{"pageNumber":"2845","pageRowStart":"71100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184563,"records":[{"id":70026326,"text":"70026326 - 2003 - Crustal magnetization and accretion at the Southwest Indian Ridge near the Atlantis II fracture zone, 0-25 Ma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:36","indexId":"70026326","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal magnetization and accretion at the Southwest Indian Ridge near the Atlantis II fracture zone, 0-25 Ma","docAbstract":"We analyze geophysical data that extend from 0 to 25-Myr-old seafloor on both flanks of the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR). Lineated marine magnetic anomalies are consistent and identifiable within the study area, even over seafloor lacking a basaltic upper crust. The full spreading rate of 14 km/Myr has remained nearly constant since at least 20 Ma, but crustal accretion has been highly asymmetric, with half rates of 8.5 and 5.5 km/Myr on the Antarctic and African flanks, respectively. This asymmetry may be unique to a ???400 km wide corridor between large-offset fracture zones of the SWIR. In contrast to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, crustal magnetization amplitudes correlate directly with seafloor topography along the present-day rift valleys. This pattern appears to be primarily a function of along-axis variations in crustal thickness, rather than magnetic mineralogy. Off-axis, magnetization amplitudes at paleo-segment ends are more positive than at paleo-segment midpoints, suggesting the presence of an induced component of magnetization within the lower crust or serpentinized upper mantle. Alteration of the magnetic source layer at paleo-segment midpoints reduces magnetization amplitudes by 70-80% within 20 Myr of accretion. Magnetic and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 735B data suggest that the lower crust cooled quickly enough to lock in a primary thermoremanent magnetization that is in phase with that of the overlying upper crust. Thus magnetic polarity boundaries within the intrusive lower crust may be steeper than envisioned in prior models of ocean crustal magnetization. As the crust ages, the lower crust becomes increasingly important in preserving marine magnetic stripes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hosford, A., Tivey, M., Matsumoto, T., Dick, H., Schouten, H., and Kinoshita, H., 2003, Crustal magnetization and accretion at the Southwest Indian Ridge near the Atlantis II fracture zone, 0-25 Ma: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 108, no. 3.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234192,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fce1e4b0c8380cd4e4a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hosford, A.","contributorId":107895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hosford","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tivey, M.","contributorId":70158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tivey","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matsumoto, T.","contributorId":105479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsumoto","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dick, H.","contributorId":28781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dick","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schouten, Hans","contributorId":86892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schouten","given":"Hans","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kinoshita, H.","contributorId":19743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinoshita","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70161949,"text":"70161949 - 2003 - Modeling manatee response to restoration in the Everglades and Ten Thousand Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-11T10:29:14","indexId":"70161949","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Modeling manatee response to restoration in the Everglades and Ten Thousand Islands","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of Joint Conference on the Science and Restoration of the Greater Everglades and Florida Bay Ecosystem, April 13-18, 2003, Palm Harbor, Florida","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"From Kissimmee to the Keys","conferenceDate":"April 13-18, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Palm Harbor, FL","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Stith, B., Reid, J.P., Easton, D.E., and Butler, S.M., 2003, Modeling manatee response to restoration in the Everglades and Ten Thousand Islands, in Proceedings of Joint Conference on the Science and Restoration of the Greater Everglades and Florida Bay Ecosystem, April 13-18, 2003, Palm Harbor, Florida, Palm Harbor, FL, April 13-18, 2003.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694e049e4b039675d005e3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stith, Bradley bstith@usgs.gov","contributorId":3596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stith","given":"Bradley","email":"bstith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, James P. 0000-0002-8497-1132 jreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-1132","contributorId":3460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"James","email":"jreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Easton, Dean E.","contributorId":57784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Easton","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butler, Susan M. sbutler@usgs.gov","contributorId":4674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Susan","email":"sbutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025110,"text":"70025110 - 2003 - Exploring Gusev Crater with Spirit: Review of science objectives and testable hypotheses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-20T22:43:48.020568","indexId":"70025110","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring Gusev Crater with Spirit: Review of science objectives and testable hypotheses","docAbstract":"

Gusev Crater was selected as the landing site for the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Spirit mission. Located at the outlet of Ma'adim Vallis and 250 km south of the volcano Apollinaris Patera, Gusev is an outstanding site to achieve the goals of the MER mission. The crater could have collected sediments from a variety of sources during its 3.9 Ga history, including fluvial, lacustrine, volcanic, glacial, impact, regional and local aeolian, and global air falls. It is a unique site to investigate the past history of water on Mars, climate and geological changes, and the potential habitability of the planet, which are central science objectives of the MER mission. Because of its complex history and potential diversity, Gusev will allow the testing of a large spectrum of hypotheses with the complete suite of MER instruments. Evidence consistent with long-lived lake episodes exist in the landing ellipse area. They might offer a unique opportunity to study, for the first time, Martian aqueous sediments and minerals formed in situ in their geological context. We review the geological history and diversity of the landing site, the science hypotheses that can be tested during the MER mission, and the relevance of Gusev to the MER mission objectives and payload.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002je002026","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Cabrol, N., Grin, E., Carr, M.H., Sutter, B., Moore, J.N., Farmer, J., Greeley, R., Kuzmin, R., DesMarais, D., Kramer, M., Newsom, H., Barber, C., Thorsos, I., Tanaka, K.L., Barlow, N., Fike, D., Urquhart, M., Grigsby, B., Grant, F., and de Goursac, O., 2003, Exploring Gusev Crater with Spirit: Review of science objectives and testable hypotheses: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 108, no. 12, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2002je002026.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2002je002026","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e21e4b0c8380cd532ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cabrol, N.A.","contributorId":65208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabrol","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grin, E.A.","contributorId":53926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grin","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carr, M. H.","contributorId":84727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":403867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sutter, B.","contributorId":46663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutter","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, Johnnie N.","contributorId":13668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Johnnie","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farmer, J.D.","contributorId":79671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Greeley, R.","contributorId":6538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kuzmin, R.O.","contributorId":14932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuzmin","given":"R.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"DesMarais, D.J.","contributorId":97702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DesMarais","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kramer, M.G.","contributorId":52853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Newsom, H.","contributorId":98934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newsom","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Barber, C.","contributorId":69029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Thorsos, I.","contributorId":80978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorsos","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Barlow, N.G.","contributorId":107466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Fike, D.A.","contributorId":65733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fike","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Urquhart, M.L.","contributorId":23034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urquhart","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Grigsby, B.","contributorId":26593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grigsby","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Grant, F.D.","contributorId":42025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"F.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"de Goursac, O.","contributorId":44807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Goursac","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70025059,"text":"70025059 - 2003 - Imaging spectroscopy: Earth and planetary remote sensing with the USGS Tetracorder and expert systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-03T16:20:38","indexId":"70025059","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imaging spectroscopy: Earth and planetary remote sensing with the USGS Tetracorder and expert systems","docAbstract":"

