{"pageNumber":"2830","pageRowStart":"70725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184556,"records":[{"id":70182597,"text":"70182597 - 2003 - Large woody debris and flow resistance in step-pool channels, Cascade Range, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T13:51:52","indexId":"70182597","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large woody debris and flow resistance in step-pool channels, Cascade Range, Washington","docAbstract":"<p><span>Total flow resistance, measured as Darcy-Weisbach </span><i>f</i><span>, in 20 step-pool channels with large woody debris (LWD) in Washington, ranged from 5 to 380 during summer low flows. Step risers in the study streams consist of either (1) large and relatively immobile woody debris, bedrock, or roots that form fixed, or “forced,” steps, or (2) smaller and relatively mobile wood or clasts, or a mixture of both, arranged across the channel by the stream. Flow resistance in step-pool channels may be partitioned into grain, form, and spill resistance. Grain resistance is calculated as a function of particle size, and form resistance is calculated as large woody debris drag. Combined, grain and form resistance account for less than 10% of the total flow resistance. We initially assumed that the substantial remaining portion is spill resistance attributable to steps. However, measured step characteristics could not explain between-reach variations in flow resistance. This suggests that other factors may be significant; the coefficient of variation of the hydraulic radius explained 43% of the variation in friction factors between streams, for example. Large woody debris generates form resistance on step treads and spill resistance at step risers. Because the form resistance of step-pool channels is relatively minor compared to spill resistance and because wood in steps accentuates spill resistance by increasing step height, we suggest that wood in step risers influences channel hydraulics more than wood elsewhere in the channel. Hence, the distribution and function, not just abundance, of large woody debris is critical in steep, step-pool channels.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00333-1","usgsCitation":"Curran, J.H., and Wohl, E.E., 2003, Large woody debris and flow resistance in step-pool channels, Cascade Range, Washington: Geomorphology, v. 51, no. 1-3, p. 141-157, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00333-1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"157","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336233,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range","volume":"51","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b15441e4b01ccd54fc5ec9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curran, Janet H. 0000-0002-3899-6275 jcurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-6275","contributorId":690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Janet","email":"jcurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wohl, Ellen E.","contributorId":16969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wohl","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":672000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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,{"id":96935,"text":"96935 - 2003 - Montioring Giant Garter Snakes at Colusa National Wildlife Refuge: 2002 Progress Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:53","indexId":"96935","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Montioring Giant Garter Snakes at Colusa National Wildlife Refuge: 2002 Progress Report","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","collaboration":"Report for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","usgsCitation":"Wylie, G.D., Casazza, M.L., and Martin, L.L., 2003, Montioring Giant Garter Snakes at Colusa National Wildlife Refuge: 2002 Progress Report.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b473c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wylie, Glenn D. 0000-0002-7061-6658 glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-6658","contributorId":3052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":300628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":300627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Lisa L.","contributorId":62953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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,{"id":96991,"text":"96991 - 2003 - The revegetation of disturbed areas associated with roads at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:51","indexId":"96991","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"The revegetation of disturbed areas associated with roads at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","collaboration":"Report prepared for National Park Service, Lake Mead National Recreation Area.","usgsCitation":"Scoles, S., and DeFalco, L., 2003, The revegetation of disturbed areas associated with roads at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"11","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640ec9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoles, S.J.","contributorId":69497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoles","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeFalco, L.A.","contributorId":46032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFalco","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":96997,"text":"96997 - 2003 - Physiological ecology of the invasive annual grass Bromus madritensis ssp. Rubens and its interactions with native Mojave Desert species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:00","indexId":"96997","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Physiological ecology of the invasive annual grass Bromus madritensis ssp. Rubens and its interactions with native Mojave Desert species","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"University of Nevada","publisherLocation":"Reno, NV","usgsCitation":"DeFalco, L., 2003, Physiological ecology of the invasive annual grass Bromus madritensis ssp. Rubens and its interactions with native Mojave Desert species, 130 p.","productDescription":"130 p.","startPage":"130","numberOfPages":"130","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685960","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeFalco, L.A.","contributorId":46032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFalco","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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,{"id":81481,"text":"81481 - 2003 - Conservation of North American stream amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-09T08:22:26","indexId":"81481","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Conservation of North American stream amphibians","docAbstract":"<p>Abstract has not been submitted</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Amphibian conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Smithsonian Institution Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Corn, P., Bury, R., and Hyde, E., 2003, Conservation of North American stream amphibians, chap. <i>of</i> Amphibian conservation, p. 24-36.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"36","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a30c1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Semlitsch, R.","contributorId":112982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semlitsch","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504167,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Corn, P.S.","contributorId":63751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"P.