{"pageNumber":"286","pageRowStart":"7125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16446,"records":[{"id":70029009,"text":"70029009 - 2005 - Arsenate adsorption mechanisms at the allophane: Water interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T10:54:43","indexId":"70029009","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenate adsorption mechanisms at the allophane: Water interface","docAbstract":"We investigated arsenate (As(V)) reactivity and surface speciation on amorphous aluminosilicate mineral (synthetic allophane) surfaces using batch adsorption experiments, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The adsorption isotherm experiments indicated that As(V) uptake increased with increasing [As(V)]o from 50 to 1000 μM (i.e., Langmuir type adsorption isotherm) and that the total As adsorption slightly decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations from 0.01 to 0.1 M. Arsenate adsorption was initially (0−10 h) rapid followed by a slow continuum uptake, and the adsorption processes reached the steady state after 720 h. X-ray absorption spectroscopic analyses suggest that As(V) predominantly forms bidentate binuclear surface species on aluminum octahedral structures, and these species are stable up to 11 months. Solubility calculations and powder XRD analyses indicate no evidence of crystalline Al−As(V) precipitates in the experimental systems. Overall, macroscopic and spectroscopic evidence suggest that the As(V) adsorption mechanisms at the allophane−water interface are attributable to ligand exchange reactions between As(V) and surface-coordinated water molecules and hydroxyl and silicate ions. The research findings imply that dissolved tetrahedral oxyanions (e.g., H2PO42-and H2AsO42-) are readily retained on amorphous aluminosilicate minerals in aquifer and soils at near neutral pH. The inner-sphere adsorption mechanisms might be important in controlling dissolved arsenate and phosphate in amorphous aluminosilicate-rich low-temperature geochemical environments.
Rivers with high biological productivity typically show substantial increases in pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration during the day and decreases at night, in response to changes in the relative rates of aquatic photosynthesis and respiration. These changes, coupled with temperature variations, may impart diel (24-h) fluctuations in the concentration of trace metals, nutrients, and other chemical species. A better understanding of diel processes in rivers is needed and will lead to improved methods of data collection for both monitoring and research purposes. Previous studies have used stable isotopes of dissolved oxygen (DO) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as tracers of geochemical and biological processes in streams, lakes, and marine systems. Although seasonal variation in δ18O of DO in rivers and lakes has been documented, no study has investigated diel changes in this parameter. Here, we demonstrate large (up to 13‰) cycles in δ18O-DO for two late summer sampling periods in the Big Hole River of southwest Montana and illustrate that these changes are correlated to variations in the DO concentration, the C-isotopic composition of DIC, and the primary productivity of the system. The magnitude of the diel cycle in δ18O-DO was greater in August versus September because of the longer photoperiod and warmer water temperatures. This study provides another biogeochemical tool for investigating the O2 and C budgets in rivers and may also be applicable to lake and groundwater systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es0505595","usgsCitation":"Parker, S.R., Poulson, S.R., Gammons, C.H., and DeGrandpre, M.D., 2005, Biogeochemical controls on diel cycling of stable isotopes of dissolved 02 and dissolved inorganic carbon in the Big Hole River, Montana: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 18, p. 7134-7140, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0505595.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"7134","endPage":"7140","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana ","otherGeospatial":"Big Hole River ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.35992431640625,\n 45.57944511437787\n ],\n [\n -112.5933837890625,\n 45.47265128615832\n ],\n [\n -112.73895263671874,\n 45.786679041363726\n ],\n [\n -113.05618286132812,\n 45.91198865118152\n ],\n [\n -113.2415771484375,\n 45.90338862522072\n ],\n [\n -113.50936889648438,\n 45.73014967964109\n ],\n [\n -113.53271484375,\n 45.54098421805075\n ],\n [\n -113.50250244140624,\n 45.37433766041358\n ],\n [\n -113.47640991210938,\n 45.33284041773058\n ],\n [\n -113.39126586914062,\n 45.335736561593784\n ],\n [\n -113.39950561523438,\n 45.45531426347788\n ],\n [\n -113.41598510742188,\n 45.57656146038471\n ],\n [\n -113.34869384765625,\n 45.703302146999036\n ],\n [\n -113.20037841796875,\n 45.82497145796607\n ],\n [\n -113.12347412109375,\n 45.81348649679973\n ],\n [\n -112.91885375976562,\n 45.741651816445376\n ],\n [\n -112.79937744140625,\n 45.651488335713594\n ],\n [\n -112.73757934570312,\n 45.50153447596235\n ],\n [\n -112.64419555664062,\n 45.38784182444948\n ],\n [\n -112.50823974609375,\n 45.41966030640988\n ],\n [\n -112.33245849609375,\n 45.55925642651572\n ],\n [\n -112.35992431640625,\n 