Imaging spectroscopy is a tool that can be used to spectrally identify and spatially map materials based on their specific chemical bonds. Spectroscopic analysis requires significantly more sophistication than has been employed in conventional broadband remote sensing analysis. We describe a new system that is effective at material identification and mapping: a set of algorithms within an expert system decision‐making framework that we call Tetracorder. The expertise in the system has been derived from scientific knowledge of spectral identification. The expert system rules are implemented in a decision tree where multiple algorithms are applied to spectral analysis, additional expert rules and algorithms can be applied based on initial results, and more decisions are made until spectral analysis is complete. Because certain spectral features are indicative of specific chemical bonds in materials, the system can accurately identify and map those materials. In this paper we describe the framework of the decision making process used for spectral identification, describe specific spectral feature analysis algorithms, and give examples of what analyses and types of maps are possible with imaging spectroscopy data. We also present the expert system rules that describe which diagnostic spectral features are used in the decision making process for a set of spectra of minerals and other common materials. We demonstrate the applications of Tetracorder to identify and map surface minerals, to detect sources of acid rock drainage, and to map vegetation species, ice, melting snow, water, and water pollution, all with one set of expert system rules. Mineral mapping can aid in geologic mapping and fault detection and can provide a better understanding of weathering, mineralization, hydrothermal alteration, and other geologic processes. Environmental site assessment, such as mapping source areas of acid mine drainage, has resulted in the acceleration of site cleanup, saving millions of dollars and years in cleanup time. Imaging spectroscopy data and Tetracorder analysis can be used to study both terrestrial and planetary science problems. Imaging spectroscopy can be used to probe planetary systems, including their atmospheres, oceans, and land surfaces.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2002JE001847","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Clark, R.N., Swayze, G.A., Livo, K., Kokaly, R.F., Sutley, S.J., Dalton, J.B., McDougal, R.R., and Gent, C.A., 2003, Imaging spectroscopy: Earth and planetary remote sensing with the USGS Tetracorder and expert systems: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 108, no. 12, p. 1-44, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JE001847.","productDescription":"Article 5; 44 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"44","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3884e4b0c8380cd615cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swayze, Gregg A. 0000-0002-1814-7823 gswayze@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"Gregg","email":"gswayze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Livo, K. Eric 0000-0001-7331-8130","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-8130","contributorId":17886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livo","given":"K. Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101 raymond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":150717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond","email":"raymond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":403643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sutley, Steve J.","contributorId":33774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutley","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dalton, J. Brad","contributorId":90831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McDougal, Robert R. rmcdouga@usgs.gov","contributorId":1812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougal","given":"Robert","email":"rmcdouga@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gent, Carol A.","contributorId":40646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gent","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70006707,"text":"70006707 - 2003 - Effects of pore‐water ammonia on in situ survival and growth of juvenile mussels (;Lampsilis cardium); in the St. Croix Riverway, Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T20:41:36.019872","indexId":"70006707","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of pore‐water ammonia on in situ survival and growth of juvenile mussels (;Lampsilis cardium); in the St. Croix Riverway, Wisconsin, USA","title":"Effects of pore‐water ammonia on in situ survival and growth of juvenile mussels (;Lampsilis cardium); in the St. Croix Riverway, Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"

We conducted a series of in situ tests to evaluate the effects of pore‐water ammonia on juvenile Lampsilis cardium in the St. Croix River (WI, USA). Threats to this river and its associated unionid fauna have accelerated in recent years because of its proximity to Minneapolis–St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. In 2000, caged juveniles were exposed to sediments and overlying water at 12 sites for 10 d. Survival and growth of juveniles was significantly different between sediment (mean, 47%) and water column (mean, 86%) exposures; however, these effects were unrelated to pore‐water ammonia. During 2001, juveniles were exposed to sediments for 4, 10, and 28 d. Pore‐water ammonia concentrations ranged from 0.3 to 62.0 μg NH3‐N/L in sediments and from 0.5 to 140.8 μg NH3‐N/L within exposure chambers. Survival (mean, 45, 28, and 41% at 4, 10, and 28 d, respectively) and growth (range, 3–45 μm/d) of juveniles were highly variable and generally unrelated to ammonia concentrations. Although laboratory studies have shown unionids to be quite sensitive to ammonia, further research is needed to identify the route(s) of ammonia exposure in unionids and to understand the factors that contribute to the spatial variability of ammonia in rivers.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1897/02-340","usgsCitation":"Bartsch, M., Newton, T., Allran, J.W., O’Donnell, J.A., and Richardson, W.B., 2003, Effects of pore‐water ammonia on in situ survival and growth of juvenile mussels (;Lampsilis cardium); in the St. Croix Riverway, Wisconsin, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 22, no. 11, p. 2561-2568, https://doi.org/10.1897/02-340.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2561","endPage":"2568","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"St. Croix River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.03771972656249,\n 44.71161010858431\n ],\n [\n -91.7413330078125,\n 44.71161010858431\n ],\n [\n -91.7413330078125,\n 46.27483447871404\n ],\n [\n -93.03771972656249,\n 46.27483447871404\n ],\n [\n -93.03771972656249,\n 44.71161010858431\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50b49d9ce4b0b3fb1a229160","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartsch, Michelle 0000-0002-9571-5564 mbartsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9571-5564","contributorId":3165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Michelle","email":"mbartsch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, Teresa J. 0000-0001-9351-5852","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-5852","contributorId":78696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Teresa J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allran, John W.","contributorId":97297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allran","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A.","contributorId":84138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026210,"text":"70026210 - 2003 - Interpreting tracer breakthrough tailing from different forced-gradient tracer experiment configurations in fractured bedrock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-29T16:20:45.536186","indexId":"70026210","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpreting tracer breakthrough tailing from different forced-gradient tracer experiment configurations in fractured bedrock","docAbstract":"

