, the Brookian Topset Structural Play contains 137\r\nmillion barrels of technically recoverable oil and 10.6 trillion cubic feet (TCF) of\r\ntechnically recoverable, non-associated natural gas, with both values representing the\r\nmean estimate (expected value). The Torok Structural Play contains about 35 million\r\nbarrels of technically recoverable oil and 17.9 TCF of technically recoverable, nonassociated\r\nnatural gas.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03266","usgsCitation":"Potter, C.J., and Moore, T.E., 2003, Brookian structural plays in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-266, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03266.","productDescription":"49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4403,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-266/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb343","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457 tmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":1033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas","email":"tmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":243454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171300,"text":"70171300 - 2003 - Occurrence of Escherichia coli and enterococci in Cladophora (Chlorophyta) in nearshore water and beach sand of Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T11:45:18","indexId":"70171300","displayToPublicDate":"2003-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of Escherichia coli and enterococci in Cladophora (Chlorophyta) in nearshore water and beach sand of Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Each summer, the nuisance green alga Cladophora (mostly Cladophora glomerata) amasses along Lake Michigan beaches, creating nearshore anoxia and unsightly, malodorous mats that can attract problem animals and detract from visitor enjoyment. Traditionally, elevated counts of Escherichia coli are presumed to indicate the presence of sewage, mostly derived from nearby point sources. The relationship between fecal indicator bacteria and Cladophora remains essentially unstudied. This investigation describes the local and regional density ofEscherichia coli and enterococci in Cladophora mats along beaches in the four states (Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan) bordering Lake Michigan. Samples of Cladophora strands collected from 10 beaches (n = 41) were assayed for concentrations of E. coli and enterococci during the summer of 2002. Both E. coli and enterococci were ubiquitous (up to 97% occurrence), with overall log mean densities (± standard errors) of 5.3 (± 4.8) and 4.8 (± 4.5) per g (dry weight). E. coli and enterococci were strongly correlated in southern Lake Michigan beaches (P< 0.001, R2 = 0.73, n = 17) but not in northern beaches (P = 0.892, n = 16). BothE. coli and enterococci survived for over 6 months in sun-dried Cladophora mats stored at 4°C; the residual bacteria in the dried alga readily grew upon rehydration. These findings suggest that Cladophora amassing along the beaches of Lake Michigan may be an important environmental source of indicator bacteria and call into question the reliability of E. coli and enterococci as indicators of water quality for freshwater recreational beaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.69.8.4714-4719.2003","usgsCitation":"Whitman, R.L., Shively, D.A., Pawlik, H., Nevers, M., and Byappanahalli, M.N., 2003, Occurrence of Escherichia coli and enterococci in Cladophora (Chlorophyta) in nearshore water and beach sand of Lake Michigan: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 69, no. 8, p. 4714-4719, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.8.4714-4719.2003.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4714","endPage":"4719","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.8.4714-4719.2003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e39e4b07e28b664dbea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitman, Richard L. rwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","email":"rwhitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shively, Dawn A. dshively@usgs.gov","contributorId":2051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"Dawn","email":"dshively@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pawlik, Heather","contributorId":33683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlik","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nevers, Meredith 0000-0001-6963-6734 mnevers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6963-6734","contributorId":2013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"Meredith","email":"mnevers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N. byappan@usgs.gov","contributorId":139462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"Muruleedhara","email":"byappan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":52697,"text":"ofr0397 - 2003 - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment; April 1-3, 2003, Reston, Virginia : conference abstracts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr0397","displayToPublicDate":"2003-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-97","title":"Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment; April 1-3, 2003, Reston, Virginia : conference abstracts","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0397","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003, Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment; April 1-3, 2003, Reston, Virginia : conference abstracts (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-97, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0397.","productDescription":"73 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5237,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6980e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208864,"text":"70208864 - 2003 - Integrated assessment of the climate change impacts on the Gulf Coast Region of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-03T13:02:42","indexId":"70208864","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-31T12:55:34","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Integrated assessment of the climate change impacts on the Gulf Coast Region of the United States","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"GCRCC and LSU Graphic Services","usgsCitation":"Ning, Z., Turner, R.E., Doyle, T.W., Abdollahi, K., Thornton, A., Reyes, E., Justic, D., Swenson, E., Khairy, W., and Liu, K., 2003, Integrated assessment of the climate change impacts on the Gulf Coast Region of the United States, iv, 236 p.","productDescription":"iv, 236 p.","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.419921875,\n 25.284437746983055\n ],\n [\n -80.0244140625,\n 26.941659545381516\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 30.977609093348686\n ],\n [\n -82.1337890625,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -85.6494140625,\n 35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -91.318359375,\n 33.7243396617476\n ],\n [\n -91.14257812499999,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -94.130859375,\n 33.063924198120645\n ],\n [\n -93.8232421875,\n 33.687781758439364\n ],\n [\n -95.1416015625,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -97.03125,\n 33.87041555094183\n ],\n [\n -99.8876953125,\n 34.56085936708384\n ],\n [\n -99.931640625,\n 36.63316209558658\n ],\n [\n -103.1396484375,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 32.13840869677249\n ],\n [\n -106.5234375,\n 31.98944183792288\n ],\n [\n -104.8974609375,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -104.501953125,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -103.0517578125,\n 28.998531814051795\n ],\n [\n -102.3486328125,\n 29.878755346037977\n ],\n [\n -100.7666015625,\n 29.34387539941801\n ],\n [\n -100.1513671875,\n 28.14950321154457\n ],\n [\n -99.4482421875,\n 27.254629577800063\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 26.31311263768267\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 27.0982539061379\n ],\n [\n -94.6142578125,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -92.59277343749999,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -89.82421875,\n 28.729130483430154\n ],\n [\n -88.06640625,\n 28.998531814051795\n ],\n [\n -88.2861328125,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -86.1328125,\n 30.06909396443887\n ],\n [\n -85.341796875,\n 29.22889003019423\n ],\n [\n -83.84765625,\n 29.726222319395504\n ],\n [\n -82.96875,\n 28.57487404744697\n ],\n [\n -83.056640625,\n 27.254629577800063\n ],\n [\n -82.1337890625,\n 26.115985925333536\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 25.284437746983055\n ],\n [\n -83.583984375,\n 25.085598897064752\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 24.16680208530324\n ],\n [\n -81.0791015625,\n 24.487148563173424\n ],\n [\n -80.419921875,\n 25.284437746983055\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ning, Zhu","contributorId":219159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ning","given":"Zhu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, R. Eugene","contributorId":172726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eugene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doyle, Thomas W. 0000-0001-5754-0671 doylet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Thomas","email":"doylet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abdollahi, Kamran","contributorId":219160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abdollahi","given":"Kamran","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thornton, Alma","contributorId":219161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thornton","given":"Alma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reyes, Enrique","contributorId":21686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reyes","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Justic, D.","contributorId":28048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justic","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Swenson, Erick","contributorId":67617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"Erick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Khairy, Wael","contributorId":219162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khairy","given":"Wael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Liu, Kam-Biu","contributorId":209677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Kam-Biu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":783731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70142991,"text":"70142991 - 2003 - Use of an intact core and stable-metal isotopes to examine leaching characteristics of a fluvial tailings deposit","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-16T10:38:55","indexId":"70142991","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-12T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of an intact core and stable-metal isotopes to examine leaching characteristics of a fluvial tailings deposit","docAbstract":"The upper Arkansas River south of Leadville, Colorado, USA, contains deposits of fluvial tailings from historical mining operations in the Leadville area. These deposits are possible non-point sources of acid and metal contamination to surface- and ground-water systems. We used stable-metal isotopes to help ascertain metal retention and release mechanisms that influence metal transport from the deposits to shallow ground-water systems. To accomplish this, we excavated an intact core from a small fluvial tailings deposit and performed laboratory column experiments to examine the amount of metals leaching through the core. Deionised water was continuously applied to the top of the core, and effluent was collected from the bottom of the core for a period of about two months.
