Geothermal waters in the earth’s subsurface boil with steam separation and may mix with dilute ground waters (that may or may not contain sulfuric acid from sulfur oxidation), resulting in a wide range of compositions when they discharge and emerge at the surface. As they discharge onto the ground surface they undergo evaporative cooling, degassing, oxidation, and mineral precipitation. Within this aquatic environment of rapidly changing physical and chemical parameters, numerous microbial communities develop—some of which affect oxidation and mineral precipitation. Microbes are responsible for rapid oxidation of iron and arsenic in thermal outflows, and for catalyzing the production of sulfuric acid from the oxidation of elemental sulfur. The attractive visual display of colors observed in Yellowstone’s geothermal waters reflects this interplay of physical, chemical, and biological phenomena.
Oxidation of dissolved sulfide to thiosulfate occurs abiotically, and thiosulfate can be found in many of Yellowstone’s thermal waters—at any pH, temperature, and composition. Polythionates, on the other hand, are rarely found in Yellowstone waters but are associated with sulfur hydrolysis in Cinder Pool. Oxidation rates of iron and arsenic in overflows have been estimated at 1-3 mM/h and 0.04-0.1 mM/h, respectively—orders of magnitude faster than the abiotic rate. The abiotic production of thiosulfate from oxidation of dissolved sulfi de at Angel Terrace and Ojo Caliente is about 3-30 µM/min, faster by 2-3 orders of magnitude than the laboratory rate at 25°C. The partitioning of dissolved sulfide between that volatilized to the air and that oxidized to thiosulfate has been estimated at Angel Terrace and at Ojo Caliente. For the pH range of 6-8 and the temperature range of 50-93°C, 67-86% of the dissolved sulfide is lost to the atmosphere and 10-33% is oxidized to thiosulfate. Only a very small percentage, if any, forms elemental sulfur under these conditions.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotopes in the water cycle","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-3023-1_5","usgsCitation":"Michel, R.L., 2005, Tritium in the hydrologic cycle, chap. 5 of Isotopes in the water cycle, p. 53-66, https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3023-1_5.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"66","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409455,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Aggarwal, Pradeep K.","contributorId":190130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aggarwal","given":"Pradeep","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857291,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gat, Joel R.","contributorId":190595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gat","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857292,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Froehlich, Klaus F.O.","contributorId":207864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Froehlich","given":"Klaus","email":"","middleInitial":"F.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857293,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Michel, R. L.","contributorId":86375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70211061,"text":"70211061 - 2005 - Electrical conductivity images of active and fossil fault zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-13T14:49:23.805094","indexId":"70211061","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T09:35:52","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5011,"text":"Geological Society of London Special Publications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electrical conductivity images of active and fossil fault zones","docAbstract":"We compare recent magnetotelluric investigations of four large fault systems: (i) the actively deforming, ocean-continent interplate San Andreas Fault (SAF); (ii) the actively deforming, continent-continent interplate Dead Sea Transform (DST); (iii) the currently inactive, trench-linked intraplate West Fault (WF) in northern Chile; and (iv) the Waterberg Fault/Omaruru Lineament (WF/OL) in Namibia, a fossilized intraplate shear zone formed during early Proterozoic continental collision. These fault zones show both similarities and marked differences in their electrical subsurface structure. The central segment of the SAF is characterized by a zone of high conductivity extending to a depth of several kilometres and attributed to fluids within a highly fractured damage zone. The WF exhibits a less pronounced but similar fault-zone conductor (FZC) that can be explained by meteoric waters entering the fault zone. The DST appears different as it shows a distinct lack of a FZC and seems to act primarily as an impermeable barrier to cross-fault fluid transport. Differences in the electrical structure of these faults within the upper crust may be linked to the degree of deformation localization within the fault zone. At the DST, with no observable fault-zone conductor, strain may have been localized for a considerable time span along a narrow, metre-scale damage zone with a sustained strength difference between the shear plane and the surrounding host rock. In the case of the SAF, a positive correlation of conductance and fault activity is observed, with more active fault segments associated with wider, deeper and more conductive fault-zone anomalies. Fault-zone conductors, however, do not uniquely identify specific architectural or hydrological units of a fault. A more comprehensive whole-fault picture for the brittle crust can be developed in combination with seismicity and structural information. Giving a window into lower-crustal shear zones, the fossil WF/OL in Namibia is imaged as a subvertical, 14 km-deep, 10 km-wide zone of high and anisotropic conductivity. The present level of exhumation suggests that the WF/OL penetrated the entire crust as a relatively narrow shear zone. Contrary to the fluid-driven conductivity anomalies of active faults, the anomaly here is attributed to graphitic enrichment along former shear planes. Once created, graphite is stable over very long time spans and thus fault/shear zones may remain conductive long after activity ceases.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotopes in the water cycle: Past, present and future of a developing science","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-3023-1_14","usgsCitation":"Plummer, L., 2005, Dating of young groundwater, chap. of Isotopes in the water cycle: Past, present and future of a developing science, p. 193-218, https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3023-1_14.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"218","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356495,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c7c3e4b0702d0e8465ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, L.N.","contributorId":206803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plummer","given":"L.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70198942,"text":"70198942 - 2005 - Unsaturated zone flow processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T14:58:21.317201","indexId":"70198942","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T09:31:28","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Unsaturated zone flow processes","docAbstract":"Water flow in the unsaturated zone is greatly influenced by unsaturated hydrostatics (water content, energy, pressure, and retention) and by unsaturated hydrodynamics (diffuse flow and preferential flow). Important multiphase processes include the transport of gases, nonaqueous liquids, and solid particles. Numerous means are available for determination of unsaturated conditions and properties, both measurement (of moisture state, water retention, and dynamic characteristics) and through various formulas and models that are mostly empirical in nature, but in some cases incorporating insight into unsaturated‐zone physical processes. Applications to practical problems include models and techniques relating to distributions of water and energy, fluxes at the land surface, inputs, outputs, and fluxes within the unsaturated zone, all of which are frequently complicated by heterogeneity and preferential flow. Further scientific advance requires new measurement techniques and theoretical constructs that more adequately represent the important physical processes within practical modeling schemes.