Conceptual and mathematical models are presented that explain tracer breakthrough tailing in the absence of significant matrix diffusion. Model predictions are compared to field results from radially convergent, weak-dipole, and push-pull tracer experiments conducted in a saturated crystalline bedrock. The models are based upon the assumption that flow is highly channelized, that the mass of tracer in a channel is proportional to the cube of the mean channel aperture, and the mean transport time in the channel is related to the square of the mean channel aperture. These models predict the consistent −2 straight line power law slope observed in breakthrough from radially convergent and weak-dipole tracer experiments and the variable straight line power law slope observed in push-pull tracer experiments with varying injection volumes. The power law breakthrough slope is predicted in the absence of matrix diffusion. A comparison of tracer experiments in which the flow field was reversed to those in which it was not indicates that the apparent dispersion in the breakthrough curve is partially reversible. We hypothesize that the observed breakthrough tailing is due to a combination of local hydrodynamic dispersion, which always increases in the direction of fluid velocity, and heterogeneous advection, which is partially reversed when the flow field is reversed. In spite of our attempt to account for heterogeneous advection using a multipath approach, a much smaller estimate of hydrodynamic dispersivity was obtained from push-pull experiments than from radially convergent or weak dipole experiments. These results suggest that although we can explain breakthrough tailing as an advective phenomenon, we cannot ignore the relationship between hydrodynamic dispersion and flow field geometry at this site. The design of the tracer experiment can severely impact the estimation of hydrodynamic dispersion and matrix diffusion in highly heterogeneous geologic media.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2001WR001190","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Becker, M., and Shapiro, A., 2003, Interpreting tracer breakthrough tailing from different forced-gradient tracer experiment configurations in fractured bedrock: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 1, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2001WR001190.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001wr001190","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388628,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d96e4b0c8380cd636a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becker, M.W.","contributorId":35896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shapiro, A.M. 0000-0002-6425-9607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":88384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":408573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025443,"text":"70025443 - 2003 - Impact of structural and autocyclic basin-floor topography on the depositional evolution of the deep-water Valparaiso forearc basin, central Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70025443","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":972,"text":"Basin Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of structural and autocyclic basin-floor topography on the depositional evolution of the deep-water Valparaiso forearc basin, central Chile","docAbstract":"The Valparaiso Basin constitutes a unique and prominent deep-water forearc basin underlying a 40-km by 60-km mid-slope terrace at 2.5-km water depth on the central Chile margin. Seismic-reflection data, collected as part of the CONDOR investigation, image a 3-3.5-km thick sediment succession that fills a smoothly sagged, margin-parallel, elongated trough at the base of the upper slope. In response to underthrusting of the Juan Ferna??ndez Ridge on the Nazca plate, the basin fill is increasingly deformed in the seaward direction above seaward-vergent outer forearc compressional highs. Syn-depositional growth of a large, margin-parallel monoclinal high in conjunction with sagging of the inner trough of the basin created stratal geometries similar to those observed in forearc basins bordered by large accretionary prisms. Margin-parallel compressional ridges diverted turbidity currents along the basin axis and exerted a direct control on sediment depositional processes. As structural depressions became buried, transverse input from point sources on the adjacent upper slope formed complex fan systems with sediment waves characterising the overbank environment, common on many Pleistocene turbidite systems. Mass failure as a result of local topographic inversion formed a prominent mass-flow deposit, and ultimately resulted in canyon formation and hence a new focused point source feeding the basin. The Valparaiso Basin is presently filled to the spill point of the outer forearc highs, causing headward erosion of incipient canyons into the basin fill and allowing bypass of sediment to the Chile Trench. Age estimates that are constrained by subduction-related syn-depositional deformation of the upper 700-800m of the basin fill suggest that glacio-eustatic sea-level lowstands, in conjunction with accelerated denudation rates, within the past 350 ka may have contributed to the increase in simultaneously active point sources along the upper slope as well as an increased complexity of proximal depositional facies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Basin Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2117.2003.00205.x","issn":"0950091X","usgsCitation":"Laursen, J., and Normark, W.R., 2003, Impact of structural and autocyclic basin-floor topography on the depositional evolution of the deep-water Valparaiso forearc basin, central Chile: Basin Research, v. 15, no. 2, p. 201-226, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2117.2003.00205.x.","startPage":"201","endPage":"226","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209577,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2117.2003.00205.x"},{"id":236193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38cbe4b0c8380cd616c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laursen, J.","contributorId":46718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laursen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70024893,"text":"70024893 - 2003 - Feedback-driven response to multidecadal climatic variability at an alpine treeline","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-11T06:36:05","indexId":"70024893","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3059,"text":"Physical Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feedback-driven response to multidecadal climatic variability at an alpine treeline","docAbstract":"

The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) has significant climatological and ecological effects in northwestern North America. Its possible effects and their modification by feedbacks are examined in the forest-tundra ecotone in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Tree ring samples were collected to estimate establishment dates in 10 quadrats. Age-diameter regressions were used to estimate the ages of uncored trees. The temporal pattern of establishment and survival was compared to the pattern of the PDO. A wave of establishment began in the mid-1940s, rose to a peak rate in the mid-1970s, and dropped precipitously beginning ca. 1980 to near zero for the 1990s. The period of establishment primarily coincided with the negative phase of the PDO, but the establishment and survival pattern is not correlated with the PDO index. The pattern indicates a period during which establishment was possible and was augmented by positive feedback from surviving trees. Snow may be the most important factor in the feedback, but studies indicate that its effects vary locally. Spatially differentiated analyses of decadal or longer periodicity may elucidate responses to climatic variation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.2747/0272-3646.24.6.520","issn":"02723646","usgsCitation":"Alftine, K., Malanson, G., and Fagre, D., 2003, Feedback-driven response to multidecadal climatic variability at an alpine treeline: Physical Geography, v. 24, no. 6, p. 520-535, https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3646.24.6.520.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"520","endPage":"535","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.1202392578125,\n 48.07807894349862\n ],\n [\n -112.45056152343749,\n 48.07807894349862\n ],\n [\n -112.45056152343749,\n 48.99824008113872\n ],\n [\n -115.1202392578125,\n 48.99824008113872\n ],\n [\n -115.1202392578125,\n 48.07807894349862\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f65e4b0c8380cd538b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alftine, K.J.","contributorId":63201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alftine","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malanson, G.P.","contributorId":14982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malanson","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagre, D.B.","contributorId":52135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024621,"text":"70024621 - 2003 - Sulfur geochemistry of hydrothermal waters in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. III. An anion-exchange resin technique for sampling and preservation of sulfoxyanions in natural waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:14","indexId":"70024621","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1755,"text":"Geochemical Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfur geochemistry of hydrothermal waters in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. III. An anion-exchange resin technique for sampling and preservation of sulfoxyanions in natural waters","docAbstract":"A sampling protocol for the retention, extraction, and analysis of sulfoxyanions in hydrothermal waters has been developed in the laboratory and tested at Yellowstone National Park and Green Lake, NY. Initial laboratory testing of the anion-exchange resin Bio-Rad??? AG1-X8 indicated that the resin was well suited for the sampling, preservation, and extraction of sulfate and thiosulfate. Synthetic solutions containing sulfate and thiosulfate were passed through AG1-X8 resin columns and eluted with 1 and 3 M KCl, respectively. Recovery ranged from 89 to 100%. Comparison of results for water samples collected from five pools in Yellowstone National Park between on-site IC analysis (U.S. Geological Survey mobile lab) and IC analysis of resin-stored sample at SUNY-Stony Brook indicates 96 to 100% agreement for three pools (Cinder, Cistern, and an unnamed pool near Cistern) and 76 and 63% agreement for two pools (Sulfur Dust and Frying Pan). Attempts to extract polythionates from the AG1-X8 resin were made using HCl solutions, but were unsuccessful. Bio-Rad??? AG2-X8, an anion-exchange resin with weaker binding sites than the AG1-X8 resin, is better suited for polythionate extraction. Sulfate and thiosulfate extraction with this resin has been accomplished with KCl solutions of 0.1 and 0.5 M, respectively. Trithionate and tetrathionate can be extracted with 4 M KCl. Higher polythionates can be extracted with 9 M hydrochloric acid. Polythionate concentrations can then be determined directly using ion chromatographic methods, and laboratory results indicate recovery of up to 90% for synthetic polythionate solutions using AG2-X8 resin columns. ?? The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Division of Geochemistry of the American Chemical Society 2003.