Benthic invertebrates play an important role in estuarine food webs and biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nutrients, and contaminants. The generally sedentary benthic invertebrates continuously integrate local water, sediment, and food conditions. This makes them good indicators of the type and quality of aquatic habitat at the location where they are found.
\nThe Interagency Ecological Program’s Environmental Monitoring Program (EMP) has monitored benthic invertebrates since the mid-1970s. A recent review of the EMP found that the spatial study design of the benthos monitoring element was in need of a thorough reexamination through intense special studies and extensive historic data analyses. This article reports the results of preliminary analyses of historical EMP data focusing on cross-channel variability. Specific questions are: (1) do benthic habitats and community assemblages vary between positions across a river channel? (2) Are benthic samples taken at a single channel position sufficiently representative of benthos assemblages across the channel to characterize long term changes in the benthos community of a particular section of a river?
","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the San Francisco Estuary","usgsCitation":"Vayssieres, M., and Peterson, H., 2003, Cross-channel variability in benthic habitat: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 16, no. 2, p. 51-56.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.water.ca.gov/iep/newsletters/2003/IEPnewsletterSpring.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.84696197509766,\n 38.043629917070525\n ],\n [\n -121.84696197509766,\n 38.07782512263081\n ],\n [\n -121.79254531860352,\n 38.07782512263081\n ],\n [\n -121.79254531860352,\n 38.043629917070525\n ],\n [\n -121.84696197509766,\n 38.043629917070525\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5787662ee4b0d27deb36e17f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vayssieres, Marc","contributorId":172880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vayssieres","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, Heather","contributorId":172879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174719,"text":"70174719 - 2003 - Lessons from monitoring water quality in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-28T15:09:02","indexId":"70174719","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Lessons from monitoring water quality in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"San Francisco Bay is the defining landscape feature of the place we call ‘The Bay Area,’ but most of us only experience the Bay as we view it from an airplane window or drive across one of its bridges. These views from afar suggest that the Bay is static and sterile, but this impression is deceptive. If you are one of the many thousands of students who have experienced the Bay through a school excursion with the Marine Science Institute or other educational programs, you observed its rich plankton soup under a microscope, sorted clams and worms and crustaceans from mud samples, and identified the gobies, sole, halibut, bat rays, sharks, sardines, and smelt caught with trawls. San Francisco Bay is much more than a landscape feature. It is a dynamic ecosystem, continually changing and teeming with life. The Bay once supported the most valuable fisheries on the west coast of the United States, but commercial fishing for shellfish, shrimp, sturgeon, shad, salmon, and striped bass ended many decades ago because of habitat loss, pollution, invasive species and over harvest.
\nBay Area residents feel a sense of responsibility to protect San Francisco Bay and keep it healthy. Some even dream about the recovery of fish stocks so they can sustain commercial fishing once again inside the Bay. How is our Bay doing? Is it highly polluted or pretty clean? How does its health compare with other estuaries in the United States? Are things getting better or worse? Does costly wastewater treatment have benefits? What are the biggest threats to the Bay and how can we reduce or eliminate those threats? How will the Bay change in the future? These questions can only be answered with investments in study and monitoring, and they are the driving force behind the Regional Monitoring Program (RMP). We describe here some selected results from water quality surveillance conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as one component of the RMP. We present results as lessons about how the Bay works as a complex dynamic system, and we show how these lessons are relevant to the broad RMP objectives supporting Bay protection and management.
","language":"English","publisher":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J., Schraga, T., Lopez, C., and Labiosa, R., 2003, Lessons from monitoring water quality in San Francisco Bay, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325278,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sfei.org/documents/2003-pulse-estuary-monitoring-managing-contamination-san-francisco-estuary"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.7120361328125,\n 38.120512892298976\n ],\n [\n -121.84936523437499,\n 38.078365629967145\n ],\n [\n -121.95236206054688,\n 38.10106333042556\n ],\n [\n -121.9976806640625,\n 38.142117442049745\n ],\n [\n -122.05261230468751,\n 38.13779704369439\n ],\n [\n -122.16384887695312,\n 38.0621486721586\n ],\n [\n -122.24349975585938,\n 38.077284611299554\n ],\n [\n -122.29843139648436,\n 38.089174937729794\n ],\n [\n -122.39456176757811,\n 38.1442775452969\n ],\n [\n -122.40692138671874,\n 38.14535757293734\n ],\n [\n -122.49893188476561,\n 38.111869281948955\n ],\n [\n -122.50717163085938,\n 38.02213147353745\n ],\n [\n -122.48794555664061,\n 37.938782346134396\n ],\n [\n -122.50991821289062,\n 37.883524980871336\n ],\n [\n -122.47146606445311,\n 37.80761398306056\n ],\n [\n -122.39181518554686,\n 37.80218877920469\n ],\n [\n -122.3822021484375,\n 37.75551557687061\n ],\n [\n -122.36160278320311,\n 37.72402166460628\n ],\n [\n -122.39730834960938,\n 37.703380457832374\n ],\n [\n -122.38632202148438,\n 37.67512527892127\n ],\n [\n -122.37945556640624,\n 37.64685933620959\n ],\n [\n -122.37533569335936,\n 37.62075814551956\n ],\n [\n -122.36160278320311,\n 37.59138334872581\n ],\n [\n -122.2723388671875,\n 37.568528265476075\n ],\n [\n -122.2283935546875,\n 37.54893261064109\n ],\n [\n -122.18994140624999,\n 37.53259896192619\n ],\n [\n -122.15698242187499,\n 37.49338360812417\n ],\n [\n -122.09793090820311,\n 37.4530574713902\n ],\n [\n -122.0745849609375,\n 37.43015998649174\n ],\n [\n -121.99493408203125,\n 37.414891104246664\n ],\n [\n -121.92352294921874,\n 37.4519672738549\n ],\n [\n -121.95236206054688,\n 37.477037796698056\n ],\n [\n -122.08007812499999,\n 37.51081519807655\n ],\n [\n -122.07046508789062,\n 37.53368798315969\n ],\n [\n -122.18032836914062,\n 37.693601037244406\n ],\n [\n -122.23114013671875,\n 37.77180027337861\n ],\n [\n -122.32864379882811,\n 37.80978395301097\n ],\n [\n -122.29843139648436,\n 37.832564787218985\n ],\n [\n -122.32040405273438,\n 37.90953361677018\n ],\n [\n -122.41241455078125,\n 37.9593578107923\n ],\n [\n -122.37533569335936,\n 37.98642201062662\n ],\n [\n -122.29293823242188,\n 38.02213147353745\n ],\n [\n -122.22427368164064,\n 38.05566088242076\n ],\n [\n -122.14736938476562,\n 38.024295124443995\n ],\n [\n -122.08831787109375,\n 38.039438891821746\n ],\n [\n -121.8878173828125,\n 38.0437651074397\n ],\n [\n -121.80404663085939,\n 38.01239425385966\n ],\n [\n -121.78070068359375,\n 38.01131226070673\n ],\n [\n -121.7779541015625,\n 38.06106741381199\n ],\n [\n -121.69006347656249,\n 38.105385902838094\n ],\n [\n -121.7120361328125,\n 38.120512892298976\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5788b7b9e4b0d27deb387013","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schraga, T.S.","contributorId":107480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schraga","given":"T.