Salinity regimes in coastal ecosystems are highly dynamic and driven by complex geomorphic and hydrological processes. Estuarine biota are generally adapted to salinity fluctuation, but are vulnerable to salinity extremes. Characterizing coastal salinity regime for ecological studies therefore requires representing extremes of salinity ranges at time scales relevant to ecology (e.g., daily, monthly, and seasonally). Here, we propose a framework for modeling coastal salinity with these overall goals: (1) quantify uncertainty in salinity associated with important terrestrial and oceanographic drivers, (2) examine time scales of salinity response to river streamflow events, and (3) predict salinity continuously over space at key time scales. Salinity is modeled as quantile surfaces related to river discharge, tidal dynamics, wind, and spatial location, applied to Suwannee Sound estuary, FL, USA, where salinity has been monitored spatially since 1981. Each quantile level is regressed independently, and together they comprise a distribution of salinity uncertainty across space, with upper and lower quantiles describing salinity extremes. Effects of physical drivers on salinity are compared through four base models with various combinations of tide and wind variables, each including spatial coordinates and a single streamflow metric (in cubic meters per second). Multiple time scales of streamflow are considered by taking means across various periods, from 1 to 12 days, and at various lagged intervals prior to salinity sample, totaling 144 streamflow metrics. We found that the Suwannee coastal salinity regime is dynamic at multiple time scales and varies nonlinearly across space from the river effluence outward. Salinity increases nonlinearly with decreasing river flow rates below 200 m3/s, most prominently in the lower quantiles of salinity (τ = 0.05–0.25). Wind appears to have a stronger influence on salinity than astronomic tides for this estuary. The regression approach developed here can be applied to any coastal system that has sufficient spatial and temporal monitoring coverage to capture multiple flood and drought events. It is implemented with a simple R routine, and is less computationally-intensive than finite difference hydrodynamic modeling. The characterizations of salinity uncertainty developed in these analyses can be directly applied to future studies of fish and wildlife responses to changes in watershed management.
Keys to Dickcissel (Spiza americana) management include providing dense, moderate-to-tall vegetation, particularly with a well-developed forb component, and moderately deep litter. Dickcissels have been reported to use grassland habitats with 4–166 centimeters (cm) average vegetation height, 6–85 cm visual obstruction reading, 11–68 percent grass cover, 1–86 percent forb cover, less than or equal to (≤) 10 percent shrub cover, less than (<) 27 percent bare ground cover, <30 percent litter cover, and ≤ 6 cm litter depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842OO","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, J.A., Igl, L.D., Johnson, D.H., Sondreal, M.L., Goldade, C.M., Zimmerman, A.L., and Euliss, B.R., 2023, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Dickcissel (Spiza americana), chap. OO of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842OO.","productDescription":"v, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-097130","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416091,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/oo/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":416092,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/oo/pp1842oo.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.24 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842–OO"}],"contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401
The ability of reefs to protect coastlines from storm-driven flooding hinges on their capacity to keep pace with sea-level rise. Here, we show how and whether coral restoration could achieve the often-cited goal of reversing the impacts of coral-reef degradation to preserve this essential function. We combined coral-growth measurements and carbonate-budget assessments of reef-accretion potential at Buck Island Reef, U.S. Virgin Islands, with hydrodynamic modeling to quantify future coastal flooding under various coral-restoration, sea-level rise, and storm scenarios. Our results provide guidance on how restoration of Acropora palmata, if successful, could mitigate the most extreme impacts of coastal flooding by reversing projected trajectories of reef erosion and allowing reefs to keep pace with the ~0.5 m of sea-level rise expected by 2100 with moderate carbon-emissions reductions. This highlights the potential long-term benefits of pursuing coral-reef restoration alongside climate-change mitigation to support the persistence of essential coral-reef ecosystem services.
Eco-evolutionary interactions following ecosystem change provide critical insight into the ability of organisms to adapt to shifting resource landscapes. Here we explore evidence for the rapid parallel evolution of trout feeding morphology following eco-evolutionary interactions with zooplankton in alpine lakes stocked at different points in time in the Wind River Range (Wyoming, USA). In this system, trout predation has altered the zooplankton species community and driven a decrease in average zooplankton size. In some lakes that were stocked decades ago, we find shifts in gill raker traits consistent with the hypothesis that trout have rapidly adapted to exploit available smaller-bodied zooplankton more effectively. We explore this morphological response in multiple lake populations across two species of trout (cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii, and golden trout Oncorhynchus aguabonita) and examine the impact of resource availability on morphological variation in gill raker number among lakes. Furthermore, we present genetic data to provide evidence that historically stocked cutthroat trout populations likely derive from multiple population sources, and incorporate variation from genomic relatedness in our exploration of environmental predictors of feeding morphology. These findings describe rapid adaptation and eco-evolutionary interactions in trout and document an evolutionary response to novel, contemporary ecosystem change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpad059","usgsCitation":"Combrink, L., Rosenthal, W.C., Boyle, L.J., Rick, J.A., Krist, A.C., Mandeville, E.G., Walters, A.W., and Wagner, C., 2023, Parallel shifts in trout feeding morphology suggest rapid adaptation to alpine lake environments: Evolution, v. 77, no. 7, p. 1522-1538, https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpad059.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1522","endPage":"1538","ipdsId":"IP-145950","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10309971","text":"External Repository"},{"id":429628,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Combrink, Lucia L.","contributorId":337367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Combrink","given":"Lucia L.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenthal, William C.","contributorId":337368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenthal","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyle, Lindsey J.","contributorId":337370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyle","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rick, Jessica A.","contributorId":337372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rick","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krist, Amy C","contributorId":337613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krist","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mandeville, Elizabeth G.","contributorId":166947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mandeville","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wagner, Catherine E.","contributorId":337377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Catherine E.