The pink-footed shearwater Ardenna creatopus has a breeding range restricted to 3 central-Chilean islands and travels north in the eastern Pacific Ocean during the non-breeding period. Despite its Vulnerable IUCN status, the locations and relative importance of core non-breeding areas and migratory pathways of the species are not well understood. During 5 years between 2006 and 2015, we tracked the movements of 42 after-hatch-year pink-footed shearwaters in the non-breeding season using satellite tags. Tracked shearwaters exhibited 2 post-breeding-season migration strategies: 28% of individuals traveled 1600-2500 km north from their colonies to spend the entire non-breeding season off Peru, and 72% traveled 8000-11000 km north to waters off western North America (Baja California, Mexico, to southernmost Canada). Individuals that traveled to North America stopped in Peruvian waters on each leg of the migration, making this a migratory bottleneck. Core non-breeding-season areas included continental shelf and slope waters off Trujillo to Lima (Peru), central Baja California (Mexico), southern to central California (USA), and central Oregon (USA) to southern Vancouver Island (Canada). Of 12 national exclusive economic zones (EEZs) encountered north of their breeding range, birds primarily utilized the USA, Peru and Mexico, and to a lesser degree Chile, Canada, and Ecuador. Bycatch in fisheries was recently identified as a significant at-sea threat to pink-footed shearwaters, and we found evidence of pink-footed shearwater bycatch in 6 EEZs encountered by tracked birds, although quantification of bycatch magnitude is variable and not all fisheries have been studied.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/esr00969","usgsCitation":"Felis, J.J., Adams, J., Hodum, P., Carle, R., and Colodro, V., 2019, Eastern Pacific migration strategies of pink-footed shearwaters Ardenna creatopus: Implications for fisheries interactions and international conservation: Endangered Species Research, v. 39, p. 269-282, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00969.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"282","ipdsId":"IP-104256","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00969","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":366854,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Felis, Jonathan J. 0000-0002-0608-8950 jfelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0608-8950","contributorId":4825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felis","given":"Jonathan","email":"jfelis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":769143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Josh","contributorId":218388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Josh","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":769142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodum, Peter 0000-0003-2160-5132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-5132","contributorId":169797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodum","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25597,"text":"Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carle, Ryan D.","contributorId":213443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carle","given":"Ryan D.","affiliations":[{"id":25597,"text":"Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colodro, Valentina 0000-0001-9285-3171","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-3171","contributorId":169798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colodro","given":"Valentina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25597,"text":"Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70205609,"text":"70205609 - 2019 - Streamflow reconstruction in the Upper Missouri River Basin using a novel Bayesian network model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T13:41:56","indexId":"70205609","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-08T09:53:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Streamflow reconstruction in the Upper Missouri River Basin using a novel Bayesian network model","docAbstract":"A Bayesian model that uses the spatial dependence induced by the river network topology, and the leading principal components of regional tree-ring chronologies for paleo-streamflow reconstruction is presented. In any river basin, a convergent, dendritic network of tributaries comes together to form the main stem of a river. Consequently, it is natural to think of a spatial Markov process that recognizes this topological structure to develop a spatially consistent basin-scale streamflow reconstruction model that uses the information in streamflow and tree-ring chronology data to inform the reconstructed flows, while maintaining the space-time correlation structure of flows that is critical for water resource assessments and management. Given historical data from multiple streamflow gauges along a river, their tributaries in a watershed, and regional tree-ring chronologies, the model is fit and used to simultaneously reconstruct the full network of paleo-streamflow at all gauges in the basin progressing upstream to downstream along the river. The spatial network structure allows a substantial reduction in the uncertainty associated with paleo-streamflow as one proceeds downstream in the network and the spatial dependence structure increases the information content. Our application to eighteen streamflow gauges in the Upper Missouri River Basin shows that the mean adjusted-R2 for the basin is approximately 0.5 with good overall cross-validated skill as measured by five different skill metrics. A comparison with the traditional principal components regression shows that the spatial Bayesian model offers improvements, as downstream gauges are informed by the reconstruction of the upstream gauges, as well as the tree-ring chronologies.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019WR024901","usgsCitation":"Ravindranath, A., Devineni, N., Lall, U., Cook, E., Pederson, G.T., Martin, J.T., and Woodhouse, C.A., 2019, Streamflow reconstruction in the Upper Missouri River Basin using a novel Bayesian network model: Water Resources Research, v. 55, no. 9, p. 7694-7716, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR024901.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"7694","endPage":"7716","ipdsId":"IP-104913","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019wr024901","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.0,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -104.5,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -104.5,\n 42.0\n ],\n [\n -115.0,\n 42.0\n ],\n [\n -115.0,\n 48.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ravindranath, Arun","contributorId":219272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ravindranath","given":"Arun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39562,"text":"City University of New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Devineni, Naresh","contributorId":219273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devineni","given":"Naresh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39562,"text":"City University of New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lall, Upmanu 0000-0003-0529-8128","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0529-8128","contributorId":212142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lall","given":"Upmanu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7171,"text":"Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cook, Edward","contributorId":197078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martin, Justin T. 0000-0002-3523-6596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-6596","contributorId":215418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Justin","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Woodhouse, Connie A.","contributorId":187601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodhouse","given":"Connie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":32413,"text":"University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70204637,"text":"70204637 - 2019 - Bloom forming cyanobacteria can adversely affect zebra and quagga mussel veligers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-12T09:28:24","indexId":"70204637","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-08T08:55:09","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bloom forming cyanobacteria can adversely affect zebra and quagga mussel veligers","docAbstract":"Quagga (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) and zebra (D. polymorpha) mussels are broadcast spawners that produce planktonic, free swimming veligers, a life history strategy dissimilar to native North American freshwater bivalves. Dreissenid veligers require highly nutritious food to grow and survive, and thus may be susceptible to increased mortality rates during harsh environmental conditions like cyanobacteria blooms. However, the impact of cyanobacteria and one of the toxins they can produce (microcystin) has not been evaluated in dreissenid veligers. Therefore, we exposed dreissenid veligers to eleven distinct cultures (isolates) of cyanobacteria representing Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Dolichospermum, Microcystis, and Planktothrixspecies and the cyanotoxin microcystin to determine the lethality of cyanobacteria on dreissenid veligers. Six-day laboratory bioassays were performed in microplates using dreissenid veligers collected from the Detroit River, Michigan, USA. Veligers were exposed to increasing concentrations of cyanobacteria and microcystin using the green algae Chlorella minutissima as a control. Based on dose response curves formulated from a Probit model, the LC50 values for cyanobacteria used in this study range between 15.06 and 135.06 μg/L chlorophyll-a, with the LC50 for microcystin-LR at 13.03 μg/L. Because LC50 values were within ranges observed in natural waterbodies, it is possible that dreissenid recruitment may be suppressed when veliger abundances overlap with seasonal cyanobacteria blooms. Thus, the toxicity of cyanobacteria to dreissenid veligers may be useful to include in models forecasting dreissenid mussel abundance and spread.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109426","usgsCitation":"Boegehold, A.G., Johnson, N., and Kashian, D.R., 2019, Bloom forming cyanobacteria can adversely affect zebra and quagga mussel veligers: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 182, Article 109426, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109426.","productDescription":"Article 109426","ipdsId":"IP-109520","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467384,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109426","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":366365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"182","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boegehold, Anna G.","contributorId":205600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boegehold","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":150983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas S.","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kashian, Donna R.","contributorId":205602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kashian","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204645,"text":"70204645 - 2019 - Promoting change in common tern (Sterna hirundo) nest site selection to minimize construction related disturbance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-09T10:08:17","indexId":"70204645","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-08T08:09:15","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1462,"text":"Ecological Restoration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Promoting change in common tern (Sterna hirundo) nest site selection to minimize construction related disturbance","title":"Promoting change in common tern (Sterna hirundo) nest site selection to minimize construction related disturbance","docAbstract":"With dramatic declines in waterbird populations around the globe, wildlife managers have taken great care to minimize disturbance to breeding waterbird colonies. However, sometimes disturbance cannot be avoided and other actions must be considered. During the 2017 breeding season, a colony of Sterna hirundo (Common terns) were deterred from a historic nesting site due to concerns that nearby restoration related construction activities would result in continued disturbances and eventual nest abandonment. Deterrence involved placing overhead lines with flagging 1.5m above the ground surface throughout the historic nesting site early in the nesting season. Concurrently, breeding pairs of S. hirundo from the historic nesting site were encouraged to relocate to a nearby location where construction disturbance was considered minimal via a mix of social attractants (digital calls and decoys). This paired approach of deterrence and attraction was considered successful at relocating the colony, with 240 active S. hirundo nests at the relocation site. While nine nests were established in the historic colony when only diagonal and perpendicular overhead lines were present, no additional nests constructed after overhead parallel lines were added. Eggs (n=13) from these early nests were transferred into similar aged nests in the relocation colony and allowed to incubate naturally with an existing clutch. Eleven of the 13 relocated eggs successfully hatched. The success of this project shows that it is possible, with careful planning and coordination, for construction activities at habitat restoration sites to continue uninterrupted and still allow for successful nesting.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","doi":"10.3368/er.37.3.143","usgsCitation":"McGowan, P.C., Sullivan, J.D., Callahan, C., Schultz, W., Wall, J.L., and Prosser, D., 2019, Promoting change in common tern (Sterna hirundo) nest site selection to minimize construction related disturbance: Ecological Restoration, v. 37, no. 3, p. 143-147, https://doi.org/10.3368/er.37.3.143.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"147","ipdsId":"IP-094874","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZKCA0R","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Promoting Change in Common Tern (Sterna hirundo) Nest Site Selection to Minimize Construction Related Disturbance"},{"id":366359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Peter C.","contributorId":13867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGowan","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sullivan, Jeffery D.","contributorId":202910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Callahan, Carl C.","contributorId":217953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Callahan","given":"Carl C.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schultz, William","contributorId":217954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wall, Jennifer L.","contributorId":205845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wall","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Prosser, Diann 0000-0002-5251-1799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":217952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70204862,"text":"70204862 - 2019 - Occurrence and sources of radium in groundwater associated with oil fields in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T14:45:32","indexId":"70204862","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-07T14:34:08","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and sources of radium in groundwater associated with oil fields in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"Geochemical data from 40 water wells were used to examine the occurrence and sources of radium (Ra) in groundwater associated with three oil fields in California (Fruitvale, Lost Hills, South Belridge). 