The magnitude and distribution of lead contamination remain unknown in wetland systems. Anthropogenic deposition of lead may be contributing to negative population-level effects in waterfowl and other organisms that depend on dynamic wetland habitats, particularly if they are unable to detect and differentiate levels of environmental contamination by lead. Detection of lead and behavioral response to elevated lead levels by waterfowl is poorly understood, but necessary to characterize the risk of lead-contaminated habitats. We measured the relationship between lead contamination of wetland soils and habitat use by mottled ducks (Anas fulvigula) on the Upper Texas Coast, USA. Mottled ducks have historically experienced disproportionate negative effects from lead exposure, and exhibit a unique nonmigratory life history that increases risk of exposure when inhabiting contaminated areas. We used spatial interpolation to estimate lead in wetland soils of the Texas Chenier Plain National Wildlife Refuge Complex. Soil lead levels varied across the refuge complex (0.01–1085.51 ppm), but greater lead concentrations frequently corresponded to areas with high densities of transmittered mottled ducks. We used soil lead concentration data and MaxENT species distribution models to quantify relationships among various habitat factors and locations of mottled ducks. Use of habitats with greater lead concentration increased during years of a major disturbance. Because mottled ducks use habitats with high concentrations of lead during periods of stress, have greater risk of exposure following major disturbance to the coastal marsh system, and no innate mechanism for avoiding the threat of lead exposure, we suggest the potential presence of an ecological trap of quality habitat that warrants further quantification at a population scale for mottled ducks.
This paper describes the formation of, and initial results for, a new FLUXNET coordination network for ecosystem-scale methane (CH4) measurements at 60 sites globally, organized by the Global Carbon Project in partnership with other initiatives and regional flux tower networks. The objectives of the effort are presented along with an overview of the coverage of eddy covariance (EC) CH4 flux measurements globally, initial results comparing CH4 fluxes across the sites, and future research directions and needs. Annual estimates of net CH4 fluxes across sites ranged from −0.2 ± 0.02 g C m–2 yr–1 for an upland forest site to 114.9 ± 13.4 g C m–2 yr–1 for an estuarine freshwater marsh, with fluxes exceeding 40 g C m–2 yr–1 at multiple sites. Average annual soil and air temperatures were found to be the strongest predictor of annual CH4 flux across wetland sites globally. Water table position was positively correlated with annual CH4 emissions, although only for wetland sites that were not consistently inundated throughout the year. The ratio of annual CH4 fluxes to ecosystem respiration increased significantly with mean site temperature. Uncertainties in annual CH4 estimates due to gap-filling and random errors were on average ±1.6 g C m–2 yr–1 at 95% confidence, with the relative error decreasing exponentially with increasing flux magnitude across sites. Through the analysis and synthesis of a growing EC CH4 flux database, the controls on ecosystem CH4 fluxes can be better understood, used to inform and validate Earth system models, and reconcile differences between land surface model- and atmospheric-based estimates of CH4 emissions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0268.1","usgsCitation":"Knox, S.H., Jackson, R.B., Poulter, B., McNicol, G., Fluet-Chouinard, E., Zhang, Z., Hugelius, G., Bousquet, P., Canadell, J.G., Saunois, M., Papale, D., Chu, H., Keenan, T.F., Baldocchi, D., Torn, M.S., Mammarella, I., Trotta, C., Aurela, M., Bohrer, G., Campbell, D.I., Cescatti, A., Chamberlain, S.D., Chen, J., Chen, W., Dengel, S., Desai, A.R., Euskirchen, E.S., Friborg, T., Gasbarra, D., Goded, I., Goeckede, M., Heimann, M., Helbig, M., Hirano, T., Hollinger, D.Y., Iwata, H., Kang, M., Klatt, J., Krauss, K., Kutzbach, L., Lohila, A., Mitra, B., Morin, T., Nilsson, M.B., Niu, S., Noormets, A., Oechel, W.C., Peichl, M., Peltola, O., Reba, M.L., Richardson, A.D., Runkle, B.R., Ryu, Y., Sachs, T., Schafer, K.V., Schmid, H.P., Shurpali, N., Sonnentag, O., Tang, A., Ueyama, M., Vargas, R., Vesala, T., Ward, E., Windham-Myers, L., Wohlfahrt, G., and Zona, D., 2019, FLUXNET-CH4 synthesis activity: Objectives, observations, and future directions: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 100, no. 12, p. 2607-2632, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0268.1.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"2607","endPage":"2632","ipdsId":"IP-102319","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-02969171","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":365836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knox, Sara H. 0000-0003-2255-5835","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2255-5835","contributorId":217390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knox","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackson, Robert B.","contributorId":177259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poulter, Benjamin 0000-0002-9493-8600","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9493-8600","contributorId":200477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulter","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McNicol, Gavin 0000-0002-6655-8045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6655-8045","contributorId":217391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNicol","given":"Gavin","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne","contributorId":217392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fluet-Chouinard","given":"Etienne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhang, Zhen 0000-0003-0899-1139","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0899-1139","contributorId":149173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hugelius, Gustaf 0000-0002-8096-1594","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-1594","contributorId":73863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hugelius","given":"Gustaf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17850,"text":"Dept of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":25546,"text":"Stockholm University, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bousquet, Philippe","contributorId":197935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bousquet","given":"Philippe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35082,"text":"LSCE, CEA CNRS UVSQ IPSL, Université Paris Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Canadell, Josep G 0000-0002-8788-3218","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-3218","contributorId":217393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canadell","given":"Josep","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":39614,"text":"CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Saunois, Marielle","contributorId":217394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saunois","given":"Marielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39615,"text":"Universite Paris-Saclay","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Papale, Dario 0000-0001-5170-8648","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5170-8648","contributorId":217395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Papale","given":"Dario","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39616,"text":"Università degli Studi della Tuscia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chu, Housen","contributorId":217396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chu","given":"Housen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39617,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Keenan, Trevor F. 