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70243123,"text":"70243123 - 2023 - Modeling impacts of saltwater intrusion on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in tidal forested wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-11T15:57:57.974985","indexId":"70243123","displayToPublicDate":"2023-04-21T06:26:43","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling impacts of saltwater intrusion on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in tidal forested wetlands","docAbstract":"Emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from soils to the atmosphere can offset the benefits of carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation. While past study has suggested that both CH4 and N2O emissions from tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) are generally low, the impacts of coastal droughts and drought-induced saltwater intrusion on CH4 and N2O emissions remain unclear. In this study, a process-driven biogeochemistry model, Tidal Freshwater Wetland DeNitrification-DeComposition (TFW-DNDC) was applied to examine the responses of CH4 and N2O emissions to episodic drought-induced saltwater intrusion in TFFW along the Waccamaw River and Savannah River, USA. These sites encompass landscape gradients of both surface and porewater salinity as influenced by Atlantic Ocean tides superimposed on periodic droughts. Surprisingly, CH4 and N2O emission responsiveness to coastal droughts and drought-induced saltwater intrusion varied greatly between river systems and among local geomorphologic settings. This reflected the complexity of wetland CH4 and N2O emissions and suggests that simple linkages to salinity may not always be relevant, as non-linear relationships dominated our simulations. Along the Savannah River, N2O emissions in the moderate-oligohaline tidal forest site tended to increase dramatically under the drought condition, while CH4 emission decreased. For the Waccamaw River, emissions of both CH4 and N2O in the moderate-oligohaline tidal forest site tended to decrease under the drought condition, but the capacity of the moderate-oligohaline tidal forest to serve as a carbon sink was substantially reduced due to significant declines in net primary productivity and soil organic carbon sequestration rates as salinity killed the dominant freshwater vegetation. These changes in fluxes of CH4 and N2O reflect crucial synergistic effects of soil salinity and water level on C and N dynamics in TFFW due to drought-induced seawater intrusion.
South Manitou Island, part of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore in northern Lake Michigan, is a post-glacial lacustrine landscape with substantial geomorphic changes including landslides, shoreline and bluff retreat, and sand dune movement. These changes involve interrelated processes, and are influenced to different extents by lake level, climate change, and land use patterns, among other factors. The utility of DEM of Difference (DoD) and other terrain analyses were investigated as a means of understanding interrelated geomorphologic changes and processes across multiple decades and at multiple scales. A 1m DEM was developed from 1955 historical aerial imagery using Structure from Motion Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) and compared to a 2016 lidar-based DEM to quantify change. Landslides, shoreline erosion, bluff retreat, and sand dune movement were investigated throughout South Manitou Island. While the DoD indicates net loss or gain, interpretation of change must take into consideration the SfM-MVS source of the historical DEM. In the case of landslides, where additional understanding may be gleaned through review of the timing of lake high- and lowstands together with DoD values. Landscape-scale findings quantified cumulative feedbacks between interrelated processes. These findings could be upscaled to assess changes across the entire park, informing future change investigations and land management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/ijgi12040173","usgsCitation":"DeWitt, J.D., and Ashland, F., 2023, Investigating geomorphic change using a structure from motion elevation model created from historical aerial imagery: A case study in northern Lake Michigan, USA: ISPRS International Journal of Geo-information, v. 12, no. 4, 173, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12040173.","productDescription":"173, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135951","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12040173","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420775,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, South Manitou Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.11501011248272,\n 44.99859848151604\n ],\n [\n -86.11151860548817,\n 45.0008204742272\n ],\n [\n -86.10593219429762,\n 45.001314238683136\n ],\n [\n -86.10348813940179,\n 45.00316581749374\n ],\n [\n -86.10086950915604,\n 45.005017336463794\n ],\n [\n -86.09598139936371,\n 45.00538763307685\n ],\n [\n -86.09283904306896,\n 45.00699222407434\n ],\n [\n -86.09091871422216,\n 45.009954427829854\n ],\n [\n -86.09301361841888,\n 45.01242281393826\n ],\n [\n -86.09685427611251,\n 45.013780380951914\n ],\n [\n -86.09842545426024,\n 45.015508146971996\n ],\n [\n -86.09999663240727,\n 45.0192103271973\n ],\n [\n -86.09999663240727,\n 45.02291226806037\n ],\n [\n -86.09929833100836,\n 45.02673735548902\n ],\n [\n -86.09580682401447,\n 45.02969853796566\n ],\n [\n -86.09161701562104,\n 45.03117907175729\n ],\n [\n -86.0863797551296,\n 45.031425823665614\n ],\n [\n -86.07922216579134,\n 45.030438809648956\n ],\n [\n -86.07485778204867,\n 45.02920501819111\n ],\n [\n -86.07974589184035,\n 45.03574380985694\n ],\n [\n -86.08428485093289,\n 45.03993811304554\n ],\n [\n -86.08882381002545,\n 45.04215850202999\n ],\n [\n -86.0940610705169,\n 45.04203514934687\n ],\n [\n -86.10209153660396,\n 45.04351536398906\n ],\n [\n -86.10628134499738,\n 45.04474884693579\n ],\n [\n -86.11186775618796,\n 45.04622899136464\n ],\n [\n -86.11727959202933,\n 45.04931250258707\n ],\n [\n -86.12531005811573,\n 45.047339074553776\n ],\n [\n -86.13246764745402,\n 45.044872193767304\n ],\n [\n -86.13857778469426,\n 45.04326866420851\n ],\n [\n -86.142243867038,\n 45.04067825228134\n ],\n [\n -86.14398962053563,\n 45.03623727324839\n ],\n [\n -86.14800485357848,\n 45.027230896540175\n ],\n [\n -86.151496360573,\n 45.02315905560701\n ],\n [\n -86.15586074431567,\n 45.01711245445824\n ],\n [\n -86.15708277176357,\n 45.01291647839395\n ],\n [\n -86.15673362106448,\n 45.00600478877976\n ],\n [\n -86.15725734711346,\n 45.00452360392279\n ],\n [\n -86.15586074431567,\n 45.001314238683136\n ],\n [\n -86.15376584011963,\n 45.00180799888372\n ],\n [\n -86.14765570287939,\n 45.000079819564775\n ],\n [\n -86.14119641494,\n 44.997610901540185\n ],\n [\n -86.13822863399447,\n 44.99711710516928\n ],\n [\n -86.13351509955272,\n 44.99600604777606\n ],\n [\n -86.131420195356,\n 44.99699365541156\n ],\n [\n -86.12775411301226,\n 44.99724055466106\n ],\n [\n -86.12548463346563,\n 44.99859848151604\n ],\n [\n -86.11919992087614,\n 44.997610901540185\n ],\n [\n -86.11501011248272,\n 44.99859848151604\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWitt, Jessica D. 0000-0002-8281-8134 jdewitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-8134","contributorId":5804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Jessica","email":"jdewitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":882939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashland, Francis 0000-0001-9948-0195 fashland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9948-0195","contributorId":198587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashland","given":"Francis","email":"fashland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":882940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70242863,"text":"pp1842O - 2023 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70242863,"text":"pp1842O - 2023 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)","indexId":"pp1842O","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"chapter":"O","displayTitle":"The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds—Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)","title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70203022,"text":"pp1842 - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70203022,"text":"pp1842 - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T21:15:22.8997","indexId":"pp1842O","displayToPublicDate":"2023-04-20T14:09:32","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1842","chapter":"O","displayTitle":"The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds—Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)","title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)","docAbstract":"Keys to Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) management in western North America’s grasslands, particularly those of the Great Plains region, include maintaining open, mostly undeveloped landscapes that sustain at least modest population levels of suitable prey (most typically rabbits [Leporidae] and prairie dogs or ground squirrels [Sciuridae]); safeguarding nesting territories (that is, breeding areas), especially nest structures within territories, from human disturbances; mitigating major sources of anthropogenic mortality, particularly electrocution on powerlines, shooting, collisions with structures and vehicles, and poisoning by lead and rodenticides; and averting climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842O","usgsCitation":"Murphy, R.K., DeLong, J.P., Igl, L.D., and Shaffer, J.A., 2023, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), chap. O of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842O.","productDescription":"v, 65 p.","numberOfPages":"76","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-093912","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416072,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/o/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":416073,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/o/pp1842o.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842–O"}],"contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Gwinnett County Department of Water Resources, established the Long-Term Trend Monitoring program in 1996 to monitor and analyze the hydrologic and water-quality conditions in Gwinnett County, Georgia. Gwinnett County is a suburban to urban area northeast of the city of Atlanta in north-central Georgia. The monitoring program currently consists of 15 watersheds ranging in size from 1.3 to about 161 square miles. This report synthesizes watershed characteristics and hydrologic and water-quality monitoring data collected for water years (WYs) 2002–20.
The 15 study watersheds were characterized for land-surface elevations, average land-surface slopes, septic densities, sanitary sewer densities, and detention pond areas. Temporal patterns in watershed characteristics were determined for land cover (2001–19), percent imperviousness (2000–20), population density (2000–20), and building density (1950–2022). In 2001, most of the watersheds had at least 45 percent of their land cover composed of developed land cover groups, and by 2019, at least 59 percent of each watershed was developed. Land cover changes occurred most rapidly between 2004 and 2008 at most watersheds. Percent imperviousness in the study watersheds varied substantially and ranged from 14.75 to 55.13 percent in 2019.
Precipitation and runoff were quantified at all study watersheds for WYs 2002–20, and the hydrologic cycle was evaluated both annually and seasonally. Several 1-year or longer droughts occurred during this period. Study area precipitation averaged 51.5 inches per year and runoff averaged 22.5 inches per year. Variations in annual runoff were largely determined by annual precipitation but were also dependent upon watershed storage. Runoff varied seasonally because of high evapotranspiration rates in the summer and changes in base flow associated with seasonal changes in watershed storage. Fifty-one percent of runoff in the study area occurred as base flow. Watersheds with higher imperviousness had higher stormflows because of increased surface runoff and lower base flows because of reduced infiltration that recharges watershed storage.
Turbidity, water temperature, and specific conductance were continuously measured at each study site. These constituents varied seasonally, diurnally, and with streamflow. A minimum of two base-flow and six stormflow samples were collected per year at each watershed and were analyzed for 21 water-quality constituents (water temperature, laboratory specific conductance, pH, and turbidity, biochemical and chemical oxygen demand, suspended sediments, nutrients, base cations, trace metals, and total dissolved solids). Concentrations of most particulate constituents were approximately one-half or more orders of magnitude higher in stormflow samples than in base-flow samples. Total copper and zinc stormflow concentrations exceeded the national recommended aquatic life criteria for acute conditions to varying degrees.
Annual loads and yields were estimated for 12 constituents (which include suspended sediments, nutrients, base cations, trace metals, and total dissolved solids) using a surrogate regression model approach and the Beale load estimator. Loads were typically higher for years with higher runoff. The proportional range of annual loads for total suspended solids, suspended-sediment concentrations, total phosphorus, and total lead, however, were 3.2 to 4.8 times larger than for annual runoff. Higher-than-expected annual sediment loads occurred in the years that also had some of the highest peak flows during the period, indicating that large storms are responsible for much of the sediment transport. Large development projects in proximity to streams also were related to years with high sediment loads. Yields from the Crooked Creek and North Fork Peachtree Creek watersheds were typically among the highest for 8 of the 12 constituents. These watersheds had the two highest amounts of developed medium plus high intensity land cover and the two highest percentages of imperviousness. Moderate to strong correlations were identified between seven of the constituent yields and the percentage of developed medium and high intensity land cover groups. Temporal trends in concentrations and loads were identified for 140 of the 300 possible watershed-time period-constituent combinations. There were substantially more negative than positive temporal trends identified during WYs 2003–10, whereas the number of negative and positive temporal trends were similar during WYs 2010–20. Measures of sediment transport had the most negative temporal trends. A few watersheds had consistent trends across several constituents; however, these trends did not appear to be associated with temporal changes in development or imperviousness.
