{"pageNumber":"2817","pageRowStart":"70400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184592,"records":[{"id":51421,"text":"ofr03189 - 2003 - Preliminary geologic map of the Murrieta 7.5' quadrangle, Riverside County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T14:15:17.766555","indexId":"ofr03189","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-189","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Murrieta 7.5' quadrangle, Riverside County, California","docAbstract":"

The Murrieta quadrangle is located in the northern part of the Peninsular Ranges Province and includes parts of two structural blocks, or structural subdivisions of the province. The quadrangle is diagonally crossed by the active Elsinore fault zone, a major fault zone of the San Andreas fault system, and separates the Santa Ana Mountains block to the west from the Perris block to the east. Both blocks are relatively stable internally and within the quadrangle are characterized by the presence of widespread erosional surfaces of low relief.

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The Santa Ana Mountains block, in the Murrieta quadrangle, is underlain by undifferentiated, thick-layered, granular, impure quartzite and well-layered, fissile, phyllitic metamorphic rock of low metamorphic grade. Both quartzite and phyllitic rocks are Mesozoic. Unconformably overlying the metamorphic rocks are remnants of basalt flows having relatively unmodified flow surfaces. The age of the basalt is about 7-8Ma. Large shallow depressions on the surface of the larger basalt remnants form vernal ponds that contain an endemic flora. Beneath the basalt the upper part of the metamorphic rocks is deeply weathered. The weathering appears to be the same as the regional Paleocene saprolitic weathering in southern California. West of the quadrangle a variable thickness sedimentary rock, physically resembling Paleogene rocks, occurs between the basalt and metamorphic rock. Where not protected by the basalt, the weathered rock has been removed by erosion.

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The dominant feature on the Perris block in the Murrieta quadrangle is the south half of the Paloma Valley ring complex, part of the composite Peninsular Ranges batholith. The complex is elliptical in plan view and consists of an older ring-dike with two subsidiary short-arced dikes that were emplaced into gabbro by magmatic stoping. Small to large stoped blocks of gabbro are common within the ring-dikes. A younger ring-set of hundreds of thin pegmatite dikes occur largely within the central part of the complex. These pegmatite dikes were emplaced into a domal fracture system, apparently produced by cauldron subsidence, and include in the center of the complex, a number of flat-floored granophyre bodies. The granophyre is interpreted to be the result of pressure quenching of pegmatite magma. Along the eastern edge of the quadrangle is the western part of a large septum of medium metamorphic grade Mesozoic schist. A dissected basalt flow caps the Hogbacks northeast of Temecula, and represents remnants of a channel filling flow. Beneath the basalt is a thin deposit of stream gravel. Having an age of about 10Ma, this basalt is about 2-3Ma older than the basalt flows in the Santa Ana Mountains.

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The Elsinore fault zone forms a complex of pull-apart basins. The west edge of the fault zone, the Willard Fault, is marked by the high, steep eastern face of the Santa Ana Mountains. The east side of the zone, the Wildomar Fault, forms a less pronounced physiographic step. In the center of the quadrangle a major splay of the fault zone, the Murrieta Hot Springs Fault, strikes east. Branching of the fault zone causes the development of a broad alluvial valley between the Willard Fault and the Murrieta Hot Springs Fault. All but the axial part of the zone between the Willard and Wildomar Faults consist of dissected Pleistocene sedimentary units. The axial part of the zone is underlain by Holocene and latest Pleistocene sedimentary units.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03189","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, M.P., and Morton, D.M., 2003, Preliminary geologic map of the Murrieta 7.5' quadrangle, Riverside County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-189, 1 Plate: 44.0 x 34.0 inches; Readme; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03189.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 44.0 x 34.0 inches; Readme; Metadata","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110424,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54821.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"54821"},{"id":179032,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03189.jpg"},{"id":285570,"rank":5,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0189/README.txt"},{"id":285573,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0189/mur_map.ps.gz"},{"id":285572,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0189/mur.tar.gz"},{"id":4436,"rank":7,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285569,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0189/pdf/README.pdf"},{"id":285571,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0189/mur_met.txt"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic projection","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Riverside County","otherGeospatial":"Santa Ana Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.25,33.5 ], [ -117.25,33.625 ], [ -117.125,33.625 ], [ -117.125,33.5 ], [ -117.25,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6984f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Michael P.","contributorId":63469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, Douglas M. scamp@usgs.gov","contributorId":4102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Douglas","email":"scamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":243526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44607,"text":"wri024173 - 2003 - Occurrence of volatile organic compounds in drinking water from the United States: Results from archived chromatograms and water samples, 1989-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-09T15:19:43.478403","indexId":"wri024173","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4173","title":"Occurrence of volatile organic compounds in drinking water from the United States: Results from archived chromatograms and water samples, 1989-2000","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024173","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, S.D., Plummer, N., Focazio, M., Busenberg, E., Kirkland, W., and Fernandez, M., 2003, Occurrence of volatile organic compounds in drinking water from the United States: Results from archived chromatograms and water samples, 1989-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4173, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024173.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":81947,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4173/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Jr.","contributorId":35474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernandez","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":51408,"text":"ofr03232 - 2003 - Earthquakes of the Central United States, 1795-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:22","indexId":"ofr03232","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-232","title":"Earthquakes of the Central United States, 1795-2002","docAbstract":"This report describes construction of a list of Central U.S. earthquakes to be shown on a large-format map that is targeted for a non-technical audience. The map shows the locations and sizes of historical earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 or larger over the most seismically active part of the central U.S., including the New Madrid seismic zone. The map shows more than one-half million square kilometers and parts or all of ten States. No existing earthquake catalog had provided current, uniform coverage down to magnitude 3.0, so one had to be made. Consultation with State geological surveys insured compatibility with earthquake lists maintained by them, thereby allowing the surveys and the map to present consistent information to the public.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03232","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., 2003, Earthquakes of the Central United States, 1795-2002 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-232, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03232.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4415,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-232/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db62957e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51414,"text":"ofr03214 - 2003 - Earthquake probabilities in the San Francisco Bay region: 2002-2031","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-18T22:23:51.381788","indexId":"ofr03214","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-214","title":"Earthquake probabilities in the San Francisco Bay region: 2002-2031","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03214","usgsCitation":"Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 2003, Earthquake probabilities in the San Francisco Bay region: 2002-2031: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-214, 235 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03214.","productDescription":"235 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":391897,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54809.htm"},{"id":4429,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-214/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.6667,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -123.6667,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -123.6667,\n 36.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62978d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities","contributorId":127922,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities","id":532116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44566,"text":"wri024232 - 2003 - Phosphorus and E. coli and their relation to selected constituents during storm runoff conditions in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1998-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T09:16:17","indexId":"wri024232","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4232","title":"Phosphorus and E. coli and their relation to selected constituents during storm runoff conditions in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1998-99","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024232","usgsCitation":"Anderson, C., and Rounds, S.A., 2003, Phosphorus and E. coli and their relation to selected constituents during storm runoff conditions in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1998-99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4232, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024232.","productDescription":"45 p.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3782,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024232/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db6876bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Chauncey W. 0000-0002-1016-3781 chauncey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-3781","contributorId":1151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Chauncey W.","email":"chauncey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206 sarounds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"sarounds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70197199,"text":"70197199 - 2003 - Use of a probabilistic neural network to reduce costs of selecting construction rock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-21T16:49:25","indexId":"70197199","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a probabilistic neural network to reduce costs of selecting construction rock","docAbstract":"