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of hydrological sciences, part 13, groundwater","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Chichester","doi":"10.1002/0470848944.hsa161","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., 2005, Unsaturated zone flow processes, chap. of Encyclopedia of hydrological sciences, part 13, groundwater, v. 4, p. 2299-2322, https://doi.org/10.1002/0470848944.hsa161.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"2299","endPage":"2322","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356771,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c7c3e4b0702d0e8465d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199349,"text":"70199349 - 2005 - Geothermal systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T15:27:08.52828","indexId":"70199349","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T09:09:13","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geothermal systems","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotopes in the water cycle: Past, present, and future of a developing science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-3023-1_16","usgsCitation":"Kharaka, Y.K., and Mariner, R.H., 2005, Geothermal systems, chap. of Isotopes in the water cycle: Past, present, and future of a developing science, p. 243-270, https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3023-1_16.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"270","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357314,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10e419e4b034bf6a7ff3be","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Aggarwal, P.","contributorId":14650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aggarwal","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744994,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gat, Joel R.","contributorId":190595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gat","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744995,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Froehlich, Klaus F.O.","contributorId":207864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Froehlich","given":"Klaus","email":"","middleInitial":"F.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744996,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Kharaka, Yousif K. 0000-0001-9861-8260 ykharaka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-8260","contributorId":1928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Yousif","email":"ykharaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H. rmariner@usgs.gov","contributorId":3290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"rmariner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":744993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199348,"text":"70199348 - 2005 - Modeling ground-water flow and quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T09:06:05","indexId":"70199348","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T09:04:51","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Modeling ground-water flow and quality","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Essentials of medical geology","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., and Glynn, P.D., 2005, Modeling ground-water flow and quality, chap. of Essentials of medical geology, p. 737-765.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"737","endPage":"765","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10e419e4b034bf6a7ff3c0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Selinus, O.","contributorId":81767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selinus","given":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744991,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glynn, Pierre D. 0000-0001-8804-7003 pglynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7003","contributorId":2141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"Pierre","email":"pglynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199346,"text":"70199346 - 2005 - Aquifer recharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T08:59:46","indexId":"70199346","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T08:57:22","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Aquifer recharge","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of hydrological science: Part 13, groundwater","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Chichester, UK","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., Healy, R.W., and Stonestrom, D.A., 2005, Aquifer recharge, chap. of Encyclopedia of hydrological science: Part 13, groundwater, p. 2229-2246.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2229","endPage":"2246","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10e419e4b034bf6a7ff3c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199345,"text":"70199345 - 2005 - Genus sulfurospirillum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T08:47:00","indexId":"70199345","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T08:42:33","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Genus sulfurospirillum","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology part two: The proteobacteria","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York","isbn":"978-0-387-29299-1","usgsCitation":"Stolz, J., Oremland, R.S., Paster, B., Dewhirst, F., and Vandamme, P., 2005, Genus sulfurospirillum, chap. of Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology part two: The proteobacteria, p. 1165-1168.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1165","endPage":"1168","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10e419e4b034bf6a7ff3c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stolz, J.F.","contributorId":94022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolz","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paster, B.J.","contributorId":207857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paster","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dewhirst, F.E.","contributorId":207858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dewhirst","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vandamme, P.","contributorId":207859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vandamme","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70184412,"text":"70184412 - 2005 - Geochemical controls on microbial nitrate-dependent U(IV) oxidation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T13:44:55","indexId":"70184412","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1800,"text":"Geomicrobiology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical controls on microbial nitrate-dependent U(IV) oxidation","docAbstract":"After reductive immobilization of uranium, the element may be oxidized and remobilized in the presence of nitrate by the activity of dissimilatory nitrate-reducing bacteria. We examined controls on microbially mediated nitrate-dependent U(IV) oxidation in landfill leachate-impacted subsurface sediments. Nitrate-dependent U(IV)-oxidizing bacteria were at least two orders of magnitude less numerous in these sediments than glucose- or Fe(II)-oxidizing