This study provides a thorough assessment of watershed characteristics, hydrology, and water-quality conditions and trends for the 15 study watersheds and can be used to identify possible factors that affect runoff and water quality and determine changes in water-quality conditions. Watershed managers can use these data and analyses to inform management decisions regarding the designated uses of streams, minimization of flooding, protection of aquatic habitats, and optimization of the effectiveness of best management practices.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235035","issn":"2328-0328; 2328-031X","isbn":"978-1-4113-4517-1","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Gwinnett County Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Aulenbach, B.T., Henley, J.C., and Hopkins, K.G., 2023, Hydrology, water-quality, and watershed characteristics in 15 watersheds in Gwinnett County, Georgia, water years 2002–20: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5035, 106 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235035.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 106 p; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"122","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-140093","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416037,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS water data for the Nation—U.S. Geological Survey National Water 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South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1770 Corporate Drive, Suite 500
Norcross, GA 30093
https://www.usgs.gov/centers/lsawsc
Researchers routinely study streamflow data to understand the effects of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change, and to develop methods for estimating streamflow at ungaged locations. These studies require streamflow data that are not modified or largely altered by other anthropogenic activities, such as reservoirs or diversions. This report discusses a method for identifying basins with reservoir regulation using a decadal impact metric that characterizes the degree of regulation of a given river reach. The method is applied to U.S. Geological Survey streamgage basins from eight States in the Central United States. Using this metric, 140 streamgages with known regulation effects (annual peak streamflow values qualified with a code 6) were evaluated for their impact metric values in decades with annual peak streamflow values qualified with code 6. Based on the distribution of median impact metric values at these regulated basins, a threshold value of 0.1 was identified as the value that when exceeded was the most characteristic of the regulated streamgage basins in the study area. Streamgage basins from nine States with peak streamflow values that were not qualified with code 6 were evaluated for impact metric values equal to or greater than the established threshold. About 13 percent of streamgages (136 of 1,017) had an impact metric equal to or greater than the identified regulated threshold at some point in their periods of record. The method discussed in this report, which has limitations owing to characteristics of the data underlying the dam impact metric, provides a regionally consistent approach to identifying regulated U.S. Geological Survey streamgage basins.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
The groundwater and surface-water supply of the Central Platte Natural Resources District supports a large agricultural economy from the High Plains aquifer and Platte River, respectively. This study provided the Central Platte Natural Resources District with an advanced numerical modeling tool to assist with the update of their Groundwater Management Plan.
An integrated hydrologic model, called the Central Platte Integrated Hydrologic Model, was constructed using the MODFLOW-One-Water Hydrologic Model code with the Newton solver. This code integrates climate, landscape, surface water, and groundwater-flow processes in a fully coupled approach. Model framework included 163 rows; 327 columns; 2,640 feet cell sides; and 3 vertical layers. A predevelopment model simulated steady-state hydrologic conditions prior to April 30, 1895, and a development period model discretized into 610 stress periods simulated transient hydrologic conditions from May 1, 1895, to December 31, 2016, using 170 biannual stress periods from 1895 to 1980, and monthly stress periods from May 1, 1980, to December 31, 2016.
Calibration of the Central Platte Integrated Hydrologic Model involved two phases: a manual adjustment of parameters, followed by the automated calibration completed using BeoPEST that was facilitated by the employment of the singular value decomposition-assist features of PEST that specified 50 super parameters assembled from the 435 adjustable parameters and Tikhonov regularization. The average absolute groundwater-level residuals for model layers one, two, and three were 6.1, 12.4, and 7.4 feet, respectively. Calibrated horizontal hydraulic conductivity was about 70, 32, and 35 feet per day for layers 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The largest development period inflow to groundwater was recharge from deep percolation past the root zone, averaging 1,122,257 acre-feet per year (2.7 inches per year), and the largest outflow was to irrigation wells, averaging 693,171 acre-feet per year (10.2 inches per year for the Central Platte Natural Resources District). Other substantial groundwater outflows included evapotranspiration and base flow. For the total development period, there was a net change in storage of −122,393 acre-feet per year (−0.3 inch per year).