Rocks used as construction aggregate in temperate climates deteriorate to differing degrees because of repeated freezing and thawing. The magnitude of the deterioration depends on the rock's properties. Aggregate, including crushed carbonate rock, is required to have minimum geotechnical qualities before it can be used in asphalt and concrete. In order to reduce chances of premature and expensive repairs, extensive freeze-thaw tests are conducted on potential construction rocks. These tests typically involve 300 freeze-thaw cycles and can take four to five months to complete. Less time consuming tests that (1) predict durability as well as the extended freeze-thaw test or that (2) reduce the number of rocks subject to the extended test, could save considerable amounts of money. Here we use a probabilistic neural network to try and predict durability as determined by the freeze-thaw test using four rock properties measured on 843 limestone samples from the Kansas Department of Transportation. Modified freeze-thaw tests and less time consuming specific gravity (dry), specific gravity (saturated), and modified absorption tests were conducted on each sample. Durability factors of 95 or more as determined from the extensive freeze-thaw tests are viewed as acceptable—rocks with values below 95 are rejected. If only the modified freeze-thaw test is used to predict which rocks are acceptable, about 45% are misclassified. When 421 randomly selected samples and all four standardized and scaled variables were used to train aprobabilistic neural network, the rate of misclassification of 422 independent validation samples dropped to 28%. The network was trained so that each class (group) and each variable had its own coefficient (sigma). In an attempt to reduce errors further, an additional class was added to the training data to predict durability values greater than 84 and less than 98, resulting in only 11% of the samples misclassified. About 43% of the test data was classed by the neural net into the middle group—these rocks should be subject to full freeze-thaw tests. Thus, use of the probabilistic neural network would meanthat the extended test would only need be applied to 43% of the samples, and 11% of the rocks classed as acceptable would fail early.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1024266829365","usgsCitation":"Singer, D.A., and Bliss, J.D., 2003, Use of a probabilistic neural network to reduce costs of selecting construction rock: Natural Resources Research, v. 12, no. 2, p. 135-140, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024266829365.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"140","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b158506e4b092d9651e2117","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":735973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bliss, James D. jbliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"James","email":"jbliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":47783,"text":"wri034034 - 2003 - Hydrologic conditions and assessment of water resources in the Turkey Creek watershed, Jefferson County, Colorado, 1998-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T10:06:17","indexId":"wri034034","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4034","title":"Hydrologic conditions and assessment of water resources in the Turkey Creek watershed, Jefferson County, Colorado, 1998-2001","docAbstract":"The 47.2-square-mile Turkey Creek watershed, in Jefferson County southwest of Denver, Colorado, is relatively steep with about 4,000 feet of relief and is in an area of fractured crystalline rocks of Precambrian age. Water needs for about 4,900 households in the watershed are served by domestic wells and individual sewage-disposal systems. Hydrologic conditions are described on the basis of contemporary hydrologic and geologic data collected in the watershed from early spring 1998 through September 2001. The water resources are assessed using discrete fracture-network modeling to estimate porosity and a physically based, distributed-parameter watershed runoff model to develop estimates of water-balance terms. \r\n\r\nA variety of climatologic and hydrologic data were collected. Direct measurements of evapotranspiration indicate that a large amount (3 calendar-year mean of 82.9 percent) of precipitation is returned to the atmosphere. Surface-water records from January 1, 1999, through September 30, 2001, indicate that about 9 percent of precipitation leaves the watershed as streamflow in a seasonal pattern, with highest streamflows generally occurring in spring related to snowmelt and precipitation. Although conditions vary considerably within the watershed, overall watershed streamflow, based on several records collected during the 1940's, 1950's, 1980', and 1990's near the downstream part of watershed, can be as high as about 200 cubic feet per second on a daily basis during spring. Streamflow typically recedes to about 1 cubic foot per second or less during rainless periods and is rarely zero. Ground-water level data indicate a seasonal pattern similar to that of surface water in which water levels are highest, rising tens of feet in some locations, in the spring and then receding during rainless periods at relatively constant rates until recharged. Synoptic measurements of water levels in 131 mostly domestic wells in fall of 2001 indicate a water-table surface that conforms to topography. Analyses of reported well-construction records indicate a median reported well yield of 4 gallons per minute and a spatial distribution for reported well yield that has relatively uniform conditions of small-scale variability. Results from quarterly samples collected in water year 1999 at about 112 wells and 22 streams indicate relatively concentrated calcium-bicarbonate to calcium-chloride type water that has a higher concentration of chloride than would be expected on the basis of chloride content in precipitation and evapotranspiration rates. Comparison of the 1999 data to similar data collected in the 1970's indicates that concentrations for many constituents appear to have increased. Reconnaissance sampling in the fall of 2000 indicates that most ground water in the watershed was recharged recently, although some ground water was recharged more than 50 years ago. Additional reconnaissance sampling in the spring and fall of 2001 identified some compounds indicative of human wastewater in ground water and surface water.\r\n\r\nOutcrop fracture measurements were used to estimate potential porosities in three rock groups (metamorphic, intrusive, and fault zone) that have distinct fracture characteristics. The characterization, assuming a uniform aperture size of 100 microns, indicates very low potential fracture porosities, on the order of hundredths of a percent for metamorphic and intrusive rocks and up to about 2 percent for fault-zone rocks. A fourth rock group, Pikes Peak Granite, was defined on the basis of weathering characteristics. Short-term continuous and synoptic measurements of streamflow were used to describe base-flow characteristics in areas of the watershed underlain by each of the four rock groups and are the basis for characterization of base flow in a physically based, distributed-parameter watershed model. \r\n\r\nThe watershed model, the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS), was used to characterize hydrologic conditions ","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/wri034034","usgsCitation":"Bossong, C.R., Caine, J.S., Stannard, D.I., Flynn, J.L., Stevens, M.R., and Heiny-Dash, J.S., 2003, Hydrologic conditions and assessment of water resources in the Turkey Creek watershed, Jefferson County, Colorado, 1998-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4034, 140 p., 45 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034034.","productDescription":"140 p., 45 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3995,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034034/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6116ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bossong, Clifford R.","contributorId":83183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bossong","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":236229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stannard, David I. distanna@usgs.gov","contributorId":562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stannard","given":"David","email":"distanna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":236226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flynn, Jennifer L.","contributorId":66298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heiny-Dash, Janet S.","contributorId":80146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heiny-Dash","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":47793,"text":"ofr02497 - 2003 - Long-term hydrologic monitoring protocol for coastal ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-26T09:52:29","indexId":"ofr02497","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-497","title":"Long-term hydrologic monitoring protocol for coastal ecosystems","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02497","usgsCitation":"McCobb, T.D., and Weiskel, P.K., 2003, Long-term hydrologic monitoring protocol for coastal ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-497, xiii, 94 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02497.","productDescription":"xiii, 94 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":171153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4004,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02497/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63ee8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCobb, Timothy D. 0000-0003-1533-847X tmccobb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1533-847X","contributorId":2012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCobb","given":"Timothy","email":"tmccobb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiskel, Peter K. pweiskel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiskel","given":"Peter","email":"pweiskel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":51419,"text":"ofr03192 - 2003 - Generation and migration of petroleum in Iraq: a 21/2D and 3D modeling study of Jurassic source rocks : compiled PowerPoint Slides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:22","indexId":"ofr03192","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-192","title":"Generation and migration of petroleum in Iraq: a 21/2D and 3D modeling study of Jurassic source rocks : compiled PowerPoint Slides","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03192","usgsCitation":"Pitman, J.K., Steinshouer, D.W., and Lewan, M., 2003, Generation and migration of petroleum in Iraq: a 21/2D and 3D modeling study of Jurassic source rocks : compiled PowerPoint Slides: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-192, 17 slides, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03192.","productDescription":"17 slides","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4434,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-192/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aebda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinshouer, Douglas W.","contributorId":54628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinshouer","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewan, Michael D. mlewan@usgs.gov","contributorId":940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Michael D.","email":"mlewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":243522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185655,"text":"70185655 - 2003 - A procedure for quantitation of total oxidized uranium for bioremediation studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T11:16:08","indexId":"70185655","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2390,"text":"Journal of Microbiological Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A procedure for quantitation of total oxidized uranium for bioremediation studies","docAbstract":"