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lopez, C.B.","contributorId":67700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Labiosa, R.","contributorId":33138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labiosa","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175034,"text":"70175034 - 2003 - Continuous monitoring of suspended sediment discharge in rivers by use of optical backscatterance sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T13:46:09","indexId":"70175034","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Continuous monitoring of suspended sediment discharge in rivers by use of optical backscatterance sensors","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Erosion and sediment transport measurement: Technological and methodological advances: International Association for Hydrological Science Publication 283","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Hydrological Science","usgsCitation":"Schoellhamer, D., and Wright, S., 2003, Continuous monitoring of suspended sediment discharge in rivers by use of optical backscatterance sensors, chap. of Erosion and sediment transport measurement: Technological and methodological advances: International Association for Hydrological Science Publication 283, p. 28-36.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db40e4b0589fa1c7e78d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoellhamer, D. H. 0000-0001-9488-7340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":85624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"D. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, S.A.","contributorId":90080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1001724,"text":"1001724 - 2003 - First record of Dasycorixa rawsoni (Hemiptera: Corixidae) in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T10:08:14","indexId":"1001724","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1520,"text":"Entomological News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First record of Dasycorixa rawsoni (Hemiptera: Corixidae) in the United States","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Entomological News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hanson, B., Euliss, N., Mushet, D., and Chorda, S.W., 2003, First record of Dasycorixa rawsoni (Hemiptera: Corixidae) in the United States: Entomological News, v. 114, no. 4, p. 235-236.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"236","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4413","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, B.A.","contributorId":40553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Euliss, N.H. Jr.","contributorId":54917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"N.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mushet, D.M. 0000-0002-5910-2744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":59377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chorda, S. W. III","contributorId":58138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chorda","given":"S.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1003476,"text":"1003476 - 2003 - Environmental fate and effects of the lampricide bayluscide: a review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:07","indexId":"1003476","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental fate and effects of the lampricide bayluscide: a review","docAbstract":"Bayluscide is an additive to TFM that increases the effectiveness of TFM as a lampricide. A review of the literature was undertaken to determine the environmental fate and effects of Bayluscide. Niclosamide (2', 5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide), the active ingredient of Bayluscide, degrades rapidly in natural water and sediment systems, however, the rate of degradation is very slow in autoclaved samples. This difference suggests that degradation under laboratory conditions is dependent on microbial activity and hydrolysis plays a minor role in degradation of niclosamide. The major degradation product of niclosamide has been reported to be aminoniclosamide (2',5-dichloro-4'-aminosalicylanilide), which represented more than 50% of the residues extractable from sediments. Significantly more of the chemical is adsorbed to sediments with higher organic content and at lower pH's. The mobility of niclosamide in soil can be characterized as slight to medium; the estimated leaching distance would range from 0 to > 25 cm depending on the soil type and pH. The active ingredient of Bayluscide (niclosamide) is decomposed by ultra-violet light depending on the intensity and duration of the exposure. The uptake of residues by most invertebrates exposed to super(14)C-niclosamide is fairly rapid and equilibrium is reached within 24 h. About 90% of the accumulated residues were lost within 48 h after the organisms were transferred to clean flowing water. As with invertebrates, fish rapidly accumulate and eliminate residues of niclosamide. Three distinct residues were isolated from the extracts of edible fillet tissue; parent niclosamide, the glucuronide conjugate of niclosamide, and the sulfate ester of niclosamide. Aquatic plants and agricultural crops do not appear to be adversely affected at concentrations of Bayluscide used for lamprey or snail control. Mayflies (Hexagenia sp.). tend to be susceptible to TFM, but are relatively resistant to the effects of exposure to Bayluscide. Bayluscide was originally developed as a molluscicide to eliminate snails. Therefore, it is not surprising that mollusks are extremely sensitive to Bayluscide. Oral, dermal, and ocular administration of Bayluscide to mammals resulted in no clinical signs of systemic toxicity. Tests of the chronic effects of Bayluscide indicated that it is not mutagenic or carcinogenic. Bayluscide is not persistent in the environment; it breaks down in natural water and sediment systems through hydrolysis, photolysis, and microbial degradation. Given the limited use and tight control maintained by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service during applications of lampricides, Bayluscide presents minimal risk to human health and safety of the environment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dawson, V.K., 2003, Environmental fate and effects of the lampricide bayluscide: a review: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29 Suppl. 1, p. 475-492.","productDescription":"pp. 475-492","startPage":"475","endPage":"492","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29 Suppl. 