The calibrated Central Platte Integrated Hydrologic Model was used to simulate eight different potential future climate and irrigation pumping conditions from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2049. Simulated future groundwater levels within the Central Platte Natural Resources District varied significantly between scenarios and locally, from 13.8 feet below to 7.6 feet above baseline 1982 groundwater levels. Most areas exhibited groundwater-level declines for the drought scenarios and rises for the alternate irrigation scenarios. Changes in scenario groundwater levels correlated with the relations between farm net recharge and irrigation pumping. Linear “first order second moment” techniques indicated that the uncertainty in projected groundwater altitudes was reduced by 15.33 feet through model calibration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235024","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Central Platte Natural Resources District and the Nebraska Natural Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Traylor, J.P., Guira, M., and Peterson, S.M., 2023, An integrated hydrologic model to support the Central Platte Natural Resources District Groundwater Management Plan, central Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5024, 143 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235024.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 143 p.; 2 Tables; Data Release; Dataset; 3 Figures: 11.00 x 8.50 inches","numberOfPages":"160","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-123254","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416070,"rank":12,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235024/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":500878,"rank":13,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114681.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":416058,"rank":8,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/sir20235024_tables1.1_to_4.24.zip","text":"Appendix tables","size":"36 kB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"}},{"id":416057,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9G3Q5XK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-One-Water model used to support the Central Platte Natural Resources District Groundwater Management Plan, central Nebraska"},{"id":416056,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"—USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":416068,"rank":11,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/sir20235024_fig11.pdf","text":"Figure 11 (layered)","size":"1.60 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":416055,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/downloads","text":"Appendix tables","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":416054,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/images"},{"id":416067,"rank":10,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/sir20235024_fig07b.pdf","text":"Figure 7B (layered)","size":"3.37 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":416053,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/sir20235024.XML","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"}},{"id":416052,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/sir20235024.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023–5024"},{"id":416066,"rank":9,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/sir20235024_fig04b.pdf","text":"Figure 4B (layered)","size":"847 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":416051,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5024/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.333,\n 41.51085969164163\n ],\n [\n -100.35,\n 41.51085969164163\n ],\n [\n -100.35,\n 40.11583169634787\n ],\n [\n -97.333,\n 40.11583169634787\n ],\n [\n -97.333,\n 41.51085969164163\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nebraska Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5231 South 19th Street
Lincoln, NE 68512
Field relations as well as geochemical and petrologic studies of metaigneous rocks assigned to the Pennsylvanian–Permian Petersburg batholith identify at least two distinct rock types: foliated metagranitoid gneiss and massive to porphyritic granite. Foliated metagranitoid gneiss of mostly granodioritic composition is geochemically distinct from associated massive and porphyritic granitic rocks. These gneissic rocks yield radiometric ages from ca. 425 Ma to ca. 403 Ma and document that many of the rocks assigned to the late Paleozoic Petersburg batholith are 100 m.y. older than the youngest portions of the composite batholith and are part of an earlier infrastructural terrane. Two samples of massive equigranular granite southwest of Petersburg, Virginia, yield ages of ca. 321 Ma and ca. 317 Ma, which are 15–20 m.y. older than ca. 300 Ma ages for porphyritic granite, massive granite, and monzodiorite near Richmond, Virginia. Geologic mapping shows that the Early Pennsylvanian granite southwest of Petersburg is separated from Late Pennsylvanian to early Permian granite near Richmond by a map-scale septum of Silurian–Devonian foliated metagranitoid gneiss, referred to herein as the informal Pocoshock Creek gneiss. Laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry data from one sample of a quartz-muscovite felsic schist xenolith show a peak age mode of ca. 529 Ma that we interpret to be the maximum depositional age. Inherited zircons from foliated metagranitoid gneiss and massive equigranular granite range from ca. 631 Ma to ca. 376 Ma, but many are Cambrian. Neoproterozoic–Cambrian quartz-muscovite felsic schist and amphibolite, Silurian–Devonian Pocoshock Creek gneiss, and Pennsylvanian–Permian granite comprise a fault-bounded terrane referred to herein as the Dinwiddie terrane. Ages of inherited cores in zircon from igneous rocks and limited detrital zircon geochronology suggest the terrane is of peri-Gondwanan affinity. U/Pb ages of healed fractures in zircon grains from foliated metagranitoid gneiss indicate low-grade deformation of the gneiss at ca. 378–376 Ma, while ca. 320–280 Ma rims on many grains record intrusion of late Paleozoic granite. The temperature-time-deformation history of the Dinwiddie terrane is distinct from the adjacent Goochland and Roanoke Rapids terranes. Orogen-scale dextral transpression likely translated the Dinwiddie terrane southward during the Alleghanian orogeny, at which time they were intruded by Pennsylvanian to Permian granite.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02546.1","usgsCitation":"Carter, M.W., McAleer, R.J., Holm-Denoma, C., Occhi, M.E., Owens, B.E., and Vazquez, J.A., 2023, Redefinition of the Petersburg batholith and implications for crustal inheritance in the Dinwiddie terrane, Virginia, USA: Geosphere, v. 19, no. 3, p. 900-932, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02546.1.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"900","endPage":"932","ipdsId":"IP-133680","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443798,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02546.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P92IZPID","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Whole Rock Geochemistry and Uranium Lead Isotopic Data from the Dinwiddie Terrane, Virginia, USA"},{"id":420240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Dinwiddie terrane","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.49748525226563,\n 37.798681296457076\n ],\n [\n -78.21468653839521,\n 37.79869080070846\n ],\n [\n -78.24158158662492,\n 36.599064764101655\n ],\n [\n -77.49748525226563,\n 36.599064764101655\n ],\n [\n -77.49748525226563,\n 37.798681296457076\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Mark W. 0000-0003-0460-7638 mcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0460-7638","contributorId":4808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Mark","email":"mcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAleer, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3801-7441 rmcaleer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-7441","contributorId":215498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"Ryan","email":"rmcaleer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holm-Denoma, Christopher S. 0000-0003-3229-5440","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3229-5440","contributorId":219763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm-Denoma","given":"Christopher S.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Occhi, Marcie E.","contributorId":328758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Occhi","given":"Marcie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":78483,"text":"Virginia Energy - Geology and Mineral Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Owens, Brent E.","contributorId":178190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Owens","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":881216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70242949,"text":"70242949 - 2023 - Revealing the extent of sea otter impacts on bivalve prey through multi-trophic monitoring and mechanistic models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-09T15:19:19.221059","indexId":"70242949","displayToPublicDate":"2023-04-20T06:46:56","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revealing the extent of sea otter impacts on bivalve prey through multi-trophic monitoring and mechanistic models","docAbstract":"Understanding the temporal and spatial scales at which wildlife move is vital for conservation and management. This is especially important for semi-aquatic species that make frequent inter-wetland movements to fulfil life-history requirements.
We aimed to investigate the drivers of movement and space-use of the imperilled spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata), a seasonal wetland specialist, in three large, isolated wetland complexes in Virginia, USA.
We used VHF radio-transmitters to radio-locate adult and juvenile turtles, and estimated movement and space-use during their active and aestivation seasons (March–August). We then used generalised linear mixed models to examine how movement and space-use varied, based on intrinsic turtle characteristics and extrinsic wetland and climatic factors.