226Ra+228Ra activities (range=0.010-0.51 Bq/L) exceeded the 0.185 Bq/L drinking-water standard in 18% of the wells (not drinking-water wells). Radium activities were correlated with TDS concentrations (p<0.001, ρ=0.90, range=145-15,900 mg/L), Mn+Fe concentrations (p<0.001, ρ=0.82, range=<0.005-18.5 mg/L), and pH (p<0.001, ρ=-0.67, range=6.2-9.2), indicating Ra in groundwater was influenced by salinity, redox, and pH. Ra-rich groundwater was mixed with up to 45% oil-field water at some locations, primarily infiltrating through unlined disposal ponds, based on Cl, Li, noble-gas, and other data. Yet 228Ra/226Ra ratios in pond-impacted groundwater (median=3.1) differed from those in oil-field water (median=0.51). PHREEQC mixing calculations and spatial geochemical variations suggest the Ra in oil-field water was removed by co-precipitation with secondary barite and adsorption on Mn-Fe precipitates in the near-pond environment. The saline, organic-rich oil-field water subsequently mobilized Ra from downgradient aquifer sediments via Ra-desorption and Mn/Fe-reduction processes. This study demonstrates that infiltration of oil-field water may leach Ra into groundwater by changing salinity and redox conditions in the subsurface rather than by mixing with a high-Ra source.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.9b02395","usgsCitation":"McMahon, P.B., Avner Vengosh, Davis, T., Landon, M.K., Rebecca L. Tyne, Wright, M., Kulongoski, J.T., Hunt, A.G., Barry, P.H., Kondash, A., Wang, Z., and Ballentine, C.J., 2019, Occurrence and sources of radium in groundwater associated with oil fields in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 53, no. 16, p. 9398-9406, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02395.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"9398","endPage":"9406","ipdsId":"IP-106864","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02395","text":"Publisher Index 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OHS was applied to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stream gages across the conterminous United States to examine the range/distribution of base flow inputs and the utility of this method to build a hydrologic model calibration dataset. OHS models with acceptable goodness-of-fit criteria were insensitive to drainage area, stream density, watershed slope, elevation, agricultural or perennial snow/ice land cover, average annual precipitation, runoff, or evapotranspiration, implying that OHS results are a viable calibration dataset applicable in diverse watersheds. OHS-estimated base flow contribution was compared to base flow-like model components from the USGS National Hydrologic Model Infrastructure run with the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (NHM-PRMS). The NHM-PRMS variable gwres_flow is most conceptually like a base flow component of streamflow but the gwres_flow contribution to total streamflow is generally smaller than the OHS-estimated base flow contribution. The NHM-PRMS variable slow_flow, added to gwres_flow, produced similar or greater estimates of base flow contributions to total streamflow than the OHS-estimated base flow contribution but was dependent on the total flow magnitude.
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]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foks, Sydney 0000-0002-7668-9735","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-9735","contributorId":218029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foks","given":"Sydney","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raffensperger, Jeff P. 0000-0001-9275-6646 jpraffen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-6646","contributorId":199119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raffensperger","given":"Jeff","email":"jpraffen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science 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difficult to attribute shifts in fish concentrations directly back to changes in Hg source management. Mercury stable isotope tracers were utilized to relate sources of Hg to co-located fish and bed sediments from 23 streams across a forested to urban-industrial land-use gradient within this region. Mass-dependent isotopes (δ202Hg) in prey and game fish at forested sites were depleted (medians -0.95 and -0.83 ‰, respectively) in comparison to fish from urban-industrial settings (medians -0.26 and -0.38 ‰, respectively); the forested site group also had higher prey fish Hg concentrations. The separation of Hg isotope signatures in fish was strongly related to in-stream and watershed land-use indicator variables. Fish isotopes were strongly correlated with bed sediment isotopes, but the comparison of isotopic composition between fish and sediment was variable due to differing ecosystem-specific drivers controlling the extent of MeHg formation. The multivariable approach of analyzing watershed characteristics and stream chemistry reveals that the Hg isotope composition in fish is linked to current and historic Hg sources in the northeastern U.S. and can be used to trace bioaccumulated Hg.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.9b03394","usgsCitation":"Janssen, S., Riva-Murray, K., DeWild, J.F., Ogorek, J.M., Tate, M., Van Metre, P.C., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Coles, J.F., 2019, Chemical and physical controls on mercury source signatures in stream fish from the northeastern United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 53, no. 17, p. 10110-10119, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b03394.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"10110","endPage":"10119","ipdsId":"IP-108655","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water 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jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ogorek, Jacob M. 0000-0002-6327-0740 jmogorek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6327-0740","contributorId":4960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogorek","given":"Jacob","email":"jmogorek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science 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Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Coles, James F. 0000-0002-1953-012X jcoles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-012X","contributorId":2239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"James","email":"jcoles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70203068,"text":"ofr20191039 - 2019 - Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-07T10:23:41","indexId":"ofr20191039","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-07T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-1039","displayTitle":"Streamflow, Water Quality, and Constituent Loads and Yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2017","title":"Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2017","docAbstract":"As part of a long-term cooperative program to monitor water quality within the Scituate Reservoir drainage area, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Providence Water Supply Board, collected streamflow and water-quality data at the Scituate Reservoir and tributaries. Streamflow and concentrations of chloride and sodium estimated from records of specific conductance were used to calculate loads of chloride and sodium during water year 2017 (October 1, 2016, through September 30, 2017) for tributaries to the Scituate Reservoir, Rhode Island. Streamflow was measured or estimated by the U.S. Geological Survey following standard methods at 23 streamgages; 14 of these streamgages are equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring water level, specific conductance, and water temperature. Water-quality samples were collected by the Providence Water Supply Board at 36 sampling stations, which also include the 14 continuous-record streamgages maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey, during water year 2017 as part of a long-term sampling program; all stations are in the Scituate Reservoir drainage area. Water-quality data collected by the Providence Water Supply Board are summarized by using values of central tendency and are used, in combination with measured (or estimated) streamflows, to calculate loads and yields (loads per unit area) of selected water-quality constituents for water year 2017.