nitrate-reducing bacteria and grew more slowly than the latter organisms, suggesting that U(IV) is ultimately oxidized by Fe(III) produced by nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria or by oxidation of Fe(II) by nitrite that accumulates during organotrophic dissimilatory nitrate reduction. We examined the effect of nitrate and reductant concentration on nitrate-dependent U(IV) oxidation in sediment incubations and used the initial reductive capacity (RDC = [reducing equivalents] - [oxidizing equivalents]) of the incubations as a unified measurement of the nitrate or reductant concentration. When we lowered the RDC with progressively higher nitrate concentrations, we observed a corresponding increase in the extent of U(IV) oxidation, but did not observe this relationship between RDC and U(IV) oxidation rate, especially when RDC > 0, suggesting that nitrate concentration strongly controls the extent, but not the rate of nitrate-dependent U(IV) oxidation. On the other hand, when we raised the RDC in sediment incubations with progressively higher reductant (acetate, sulfide, soluble Fe(II), or FeS) concentrations, we observed progressively lower extents and rates of nitrate-dependent U(IV) oxidation. Acetate was a relatively poor inhibitor of nitrate-dependent U(IV) oxidation, while Fe(II) was the most effective inhibitor. Based on these results, we propose that it may be possible to predict the stability of U(IV) in a bioremediated aquifer based on the geochemical characteristics of that aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01490450500248911","usgsCitation":"Senko, J.M., Suflita, J.M., and Krumholz, L.R., 2005, Geochemical controls on microbial nitrate-dependent U(IV) oxidation: Geomicrobiology Journal, v. 22, no. 7-8, p. 371-378, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450500248911.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"371","endPage":"378","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12640e4b014cc3a3d34d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senko, John M.","contributorId":187692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Senko","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Suflita, Joseph M.","contributorId":187604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suflita","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krumholz, Lee R.","contributorId":187679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krumholz","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70184391,"text":"70184391 - 2005 - A method adapting microarray technology for signature tagged mutagenesis of Dusulfovibrio dusulfuricans G20 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in anaerobic sediment survival experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T12:23:55","indexId":"70184391","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method adapting microarray technology for signature tagged mutagenesis of Dusulfovibrio dusulfuricans G20 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in anaerobic sediment survival experiments","docAbstract":"Signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM) is a powerful technique that can be used to identify genes expressed by bacteria during exposure to conditions in their natural environments. To date, there have been no reports of studies in which this approach was used to study organisms of environmental, rather than pathogenic, significance. We used a mini-Tn10 transposon-bearing plasmid, pBSL180, that efficiently and randomly mutagenized Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20 in addition to Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Using these organisms as model sediment-dwelling anaerobic bacteria, we developed a new screening system, modified from former STM procedures, to identify genes that are critical for sediment survival. The screening system uses microarray technology to visualize tags from input and output pools, allowing us to identify those lost during sediment incubations. While the majority of data on survival genes identified will be presented in future papers, we report here on chemotaxis-related genes identified by our STM method in both bacteria in order to validate our method. This system may be applicable to the study of numerous environmental bacteria, allowing us to identify functions and roles of survival genes in various habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.71.11.7064-7074.2005","usgsCitation":"Groh, J.L., Luo, Q., Ballard, J.D., and Krumholz, L.R., 2005, A method adapting microarray technology for signature tagged mutagenesis of Dusulfovibrio dusulfuricans G20 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in anaerobic sediment survival experiments: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 71, no. 11, p. 7064-7074, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.11.7064-7074.2005.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"7064","endPage":"7074","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478068,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1287673","text":"External Repository"},{"id":337068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12641e4b014cc3a3d34dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groh, Jennifer L.","contributorId":187676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groh","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luo, Qingwei","contributorId":187677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luo","given":"Qingwei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballard, Jimmy D.","contributorId":187678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballard","given":"Jimmy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krumholz, Lee R.","contributorId":187679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krumholz","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188284,"text":"70188284 - 2005 - Use of isotopes, age-dating, and numerical simulation to evaluate source histories and transport of NO3- to public supply wells in principal aquifers of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-10T16:16:18","indexId":"70188284","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of isotopes, age-dating, and numerical simulation to evaluate source histories and transport of NO3- to public supply wells in principal aquifers of the United States","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Applied Isotope Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","usgsCitation":"McMahon, P., Bohlke, J., Brown, C., Burow, K., Crandall, C.A., and Landon, M.K., 2005, Use of isotopes, age-dating, and numerical simulation to evaluate source histories and transport of NO3- to public supply wells in principal aquifers of the United States, in Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Applied Isotope Geochemistry, p. 157-158.