A procedure was developed for the quantitation of complexed U(VI) during studies on U(VI) bioremediation. These studies typically involve conversion of soluble or complexed U(VI) (oxidized) to U(IV) (the reduced form which is much less soluble). Since U(VI) freely exchanges between material adsorbed to the solid phase and the dissolved phase, uranium bioremediation experiments require a mass balance of U in both its soluble and adsorbed forms as well as in the reduced sediment bound phase. We set out to optimize a procedure for extraction and quantitation of sediment bound U(VI). Various extractant volumes to sediment ratios were tested and it was found that between 1:1 to 8:1 ratios (v/w) there was a steady increase in U(VI) recovered, but no change with further increases in v/w ratio.

Various strengths of NaHCO3, Na-EDTA, and Na-citrate were used to evaluate complexed U(VI) recovery, while the efficiency of a single versus repeated extraction steps was compared with synthesized uranyl-phosphate and uranyl-hydroxide. Total recovery with 1 M NaHCO3 was 95.7% and 97.9% from uranyl-phosphate and uranyl-hydroxide, respectively, compared to 80.7% and 89.9% using 450 mM NaHCO3. Performing the procedure once yielded an efficiency of 81.1% and 92.3% for uranyl-phosphate and uranyl-hydroxide, respectively, as compared to three times. All other extractants yielded 7.9–82.0% in both experiments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0167-7012(02)00252-X","usgsCitation":"Elias, D.A., Senko, J.M., and Krumholz, L.R., 2003, A procedure for quantitation of total oxidized uranium for bioremediation studies: Journal of Microbiological Methods, v. 53, no. 3, p. 343-353, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(02)00252-X.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"343","endPage":"353","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da251ce4b0543bf7fda80e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elias, Dwayne A.","contributorId":189299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elias","given":"Dwayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senko, John M.","contributorId":187692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Senko","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krumholz, Lee R.","contributorId":187679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krumholz","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":50889,"text":"wri20034048 - 2003 - Measurement of sedimentary interbed hydraulic properties and their hydrologic influence near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-11T07:14:26","indexId":"wri20034048","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4048","displayTitle":"Measurement of Sedimentary Interbed Hydraulic Properties and Their Hydrologic Influence near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory","title":"Measurement of sedimentary interbed hydraulic properties and their hydrologic influence near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory","docAbstract":"Disposal of wastewater to unlined infiltration ponds near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC), formerly known as the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant, at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has resulted in the formation of perched water bodies in the unsaturated zone (Cecil and others, 1991). The unsaturated zone at INEEL comprises numerous basalt flows interbedded with thinner layers of coarse- to fine-grained sediments and perched ground-water zones exist at various depths associated with massive basalts, basalt-flow contacts, sedimentary interbeds, and sediment-basalt contacts. Perched ground water is believed to result from large infiltration events such as seasonal flow in the Big Lost River and wastewater discharge to infiltration ponds. Evidence from a large-scale tracer experiment conducted in 1999 near the Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC), approximately 13 km from the INTEC, indicates that rapid lateral flow of perched water in the unsaturated zone may be an important factor in contaminant transport at the INEEL (Nimmo and others, 2002b). Because sedimentary interbeds, and possibly baked-zone alterations at sediment-basalt contacts (Cecil and other, 1991) play an important role in the generation of perched water it is important to assess the hydraulic properties of these units.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20034048","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Perkins, K.S., 2003, Measurement of sedimentary interbed hydraulic properties and their hydrologic influence near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4048, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20034048.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9848,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://wwwrcamnl.wr.usgs.gov/uzf/abs_pubs/papers/WRI034048.pdf","size":"3191","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.16629028320312,\n 43.402054267905655\n ],\n [\n -111.87515258789062,\n 43.402054267905655\n ],\n [\n -111.87515258789062,\n 43.68872888432795\n ],\n [\n -112.16629028320312,\n 43.68872888432795\n ],\n [\n -112.16629028320312,\n 43.402054267905655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610ff4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, Kim S.","contributorId":106963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50890,"text":"wri034051 - 2003 - Hydrogeology and Ground-Water Quality of Brunswick County, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-08T13:41:55","indexId":"wri034051","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4051","title":"Hydrogeology and Ground-Water Quality of Brunswick County, North Carolina","docAbstract":"

Brunswick County is the southernmost coastal county in North Carolina and lies in the southeastern part of the Coastal Plain physiographic province. In this report, geologic, hydrologic, and chemical data were used to investigate and delineate the hydrogeologic framework and ground-water quality of Brunswick County. The major aquifers and their associated confining units delineated in the Brunswick County study area include, from youngest to oldest, the surficial, Castle Hayne, Peedee, Black Creek, upper Cape Fear, and lower Cape Fear aquifers.

All of these aquifers, with the exception of the Castle Hayne aquifer, are located throughout Brunswick County. The Castle Hayne aquifer extends across only the southeastern part of the county. Based on available data, the Castle Hayne and Peedee confining units are missing in some areas of Brunswick County, which allows direct hydraulic contact between the surficial aquifer and underlying Castle Hayne or Peedee aquifers. The confining units for the Black Creek, upper Cape Fear, and lower Cape Fear aquifers appear to be continuous throughout Brunswick County.