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemical Transactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1039/b211951j","issn":"14674866","usgsCitation":"Druschel, G., Schoonen, M., Nordstorm, D., Ball, J., Xu, Y., and Cohn, C., 2003, Sulfur geochemistry of hydrothermal waters in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. III. An anion-exchange resin technique for sampling and preservation of sulfoxyanions in natural waters: Geochemical Transactions, v. 4, p. 12-19, https://doi.org/10.1039/b211951j.","startPage":"12","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478488,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/b211951j","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":207643,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b211951j"},{"id":232771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-06-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9dd6e4b08c986b31daf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Druschel, G.K.","contributorId":62374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Druschel","given":"G.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoonen, M.A.A.","contributorId":82479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoonen","given":"M.A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstorm, D.K.","contributorId":98081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstorm","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ball, J.W.","contributorId":67507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cohn, C.A.","contributorId":51061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70156524,"text":"70156524 - 2003 - IKONOS geometric characterization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-24T12:36:53","indexId":"70156524","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"IKONOS geometric characterization","docAbstract":"

The IKONOS spacecraft acquired images on July 3, 17, and 25, and August 13, 2001 of Brookings SD, a small city in east central South Dakota, and on May 22, June 30, and July 30, 2000, of the rural area around the EROS Data Center. South Dakota State University (SDSU) evaluated the Brookings scenes and the USGS EROS Data Center (EDC) evaluated the other scenes. The images evaluated by SDSU utilized various natural objects and man-made features as identifiable targets randomly distribution throughout the scenes, while the images evaluated by EDC utilized pre-marked artificial points (panel points) to provide the best possible targets distributed in a grid pattern. Space Imaging provided products at different processing levels to each institution. For each scene, the pixel (line, sample) locations of the various targets were compared to field observed, survey-grade Global Positioning System locations. Patterns of error distribution for each product were plotted, and a variety of statistical statements of accuracy are made. The IKONOS sensor also acquired 12 pairs of stereo images of globally distributed scenes between April 2000 and April 2001. For each scene, analysts at the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) compared derived photogrammetric coordinates to their corresponding NIMA field-surveyed ground control point (GCPs). NIMA analysts determined horizontal and vertical accuracies by averaging the differences between the derived photogrammetric points and the field-surveyed GCPs for all 12 stereo pairs. Patterns of error distribution for each scene are presented.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2003.04.002","usgsCitation":"Helder, D., Coan, M., Patrick, K., and Gaska, P., 2003, IKONOS geometric characterization: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 88, no. 1-2, p. 69-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2003.04.002.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"79","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dc402fe4b0518e354d1101","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helder, Dennis 0000-0002-7379-4679","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-4679","contributorId":99714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helder","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coan, Michael mcoan@usgs.gov","contributorId":5398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coan","given":"Michael","email":"mcoan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":569386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patrick, Kevin","contributorId":146904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patrick","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaska, Peter","contributorId":146905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaska","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026346,"text":"70026346 - 2003 - Variability of the seasonally integrated normalized difference vegetation index across the north slope of Alaska in the 1990s","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T11:11:26","indexId":"70026346","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variability of the seasonally integrated normalized difference vegetation index across the north slope of Alaska in the 1990s","docAbstract":"

The interannual variability and trend of above-ground photosynthetic activity of Arctic tundra vegetation in the 1990s is examined for the north slope region of Alaska, based on the seasonally integrated normalized difference vegetation index (SINDVI) derived from local area coverage (LAC) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data. Smaller SINDVI values occurred during the three years (1992-1994) following the volcanic eruption of Mt Pinatubo. Even after implementing corrections for this stratospheric aerosol effect and adjusting for changes in radiometric calibration coefficients, an apparent increasing trend of SINDVI in the 1990s is evident for the entire north slope. The most pronounced increase was observed for the foothills physiographical province.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/0143116021000020144","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Stow, D., Daeschner, S., Hope, A., Douglas, D., Petersen, A., Myneni, R.B., Zhou, L., and Oechel, W., 2003, Variability of the seasonally integrated normalized difference vegetation index across the north slope of Alaska in the 1990s: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 24, no. 5, p. 1111-1117, https://doi.org/10.1080/0143116021000020144.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1111","endPage":"1117","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168.48632812499997,\n 66.79190947341796\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 66.79190947341796\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 71.93815765811694\n ],\n [\n -168.48632812499997,\n 71.93815765811694\n ],\n [\n -168.48632812499997,\n 66.79190947341796\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc13ee4b08c986b32a4ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stow, D.","contributorId":79271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stow","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daeschner, Scott","contributorId":41192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daeschner","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hope, A.","contributorId":97036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hope","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":409099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Petersen, A.","contributorId":40383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Myneni, Ranga B.","contributorId":33901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myneni","given":"Ranga","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13570,"text":"Boston University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":409102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zhou, L.","contributorId":68455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Oechel, W.","contributorId":76104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oechel","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70026206,"text":"70026206 - 2003 - Geoarchaeological investigations at the Winger site: A Late Paleoindian bison bonebed in Southwestern Kansas, U.S.A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:35","indexId":"70026206","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1749,"text":"Geoarchaeology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geoarchaeological investigations at the Winger site: A Late Paleoindian bison bonebed in Southwestern Kansas, U.S.A","docAbstract":"The Winger site is a deeply buried Late Paleoindian bison bonebed in a playa basin on the High Plains of midcontinental North America. The site is one of few stratified, Late Paleoindian bison kills recorded in the region. The bonebed is exposed in the bank of an intermittent stream that cut into the edge of the playa basin. Avocational archaeologists excavated a small portion of the exposed bonebed in the early 1970s and reported flakes in association with the skeletal remains. Limited reinvestigations of the site were undertaken in 2001, and a monthlong excavation was conducted in 2002 to assess the stratigraphy, geochronology, and archaeology. The bonebed is 35 ni long in a buried soil developed in fine-grained basin fill overlain by early Holocene alluvium (arroyo fill). Recent alluvium overlies a soil developed in the early Holocene alluvium, and modern deposits of eolian sand 2 to to < 35 cm thick mantle the site area. Artifacts found at the site include two Allen points and a flake tool discovered in the bone bed, and a biface and Allen point fragment in disturbed bonebed deposits. Excavation of 9 m2 of the bone bed revealed some fully articulated skeletons, and taphonomic observations suggest some of the bison collapsed while standing in a playa or pond margin setting. The remains of at least six bison are represented in the excavated sample from 2002, but many more animals are represented in the bonebed. A 14C age of ca. 9000 yr B.P. was determined on collagen from bison rib fragments. This age is consistent with the diagnostic artifacts found at Winger. ?? 