This chapter presents the status of Rocky Mountain glacial studies in 1965 and progress from that time to the present. The Rocky Mountains and the adjacent Basin and Range of the United States consist of about 100 ranges distributed in a northwest trending belt 2,000 km long and 200–800 km wide. In 1965, Rocky Mountain glacial subdivisions and correlations are closely linked with those of the mid-continent. Also, erratic boulders and diamictons well beyond or above moraines of Pinedale and Bull Lake age are noted at many sites in the Rocky Mountains and are attributed to an older glaciation, vastly more extensive than the Bull Lake or Pinedale. Global climate models suggest that glacial-anticyclonic circulation weaken westerly flow and results in air that is cooler and drier than present, particularly for the northern Rocky Mountains. More precisely dated, glacial and lacustrine records may reveal patterns in such nonparallelism from south to north (colder) or east to west (wetter) throughout the Rocky Mountains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01004-2","usgsCitation":"Pierce, K.L., 2003, Pleistocene glaciations of the Rocky Mountains: Developments in Quaternary Sciences, v. 1, p. 63-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01004-2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"76","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho,Nevada New Mexico, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Late Wisconsin glaciers in the Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.501953125,\n 46.98025235521883\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 47.989921667414194\n ],\n [\n -121.37695312499999,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -122.78320312499999,\n 47.21956811231547\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 47.57652571374621\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 43.51668853502906\n ],\n [\n -124.01367187499999,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -124.8046875,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -121.11328124999999,\n 34.74161249883172\n ],\n [\n -118.037109375,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -117.0703125,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -114.2578125,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -111.181640625,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -102.83203125,\n 32.175612478499325\n ],\n [\n -103.271484375,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -101.865234375,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -102.216796875,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 46.73986059969267\n ],\n [\n -104.501953125,\n 46.98025235521883\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierce, Kenneth L. kpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":1609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Kenneth","email":"kpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70756,"text":"ofr03234 - 2003 - Raster dataset showing the probability of elevated concentrations of nitrate in ground water in Colorado, hydrogeomorphic regions and fertilizer use estimates included","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-28T10:40:18","indexId":"ofr03234","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-234","title":"Raster dataset showing the probability of elevated concentrations of nitrate in ground water in Colorado, hydrogeomorphic regions and fertilizer use estimates included","docAbstract":"This dataset is one of eight datasets produced by this study.\nFour of the datasets predict the probability of detecting\natrazine and(or) desethyl-atrazine (a breakdown product of atrazine)\nin ground water in Colorado; the other four predict the probability\nof detecting elevated concentrations of nitrate in ground water in\nColorado. The four datasets that predict the probability of\natrazine and(or) desethyl-atrazine (atrazine/DEA) are differentiated\nby whether or not they incorporated atrazine use and whether\nor not they incorporated hydrogeomorphic regions. The four datasets\nthat predict the probability of elevated concentrations of nitrate\nare differentiated by whether or not they incorporated fertilizer\nuse and whether or not they incorporated hydrogeomorphic\nregions. Each of the eight datasets has its own unique strengths\nand weaknesses. The user is cautioned to read Rupert (2003, Probability\nof detecting atrazine/desethyl-atrazine and elevated concentrations\nof nitrate in ground water in Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey\nWater-Resources Investigations Report 02-4269, 35 p.,\nhttp://water.usgs.gov/pubs/wri/wri02-4269/) to determine if he(she)\nis using the most appropriate dataset for his(her) particular needs.\nThis dataset specifically predicts the probability of detecting\nelevated concentrations of nitrate in ground water in Colorado with\nhydrogeomorphic regions and fertilizer use included. The following\ntext was extracted from Rupert (2003).\n\nDraft Federal regulations may require that each State develop a\nState Pesticide Management Plan for the herbicides atrazine,\nalachlor, metolachlor, and simazine. Maps were developed that the\nState of Colorado could use to predict the probability of detecting\natrazine/DEA in ground water in Colorado. These maps can be\nincorporated into the State Pesticide Management Plan and can help\nprovide a sound hydrogeologic basis for atrazine management in\nColorado. Maps showing the probability of detecting elevated nitrite\nplus nitrate as nitrogen (nitrate) concentrations in ground water in\nColorado also were developed because nitrate is a contaminant of\nconcern in many areas of Colorado.\n\nMaps showing the probability of detecting atrazine/DEA at or greater\nthan concentrations of 0.1 microgram per liter and nitrate\nconcentrations in ground water greater than 5 milligrams per liter\nwere developed as follows: (1) Ground-water quality data were overlaid\nwith anthropogenic and hydrogeologic data by using a geographic\ninformation system (GIS) to produce a dataset in which each well had\ncorresponding data on atrazine use, fertilizer use, geology,\nhydrogeomorphic regions, land cover, precipitation, soils, and well\nconstruction. These data then were downloaded to a statistical\nsoftware package for analysis by logistic regression. (2) Relations\nwere observed between ground-water quality and the percentage of\nland-cover categories within circular regions (buffers) around wells.