The Ponaganset River, which is the largest tributary to the reservoir and was monitored by the U.S. Geological Survey, contributed a mean streamflow of 29 cubic feet per second to the reservoir during water year 2017. For the same period, annual mean streamflows measured (or estimated) for the other monitoring stations in this study ranged from about 0.44 to about 20 cubic feet per second. Together, tributaries equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance transported about 3,100 metric tons of chloride and 1,900 metric tons of sodium to the Scituate Reservoir during water year 2017; chloride yields for the tributaries ranged from 16 to 140 metric tons per square mile, and sodium yields, from 10 to 80 metric tons per square mile.
At the stations where water-quality samples were collected by the Providence Water Supply Board, the medians of the median concentrations were 25.3 milligrams per liter for chloride, 0.002 milligram per liter as nitrogen for nitrite, 0.10 milligram per liter as nitrogen for nitrate, 0.05 milligram per liter as phosphate for orthophosphate, 1,200 colony forming units per 100 milliliters for total coliform bacteria, and 14 colony forming units per 100 milliliters for Escherichia coli (E. coli). The medians of the median daily loads of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, total coliform, and E. coli bacteria were 230 kilograms per day, 17 grams per day, 860 grams per day, 690 grams per day, 84,000 million colony forming units per day, and 1,200 million colony forming units per day, respectively. The medians of the median yields of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, total coliform, and E. coli bacteria were were 87 kilograms per day per square mile, 6.1 grams per day per square mile, 280 grams per day per square mile, 260 grams per day per square mile, 44,000 million colony forming units per day per square mile, and 655 million colony forming units per day per square mile, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Providence Water Supply Board, Rhode Island","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.P., 2019, Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1039, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191039.","productDescription":"Report: v, 33 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-102155","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365646,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PPAKP6","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water-quality data from the Providence Water Supply Board for tributary streams to the Scituate Reservoir, water year 2017"},{"id":365582,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1039/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":365583,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1039/ofr20191039.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019-1039"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.78878784179688,\n 41.72110557838152\n ],\n [\n -71.53610229492188,\n 41.72110557838152\n ],\n [\n -71.53610229492188,\n 41.97174336327968\n ],\n [\n -71.78878784179688,\n 41.97174336327968\n ],\n [\n -71.78878784179688,\n 41.72110557838152\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Way, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275
The U.S. Geological Survey assessed the effective solubilities of organic analytes at the BKK Class Ⅰ Landfill site, West Covina, California, in cooperation with the California Department of Toxic Substances Control, using available data for liquid samples collected within (in-waste) and below (sub-waste) the landfill in 2014–16. The primary purpose of the effective solubility calculations was to determine the likely presence or absence of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), which is important for understanding the sources, persistence, and movement of the leachate contaminants. Percent effective solubility (a measure of the degree of deviation of a measured liquid concentration of a compound from the aqueous effective solubility) greater than 1 percent is the threshold that commonly has been used to infer the presence of DNAPLs or mixed DNAPLs in aqueous monitoring results. In the present study, however, thresholds higher than 1 percent were used because of elevated temperatures and concentrations of cosolvents in the liquid samples—thresholds of 10 percent or 100 percent, respectively, were used for liquid and solid (at 25 degrees Celsius) organic compounds for potential non-aqueous phase liquid presence.
Overall, the effective solubility calculations indicate the likely presence of DNAPLs or mixed DNAPLs in some samples for a range of compounds, including tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, 1,1-dichloroethene, vinyl chloride, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes. Samples with the highest calculated percent effective solubilities for chlorinated ethenes, ethanes, and benzenes were from a location where liquid in the waste prism is known to be in contact with the groundwater beneath the landfill. Trends in the effective solubilities for the chlorinated ethenes and ethanes were generally consistent between the in-waste and sub-waste samples, supporting a similar source composition for these liquids. Percent effective solubilities were less than 10 for the chlorinated ethanes in all the in-waste and sub-waste samples, indicating that DNAPL of these compounds is not present. Percent effective solubilities of chlorinated benzenes, ethylbenzene, and xylenes exceeded the 10-percent effective solubility threshold in more of the sub-waste samples than the in-waste liquid samples. Volatilization also may influence the patterns in the calculated effective solubilities but were not included in this study.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191080","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Toxic Substances Control","usgsCitation":"Lorah, M.M., Majcher, E.H., and Morel, C.J., 2019, Effective solubility assessment for organic analytes in liquid samples, BKK Class Ⅰ Landfill, West Covina, California, 2014–16: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1080, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191080.","productDescription":"Report: v, 18p.; Tables","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-105175","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366110,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1080/ofr20191080.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019-1080"},{"id":366109,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1080/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":366188,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1080/ofr20191080_table1.xlsx","text":"Tables SI-1 through SI-11","size":"1.25 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"- Supplemental Information Worksheet - Mole Fraction and Effective Solubility Calculations"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"West Covinia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.99917221069335,\n 34.064463311552615\n ],\n [\n -118.01462173461914,\n 34.04000041165585\n ],\n [\n -117.95145034790039,\n 34.03729768165777\n ],\n [\n -117.91471481323242,\n 34.03800893474363\n ],\n [\n -117.90956497192383,\n 34.04782361826847\n ],\n [\n -117.90939331054688,\n 34.0715732952909\n ],\n [\n -117.94235229492188,\n 34.07143110146331\n ],\n [\n -117.99917221069335,\n 34.064463311552615\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