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoarchaeology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/gea.10054","issn":"08836353","usgsCitation":"Mandel, R., and Hofman, J., 2003, Geoarchaeological investigations at the Winger site: A Late Paleoindian bison bonebed in Southwestern Kansas, U.S.A: Geoarchaeology, v. 18, no. 1, p. 129-144, https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.10054.","startPage":"129","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208945,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gea.10054"},{"id":235067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1598e4b0c8380cd54eb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mandel, R.D.","contributorId":58000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandel","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofman, J.L.","contributorId":83717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofman","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025293,"text":"70025293 - 2003 - Polybaric evolution of phonolite, trachyte, and rhyolite volcanoes in eastern Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica: Controls on peralkalinity and silica saturation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-06T21:10:28.185089","indexId":"70025293","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polybaric evolution of phonolite, trachyte, and rhyolite volcanoes in eastern Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica: Controls on peralkalinity and silica saturation","docAbstract":"

In the Marie Byrd Land volcanic province, peralkaline and metaluminous trachytes, phonolites, and rhyolites occur in 18 large shield volcanoes that are closely associated in time and space. They are arrayed radially across an 800 km wide structural dome, with the oldest at the crest and the youngest around the flanks. Several lines of evidence suggest that these rocks evolved via opensystem, polybaric fractionation. We have used mass balance modeling of major elements together with trace-element data and mineral chemistry to help explain the evolution of this diverse suite of felsic rocks, which appear to have been generated coevally in isolated magma chambers, and erupted close to each other in patterns related to tectonic uplift and extension within the West Antarctic rift system. Isotopic and trace-element data indicate that this occurred with only minimal crustal contamination. We focus on volcanoes of the Executive Committee Range and Mount Murphy, where we find good representation of basalts and felsic rocks within a small area. Our results suggest that the felsic rocks were derived from basaltic magmas that differentiated at multiple levels during their passage to the surface: first to ferrogabbroic compositions near the base of the lithosphere, then to intermediate compositions near the base of the crust, and finally to felsic compositions in mid- to upper crustal reservoirs. The high-pressure history has been largely masked by low-pressure processes. The best indications of a high-pressure history are the mineral phases in cumulate nodules and their correlation with modeling results, with REE anomalies, and with the composition of an unusual gabbroic intrusion. Silica saturation characteristics are believed to have originated in magma chambers near the base of the crust, via fractionation of variable proportions of kaersutite and plagioclase. Development of peralkalinity in felsic rocks took place in upper crustal reservoirs by fractionating a high ratio of plagioclase to clinopyroxene under conditions of low pH2O. With increasing pH2O, the ratio plagioclase/clinopyroxene in the fractionated assemblage decreases and metaluminous liquids resulted. Crustal contamination seems to have had a role in suppressing peralkalinity, and was probably a factor in the origin of high-silica metaluminous rhyolite, but metaluminous rocks are uncommon. The volume and diversity of felsic rocks were probably enhanced by the structure of the lithosphere, the persistence of plume activity, and the immobility of the Antarctic plate. Mechanical boundaries at the base of the lithosphere and crust, and within the crust, appear to have acted as filters, trapping magmas at multiple levels, and prolonging the fractionation process. Final volumes would have been further enhanced by repeated refluxing of the same magma chambers, controlled by plume activity and plate immobility.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.2747/0020-6814.45.12.1055","issn":"00206814","usgsCitation":"LeMasurier, W., Futa, K., Hole, M., and Kawachi, Y., 2003, Polybaric evolution of phonolite, trachyte, and rhyolite volcanoes in eastern Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica: Controls on peralkalinity and silica saturation: International Geology Review, v. 45, no. 12, p. 1055-1099, https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.45.12.1055.","productDescription":"45 p.","startPage":"1055","endPage":"1099","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","volume":"45","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ce6e4b0c8380cd79c3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LeMasurier, W.E.","contributorId":7006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeMasurier","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Futa, K.","contributorId":26435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Futa","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hole, M.","contributorId":80876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hole","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kawachi, Y.","contributorId":45875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kawachi","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024927,"text":"70024927 - 2003 - Evacuation of Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Tags from Northern Pikeminnow Consuming Tagged Juvenile Chinook Salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T15:51:10","indexId":"70024927","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evacuation of Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Tags from Northern Pikeminnow Consuming Tagged Juvenile Chinook Salmon","docAbstract":"

Prey fish implanted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags can be used in predation studies if the timing of tag evacuation from the predators is understood. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine how PIT tags in juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha that were consumed by northern pikeminnow Ptychocheilus oregonensis were evacuated in relation to various parameters. The rate of evacuation was directly related to temperature, while predator size and the number of prey consumed had less effect on the timing of tag evacuation. A power model was fitted to predict the proportion of tags expected to be evacuated at different intervals after ingestion. These results could be used in planning field or laboratory predation experiments with PIT-tagged prey fish.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M02-079","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J., and Barfoot, C., 2003, Evacuation of Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Tags from Northern Pikeminnow Consuming Tagged Juvenile Chinook Salmon: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 23, no. 4, p. 1265-1270, https://doi.org/10.1577/M02-079.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1265","endPage":"1270","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207816,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M02-079"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bd4e4b0c8380cd528d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, J.H.","contributorId":72154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barfoot, C.A.","contributorId":51490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barfoot","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025125,"text":"70025125 - 2003 - Diel cycles in dissolved metal concentrations in streams: Occurrence and possible causes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T08:36:39","indexId":"70025125","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel cycles in dissolved metal concentrations in streams: Occurrence and possible causes","docAbstract":"

Substantial diel (24‐hour) cycles in dissolved (0.1‐μm filtration) metal concentrations were observed during low flow for 18 sampling episodes at 14 sites on 12 neutral and alkaline streams draining historical mining areas in Montana and Idaho. At some sites, concentrations of Cd, Mn, Ni, and Zn increased as much as 119, 306, 167, and 500%, respectively, from afternoon minimum values to maximum values shortly after sunrise. Arsenic concentrations exhibited the inverse temporal pattern with increases of up to 54%. Variations in Cu concentrations were small and inconsistent. Diel metal cycles are widespread and persistent, occur over a wide range of metal concentrations, and likely are caused primarily by instream geochemical processes. Adsorption is the only process that can explain the inverse temporal patterns of As and the divalent metals. Diel metal cycles have important implications for many types of water‐quality studies and for understanding trace‐metal mobility.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002WR001571","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D.A., Gammons, C.H., Cleasby, T., Madison, J.P., Skaar, D., and Brick, C.M., 2003, Diel cycles in dissolved metal concentrations in streams: Occurrence and possible causes: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 9, p. 2-1-2-17, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001571.","productDescription":"Article 1247; 17 p.","startPage":"2-1","endPage":"2-17","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478497,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2002wr001571","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00c0e4b0c8380cd4f8cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gammons, Chris","contributorId":140801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gammons","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":13574,"text":"Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":403904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleasby, Tom 0000-0003-0694-1541 tcleasby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-1541","contributorId":1137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleasby","given":"Tom","email":"tcleasby@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":403908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Madison, James P.","contributorId":171749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madison","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Skaar, Don","contributorId":9171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skaar","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brick, Christine M.","contributorId":99481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brick","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70179823,"text":"70179823 - 2003 - IHN virus traffic in the Columbia River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:39:18","indexId":"70179823","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"IHN virus traffic in the Columbia River basin","docAbstract":"