\nSeveral buffer sizes were evaluated; the buffer size that provided\nthe strongest relation was selected for use in the logistic regression\nmodels. (3) Relations between concentrations of atrazine/DEA and\nnitrate in ground water and atrazine use, fertilizer use, geology,\nhydrogeomorphic regions, land cover, precipitation, soils, and\nwell-construction data were evaluated, and several preliminary\nmultivariate models with various combinations of independent variables\nwere constructed. (4) The multivariate models that best predicted\nthe presence of atrazine/DEA and elevated concentrations of nitrate\nin ground water were selected. (5) The accuracy of the multivariate\nmodels was confirmed by validating the models with an independent\nset of ground-water quality data. (6) The multivariate models were\nentered into a geographic information system and the probability\nGRIDS were constructed.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03234","usgsCitation":"Rupert, M.G., 2003, Raster dataset showing the probability of elevated concentrations of nitrate in ground water in Colorado, hydrogeomorphic regions and fertilizer use estimates included: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-234, 128 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03234.","productDescription":"128 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6651,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?nit_hyd_fert","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":272832,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/atra_hyd_use.xml"},{"id":272831,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/atra_hyd_nuse.xml"},{"id":272833,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/atra_nhyd_nus.xml"},{"id":272834,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/atra_nhyd_use.xml"},{"id":277089,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit_hyd_fert.xml"},{"id":277090,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit_hyd_nfert.xml"},{"id":277091,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit_nhyd_fert.xml"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.80111111111111,36.41722222222222 ], [ -109.80111111111111,41.56722222222223 ], [ -101.4675,41.56722222222223 ], [ -101.4675,36.41722222222222 ], [ -109.80111111111111,36.41722222222222 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47e2e4b07f02db4bae2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70245168,"text":"70245168 - 2003 - Data report: Permeability, resistivity, and X-ray computed tomography measurements in samples from the PACMANUS hydrothermal system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-20T11:55:20.097936","indexId":"70245168","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-20T06:50:56","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Data report: Permeability, resistivity, and X-ray computed tomography measurements in samples from the PACMANUS hydrothermal system","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ocean Drilling Program","usgsCitation":"Iturrino, G.J., Ketcham, R.A., Christiansen, L., and Boitnott, G., 2003, Data report: Permeability, resistivity, and X-ray computed tomography measurements in samples from the PACMANUS hydrothermal system, in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, v. 193, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418226,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/193_SR/205/205.htm"}],"volume":"193","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iturrino, Gerardo J.","contributorId":310462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iturrino","given":"Gerardo","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ketcham, Richard A.","contributorId":310463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ketcham","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christiansen, Lizet","contributorId":310464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Lizet","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boitnott, Greg","contributorId":310465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boitnott","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188616,"text":"70188616 - 2003 - The effect of polychlorinated naphthalenes and tributyltin on the occurrence of aberrant nuclei in erythroid cells of medaka","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T13:41:31.313894","indexId":"70188616","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5428,"text":"Environmental Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of polychlorinated naphthalenes and tributyltin on the occurrence of aberrant nuclei in erythroid cells of medaka","docAbstract":"The micronucleus test using erythrocytes of the peripheral blood of fish is often conducted to evaluate the genotoxic effects of pollutants under experimental and natural conditions. This report presents information on the production of micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies in erythrocytes of medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to three polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) formulations (Halowaxes 1014, 1031 and 1051) or tributyltin (TBT). Three types of deviation in the morphology of interphase nuclei were observed in medaka erythrocytes: micronuclei, nuclei fragmented into two equal or unequal parts, and nuclei at different stages of invagination. The number of erythrocytes with nuclear anomalies typically increased after chemical exposure. However, differential dose-response patterns were observed with exposures to PCNs or TBT. Polychlorinated naphthalenes caused genotoxicity, while TBT caused an amitotic effect. Gender did not influence the frequency of nuclear anomalies. This is the first report on the application of the piscine micronuclear test with medaka and is the first study that investigated the potential for detecting micronuclei in erythrocytes from adult medaka exposed in ovo to mutagens.