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bury, R.B.","contributorId":25497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bury","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hyde, E.J.","contributorId":47719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyde","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81461,"text":"81461 - 2003 - Effects of contaminated dredge spoils on wetland plant communities: A literature review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T09:39:19","indexId":"81461","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"5","title":"Effects of contaminated dredge spoils on wetland plant communities: A literature review","docAbstract":"<p>Contaminated dredge spoil is a national concern due to its scope and effects on biota, water quality, and the physical environment. This literature review discusses the effects of contaminated dredge spoils on wetland plant communities. Plant communities naturally shift over time with changing environmental conditions. Addition of toxins and nutrients and changes in hydrology may influence plant community structure. The storage and disposal of nutrient and metal contaminated dredge spoils may cause shifts in nearby plant communities. Shifts in species composition and diversity may not be observed for decades after nutrient enrichment, causing any disturbance to remain undetected. Plant community shifts often have great amounts of inertia and are difficult to reverse.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological response signatures: Indicator patterns using aquatic communities","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","doi":"10.1201/9781420041453.ch5","usgsCitation":"Stewart, P.M., Garza, E.L., and Butcher, J.T., 2003, Effects of contaminated dredge spoils on wetland plant communities: A literature review, chap. 5 <i>of</i> Biological response signatures: Indicator patterns using aquatic communities, p. 99-112, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420041453.ch5.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"112","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db628029","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Simon, Thomas P.","contributorId":77081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504133,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Paul M.","contributorId":63336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garza, Eric L.","contributorId":13914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garza","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Butcher, Jason T.","contributorId":98662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butcher","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81476,"text":"81476 - 2003 - The ecology and impact of the invasion of Lake Ontario by the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussel (D. bugensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:51","indexId":"81476","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The ecology and impact of the invasion of Lake Ontario by the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussel (D. bugensis)","docAbstract":"In this chapter we present a detailed description of the zebra and quagga mussel invasion in Lake Ontario, with specific emphasis on: (1) the development of the Dreissena populations in Lake Ontario, (2) previously unreported data from 1997 and 1998 for Dreissena populations at Nine-Mile Point in Lake Ontario, (3) factors influencing dreissenid development in Lake Ontario, and (4) the effects of dreissenid colonization on the biota of the Lake Ontario ecosystem.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The state of Lake Ontario: past, present and future","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management Society","publisherLocation":"New Delhi","usgsCitation":"Negley, T., Mills, E., Baldwin, B., O'Gorman, R., and Owens, R., 2003, The ecology and impact of the invasion of Lake Ontario by the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussel (D. bugensis), chap. <i>of</i> The state of Lake Ontario: past, present and future, p. 559-577.","productDescription":"p. 559-577","startPage":"559","endPage":"577","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db6682a1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Munawar, M.","contributorId":79835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munawar","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504161,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Negley, T.L.","contributorId":50466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Negley","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mills, E.L.","contributorId":73525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldwin, B.","contributorId":73135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Gorman, R.","contributorId":48896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Gorman","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Owens, R.W.","contributorId":7645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174324,"text":"70174324 - 2003 - Sediment dynamics drive contaminant dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T14:00:31","indexId":"70174324","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5127,"text":"Pulse of the Estuary","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"2003","title":"Sediment dynamics drive contaminant dynamics","docAbstract":"<p>Many contaminants of greatest concern in San Francisco Bay, including mercury and PCBs, are primarily associated with sediment particles rather than dissolved in water. Therefore, the movement and fate of sediment determines the movement and fate of many contaminants in the Bay. Because of this close association, the RMP monitors and seeks to understand the quantity and movement of sediment suspended in the water. Through study of suspended sediment dynamics, the RMP is developing a better understanding of trends and patterns of contaminants and how the Bay will respond to management actions during the next several decades. Recent RMP efforts to develop predictive models of contaminant fate in the Bay have highlighted the fundamental importance of understanding sediment dynamics.</p>\n<p>Sediment movement in the Bay is determined by tides, wind, and freshwater inflow. Tides flood and ebb twice a day, wind typically is strongest in the afternoon, and freshwater inflow is greatest during the winter rainy season (see sidebar on next page). To characterize these fluctuations, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began continuous monitoring of suspended sediment concentration in 1991. Continuous suspended sediment concentration monitoring stations were established in each major region of San Francisco Bay (Figure 1), establishing a continuous monitoring network. The sensors at each station measure the amount of material in the water every 15 minutes. Results are available on the internet at . In addition to the network, sensors have been deployed at as many as 14 additional sites in the Bay for periods of several months as part of focused studies of sediment transport in Bay locales of special interest.