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6023bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, Verdel K.","contributorId":81836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Verdel","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003477,"text":"1003477 - 2003 - Acute toxicity of TFM and a TFM/niclosamide mixture to selected species of fish, including lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and mudpuppies (Necturus maculosus), in laboratory and field exposures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-18T16:01:56","indexId":"1003477","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acute toxicity of TFM and a TFM/niclosamide mixture to selected species of fish, including lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and mudpuppies (Necturus maculosus), in laboratory and field exposures","docAbstract":"The toxicity of the lampricides 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) and 2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide (niclosamide) to non-target fishes has been a major point of concern since their use to control larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations began in the early 1960s. The toxicity of TFM to several non-target fish species has been demonstrated in previous studies. However, little information is available on the toxicity of the TFM/1% niclosamide mixture. One species of particular concern is the lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens). Juvenile lake sturgeon of several size ranges were exposed to determine potential effects of the lampricides to individuals present in treatment streams. Sac fry were most resistant to the lampricides followed by fingerlings in the 200 to 225 mm size range. Swim-up fry and fingerlings less than 100 mm were the most sensitive. Concentrations that produced 50% mortality (LC50s) in juvenile lake sturgeon of these smaller size ranges were at or near the minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) required for effective control of larval sea lampreys. The mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus), an amphibian native to several tributaries of the Great Lakes, have also become a species of interest in recent years. Laboratory tests conducted with TFM and a TFM/1% niclosamide mixture on adult mudpuppies indicate that although the amphibian is sensitive to the lampricides, an adequate margin of safety exists for adult mudpuppies to survive when exposed during stream treatments. Fifteen other fish species native to streams treated with lampricides were investigated in the laboratory to determine their sensitivity to the lampricides. Centrarchids, bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) were the least sensitive to TFM, while ictalurids, black bullhead (Ictalurus melas), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), and tadpole madtom (Notorus gyrinus) were the most sensitive. On-site bioassays conducted before lampricide treatments also revealed that lake sturgeon, channel catfish, and whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) were sensitive to the lampricides although considerably less sensitive compared to sea lamprey.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70514-0","usgsCitation":"Boogaard, M., Bills, T., and Johnson, D., 2003, Acute toxicity of TFM and a TFM/niclosamide mixture to selected species of fish, including lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and mudpuppies (Necturus maculosus), in laboratory and field exposures: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, no. Supplement 1, p. 529-541, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70514-0.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"529","endPage":"541","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264120,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70514-0"}],"volume":"29","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boogaard, M.A.","contributorId":92994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boogaard","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bills, T.D.","contributorId":6393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, D.A.","contributorId":61370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003021,"text":"1003021 - 2003 - Efficacy of hydrogen peroxide in controlling mortality associated with saprolegniasis on walleye, white sucker, and paddlefish eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T17:37:20.7904","indexId":"1003021","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of hydrogen peroxide in controlling mortality associated with saprolegniasis on walleye, white sucker, and paddlefish eggs","docAbstract":"The efficacy of hydrogen peroxide in controlling saprolegniasis on eggs of walleye Stizostedion vitreum, white sucker Catostomus commersoni, and paddlefish Polyodon spathula was evaluated at four private, state, and federal production hatcheries participating in an Investigational New Animal Drug efficacy study (experiment 1; walleyes) and in a laboratory-based miniature egg jar incubation system (experiment 2; walleyes, white suckers, and paddlefish). Naturally occurring fungal infestations (saprolegniasis) were observed on eggs in both experiments. Confirmatory diagnosis of infested eggs from one hatchery in experiment 1 identified the pathogen as Saprolegnia parasitica. During experiment 1, eggs were treated daily for 15 min with either 0, 500, or 750 mg/L of hydrogen peroxide, and one trial compared a 500-mg/L hydrogen peroxide treatment with a formalin treatment at 1,667 mg/L. Saprolegniasis infestation was observed in control egg jars, whereas treatment with either formalin or hydrogen peroxide virtually eliminated the infestation. Hydrogen peroxide treatments of 500 mg/L either increased egg hatch or were as effective as physical removal of infested eggs in controlling mortality. Although treatment with formalin at 1,667 mg/L significantly increased the percent eye-up of walleye eggs compared with that of those treated with hydrogen peroxide at 500 mg/L, the difference was only 1.9-2.6%. In experiment 2, noneyed eggs were treated for 15 min every other day with 0, 283, 565, or 1,130 mg/L of hydrogen peroxide until the viable eggs hatched. Saprolegniasis infestation engulfed most control eggs, whereas infestation of treated eggs was either reduced or not visible. Hydrogen peroxide significantly increased egg hatch for all three species tested in experiment 2. Although hydrogen peroxide treatments as low as 283 mg/L significantly increased walleye and white sucker hatch, treatments between 500 and 1,000 mg/L are more likely to be effective in production egg incubation systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/C02-054","issn":"15222055","usgsCitation":"Gaikowski, M., Rach, J., Drobish, M., Hamilton, J., Harder, T., Lee, L., Moen, C., and Moore, A., 2003, Efficacy of hydrogen peroxide in controlling mortality associated with saprolegniasis on walleye, white sucker, and paddlefish eggs: North American Journal of Aquaculture, v. 65, no. 4, p. 349-355, https://doi.org/10.1577/C02-054.