In examining the conceptual hydrologic system for Brunswick County, a generalized water budget was developed to better understand the natural processes, including precipitation, evapotranspiration, and stream runoff, that influence ground-water recharge to the shallow aquifer system in the county. In the generalized water budget, an estimated 11 inches per year of the average annual precipitation of 55 inches per year in Brunswick County is estimated to infiltrate and recharge the shallow aquifer system. Of the 11 inches per year that recharges the shallow system, about 1 inch per year is estimated to recharge the deeper aquifer system.

The surficial aquifer in Brunswick County is an important source of water for domestic supply and irrigation. The Castle Hayne aquifer is the most productive aquifer and serves as the principal ground-water source of municipal supply for the county. The upper part of the Peedee aquifer is an important source of ground-water supply for domestic and commercial use. Ground water in the lower part of the Peedee aquifer and the underlying aquifers is brackish and is not known to be used as a source of supply in Brunswick County. Most of the precipitation that recharges the surficial aquifer is discharged to local streams that drain into the Waccamaw River, Cape Fear River, and Atlantic Ocean. Recharge to the Castle Hayne aquifer occurs primarily from the surficial aquifer. Recharge to the Peedee aquifer occurs primarily from the surficial and Castle Hayne aquifers, with some upward leakage of water also occurring from the underlying Black Creek aquifer. Discharge from the Castle Hayne and Peedee aquifers occurs to local streams, the Cape Fear River, and the Atlantic Ocean.

Evaluation of water-level data for the period January 1970 through May 2002 indicated no apparent long-term temporal trends in water levels in the surficial and Castle Hayne aquifers and in the upper part of the Peedee aquifer. The most significant water-level trends were noted for wells tapping the lower part of the Peedee aquifer and tapping the Black Creek aquifer where water levels have declined as much as 41 and 37 feet, respectively. These ground-water-level declines are attributed to regional ground-water pumping in areas outside of Brunswick County. Water-level data for Brunswick County wells tapping the upper Cape Fear and lower Cape Fear aquifers tend to fluctuate within a fairly uniform range with no apparent temporal trend noted. Analysis of vertical hydraulic gradients during this same period primarily indicate downward flow of ground water within and among the surficial, Castle Hayne, and Peedee aquifers. The vertical flow of ground water in the Black Creek aquifer is upward into the overlying Peedee aquifer. Upward flow also is noted for the upper and lower Cape Fear aquifers.

Historic and recent analytic data were evaluated to better understand the sources of water contained in Brunswick County aquifers and the suitability of the water for consumption. Based on analytical results obtained for recent samples collected during this study, ground water from the surficial aquifer, Castle Hayne aquifer, and upper part of the Peedee aquifer appears to be generally suitable for drinking water. Although concentrations of iron and manganese commonly exceeded the drinking-water standards, the concern generally associated with the occurrence of these analytes in a water supply is one of aesthetics. In all samples, nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate were detected at concentrations less than drinkingwater standards.

Based on historic analytical data, the brackish water in the lower part of the Peedee aquifer and in the Black Creek, upper Cape Fear, and lower Cape Fear aquifers is classified as a sodium-chloride type water. The presence of brackish water in these deeper systems combined with upward vertical gradients presents the potential for upward migration of brackish water into overlying aquifers, or upconing beneath areas of pumping. The current (2001) location of the boundary between freshwater and brackish water in Brunswick County aquifers is unknown.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034051","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Brunswick County, North Carolina","usgsCitation":"Harden, S.L., Fine, J.M., and Spruill, T.B., 2003, Hydrogeology and Ground-Water Quality of Brunswick County, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4051, Report: vi, 90 p.; 9 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034051.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 90 p.; 9 Plates","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353461,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051_BrunswickPlate8.pdf","text":"Plate 8","size":"4.93 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 8. Maps Showing Altitude of Top of Aquifer and Confining Unit, and Thickness of Confining Unit for the (A-C) Castle Hayne, (D-F) Peedee, and (G-I) Black Creek Aquifers in Brunswick County, North Carolina"},{"id":353462,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051_BrunswickPlate9.pdf","text":"Plate 9","size":"3.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 9. Maps Showing Altitude of Top of Aquifer and Confining Unit, and Thickness of Confining Unit for the (A-C) Upper Cape Fear, (D-F) Peedee, and (G-I) Lower Cape Fear Aquifers , and (G) The Alktitude of Basement Rocks in Brunswick County, North Carolina"},{"id":353458,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051__BrunswickPlate5.pdf","text":"Plate 5","size":"1.10 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 5. Hydrogeologic Section E-E', Brunswick County, North Carolina"},{"id":353459,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051_BrunswickPlate6.pdf","text":"Plate 6","size":"1.49 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 6. Hydrogeologic Section F-F', Brunswick County, North Carolina"},{"id":353460,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051_BrunswickPlate7.pdf","text":"Plate 7","size":"1.31 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 7. Hydrogeologic Section G-G', Brunswick County, North Carolina"},{"id":86378,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.80 MB ","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2003-4051"},{"id":353454,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051_BrunswickPlate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"742 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 1. Hydrogeologic Section A-A', Brunswick County, North Carolina"},{"id":353455,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051_BrunswickPlate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"905 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 2. Hydrogeologic Section B-B', Brunswick County, North Carolina"},{"id":353456,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051_BrunswickPlate3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","size":"891 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 3. Hydrogeologic Section C-C', Brunswick County, North Carolina"},{"id":353457,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4051/wri20034051_BrunswickPlate4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Plate 4. 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Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210