Abstract not available 

","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the american fisheries society symposium on propagated fish in resource management","conferenceTitle":"American fisheries society symposium on propagated fish in resource management","conferenceLocation":"Boise, ID","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kurath, G., Garver, K., and Troyer, R., 2003, IHN virus traffic in the Columbia River basin, in Proceedings of the american fisheries society symposium on propagated fish in resource management, Boise, ID.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58808d9ae4b01dfadfff15b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurath, G.","contributorId":152437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garver, K.A.","contributorId":42766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Troyer, R.M.","contributorId":63592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troyer","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025584,"text":"70025584 - 2003 - US Atlantic coast striped bass: Issues with a recovered population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70025584","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"US Atlantic coast striped bass: Issues with a recovered population","docAbstract":"Striped bass, Morone saxatilis (Walbaum), is an anadromous species naturally occurring along the US Atlantic coast, which historically supported valuable commercial and recreational fisheries. In response to a near order-of-magnitude decline in landings, the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission enacted a management plan in 1981 protecting fish until they could spawn at least once. By 1989, recruitment increased in natal rivers and regulations were relaxed, permitting limited fisheries by 1990. By 1995, the stock was declared fully recovered. Since the recovery, concern has increased over the health of the stocks. In the 1990s, fish in poor physical condition with dermal lesions became common in Chesapeake Bay. Pathogens of most concern in cultures from fish include the genus Mycobacterium. Coincident with declines in fish health were changes in diets, declines of preferred prey, and reduced growth and condition. Theories were suggested linking declines in condition to reductions in forage base or pathogens. Diets have changed since the 1950s and while many Chesapeake fish are infected with mycobacteria, it is still not known how or if these factors are linked. The highest priorities for research were considered to be: linking numerous local and regional studies to provide a coast-wide perspective; continuation of investigations linking population health to the prey-base; determination of the cause-effect of mycobacteria infections; and formulation of management options.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2400.2003.00361.x","issn":"0969997X","usgsCitation":"Hartman, K., and Margraf, F., 2003, US Atlantic coast striped bass: Issues with a recovered population: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 10, no. 5, p. 309-312, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2400.2003.00361.x.","startPage":"309","endPage":"312","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209565,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2400.2003.00361.x"},{"id":236165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb44e4b08c986b3285de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartman, K.J.","contributorId":64007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Margraf, F.J.","contributorId":47738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margraf","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025312,"text":"70025312 - 2003 - Simulation of Submarine Ground Water Discharge to a Marine Estuary: Biscayne Bay, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025312","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of Submarine Ground Water Discharge to a Marine Estuary: Biscayne Bay, Florida","docAbstract":"Variable density ground water flow models are rarely used to estimate submarine ground water discharge because of limitations in computer speed, data availability, and availability of a simulation tool that can minimize numerical dispersion. This paper presents an application of the SEAWAT code, which is a combined version of MODFLOW and MT3D, to estimate rates of submarine ground water discharge to a coastal marine estuary. Discharge rates were estimated for Biscayne Bay, Florida, for the period from January 1989 to September 1998 using a three-dimensional, variable density ground water flow and transport model. Hydrologic stresses in the 10-layer model include recharge, evapotranspiration, ground water withdrawals from municipal wellfields, interactions with surface water (canals in urban areas and wetlands in the Everglades), boundary fluxes, and submarine ground water discharge to Biscayne Bay. The model was calibrated by matching ground water levels in monitoring wells, baseflow to canals, and the position of the 1995 salt water intrusion line. Results suggest that fresh submarine ground water discharge to Biscayne Bay may have exceeded surface water discharge during the 1989, 1990, and 1991 dry seasons, but the average discharge for the entire simulation period was only ???10% of the surface water discharge to the bay. Results from the model also suggest that tidal canals intercept fresh ground water that might otherwise have discharged directly to Biscayne Bay. This application demonstrates that regional scale variable density models are potentially useful tools for estimating rates of submarine ground water discharge.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02417.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Langevin, C., 2003, Simulation of Submarine Ground Water Discharge to a Marine Estuary: Biscayne Bay, Florida: Ground Water, v. 41, no. 6, p. 758-771, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02417.x.","startPage":"758","endPage":"771","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209475,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02417.x"},{"id":235964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9007e4b08c986b319294","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langevin, C.D.","contributorId":25976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70024907,"text":"70024907 - 2003 - Echeneid-sirenian associations, with information on sharksucker diet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-16T22:45:41.509403","indexId":"70024907","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Echeneid-sirenian associations, with information on sharksucker diet","docAbstract":"

Association of the sharksucker Echeneis naucrates and whitefin sharksucker E. neucratoides with the West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus and the dugong Dugong dugon is presented and discussed. Alimentary tract-content analysis and field observations suggest that coprophagy (feeding on host faecal material) may be the primary food source for echeneids associated with sirenian hosts. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00236.x","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"Williams, E., Mignucci-Giannoni, A.A., Bunkley-Williams, L., Bonde, R., Self-Sullivan, C., Preen, A., and Cockcroft, V., 2003, Echeneid-sirenian associations, with information on sharksucker diet: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 63, no. 5, p. 1176-1183, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00236.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1176","endPage":"1183","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.619.4020","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0538e4b0c8380cd50cec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, E.H. Jr.","contributorId":17782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"E.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mignucci-Giannoni, A. A.","contributorId":11351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mignucci-Giannoni","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunkley-Williams, Lucy","contributorId":103628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunkley-Williams","given":"Lucy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonde, R. K. 0000-0001-9179-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":63339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"R. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Self-Sullivan, C.","contributorId":70730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Sullivan","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Preen, A.","contributorId":61001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preen","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cockcroft, V.G.","contributorId":24738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cockcroft","given":"V.