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"355","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f5a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaikowski, M.P. 0000-0002-6507-9341","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":51685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rach, J.J.","contributorId":73948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rach","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drobish, M.","contributorId":85533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drobish","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, J.","contributorId":63343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harder, T.","contributorId":65412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harder","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, L.A.","contributorId":54921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moen, C.","contributorId":34079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moen","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Moore, A.","contributorId":29351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":1002988,"text":"1002988 - 2003 - Effects of methyl mercury exposure on the growth of juvenile common loons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-28T16:01:48.335531","indexId":"1002988","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of methyl mercury exposure on the growth of juvenile common loons","docAbstract":"We conducted a dose–response laboratory study to quantify the level of mercury exposure associated with negative effects on the development of common loon chicks reared in captivity from hatch to 105 days. A dose regimen was implemented that provided exposure levels that bracketed relevant exposure levels of methyl mercury found in loon chicks across North America. We observed no overt signs of mercury toxicosis and detected no significant effect of dietary mercury exposure on growth or food consumption. However, asymptotic mass was lower in chicks that hatched from eggs collected from nests on low pH lakes relative to eggs from neutral pH lakes. Rapid excretion of methyl mercury during feather growth likely provides loon chicks protection from methyl mercury toxicity and may explain the lack of convincing toxicological findings in this study. Lake-source effects suggest that in ovo exposure to methyl mercury or other factors related to lake pH have consequences on chick development.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1022598525891","usgsCitation":"Kenow, K., Gutreuter, S., Hines, R.K., Meyer, M., Fournier, F., and Karasov, W.H., 2003, Effects of methyl mercury exposure on the growth of juvenile common loons: Ecotoxicology, v. 12, no. 1-4, p. 171-182, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022598525891.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"182","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387506,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611bad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenow, K.P.","contributorId":18302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutreuter, S.","contributorId":79829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutreuter","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, R. K.","contributorId":27819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, M.W.","contributorId":38094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fournier, F.","contributorId":57001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Karasov, W. H.","contributorId":25889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karasov","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1003555,"text":"1003555 - 2003 - Submersed aquatic vegetation trends in impounded and backwater habitat types in Pool 13, Upper Mississippi River system: 1994-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:22","indexId":"1003555","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2555,"text":"Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submersed aquatic vegetation trends in impounded and backwater habitat types in Pool 13, Upper Mississippi River system: 1994-2000","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Blackburn, T., and Kirby, D., 2003, Submersed aquatic vegetation trends in impounded and backwater habitat types in Pool 13, Upper Mississippi River system: 1994-2000: Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science, v. 110, no. 3-4, p. 51-55.","productDescription":"pp. 51-55","startPage":"51","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blackburn, T.A.","contributorId":92207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackburn","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirby, D.J.","contributorId":72338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000841,"text":"1000841 - 2003 - Boll weevil eradication: a model for sea lamprey control?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-12T07:50:23","indexId":"1000841","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Boll weevil eradication: a model for sea lamprey control?","docAbstract":"Invasions of boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) into the United States and sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) into the Great Lakes were similar in many ways. Important species (American cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, and lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush) and the industries they supported were negatively affected. Initial control efforts were unsuccessful until pesticides and application technologies were developed. For boll weevils, controls relying on pesticides evolved into an integrated program that included recommended farming practices and poisoned baits. However, the discovery of a boll weevil sex pheromone in 1964 allowed adoption of an ongoing program of eradication. Despite opposition over concept and cost, insecticides, pheromone traps, poisoned baits, and approved farming practices were used to eradicate boll weevils from Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama by 1999. Using the working back approach along the path of the original invasion, eradication was nearly completed by 2002 in Mississippi and eradication programs were underway in Arkansas, Tennessee, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and parts of Texas. Insecticide use for cotton production decreased 50 to 90%, and cotton yields and farm income increased an average of 78 kg/ha and $190 U.S./ha in areas where boll weevils were eradicated. For sea lampreys, integrated management uses lampricides, barriers to migration, trapping, and release of sterilized males. Although sea lamprey eradication is not currently feasible, recent research on larval and sex pheromones might provide the tools to make it possible. A successful eradication program for sea lampreys starting in Lake Superior and expanding to the lower Great Lakes would ultimately provide huge ecological and economic benefits by eliminating lampricide applications, removing barriers that block teleost fishes, and facilitating the recovery of lake trout. Should the opportunity arise, the concept of sea lamprey eradication should not be rejected out of hand. The successful boll weevil eradication program shows that sea lamprey eradication might be achievable.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70507-3","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.W., and Swink, W.D., 2003, Boll weevil eradication: a model for sea lamprey control?: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, p. 445-455, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70507-3.