","tableOfContents":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68551d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harden, Stephen L. 0000-0001-6886-0099 slharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-0099","contributorId":2212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Stephen","email":"slharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fine, Jason M. 0000-0002-6386-256X jmfine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6386-256X","contributorId":2238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fine","given":"Jason","email":"jmfine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spruill, Timothy B.","contributorId":51724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spruill","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":51465,"text":"ofr0383 - 2003 - Worldwide asbestos supply and consumption trends from 1900 to 2000","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51465,"text":"ofr0383 - 2003 - Worldwide asbestos supply and consumption trends from 1900 to 2000","indexId":"ofr0383","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Worldwide asbestos supply and consumption trends from 1900 to 2000"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":79448,"text":"cir1298 - 2006 - Worldwide Asbestos Supply and Consumption Trends from 1900 through 2003","indexId":"cir1298","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Worldwide Asbestos Supply and Consumption Trends from 1900 through 2003"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":79448,"text":"cir1298 - 2006 - Worldwide Asbestos Supply and Consumption Trends from 1900 through 2003","indexId":"cir1298","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Worldwide Asbestos Supply and Consumption Trends from 1900 through 2003"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:13","indexId":"ofr0383","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-83","title":"Worldwide asbestos supply and consumption trends from 1900 to 2000","docAbstract":"The use of asbestos is one of the most controversial issues surrounding the industrial minerals industry. Its carcinogenic nature, an overall lack of knowledge of minimum safe exposure levels, its widespread use for more than 100 years, and the long latency for the development of lung cancer and mesothelioma are the main contributing factors to these controversies. Another factor is that, despite decades of research, the mechanisms responsible for its carcinogenic properties are still largely unknown. The United States has produced about 3.28 million metric tons of asbestos fiber and used approximately 31.5 million tons between 1900 and 2000. About half of this amount was used since 1960. Cumulative world production during that same time period was about 173 million tons. Assuming that unusually large stocks are not maintained and that world consumption roughly equals production, about half of the world production and consumption occurred since 1976. The United States and western European nations were the largest consumers of asbestos during the first two-thirds of the 20th century. They were surpassed by the collective production and consumption of States within the former Soviet Union by the 1970s. With the onset of the health issues concerning asbestos in the late 1960s and early 1970s, world production and consumption began to decline during the 1980s. In 2000, world consumption, estimated to be 1.48 million tons, was only 31% that of 1980. Countries in Asia, South America, and the former Soviet Union remain the largest users of asbestos. More specifically, Brazil, China, India, Japan, Russia, and Thailand are the only countries that consumed more than 60,000 tons of asbestos in 2000. These six countries accounted for more than 80% of world?s apparent consumption in 2000.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0383","usgsCitation":"Virta, R.L., 2003, Worldwide asbestos supply and consumption trends from 1900 to 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-83, 59 p. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0383.","productDescription":"59 p. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4472,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-083/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69919f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, Robert L. rvirta@usgs.gov","contributorId":395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"Robert","email":"rvirta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50891,"text":"wri034081 - 2003 - Geologic framework and hydrogeologic features of the Glen Rose Limestone, Camp Bullis Training Site, Bexar County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T10:45:24","indexId":"wri034081","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4081","title":"Geologic framework and hydrogeologic features of the Glen Rose Limestone, Camp Bullis Training Site, Bexar County, Texas","docAbstract":"

The Glen Rose Limestone crops out over most of the Camp Bullis Training Site in northern Bexar County, Texas, where it consists of upper and lower members and composes the upper zone and the upper part of the middle zone of the Trinity aquifer. Uncharacteristically permeable in northern Bexar County, the Glen Rose Limestone can provide avenues for recharge to and potential contamination of the downgradient Edwards aquifer, which occupies the southeastern corner of Camp Bullis.

The upper member of the Glen Rose Limestone characteristically is thin-bedded and composed mostly of soft limestone and marl, and the lower Glen Rose typically is composed mostly of relatively massive, fossiliferous limestone. The upper member, about 410 to 450 feet thick at Camp Bullis, was divided in this study into five hydrogeologic subdivisions, A through E (youngest to oldest).

The approximately 120-foot-thick Interval A has an abundance of caves, which is indicative of its generally well developed fracture, channel, and cavern porosity that in places provides appreciable permeability. The 120- to 150-foot-thick Interval B is similar to Interval A but with less cave development and considerably less permeability. The 10- to 20-foot-thick Interval C, a layer of partly to mostly dissolved soluble carbonate minerals, is characterized by breccia porosity, boxwork permeability, and collapse structures that typically divert ground water laterally to discharge at land surface. The 135- to 180-foot-thick Interval D generally has low porosity and little permeability with some local exceptions, most notably the caprinid biostrome just below the top of the interval, which appears to be permeable by virtue of excellent moldic, vug, fracture, and cavern porosity. The 10- to 20-foot-thick Interval E, a layer of partly to mostly dissolved evaporites similar to Interval C, has similar hydrogeologic properties and a tendency to divert ground water laterally.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034081","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Army","usgsCitation":"Clark, A.K., 2003, Geologic framework and hydrogeologic features of the Glen Rose Limestone, Camp Bullis Training Site, Bexar County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4081, HTML Document; Report: iii, 9 p.; Plate: 24 x 27 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034081.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: iii, 9 p.; Plate: 24 x 27 inches","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4655,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034081/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":335459,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034081/pdf/wri03-4081_plate.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"1.55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1"},{"id":335458,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034081/pdf/wri03-4081_text.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Camp Bullis training site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.50273132324217,\n 29.72145191669099\n ],\n [\n -98.50513458251953,\n 29.757522458754078\n ],\n [\n -98.5648727416992,\n 29.76020487319709\n ],\n [\n -98.61019134521484,\n 29.756330251509993\n ],\n [\n -98.62152099609375,\n 29.75185934803561\n ],\n [\n -98.62667083740234,\n 29.736060558738526\n ],\n [\n -98.63456726074217,\n 29.70445551438034\n ],\n [\n -98.63525390624999,\n 29.68924576848234\n ],\n [\n -98.63353729248047,\n 29.673735421779128\n ],\n [\n -98.60332489013672,\n 29.625996273660785\n ],\n [\n -98.5971450805664,\n 29.619131910181054\n ],\n [\n -98.58993530273438,\n 29.617042663267018\n ],\n [\n -98.57173919677734,\n 29.617042663267018\n ],\n [\n -98.54564666748047,\n 29.616445727622548\n ],\n [\n -98.51680755615234,\n 29.622116473498576\n ],\n [\n -98.51268768310547,\n 29.624802504907223\n ],\n [\n -98.51062774658202,\n 29.643005941369136\n ],\n [\n -98.5092544555664,\n 29.687157976593504\n ],\n [\n -98.50273132324217,\n 29.72145191669099\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8bfb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Allan K. 0000-0003-0099-1521 akclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-1521","contributorId":1279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Allan","email":"akclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51473,"text":"ofr0370 - 2003 - Surface-water hydrologic data for the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, water years 1990-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T13:56:35","indexId":"ofr0370","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-70","title":"Surface-water hydrologic data for the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, water years 1990-95","docAbstract":"

During water years 1990–95, data were collected at 24 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations, 21 rain gages, and 6 water-quality stations in the Houston metropolitan area, Texas. The data were collected as part of the Houston Urban Runoff Program, which began in water year 1964.

Annual peaks were defined for the 24 streamflow-gaging stations in the study area. All stations had 10 or more years of record. Precipitation data from the 21 rain gages and discharge or stage data from 23 streamflow-gaging stations are available to develop storm hydrographs.