\nThree saturation conditions were used, including unsaturated, partially saturated, and fully saturated. Reducing conditions developed upon partial and complete saturation of the core. During the unsaturated leaching phase, core effluents were acidic (pH 2.8 - 3.5) and contained elevated metal concentrations. During a portion of the unsaturated leaching phase, stable-metal isotope spikes and conservative tracers were simultaneously applied to the top of the core. The isotopes provide a means to delineate metal behaviour within the core. During the unsaturated leaching phase, the isotope spikes did not exhibit breakthrough with simultaneously added conservative tracers. However, some of the stable-metal isotope spikes did break through when reducing conditions occurred in the core (during the partial- and completesaturation conditions).
\nIn this paper, we use Cd as an example of the utility of stable-metal isotopes in geochemical studies. In the case of Cd, after the core was partially saturated, the 111Cd spike was released as evidenced by a change in the Cd isotope ratios in the effluent. This release continued during the fully saturated leaching phase, however, the total Cd concentration did not increase. These results suggest that the 111Cd spike was retained inside the core during the unsaturated leaching phase, and only partially released as reducing conditions developed. Results from this core-leaching experiment indicate there is a large reservoir of water-soluble material within the fluvial tailings deposit, which yields elevated metal concentrations and high acidity, and which may degrade adjacent ground- and surface-water quality. Use of stable metal isotopes in this study facilitated the determination of different metal-retention processes, metal-release processes, and metal sources in the fluvial tailings deposit in response to changing geochemical conditions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Sixth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage","conferenceDate":"07/12/2003","conferenceLocation":"Cairns, North Queensland, Australia","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mining and Reclamation","publisherLocation":"Lexington, KY","usgsCitation":"Ranville, J., Smith, K.S., Lamothe, P.J., Jackson, B.P., and Walton-Day, K., 2003, Use of an intact core and stable-metal isotopes to examine leaching characteristics of a fluvial tailings deposit, in Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage, Cairns, North Queensland, Australia, 07/12/2003, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":298563,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5507fed1e4b02e76d757c169","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ranville, James F.","contributorId":31797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ranville","given":"James F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamothe, Paul J. plamothe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"Paul","email":"plamothe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":542395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackson, Brian P.","contributorId":70670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70221812,"text":"70221812 - 2003 - Arsenic in ground water: Geochemistry and occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:20:58.527702","indexId":"70221812","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-07T15:31:57","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Arsenic in ground water: Geochemistry and occurrence","docAbstract":"Interest in arsenic in ground water has greatly increased in the past decade because of the increased awareness of human health effects and the costs of avoidance or treatment of ground water supplies used for consumption. The goal of this book is to provide a description of the basic processes that affect arsenic occurrence and transport by providing sufficient background information on arsenic geochemistry and descriptions of hi- arsenic ground water, both affected and unaffected by human activity. An understanding of thermodynamics, adsorption, and the speciation of arsenic in solid phases, which are described in first three chapters, is needed to predict the fate of arsenic in ground water systems. Large-scale and deep movement of ground water can and has redistributed arsenic in the near surface environment, as described in the next two chapters. These large-scale systems can affect large volumes of both ground water and surface water, such as in the Yellowstone system, and can produce mineralised zones that subsequently release arsenic to ground water supplies. Regional identification of high-arsenic ground water and its consumption as described in the next three chapters clearly demonstrates a need for increased wat- quality monitoring, particularly in south and southeast Asia. Chapters 9-11 provide examples of high arsenic ground water associated with sulfide mineral oxidation and alkaline conditions. Finally, smaller scale studies of the effects of human activities that have produced high-arsenic ground water and methods for attenuation of ground water are presented