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"455","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267261,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70507-3"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db60713a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, James W.","contributorId":47749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swink, William D.","contributorId":60586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swink","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025883,"text":"70025883 - 2003 - Tidal truncation and barotropic convergence in a channel network tidally driven from opposing entrances","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T18:11:30","indexId":"70025883","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal truncation and barotropic convergence in a channel network tidally driven from opposing entrances","docAbstract":"Residual circulation patterns in a channel network that is tidally driven from entrances on opposite sides are controlled by the temporal phasing and spatial asymmetry of the two forcing tides. The Napa/Sonoma Marsh Complex in San Francisco Bay, CA, is such a system. A sill on the west entrance to the system prevents a complete tidal range at spring tides that results in tidal truncation of water levels. Tidal truncation does not occur on the east side but asymmetries develop due to friction and off-channel wetland storage. The east and west asymmetric tides meet in the middle to produce a barotropic convergence zone that controls the transport of water and sediment. During spring tides, tidally averaged water-surface elevations are higher on the truncated west side. This creates tidally averaged fluxes of water and sediment to the east. During neap tides, the water levels are not truncated and the propagation speed of the tides controls residual circulation, creating a tidally averaged flux in the opposite direction. ?? 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00213-5","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Warner, J., Schoellhamer, D., and Schladow, G., 2003, Tidal truncation and barotropic convergence in a channel network tidally driven from opposing entrances: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 56, no. 3-4, p. 629-639, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00213-5.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"639","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"Napa/Sonoma Marsh Complex, San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.79394531249999,\n 37.45741810262938\n ],\n [\n -121.728515625,\n 37.45741810262938\n ],\n [\n -121.728515625,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -123.79394531249999,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -123.79394531249999,\n 37.45741810262938\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb37ce4b08c986b325df6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, J.C.","contributorId":46644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, D.","contributorId":88530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schladow, G.","contributorId":68074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schladow","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000849,"text":"1000849 - 2003 - Growth and condition of alewives in Lake Michigan, 1984-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-19T12:53:46","indexId":"1000849","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and condition of alewives in Lake Michigan, 1984-2001","docAbstract":"Diets of salmonines in Lake Michigan have been dominated by alewives Alosa pseudoharengus since the 1960s, and information on alewife population dynamics is critical to the management of salmonine fisheries. We monitored alewife size at age and condition (K) at several different locations in Lake Michigan during fall 1984–2001. Alewives were aged by enumerating annuli on otoliths. The results indicated that alewife length at age did not trend upward or downward between 1984 and the late 1990s but decreased from the late 1990s to 2001. Alewife weight at age was relatively constant between 1984 and the mid-1990s but decreased from the mid-1990s to 2001. Mean condition for a given alewife age was, on average, 13.7% higher during 1984–1994 than during 1995–2001. This decline in alewife condition was not a density-dependent response by the alewife population because alewife abundance trended neither upward nor downward during 1984–2001. The decline in alewife condition was possibly due to the lakewide decrease in the abundance of Diporeia spp. during the 1990s. Apparently, the availability of the large-bodied invertebrates Diporeia and Mysis spp. was an important regulator of adult alewife growth because alewives attained a substantially larger size in Lake Michigan, where these invertebrates were relatively important constituents of the adult alewife diet, than in Lake Ontario, where these invertebrates were not readily eaten by adult alewives. For age-2 or older females, mean length was 2–9 mm greater than for males. Alewife size at age and condition were slightly higher on the eastern side of Lake Michigan than on the western side.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T02-133","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Holuszko, J.D., and Desorcie, T.J., 2003, Growth and condition of alewives in Lake Michigan, 1984-2001: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 132, no. 6, p. 1104-1116, https://doi.org/10.1577/T02-133.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1104","endPage":"1116","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1458","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holuszko, Jeffrey D.","contributorId":104429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holuszko","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Desorcie, Timothy J. 0000-0002-9965-1668","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9965-1668","contributorId":23480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desorcie","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1002983,"text":"1002983 - 2003 - Trace elements in lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) from the Mississippi flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:07","indexId":"1002983","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace elements in lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) from the Mississippi flyway","docAbstract":"Previous research reported that concentrations of selenium in the livers of 88a??95% of lesser scaup from locations in Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair, and Lake Michigan, USA were either elevated (10a??33 A?g/g dry weight [dw]) or in the potentially harmful range (>33 A?g/g dw). In order to determine the geographic extent of these high selenium concentrations, we collected lesser scaup in Louisiana, Arkansas, Illinois, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Manitoba and analyzed the livers for 19 trace elements. We found that all trace element concentrations, except for selenium, generally were low. Arsenic, which usually is not detected in liver samples, was detected in Louisiana and may be related to past agricultural usages. Chromium, which also is not usually detected, was only present in lesser scaup from Arkansas and may be related to fertilizer applications. Cadmium and mercury concentrations did not differ among locations and concentrations were low. Selenium concentrations in Arkansas (geometric mean=4.2 A?g/g dw) were significantly lower than those in Louisiana (10.7 A?g/g dw), Illinois (10.5 A?g/g dw), and Minnesota (8.0 A?g/gdw); concentrations in Wisconsin and Manitoba were intermediate (6.6 and 6.5 A?g/g dw). About 25% of lesser scaup livers contained elevated selenium concentrations; however, none were in the harmful range. We concluded that selenium concentrations in lesser scaup in the Mississippi Flyway are elevated in some individuals, but not to the extent that has been documented in the industrial portions of the Great Lakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Custer, C.M., Custer, T., Anteau, M., Afton, A., and Wooten, D., 2003, Trace elements in lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) from the Mississippi flyway: Ecotoxicology, v. 12, no. 1-4, p. 47-54.","productDescription":"pp. 