","language":"English","publisher":"MYU Scientific Publishing Division","usgsCitation":"Talykina, M.G., Papoulias, D.M., Allert, J.A., Izyuov, Y., Villalobos, S.A., Giesy, J.P., and Tillitt, D.E., 2003, The effect of polychlorinated naphthalenes and tributyltin on the occurrence of aberrant nuclei in erythroid cells of medaka: Environmental Sciences, v. 10, no. 6, p. 337-348.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"348","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":401748,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.myu-inc.jp/myukk/ES/index.html"}],"volume":"10","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5948e2a7e4b062508e354c79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talykina, Melaniya G.","contributorId":98646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talykina","given":"Melaniya","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papoulias, Diana M. 0000-0002-5106-2469 dpapoulias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5106-2469","contributorId":2726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papoulias","given":"Diana","email":"dpapoulias@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allert, J. Alan","contributorId":193062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allert","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Izyuov, Y.U.","contributorId":193063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Izyuov","given":"Y.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Villalobos, Sergio A.","contributorId":58802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villalobos","given":"Sergio","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Giesy, John P.","contributorId":57426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giesy","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70006709,"text":"70006709 - 2003 - Residue depletion of oxytetracycline from fillet tissues of northern pike and walleye","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-08T15:39:29.580676","indexId":"70006709","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-18T13:46:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residue depletion of oxytetracycline from fillet tissues of northern pike and walleye","docAbstract":"The broad-spectrum antibacterial drug oxytetracycline (OTC) is used in the U.S. to treat certain diseases in salmonids and catfish. This study was conducted to support an extension of the OTC label to include all cool-water fish species cultured at U.S. public aquaculture facilities by satisfying human food safety requirements. Juvenile northern pike (Esox lucius; mean weight: 117 g) and walleye (Stizostedion vitreum; mean weight: 59 g) were fed OTC-medicated diets near the maximum legal treatment rate (82.7 mg OTC-HCl/kg fish/day for 10 days) and near the lower limit of the water temperature range for most disease outbreaks in these species (14 and 16 °C, respectively). Two trials were conducted simultaneously with northern pike, one using commercially medicated feed and the other using on-site OTC top-coated feed. A third trial was performed with walleye using on-site OTC top-coated feed. Fillet tissues were collected and OTC free base (OTC-base) concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The maximum mean OTC-base concentrations in the fillet tissue were 319 ng/g in northern pike (skinless) and 721 ng/g in walleye (skin-on), both well below the current tolerance limit of 2000 ng/g OTC-base. The log-linear loss of OTC-base from the fillet tissues was monophasic, with terminal phase half-lives of 5.9 days in northern pike fed commercial medicated feed, 6.7 days in northern pike fed top-coated feed, and 10.5 days in walleye fed top-coated feed. The data supported a zero withdrawal time in juvenile northern pike and walleye fed OTC at the approved dose level for 10 days at water temperatures down to 14 and 16 °C respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00136-4","usgsCitation":"Bernardy, J.A., Vue, C., Gaikowski, M.P., Stehly, G.R., Gingerich, W.H., and Moore, A., 2003, Residue depletion of oxytetracycline from fillet tissues of northern pike and walleye: Aquaculture, v. 221, no. 1-4, p. 657-665, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00136-4.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"657","endPage":"665","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"221","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa990e4b0c8380cd85e73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernardy, Jeffry A. 0000-0001-7443-1995 jbernardy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-1995","contributorId":3537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernardy","given":"Jeffry","email":"jbernardy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":355061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vue, Chue","contributorId":17870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vue","given":"Chue","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":355060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stehly, Guy R.","contributorId":11553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehly","given":"Guy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gingerich, William H.","contributorId":36086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moore, Allen","contributorId":104759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Allen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5224307,"text":"5224307 - 2003 - Pancreatitis in wild zinc-poisoned waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-09T15:24:39.11253","indexId":"5224307","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-16T12:18:46","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":949,"text":"Avian Pathology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pancreatitis in wild zinc-poisoned waterfowl","docAbstract":"Four waterfowl were collected in the TriState Mining District (Oklahoma, Kansas and Missouri, USA), an area known to be contaminated with lead, cadmium and zinc (Zn). They were part of a larger group of 20 waterfowl collected to determine the exposure of birds to metal contamination at the site. The four waterfowl (three Branta canadensis, one Anas platyrhynchos) had mild to severe degenerative abnormalities of the exocrine pancreas, as well as tissue (pancreas, liver) concentrations of Zn that were considered toxic. The mildest condition was characterized by generalized atrophy of exocrine cells that exhibited cytoplasmic vacuoles and a relative lack of zymogen. The most severe condition was characterized by acini with distended lumens and hyperplastic exocrine tissue that completely lacked zymogen; these acini were widely separated by immature fibrous tissue. Because the lesions were nearly identical to the lesions reported in chickens and captive waterfowl that had been poisoned with ingested Zn, and because the concentrations of Zn in the pancreas and liver of the four birds were consistent with the concentrations measured in Zn-poisoned birds, we concluded that these waterfowl were poisoned by Zn. This may be the first reported case of zinc poisoning in free-ranging wild birds poisoned by environmental Zn.