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/b101867","usgsCitation":"2003, Arsenic in ground water: Geochemistry and occurrence, xi, 475 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/b101867.","productDescription":"xi, 475 p.","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818832,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":818833,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199734,"text":"70199734 - 2003 - Channel response to tectonic forcing: field analysis of stream morphology and hydrology in the Mendocino triple junction region, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T13:34:11","indexId":"70199734","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-01T13:33:21","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Channel response to tectonic forcing: field analysis of stream morphology and hydrology in the Mendocino triple junction region, northern California","docAbstract":"An empirical calibration of the shear stress model for bedrock incision is presented, using field and hydrologic data from a series of small, coastal drainage basins near the Mendocino triple junction in northern California. Previous work comparing basins from the high uplift zone (HUZ, uplift rates around 4 mm/year) to ones in the low uplift zone (LUZ, ∼0.5 mm/year) indicates that the HUZ channels are about twice as steep for a given drainage area. This observation suggests that incision processes are more effective in the HUZ. It motivates a detailed field study of channel morphology in the differing tectonic settings to test whether various factors that are hypothesized to influence incision rates (discharge, channel width, lithology, sediment load) change in response to uplift or otherwise differ between the HUZ and LUZ. Analysis of regional stream gaging data for mean annual discharge and individual floods yields a linear relationship between discharge and drainage area. Increased orographic precipitation in the HUZ accounts for about a twofold increase in discharge in this area, corresponding to an assumed increase in the erosional efficiency of the streams. Field measurements of channel width indicate a power-law relationship between width and drainage area with an exponent of ∼0.4 and no significant change in width between the uplift rate zones, although interpretation is hampered by a difference in land use between the zones. The HUZ channel width dataset reveals a scaling break interpreted to be the transition between colluvial- and fluvial-dominated incision processes. Assessments of lithologic resistance using a Schmidt hammer and joint surveys show that the rocks of the study area should be fairly similar in their susceptibility to erosion. The HUZ channels generally have more exposed bedrock than those in the LUZ, which is consistent with protection by sediment cover inhibiting incision in the LUZ. However, this difference is likely the result of a recent pulse of sediment due to land use in the LUZ. Therefore, the role of sediment flux in setting incision rates cannot be constrained with any certainty. To summarize, of the four response mechanisms analyzed, the only factor that demonstrably varies between uplift rate zones is discharge, although this change is likely insufficient to explain the relationship between channel slope and uplift rate. The calibrated model allows us to make a prediction of channel concavity that is consistent with a previous estimate from slope–drainage area data. We show that the inclusion of nonzero values of critical shear stress in the model has important implications for the theoretical relationship between steady-state slope and uplift rate and might provide an explanation for the observations. This analysis underscores the importance of further work to constrain quantitatively threshold shear stress for bedrock incision.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00349-5","usgsCitation":"Snyder, N.P., Whipple, K.X., Tucker, G., and Merritts, D., 2003, Channel response to tectonic forcing: field analysis of stream morphology and hydrology in the Mendocino triple junction region, northern California: Geomorphology, v. 53, no. 1-2, p. 97-127, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00349-5.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"127","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mendocino triple junction region","volume":"53","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10ecabe4b034bf6a803822","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, Noah P.","contributorId":198029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Noah","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whipple, Kelin X.","contributorId":138503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whipple","given":"Kelin","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[{"id":12431,"text":"ASU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tucker, Gregory E.","contributorId":39280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Gregory E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Merritts, D.J.","contributorId":73766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritts","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70241070,"text":"70241070 - 2003 - Characterizing benthic substrates of Santa Monica Bay with seafloor photography and multibeam sonar imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-08T17:54:58.427692","indexId":"70241070","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-01T11:46:28","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2664,"text":"Marine Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing benthic substrates of Santa Monica Bay with seafloor photography and multibeam sonar imagery","docAbstract":"Seafloor photography from three cruises is combined with multibeam sonar imagery to characterize benthic substrates and associated fauna of Santa Monica Bay, California. The multibeam EM1000 imagery was collected in 1996. Two sampling cruises (in 1998 and 1999) provided photographs at 142 sites throughout the Bay; a final cruise (in 2000) collected still photographs and continuous video along nine transects on the mainland shelf from Pt. Dume to the Palos Verdes peninsula. Muddy substrates (typically low backscatter) were the predominant habitat throughout the Santa Monica Bay, from the 20 m isobath to the adjacent Santa Monica basin floor (780 m). Bioturbation was pervasive as evidenced by abundant open burrows, mounds, and faunal tracks and trails. Sandy substrates (typically intermediate to high backscatter) were restricted to the innermost mainland shelf and a narrow outer shelf band north of Santa Monica Canyon. Cobble and gravel substrates (high backscatter) were restricted to the innermost shelf south of El Segundo and limited parts of the shelf edge. Rocky substrates (high backscatter) with interspersed patches of sand and gravel occurred on the high-relief marginal plateau and along parts of the shelf break offshore of Malibu.