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2003 Pulse of the estuary: Monitoring & managing contamination in the San Francisco Estuary","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","usgsCitation":"Schoellhamer, D., Shellenbarger, G., Ganju, N., Davis, J., and McKee, L.J., 2003, Sediment dynamics drive contaminant dynamics: Pulse of the Estuary 2003, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324895,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324894,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sfei.org/documents/2003-pulse-estuary-monitoring-managing-contamination-san-francisco-estuary"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.53326416015624,\n              37.40725549559876\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.53326416015624,\n              38.18422791820727\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.6680908203125,\n              38.18422791820727\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.6680908203125,\n              37.40725549559876\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.53326416015624,\n              37.40725549559876\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780cebee4b08116168223b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":641904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465 nganju@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":140088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","email":"nganju@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":641905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Jay A.","contributorId":168696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Jay A.","affiliations":[{"id":12703,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKee, Lester J.","contributorId":24693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Lester","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174592,"text":"70174592 - 2003 - Cross-channel variability in benthic habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T16:14:23","indexId":"70174592","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cross-channel variability in benthic habitat","docAbstract":"<p>Benthic invertebrates play an important role in estuarine food webs and biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nutrients, and contaminants. The generally sedentary benthic invertebrates continuously integrate local water, sediment, and food conditions. This makes them good indicators of the type and quality of aquatic habitat at the location where they are found.</p>\n<p>The Interagency Ecological Program&rsquo;s Environmental Monitoring Program (EMP) has monitored benthic invertebrates since the mid-1970s. A recent review of the EMP found that the spatial study design of the benthos monitoring element was in need of a thorough reexamination through intense special studies and extensive historic data analyses. This article reports the results of preliminary analyses of historical EMP data focusing on cross-channel variability. Specific questions are: (1) do benthic habitats and community assemblages vary between positions across a river channel? (2) Are benthic samples taken at a single channel position sufficiently representative of benthos assemblages across the channel to characterize long term changes in the benthos community of a particular section of a river?</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the San Francisco Estuary","usgsCitation":"Vayssieres, M., and Peterson, H., 2003, Cross-channel variability in benthic habitat: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 16, no. 2, p. 51-56.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.water.ca.gov/iep/newsletters/2003/IEPnewsletterSpring.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.84696197509766,\n              38.043629917070525\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84696197509766,\n              38.07782512263081\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.79254531860352,\n              38.07782512263081\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.79254531860352,\n              38.043629917070525\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84696197509766,\n              38.043629917070525\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5787662ee4b0d27deb36e17f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vayssieres, Marc","contributorId":172880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vayssieres","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, Heather","contributorId":172879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025358,"text":"70025358 - 2003 - Reclaiming agricultural drainage water with nanofiltration membranes: Imperial Valley, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-14T14:28:31.652346","indexId":"70025358","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Reclaiming agricultural drainage water with nanofiltration membranes: Imperial Valley, California, USA","docAbstract":"<p>We conducted pilot-scale field experiments using nanofiltration membranes to lower the salinity and remove Se, As and other toxic contaminants from saline agricultural wastewater in the Imperial Valley, California, USA. Farmlands in the desert climate (rainfall - 7.4 cm/a) of Imperial Valley cover -200,000 ha that are irrigated with water (-1.7 km<sup>3</sup> annually) imported from the Colorado River. The salinity (-850 mg/L) and concentration of Se (-2.5 <span>μ</span>g/L) in the Colorado River water are high and evapotranpiration further concentrates salts in irrigation drainage water, reaching salinities of 3,000-15,000 mg/L TDS and a median Se value of -30 <span>μ</span>g/L. Experiments were conducted with two commercially available nanofiltration membranes, using drainage water of varying composition, and with or without the addition of organic precipitation inhibitors. Results show that these membranes selectively remove more than 95% of Se, SO<sub>4</sub>, Mo, U and DOC, and -30% of As from this wastewater. Low percentages of Cl, NO<sub>3</sub> and HCO<sub>3</sub>, with enough cations to maintain electrical neutrality also were removed. The product water treated by these membranes comprised more than 90% of the wastewater tested. Results indicate that the treated product water from the Alamo River likely will have less than 0.2 <span>μ</span>g/L Se, salinity of 300-500 mg/L TDS and other chemical concentrations that meet the water quality criteria for irrigation and potable use. Because acceptability is a major issue for providing treated wastewater to urban centers, it may be prudent to use the reclaimed water for irrigation and creation of lower salinity wetlands near the Salton Sea; an equivalent volume of Colorado River water can then be diverted for the use of increasing populations of San Diego and other urban centers in southern California. Nanofiltration membranes yield greater reclaimed-water output and require lower pressure and less pretreatment, and therefore are generally more cost effective than traditional reverse osmosis membranes.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Water Resources and the Urban Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Water Resources and the Urban Environment","conferenceDate":"November 9-10, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Wuhan, China","language":"English","isbn":"780163764X","usgsCitation":"Kharaka, Y., Schroeder, R.A., and Setmire, J.G., 2003, Reclaiming agricultural drainage water with nanofiltration membranes: Imperial Valley, California, USA, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Water Resources and the Urban Environment, Wuhan, China, November 9-10, 2003, p. 14-20.