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70025514,"text":"70025514 - 2003 - Genetic variation among interconnected populations of Catostomus occidentalis: Implications for distinguishing impacts of contaminants from biogeographical structuring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T16:24:24","indexId":"70025514","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic variation among interconnected populations of Catostomus occidentalis: Implications for distinguishing impacts of contaminants from biogeographical structuring","docAbstract":"Exposure to contaminants can affect survivorship, recruitment, reproductive success, mutation rates and migration, and may play a significant role in the partitioning of genetic variation among exposed and nonexposed populations. However, the application of molecular population genetic data to evaluate such influences has been uncommon and often flawed. We tested whether patterns of genetic variation among native fish populations (Sacramento sucker, Catostomus occidentalis) in the Central Valley of California were consistent with long-term pesticide exposure history, or primarily with expectations based on biogeography. Field sampling was designed to rigorously test for both geographical and contamination influences. Fine-scale structure of these interconnected populations was detected with both amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and microsatellite markers, and patterns of variation elucidated by the two marker systems were highly concordant. Analyses indicated that biogeographical hypotheses described the data set better than hypotheses relating to common historical pesticide exposure. Downstream populations had higher genetic diversity than upstream populations, regardless of exposure history, and genetic distances showed that populations from the same river system tended to cluster together. Relatedness among populations reflected primarily directions of gene flow, rather than convergence among contaminant-exposed populations. Watershed geography accounted for significant partitioning of genetic variation among populations, whereas contaminant exposure history did not. Genetic patterns indicating contaminant-induced selection, increased mutation rates or recent bottlenecks were weak or absent. We stress the importance of testing contaminant-induced genetic change hypotheses within a biogeographical context. Strategic application of molecular markers for analysis of fine-scale structure, and for evaluating contaminant impacts on gene pools, is discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01933.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Whitehead, A., Anderson, S., Kuivila, K., Roach, J., and May, B., 2003, Genetic variation among interconnected populations of Catostomus occidentalis: Implications for distinguishing impacts of contaminants from biogeographical structuring: Molecular Ecology, v. 12, no. 10, p. 2817-2833, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01933.x.","startPage":"2817","endPage":"2833","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":209563,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01933.x"},{"id":236161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a158ae4b0c8380cd54e75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehead, A.","contributorId":78514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, S.L.","contributorId":49575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuivila, K.M.","contributorId":34529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roach, J.L.","contributorId":21253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roach","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"May, B.","contributorId":19112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026354,"text":"70026354 - 2003 - The open black box: The role of the end-user in GIS integration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:37","indexId":"70026354","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1165,"text":"Canadian Geographer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The open black box: The role of the end-user in GIS integration","docAbstract":"Formalist theories of knowledge that underpin GIS scholarship on integration neglect the importance and creativity of end-users in knowledge construction. This has practical consequences for the success of large distributed databases that contribute to spatial-data infrastructures. Spatial-data infrastructures depend on participation at local levels, such as counties and watersheds, and they must be developed to support feedback from local users. Looking carefully at the work of scientists in a watershed in Puget Sound, Washington, USA during the salmon crisis reveals that the work of these end-users articulates different worlds of knowledge. This view of the user is consonant with recent work in science and technology studies and research into computer-supported cooperative work. GIS theory will be enhanced when it makes room for these users and supports their practical work. ?? / Canadian Association of Geographers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Geographer","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/1541-0064.02e13","issn":"00083658","usgsCitation":"Poore, B., 2003, The open black box: The role of the end-user in GIS integration: Canadian Geographer, v. 47, no. 1, p. 62-74, https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-0064.02e13.","startPage":"62","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208350,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1541-0064.02e13"},{"id":234044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae56e4b08c986b32400a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poore, B.S.","contributorId":102249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70025985,"text":"70025985 - 2003 - Geologic setting and genesis of the Mule Canyon low-sulfidation epithermal gold-silver deposit, north-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-27T17:47:48.627315","indexId":"70025985","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic setting and genesis of the Mule Canyon low-sulfidation epithermal gold-silver deposit, north-central Nevada","docAbstract":"

The Mule Canyon mine exploited shallow, low-sulfidation, epithermal Au-Ag deposits that lie near the west side of the Northern Nevada rift in northern Lander County, Nevada. Mule Canyon consists of six small deposits that contained premining reserves of about 8.2 Mt at an average grade of 3.81 g Au/tonne. It is an uncommon mafic end member of low-sulfidation Au-Ag deposits associated with tholeiitic bimodal basalt-rhyolite magmatism. The ore is hosted by a basalt-andesite eruptive center that formed between about 16.4 to 15.8 Ma during early mafic eruptions related to regionally extensive bimodal magmatism. Hydrothermal alteration and Au-Ag ores formed at about 15.6 Ma and were tightly controlled by north-northwest- to north-striking high-angle fault and breccia zones developed during rifting, emplacement of mafic dikes, and eruption of mafic lava flows. Hydrothermal alteration assemblages are zoned outward from fluid conduits in the sequence silica-adularia, adularia-smectite, smectite (intermediate argillic), and smectite-carbonate (propylitic). All alteration types contain abundant pyrite and/or marcasite ± arsenopyrite. Field relations indicate that silica-adularia alteration is superimposed on argillic and propylitic alteration. Little or no steam-heated acid-sulfate alteration is present, probably the result of a near-surface water table during hydrothermal alteration and ore deposition. Two distinct ore types are present at Mule Canyon: early replacement and later open-space filling. Replacement ores consist of disseminated and vesicle-filling pyrite, marcasite, and arsenopyrite in argillically altered or weakly silicified rocks. Ore minerals consist of Au-bearing arsenopyrite and arsenian pyrite overgrowths on earlier-formed pyrite and marcasite. Open-space filling ores include narrow stockwork quartz-adularia veins, banded and crustiform opaline and chalcedonic silica-adularia veins, silica-adularia cemented breccias, and sparse carbonate-pyrite and/or marcasite veins. Ore minerals consist mostly of electrum and Ag sulfide and selenide minerals, with minor to major amounts of pyrite, marcasite, and arsenopyrite, and local stibnite. Both types of ores have similar geochemical signatures, characterized by high Au, Ag, As, Sb, and Se contents, locally high Hg, Mo, Tl, and W contents, and low Cu, Pb, and Zn contents. Stable isotope data indicate that ore fluids consisted dominantly of meteoric water that evolved by deep circulation through Paleozoic sedimentary rocks at low water/rock ratios (about 1) and high temperatures (>200°C). Calculated isotopic compositions of ore fluids are δ 18O H2O = -3 to -7 per mil, δD H2O = -107 to -124 per mil, δ 13C CO2 = 0 to -6 per mil, and δ 34S H2S = -3 to +8 per mil. The ore fluids obtained much of their H 2S and CO 2 and probably scavenged ore metals and trace elements from the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. Some H 2S and CO 2 may have been derived from degassing Miocene magmas. Mule Canyon formed at shallow depths, probably about 100 m below the paleosurface. Ore fluids were dilute, nearly neutral in pH, reduced, H 2S-rich, and CO 2-bearing. Peak temperatures in ore zones reached 230° to 265°C at nearly lithostatic pressures when some crystalline quartz ± adularia precipitated, but most ore formed at temperatures <200°C at near hydrostatic pressures and was accompanied by precipitation of opaline and chalcedonic silica ± adularia ± calcite and dolomite. Deposition of gold in As-rich overgrowths on pyrite and/or marcasite in disseminated ores occurred owing to decreasing H 2S in the ore fluids resulting from sulfidation reactions. Later electrum and Ag selenide precipitation in open spaces occurred owing to boiling, loss of H 2S to the vapor phase, and cooling. Mule Canyon is similar to most other low-sulfidation Au-Ag deposits associated with Miocene tholeiitic bimodal basalt-rhyolite magmatism in the Great Basin, such as Sleeper, Midas, and Buckhorn. Major differences at Mule Canyon are the high Fe sulfide contents of some ores and altered wall rocks, the paucity of silicification, and the presence of only narrow and discontinuous gold-bearing siliceous veins. These differences primarily are due to the mafic composition of the host rocks. Mule Canyon differs from low-sulfidation deposits associated with subduction-related calc-alkaline porphyry intrusions, such as the Comstock lode, in that a much smaller proportion of water, salts, and metals was derived from crystallizing magmas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.98.2.425","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"John, D., Hofstra, A., Fleck, R., Brummer, J., and Saderholm, E., 2003, Geologic setting and genesis of the Mule Canyon low-sulfidation epithermal gold-silver deposit, north-central Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 98, no. 2, p. 425-463, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.98.2.425.