We show that, on average, individual spotted turtles used five wetlands per year (range 3–13), and that their inter-wetland movement and movement distance varied seasonally in accordance with wetland availability and breeding phenology. Spotted turtle movement and space-use was influenced by the arrangement and size of the wetland complexes, with turtles moving further and occupying larger home-ranges as size and distance between wetlands increased. Inter-wetland movement was not influenced by intrinsic turtle effects but larger adult turtles moved further, used more wetlands, and had larger home-ranges than smaller turtles.
Turtle responses to variation in season and wetland configuration highlight the need for complex and dynamic landscapes required to sustain this species.
This study has important conservation implications showing that spotted turtles rely on a large number of diverse wetlands, as well as upland habitat, to fulfil their resource needs – and that these habitat associations vary seasonally. Results from our study can aid the understanding of spatial and temporal variation in patch characteristics (e.g. quality and extent) and inter-patch movement by organisms, which is critical for the conservation and management of semi-aquatic species and other organisms that occupy patchy habitat complexes.
Natural resource monitoring programs benefit from routine evaluation. Here, Florida’s statewide Freshwater Fisheries Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) program is used to show how stakeholder surveys can be integral to this process. In 2022, an online questionnaire was sent to internal stakeholders, i.e., state agency personnel who collect, enter, or use freshwater fisheries data for fisheries and habitat management purposes. The survey’s primary objective was to evaluate the program at its 15-year mark; secondary objectives were to compare results with a similar survey conducted at the 4-year mark, compare results among respondents based on experience and functional role, and develop recommendations for strategic initiatives to further improve the program. The survey consisted of 43 questions across six sections of program evaluation: demographics; field sampling; data entry, summary, and reporting; management decision support; programmatic views; and additional input. Respondents generally had positive views of the LTM program, but the survey revealed differences among respondents with different functional roles (e.g., fisheries researchers and managers viewed the decisional value, priority, and sample sizes of LTM data more favorably than habitat managers) while highlighting high-priority future initiatives (e.g., database development). Our results demonstrate the utility of stakeholder surveys as an important step in evaluating monitoring programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/fishes8040216","usgsCitation":"Bonvechio, K.I., Paudyal, R., Crandall, C., and Carlson, A.K., 2023, Survey evaluation of Florida’s freshwater fisheries long-term monitoring program: Fishes, v. 8, no. 4, 216, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040216.","productDescription":"216, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145593","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443805,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040216","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Haliaeetus leucocephalus (bald eagles) and Aquila chrysaetos (golden eagles) to evaluate dietary exposure to lead, mercury, and anticoagulant rodenticides (AR), all of which were identified by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as a priority issue of concern for Mountain Prairie Region 6. Data were needed to inform U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service regional programs aimed at reducing exposure to these substances. Carcasses of bald eagles (n=172) and golden eagles (n=142) collected from North and South Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Nebraska, and Kansas between 2014 and 2017 were assessed for cause of death and liver lead, mercury, and AR level concentrations. Trauma, electrocution, and lead poisoning were the three leading causes of death, affecting 51 percent, 21 percent, and 20 percent of eagles, respectively. Trauma was the leading cause of death for both species, whereas lead poisoning was the second leading cause of death for bald eagles (31 percent) and was only diagnosed as the cause of death in 7 percent of golden eagles. Elevated lead concentrations within the range of subclinical or clinical poisoning (greater than [>] 2 milligrams per kilogram [mg/kg] wet weight) were present in 25 percent of eagles tested, including 36 percent of bald eagles and 11 percent of golden eagles. No association was detected among lead exposure and trauma, electrocution, or infectious disease. Mercury concentrations were considered high (>80 mg/kg dry weight) for only 2 percent of bald eagles and no golden eagles. Brodifacoum was the most common AR detected, present in 56 percent of eagles, including 70 percent of bald eagles and 39 percent of golden eagles; however, death was not directly attributed to AR toxicosis in any case. Results of this study provide baseline data on common causes of mortality and threats to eagles in Region 6 from lead, mercury, and rodenticide exposure and can be used to inform management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231016","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service South Dakota Field Office","usgsCitation":"Bodenstein, B.L., Lankton, J.S., Russell, R.E., and Schwarz, M.S., 2023, Haliaeetus leucocephalus (bald eagle) and Aquila chrysaetos (golden eagle) mortality and exposure to lead, mercury, and anticoagulant rodenticides in eight western and midwestern States, 2014–17: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1016, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231016.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 23 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-125449","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416004,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, National Wildlife Health Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6006 Schroeder Road
Madison, WI 53711
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) is a significant viral disease affecting salmonids, whereas Flavobacterium psychrophilum (Fp), the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD), remains one of the most significant bacterial pathogens of salmonids. We explored maternal immunity in the context of IHN and BCWD management in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture. Two experimental trials were conducted where different groups of female broodstock were immunized prior to spawning with an IHNV DNA vaccine or a live attenuated F. psychrophilum (Fp B.17-ILM) vaccine alone, or in combination. Progeny were challenged with either a low or high dose of IHNV at 13 days post hatch (dph) and 32 dph or challenged with F. psychrophilum at 13 dph. Mortality following a low-dose IHNV challenge at 13 dph was significantly lower in progeny from vaccinated broodstock vs. unvaccinated broodstock, but no significant differences were observed at 32 dph. Mortality due to BCWD was also significantly reduced in 13 dph fry that originated from broodstock immunized with the Fp B.17-ILM vaccine. After vaccination broodstock developed specific or neutralizing antibodies respectively to F. psychrophilum and IHNV; however, antibody titers in eggs and fry were undetectable. In the eggs and fry mRNA transcripts of the complement components C3 and C5 were detected at much higher levels in progeny from vaccinated broodstock and showed a significantly increased and rapid response post-challenge compared with unvaccinated broodstock. After challenges pro-inflammatory cytokine expression was immediately and considerably elevated in the fry from vaccinated broodstock vs. unvaccinated broodstock, whereas adaptive immune genes were elevated to a lesser degree. Results suggest that maternal transfer of innate and adaptive factors at the transcript level occurred because development of lymphomyeloid organs is not complete in such young fry. In addition to documenting maternally derived immunity in teleosts, this study demonstrates that broodstock vaccination can confer some degree of protection to progeny against viral and bacterial pathogens.