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Imperial Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.7517994325615,\n              33.1058900844817\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.22017248014933,\n              33.14779162604745\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.25352842419123,\n              33.123351490240665\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.1743079668311,\n              33.0977402183961\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.16735881182237,\n              33.07095683999766\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.16179948781533,\n              33.02552290973178\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.05756216268455,\n              33.02552290973178\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.97139264057625,\n              32.98822628616925\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.97417230257994,\n              32.9602434715497\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.03532486665674,\n              32.91825262986043\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.03810452866009,\n              32.84472070324286\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.00335875361648,\n              32.826036216692856\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.00891807762353,\n              32.790992208718436\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.96444348556753,\n              32.67875859104204\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.92552821751892,\n              32.630782438411956\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.85524870395213,\n              32.71033857889684\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.35280820257681,\n              33.174551561596346\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.60436761389234,\n              33.224559134918366\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.66552017796911,\n              33.145464264975885\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.70999477002513,\n              33.146627942076194\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.71138460102681,\n              33.11171091641418\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.7517994325615,\n              33.1058900844817\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9671e4b0c8380cd81fc7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wang, Y.","contributorId":64213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866403,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Kharaka, Y.K.","contributorId":23568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Y.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schroeder, R. A.","contributorId":15554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Setmire, J. G.","contributorId":16818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Setmire","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025346,"text":"70025346 - 2003 - Left-Right Asymmetric Morphogenesis in the Xenopus Digestive System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70025346","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1382,"text":"Developmental Dynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Left-Right Asymmetric Morphogenesis in the Xenopus Digestive System","docAbstract":"The morphogenetic mechanisms by which developing organs become left-right asymmetric entities are unknown. To investigate this issue, we compared the roles of the left and right sides of the Xenopus embryo during the development of anatomic asymmetries in the digestive system. Although both sides contribute equivalently to each of the individual digestive organs, during the initial looping of the primitive gut tube, the left side assumes concave topologies where the right side becomes convex. Of interest, the concave surfaces of the gut tube correlate with expression of the LR gene, Pitx2, and ectopic Pitx2 mRNA induces ectopic concavities in a localized manner. A morphometric comparison of the prospective concave and convex surfaces of the gut tube reveals striking disparities in their rate of elongation but no significant differences in cell proliferation. These results provide insight into the nature of symmetry-breaking morphogenetic events during left-right asymmetric organ development. ?? 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Developmental Dynamics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.10415","issn":"10588388","usgsCitation":"Muller, J.K., Prather, D., and Nascone-Yoder, N.M., 2003, Left-Right Asymmetric Morphogenesis in the Xenopus Digestive System: Developmental Dynamics, v. 228, no. 4, p. 672-682, https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.10415.","startPage":"672","endPage":"682","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209442,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.10415"},{"id":235892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"228","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4639e4b0c8380cd675cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muller, Jennifer K.","contributorId":89702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prather, D.R.","contributorId":101432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prather","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nascone-Yoder, N. M.","contributorId":82513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nascone-Yoder","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025189,"text":"70025189 - 2003 - Ord's kangaroo rats living in floodplain habitats: Factors contributing to habitat attraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025189","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ord's kangaroo rats living in floodplain habitats: Factors contributing to habitat attraction","docAbstract":"High densities of an aridland granivore, Ord's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii), have been documented in floodplain habitats along the Yampa River in northwestern Colorado. Despite a high probability of inundation and attendant high mortality during the spring flood period, the habitat is consistently recolonized. To understand factors that potentially make riparian habitats attractive to D. ordii, we compared density and spatial pattern of seeds, density of a competitor (western harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex occidentalis), and digging energetics within floodplain habitats and between floodplain and adjacent upland habitats. Seed density within the floodplain was greatest in the topographically high (rarely flooded) floodplain and lowest immediately after a spring flood in the topographically low (frequently flooded) floodplain. Seed densities in adjacent upland habitat that never floods were higher than the lowest floodplain habitat. In the low floodplain prior to flooding, seeds had a clumped spatial pattern, which D. ordii is adept at exploiting; after spring flooding, a more random pattern resulted. Populations of the western harvester ant were low in the floodplain relative to the upland. Digging by D. ordii was energetically less expensive in floodplain areas than in upland areas. Despite the potential for mortality due to annual spring flooding, the combination of less competition from harvester ants and lower energetic costs of digging might promote the use of floodplain habitat by D. ordii.