Accurate forecasts of the streamflow expected during late spring and summer in the Upper Klamath River Basin in southern-central Oregon and northern California are used by water management agencies to balance water allocations for agriculture, aquatic habitat, and hydropower-production needs. Streamflow forecasts are also used by irrigation farmers for planning. The forecasts are typically made twice a month starting as early in the water year as December. Multiple regression equations relating real-time snowpack and precipitation conditions to seasonal streamflow volumes have been used for many years in forecasting. However, with warming temperature trends and lower snowpack, such forecasts based on historical data could become less reliable in the future. If the timing and relation of snowpack and precipitation are outside of the range of the historical data used to create the equations, the forecasts become extrapolations. Statistical forecast equations are also limited in their ability to forecast streamflow in groundwater-dominated basins having inter-annual lag. As an additional method for seasonal streamflow forecasting, a physical-process-based hydrologic model employing the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was developed in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation for the Upper Klamath Basin in this study. The model was calibrated for the portion of the basin draining into Upper Klamath Lake. PRMS is a deterministic, distributed-parameter, physical-process-based modeling system developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. It simulates daily streamflow, snow, solar radiation, evapotranspiration, surface-water, and groundwater processes within the basin. A model calibration and validation period for water years 2000–15 and water years 1984–99, respectively, was used. The model was calibrated and validated using measured streamflow, snowpack, evapotranspiration, and solar radiation data sets. Interpolated daily precipitation and air temperature data from 32 meteorological stations within and surrounding the Upper Klamath Basin were used as model input. Performance statistics, used to evaluate how well simulated daily streamflow matched with measured streamflow included percent bias, percent relative error, and root-mean-square error. The statistics were computed annually, monthly, for October–March, and for April–September. With the exception of the October–March period, percent bias statistics were all within plus or minus 5-percent for both the calibration and validation periods. Limitations to using the model are error in the precipitation and air temperature input time series data, which include measurement error and error in the spatial interpolation method. Other errors include measured daily streamflow data, which were adjusted for consumptive use losses to make them more closely resemble natural streamflow for calibration.
The model developed for the Upper Klamath Basin can be used to forecast streamflow from the Sprague and Williamson River Basins and inflow to Upper Klamath Lake. Reliable forecasts at these locations are needed for managing water for irrigation, ecosystem health, and power production. Using the models in a forecast application requires assembling model input data sets of anticipated daily precipitation and minimum and maximum air temperature for the period after the date the forecast is made and the end of the forecasted period. These climate data sets can be based on historical or synthetic records, at the discretion of the forecaster. With the Ensemble Streamflow Prediction method, a suite of streamflow scenarios is simulated using multiple years of climate data as model input. The forecasted streamflow is determined from knowing the exceedance probabilities of the simulated streamflows. In this study, the model and the Ensemble Streamflow Prediction method were used to forecast the volume of inflow to Upper Klamath Lake for a 6-month period from April 1, 2015, to September 30, 2015, using a range of climate data sets based on El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) criteria. Because 2015 was a warm phase ENSO period, climate data for 10 warm phase ENSO years from 1980 to 2010 were used as input to the model. The simulated April–September 2015 UKL inflow volume based on measured 2015 climate data was 482,000 acre-feet, which was very close to the 50th percent exceedance probability computed from 10 simulated scenarios that used warm phase ENSO climate input data from 1980–2010.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195044","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Risley, J.C., 2019, Using the precipitation-runoff modeling system to predict seasonal water availability in the upper Klamath River basin, Oregon and California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5044, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195044.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-098864","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5044/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":366316,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5044/sir20195044.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019-5044"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.42041015624999,\n 40.76806170936614\n ],\n [\n -119.94323730468749,\n 40.76806170936614\n ],\n [\n -119.94323730468749,\n 43.205175817237304\n ],\n [\n -123.42041015624999,\n 43.205175817237304\n ],\n [\n -123.42041015624999,\n 40.76806170936614\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
Since their designation in the 1980s, Areas of Concern (AOCs) around the Great Lakes have been the focus of multi-State and international cleanup efforts that were needed after decades of human activity resulted in severely contaminated sediment, water-quality degradation, loss of habitat for aquatic organisms, and impaired public use. Although individual Great Lake States had been working to cleanup and mitigate environmental concerns, there was insufficient funding and little coordination between Federal and State efforts to address the large and complex set of problems. The Great Lakes Ecosystem Protection Act was passed in 2010, providing for comprehensive multi-State planning and dedicating Federal funds to accelerate cleanup and improve conditions at the AOCs with a particular focus on 14 beneficial use impairments, such as degradation of benthos and degradation of phytoplankton and zooplankton populations. Of Wisconsin’s five AOCs, four lie adjacent to Lake Michigan: Lower Menominee River, Lower Green Bay and Fox River, Sheboygan River, and Milwaukee Estuary (which includes the Milwaukee River, Menomonee River, Kinnickinnic River, and Milwaukee Harbor). The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources has focused much of the cleanup on removal of contaminated sediment from these AOCs because many beneficial use impairments were a result of contaminated sediment. However, recent and quantitative assessments of the status of benthos and plankton at the AOCs were lacking. Therefore, to inform management decisions regarding the status of benthos and plankton at AOCs, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes National Program Office, assessed the condition of benthos (benthic invertebrates) and plankton (zooplankton and phytoplankton) at sites in the 4 AOCs and at 6 less-degraded comparison sites (hereafter referred to as “non-AOCs”).