One-hundred thirty-four samples were collected at six water-quality stations. The samples were analyzed for about 80 water-quality properties and constituents.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0370","collaboration":"In cooperation with the City of Houston and the Harris County Flood Control District","usgsCitation":"Sneck-Fahrer, D.A., Liscum, F., and East, J., 2003, Surface-water hydrologic data for the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, water years 1990-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-70, HTML Document; Report: 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0370.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: 43 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338648,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr03-070/pdf/ofr03-070.pdf","text":"Report","size":"485 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":4476,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr03-070/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.554345125748267\n ],\n [\n -94.52636718749999,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 30.29701788337205\n ],\n [\n -94.976806640625,\n 30.675715404167743\n ],\n [\n -95.07568359375,\n 30.829139422013956\n ],\n [\n -95.25970458984374,\n 30.954057859276126\n ],\n [\n -95.614013671875,\n 30.95876857077987\n ],\n [\n -96.064453125,\n 30.798474179567823\n ],\n [\n -96.2841796875,\n 30.64027517241868\n ],\n [\n -96.3446044921875,\n 30.462879341709886\n ],\n [\n -96.2237548828125,\n 30.073847754270204\n ],\n [\n -96.03149414062499,\n 29.410890376109\n ],\n [\n -95.82275390625,\n 29.080175989623203\n ],\n [\n -95.6304931640625,\n 28.9072060763367\n ],\n [\n -95.3558349609375,\n 28.8831596093235\n ],\n [\n -94.7515869140625,\n 29.291189838184863\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.554345125748267\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fbca3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sneck-Fahrer, Debra A.","contributorId":43844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneck-Fahrer","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liscum, Fred","contributorId":95463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liscum","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"East, Jeffery W. jweast@usgs.gov","contributorId":1683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Jeffery W.","email":"jweast@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":51534,"text":"ofr03211 - 2003 - An Account of Preliminary Landslide Damage and Losses Resulting from the February 28, 2001, Nisqually, Washington, Earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:13","indexId":"ofr03211","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-211","title":"An Account of Preliminary Landslide Damage and Losses Resulting from the February 28, 2001, Nisqually, Washington, Earthquake","docAbstract":"The February 28, 2001, Nisqually, Washington, earthquake (Mw = 6.8) damaged an area of the northwestern United States that previously experienced two major historical earthquakes, in 1949 and in 1965. Preliminary estimates of direct monetary losses from damage due to earthquake-induced landslides is approximately $34.3 million. However, this figure does not include costs from damages to the elevated portion of the Alaskan Way Viaduct, a major highway through downtown Seattle, Washington that will be repaired or rebuilt, depending on the future decision of local and state authorities. There is much debate as to the cause of the damage to this viaduct with evaluations of cause ranging from earthquake shaking and liquefaction to lateral spreading to a combination of these effects. If the viaduct is included in the costs, the losses increase to $500+ million (if it is repaired) or to more than $1+ billion (if it is replaced). Preliminary estimate of losses due to all causes of earthquake damage is approximately $2 billion, which includes temporary repairs to the Alaskan Way Viaduct. These preliminary dollar figures will no doubt increase when plans and decisions regarding the Viaduct are completed.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03211","usgsCitation":"Highland, L.M., 2003, An Account of Preliminary Landslide Damage and Losses Resulting from the February 28, 2001, Nisqually, Washington, Earthquake (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-211, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03211.","productDescription":"48 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4551,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-211","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68670a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Highland, Lynn M. highland@usgs.gov","contributorId":1292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Highland","given":"Lynn","email":"highland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":243870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51442,"text":"ofr03135 - 2003 - Geologic database for digital geology of California, Nevada, and Utah— An application of the North American Data Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T14:12:17.21539","indexId":"ofr03135","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-135","title":"Geologic database for digital geology of California, Nevada, and Utah— An application of the North American Data Model","docAbstract":"

The USGS is creating an integrated national database for digital state geologic maps that includes stratigraphic, age, and lithologic information. The majority of the conterminous 48 states have digital geologic base maps available, often at scales of 1:500,000. This product is a prototype, and is intended to demonstrate the types of derivative maps that will be possible with the national integrated database. This database permits the creation of a number of types of maps via simple or sophisticated queries, maps that may be useful in a number of areas, including mineral-resource assessment, environmental assessment, and regional tectonic evolution.

\n
\n

This database is distributed with three main parts: a Microsoft Access 2000 database containing geologic map attribute data, an Arc/Info (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California) Export format file containing points representing designation of stratigraphic regions for the Geologic Map of Utah, and an ArcView 3.2 (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California) project containing scripts and dialogs for performing a series of generalization and mineral resource queries.

\n
\n

IMPORTANT NOTE: Spatial data for the respective stage geologic maps is not distributed with this report. The digital state geologic maps for the states involved in this report are separate products, and two of them are produced by individual state agencies, which may be legally and/or financially responsible for this data. However, the spatial datasets for maps discussed in this report are available to the public. Questions regarding the distribution, sale, and use of individual state geologic maps should be sent to the respective state agency. We do provide suggestions for obtaining and formatting the spatial data to make it compatible with data in this report. See section ‘Obtaining and Formatting Spatial Data’ in the PDF version of the report.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03135","usgsCitation":"Bedford, D., Ludington, S., Nutt, C., Stone, P., Miller, D., Miller, R.J., Wagner, D.L., and Saucedo, G.J., 2003, Geologic database for digital geology of California, Nevada, and Utah— An application of the North American Data Model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-135, Report: 35 p.; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03135.","productDescription":"Report: 35 p.; Metadata","numberOfPages":"35","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391028,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_58957.htm"},{"id":285562,"rank":9,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/ut_regions.met"},{"id":285558,"rank":8,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/pdf/OFR03-135.pdf"},{"id":285560,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/wr_mrsa.mdb"},{"id":285563,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/wr_mrsa.apr"},{"id":285564,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/lithtree.zip"},{"id":285565,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/OFR03-135.zip"},{"id":285559,"rank":2,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/OFR03-135.txt"},{"id":179085,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03135.jpg"},{"id":4452,"rank":11,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285561,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0135/ut_regions.e00"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 33.08233672856376\n ],\n [\n -109.2041015625,\n 33.08233672856376\n ],\n [\n -109.2041015625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 33.08233672856376\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a28eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedford, David R.","contributorId":26352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedford","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ludington, Steve","contributorId":106848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludington","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nutt, Constance M.","contributorId":15116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nutt","given":"Constance M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stone, Paul A.","contributorId":65000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Paul A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":1707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":243584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Robert J. rjmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":2516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"rjmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wagner, David L.","contributorId":9934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Saucedo, George J.","contributorId":89006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saucedo","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":51482,"text":"ofr0353 - 2003 - Alaska resource data file: Black River quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-03T15:37:14.85713","indexId":"ofr0353","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-53","title":"Alaska resource data file: Black River quadrangle","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0353","usgsCitation":"Clautice, K.H., 2003, Alaska resource data file: Black River quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-53, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0353.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489472,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0053/ofr0353.pdf"},{"id":4483,"rank":4,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":389452,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54577.htm"},{"id":178249,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0053/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Black River quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -144,\n 67\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 67\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 67\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db60836b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clautice, Karen H.","contributorId":43852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clautice","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51468,"text":"ofr0376 - 2003 - Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 2.0: An ArcView extension for calculating shoreline change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-06T08:40:07","indexId":"ofr0376","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-76","title":"Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 2.0: An ArcView extension for calculating shoreline change","docAbstract":"