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0411:OKRLIF>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.S., Wilson, K., and Andersen, D., 2003, Ord's kangaroo rats living in floodplain habitats: Factors contributing to habitat attraction: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 48, no. 3, p. 411-418, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0411:OKRLIF>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"411","endPage":"418","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209372,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0411:OKRLIF>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":235727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6f31e4b0c8380cd759b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. S.","contributorId":69107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, K.R.","contributorId":73961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andersen, D.C.","contributorId":19119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025194,"text":"70025194 - 2003 - Spatial pattern of risk of common raven predation on desert tortoises","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-03T16:11:48.599577","indexId":"70025194","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial pattern of risk of common raven predation on desert tortoises","docAbstract":"Common Ravens (Corvus corax) in the Mojave Desert of California, USA are subsidized by anthropogenic resources. Large numbers of nonbreeding ravens are attracted to human developments and thus are spatially restricted, whereas breeding ravens are distributed more evenly throughout the area. We investigated whether the spatial distribution of risk of predation by ravens to juveniles of the threatened desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) was determined by the spatial distribution of (1) nonbreeding ravens at human developments (leading to \"spillover\" predation) or (2) breeding individuals throughout developed and undeveloped areas (leading to \" hyperpredation\"). Predation risk, measured using styrofoam models of juvenile desert tortoises, was high near places attracting large numbers of nonbreeding ravens, near successful nests, and far from successful nests when large numbers of nonbreeding ravens were present. Patterns consistent with both \"spillover\" predation and \"hyperpredation\" were thus observed, attributed to the nonbreeding and breeding segments of the population, respectively. Furthermore, because locations of successful nests changed almost annually, consistent low-predation refugia for juvenile desert tortoises were nearly nonexistent. Consequently, anthropogenic resources for ravens could indirectly lead to the suppression, decline, or even extinction of desert tortoise populations.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/02-0448","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Kristan, W., and Boarman, W., 2003, Spatial pattern of risk of common raven predation on desert tortoises: Ecology, v. 84, no. 9, p. 2432-2443, https://doi.org/10.1890/02-0448.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2432","endPage":"2443","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Air Force Base, Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.22181701660156,\n              34.72186182741279\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.67524719238281,\n              34.72186182741279\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.67524719238281,\n              35.106428057364255\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.22181701660156,\n              35.106428057364255\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.22181701660156,\n              34.72186182741279\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9493e4b08c986b31ab87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kristan, W. B. III","contributorId":106444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kristan","given":"W. B.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boarman, W.I.","contributorId":73523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boarman","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025197,"text":"70025197 - 2003 - Kilauea east rift zone magmatism: An episode 54 perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-21T17:42:40.769696","indexId":"70025197","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kilauea east rift zone magmatism: An episode 54 perspective","docAbstract":"<p><span>On January 29 30, 1997, prolonged steady-state effusion of lava from Pu'u'O'o was briefly disrupted by shallow extension beneath Napau Crater, 1 4 km uprift of the active&nbsp;</span>Kilauea<span>&nbsp;vent. A 23-h-long eruption (</span>episode<span>&nbsp;</span>54<span>) ensued from fissures that were overlapping or en echelon with eruptive fissures formed during&nbsp;</span>episode<span>&nbsp;1 in 1983 and those of earlier&nbsp;</span>rift<span>&nbsp;</span>zone<span>&nbsp;eruptions in 1963 and 1968. Combined geophysical and petrologic data for the 1994 1999 eruptive interval, including&nbsp;</span>episode<span>&nbsp;</span>54<span>, reveal a variety of shallow magmatic conditions that persist in association with prolonged&nbsp;</span>rift<span>&nbsp;</span>zone<span>&nbsp;eruption. Near-vent lava samples document a significant range in composition, temperature and crystallinity of pre-eruptive magma. As supported by phenocryst liquid relations and&nbsp;</span>Kilauea<span>&nbsp;mineral thermometers established herein, the&nbsp;</span>rift<span>&nbsp;</span>zone<span>&nbsp;extension that led to&nbsp;</span>episode<span>&nbsp;</span>54<span>&nbsp;resulted in mixture of near-cotectic magma with discrete magma bodies cooled to ≤1100°C. Mixing models indicate that magmas isolated beneath Napau Crater since 1963 and 1968 constituted 32 65% of the hybrid mixtures erupted during&nbsp;</span>episode<span>&nbsp;</span>54<span>. Geophysical measurements support passive displacement of open-system magma along the active&nbsp;</span>east<span>&nbsp;</span>rift<span>&nbsp;conduit into closed-system&nbsp;</span>rift<span>-reservoirs along a shallow&nbsp;</span>zone<span>&nbsp;of extension. Geophysical and petrologic data for early&nbsp;</span>episode<span>&nbsp;55 document the gradual flushing of&nbsp;</span>episode<span>&nbsp;</span>54<span>&nbsp;related magma during magmatic recharge of the edifice.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egg048","issn":"00223530","usgsCitation":"Thornber, C., Heliker, C., Sherrod, D.R., Kauahikaua, J.P., Mikijus, A., Okubo, P.G., Trusdell, F., Budahn, J., Ridley, W., and Meeker, G., 2003, Kilauea east rift zone magmatism: An episode 54 perspective: Journal of Petrology, v. 44, no. 9, p. 1525-1559, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egg048.