45.57944511437787\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12640e4b014cc3a3d34d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, Stephen R.","contributorId":140802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13574,"text":"Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poulson, Simon R.","contributorId":187411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulson","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":33648,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gammons, Chris","contributorId":140801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gammons","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":13574,"text":"Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeGrandpre, Michael D.","contributorId":187412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeGrandpre","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028791,"text":"70028791 - 2005 - The soil physics contributions of Edgar Buckingham","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T10:12:53","indexId":"70028791","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The soil physics contributions of Edgar Buckingham","docAbstract":"During 1902 to 1906 as a soil physicist at the USDA Bureau of Soils (BOS), Edgar Buckingham originated the concepts of matric potential, soil–water retention curves, specific water capacity, and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K) as a distinct property of a soil. He applied a formula equivalent to Darcy's law (though without specific mention of Darcy's work) to unsaturated flow. He also contributed significant research on quasi-empirical formulas for Kas a function of water content, water flow in capillary crevices and in thin films, and scaling. Buckingham's work on gas flow in soils produced paradigms that are consistent with our current understanding. His work on evaporation elucidated the concept of self-mulching and produced sound and sometimes paradoxical generalizations concerning conditions that favor or retard evaporation. Largely overshadowing those achievements, however, is that he launched a theory, still accepted today, that could predict transient water content as a function of time and space. Recently discovered documents reveal some of the arguments Buckingham had with BOS officials, including the text of a two-paragraph conclusion of his famous 1907 report on soil water, and the official letter documenting rejection of that text. Strained interpersonal relations motivated the departure of Buckingham and other brilliant physicists (N.E. Dorsey, F.H. King, and Lyman Briggs) from the BOS during 1903 to 1906. Given that Buckingham and his BOS colleagues had been rapidly developing the means of quantifying unsaturated flow, these strained relations probably slowed the advancement of unsaturated flow theory.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2005.0328","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J., and Landa, E.R., 2005, The soil physics contributions of Edgar Buckingham: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 69, no. 2, p. 328-342, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2005.0328.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"328","endPage":"342","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb03ce4b08c986b324d02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, J. R. 0000-0001-8191-1727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":58304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landa, E. R.","contributorId":100002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028790,"text":"70028790 - 2005 - Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028790","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA","docAbstract":"The physical factors controlling total mercury (HgT) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in lakes and streams of northeastern USA were assessed in a regional data set containing 693 HgT and 385 corresponding MeHg concentrations in surface waters. Multiple regression models using watershed characteristics and climatic variables explained 38% or less of the variance in HgT and MeHg. Land cover percentages and soil permeability generally provided modest predictive power. Percent wetlands alone explained 19% of the variance in MeHg in streams at low-flow, and it was the only significant (p < 0.02) predictor for MeHg in lakes, albeit explaining only 7% of the variance. When stream discharge was added as a variable it became the dominant predictor for HgT in streams, improving the model r 2 from 0.19 to 0.38. Stream discharge improved the MeHg model more modestly, from r 2 of 0.25 to 0.33. Methylation efficiency (MeHg/HgT) was modeled well (r 2 of 0.78) when a seasonal term was incorporated (sine wave with annual period). Physical models explained 18% of the variance in fish Hg concentrations in 134 lakes and 55% in 20 reservoirs. Our results highlight the important role of seasonality and short-term hydrologic changes to the delivery of Hg to water bodies. ?? 