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"158","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342104,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59366daee4b0f6c2d0d7d652","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, P.B. 0000-0001-7452-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":10762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, C.","contributorId":21484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burow, K.","contributorId":75306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crandall, C. A.","contributorId":93943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crandall","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Landon, Matthew K. 0000-0002-5766-0494 landon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"Matthew","email":"landon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70184419,"text":"70184419 - 2005 - A direct immunoassay for detecting diatoms in groundwater as an indicator of the direct influence of surface water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-18T16:41:40.526228","indexId":"70184419","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2170,"text":"Journal of Applied Phycology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A direct immunoassay for detecting diatoms in groundwater as an indicator of the direct influence of surface water","docAbstract":"Groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDISW) is of concern in communities where growing public demand on groundwater resources has resulted in increased withdrawals and hydraulic stress near surface water bodies. Under these conditions, contaminants such as methyl-tert butyl ether (MTBE) and biological materials have been detected in domestic wells. Other contaminants and pathogens associated with surface water are not routinely tested for in groundwater-supplied systems. To address the need for methods to easily identify potentially vulnerable supplies, a direct immunoassay for the quantitative detection of diatoms in raw water samples was developed as a measure of surface water influence on groundwater. Cell wall preparations from Nitzschia palea Kützing, a freshwater diatom found throughout North America, were used to produce a polyclonal antibody that was applied in a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed to detect the presence of N. palea cell wall components. The direct immunoassay allows detection at 500 cells L−1, a level similar to diatom concentrations observed in samples of groundwater collected near the test site. This investigation was the first attempt to utilize an ELISA as an indicator of surface water influence on groundwater. Further research is needed to develop more specific diatom-based monoclonal antibodies, determine cross-reactivity, and optimize sample processing and ELISA procedures for development of a standardized method.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10811-005-4848-5","usgsCitation":"Walker, C.E., Schrock, R., Reilly, T.J., and Baehr, A.L., 2005, A direct immunoassay for detecting diatoms in groundwater as an indicator of the direct influence of surface water: Journal of Applied Phycology, v. 17, no. 1, p. 81-90, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-005-4848-5.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"90","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337109,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12640e4b014cc3a3d34ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, C. E.","contributorId":43168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schrock, R. M.","contributorId":27218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schrock","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reilly, T. J.","contributorId":77400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baehr, A. L.","contributorId":59831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70184385,"text":"70184385 - 2005 - Pacific volcanoes, mercury contaminated fish, and polynesian taboos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:48:57","indexId":"70184385","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1257,"text":"Clinical Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pacific volcanoes, mercury contaminated fish, and polynesian taboos","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1081/CLT-200068868","usgsCitation":"Dellinger, J., Hudson, J., Krabbenhoft, D., and Hinano Murphy, M., 2005, Pacific volcanoes, mercury contaminated fish, and polynesian taboos: Clinical Toxicology, v. 43, no. 6, p. 595-595, https://doi.org/10.1081/CLT-200068868.","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"595","endPage":"595","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1081/clt-200068868","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12641e4b014cc3a3d34de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dellinger, John","contributorId":187671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dellinger","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, Jean","contributorId":187672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David","contributorId":92538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hinano Murphy, M.E.","contributorId":187670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinano Murphy","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70184381,"text":"70184381 - 2005 - Biodegradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine in soil from a water reclamation facility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T11:46:10","indexId":"70184381","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1042,"text":"Bioremediation Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biodegradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine in soil from a water reclamation facility","docAbstract":"The potential introduction of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) into groundwater during water reclamation activities poses a significant risk to groundwater drinking supplies. Greater than 54% biodegradation of N-[methyl-14C]NDMA to 14CO2 or to 14CO2 and 14CH4 was observed in soil from a water reclamation facility under oxic or anoxic conditions, respectively. Likewise, biodegradation was significant in microcosms containing soil with no history of NDMA contamination. These results indicate that aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of NDMA may be an effective component of NDMA attenuation in water reclamation facility soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10889860500276607","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., Carr, S.A., Baird, R.B., and Chapelle, F.H., 2005, Biodegradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine in soil from a water reclamation facility: Bioremediation Journal, v. 9, no. 2, p. 115-120, https://doi.org/10.1080/10889860500276607.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"115","endPage":"120","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12641e4b014cc3a3d34e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, Steve A.","contributorId":187667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baird, Rodger B.","contributorId":187668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baird","given":"Rodger","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70184411,"text":"70184411 - 2005 - Role for Fe(III) minerals in nitrate-dependent microbial U(IV) oxidation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:31:13","indexId":"70184411","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role for Fe(III) minerals in nitrate-dependent microbial U(IV) oxidation","docAbstract":"Microbiological reduction of soluble U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) is a means of preventing the migration of that element in groundwater, but the presence of nitrate in U(IV)-containing sediments leads to U(IV) oxidation and remobilizaton. Nitrite or iron(III) oxyhydroxides may oxidize U(IV) under nitrate-reducing conditions, and we determined the rate and extent of U(IV) oxidation by these compounds. Fe(III) oxidized U(IV) at a greater rate than nitrite (130 and 10 μM U(IV)/day, respectively). In aquifer sediments, Fe(III) may be produced during microbial nitrate reduction by oxidation of Fe(II) with nitrite, or by enzymatic Fe(II) oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction. To determine which of these mechanisms was dominant, we isolated a nitrate-dependent acetate- and Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterium from a U(VI)- and nitrate-contaminated aquifer. This organism oxidized U(IV) at a greater rate and to a greater extent under acetate-oxidizing (where nitrite accumulated to 50 mM) than under Fe(II)-oxidizing conditions. We show that the observed differences in rate and extent of U(IV) oxidation are due to mineralogical differences between Fe(III) produced by reaction of Fe(II) with nitrite (amorphous) and Fe(III) produced enzymatically (goethite or lepidocrocite). Our results suggest the mineralogy and surface area of Fe(III) minerals produced under nitrate-reducing conditions affect the rate and extent of U(IV) oxidation. These results may be useful for predicting the stability of U(IV) in aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es048906i","usgsCitation":"Senko, J.M., Mohamed, Y., Dewers, T.A., and Krumholz, L.R., 2005, Role for Fe(III) minerals in nitrate-dependent microbial U(IV) oxidation: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 8, p. 2529-2536, https://doi.org/10.1021/es048906i.