The U.S. Geological Survey collected benthos, plankton, sediment, and water three times per year in 2012 and 2014 between May and August at the AOC and non-AOC comparison sites. Except for Lower Green Bay and Milwaukee Harbor, each AOC site or subsite was paired with sites in two non-AOCs with similar environmental conditions. Community-based metrics were compared using univariate and multivariate statistics between each AOC and the mean of all non-AOCs and between each AOC and the mean of two non-AOC comparison sites. Although it was assumed that, because of their designation as AOCs, the relationships would indicate degraded conditions compared to the non-AOC sites, several metrics for the AOCs did not significantly differ between the AOCs and non-AOCs in 2014. Of all four AOCs examined for benthos, only the Lower Menominee River AOC differed from its two non-AOC comparison sites; the density and richness of taxa in insect orders Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies) in combined benthos (dredge and artificial substrate samples) were lower at the AOC. For plankton, the assemblages for zooplankton at the Fox River near Allouez (a subsite in the Lower Green Bay AOC) and the Milwaukee River differed from their two non-AOC comparison sites; density of zooplankton was lower at both AOCs. Metrics for combined benthos and combined phytoplankton (soft algae and diatoms) at the Sheboygan River AOC did not differ from the two non-AOC comparison sites; however, the diversity of zooplankton in 2014 was lower at the Sheboygan River AOC than at the two non-AOC comparison sites. The combination of univariate and multivariate statistics provided a way to evaluate the status of the aquatic assemblage at each AOC and whether or not the assemblage differed from less-degraded non-AOC comparison sites. Results for this study provide multiple lines of evidence for evaluating the status of aquatic communities at AOC sites in Wisconsin along the western Lake Michigan shoreline in 2012 and 2014.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195051","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes National Program Office","usgsCitation":"Scudder Eikenberry, B.C., Olds, H.T., Burns, D.J., Bell, A.H., and Carter, J.L., 2019, Benthos and plankton of western Lake Michigan Areas of Concern in comparison non-Areas of Concern for to selected rivers and harbors, 2012 and 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5051, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195051.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 50 p.; Companion Reports: 2","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081397","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366200,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ds1000","text":"Data Series 1000","size":"31.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1000","linkHelpText":"– Benthos and Plankton Community Data for Selected Rivers and Harbors along the Western Lake Michigan Shoreline, 2014"},{"id":366183,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5051/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":366184,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5051/sir20195051.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019–5051"},{"id":366199,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0824/","text":"Data Series 824","size":"4.19 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 824","linkHelpText":"– Benthos and Plankton Community Data for Selected Rivers and Harbors along Wisconsin’s Lake Michigan Shoreline, 2012"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Western Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 42.49640294093705\n ],\n [\n -86.60522460937499,\n 42.49640294093705\n ],\n [\n -86.60522460937499,\n 46.05036097561633\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 46.05036097561633\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 42.49640294093705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
De facto reuse is increasingly being studied among the variety of stressors that are relevant to drinking water systems that obtain their source water from surface waters. De facto reuse may influence the levels and types of precursors relevant to formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in surface water systems. DBPs such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) have been associated with bladder cancer and other health concerns in people who use drinking water provided by public water systems (PWSs). In this study, we used compliance monitoring data from conventional surface water PWSs in the Shenandoah River watershed to evaluate the relationship between de facto reuse in the watershed with DBP formation in those systems. The Shenandoah River watershed was selected for this study because it has a relatively small group of PWSs that draw their source water from surface waters in the watershed, the majority of whom treat their water using chlorine, and are less likely to have confounding factors (such as complex distribution systems or lengthy residence times) than other watersheds. We found that concentrations of THM4 and HAA5 increase in drinking water systems as de facto reuse increases in their source waters and that the relation is observed at both annual average and low streamflow conditions (annual average and low streamflow increases were statistically significant for THM4 with p values of 0.027 and 0,021, respectively). In addition, using a t-test, we found that a 1% level of de facto reuse was associated with significantly higher levels of THM4 and HAA5 (p < 0.05) under annual average streamflow conditions. While the concentrations of HAA5 were also higher under annual average and low streamflow conditions, we did not find that they achieved a level of a significant difference. Results from this research will be helpful to operators of PWSs and other researchers and stakeholders with an interest in water reuse and DBPs.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/C9EW00326F","usgsCitation":"Weisman, R.J., Barber, L., Rapp, J., and Ferreira, C.M., 2019, De facto reuse and disinfection by-products in drinking water systems in the Shenandoah River watershed: Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, v. 5, no. 10, p. 1699-1708, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EW00326F.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1699","endPage":"1708","ipdsId":"IP-106374","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.189697265625,\n 39.67337039176558\n ],\n [\n -80.474853515625,\n 37.47485808497102\n ],\n [\n -79.9365234375,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -78.673095703125,\n 37.47485808497102\n ],\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 38.91668153637508\n ],\n [\n -77.266845703125,\n 39.639537564366684\n ],\n [\n -78.189697265625,\n 39.67337039176558\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weisman, Richard J","contributorId":218952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weisman","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":12909,"text":"George Mason University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":770757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":218953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rapp, Jennifer 0000-0003-2253-9886","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2253-9886","contributorId":218954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapp","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferreira, Celso M","contributorId":218955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferreira","given":"Celso","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":12909,"text":"George Mason University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":770760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207963,"text":"70207963 - 2019 - Drinking water quality in the glacial aquifer system, northern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-22T11:42:02","indexId":"70207963","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-02T14:25:40","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5331,"text":"Science of Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drinking water quality in the glacial aquifer system, northern USA","docAbstract":"Groundwater supplies 50% of drinking water worldwide, but compromised water quality from anthropogenic and geogenic contaminants can limit usage of groundwater as a drinking water source. Groundwater quality in the glacial aquifer system, USA (GLAC), is presented in the context of a hydrogeologic framework that divides the study area into 17 hydrogeologic terranes. Results are reported at aquifer-system scale and regional (terrane) scale. This paper presents a quantitative assessment of groundwater quality in the GLAC using data from numerous sources for samples collected 2005–2013, compared to health-based and aesthetic (non-health) benchmarks, and evaluated with areal and population metrics. Concentrations above a benchmark are considered high. Trace elements are widespread across the study area, with an estimated 5.7 million people relying on groundwater with high concentrations of one or more trace elements; manganese and arsenic are most often at high concentration. Nitrate is found at high concentration in 4.0% of the study area, serving about 740 thousand people. Organic compounds including pesticides and volatile organic compounds are high in 2.0% of the assessed study area, with about 870 thousand people relying on groundwater with high concentrations of an organic compound. High arsenic and manganese concentrations occur primarily in the terranes with thick, stratigraphically complex, fine-grained glacial sediment, coincident with groundwater under reducing conditions (indicated by iron concentrations >100 μg/L); high nitrate is uncommon in those same terranes. When nitrate is high in thick, fine-grained, complex terranes, though, it is much more commonly associated with groundwater under more oxidizing conditions. Common geogenic trace elements occur at high concentration due to characteristic geologic and geochemical conditions. Conversely, anthropogenic nitrate and organic compounds are introduced at or near the land surface. High concentrations of nitrate or organic compounds are generally limited to areas in proximity where people live and use the chemicals.
This report documents a Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model that was developed for an area covering the Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and Mesozoic basin fractured-rock aquifers in Fauquier County, Virginia, for the calendar years 1996–2015. The SWB model includes an area of 1,498 square miles, divided into 1,076-square-foot (100-square-meter) grid cells on which daily groundwater recharge was estimated using existing elevation, meteorological, land-use, and soil property datasets.
Daily groundwater recharge estimates obtained from the model were summarized annually, and annual model output was compared to the results of the hydrograph separation method, PART, on streamflow data from two streamgages in Fauquier County with periods of continuous record overlapping those of the SWB model period (01643700 Goose Creek near Middleburg, Virginia, and 01656000 Cedar Run near Catlett, Virginia). Spatially distributed groundwater recharge results from the SWB model represent annual conditions and the 20-year average values for the years 1996–2015, including estimated recharge during a previously defined drought in 2001. The 20-year average recharge in Fauquier County from the SWB model ranged from 8.1 inches per year (in/yr) in Blue Ridge aquifers to 5.3 in/yr in Mesozoic basin aquifers. Although mean annual precipitation volumes vary slightly across the County, the contrast in recharge among the Blue Ridge and western Piedmont aquifers with that of the Mesozoic basin aquifers is largely a result of differences in soil infiltration capacity. Precipitation totals 20 percent below mean annual precipitation from 1996–2015 produced drought recharge rates that were less than 50 percent of mean annual recharge.
The SWB model and model output, including spatially distributed annual estimates of groundwater recharge, evapotranspiration, and gross precipitation for the 1996 through 2015 model period, are publicly available as a U.S. Geological Survey data release.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195056","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fauquier County Department of Community Development","usgsCitation":" McCoy, K.J., and Ladd, D.E., 2019, Documentation of a Soil-Water-Balance model to estimate recharge to Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and Mesozoic Basin fractured-rock aquifers, Fauquier County, Virginia, 1996 through 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5056, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195056. 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U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
We investigated associations of fish assemblages and habitat characteristics (e.g., morphology and water chemistry) from 45 natural lakes and reservoirs in Iowa to determine whether species or trophic guild composition and environmental correlations were concordant between waterbodies of different origins. Overall, fish assemblage composition between natural lakes and reservoirs was consistently dissimilar based on a permutational multivariate ANOVA. Species composition from nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordinations for reservoirs was correlated with a variety of limnological and physical characteristics, whereas species composition and trophic composition of natural lakes were weakly associated with habitat characteristics. Species richness was positively related to waterbody and watershed size for reservoirs but not for natural lakes. Conversely, species richness was negatively correlated with increasing eutrophic conditions in natural lakes but not in reservoirs. Overall, distinct differences in assemblage composition were observed between natural and artificial lentic ecosystems and may have resulted from underlying differences in limnological, physical, and anthropogenic influences between systems. Dissimilar management legacies between waterbody types, such as limited or no stocking of nonrecreationally important species and the use of piscicides, may have additionally had overriding effects on the observed assemblage–environmental relationships. For instance, lower trophic richness and species richness in reservoirs appeared to have resulted from replacement of a diversity of small-bodied native species by relatively few commonly stocked sport fishes. Our results emphasize the need to consider waterbody origin and the potential influence of historical or current management strategies on fish assemblage characterization and subsequent inferences made from environmental correlations.
The Lone Tree deposit is located in the northern Battle Mountain mining district, Nevada. Prior to mine closure in 2006, Santa Fe Pacific Gold and Newmont produced 4.2 Moz of gold at an average grade of 2.06 g/t at Lone Tree, primarily from the N-S– to NNW-SSE–striking Wayne zone. The ore is located between the Roberts Mountain and Golconda thrusts in siliciclastic rocks of the Ordovician Valmy Formation and in the Pennsylvanian-Permian Battle Mountain and Edna Mountain Formations, and above the Golconda thrust in siliciclastic and carbonate rocks of the Mississippian to Permian Havallah sequence. Ore is also hosted by rhyolitic dikes that were emplaced at 40.95 ± 0.06 Ma based on zircon U-Pb chemical abrasion-thermal ionization mass spectrometry.