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"1525","endPage":"1559","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea East Rift Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.1104736328125,\n              19.80805412808859\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.2532958984375,\n              19.456233596018\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3192138671875,\n              19.25929414046391\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.1104736328125,\n              19.295590314804254\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.8358154296875,\n              19.440694401302856\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.8248291015625,\n              19.53390722018251\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.0335693359375,\n              19.761533975023298\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.1104736328125,\n              19.80805412808859\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4091e4b0c8380cd64e6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thornber, C.R.","contributorId":69302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornber","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heliker, C.","contributorId":80314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heliker","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sherrod, D. R.","contributorId":44559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kauahikaua, J. P.","contributorId":69992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mikijus, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":80431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikijus","given":"Asta","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Okubo, P. G. 0000-0002-0381-6051","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":95899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Trusdell, F. A.","contributorId":57471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Budahn, J. R. 0000-0001-9794-8882","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":83914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ridley, W.I.","contributorId":72122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Meeker, G.P.","contributorId":34539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70025349,"text":"70025349 - 2003 - Extension of EMA to address regional skew and low outliers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70025349","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Extension of EMA to address regional skew and low outliers","docAbstract":"The recently developed expected moments algorithm [EMA] (Cohn et al. 1997) does as well as MLEs at estimating LP3 flood quantiles using systematic and historical information. Needed extensions include use of a regional skewness estimator and its precision to be consistent with Bulletin 17B and to make use of such hydrologic information. Another issue addressed by Bulletin 17B is the treatment of low outliers. A Monte Carlo study illustrates the performance of an extended EMA estimator compared to estimators that employ the complete data set with and without use of regional skew, conditional probability adjustment from Bulletin 17B, and an estimator that uses probability plot regression to compute substitute values for low outliers. Estimators that use a regional skew all do better than estimators that fail to use an informative regional skewness estimator. For LP3 data, the low outlier rejection procedure results in no loss of overall accuracy, and the differences between the MSEs of the estimators that used an informative regional skew were generally negligible in the skew range of real interest.","largerWorkTitle":"World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceTitle":"World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2003","conferenceDate":"23 June 2003 through 26 June 2003","conferenceLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","language":"English","isbn":"0784406855","usgsCitation":"Griffis, V., Stedinger, J., and Cohn, T., 2003, Extension of EMA to address regional skew and low outliers, <i>in</i> World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Philadelphia, PA, 23 June 2003 through 26 June 2003, p. 1863-1872.","startPage":"1863","endPage":"1872","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e43e4b0c8380cd53390","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bizier, P.","contributorId":113211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bizier","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508817,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeBarry, P.","contributorId":111431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeBarry","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508816,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Griffis, V.W.","contributorId":29616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffis","given":"V.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stedinger, J.R.","contributorId":90733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stedinger","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohn, T.A.","contributorId":84789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025344,"text":"70025344 - 2003 - Global carbon sequestration in tidal, saline wetland soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-06T21:07:51.616223","indexId":"70025344","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global carbon sequestration in tidal, saline wetland soils","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wetlands represent the largest component of the terrestrial biological&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;pool and thus play an important role&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;</span>global<span>&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;cycles. Most&nbsp;</span>global<span>&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;budgets, however, have focused on dry land ecosystems that extend over large areas and have not accounted for the many small, scattered&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>-storing ecosystems such as&nbsp;</span>tidal<span>&nbsp;</span>saline<span>&nbsp;wetlands. We compiled data for 154 sites&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;mangroves and salt marshes from the western and eastern Atlantic and Pacific coasts, as well as the Indian Ocean, Mediterranean Ocean, and Gulf of Mexico. The set of sites spans a latitudinal range from 22.4°S&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the Indian Ocean to 55.5°N&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the northeastern Atlantic. The average&nbsp;</span>soil<span>&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;density of mangrove swamps (0.055 ± 0.004 g cm</span><sup>-3</sup><span>) is significantly higher than the salt marsh average (0.039 ± 0.003 g cm</span><sup>-3</sup><span>).&nbsp;</span>Soil<span>&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;density&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;mangrove swamps and Spartina patens marshes declines with increasing average annual temperature, probably due to increased decay rates at higher temperatures.&nbsp;</span>In<span>&nbsp;contrast,&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;</span>sequestration<span>&nbsp;rates were not significantly different between mangrove swamps and salt marshes. Variability&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;sediment accumulation rates within marshes is a major control of&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;</span>sequestration<span>&nbsp;rates masking any relationship with climatic parameters. Globally, these combined wetlands store at least 44.6 Tg C yr</span><sup>-1</sup><span>&nbsp;and probably more, as detailed areal inventories are not available for salt marshes&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;China and South America. Much attention has been given to the role of freshwater wetlands, particularly northern peatlands, as&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;sinks.