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"2529","endPage":"2536","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12640e4b014cc3a3d34d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senko, John M.","contributorId":187692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Senko","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mohamed, Yasser","contributorId":187694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mohamed","given":"Yasser","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dewers, Thomas A.","contributorId":187693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dewers","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krumholz, Lee R.","contributorId":187679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krumholz","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70184398,"text":"70184398 - 2005 - Microbial biogeochemistry of uranium mill tailings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T08:59:57","indexId":"70184398","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5311,"text":"Advances in Applied Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial biogeochemistry of uranium mill tailings","docAbstract":"Uranium mill tailings (UMT) are the crushed ore residues from the extraction of uranium (U) from ores. Among the radioactive wastes associated with the nuclear fuel cycle, UMT are unique in terms of their volume and their limited isolation from the surficial environment. For this latter reason, their management and long-term fate has many interfaces with environmental microbial communities and processes. The interactions of microorganisms with UMT have been shown to be diverse and with significant consequences for radionuclide mobility and bioremediation. These radionuclides are associated with the U-decay series. The addition of organic carbon and phosphate is required to initiate the reduction of the U present in the groundwater down gradient of the mills. Investigations on sediment and water from the U-contaminated aquifer, indicates that the addition of a carbon source stimulates the rate of U removal by microbial reduction. Moreover, most attention with respect to passive or engineered removal of U from groundwaters focuses on iron-reducing and sulfate-reducing bacteria.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0065-2164(05)57004-7","usgsCitation":"Landa, E.R., 2005, Microbial biogeochemistry of uranium mill tailings: Advances in Applied Microbiology, v. 57, p. 113-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2164(05)57004-7.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"113","endPage":"130","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12641e4b014cc3a3d34da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landa, Edward R. erlanda@usgs.gov","contributorId":2112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"Edward","email":"erlanda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":681319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70184401,"text":"70184401 - 2005 - Why is metal bioaccumulation so variable? Biodynamics as a unifying concept","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T14:05:51","indexId":"70184401","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why is metal bioaccumulation so variable? Biodynamics as a unifying concept","docAbstract":"Ecological risks from metal contaminants are difficult to document because responses differ among species, threats differ among metals, and environmental influences are complex. Unifying concepts are needed to better tie together such complexities. Here we suggest that a biologically based conceptualization, the biodynamic model, provides the necessary unification for a key aspect in risk: metal bioaccumulation (internal exposure). The model is mechanistically based, but empirically considers geochemical influences, biological differences, and differences among metals. Forecasts from the model agree closely with observations from nature, validating its basic assumptions. The biodynamic metal bioaccumulation model combines targeted, high-quality geochemical analyses from a site of interest with parametrization of key physiological constants for a species from that site. The physiological parameters include metal influx rates from water, influx rates from food, rate constants of loss, and growth rates (when high). We compiled results from 15 publications that forecast species-specific bioaccumulation, and compare the forecasts to bioaccumulation data from the field. These data consider concentrations that cover 7 orders of magnitude. They include 7 metals and 14 species of animals from 3 phyla and 11 marine, estuarine, and freshwater environments. The coefficient of determination (R2) between forecasts and independently observed bioaccumulation from the field was 0.98. Most forecasts agreed with observations within 2-fold. The agreement suggests that the basic assumptions of the biodynamic model are tenable. A unified explanation of metal bioaccumulation sets the stage for a realistic understanding of toxicity and ecological effects of metals in nature.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es048947e","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S.N., and Rainbow, P.S., 2005, Why is metal bioaccumulation so variable? Biodynamics as a unifying concept: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 7, p. 1921-1931, https://doi.org/10.1021/es048947e.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"1921","endPage":"1931","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12641e4b014cc3a3d34d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rainbow, Philip S.","contributorId":83025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rainbow","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70184402,"text":"70184402 - 2005 - Modeling tritium transport through a deep unsaturated zone in an arid environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T08:20:08","indexId":"70184402","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling tritium transport through a deep unsaturated zone in an arid environment","docAbstract":"Understanding transport of tritium (3H) in unsaturated zones is critical to evaluating options for waste isolation. Tritium typically is a large component of low-level radioactive waste (LLRW). Studies at the U.S. Geological Survey's Amargosa Desert Research Site (ADRS) in Nevada investigate 3H transport from a closed LLRW facility. Two boreholes are 100 and 160 m from the nearest waste trench and extend to the water table at 110 m. Soil-water vapor samples from the deep boreholes show elevated levels of 3H at all depths. The objectives of this study were to (i) test source thermal and gas-advection mechanisms driving 3H transport and (ii) evaluate model sensitivity to these mechanisms and to selected physical and hydraulic properties including porosity, tortuosity, and anisotropy. A two-dimensional numerical model incorporated a non-isothermal, heterogeneous domain of the unsaturated zone and instantaneous isotopic equilibrium. The TOUGH2 code was used; however, it required modification to account for temperature dependence of both the Henry's law equilibrium constant and isotopic fractionation with respect to tritiated water. Increases in source temperature, pressure, and porosity enhanced 3H migration, but failed to match measured 3H distributions. All anisotropic simulations with a source pressure component resembled, in shape, the upper portion of the 3H distribution of the nearest borehole. Isotopic equilibrium limited migration of 3H, while effects of radioactive decay were negligible. A 500 Pa pressure increase above ambient pressure in conjunction with a high degree of anisotropy (1:100) was necessary for simulated 3H transport to reach the nearest borehole.