0000-0002-3347-0258","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-0258","contributorId":217397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keenan","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Baldocchi, Dennis 0000-0003-3496-4919","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3496-4919","contributorId":167495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baldocchi","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[{"id":24725,"text":"Ecosystem Science Division, Department of Environmental Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Torn, Margaret S. 0000-0002-8174-0099","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8174-0099","contributorId":177740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torn","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Mammarella, Ivan 0000-0002-8516-3356","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-3356","contributorId":217398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mammarella","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18162,"text":"University of Helsinki","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Trotta, Carlo 0000-0001-6377-0262","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6377-0262","contributorId":217399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trotta","given":"Carlo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39616,"text":"Università degli Studi della Tuscia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Aurela, Mika 0000-0002-4046-7225","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4046-7225","contributorId":217400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aurela","given":"Mika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39618,"text":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Bohrer, Gil 0000-0002-9209-9540","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9209-9540","contributorId":217401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bohrer","given":"Gil","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18155,"text":"The Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Campbell, David I. 0000-0003-3432-4372","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3432-4372","contributorId":217402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":12678,"text":"University of Waikato","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Cescatti, Alessandro","contributorId":217403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cescatti","given":"Alessandro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39619,"text":"European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Chamberlain, Samuel D.","contributorId":201834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlain","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36267,"text":"Dept of Environmental Science, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Chen, Jiquan 0000-0003-0761-9458","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0761-9458","contributorId":146126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Jiquan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Chen, Weinan","contributorId":217404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Weinan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32415,"text":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Dengel, Sigrid","contributorId":217405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dengel","given":"Sigrid","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Desai, Ankur R. 0000-0002-5226-6041","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5226-6041","contributorId":20622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Desai","given":"Ankur","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Euskirchen, Eugenie S. 0000-0002-0848-4295","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0848-4295","contributorId":173730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Euskirchen","given":"Eugenie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Friborg, Thomas 0000-0001-5633-6097","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5633-6097","contributorId":217406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friborg","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12672,"text":"University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Gasbarra, Daniele","contributorId":217407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gasbarra","given":"Daniele","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39620,"text":"University of Napoli Federico II","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Goded, Ignacio","contributorId":217408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goded","given":"Ignacio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39619,"text":"European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Goeckede, Mathias 0000-0003-2833-8401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-8401","contributorId":217409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goeckede","given":"Mathias","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39621,"text":"Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Heimann, Martin","contributorId":217410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heimann","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39621,"text":"Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Helbig, Manuel 0000-0003-1996-8639","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1996-8639","contributorId":217411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helbig","given":"Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25502,"text":"McMaster University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Hirano, Takashi","contributorId":217412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hirano","given":"Takashi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16855,"text":"Hokkaido University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34},{"text":"Hollinger, David Y. 0000-0002-4284-1575","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4284-1575","contributorId":212164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hollinger","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":36658,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":35},{"text":"Iwata, Hiroki 0000-0002-8962-8982","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8962-8982","contributorId":217413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iwata","given":"Hiroki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39622,"text":"Shinshu University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":36},{"text":"Kang, Minseok","contributorId":217414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kang","given":"Minseok","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39623,"text":"National Center for AgroMeteorology, South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":37},{"text":"Klatt, Janina","contributorId":217415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klatt","given":"Janina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39624,"text":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":38},{"text":"Krauss, Ken 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":217416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":39},{"text":"Kutzbach, Lars","contributorId":217417,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kutzbach","given":"Lars","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39625,"text":"Universität Hamburg","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":40},{"text":"Lohila, Annalea 0000-0003-3541-672X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3541-672X","contributorId":217418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lohila","given":"Annalea","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39618,"text":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":41},{"text":"Mitra, Bhaskar 0000-0002-6617-0884","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6617-0884","contributorId":217419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitra","given":"Bhaskar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":42},{"text":"Morin, Timothy