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/03079450310001636246","usgsCitation":"Sileo, L., Beyer, W.N., and Mateo, R., 2003, Pancreatitis in wild zinc-poisoned waterfowl: Avian Pathology, v. 32, no. 6, p. 655-660, https://doi.org/10.1080/03079450310001636246.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"655","endPage":"660","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201507,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-95.0336,36.9986],[-95.0723,36.9987],[-95.0723,36.9994],[-95.0739,37.3417],[-94.6175,37.3384],[-94.6174,37.3641],[-94.0848,37.3487],[-94.0864,37.2911],[-94.0546,37.2901],[-94.0611,37.0493],[-94.0621,36.9336],[-94.0692,36.8302],[-94.0629,36.8302],[-94.0675,36.7472],[-94.6196,36.7664],[-94.6187,36.6703],[-94.6187,36.6694],[-95.001,36.6723],[-95.0004,36.9518],[-95.0073,36.9539],[-95.0192,36.9566],[-95.0286,36.9641],[-95.0323,36.9706],[-95.0389,36.9758],[-95.0389,36.9772],[-95.0325,36.9783],[-95.0313,36.9792],[-95.0361,36.9866],[-95.0375,36.9916],[-95.0362,36.9957],[-95.0336,36.9986]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Cherokee\",\"state\":\"KS\"}}]}","volume":"32","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689564","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sileo, Louis","contributorId":94623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sileo","given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beyer, W. Nelson 0000-0002-8911-9141 nbeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":3301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W.","email":"nbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Nelson","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":341214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mateo, Rafael","contributorId":24239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mateo","given":"Rafael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188614,"text":"70188614 - 2003 - Geomorphic effects in levee-break complexes and implications for flood-damage assessment: Chapter 3.5","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-19T08:23:57","indexId":"70188614","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geomorphic effects in levee-break complexes and implications for flood-damage assessment: Chapter 3.5","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"At the confluence: Rivers, floods, and water quality in the St. Louis Region","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Missouri Botanical Garden Press","publisherLocation":"St. Louis, MO","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., 2003, Geomorphic effects in levee-break complexes and implications for flood-damage assessment: Chapter 3.5, chap. of At the confluence: Rivers, floods, and water quality in the St. Louis Region.","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5948e2a7e4b062508e354c7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70142600,"text":"70142600 - 2003 - Trace-metal sources and their release from mine wastes: examples from humidity cell tests of hardrock mine waste and from Warrior Basin coal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-09T09:50:04","indexId":"70142600","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-06T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Trace-metal sources and their release from mine wastes: examples from humidity cell tests of hardrock mine waste and from Warrior Basin coal","docAbstract":"To assess the potential impact of metal and acid contamination from mine-waste piles, it is important to identify the mineralogic source of trace metals and their mode of occurrence. Microscopic analysis of mine-waste samples from both hard-rock and coalmine waste samples demonstrate a microstructural control, as well as mineralogic control, on the source and release of trace metals into local water systems. The samples discussed herein show multiple periods of sulfide mineralization with varying concentrations of trace metals. In the first case study, two proprietary hard-rock mine-waste samples exposed to a series of humidity cell tests (which simulate intense chemical weathering conditions) generated acid and released trace metals. Some trace elements of interest were: arsenic (45-120 ppm), copper (60-320 ppm), and zinc (30-2,500 ppm). Untested and humidity cell-exposed samples were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX), and electron microprobe analysis. Studies of one sample set revealed arsenic-bearing pyrite in early iron- and magnesium-rich carbonate-filled microveins, and iron-, copper-, arsenic-, antimony-bearing sulfides in later crosscutting silica-filled microveins. Post humidity cell tests indicated that the carbonate minerals were removed by leaching in the humidity cells, exposing pyrite to oxidative conditions. However, sulfides in the silica-filled veins were more protected. Therefore, the trace metals contained in the sulfides within the silica-filled microveins may be released to the surface and (or) ground water system more slowly over a greater time period. In the second case study, trace metal-rich pyrite-bearing coals from the Warrior Basin, Alabama were analyzed. Arsenic-bearing pyrite was observed in a late-stage pyrite phase in microfaults and microveins that crosscut earlier arsenic.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the Billings Land Reclamation Symposium and the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Joint Conference of the Billings Land Reclamation Symposium and the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation","conferenceDate":"06/03/2003","conferenceLocation":"Billings, MT","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mining and Reclamation","publisherLocation":"Lexington, KY","usgsCitation":"Diehl, S.F., Smith, K.S., Desborough, G.A., White, W., Lapakko, K., Goldhaber, M.B., and Fey, D.L., 2003, Trace-metal sources and their release from mine wastes: examples from humidity cell tests of hardrock mine waste and from Warrior Basin coal, in Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the Billings Land Reclamation Symposium and the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation, Billings, MT, 06/03/2003, p. 232-253.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"232","endPage":"253","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":298352,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec43ee4b02419550debe8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diehl, S. 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However, baseflow chemistry is likely to vary temporally and spatially with land use. The purpose of our study is to examine the usefulness of the synoptic sampling approach for identifying the relationship between complex land use configurations and stream water quality. This study compares biogeochemical data from three synoptic sampling events representing the temporal variability of baseflow chemistry and land use using R-mode factor analysis. Separate R-mode factor analyses of the data from individual sampling events yielded only two consistent factors. Agricultural activity was associated with elevated levels of Ca2+, Mg2+, alkalinity, and frequently K+, SO2-4, and NO-3. Urban areas were associated with higher concentrations of Na+, K+, and Cl-. Other retained factors were not consistent among sampling events, and some factors were difficult to interpret in the context of biogeochemical sources and processes. When all data were combined, further associations were revealed such as an inverse relationship between the proportion of wetlands and stream nitrate concentrations. We also found that barren lands were associated with elevated sulfate levels. This research suggests that an individual sampling event is unlikely to characterize adequately the complex processes controlling interactions between land use and stream chemistry. Combining data collected over two years during three synoptic sampling events appears to enhance our ability to understand processes linking stream chemistry and land use.