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/vzj2004.0179","usgsCitation":"Mayers, C., Andraski, B.J., Cooper, C., Wheatcraft, S., Stonestrom, D.A., and Michel, R.L., 2005, Modeling tritium transport through a deep unsaturated zone in an arid environment: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 4, no. 4, p. 967-976, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2004.0179.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"967","endPage":"976","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337083,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12641e4b014cc3a3d34d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mayers, C.J.","contributorId":17410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayers","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 andraski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-0417","contributorId":168800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andraski","given":"Brian","email":"andraski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, C.A.","contributorId":67316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wheatcraft, S.W.","contributorId":15427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheatcraft","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Michel, R. L.","contributorId":86375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70027660,"text":"70027660 - 2005 - Modeling and measuring the nocturnal drainage flow in a high-elevation, subalpine forest with complex terrain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T08:26:22","indexId":"70027660","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling and measuring the nocturnal drainage flow in a high-elevation, subalpine forest with complex terrain","docAbstract":"The nocturnal drainage flow of air causes significant uncertainty in ecosystem CO2, H2O, and energy budgets determined with the eddy covariance measurement approach. In this study, we examined the magnitude, nature, and dynamics of the nocturnal drainage flow in a subalpine forest ecosystem with complex terrain. We used an experimental approach involving four towers, each with vertical profiling of wind speed to measure the magnitude of drainage flows and dynamics in their occurrence. We developed an analytical drainage flow model, constrained with measurements of canopy structure and SF6 diffusion, to help us interpret the tower profile results. Model predictions were in good agreement with observed profiles of wind speed, leaf area density, and wind drag coefficient. Using theory, we showed that this one‐dimensional model is reduced to the widely used exponential wind profile model under conditions where vertical leaf area density and drag coefficient are uniformly distributed. We used the model for stability analysis, which predicted the presence of a very stable layer near the height of maximum leaf area density. This stable layer acts as a flow impediment, minimizing vertical dispersion between the subcanopy air space and the atmosphere above the canopy. The prediction is consistent with the results of SF6 diffusion observations that showed minimal vertical dispersion of nighttime, subcanopy drainage flows. The stable within‐canopy air layer coincided with the height of maximum wake‐to‐shear production ratio. We concluded that nighttime drainage flows are restricted to a relatively shallow layer of air beneath the canopy, with little vertical mixing across a relatively long horizontal fetch. Insight into the horizontal and vertical structure of the drainage flow is crucial for understanding the magnitude and dynamics of the mean advective CO2 flux that becomes significant during stable nighttime conditions and are typically missed during measurement of the turbulent CO2 flux. The model and interpretation provided in this study should lead to research strategies for the measurement of these advective fluxes and their inclusion in the overall mass balance for CO2 at this site with complex terrain.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2005JD006282","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Yi, C., Monson, R.K., Zhai, Z., Anderson, D., Lamb, B., Allwine, G., Turnipseed, A., and Burns, S.P., 2005, Modeling and measuring the nocturnal drainage flow in a high-elevation, subalpine forest with complex terrain: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 110, no. 22, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006282.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477854,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jd006282","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211091,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006282"}],"volume":"110","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bd7e4b0c8380cd6f842","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yi, C.","contributorId":62039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yi","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monson, Russell K.","contributorId":48136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhai, Z.","contributorId":24189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhai","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, D.E.","contributorId":47320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamb, B.","contributorId":17058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Allwine, G.","contributorId":52462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allwine","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Turnipseed, A.A.","contributorId":23726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnipseed","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Burns, Sean P.","contributorId":98921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70028782,"text":"70028782 - 2005 - Population dynamics of wetland fishes: Spatio-temporal patterns synchronized by hydrological disturbance?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028782","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population dynamics of wetland fishes: Spatio-temporal patterns synchronized by hydrological disturbance?","docAbstract":"1. Drought is a natural disturbance that can cause widespread mortality of aquatic organisms in wetlands. We hypothesized that seasonal drying of marsh surfaces (i.e. hydrological disturbance) shapes spatio-temporal patterns of fish populations. 2. We tested whether population dynamics of fishes were synchronized by hydrological disturbance (Moran effect) or distance separating study sites (dispersal). Spatio-temporal patterns were examined in local populations of five abundant species at 17 sites (sampled five times per year from 1996 to 2001) in a large oligotrophic wetland. 3. Fish densities differed significantly across spatio-temporal scales for all species. For all species except eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), a significant portion of spatio-temporal variation in density was attributed to drying events (used as a covariate). 