H","contributorId":217420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morin","given":"Timothy H","affiliations":[{"id":12623,"text":"State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":43},{"text":"Nilsson, Mats B. 0000-0003-3765-6399","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3765-6399","contributorId":217421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nilsson","given":"Mats","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12666,"text":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":44},{"text":"Niu, Shuli","contributorId":217422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niu","given":"Shuli","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32415,"text":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":45},{"text":"Noormets, Asko","contributorId":217423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noormets","given":"Asko","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":46},{"text":"Oechel, Walter C. 0000-0002-3504-026X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3504-026X","contributorId":177503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oechel","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":47},{"text":"Peichl, Matthias 0000-0002-9940-5846","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9940-5846","contributorId":217424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peichl","given":"Matthias","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12666,"text":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":48},{"text":"Peltola, Olli 0000-0002-1744-6290","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-6290","contributorId":217425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peltola","given":"Olli","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39618,"text":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":49},{"text":"Reba, Michele L.","contributorId":196375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reba","given":"Michele","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":50},{"text":"Richardson, Andrew D.","contributorId":178336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":51},{"text":"Runkle, Benjamin R. K. 0000-0002-2583-1199","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2583-1199","contributorId":217426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Runkle","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"R. K.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":52},{"text":"Ryu, Youngryel 0000-0001-6238-2479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6238-2479","contributorId":217427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryu","given":"Youngryel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37780,"text":"Seoul National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":53},{"text":"Sachs, Torsten 0000-0002-9959-4771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-4771","contributorId":208637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sachs","given":"Torsten","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34716,"text":"GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":54},{"text":"Schafer, Karina V R","contributorId":217428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schafer","given":"Karina","email":"","middleInitial":"V R","affiliations":[{"id":39626,"text":"Rutgers University Newark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":55},{"text":"Schmid, Hans Peter","contributorId":217429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Hans","email":"","middleInitial":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":39624,"text":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":56},{"text":"Shurpali, Narasinha 0000-0003-1052-4396","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-4396","contributorId":169411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shurpali","given":"Narasinha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25501,"text":"University of Eastern Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":57},{"text":"Sonnentag, Oliver","contributorId":217430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sonnentag","given":"Oliver","affiliations":[{"id":39627,"text":"Département de Géographie & Centre d’Études Nordiques, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":58},{"text":"Tang, Angela C I","contributorId":217431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tang","given":"Angela C I","affiliations":[{"id":39628,"text":"Sarawak Tropical Peat Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":59},{"text":"Ueyama, Masahito 0000-0002-4000-4888","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-4888","contributorId":217432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ueyama","given":"Masahito","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39629,"text":"Osaka Prefecture University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":60},{"text":"Vargas, Rodrigo","contributorId":172036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vargas","given":"Rodrigo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":61},{"text":"Vesala, Timo","contributorId":192448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vesala","given":"Timo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":62},{"text":"Ward, Eric 0000-0002-5047-5464","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5047-5464","contributorId":217389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":63},{"text":"Windham-Myers, Lisamarie","contributorId":217434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windham-Myers","given":"Lisamarie","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":64},{"text":"Wohlfahrt, Georg","contributorId":202591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wohlfahrt","given":"Georg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":65},{"text":"Zona, Donatella","contributorId":217433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zona","given":"Donatella","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":66}]}} ,{"id":70203977,"text":"ofr20191077 - 2019 - Triangle area water supply monitoring project, North Carolina-Summary of monitoring activities, quality assurance, and data, October 2015–September 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T11:27:46","indexId":"ofr20191077","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-16T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-1077","displayTitle":"Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project, North Carolina—Summary of Monitoring Activities, Quality Assurance, and Data, October 2015–September 2017","title":"Triangle area water supply monitoring project, North Carolina-Summary of monitoring activities, quality assurance, and data, October 2015–September 2017","docAbstract":"Surface-water supplies are important sources of drinking water for residents in the Triangle area of North Carolina, which is located within the upper Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins. Since 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey and a consortium of local governments have tracked water-quality conditions and trends in several of the area’s water-supply lakes and streams. This report summarizes data collected through this cooperative effort, known as the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project, during October 2015 through September 2016 (water year 2016) and October 2016 through September 2017 (water year 2017). Major findings for this period include the following:
Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous oil and gas resources in the Eastern Great Basin Province (Anna and others, 2007) of Nevada, Utah, and Idaho (fig. 1). The assessment focused on the area of the province between the Roberts Mountains and Sevier thrust systems (Peterson, 1994). The major petroleum source rocks within this area are the Upper Devonian–Lower Mississippian Pilot Shale and the Mississippian Chainman Formation (Gutschick and Rodriquez, 1979; Poole and Claypool, 1984; Giles, 1994; Trexler and others, 1995). The geologic model applied to the Pilot Shale and shales in the Chainman Formation is for these shales to have achieved generative maturity for oil by burial to at least 8,700 feet (2,652 meters) within some of the Neogene extensional basins (Grabb, 1994; Anna and others, 2007). Areas that satisfy this depth requirement were defined using modeled gravity data that were calibrated to the petroleum system in Railroad Valley and Pine Valley in Nevada (Barker and Peterson, 1991; Ïnan and Davis, 1994; Meissner, 1995; Anna and others, 2007).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20193002","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Mercier, T.J., Woodall, C.A., Finn, T.M., Gaswirth, S.B., Marra, K.R., Le, P.A., Brownfield, M.E., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Drake, R.M., II, and Kinney, S.A., 2019, Assessment of continuous oil resources in the Eastern Great Basin Province of Nevada, Utah, and Idaho, 2018: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3002, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193002.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-101431","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3002/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":365364,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3002/fs20193002.pdf","text":"Report","size":"660 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2019-3002"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Great Basin Province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -117.0703125,\n 36.77409249464195\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -114.697265625,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -114.62585449218749,\n 36.14231087352999\n ],\n [\n -114.47753906249999,\n 36.146746777814364\n ],\n [\n -114.3731689453125,\n 36.13343831245866\n ],\n [\n -114.2303466796875,\n 36.01800375871416\n ],\n [\n -114.1204833984375,\n 36.04021586880111\n ],\n [\n -111.22558593749999,\n 40.94671366508002\n ],\n [\n -111.939697265625,\n 41.261291493919884\n ],\n [\n -111.76391601562499,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -111.456298828125,\n 42.73894375124377\n ],\n [\n -111.412353515625,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -112.8076171875,\n 43.15710884095329\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
This publication consists of three map sheets that display shallow geologic structure, along with sediment distribution and thickness, for an about 225-km-long offshore section of the central California coast between Point Sur and Point Arguello. Each map sheet includes three maps, at scales of either 1:150,000 or 1:200,000, as well as a set of figures that contain representative high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles. The maps and seismic-reflection surveys cover most of the continental shelf in this region. In addition, the maps show the locations of the shelf break and the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters.
The seismic-reflection data, which are the primary dataset used to develop the maps, were collected to support the California Seafloor Mapping Program and U.S. Geological Survey Offshore Geologic Hazards projects. In addition to the three map sheets, this publication includes geographic information system data files of interpreted faults, folds, sediment thicknesses, and depths-to-base of sediment. The faults and folds shown on the maps have been locally simplified as appropriate for the map scales.
The right-lateral San Gregorio–Hosgri Fault (SGHF) is the most significant structure in the map area. On a regional scale, the SGHF is part of a 400-km-long, right-lateral fault system that extends northwestward from Point Arguello to the area offshore of San Francisco, where it merges with the San Andreas Fault. From north to south in this part of central California, the SGHF lies offshore between the south flank of Point Sur and the north flank of Point Piedras Blancas, then comes onshore at Point Piedras Blancas, before heading offshore again between the south flank of Point Piedras Blancas and Point Arguello. Cumulative fault offset along the SGHF is as much as 150 to 160 km, decreasing to the south by transferring slip on to northwest-striking faults that converge with the SGHF both onland and offshore from the east. In the map area, the offshore-converging faults include the Los Osos Fault, the Shoreline–Point Buchon Fault, the Casmalia Fault, and the Lions Head Fault.
Quaternary sediments and bedrock underlie the shelf. On the seismic-reflection profiles, we divide Quaternary shelf sediments into two units. Characterizing the younger, upper unit is a focus of this publication. This unit is inferred to have been deposited on the shelf in the last about 21,000 years during the sea-level rise that followed the last major lowstand and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This upper unit overlies a transgressive surface of erosion, a commonly angular, wave-cut unconformity, and is generally characterized by low-amplitude, continuous to moderately continuous, diffuse, subparallel, generally flat reflections. Maps in this publication show both the thickness of this upper sediment unit and the depth to the base of the sediment unit. Within the map region, 11 different “domains” of post-LGM shelf sediment are delineated on the basis of sediment thickness and coastal geomorphology. Maximum sediment thickness is in the southern part of the region, offshore of the mouths of the Santa Ynez and Santa Maria Rivers. Minimum sediment thickness is found offshore of prominent rocky points, including Point Buchon and Piedras Blancas. Mean sediment thickness for the entire shelf in the map area between Point Sur and Point Arguello is 12.2 m, and total sediment volume is 24.7 million cubic meters.
Contact Information
Pacific Coastal & Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Pacific Science Center
2885 Mission St.
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
American Shad Alosa sapidissima have historically supported an important fishery along the Atlantic coastal waters of North America. However, the construction of dams reduced populations and restricted landings. Fishways are intended to mitigate obstacles to anadromous fish migrations, but a thorough evaluation of their efficiency is warranted. We analyzed data collected from video recordings, hydropower turbine operations, and telemetry conducted by the Maine Department of Marine Resources to evaluate American Shad behavior while approaching and using a vertical slot fishway at the head-of-tide Brunswick Dam on the Androscoggin River in Maine. American Shad passage at the dam has been poor, ranging from 0 to 1,100 fish per year, relative to passage at other facilities in the region. Additionally, our observations indicate that there are relatively high numbers of American Shad present downstream in the river (averaging 50,000) compared with the entrance of the fishway or its pools (<8,000). On average, the rates of observed American Shad on the side of the river near the fishway entrance were significantly higher (6.5–8.6 individuals/min) when the turbine closest to the entrance of the fishway was not operating compared with when it was operating (4.1 individuals/min). Most of the radio-tagged American Shad remained in the river below the dam or went undetected. Eleven of 57 tagged fish were detected at the fishway entrance and of those only five were detected in the lower fishway. Individuals that were detected were observed making multiple attempts at entering the fishway, but movements were restricted to the lower pools. Our results suggest that this fishway is not conducive to the passage of American Shad. Examining the relationship between hydropower operations and other environmental variables on the behavior and passage of migrating anadromous fish remain an area for further study.