No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr0376","usgsCitation":"Thieler, E.R., Martin, D., and Ergul, A., 2003, Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 2.0: An ArcView extension for calculating shoreline change (Version 2.1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-76, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0376.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4474,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/publications/DSAS/of03-76/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 2.1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b45f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Daniel","contributorId":75379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ergul, Ayhan","contributorId":12140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ergul","given":"Ayhan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":51470,"text":"ofr200373 - 2003 - Summary of water- and sediment-quality data for Anacostia River well sites sampled in July-August 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-10T13:21:12.109217","indexId":"ofr200373","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-73","title":"Summary of water- and sediment-quality data for Anacostia River well sites sampled in July-August 2002","docAbstract":"This data report is a summary of chemical analyses conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey on ground water and sediment in the tidal Anacostia River watershed, Washington, D.C. during July-August 2002. Cores were drilled and wells were established at three shoreline sites: two wells at the New York Avenue overpass, two wells at the Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens, and one well at Anacostia Park. Additionally, two cores were collected by hoverprobe in mudflats on the river: one by Benning Road and one in the mouth of Beaverdam Creek. Chemical analyses included volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds or polyaromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, aroclors and total polychlorinated biphenyls, metals, nutrients, biochemical and chemical oxygen demands, total phenols, total cyanide, oil and grease, and total suspended and dissolved solids in aqueous phases.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr200373","usgsCitation":"Miller, C.V., and Klohe, C.A., 2003, Summary of water- and sediment-quality data for Anacostia River well sites sampled in July-August 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-73, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr200373.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","temporalStart":"2002-07-01","temporalEnd":"2002-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":176013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9047,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr03-073/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699bee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Cherie V. 0000-0001-7765-5919 cvmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-5919","contributorId":863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Cherie","email":"cvmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klohe, Cheryl A.","contributorId":54275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klohe","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":50743,"text":"ofr03173 - 2003 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group: Determination of acetamide herbicides and their degradation products in water using online solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-15T18:51:47.198138","indexId":"ofr03173","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-173","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group: Determination of acetamide herbicides and their degradation products in water using online solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"

An analytical method for the determination of 6 acetamide herbicides (acetochlor, alachlor, dimethenamid, flufenacet, metolachlor, and propachlor) and 16 of their degradation products in natural water samples using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry is described in this report. Special consideration was given during the development of the method to prevent the formation of degradation products during the analysis. Filtered water samples were analyzed using octadecylsilane as the solid-phase extraction media on online automated equipment followed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The method uses only 10 milliliters of sample per injection. Three different water-sample matrices, a reagent-water, a ground-water, and a surface-water sample spiked at 0.10 and 1.0 microgram per liter, were analyzed to determine method performance.

Method detection limits ranged from 0.004 to 0.051 microgram per liter for the parent acetamide herbicides and their degradation products. Mean recoveries for the acetamide compounds in the ground- and surface-water samples ranged from 62.3 to 117.4 percent. The secondary amide of acetochlor/metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA) was recovered at an average rate of 43.5 percent. The mean recoveries for propachlor and propachlor oxanilic acid (OXA) were next lowest, ranging from 62.3 to 95.5 percent. Mean recoveries from reagent-water samples ranged from 90.3 to 118.3 percent for all compounds. Overall the mean of the mean recoveries of all compounds in the three matrices spiked at 0.10 and 1.0 microgram per liter ranged from 89.9 to 100.7 percent, including the secondary amide of acetochlor/metolachlor ESA and the propachlor compounds. The acetamide herbicides and their degradation products are reported in concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 2.0 micrograms per liter. The upper concentration limit is 2.0 micrograms per liter for all compounds without dilution.

With the exception of the secondary amide of acetochlor/metolachlor ESA, good precision and accuracy for the chloroacetanalide herbicides and their degradation compounds were demonstrated for the method in buffered reagent water, ground water, and surface water. The extraction method as used did not optimize the recovery of the secondary amide of acetochlor/metolachlor ESA.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03173","usgsCitation":"Lee, E., and Strahan, A., 2003, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group: Determination of acetamide herbicides and their degradation products in water using online solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-173, vi, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03173.","productDescription":"vi, 17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431091,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":176744,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0173/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62bb2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, E.A.","contributorId":48608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strahan, A.P.","contributorId":6902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strahan","given":"A.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":47581,"text":"ofr03149 - 2003 - Electrical property measurements of mine waste from the Sunday #2 and Venir Mines, Leadville, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:58","indexId":"ofr03149","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-149","title":"Electrical property measurements of mine waste from the Sunday #2 and Venir Mines, Leadville, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03149","usgsCitation":"Horton, R., 2003, Electrical property measurements of mine waste from the Sunday #2 and Venir Mines, Leadville, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-149, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03149.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3967,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-149/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6071b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton, Robert 0000-0001-5578-3733 rhorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-3733","contributorId":612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Robert","email":"rhorton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":235780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51430,"text":"ofr03162 - 2003 - Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Glen Rose Aquifer, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T13:34:47","indexId":"ofr03162","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-162","title":"Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Glen Rose Aquifer, Texas","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03162","isbn":"0607916966","usgsCitation":"Houston, N.A., Garcia, C.A., and Strom, E.W., 2003, Selected hydrogeologic datasets for the Glen Rose Aquifer, Texas (Version 1.0, May 2003): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-162, 1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03162.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","edition":"Version 1.0, May 2003","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9353","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, C. Amanda 0000-0003-3776-3565 cgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-3565","contributorId":1899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.","email":"cgarcia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strom, Eric W. ewstrom@usgs.gov","contributorId":337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"Eric","email":"ewstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":50853,"text":"wri034017 - 2003 - Reactive-transport simulation of phosphorus in the sewage plume at the Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T17:27:11","indexId":"wri034017","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4017","title":"Reactive-transport simulation of phosphorus in the sewage plume at the Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"