4. We observed three patterns of response to hydrological disturbance. Densities of bluefin killifish (Lucania goodei), least killifish (Heterandria formosa), and golden top-minnow (Fundulus chrysotus) were usually lowest after a dry down and recovered slowly. Eastern mosquitofish showed no distinct response to marsh drying (i.e. they recovered quickly). Flagfish (Jordanella floridae) density was often highest after a dry down and then declined. Population growth after a dry down was often asymptotic for bluefin killifish and golden topminnow, with greatest asymptotic density and longest time to recovery at sites that dried infrequently. 5. Fish population dynamics were synchronized by hydrological disturbance (independent of distance) and distance separating study sites (independent of hydrological disturbance). Our ability to separate the relative importance of the Moran effect from dispersal was strengthened by a weak association between hydrological synchrony and distance among study sites. Dispersal was the primary mechanism for synchronous population dynamics of flagfish, whereas hydrological disturbance was the primary mechanism for synchronous population dynamics of the other species examined. 6. Species varied in the relative role of the Moran effect and dispersal in homogenizing their population dynamics, probably as a function of life history and ability to exploit dry-season refugia. ?? 2005 British Ecological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Animal Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00926.x","issn":"00218790","usgsCitation":"Ruetz, C.R., Trexler, J., Jordan, F., Loftus, W., and Perry, S., 2005, Population dynamics of wetland fishes: Spatio-temporal patterns synchronized by hydrological disturbance?: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 74, no. 2, p. 322-332, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00926.x.","startPage":"322","endPage":"332","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477946,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00926.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209796,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00926.x"},{"id":236513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d5be4b0c8380cd79ece","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruetz, Carl R. III","contributorId":62765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruetz","given":"Carl","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trexler, J.C.","contributorId":23108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trexler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, F.","contributorId":80622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loftus, W.F.","contributorId":29363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftus","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perry, S.A.","contributorId":50113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70028790,"text":"70028790 - 2005 - Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028790","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA","docAbstract":"The physical factors controlling total mercury (HgT) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in lakes and streams of northeastern USA were assessed in a regional data set containing 693 HgT and 385 corresponding MeHg concentrations in surface waters. Multiple regression models using watershed characteristics and climatic variables explained 38% or less of the variance in HgT and MeHg. Land cover percentages and soil permeability generally provided modest predictive power. Percent wetlands alone explained 19% of the variance in MeHg in streams at low-flow, and it was the only significant (p < 0.02) predictor for MeHg in lakes, albeit explaining only 7% of the variance. When stream discharge was added as a variable it became the dominant predictor for HgT in streams, improving the model r 2 from 0.19 to 0.38. Stream discharge improved the MeHg model more modestly, from r 2 of 0.25 to 0.33. Methylation efficiency (MeHg/HgT) was modeled well (r 2 of 0.78) when a seasonal term was incorporated (sine wave with annual period). Physical models explained 18% of the variance in fish Hg concentrations in 134 lakes and 55% in 20 reservoirs. Our results highlight the important role of seasonality and short-term hydrologic changes to the delivery of Hg to water bodies. ?? 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z","issn":"09639292","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Kamman, N., Clair, T., and Chalmers, A., 2005, Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA: Ecotoxicology, v. 14, no. 1-2, p. 125-134, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z.","startPage":"125","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209872,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z"},{"id":236615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7aa4e4b0c8380cd78ffc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, J. B.","contributorId":52226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kamman, N.C.","contributorId":51079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamman","given":"N.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clair, T.A.","contributorId":84529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clair","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chalmers, A.","contributorId":96858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalmers","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028791,"text":"70028791 - 2005 - The soil physics contributions of Edgar Buckingham","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T10:12:53","indexId":"70028791","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The soil physics contributions of Edgar Buckingham","docAbstract":"During 1902 to 1906 as a soil physicist at the USDA Bureau of Soils (BOS), Edgar Buckingham originated the concepts of matric potential, soil–water retention curves, specific water capacity, and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K) as a distinct property of a soil. He applied a formula equivalent to Darcy's law (though without specific mention of Darcy's work) to unsaturated flow. He also contributed significant research on quasi-empirical formulas for Kas a function of water content, water flow in capillary crevices and in thin films, and scaling. Buckingham's work on gas flow in soils produced paradigms that are consistent with our current understanding. His work on evaporation elucidated the concept of self-mulching and produced sound and sometimes paradoxical generalizations concerning conditions that favor or retard evaporation. Largely overshadowing those achievements, however, is that he launched a theory, still accepted today, that could predict transient water content as a function of time and space. Recently discovered documents reveal some of the arguments Buckingham had with BOS officials, including the text of a two-paragraph conclusion of his famous 1907 report on soil water, and the official letter documenting rejection of that text. Strained interpersonal relations motivated the departure of Buckingham and other brilliant physicists (N.E. Dorsey, F.H. King, and Lyman Briggs) from the BOS during 1903 to 1906. Given that Buckingham and his BOS colleagues had been rapidly developing the means of quantifying unsaturated flow, these strained relations probably slowed the advancement of unsaturated flow theory.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2005.0328","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J., and Landa, E.R., 2005, The soil physics contributions of Edgar Buckingham: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 69, no. 2, p. 328-342, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2005.0328.