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy","doi":"10.2134/jeq2003.1800","usgsCitation":"Wayland, K.G., Long, D.T., Hyndman, D.W., Pijanowski, B.C., Woodhams, S.M., and Haak, S.K., 2003, Identifying relationships between baseflow geochemistry and land use with synoptic sampling and R-mode factor analysis: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 32, p. 180-190, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2003.1800.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"190","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Traverse City","otherGeospatial":"Grand Traverse Bay watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.87487792968749,\n 45.37916094640917\n ],\n [\n -85.3143310546875,\n 45.471688258104614\n ],\n [\n -85.4791259765625,\n 45.298075138707965\n ],\n [\n -85.78125,\n 45.22074260255366\n ],\n [\n -85.9295654296875,\n 44.94536144236941\n ],\n [\n -85.814208984375,\n 44.797428998555645\n ],\n [\n -85.5230712890625,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -85.220947265625,\n 44.78963254761407\n ],\n [\n -84.87487792968749,\n 45.37916094640917\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a6c83be4b025c4642862de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wayland, Karen G.","contributorId":181831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wayland","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, David T.","contributorId":20364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hyndman, David W.","contributorId":7868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyndman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pijanowski, Bryan C.","contributorId":35654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pijanowski","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woodhams, Sarah M.","contributorId":181832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodhams","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haak, Sheridan K.","contributorId":181833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haak","given":"Sheridan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70180951,"text":"70180951 - 2003 - The life and scientific contributions of Lyman J. 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McLane, Briggs developed the “moisture equivalent” concept (a precursor to the idea of field capacity) and a centrifuge apparatus for measuring it. Briggs left the BOS at the end of 1905, under pressure from Milton Whitney, and moved to the Bureau of Plant Industry. Briggs' multi-state experiments with H.L. Shantz on water-use efficiencies showed that in a climate like that of the Great Plains, plants use water more productively in the cooler north than in the warmer south. In 1920, he moved from the USDA to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), rising to Director in 1933. Among his other contributions to the American scientific community was his leadership, beginning in 1939, of a top secret committee that evolved into the Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb during World War II. 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Map information of hypsography and bathymetry of the study area were digitized and interpolated to construct a digital elevation model. Classified thematic mapper imagery of aquatic and terrestrial habitat at a community level was used to initialize model simulation by vegetative type. Model simulations were generated to predict a likelihood index of habitat change and conversion under different scenarios of sea-level rise. The WETLANDS model was applied to track the process and pattern of coastal inundation over space and time for low, mid, and high sea-level rise projections of 15, 50, and 95 cm over the next century. Model results indicated that major portions of this coastal zone will be permanently inundated by 2100, bringing about a combined migration of marsh habitat and displacement of forest habitat. Results show that lowland pine forests will undergo retreat on the order of thousands of hectares over the 21st century. 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a. Network coverage containing the geologic polygons, contacts, and faults,
b. Annotation coverage containing the geologic unit labels and leaders,
c. Point coverage containing the radiometric age sample localities,
d. Template files containing the lookup table structure used to produce the map. Data to populate the template files is provided in comma-separated value (.csv) text files as follows: napkey.csv plutonkey.csv geoline.csv
e. Network coverage containing the Correlation of Map Units (CMU) for the map.
The Correlation of Map Units and Description of Map Units are in a format similar to that of the USGS Geologic Investigations Series (I-series) maps but have not been edited to comply with I-map standards. Even though this is an Open-File Report and includes the standard USGS Open-File disclaimer, the report closely adheres to the Stratigraphic Nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey.
ARC/INFO symbolsets (shade and line) as used for these maps have been made available elsewhere as part of Geologic map of Central (Interior) Alaska, published as a USGS Open-File Report (Wilson and others, 1998, http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of98-133-a/).
This product does not include the digital topographic base or land-grid files used to produce the map, nor does it include the AML and related ancillary key and other files used to assemble the components of the map.
A Postscript file showing the geologic map on a topographic and land-grid base, and containing a Correlation of Map Units diagram (CMU), and a List of Map Units. (Note the size of the map when printed at publication scale (1:100,000) is 30 by 24 inches (76 by 61 cm).
A PDF document providing Introductory text, Description of Map Units (DMU), References, and a table of radiometric ages. A collection of ARC/INFO (http://www.esri.com, Environmental Systems Research Institute) version 7.2.1 coverages (as export files) of the elements of the geologic map, including:
a. Network coverage containing the geologic polygons, contacts, and faults,
b. Annotation coverage containing the geologic unit labels and leaders,
c. Point coverage containing the radiometric age sample localities,
d. Template files containing the lookup table structure used to produce the map. Data to populate the template files is provided in comma-separated value (.csv) text files as follows: napkey.csv plutonkey.csv geoline.csv
e. Network coverage containing the Correlation of Map Units (CMU) for the map.