Empirical evidence has shown increased variability in harvest and recruitment of exploited fish populations, which can result directly from exploitation or indirectly from interactions between external drivers and the internal dynamics of age-structured populations. We investigated whether predation in a freshwater system could affect a prey fish population, in the same way fishing affects targeted populations. Using fishery-independent trawl survey data and a suite of quantitative indicators, we evaluated changes in the alewife population in Lake Michigan. Our results provide evidence for a reduction in the mean spawner age, a reduction in the diversity of age classes and the distribution of biomass across them, and increased variability in the proportion of first time spawners in the spawning stock. We used wavelet analysis and estimates of lifetime egg production to demonstrate how the alewife population displays behaviors of instability as the overall biomass declines. Our results provide evidence that predation pressure can influence prey fish populations in a similar manner to fishing on harvested populations, and that conservation of a broad reproducing age structure is likely to be important for buffering against adverse environmental fluctuations and for sustainable management of fish populations.
Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in selected streams from Butte to near Missoula, Montana, as part of a monitoring program in the Clark Fork Basin of western Montana. The sampling program was led by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, to characterize aquatic resources in the Clark Fork Basin and emphasize trace elements associated with historic mining and smelting activities. Sampling sites were on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries. Water samples were collected periodically at 20 sites from October 2016 through September 2017. Bed-sediment and biota samples were collected once at 13 sites during August 2017.
This report presents the analytical results and quality-assurance data for water-quality, bed-sediment, and biota samples collected at sites from October 2016 through September 2017. Water-quality data include concentrations of selected major ions, dissolved organic carbon, turbidity, nitrogen (nitrate plus nitrite), trace elements, and suspended sediment. Seasonal daily values of turbidity were determined at four sites. Bed-sediment data include trace-element concentrations in the fine-grained (less than 0.063 millimeter) fraction. Biological data include trace-element concentrations in whole-body tissue of aquatic benthic insects. Statistical summaries of water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data for sites in the Clark Fork Basin are provided for the period of record.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Cleasby, T.E., Hornberger, M.I., Heinert, T.L., and Turner, M.A., 2019, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2016 through September 2017) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1060, 110 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191060.","productDescription":"Report: v, 110 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"120","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-102556","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365345,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YX9400","text":"USGS data release ","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2016 through September 2017) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana"},{"id":365352,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1060/ofr20191060_v6.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019–1060"},{"id":365343,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1060/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.169921875,\n 46.6795944656402\n ],\n [\n -114.19189453125,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -113.22509765625,\n 46.263442671779885\n ],\n [\n -113.170166015625,\n 45.66780526567164\n ],\n [\n -112.269287109375,\n 45.62172169252446\n ],\n [\n -112.137451171875,\n 46.38483322349276\n ],\n [\n -112.576904296875,\n 47.21956811231547\n ],\n [\n -114.27978515625,\n 47.264320080254805\n ],\n [\n -114.169921875,\n 46.6795944656402\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3162 Bozeman Avenue
Helena, MT 59601
With the growth and expansion of human development, large mammals will increasingly encounter humans, elevating the likelihood of human-wildlife conflicts. Understanding the behavior and movement of large mammals, particularly around human development, is important for crafting effective conservation and management plans for these species.
We used GPS collar data from American black bears (Ursus americanus) to determine how seasonal food resources and human development affected bear movement patterns and resource use across the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
We found that though bears moved more and avoided human development during crepuscular and daylight hours than at night, bears preferentially moved through human dominated areas at night. This indicates bears were mitigating the risk of human development by altering their behavior to exploit these areas when human activity is low. This behavioral shift was most prominent in the spring, when natural foods are scarce, and fall, when energetic demands are high. We also observed a high degree of inter-individual variability among our sample of bears. Bears with a higher density of houses in their home ranges (~ 75 houses/km2) displayed less avoidance of human development than more rural bears. Furthermore, bear movement models had different explanatory variables, with preference or avoidance of a variable being dependent on the individual bear. To account for this individuality in our predictive surfaces, we projected the probability of movement for each season and time of day using a spatially weighted surface centered on each bear’s home range.