47-54","startPage":"47","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15600,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.springerlink.com/content/v1l63l4744831q75/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5701.000000000000000"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696afb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":31330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anteau, M.J.","contributorId":12807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wooten, D.E.","contributorId":92616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooten","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179229,"text":"70179229 - 2003 - Bacterial kidney disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-22T11:07:32","indexId":"70179229","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Bacterial kidney disease","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Suggested procedures for the detection and identification of certain finfish and shellfish pathogens. Blue Book 5th Edition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Pascho, R.J., and Elliott, D.G., 2003, Bacterial kidney disease, chap. of Suggested procedures for the detection and identification of certain finfish and shellfish pathogens. Blue Book 5th Edition, p. 1.14.1-1.14.14.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1.14.1","endPage":"1.14.14","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332467,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585cf4fde4b01224f329bcc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pascho, Ronald J.","contributorId":177070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pascho","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025236,"text":"70025236 - 2003 - Three-dimensional velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in southwestern China and its tectonic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-29T14:04:06.961383","indexId":"70025236","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in southwestern China and its tectonic implications","docAbstract":"Using P and S arrival times from 4625 local and regional earthquakes recorded at 174 seismic stations and associated geophysical investigations, this paper presents a three‐dimensional crustal and upper mantle velocity structure of southwestern China (21°–34°N, 97°–105°E). Southwestern China lies in the transition zone between the uplifted Tibetan plateau to the west and the Yangtze continental platform to the east. In the upper crust a positive velocity anomaly exists in the Sichuan Basin, whereas a large‐scale negative velocity anomaly exists in the western Sichuan Plateau, consistent with the upper crustal structure under the southern Tibetan plateau. The boundary between these two anomaly zones is the Longmen Shan Fault. The negative velocity anomalies at 50‐km depth in the Tengchong volcanic area and the Panxi tectonic zone appear to be associated with temperature and composition variations in the upper mantle. The Red River Fault is the boundary between the positive and negative velocity anomalies at 50‐km depth. The overall features of the crustal and the upper mantle structures in southwestern China are a low average velocity, large crustal thickness variations, the existence of a high‐conductivity layer in the crust or/and upper mantle, and a high heat flow value. All these features are closely related to the collision between the Indian and the Asian plates.
Carlin-type deposits in the Alligator Ridge mining district are present sporadically for 40 km along the north-striking Mooney Basin fault system but are restricted to a 250-m interval of Devonian to Mississippian strata. Their age is bracketed between silicified ca. 45 Ma sedimentary rocks and unaltered 36.5 to 34 Ma volcanic rocks. The silicification is linked to the deposits by its continuity with ore-grade silicification in Devonian-Mississippian strata and by its similar δ 18O values (_e1∼17‰) and trace element signature (As, Sb, Tl, Hg). Eocene reconstruction indicates that the deposits formed at depths of ≤300 to 800 m. In comparison to most Carlin-type gold deposits, they have lower Au/Ag, Au grades, and contained Au, more abundant jasperoid, and textural evidence from deposition of an amorphous silica precursor in jasperoid. These differences most likely result from their shallow depth of formation. The peak fluid temperature (_e1∼230°C) and large δ 18O H2O value shift from the meteroric water line (_e1∼20‰) suggest that ore fluids were derived from depths of 8 km or more. A magnetotelluric survey indicates that the Mooney Basin fault system penetrates to mid-crustal depths. Deep circulation of meteoric water along the Mooney Basin fault system may have been in response to initial uplift of the East Humboldt-Ruby Mountains metamorphic core complex; convection also may have been promoted by increased heat flow associated with large magnitude extension in the core complex and regional magmatism. Ore fluids ascended along the fault system until they encountered impermeable Devonian and Mississippian shales, at which point they moved laterally through permeable strata in the Devonian Guilmette Formation, Devonian-Mississippian Pilot Shale, Mississippian Joana Limestone, and Mississippian Chainman Shale toward erosional windows where they ascended into Eocene fluvial conglomerates and lake sediments. Most gold precipitated by sulfidation of host-rock Fe and mixing with local ground water in zones of lateral fluid flow in reactive strata, such as the Lower Devonian-Mississippian Pilot Shale.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.98.6.1225","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Nutt, C., and Hofstra, A., 2003, Alligator ridge district, East-Central Nevada: Carlin-type gold mineralization at shallow depths: Economic Geology, v. 98, no. 6, p. 1225-1241, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.98.6.1225.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1225","endPage":"1241","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e96be4b0c8380cd4828a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nutt, C.J.","contributorId":52577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nutt","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, A. H. 0000-0002-2450-1593","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":41426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025178,"text":"70025178 - 2003 - From the frog's mouth: Buccal swabs for collection of DNA from amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70025178","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From the frog's mouth: Buccal swabs for collection of DNA from amphibians","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0018084X","usgsCitation":"Goldberg, C., Kaplan, M., and Schwalbe, C., 2003, From the frog's mouth: Buccal swabs for collection of DNA from amphibians: Herpetological Review, v. 34, no. 3, p. 220-221.","startPage":"220","endPage":"221","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1400e4b0c8380cd54876","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldberg, C.S.","contributorId":39551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaplan, M.E.","contributorId":106675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwalbe, C.R.","contributorId":35259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025179,"text":"70025179 - 2003 - Near-field postseismic deformation associated with the 1992 Landers and 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70025179","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-field postseismic deformation associated with the 