The subsurface transport of phosphorus introduced by the disposal of treated sewage effluent to ground-infiltration disposal beds at the Massachusetts Military Reservation on western Cape Cod was simulated with a three-dimensional reactive-transport model. The simulations were used to estimate the load of phosphorus transported to Ashumet Pond during operation of the sewage-treatment plant from 1936 to 1995 and for 60 years following cessation of sewage disposal. The model accounted for spatial and temporal changes in water discharge from the sewage-treatment plant, ground-water flow, transport of associated chemical constituents, and a set of chemical reactions, including phosphorus sorption on aquifer materials, dissolution and precipitation of iron- and manganese-oxyhydroxide and iron phosphate minerals, organic carbon sorption and decomposition, cation sorption, and irreversible denitrification. The flow and transport in the aquifer were simulated by using parameters consistent with those used in previous flow models of this area of Cape Cod, except that numerical dispersion was much larger than the physical dispersion estimated in previous studies. Sorption parameters were fit to data derived from phosphorus sorption and desorption laboratory column experiments. Rates of organic carbon decomposition were adjusted to match the location of iron concentrations in an anoxic iron zone within the sewage plume. The sensitivity of the simulated load of phosphorus transported to Ashumet Pond was calculated for a variety of processes and input parameters. Model limitations included large uncertainties associated with the loading of the sewage beds, the flow system, and the chemistry and sorption characteristics in the aquifer. The results of current model simulations indicate a small load of phosphorus transported to Ashumet Pond during 1965-85, but this small load was particularly sensitive to model parameters that specify flow conditions and the chemical process by which non-desorbable phosphorus is incorporated in the sediments. The uncertainties were large enough to make it difficult to determine whether loads of phosphorus transported to Ashumet Pond in the 1990s were greater or less than loads during the previous two decades. The model simulations indicate substantial discharge of phosphorus to Ashumet Pond after about 1965. After the period 2000-10 the simulations indicate that the load of phosphorus transported to Ashumet Pond decreases continuously, but the load of phosphorus remains substantial for many decades. The current simulations indicate a peak in phosphorus discharge to Ashumet Pond of about 1,000 kilograms per year during the 1990s; however, comparisons of simulated phosphorus concentrations with measured concentrations in 1993 indicate that the peak in phosphorus load transported to Ashumet Pond may be larger and moving more quickly in the model simulations than in the aquifer. The results of the three-dimensional reactive-transport simulations are consistent with the loading history, experimental laboratory data, and field measurements. The results of the simulations adequately reproduce the spatial distribution of phosphorus concentrations measured in 1993, the magnitude of changes in phosphorus concentration with time in a profile near the disposal beds following cessation of sewage disposal, the observed iron zone in the sewage plume, the approximate flow of treated sewage effluent into Ashumet Valley, and laboratory-column data for phosphorus sorption and desorption.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034017","usgsCitation":"Parkhurst, D.L., Stollenwerk, K.G., and Colman, J.A., 2003, Reactive-transport simulation of phosphorus in the sewage plume at the Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4017, v, 33 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034017.","productDescription":"v, 33 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4623,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034017/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts ","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.7958984375,\n 41.582579601430346\n ],\n [\n -69.85107421874999,\n 41.582579601430346\n ],\n [\n -69.85107421874999,\n 42.21224516288584\n ],\n [\n -70.7958984375,\n 42.21224516288584\n ],\n [\n -70.7958984375,\n 41.582579601430346\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6486dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":242454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colman, John A. 0000-0001-9327-0779 jacolman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-0779","contributorId":2098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"John","email":"jacolman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":69693,"text":"mf2327C - 2003 - Geochemistry, geochronology, mineralogy, and geology suggest sources of and controls on mineral systems in the southern Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-29T20:32:41.208546","indexId":"mf2327C","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2327","chapter":"C","title":"Geochemistry, geochronology, mineralogy, and geology suggest sources of and controls on mineral systems in the southern Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Geochemistry maps showing the distribution and abundance of 18 elements in about 1,400 rock samples, both mineralized and unmineralized, from the southern Toquima Range, Nev., indicate major structural and lithologic controls on mineralization, and suggest sources of the elements. Radiometric age data, lead mineralogy and paragenesis data, and lead-isotope data supplement the geochemical and geologic data, providing further insight into timing, sources, and controls on mineralization.\r\nMajor zones of mineralization are centered on structural margins of calderas and principal northwest-striking fault zones, as at Round Mountain, Manhattan, and Jefferson mining districts, and on intersections of low-angle and steep structures, as at Belmont mining district. Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, mostly limestones (at Manhattan, Jefferson, and Belmont districts), and porous Oligocene ash-flow tuffs (at Round Mountain district) host the major deposits, although all rock types have been mineralized as evidenced by numerous prospects throughout the area.\r\nPrincipal mineral systems are gold-silver at Round Mountain where about 7 million ounces of gold and more than 4 million ounces of silver has been produced; gold at Gold Hill in the west part of the Manhattan district where about a half million ounces of gold has been produced; gold-mercury-arsenic-antimony in the east (White Caps) part of the Manhattan district where a few hundred thousand ounces of gold has been produced; and silver-lead-antimony at Belmont where more than 150,000 ounces of silver has been produced. Lesser amounts of gold and silver have been produced from the Jefferson district and from scattered mines elsewhere in the southern Toquima Range. A small amount of tungsten was produced from mines in the granite of the Round Mountain pluton exposed east of Round Mountain, and small amounts of arsenic, antimony, and mercury have been produced elsewhere in the southern Toquima Range.\r\nAll elements show unique distribution patterns that suggest specific sources and lithologic influences on deposition, as well as multiple episodes of mineralization. Principal episodes of mineralization are Late Cretaceous (molybdenum and tungsten in and near granite; silver at Belmont and Silver Point mines), early Oligocene [tourmaline and base- and precious-metals around the granodiorite of Dry Canyon stock as well as at Manhattan(?)], late Oligocene (gold at Round Mountain and Jefferson), and Miocene (gold at Manhattan). Most likely principal sources of molybdenum, tungsten, silver, and bismuth are Cretaceous granites; of antimony, arsenic, and mercury are intermediate-composition early Oligocene intrusives; and of gold are early and late Oligocene and early Miocene magmas of the volcanic cycle. Lead may have been derived principally from Cretaceous granitic magma and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks.\r\nSeveral areas prospective for undiscovered mineral deposits are suggested by spatial patterns of element distributions related to geologic features. The Manhattan district in the vicinity of the White Caps mine may be underlain by a copper-molybdenum porphyry system related to a buried stock; peripheral high-grade gold veins and skarn deposits may be present below deposits previously mined. The Jefferson district also may be underlain by a copper-molybdenum porphyry system related to a buried stock, it too with peripheral high-grade gold deposits. The Bald Mountain Canyon belt of small gold veins has potential for deeper deposits in buried porous ash-flow tuff similar to the huge Round Mountain low-grade gold-silver deposit. Several other areas have potential for a variety of mineral deposits.\r\nAltogether the geochemical, geochronologic, mineralogic, and geologic evidence suggests recurring mineralizing episodes of varied character, from Late Cretaceous to late Tertiary time, related to a long-lived hot spot deep in the crust or in the upper mantle. Granite plutons of Late Cretaceous age were minerali","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2327C","usgsCitation":"Shawe, D., Hoffman, J.D., Doe, B.R., Foord, E.E., Stein, H., and Ayuso, R.A., 2003, Geochemistry, geochronology, mineralogy, and geology suggest sources of and controls on mineral systems in the southern Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2327, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2327C.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110421,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54745.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"54745"},{"id":191925,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6366,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2003/mf-2327-c/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"48000","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"southern Toquima Range","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.125,38.5 ], [ -117.125,38.75 ], [ -116.75,38.75 ], [ -116.75,38.5 ], [ -117.125,38.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6a9eb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shawe, Daniel R.","contributorId":91448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shawe","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, James D. jhoffman@usgs.gov","contributorId":243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"James","email":"jhoffman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":280906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doe, Bruce R.","contributorId":87554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doe","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foord, Eugene E.","contributorId":96319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foord","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stein, Holly J.","contributorId":46959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Holly J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}