Portable Document Format (.pdf) files consisting of:
a. Introductory text, Description of Map Units (DMU), References, and a table of radiometric ages for the map.
b. A graphic of the map as in the Postscript file above.
FGDC compliant metadata for the digital data files (coverages). The Correlation of Map Units and Description of Map Units are in a format similar to that of the USGS Geologic Investigations Series (I-series) maps but have not been edited to comply with I-map standards. Even though this is an Open-File Report and includes the standard USGS Open-File disclaimer, the report closely adheres to the Stratigraphic Nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey.
ARC/INFO symbolsets (shade and line) as used for these maps have been made available elsewhere as part of Geologic map of Central (Interior) Alaska, published as a USGS Open-File Report (Wilson and others, 1998, http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of98-133-a/).
This product does not include the digital topographic base or land-grid files used to produce the map, nor does it include the AML and related ancillary key and other files used to assemble the components of the map.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03105","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., Hudson, T.L., Grybeck, D., Stoeser, D.B., Preller, C.C., Bickerstaff, D., Labay, K., and Miller, M.L., 2003, Preliminary geologic map of the northeast Dillingham quadrangle (D-1, D-2, C-1, and C-2), Alaska (Edition 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-105, Report: 13 p.; Plate: 30.01 x 24.43 inches; Metadata: HTML Report, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03105.","productDescription":"Report: 13 p.; Plate: 30.01 x 24.43 inches; Metadata: HTML Report","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179303,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03105.jpg"},{"id":293658,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0105/"},{"id":398344,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54896.htm"},{"id":285300,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0105/pdf/of03-105pamph.pdf"},{"id":285301,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0105/pdf/of03-105.pdf"},{"id":285302,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0105/dinegeol_meta.htm"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Dillingham quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.75,\n 59.5\n ],\n [\n -156.75,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 59.5\n ],\n [\n -156.75,\n 59.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Edition 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db667ebf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, Travis L.","contributorId":28288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grybeck, Donald","contributorId":8066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grybeck","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stoeser, Douglas B. dstoeser@usgs.gov","contributorId":1821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeser","given":"Douglas","email":"dstoeser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Preller, Cindi C.","contributorId":55898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preller","given":"Cindi","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bickerstaff, Damon","contributorId":49445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickerstaff","given":"Damon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Labay, Keith A. 0000-0002-6763-3190 klabay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6763-3190","contributorId":2097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labay","given":"Keith A.","email":"klabay@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":243626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":51534,"text":"ofr03211 - 2003 - An Account of Preliminary Landslide Damage and Losses Resulting from the February 28, 2001, Nisqually, Washington, Earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:13","indexId":"ofr03211","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-211","title":"An Account of Preliminary Landslide Damage and Losses Resulting from the February 28, 2001, Nisqually, Washington, Earthquake","docAbstract":"The February 28, 2001, Nisqually, Washington, earthquake (Mw = 6.8) damaged an area of the northwestern United States that previously experienced two major historical earthquakes, in 1949 and in 1965. Preliminary estimates of direct monetary losses from damage due to earthquake-induced landslides is approximately $34.3 million. However, this figure does not include costs from damages to the elevated portion of the Alaskan Way Viaduct, a major highway through downtown Seattle, Washington that will be repaired or rebuilt, depending on the future decision of local and state authorities. There is much debate as to the cause of the damage to this viaduct with evaluations of cause ranging from earthquake shaking and liquefaction to lateral spreading to a combination of these effects. If the viaduct is included in the costs, the losses increase to $500+ million (if it is repaired) or to more than $1+ billion (if it is replaced). Preliminary estimate of losses due to all causes of earthquake damage is approximately $2 billion, which includes temporary repairs to the Alaskan Way Viaduct. These preliminary dollar figures will no doubt increase when plans and decisions regarding the Viaduct are completed.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03211","usgsCitation":"Highland, L.M., 2003, An Account of Preliminary Landslide Damage and Losses Resulting from the February 28, 2001, Nisqually, Washington, Earthquake (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-211, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03211.","productDescription":"48 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4551,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-211","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68670a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Highland, Lynn M. highland@usgs.gov","contributorId":1292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Highland","given":"Lynn","email":"highland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":243870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50628,"text":"ofr02155 - 2003 - Archive of sidescan-sonar data and DGPS navigation data collected during USGS cruise SUNCO1010, Pulley Ridge, Gulf of Mexico, 05 September-12 September, 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:05","indexId":"ofr02155","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-155","title":"Archive of sidescan-sonar data and DGPS navigation data collected during USGS cruise SUNCO1010, Pulley Ridge, Gulf of Mexico, 05 September-12 September, 2001","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02155","usgsCitation":"Hammar-Klose, E.S., Twichell, D., and Worley, C., 2003, Archive of sidescan-sonar data and DGPS navigation data collected during USGS cruise SUNCO1010, Pulley Ridge, Gulf of Mexico, 05 September-12 September, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-155, One disc, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02155.","productDescription":"One disc","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac0e4b07f02db676d65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hammar-Klose, Erika