No abstract available.
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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"West Virginia Academy of Science","usgsCitation":"Kessler, K.G., Rogers, K.M., Marshak, C., and Hitt, N.P., 2023, Karst terrain promotes thermal resiliency in headwater streams, in Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science, v. 95, no. 3, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-144871","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":417549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pwvas.org/index.php/pwvas/article/view/947"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.43083122514363,\n 39.72194367002291\n ],\n [\n -78.43083122514363,\n 39.468004910183225\n ],\n [\n -77.88158514397257,\n 39.468004910183225\n ],\n [\n -77.88158514397257,\n 39.72194367002291\n ],\n [\n -78.43083122514363,\n 39.72194367002291\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kessler, Karmann G. 0000-0001-5681-4909","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5681-4909","contributorId":242765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kessler","given":"Karmann","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":874121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, Karli M. 0000-0002-6188-7405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6188-7405","contributorId":237955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Karli","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":874123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshak, Charles","contributorId":292162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshak","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hitt, Nathaniel P. 0000-0002-1046-4568","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-4568","contributorId":238185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":874122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70242936,"text":"70242936 - 2023 - A scuticociliate causes mass mortality of Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-24T11:27:05.24548","indexId":"70242936","displayToPublicDate":"2023-04-19T06:22:40","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5010,"text":"Science Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A scuticociliate causes mass mortality of Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean Sea","docAbstract":"Species distribution models have become increasingly important tools for species conservation. This modeling approach can help guide conservation practitioners and inform decisions. Distribution models are particularly relevant for rare species, whose habitat associations are often not well understood. Using species occurrence data, and a variety of predictor variables, we developed three individual distribution models and a weighted ensemble model for the Puerto Rican harlequin butterfly (Atlantea tulita). The ensemble model had the greatest accuracy (AUC = 0.92). Further, the ensemble model indicated 7.1% of the main island of Puerto Rico encompassed suitable habitat for the harlequin butterfly. However, only 0.5% was classified as including the greatest suitability. Using an ensemble modeling approach to delineate areas of the island with suitable environmental conditions may improve habitat conservation efforts for the species.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez","doi":"10.18475/cjos.v53i1.a3","usgsCitation":"Ramirez-Reyes, C., Vilella, F., Evans, K.O., Street, G., Pacheco, C., Monzon, O., and Morales Perez, A.L., 2023, Geographic distribution of the Puerto Rican Harlequin Butterfly (Atlantea tulita): An ensemble modeling approach: Caribbean Journal of Science, v. 53, no. 1, p. 37-44, https://doi.org/10.18475/cjos.v53i1.a3.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-149541","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":432211,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Puerto 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Omar","contributorId":340731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monzon","given":"Omar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81651,"text":"Para la Naturaleza","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Morales Perez, Alcides L.","contributorId":340733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morales Perez","given":"Alcides","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":81651,"text":"Para la Naturaleza","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70242796,"text":"sir20235037 - 2023 - Documentation of linear regression models for computing water-quality constituent concentrations using continuous real-time water-quality data for the North Fork Ninnescah River and Cheney Reservoir, Kansas, 2014–21","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-06T21:20:18.065954","indexId":"sir20235037","displayToPublicDate":"2023-04-18T10:53:24","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2023-5037","displayTitle":"Documentation of Linear Regression Models for Computing Water-Quality Constituent Concentrations using Continuous Real-Time Water-Quality Data for the North Fork Ninnescah River and Cheney Reservoir, Kansas, 2014–21","title":"Documentation of linear regression models for computing water-quality constituent concentrations using continuous real-time water-quality data for the North Fork Ninnescah River and Cheney Reservoir, Kansas, 2014–21","docAbstract":"Cheney Reservoir, in south-central Kansas, was constructed to provide a reliable municipal water supply for the city of Wichita, Kansas, and to provide downstream flood control, wildlife habitat, and recreation. Cheney Reservoir will continue to be important for municipal water supply use as needs increase with ongoing population growth and urban development. Advanced notification of changing water-quality conditions near water-treatment facility intakes and in source waters allows water-treatment facilities and resource planning officials to proactively monitor changing conditions. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the City of Wichita, collected water-quality data at the North Fork Ninnescah River above Cheney Reservoir (USGS station 07144780) and Cheney Reservoir near Cheney, Kans. (USGS station 07144790), monitoring sites to update and develop regression models relating continuous water-quality constituents, streamflow, reservoir storage, and seasonal components to discretely sampled water-quality constituent concentrations of interest. Linear regression analysis was used to update and develop models for alkalinity, major ions, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus species), total and dissolved organic carbon, total suspended solids, suspended sediment, fecal indicator bacteria, and atrazine at the North Fork Ninnescah River site and total dissolved solids, major ions, hardness as calcium carbonate, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus species), chlorophyll a, and suspended sediment at the Cheney Reservoir site. New and updated models for both sites are applicable to the period of YSI EXO water-quality monitor and sensor deployment (November 14, 2015, through September 30, 2021, at the North Fork Ninnescah River site; October 1, 2014, through September 30, 2021, at the Cheney Reservoir site). Models and resulting water-quality information included in this report can be used in real time, potentially as guidance for water-treatment processes, and can be used to characterize changes in water-quality conditions over time in Cheney Reservoir and its contributing drainage basin provided that the deployed equipment, sensors, and location do not change.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235037","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas","usgsCitation":"Kramer, A.R., and Puls, K.A., 2023, Documentation of linear regression models for computing water-quality constituent concentrations using continuous real-time water-quality data for the North Fork Ninnescah River and Cheney Reservoir, Kansas, 2014–21: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5037, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235037.