The gold is associated with sericitic and argillic alteration of the siliciclastic rocks and dikes and with decarbonatization and Fe carbonate alteration of the carbonate-bearing units, as well as in Fe-As sulfide and finegrained quartz alteration of all rock types. Oxidation affects 30 to 45% of the deposit, penetrating into the stratigraphy along numerous steeply dipping north-south, east-west, and north-northeast–south-southwest structures. Gold is positively correlated with Ag, As, Hg, and Sb. The highest Au grades occur in quartz-sulfide ore hosted in siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks and rhyolitic intrusions. In this ore style, fine-grained quartz and sericite are intergrown with disseminated sulfide minerals (quartz-sericite-pyrite alteration), constituting cores of weakly mineralized pyrite or marcasite, which are surrounded by fuzzy arsenopyrite rims that contain up to ~2,000 ppm Au. Low gold grades occur in late-stage banded pyrite breccias consisting of a finely zoned Au-poor pyrite matrix surrounding jigsaw-fit clasts of quartz-, illite-, barite-, and adularia-altered siliciclastic rock. The timing of main-stage mineralization is bracketed between the emplacement of the dikes and an adularia 40Ar/39Ar age of 40.14 ± 0.74 Ma.
Sericite intergrown with arsenopyrite-rimmed pyrite in phenocrysts of the rhyolite dikes gave δ18O values of 1.6 to 9.5‰ and δD values of –105 to –145‰. For temperatures of 300 ± 100°C, the calculated fluid isotopic compositions are consistent with felsic magmatic water and minor modifications by mixing with meteoric water and exchange with wall rocks. In the silica-sulfide ore, in situ isotopic laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) analyses of pyrite cores yielded δ34S values ranging from 3.4 to 7.7‰, with average values of 5.6‰ in the felsic dikes, 4.5‰ in the siliciclastic rocks, and 5.3‰ in the carbonate rocks. These values match conventional pyrite δ34S data reported for Eocene porphyry systems elsewhere in the district. Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses show that gold and associated trace elements occur in submicron-scale zones within arsenopyrite rims on pyrite. The average δ34S values of the arsenopyrite rims are 5.3 to 6.5‰ heavier than the pyrite cores, indicating cooling and an increasing H2S/SO2 ratio. The highest grades resulted from episodic pulses of a gold-rich fluid that was partly derived from, or exchanged with, the sedimentary host rocks. In situ LA-MC-ICP-MS δ34S values for the late-stage banded pyrite breccia become progressively lighter from veinlet margin to center, reaching a low of –32‰. These veinlets indicate a shift from main-stage quartz-sericite-pyrite and intermediate argillic alteration to more neutral pH and oxidizing conditions during late-stage mineralization, indicating either increasing interaction between the fluid and sedimentary sulfur sources in the host-rock package or bacterial sulfate reduction and supergene sulfide precipitation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/econgeo.4665","usgsCitation":"Holley, E.A., Lowe, J., Johnson, C.A., and Pribil, M., 2019, Magmatic-hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Lone Tree Mine, Battle Mountain district, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 114, no. 5, p. 811-856, https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4665.","productDescription":"46 p.","startPage":"811","endPage":"856","ipdsId":"IP-104133","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Battle Mountain district, Lone Tree Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -114.202880859375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -114.202880859375,\n 41.99624282178583\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 41.99624282178583\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holley, Elizabeth A. 0000-0003-2504-4555","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2504-4555","contributorId":265154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holley","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, Justin","contributorId":265155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Justin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pribil, Michael J. 0000-0003-4859-8673 mpribil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-8673","contributorId":141158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pribil","given":"Michael","email":"mpribil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70236154,"text":"70236154 - 2019 - Hydroclimatology of the Mississippi River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-30T14:18:05.915762","indexId":"70236154","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T09:11:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydroclimatology of the Mississippi River Basin","docAbstract":"Model estimated monthly water balance (WB) components (i.e., potential evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration, and runoff [R]) for 848 United States (U.S.) Geological Survey 8-digit hydrologic units located in the Mississippi River Basin (MRB) are used to examine the temporal and spatial variability of the MRB WB for water years 1901 through 2014. Results indicate the MRB can be divided into nine subregions with similar temporal variability in R. The WB analyses indicated ~79% of total water-year MRB runoff is generated by four of the nine subregions and most of the R in the basin is derived from surplus (S) water during the months of December through May. Furthermore, the analyses showed temporal variability in S is largely controlled by the occurrence of negative atmospheric pressure anomalies over the western U.S. and positive atmospheric pressure anomalies over the eastern U.S. coast. This combination of atmospheric pressure anomalies results in an anomalous flow of moist air from the Gulf of Mexico into the MRB. In the context of paleo-climate reconstructions of the Palmer Drought Severity Index, since about 1900 the MRB has experienced wetter conditions than were experienced during the previous 500 years.
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Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":219213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70204523,"text":"70204523 - 2019 - Operationalizing small unoccupied aircraft systems for rapid flood inundation mapping and event response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:26:06.625645","indexId":"70204523","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T08:51:10","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Operationalizing small unoccupied aircraft systems for rapid flood inundation mapping and event response","docAbstract":"Small Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (sUAS) offer the capability to collect rapid and accurate aerial survey data during flood response. 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