&nbsp;</span>In<span>&nbsp;contrast to peatlands, salt marshes and mangroves release negligible amounts of greenhouse gases and store more&nbsp;</span>carbon<span>&nbsp;per unit area.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002gb001917","issn":"08866236","usgsCitation":"Chmura, G., Anisfeld, S., Cahoon, D.R., and Lynch, J., 2003, Global carbon sequestration in tidal, saline wetland soils: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 17, no. 4, 1111, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2002gb001917.","productDescription":"1111, 12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2002gb001917","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a293ae4b0c8380cd5a789","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chmura, G.L.","contributorId":70934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chmura","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anisfeld, S.C.","contributorId":36729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anisfeld","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":65424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lynch, J.C.","contributorId":25104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025350,"text":"70025350 - 2003 - Maximum slip in earthquake fault zones, apparent stress, and stick-slip friction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-26T16:37:05.226994","indexId":"70025350","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Maximum slip in earthquake fault zones, apparent stress, and stick-slip friction","docAbstract":"<p><span>The&nbsp;</span>maximum<span>&nbsp;</span>slip<span>, observed or inferred, for a small patch within the larger&nbsp;</span>fault<span>&nbsp;</span>zone<span>&nbsp;of an&nbsp;</span>earthquake<span>&nbsp;is a remarkably well-constrained function of the seismic moment. A large set of&nbsp;</span>maximum<span>&nbsp;slips, mostly derived from&nbsp;</span>slip<span>&nbsp;models of major earthquakes, indicate that this parameter increases according to the cube root of the seismic moment. Consistent with this finding, neither the average&nbsp;</span>slip<span>&nbsp;rate for the patches of&nbsp;</span>maximum<span>&nbsp;</span>slip<span>&nbsp;nor the&nbsp;</span>apparent<span>&nbsp;stresses of earthquakes show any systematic dependence on seismic moment.&nbsp;</span>Maximum<span>&nbsp;average&nbsp;</span>slip<span>&nbsp;rates are several meters per second independent of moment and, for earthquakes&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;continental crustal settings, the&nbsp;</span>apparent<span>&nbsp;</span>stress<span>&nbsp;is limited to about 10 MPa. Results from&nbsp;</span>stick<span>-</span>slip<span>&nbsp;</span>friction<span>&nbsp;experiments&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the laboratory, combined with information about the state of&nbsp;</span>stress<span>&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the crust, can be used to predict, quite closely, the&nbsp;</span>maximum<span>&nbsp;slips and&nbsp;</span>maximum<span>&nbsp;average&nbsp;</span>slip<span>&nbsp;rates within the&nbsp;</span>fault<span>&nbsp;</span>zones<span>&nbsp;of major earthquakes as well as their&nbsp;</span>apparent<span>&nbsp;stresses. These findings suggest that&nbsp;</span>stick<span>-</span>slip<span>&nbsp;</span>friction<span>&nbsp;events observed&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the laboratory and earthquakes&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;continental settings, even with large magnitudes, have similar rupture mechanisms.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120030037","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"McGarr, A., and Fletcher, J.B., 2003, Maximum slip in earthquake fault zones, apparent stress, and stick-slip friction: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 93, no. 6, p. 2355-2362, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120030037.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2355","endPage":"2362","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387424,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a52a1e4b0c8380cd6c57a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGarr, Art 0000-0001-9769-4093","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":43491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Art","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, Joe B.","contributorId":8850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025342,"text":"70025342 - 2003 - Debris-flow deposits and watershed erosion rates near southern Death Valley, CA, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-14T14:42:19.283233","indexId":"70025342","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Debris-flow deposits and watershed erosion rates near southern Death Valley, CA, United States","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International conference on debris-flow hazards mitigation: Mechanics, prediction, and assessment, proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"3rd International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment","conferenceDate":"September 10-13, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Davos, Switzerland","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, K., and Menges, C., 2003, Debris-flow deposits and watershed erosion rates near southern Death Valley, CA, United States, <i>in</i> International conference on debris-flow hazards mitigation: Mechanics, prediction, and assessment, proceedings, v. 1, Davos, Switzerland, September 10-13, 2003, p. 219-230.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"230","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235817,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.09168268833939,\n              36.57141032623183\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.09447107639252,\n              36.477298442956695\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.04149170338687,\n              36.34939216396741\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.08331752418069,\n              36.29772124377398\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.05822203170462,\n              36.250513534782485\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.08331752418069,\n              36.178523108597645\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.03033815117504,\n              36.01179174407274\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.92995618127,\n              35.923777556313595\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.93274456932278,\n              35.81757888385465\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.89649552463487,\n              35.63422191648942\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.71803868924775,\n              35.85374760212055\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.63996382376601,\n              35.801749885412974\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.59534961491906,\n              35.636488154900064\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.3527598543148,\n              