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"328","endPage":"342","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb03ce4b08c986b324d02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, J. R. 0000-0001-8191-1727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":58304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landa, E. R.","contributorId":100002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70184409,"text":"70184409 - 2005 - Biogeochemical controls on diel cycling of stable isotopes of dissolved 02 and dissolved inorganic carbon in the Big Hole River, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:30:52","indexId":"70184409","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogeochemical controls on diel cycling of stable isotopes of dissolved 02 and dissolved inorganic carbon in the Big Hole River, Montana","docAbstract":"Rivers with high biological productivity typically show substantial increases in pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration during the day and decreases at night, in response to changes in the relative rates of aquatic photosynthesis and respiration. These changes, coupled with temperature variations, may impart diel (24-h) fluctuations in the concentration of trace metals, nutrients, and other chemical species. A better understanding of diel processes in rivers is needed and will lead to improved methods of data collection for both monitoring and research purposes. Previous studies have used stable isotopes of dissolved oxygen (DO) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as tracers of geochemical and biological processes in streams, lakes, and marine systems. Although seasonal variation in δ18O of DO in rivers and lakes has been documented, no study has investigated diel changes in this parameter. Here, we demonstrate large (up to 13‰) cycles in δ18O-DO for two late summer sampling periods in the Big Hole River of southwest Montana and illustrate that these changes are correlated to variations in the DO concentration, the C-isotopic composition of DIC, and the primary productivity of the system. The magnitude of the diel cycle in δ18O-DO was greater in August versus September because of the longer photoperiod and warmer water temperatures. This study provides another biogeochemical tool for investigating the O2 and C budgets in rivers and may also be applicable to lake and groundwater systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es0505595","usgsCitation":"Parker, S.R., Poulson, S.R., Gammons, C.H., and DeGrandpre, M.D., 2005, Biogeochemical controls on diel cycling of stable isotopes of dissolved 02 and dissolved inorganic carbon in the Big Hole River, Montana: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 18, p. 7134-7140, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0505595.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"7134","endPage":"7140","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana ","otherGeospatial":"Big Hole River ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.35992431640625,\n 45.57944511437787\n ],\n [\n -112.5933837890625,\n 45.47265128615832\n ],\n [\n -112.73895263671874,\n 45.786679041363726\n ],\n [\n -113.05618286132812,\n 45.91198865118152\n ],\n [\n -113.2415771484375,\n 45.90338862522072\n ],\n [\n -113.50936889648438,\n 45.73014967964109\n ],\n [\n -113.53271484375,\n 45.54098421805075\n ],\n [\n -113.50250244140624,\n 45.37433766041358\n ],\n [\n -113.47640991210938,\n 45.33284041773058\n ],\n [\n -113.39126586914062,\n 45.335736561593784\n ],\n [\n -113.39950561523438,\n 45.45531426347788\n ],\n [\n -113.41598510742188,\n 45.57656146038471\n ],\n [\n -113.34869384765625,\n 45.703302146999036\n ],\n [\n -113.20037841796875,\n 45.82497145796607\n ],\n [\n -113.12347412109375,\n 45.81348649679973\n ],\n [\n -112.91885375976562,\n 45.741651816445376\n ],\n [\n -112.79937744140625,\n 45.651488335713594\n ],\n [\n -112.73757934570312,\n 45.50153447596235\n ],\n [\n -112.64419555664062,\n 45.38784182444948\n ],\n [\n -112.50823974609375,\n 45.41966030640988\n ],\n [\n -112.33245849609375,\n 45.55925642651572\n ],\n [\n -112.35992431640625,\n 45.57944511437787\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12640e4b014cc3a3d34d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, Stephen R.","contributorId":140802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13574,"text":"Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poulson, Simon R.","contributorId":187411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulson","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":33648,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gammons, Chris","contributorId":140801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gammons","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":13574,"text":"Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeGrandpre, Michael D.","contributorId":187412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeGrandpre","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029693,"text":"70029693 - 2005 - Application of wavelet analysis for monitoring the hydrologic effects of dam operation: Glen canyon dam and the Colorado River at lees ferry, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70029693","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of wavelet analysis for monitoring the hydrologic effects of dam operation: Glen canyon dam and the Colorado River at lees ferry, Arizona","docAbstract":"Wavelet analysis is a powerful tool with which to analyse the hydrologic effects of dam construction and operation on river systems. Using continuous records of instantaneous discharge from the Lees Ferry gauging station and records of daily mean discharge from upstream tributaries, we conducted wavelet analyses of the hydrologic structure of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. The wavelet power spectrum (WPS) of daily mean discharge provided a highly compressed and integrative picture of the post-dam elimination of pronounced annual and sub-annual flow features. The WPS of the continuous record showed the influence of diurnal and weekly power generation cycles, shifts in discharge management, and the 1996 experimental flood in the post-dam period. Normalization of the WPS by local wavelet spectra revealed the fine structure of modulation in discharge scale and amplitude and provides an extremely efficient tool with which to assess the relationships among hydrologic cycles and ecological and geomorphic systems. We extended our analysis to sections of the Snake River and showed how wavelet analysis can be used as a data mining technique. The wavelet approach is an especially promising tool with which to assess dam operation in less well-studied regions and to evaluate management attempts to reconstruct desired flow characteristics. Copyright ?? 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.827","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"White, M., Schmidt, J.C., and Topping, D., 2005, Application of wavelet analysis for monitoring the hydrologic effects of dam operation: Glen canyon dam and the Colorado River at lees ferry, Arizona: River Research and Applications, v. 21, no. 5, p. 551-565, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.827.","startPage":"551","endPage":"565","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240269,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212735,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.827"}],"volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ecc1e4b0c8380cd49473","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, M.A.","contributorId":8312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, J. C.","contributorId":60245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Topping, D.J. 0000-0002-2104-4577","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":53927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}