1992 Landers and 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquakes","docAbstract":"After the Landers earthquake (Mw = 7.3, 1992.489) a linear array of 10 monuments extending about 30 km N50??E on either side of the earthquake rupture plus a nearby offtrend reference monument were surveyed frequently by GPS until 2003.2. The array also spans the rupture of the subsequent Hector Mine earthquake (Mw = 7.1, 1999.792 . The pre-Landers velocities of monuments in the array relative to interior North America were estimated from earlier trilateration and very long baseline interferometry measurements. Except at the reference monument, the post-Landers velocities of the individual monuments in the array relaxed to their preseismic values within 4 years. Following the Hector Mine earthquake the velocities of the monuments relaxed to steady rates within 1 year. Those steady rates for the east components are about equal to the pre-Landers rates as is the steady rate for the north component of the one monument east of the Hector Mine rupture. However, the steady rates for the north components of the 10 monuments west of the rupture are systematically ???10 mm yr1 larger than the pre-Landers rates. The relaxation to a steady rate is approximately exponential with decay times of 0.50 ?? 0.10 year following the Landers earthquake and 0.32 ?? 0.18 year following the Hector Mine earthquake. The postearthquake motions of the Landers array following the Landers earthquake are not well approximated by the viscoelastic-coupling model of Pollitz et al. [2000]. A similar viscoelastic-coupling model [Pollitz et al., 2001] is more successful in representing the deformation after the Hector Mine earthquake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., Svarc, J.L., and Prescott, W., 2003, Near-field postseismic deformation associated with the 1992 Landers and 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquakes: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 108, no. 9.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a63e0e4b0c8380cd7274f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Svarc, J. L.","contributorId":75995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025234,"text":"70025234 - 2003 - Importance of Sediment-Water Interactions in Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA: Management Implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T09:46:24","indexId":"70025234","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of Sediment-Water Interactions in Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA: Management Implications","docAbstract":"A field study at Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA, was conducted between October 1998 and August 2001 to examine the potential importance of sediment-water interactions on contaminant transport and to provide the first direct measurements of the benthic flux of dissolved solutes of environmental concern in this lake. Because of potential ecological effects, dissolved zinc and orthophosphate were the solutes of primary interest. Results from deployments of an in situ flux chamber indicated that benthic fluxes of dissolved Zn and orthophosphate were comparable in magnitude to riverine inputs. Tracer analyses and benthic-community metrics provided evidence that solute benthic flux were diffusion-controlled at the flux-chamber deployment sites. That is, effects of biomixing (or bioturbation) and ground-water interactions did not strongly influence benthic flux. Remediation efforts in the river might not produce desired water-quality effects in the lake because imposed shifts in concentration gradients near the sediment-water interface would generate a benthic feedback response. Therefore, development of water-quality models to justify remediation strategies requires consideration of contaminant flux between the water column and underlying sediment in basins that have been affected by long-term (decadal) anthropogenic activities.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-003-0020-7","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J., Carter, J., Topping, B., Fend, S., Woods, P.F., Berelson, W., and Balistrieri, L.S., 2003, Importance of Sediment-Water Interactions in Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA: Management Implications: Environmental Management, v. 32, no. 3, p. 348-359, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0020-7.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"348","endPage":"359","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209440,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0020-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Coeur d’Alene Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -115.5,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -115.5,\n 47.75\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 47.75\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 47.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3932e4b0c8380cd6183c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, J.S.","contributorId":57905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, J.L.","contributorId":26030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Topping, B.R.","contributorId":97541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fend, S.V. 0000-0002-4638-6602","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-6602","contributorId":99702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fend","given":"S.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woods, P. F.","contributorId":97509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berelson, W.M.","contributorId":44337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berelson","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Balistrieri, Laurie S. 0000-0002-6359-3849 balistri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6359-3849","contributorId":1406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balistrieri","given":"Laurie","email":"balistri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70025233,"text":"70025233 - 2003 - Numerical modeling of coupled nitrification-denitrification in sediment perfusion cores from the hyporheic zone of the Shingobee River, MN","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T09:45:02","indexId":"70025233","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical modeling of coupled nitrification-denitrification in sediment perfusion cores from the hyporheic zone of the Shingobee River, MN","docAbstract":"Nitrification and denitrification kinetics in sediment perfusion cores were numerically modeled and compared to experiments on cores from the Shingobee River MN, USA. The experimental design incorporated mixing groundwater discharge with stream water penetration into the cores, which provided a well-defined, one-dimensional simulation of in situ hydrologic conditions. Ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) concentration gradients suggested the upper region of the cores supported coupled nitrification–denitrification, where groundwater-derived NH4+ was first oxidized to NO3− then subsequently reduced via denitrification to N2. Nitrification and denitrification were modeled using a Crank–Nicolson finite difference approximation to a one-dimensional advection–dispersion equation. Both processes were modeled using first-order reaction kinetics because substrate concentrations (NH4+ and NO3−) were much smaller than published Michaelis constants. Rate coefficients for nitrification and denitrification ranged from 0.2 to 15.8 h−1 and 0.02 to 8.0 h−1, respectively. The rate constants followed an Arrhenius relationship between 7.5 and 22 °C. Activation energies for nitrification and denitrification were 162 and 97.3 kJ/mol, respectively. Seasonal NH4+ concentration patterns in the Shingobee River were accurately simulated from the relationship between perfusion core temperature and NH4+ flux to the overlying water. The simulations suggest that NH4+ in groundwater discharge is controlled by sediment nitrification that, consistent with its activation energy, is strongly temperature dependent.