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0141-1136(02)00324-0","usgsCitation":"Andrews, B., Dartnell, P., and Chezar, H., 2003, Characterizing benthic substrates of Santa Monica Bay with seafloor photography and multibeam sonar imagery: Marine Environmental Research, v. 56, no. 1-2, p. 47-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-1136(02)00324-0.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"66","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Monica Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.81293071164076,\n 34.001765773903585\n ],\n [\n -118.74758258339918,\n 33.84683933588596\n ],\n [\n -118.48752370570243,\n 33.72990520667567\n ],\n [\n -118.4021710484071,\n 33.78368148613396\n ],\n [\n -118.3828333369886,\n 33.8158202546048\n ],\n [\n -118.38416697225858,\n 33.85680736423771\n ],\n [\n -118.46551872374349,\n 33.99070894674546\n ],\n [\n -118.55220501630879,\n 34.052056163386396\n ],\n [\n -118.6355572206989,\n 34.048741231390935\n ],\n [\n -118.68756899623844,\n 34.047636225257065\n ],\n [\n -118.75491757738521,\n 34.03990077911911\n ],\n [\n -118.79092572968185,\n 34.02884891788558\n ],\n [\n -118.81293071164076,\n 34.001765773903585\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, Brian bandrews@usgs.gov","contributorId":190622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Brian","email":"bandrews@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":865954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X pdartnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":2688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","email":"pdartnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":865955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chezar, Henry hchezar@usgs.gov","contributorId":2964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chezar","given":"Henry","email":"hchezar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":865956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241069,"text":"70241069 - 2003 - Changing anthropogenic influence on the Santa Monica Bay watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-08T17:44:44.926292","indexId":"70241069","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-01T11:37:57","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2664,"text":"Marine Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changing anthropogenic influence on the Santa Monica Bay watershed","docAbstract":"Santa Monica Bay is an open coastal embayment located directly seaward of Los Angeles, California. The Bay provides vital economic value through its water-dependent activities, such as swimming, diving, boating, and fishing. An increase from 100,000 residents in 1900 to 10 million in 2000 has imposed numerous environmental stressors on the Bay, including urbanization of the watershed. Pollutant discharges into the Bay increased throughout the early part of the century, but declined following passage of the Clean Water Act in 1972. Since that time, the predominant source of pollutant inputs has changed from point sources to non-point urban runoff. To assess how present-day and historical pollution interact to affect the environmental quality of Santa Monica Bay, three organizations collaborated on a multi-disciplinary study in 1997, towards which this volume is focused. This paper details the temporal patterns of anthropogenic influence on Santa Monica Bay to provide context for the papers that follow.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0141-1136(03)00003-5","usgsCitation":"Dojka, M., Yamaguchi, M., Weisberg, S., and Lee, H., 2003, Changing anthropogenic influence on the Santa Monica Bay watershed: Marine Environmental Research, v. 56, no. 1-2, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-1136(03)00003-5.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Monica Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.81293071164076,\n 34.001765773903585\n ],\n [\n -118.74758258339918,\n 33.84683933588596\n ],\n [\n -118.48752370570243,\n 33.72990520667567\n ],\n [\n -118.4021710484071,\n 33.78368148613396\n ],\n [\n -118.3828333369886,\n 33.8158202546048\n ],\n [\n -118.38416697225858,\n 33.85680736423771\n ],\n [\n -118.46551872374349,\n 33.99070894674546\n ],\n [\n -118.55220501630879,\n 34.052056163386396\n ],\n [\n -118.6355572206989,\n 34.048741231390935\n ],\n [\n -118.68756899623844,\n 34.047636225257065\n ],\n [\n -118.75491757738521,\n 34.03990077911911\n ],\n [\n -118.79092572968185,\n 34.02884891788558\n ],\n [\n -118.81293071164076,\n 34.001765773903585\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dojka, M.A.","contributorId":95330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dojka","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":865950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yamaguchi, M.","contributorId":41633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamaguchi","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":865951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weisberg, S.B.","contributorId":75755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisberg","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":865952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, H.J.","contributorId":96693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":865953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70217601,"text":"70217601 - 2003 - Slurry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T16:42:10.256175","indexId":"70217601","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-01T10:39:20","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Slurry","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., 2003, Slurry, chap. of Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks, p. 674-675.