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"463","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387482,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"north-central Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.43261718749999,\n 39.87601941962116\n ],\n [\n -115.31249999999999,\n 39.87601941962116\n ],\n [\n -115.31249999999999,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -118.43261718749999,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -118.43261718749999,\n 39.87601941962116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a21d1e4b0c8380cd56afb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"John, D. A.","contributorId":43748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, A. H. 0000-0002-2450-1593","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":41426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleck, R.J.","contributorId":25147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brummer, J.E.","contributorId":99350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brummer","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saderholm, E.C.","contributorId":80875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saderholm","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025791,"text":"70025791 - 2003 - The Impact of Turtle Excluder Devices and Fisheries Closures on Loggerhead and Kemp's Ridley Strandings in the Western Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:33","indexId":"70025791","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Impact of Turtle Excluder Devices and Fisheries Closures on Loggerhead and Kemp's Ridley Strandings in the Western Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The Sea Turtle Stranding and Salvage Network has been monitoring turtle strandings for more than 20 years in the United States. High numbers of strandings in the early to mid-1980s prompted regulations to require turtle excluder devices (TEDs) on shrimping vessels (trawlers). Following year-round TED implementation in 1991, however, stranding levels in the Gulf of Mexico increased. We evaluated the efficacy of TEDs and other management actions (e.g., fisheries closures) on loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) turtle populations by analyzing a long-term, stranding data set from the western Gulf of Mexico. Our analyses suggest that both sea turtle population growth and shrimping activity have contributed to the observed increase in strandings. Compliance with regulations requiring turtle excluder devices was a significant factor in accounting for annual stranding variability: low compliance was correlated with high levels of strandings. Our projections suggest that improved compliance with TED regulations will reduce strandings to levels that, in conjunction with other protective measures, should promote population recoveries for loggerhead and Kemp's ridley turtles. Local, seasonal fisheries closures, concurrent with TED enforcement, could reduce strandings to even lower levels. A seasonal closure adjacent to a recently established Kemp's ridley nesting beach may also reduce mortality of nesting adults and thus promote long-term population persistence by fostering the establishment of a robust secondary nesting site.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.02057.x","issn":"08888892","usgsCitation":"Lewison, R., Crowder, L., and Shaver, D., 2003, The Impact of Turtle Excluder Devices and Fisheries Closures on Loggerhead and Kemp's Ridley Strandings in the Western Gulf of Mexico: Conservation Biology, v. 17, no. 4, p. 1089-1097, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.02057.x.","startPage":"1089","endPage":"1097","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208789,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.02057.x"},{"id":234785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba781e4b08c986b3215ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewison, R.L.","contributorId":43543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewison","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crowder, L.B.","contributorId":104437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowder","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaver, D.J.","contributorId":72989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaver","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025492,"text":"70025492 - 2003 - Staghorn tempestites in the Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-29T12:49:04","indexId":"70025492","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Staghorn tempestites in the Florida Keys","docAbstract":"Thirty-one samples of transported Holocene Acropora cervicornis \"sticks\" sampled from carbonate sand tempestite accumulations at 19 sites along a 180-km-long stretch of the Florida reef tract were dated using the radiocarbon (14C) method. The \"modern fossils\" collected from just a few centimeters below the surface ranged in age from 0.5 to 6.4 ka. The majority lived between 3.5 and 5.5 ka. The time of transport and deposition is not known. There were no A. cervicornis samples centered around 4.5 ka. Acropora cervicornis is living on many Florida reefs, but the youngest tempestite sample was 500 years old. Two 500-year-long gaps in dated staghorn suggest that the documented decline in living A. cervicornis over the past 25 years may not be without precedent.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral Reefs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00338-003-0289-2","issn":"07224028","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E., Reich, C., Hickey, T., and Lidz, B.H., 2003, Staghorn tempestites in the Florida Keys: Coral Reefs, v. 22, no. 2, p. 91-97, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-003-0289-2.","startPage":"91","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209379,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-003-0289-2"},{"id":235750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b969ce4b08c986b31b5f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, C. D. 0000-0002-2534-1456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":36978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickey, T.D.","contributorId":17803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lidz, B. H.","contributorId":30651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":47841,"text":"fs03303 - 2003 - Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:48","indexId":"fs03303","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"033-03","title":"Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests","docAbstract":"As a result of recent fire history and decades of even-aged forest management,\r\nmany coniferous forests in western Oregon are composed of young (20-50 yrs), densely stocked Douglas-fir stands. Often these stands are structurally\r\nsimple - a single canopy layer with one or two overstory tree species - and have a relatively sparse understory. The lack of structural complexity in these stands may limit the availability of key habitat components for several species of vertebrates, including birds.\r\n\r\nThinning may increase structural diversity by reducing competition among\r\noverstory trees and increasing the amount of sunlight reaching the forest floor,\r\nthereby increasing development of understory vegetation. Existing old-growth\r\nforests may have developed under lower densities than is typical of contemporary\r\nplantations. Thus, thinning also may be a tool for accelerating the development of late-successional forest conditions in some circumstances. In addition to the\r\npotential increases in structural and biological diversity, thinning frequently is used to optimize wood fiber production and to generate timber revenue.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs03303","usgsCitation":"Hayes, J.P., Weikel, J.M., Huso, M.M., and Erickson, J.L., 2003, Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 033-03, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs03303.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_033_03.jpg"},{"id":4046,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fsl.orst.edu/cfer/pdfs/Thinning.pdf","size":"600","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610f11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, John P.","contributorId":12100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weikel, Jennifer M.","contributorId":81970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weikel","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huso, Manuela M. P. mhuso@usgs.gov","contributorId":4487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huso","given":"Manuela","email":"mhuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M. P.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":236354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erickson, Janet L.","contributorId":39847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}