Subspecies of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) exhibit wide variation in body size across their range. To monitor harvest levels in the Pacific Flyway, biologists commonly use culmen length and plumage color to differentiate among subspecies on sympatric wintering grounds. Among the four large-bodied Pacific subspecies (B. c. parvipes, B. c. occidentalis, B. c. fulva, and B. c. moffitti), overlap in culmen length and subjectivity of visually assessing color results in misclassification and inaccurate harvest estimates. We examined the morphology of Pacific large-bodied Canada Geese to characterize body size variation among subspecies and provide more discriminatory measures for harvest assessments. We found that culmen length, one of the most commonly used field measures, overlapped widely among subspecies, and it had little support for inclusion in discriminatory models. Morphological measures with greater explanatory power included bill width at nail, bill width at base, head length, and mid wing. If culmen length and plumage color continue to be used to assess winter harvest, we recommend the addition of at least one sex-specific measurement to reduce levels of misclassification among subspecies. If an additional morphological measure is included, further evaluation on the wintering grounds should be conducted as this measure's effectiveness may vary depending upon observer bias, temporal and spatial variation in subspecies abundance, and the proportion of birds accurately sexed by cloacal examination.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1648/0273-8570-74.4.357","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., and Bollinger, K.S., 2003, Morphological traits of Pacific Flyway Canada Geese as an aid to subspecies identification and management: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 74, no. 4, p. 357-369, https://doi.org/10.1648/0273-8570-74.4.357.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"369","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Flyway","volume":"74","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e43e4b0c8380cd708f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bollinger, Karen S.","contributorId":33842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025226,"text":"70025226 - 2003 - Analysis of Slug Tests in Formations of High Hydraulic Conductivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025226","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of Slug Tests in Formations of High Hydraulic Conductivity","docAbstract":"A new procedure is presented for the analysis of slug tests performed in partially penetrating wells in formations of high hydraulic conductivity. This approach is a simple, spreadsheet-based implementation of existing models that can be used for analysis of tests from confined or unconfined aquifers. Field examples of tests exhibiting oscillatory and nonoscillatory behavior are used to illustrate the procedure and to compare results with estimates obtained using alternative approaches. The procedure is considerably simpler than recently proposed methods for this hydrogeologic setting. Although the simplifications required by the approach can introduce error into hydraulic-conductivity estimates, this additional error becomes negligible when appropriate measures are taken in the field. These measures are summarized in a set of practical field guidelines for slug tests in highly permeable aquifers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02400.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Butler, J., Garnett, E., and Healey, J., 2003, Analysis of Slug Tests in Formations of High Hydraulic Conductivity: Ground Water, v. 41, no. 5, p. 620-630, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02400.x.","startPage":"620","endPage":"630","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209389,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02400.x"},{"id":235771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb00e4b0c8380cd48b4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, J.J. Jr.","contributorId":12194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garnett, E.J.","contributorId":45870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garnett","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Healey, J.M.","contributorId":61199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healey","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025224,"text":"70025224 - 2003 - Deciphering the social structure of Marbled Murrelets from behavioral observations at sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T13:12:45","indexId":"70025224","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deciphering the social structure of Marbled Murrelets from behavioral observations at sea","docAbstract":"We surveyed Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) daily from small boats in Auke Bay and Fritz Cove, Alaska, from May through August 1992 and 1993. Differences in numbers of juveniles and in the timing of their presence in the study area between the two years indicated that breeding phenology was late and productivity was low in 1992 compared to 1993. This difference was consistent with variability in the physical environment. Of 99 fish identified in the bills of fish-holding adult murrelets, 81 (82%) were Pacific Sand Lance (Ammodytes hexapterus). Counts of fish-holding adult murrelets were significantly higher in the evening than at any other time of day. Time of day had no significant effects on counts of fledglings, indicating that juveniles were moving into and out of the study area during the day. Murrelets were predominantly found in groups of two or more, even during incubation, suggesting that murrelets incur an appreciable benefit, such as increased foraging efficiency, from foraging in groups. For both summers, there was no correlation between counts of murrelets on the water and numbers of murrelet detections in the adjacent forest. We suggest that many behavior patterns of the Marbled Murrelet (displaying, choosing of mates, and pair-bonding, finding of nest sites and successful foraging of juveniles) may be socially facilitated.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2003)026[0266:DTSSOM]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Speckman, S., Piatt, J.F., and Springer, A.M., 2003, Deciphering the social structure of Marbled Murrelets from behavioral observations at sea: Waterbirds, v. 26, no. 3, p. 266-274, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2003)026[0266:DTSSOM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"266","endPage":"274","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe04e4b0c8380cd4ea8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Springer, Alan M. ams@ims.uaf.edu","contributorId":172461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Springer","given":"Alan","email":"ams@ims.uaf.edu","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}