We found that black bears in Massachusetts are operating in a landscape of fear and are altering their movement patterns to use developed areas when human activity is low. We also found seasonal and diel differences among individual bears in resource selection during movement. Accounting for these individual, seasonal, and diel differences when assessing movement for large mammals is especially important if predictive surfaces are to be used in identifying areas for conservation and management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s40462-019-0166-4","usgsCitation":"Zeller, K., Wattles, D., Conlee, L., and DeStefano, S., 2019, Black bears alter movements in response to anthropogenic features with time of day and season: Movement Ecology, v. 7, 19, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-019-0166-4.","productDescription":"19, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105931","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-019-0166-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":390520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zeller, Katherine A.","contributorId":267698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zeller","given":"Katherine A.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":825158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wattles, David","contributorId":255402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wattles","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":51525,"text":"Massachusetts Division of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":825201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conlee, Laura","contributorId":267742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conlee","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeStefano, Stephen 0000-0003-2472-8373 destef@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2472-8373","contributorId":2874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"Stephen","email":"destef@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":825157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204226,"text":"70204226 - 2019 - Heat flow in the Western Arctic Ocean (Amerasian Basin)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T09:28:09","indexId":"70204226","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-10T15:19:59","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow in the Western Arctic Ocean (Amerasian Basin)","docAbstract":"From 1963 to 1973 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) measured heat flow at 356 sites in the Amerasian Basin (Western Arctic Ocean) from a drifting ice island (T-3). The resulting measurements, which are unevenly distributed on Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge (AMR) and in Canada and Nautilus basins, greatly expand available heat flow data for the Arctic Ocean. Average T-3 heat flow is ~54.7 ± 11.3 mW m-2, and Nautilus Basin, including Mendeleev Plain, is the only well-surveyed area (~13% of data) with significantly higher average heat flow (63.8 mW m-2). Heat flow and bathymetry are not correlated at a large scale, and turbiditic surficial sediments (Canada and Nautilus basins) have higher heat flow than the sediments that blanket the AMR. Thermal gradients are mostly near-linear, implying that conductive heat transport dominates and that near-seafloor sediments are in thermal equilibrium with overlying bottom waters. Combining the heat flow data with modern seismic imagery suggests that some of the observed heat flow variability may be explained by local changes in sediment thickness or lithology or the presence of basement faults that channel circulating seawater. A thermal model that incorporates thermal conductivity variations along a profile from Canada Basin (thick sediment on mostly oceanic crust) to Alpha Ridge (thin sediment over thick magmatic units associated with the High Arctic Large Igneous Province) predicts heat flow lower than that observed on Alpha Ridge. This, along with other observations, implies that circulating fluids modulate conductive heat flow and contribute to high variability in the T-3 dataset. .","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2019JB017587","usgsCitation":"Ruppel, C.D., Lachenbruch, A., Hutchinson, D., Munroe, R., and Mosher, D., 2019, Heat flow in the Western Arctic Ocean (Amerasian Basin): Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 124, no. 8, p. 7562-7587, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB017587.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"7562","endPage":"7587","ipdsId":"IP-104584","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jb017587","text":"External Repository"},{"id":437392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91XQ3IS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Post-expedition report for USGS T-3 Ice Island heat flow measurements in the High Arctic Ocean, 1963-1973"},{"id":437391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P97EPU2F","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Thermal Data and Navigation for T-3 (Fletcher's) Ice Island Arctic Ocean Heat Flow Studies, 1963-73 (ver. 1.1 December 2022)"},{"id":365525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":195778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lachenbruch, A.H.","contributorId":216905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39546,"text":"(retired) U.S.Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":174836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munroe, Robert","contributorId":216907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munroe","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":39548,"text":"(retired) U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mosher, David","contributorId":174895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70204329,"text":"70204329 - 2019 - A phylogenomic supertree of birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T14:39:38","indexId":"70204329","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-10T14:33:58","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1398,"text":"Diversity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A phylogenomic supertree of birds","docAbstract":"It has long been appreciated that analyses of genomic data (e.g., whole genome sequencing or sequence capture) have the potential to reveal the tree of life, but it remains challenging to move from sequence data to a clear understanding of evolutionary history, in part due to the computational challenges of phylogenetic estimation using genome-scale data. Supertree methods solve that challenge because they facilitate a divide-and-conquer approach for large-scale phylogeny inference by integrating smaller subtrees in a computationally-efficient manner. Here, we combined information from sequence capture and whole-genome phylogenies using supertree methods. However, available phylogenomic trees had limited overlap so we used taxon-rich (but not phylogenomic) megaphylogenies to weave them together. This allowed us to construct a phylogenomic supertree, with support values, that included 707 bird species (~7% of avian species diversity). We estimated branch lengths using mitochondrial sequence data and we used this to estimate divergence times. Our time-calibrated supertree supports radiation of all three major avian clades (Palaeognathae, Galloanseres, and Neoaves) near the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary. The approach we used will permit the continued addition of taxa to this supertree as new phylogenomic data are published, and it could be applied to other taxa as well.