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 20 p.; 18 Appendixes; Dataset","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-145994","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500907,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114680.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":415924,"rank":7,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235037/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":415917,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5037/downloads","text":"Appendixes 1–18"},{"id":415916,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5037/images"},{"id":415918,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"—USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":415915,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5037/sir20235037.XML","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"}},{"id":415914,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5037/sir20235037.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.91 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023–5037"},{"id":415913,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5037/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Cheney Reservoir, North Fork Ninnescah River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.75,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -97.75,\n 38.1\n ],\n [\n -99.1,\n 38.1\n ],\n [\n -99.1,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -97.75,\n 37.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049
Catostomidae (catostomids) are suckers of the order Cypriniformes, and the majority of species are native to North America; however, species in this group are understudied and rarely managed. The popularity in bowfishing and gigging for suckers in the United States has increased concerns related to overfishing. Little information exists about the relative gear effectiveness for sampling catostomids. We sought to evaluate the relative effectiveness of boat electrofishing for sampling Black Redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei, Golden Redhorse M. erythrurum, Northern Hogsucker Hypentelium nigricans, White Sucker Catostomus commersonii, and Spotted Sucker Minytrema melanops populations in Lake Eucha, Oklahoma. We used an information theoretic approach to determine the abiotic variables related to sucker catch per effort (C/f). Our analysis indicated that sucker C/f was highest during the night and decreased with increasing water temperature. Sucker size structure was significantly different between daytime and nighttime samples; however, effect size estimates for size structure comparisons indicated that size distributions exhibited moderate overlap. Distributional comparisons indicated that daytime and nighttime samples were similar for fish greater than 180 mm in total length. Effect size estimates also indicated little association between the proportion of each species captured and time of day or water temperature. Night electrofishing in reservoirs at water temperatures from 16 to 25°C yielded the most precise C/f estimates, with the highest numbers of suckers collected at water temperatures from 6 to 15°C. Further study of the relationship between abiotic variables and catostomid catchability using various gears will be beneficial to agencies interested in these populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","doi":"10.3996/JFWM-22-052","usgsCitation":"Zentner, D.L., Brewer, S.K., and Shoup, D.E., 2023, Environment affects sucker catch rate, size structure, species composition, and precision in boat electrofishing samples: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 14, no. 1, p. 135-152, https://doi.org/10.3996/JFWM-22-052.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"152","ipdsId":"IP-140012","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443813,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-22-052","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433060,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Lake Eucha","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.93975036194603,\n 36.38140481612922\n ],\n [\n -94.93850942940529,\n 36.36874724463541\n ],\n [\n -94.92320459473427,\n 36.34776259578841\n ],\n [\n -94.84802476496563,\n 36.32752008971409\n ],\n [\n -94.80180002781772,\n 36.34526380928274\n ],\n [\n -94.79642265347414,\n 36.35775675172556\n ],\n [\n -94.84750770974023,\n 36.361753979640646\n ],\n [\n -94.88763119522902,\n 36.37441109676014\n ],\n [\n -94.93975036194603,\n 36.38140481612922\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zentner, Douglas L.","contributorId":341038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zentner","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shoup, D. E.","contributorId":341039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shoup","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70252518,"text":"70252518 - 2023 - Understanding and mitigating thiaminase activity in silver carp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-27T12:01:32.372688","indexId":"70252518","displayToPublicDate":"2023-04-18T06:59:05","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17334,"text":"Food Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding and mitigating thiaminase activity in silver carp","docAbstract":"A deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1), an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in metabolic processes, can be caused by the enzyme thiaminase. Thiaminase in food stocks has been linked to morbidity and mortality due to thiamine depletion in many ecologically and economically important species. Thiaminase activity has been detected in certain bacteria, plants, and fish species, including carp. The invasive silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) presents an enormous burden to ecosystems throughout the Mississippi River watershed. Its large biomass and nutritional content offer an attractive possibility as a food source for humans, wild animals, or pets. Additionally, harvesting this fish could alleviate some of the effects of this species on waterways. However, the presence of thiaminase would detract from its value for dietary consumption. Here we confirm the presence of thiaminase in several tissues from silver carp, most notably the viscera, and systematically examine the effects of microwaving, baking, dehydrating, and freeze-drying on thiaminase activity. Certain temperatures and durations of baking and microwaving reduced thiaminase activity to undetectable levels. However, caution should be taken when carp tissue is concentrated by processes without sufficient heat treatment, such as freeze-drying or dehydration, which results in concentration, but not inactivation of the enzyme. The effects of such treatments on the ease of extracting proteins, including thiaminase, and the impact on data interpretation using the 4-nitrothiophenol (4-NTP) thiaminase assay were considered.
The invasive benthic foraminifera Trochammina hadai has been found for the first time in Europe along the coast of Normandy. Its native range of distribution is in Asia (Japan and Korea), and it has also been introduced along the coasts of western North America, Brazil and Australia. Morphological and molecular assessments confirm that specimens found in Le Havre and Caen-Ouistreham harbors belong to the Asiatic type. Like in Asia, T. hadai was found in transitional waters with muddy sediments. It exhibited high relative abundances (up to about 40%) confirming that T. hadai is a highly competitive species. In the present study, it was nearly absent from natural transitional waters and very abundant in heavily modified habitats like harbors, suggesting that ballast waters may likely be the vector of introduction. It was not recorded farther north along the coast of the Hauts-de-France. It is further hypothesized that the finding of a few specimens outside the harbor may facilitate the expansion of T. hadai in the English Channel by means of propagules dispersion.