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"674","endPage":"675","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":382498,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Middleton, G.","contributorId":176546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Middleton","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808806,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Church, M.J.","contributorId":248290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Church","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808807,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coniglio, M.","contributorId":248291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coniglio","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808808,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardie, L.A.","contributorId":248292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardie","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808809,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Longstaffe, F.J.","contributorId":33069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longstaffe","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808810,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70217600,"text":"70217600 - 2003 - Hindered settling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T16:37:47.999783","indexId":"70217600","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-01T10:32:44","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Hindered settling","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., 2003, Hindered settling, chap. of Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks, p. 358-360.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"360","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":382497,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Middleton, G.","contributorId":176546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Middleton","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808800,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Church, M.J.","contributorId":248290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Church","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808801,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coniglio, M.","contributorId":248291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coniglio","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808802,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardie, J.K.","contributorId":59036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardie","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808803,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Longstaffe, F.J.","contributorId":33069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longstaffe","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808804,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170382,"text":"70170382 - 2003 - Predicting rare plant occurrence in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T16:03:44.478368","indexId":"70170382","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting rare plant occurrence in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA","docAbstract":"We investigated the applicability of biometric habitat modeling to rare plant inventory and conservation by developing and field testing a geographically explicit model for Cardamine clematitis Shuttleworth ex A. Gray (mountain bittercress), an endemic plant of the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. For each of 187 confirmed coordinates for C. clematitis in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 13 habitat variables were measured with a geographic information system. These data were used to calculate Mahalanobis distances for each 30-m x 30-m pixel within the study area; small values of Mahalanobis distance represented site conditions similar to those of known locations of C. clematitis, whereas larger distance values represented dissimilar conditions. Following model development, we tested model performance by sampling 120 randomly distributed plots for C. clematitis presence. Logistic regression showed that Mahalanobis distance values were strongly related to C. clematitis occurrence (P = 0.039). Overall, 75% of all known occurrences of C. clematitis had associated Mahalanobis distance values below 17.7, and 95% of all occurrences were below 33.8; the median Mahalanobis distance value for the study area as a whole was 40.0. A habitat suitability cutoff value was defined which identified roughly 23,640 ha (19.5% of the study area) as suitable habitat. Although the model successfully predicted species absence in test plots with high Mahalanobis distance values, many sites with low values did not contain C. clematitis. Only 16.2% of test plots below the habitat suitability cutoff contained C. clematitis. The absence of C. clematitis from sites with low Mahalanobis distance values (low specificity) is not necessarily indicative of a poor model; metapopulation processes (e.g., recolonizations, local extinctions) have been shown to play a major role in presence or absence of many plant species. That may be partially the case with our model as evidenced by a relationship between C. clematitis presence and habitat patch size.