S.","contributorId":77137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammar-Klose","given":"Erika","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twichell, D.C.","contributorId":84304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Worley, C.R.","contributorId":43479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worley","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":51423,"text":"ofr03187 - 2003 - Preliminary paleomagnetic results from the Coyote Creek Outdoor Classroom drill hole, Santa Clara Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-08T18:11:56.975741","indexId":"ofr03187","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-187","title":"Preliminary paleomagnetic results from the Coyote Creek Outdoor Classroom drill hole, Santa Clara Valley, California","docAbstract":"Paleomagnetic samples were obtained from cores taken during the drilling of a research well along Coyote Creek in San Jose, California, in order to use the geomagnetic field behavior recorded in those samples to provide age constraints for the sediment encountered. The well reached a depth of 308 meters and material apparently was deposited largely (entirely?) during the Brunhes Normal Polarity Chron, which lasted from 780 ka to the present time. Three episodes of anomalous magnetic inclinations were recorded in parts of the sedimentary sequence; the uppermost two we correlate to the Mono Lake (~30 ka) geomagnetic excursion and 6 cm lower, tentatively to the Laschamp (~45 ka) excursion. The lowermost anomalous interval occurs at 305 m and consists of less than 10 cm of fully reversed inclinations underlain by 1.5 m of normal polarity sediment. This lower anomalous interval may represent either the Big Lost excursion (~565 ka) or the polarity transition at the end of the Matuyama Reversed Polarity Chron (780 ka). The average rates of deposition for the Pleistocene section in this well, based on these two alternatives, are approximately 52 or 37 cm/kyr, respectively.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03187","usgsCitation":"Mankinen, E.A., and Wentworth, C.M., 2003, Preliminary paleomagnetic results from the Coyote Creek Outdoor Classroom drill hole, Santa Clara Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-187, ii, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03187.","productDescription":"ii, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7705,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-187/of03-187.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":4438,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-187/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":406384,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54841.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.05,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -121.7833,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -121.7833,\n 37.4\n ],\n [\n -122.05,\n 37.4\n ],\n [\n -122.05,\n 37.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d4a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wentworth, Carl M. 0000-0003-2569-569X cwent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-569X","contributorId":1178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentworth","given":"Carl","email":"cwent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":51428,"text":"ofr03164 - 2003 - Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Twin Mountain-Travis Peak Aquifer, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T13:37:00","indexId":"ofr03164","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-164","title":"Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Twin Mountain-Travis Peak Aquifer, Texas","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03164","isbn":"0607916982","usgsCitation":"Houston, N.A., Garcia, C.A., and Strom, E.W., 2003, Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Twin Mountain-Travis Peak Aquifer, Texas (Version 1.0, May 2003): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-164, 1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03164.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","edition":"Version 1.0, May 2003","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f92bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, C. Amanda 0000-0003-3776-3565 cgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-3565","contributorId":1899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.","email":"cgarcia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strom, Eric W. ewstrom@usgs.gov","contributorId":337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"Eric","email":"ewstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":51429,"text":"ofr03163 - 2003 - Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Paluxy Aquifer, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T13:36:09","indexId":"ofr03163","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-163","title":"Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Paluxy Aquifer, Texas","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03163","isbn":"0607916974","usgsCitation":"Houston, N.A., Garcia, C.A., and Strom, E.W., 2003, Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Paluxy Aquifer, Texas (Version 1.0, May 2003): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-163, 1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03163.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","edition":"Version 1.0, May 2003","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f92b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, C. Amanda 0000-0003-3776-3565 cgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-3565","contributorId":1899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.","email":"cgarcia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strom, Eric W. ewstrom@usgs.gov","contributorId":337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"Eric","email":"ewstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":51408,"text":"ofr03232 - 2003 - Earthquakes of the Central United States, 1795-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:22","indexId":"ofr03232","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-232","title":"Earthquakes of the Central United States, 1795-2002","docAbstract":"This report describes construction of a list of Central U.S. earthquakes to be shown on a large-format map that is targeted for a non-technical audience. The map shows the locations and sizes of historical earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 or larger over the most seismically active part of the central U.S., including the New Madrid seismic zone. The map shows more than one-half million square kilometers and parts or all of ten States. No existing earthquake catalog had provided current, uniform coverage down to magnitude 3.0, so one had to be made. Consultation with State geological surveys insured compatibility with earthquake lists maintained by them, thereby allowing the surveys and the map to present consistent information to the public.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03232","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., 2003, Earthquakes of the Central United States, 1795-2002 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-232, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03232.