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/d11070109","usgsCitation":"Kimball, R., Oliveros, C.H., Wang, N., White, N.D., Barker, F.K., Field, D.J., Ksepka, D.T., Chesser, T., Moyle, R.G., Braun, M., Brumfield, R., Faircloth, B.C., Tilston-Smith, B., and Braun, E.L., 2019, A phylogenomic supertree of birds: Diversity, v. 11, no. 7, https://doi.org/10.3390/d11070109.","productDescription":"109, 35 p.","startPage":"35","ipdsId":"IP-109725","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d11070109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":365683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, Rebecca T","contributorId":217200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"Rebecca T","affiliations":[{"id":38084,"text":"Univ. of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oliveros, Carl H","contributorId":215463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oliveros","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"H","affiliations":[{"id":16154,"text":"LSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Ning","contributorId":217201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Ning","affiliations":[{"id":25267,"text":"Univ. of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, Noor D","contributorId":217202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Noor","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barker, F. Keith","contributorId":217203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":27811,"text":"Univ. of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Field, Daniel J","contributorId":215464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Field","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":39255,"text":"Univ. of Bath","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ksepka, Daniel T","contributorId":215465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ksepka","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":39256,"text":"Bruce Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chesser, Terry 0000-0003-4389-7092 tchesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-7092","contributorId":177781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesser","given":"Terry","email":"tchesser@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Moyle, Robert G","contributorId":217204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moyle","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":39570,"text":"Univ. of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Braun, Michael J","contributorId":215472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Braun","given":"Michael J","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Brumfield, Robb T","contributorId":215474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brumfield","given":"Robb T","affiliations":[{"id":16154,"text":"LSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Faircloth, Brant C","contributorId":217205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faircloth","given":"Brant","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":39571,"text":"Louisiana State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Tilston-Smith, Brian","contributorId":217234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tilston-Smith","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Braun, Edward L","contributorId":215471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Braun","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":17943,"text":"Univ of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70204191,"text":"70204191 - 2019 - Bundle adjustment using space based triangulation method for improving the Landsat global ground reference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T12:01:42","indexId":"70204191","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-10T11:58:57","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bundle adjustment using space based triangulation method for improving the Landsat global ground reference","docAbstract":"There is an ever-increasing interest and need for accurate geo-registration of remotely sensed data products to a common global geometric reference. Although the geo-registration has improved significantly in the last decade, the lack of an accurate global ground reference dataset\nposes serious issues for data providers seeking to make geometrically stackable analysis ready data. The existing Global Land Survey 2000 (GLS2000) dataset derived from Landsat 7 images provide global coverage and can be used as a reference dataset, but its accuracy is much lower than what can be attained using the agile and precise pointing capability of the new spacecrafts. The improved position and pointing knowledge of the new spacecrafts such as Landsat 8 can be used to improve the accuracy of the existing global ground control points using a space based triangulation method. This paper discusses the theoretical basis, formulation, and application of the space based triangulation method at a continental scale to improve the accuracy of the GLS-derived ground control points.Our triangulation method involves adjusting the spacecraft position, velocity, attitude, attitude rate, and ground control point locations, iteratively, by linearizing the non-linear viewing geometry, such that the residual errors in the measured image points are minimized. The complexity of the numerical inversion and processing is dealt with in our approach by processing and eliminating the ground points one at a time. This helps to reduce the size of the normal matrix significantly, thereby making the triangulation of a continent-wide scale block feasible and efficient. One of the unique characteristics of our method is the use of a correlation model linking the attitude corrections between images of the same pass, which promotes consistency in the attitude corrections. We evaluated the performance of our triangulation method over the Australian continent using the Australian Geographic Reference Image (AGRI) dataset as a reference. Both a free adjustment, using only the pointing information of the Landsat 8 spacecraft, and a constrained adjustment, using the AGRI as external control were performed and the results compared. The Australian block’s horizontal accuracy improved from 15.4 m to 3.6 m with the use of AGRI controls, and from 15.4 m to 8.8 m without the use of AGRI controls.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs11141640","usgsCitation":"Storey, J.C., Rengarajan, R., and Choate, M., 2019, Bundle adjustment using space based triangulation method for improving the Landsat global ground reference: Remote Sensing, v. 11, no. 14, 1640; 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141640.","productDescription":"1640; 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-108480","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141640","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":365464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"14","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Choate, Michael J. 0000-0002-8101-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-4994","contributorId":216866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765937,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Storey, James C. 0000-0002-6664-7232 storey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7232","contributorId":5333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storey","given":"James","email":"storey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rengarajan, R. 0000-0003-1860-7110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1860-7110","contributorId":56036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengarajan","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choate, Mike 0000-0002-8101-4994 choate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-4994","contributorId":4618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"Mike","email":"choate@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70216032,"text":"70216032 - 2019 - Nest structure affects auditory and visual detectability, but not predation risk, in a tropical songbird community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-04T00:44:04.554247","indexId":"70216032","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-09T18:36:51","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1711,"text":"Functional Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest structure affects auditory and visual detectability, but not predation risk, in a tropical songbird community","docAbstract":"Both the abundance of greater prairie-chickens (Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus) and the area of grassland enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) in northwestern Minnesota, USA, have recently declined. Although wildlife conservation is a stated objective of the CRP, the impact of the CRP on greater prairie-chicken populations has not been quantified. To address that information need, we evaluated the association between greater-prairie chicken lek density (leks/km2), the number of males at leks (males/lek), and CRP enrollments in the context of landscape structure and composition in northwestern Minnesota. Using data from standardized prairie-chicken surveys and land cover in 17 41-km2 survey blocks during 2004–2016, we used a mixed-effect model and a layered approach in an information-theoretic framework at multiple spatial scales to identify covariates related to prairie-chicken abundance. At the landscape scale, lek density was best explained by the amount of CRP grassland and wetland, grassland and wetland with long-term conservation goals (state, federal, and The Nature Conservancy owned); other wetlands managed with variable or no continuity in conservation goals; the contiguity of grasslands; and the number of patches of grasslands and wetlands in each survey block each year. Increasing the amount of CRP grassland in 41-km2 survey blocks by 1 km2 (2.4%) resulted in a corresponding increase of 6% in lek density. At the lek scale, the number of males per lek was best explained by the amount of CRP grassland and other grassland, CRP wetland and other wetland, forests, developed areas, shrubland, and the contiguity of CRP grassland. Increasing the amount of CRP grassland in the 2-km breeding-cycle habitat radius around a lek by 25% (3 km2) corresponded to a 5% increase in males per lek. Our results suggest that both increasing the quantity of grassland CRP and wetland CRP enrollments and aggregating CRP grassland enrollments may increase greater prairie-chicken abundance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21724","usgsCitation":"Adkins, K., Roy, C.L., Andersen, D.E., and Wright, R.G., 2019, Landscape-scale greater prairie-chicken–habitat relations and the Conservation Reserve Program: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 83, no. 6, p. 1415-1426, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21724.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1415","endPage":"1426","ipdsId":"IP-102230","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395458,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.152099609375,\n 45.805828539928356\n ],\n [\n -95.0537109375,\n 45.805828539928356\n ],\n [\n -95.0537109375,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -97.152099609375,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -97.152099609375,\n 45.805828539928356\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adkins, Kalysta","contributorId":274612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adkins","given":"Kalysta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Charlotte L.","contributorId":274613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Charlotte","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andersen, David E. 0000-0001-9535-3404 dea@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9535-3404","contributorId":199408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"David","email":"dea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, Robert G.","contributorId":274614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203965,"text":"sir20195032 - 2019 - Hydrologic study at Farm Creek Marsh, Dorchester County, Maryland, from April 2015 to April 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-07T16:06:36","indexId":"sir20195032","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-09T11:50:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5032","displayTitle":"Hydrologic Study at Farm Creek Marsh, Dorchester County, Maryland, from April 2015 to April 2016","title":"Hydrologic study at Farm Creek Marsh, Dorchester County, Maryland, from April 2015 to April 2016","docAbstract":"In 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey began a 1-year hydrologic study to investigate the extent and cause of inundation at Farm Creek Marsh, in Dorchester County, Maryland. In combination with a tide and precipitation gage, a representative section of the marsh was instrumented with surface-water monitors and shallow groundwater piezometers to capture the spatial and temporal extent of inundation. In addition, water-quality data (major ions and nutrients) were collected to help discern the cause of inundation. Results indicate that during the year-long study, all sites were periodically inundated, ranging from a total of 108 days to the entire study period of 353 days. The depth of inundation was typically between 0 and 0.2 feet (ft) (above land surface), with the exception of large storm events. Less than 0.5 ft of elevation was the difference between a site being inundated during the entire study period of 353 days and a site being inundated for 36 consecutive days out of 108 total days of inundation during the study period. Water-quality data showed a large difference in pH between marsh surface water (6.1 to 6.9 standard pH units) and shallow groundwater (3.0 to 3.6 standard pH units), with differences also observed in concentrations of silica, iron, manganese, and potassium. Collectively, the combination of water-quality, hydrologic, and soils data indicate that inundation is caused by tide and storm events rather than groundwater discharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195032","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Conservation Fund and Audubon Maryland-DC","usgsCitation":"Walker, C.W., Lester, T.R., and Nealen, C.W., 2019, Hydrologic study at Farm Creek Marsh, Dorchester County, Maryland, from April 2015 to April 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5032, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195032.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-084533","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365336,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5032/sir20195032.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.56 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019-5032"},{"id":365333,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5032/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Dorchester County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.343994140625,\n 38.10754709314396\n ],\n [\n -75.69168090820312,\n 38.10754709314396\n ],\n [\n -75.69168090820312,\n 38.70694605159386\n ],\n [\n -76.343994140625,\n 38.70694605159386\n ],\n [\n -76.343994140625,\n 38.10754709314396\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
Methods to quantify solar insolation in riparian landscapes are needed due to the importance of stream temperature to aquatic biota. We have tested three lidar predictors using two approaches developed for other applications of estimating solar insolation from airborne lidar using field data collected in a heavily forested narrow stream in western Oregon, USA. We show that a raster methodology based on the light penetration index (LPI) and a synthetic hemispherical photograph approach both accurately predict solar insolation, explaining more than 73 % of the variability observed in pyranometers placed in the stream channel. We apply the LPI-based model to predict solar insolation for an entire riparian system and demonstrate that no field-based calibration is necessary to produce an unbiased prediction of solar insolation using airborne lidar alone.