35.64781838304155\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.46429536472772,\n              35.82888349694615\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.71525028949065,\n              36.03659863189414\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.74034578196708,\n              36.31120403372617\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.83236258771345,\n              36.432443150467606\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.724328973914,\n              36.53823008078409\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.80798061550166,\n              36.596457435703655\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.09168268833939,\n              36.57141032623183\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fdf7e4b0c8380cd4ea33","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rickenmann, D.","contributorId":303046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rickenmann","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866404,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Chiu-Lan","contributorId":100979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Chiu-Lan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866405,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, K. M. 0000-0003-2365-8035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-8035","contributorId":59830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"K. M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Menges, C.M.","contributorId":71200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Menges","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70197153,"text":"70197153 - 2003 - Geophysical setting of the Pahute Mesa - Oasis Valley region, southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-18T13:07:06","indexId":"70197153","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5690,"text":"Nevada Bureau Mines & Geology Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"50","title":"Geophysical setting of the Pahute Mesa - Oasis Valley region, southern Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology","usgsCitation":"Mankinen, E.A., Hildenbrand, T.G., Fridrich, C.J., McKee, E.H., and Schenkel, C.J., 2003, Geophysical setting of the Pahute Mesa - Oasis Valley region, southern Nevada: Nevada Bureau Mines & Geology Report 50, CD-ROM; 46 p.","productDescription":"CD-ROM; 46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":354319,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.nbmg.unr.edu/Geophys-Pahute-Mesa-CD-ROM-p/r050.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b158519e4b092d9651e2119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildenbrand, Thomas G.","contributorId":61787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fridrich, Christopher J. 0000-0003-2453-6478 fridrich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-6478","contributorId":1251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fridrich","given":"Christopher","email":"fridrich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":735842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schenkel, Clifford J.","contributorId":37370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenkel","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70025354,"text":"70025354 - 2003 - Debris-flow initiation from large, slow-moving landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-14T15:01:54.792982","indexId":"70025354","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Debris-flow initiation from large, slow-moving landslides","docAbstract":"<p>In some mountainous terrain, debris flows preferentially initiate from the toes and margins of larger, deeper, slower-moving landslides. During the wet winter of 1997, we began real-time monitoring of the large, active Cleveland Corral landslide complex in California, USA. When the main slide is actively moving, small, shallow, first-time slides on the toe and margins mobilize into debris flows and travel down adjacent gullies. We monitored the acceleration of one such failure; changes in velocity provided precursory indications of rapid failure. Three factors appear to aid the initiation of debris flows at this site: 1) locally steepened ground created by dynamic landslide movement, 2) elevated pore-water pressures and abundant soil moisture, and 3) locally cracked and dilated materials. This association between debris flows and large landslides can be widespread in some terrain. Detailed photographic mapping in two watersheds of northwestern California illustrates that the areal density of debris-flow source landsliding is about 3 to 7 times greater in steep geomorphically fresher landslide deposits than in steep ground outside landslide deposits.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"3rd International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment","conferenceDate":"September 10-12, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Davos, Switzerland","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Reid, M., Brien, D., LaHusen, R., Roering, J.J., de la Fuente, J., and Ellen, S.D., 2003, Debris-flow initiation from large, slow-moving landslides, <i>in</i> International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings, v. 1, Davos, Switzerland, September 10-12, 2003, p. 155-166.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"166","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236039,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cleveland Corral landslide complex","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.66736235084132,\n              39.041155544350374\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.66736235084132,\n              38.75927911380296\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.00909416998263,\n              38.75927911380296\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.00909416998263,\n              39.041155544350374\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.66736235084132,\n              39.041155544350374\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fdfbe4b0c8380cd4ea4d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rickenmann, D.","contributorId":303046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rickenmann","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866406,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Chiu-Lan","contributorId":100979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Chiu-Lan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866407,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Reid, M.E.","contributorId":108130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brien, D.L.","contributorId":43027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brien","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaHusen, R.G.","contributorId":105742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaHusen","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roering, J. J.","contributorId":22533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roering","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"de la Fuente, J.","contributorId":76922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de la Fuente","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ellen, S. D.","contributorId":12467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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