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4415,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-232/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db62957e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51410,"text":"ofr03230 - 2003 - Digital depth horizon compilations of the Alaskan North Slope and adjacent Arctic regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T20:22:30.774246","indexId":"ofr03230","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-230","title":"Digital depth horizon compilations of the Alaskan North Slope and adjacent Arctic regions","docAbstract":"Data have been digitized and combined to create four detailed depth horizon grids spanning the Alaskan North Slope and adjacent offshore areas. These map horizon compilations were created to aid in petroleum system modeling and related studies. Topography/bathymetry is extracted from a recent Arctic compilation of global onshore DEM and satellite altimetry and ship soundings offshore. The Lower Cretaceous Unconformity (LCU), the top of the Triassic Shublik Formation, and the pre-Carboniferous acoustic basement horizon grids are created from numerous seismic studies, drill hole information, and interpolation. These horizons were selected because they mark critical times in the geologic evolution of the region as it relates to petroleum. The various horizons clearly show the major tectonic elements of this region including the Brooks Range, Colville Trough, Barrow Arch, Hanna Trough, Chukchi Platform, Nuwuk Basin, Kaktovik Basin, and Canada Basin. The gridded data are available in a variety of data formats for use in regional studies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03230","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., and Bird, K.J., 2003, Digital depth horizon compilations of the Alaskan North Slope and adjacent Arctic regions (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-230, Report: 21 p.; Readme; Data Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03230.","productDescription":"Report: 21 p.; Readme; Data Directory","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":408127,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54950.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":4425,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-230/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic region, North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -171,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 73\n ],\n [\n -171,\n 73\n ],\n [\n -171,\n 66\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d4e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, Richard W. saltus@usgs.gov","contributorId":777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"Richard","email":"saltus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":50859,"text":"wri034033 - 2003 - Relations of biological indicators to nutrient data for lakes and streams in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, 1990-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T15:38:06","indexId":"wri034033","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4033","title":"Relations of biological indicators to nutrient data for lakes and streams in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, 1990-98","docAbstract":"The Clean Water Action Plan of 1998 provides a blueprint for federal agencies to work with states, tribes, and other stakeholders to protect and restore the Nation's water resources. The plan includes an initiative that addresses the nutrient-enrichment problem of lakes and streams across the United States. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is working to set nutrient criteria by nationwide nutrient ecoregions that are an aggregation of the Omernik level III ecoregions. Because low levels of nutrients are necessary for healthy streams and elevated concentrations can cause algal blooms that deplete available oxygen and kill off aquatic organisms, criteria levels are to be set, in part, using the relation between chlorophyll a and concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.
Data from Pennsylvania and West Virginia, collected between 1990 and 1998, were analyzed for relations between chlorophyll a, nutrients, and other explanatory variables. Both phytoplankton and periphyton chlorophyll a concentrations from lakes and streams were analyzed separately within each of the USEPA nutrient ecoregions located within the boundaries of the two states. These four nutrient ecoregions are VII (Mostly Glaciated Dairy), VIII (Nutrient Poor, Largely Glaciated Upper Midwest and Northeast), IX (Southeastern Temperate Forested Plains and Hills), and XI (Central and Eastern Forested Uplands).
Phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations in lakes were related to total nitrogen, total phosphorus, Secchi depth, concentration of dissolved oxygen, pH, water temperature, and specific conductivity. In nutrient ecoregion VII, nutrients were not significant predictors of chlorophyll a concentrations. Total nitrogen, Secchi depth, and pH were significantly related to phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations in nutrient ecoregion IX. Lake periphyton chlorophyll a concentrations from nutrient ecoregion XI were related to total phosphorus rather than total nitrogen, Secchi depth, and pH. In all cases, Secchi depth was inversely related to the chlorophyll a concentrations in a lake. Nutrient ecoregion VIII had too few samples for any type of analysis.
Streams within the different nutrient ecoregions had many variables that were significantly related to periphyton chlorophyll a concentrations. These variables consisted of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, drainage area, percent forest cover, several macroinvertebrate indices, pH, basin slope, total residue, total suspended solids, and water temperature. Nutrients were not significantly related to periphyton chlorophyll a in streams within nutrient ecoregions VII or IX but were in nutrient ecoregion XI. Drainage area, percent forest cover, and several invertebrate indices were significant variables in nutrient ecoregion VII. Percent forest cover and several invertebrate indices had a negative relation with chlorophyll a concentrations in these streams. Percent forest cover and basin slope had a negative effect on periphyton in nutrient ecoregion IX streams. Light availability was more critical to periphyton growth in streams than nutrients.
Ecoregion XI had enough samples to do seasonal analyses. Summer-season periphyton chlorophyll a concentrations in nutrient ecoregion XI streams were positively related to total phosphorus and drainage area but negatively related to percent forest cover. Summer-season phytoplankton in streams was related to different variables within the same nutrient ecoregion. Both total nitrogen and total phosphorus were positively related with chlorophyll a concentrations as well as basin slope, total residue, and total suspended solids but negatively related to pH. The winter stream phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations were related to water temperature only.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034033","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Brightbill, R.A., and Koerkle, E.H., 2003, Relations of biological indicators to nutrient data for lakes and streams in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, 1990-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4033, viii, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034033.","productDescription":"viii, 67 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4627,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4033/wri20034033.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.34 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2003-4033"},{"id":178402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4033/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070