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z","issn":"09639292","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Kamman, N., Clair, T., and Chalmers, A., 2005, Physical controls on total and methylmercury concentrations in streams and lakes of the northeastern USA: Ecotoxicology, v. 14, no. 1-2, p. 125-134, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z.","startPage":"125","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209872,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-004-6264-z"},{"id":236615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7aa4e4b0c8380cd78ffc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, J. B.","contributorId":52226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kamman, N.C.","contributorId":51079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamman","given":"N.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clair, T.A.","contributorId":84529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clair","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chalmers, A.","contributorId":96858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalmers","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028782,"text":"70028782 - 2005 - Population dynamics of wetland fishes: Spatio-temporal patterns synchronized by hydrological disturbance?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028782","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population dynamics of wetland fishes: Spatio-temporal patterns synchronized by hydrological disturbance?","docAbstract":"1. Drought is a natural disturbance that can cause widespread mortality of aquatic organisms in wetlands. We hypothesized that seasonal drying of marsh surfaces (i.e. hydrological disturbance) shapes spatio-temporal patterns of fish populations. 2. We tested whether population dynamics of fishes were synchronized by hydrological disturbance (Moran effect) or distance separating study sites (dispersal). Spatio-temporal patterns were examined in local populations of five abundant species at 17 sites (sampled five times per year from 1996 to 2001) in a large oligotrophic wetland. 3. Fish densities differed significantly across spatio-temporal scales for all species. For all species except eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), a significant portion of spatio-temporal variation in density was attributed to drying events (used as a covariate). 4. We observed three patterns of response to hydrological disturbance. Densities of bluefin killifish (Lucania goodei), least killifish (Heterandria formosa), and golden top-minnow (Fundulus chrysotus) were usually lowest after a dry down and recovered slowly. Eastern mosquitofish showed no distinct response to marsh drying (i.e. they recovered quickly). Flagfish (Jordanella floridae) density was often highest after a dry down and then declined. Population growth after a dry down was often asymptotic for bluefin killifish and golden topminnow, with greatest asymptotic density and longest time to recovery at sites that dried infrequently. 5. Fish population dynamics were synchronized by hydrological disturbance (independent of distance) and distance separating study sites (independent of hydrological disturbance). Our ability to separate the relative importance of the Moran effect from dispersal was strengthened by a weak association between hydrological synchrony and distance among study sites. Dispersal was the primary mechanism for synchronous population dynamics of flagfish, whereas hydrological disturbance was the primary mechanism for synchronous population dynamics of the other species examined. 6. Species varied in the relative role of the Moran effect and dispersal in homogenizing their population dynamics, probably as a function of life history and ability to exploit dry-season refugia. ?? 2005 British Ecological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Animal Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00926.x","issn":"00218790","usgsCitation":"Ruetz, C.R., Trexler, J., Jordan, F., Loftus, W., and Perry, S., 2005, Population dynamics of wetland fishes: Spatio-temporal patterns synchronized by hydrological disturbance?: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 74, no. 2, p. 322-332, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00926.x.","startPage":"322","endPage":"332","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477946,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00926.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209796,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00926.x"},{"id":236513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d5be4b0c8380cd79ece","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruetz, Carl R. III","contributorId":62765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruetz","given":"Carl","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trexler, J.C.","contributorId":23108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trexler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, F.","contributorId":80622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loftus, W.F.","contributorId":29363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftus","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perry, S.A.","contributorId":50113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028776,"text":"70028776 - 2005 - Use of tracers and isotopes to evaluate vulnerability of water in domestic wells to septic waste","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:28:18","indexId":"70028776","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of tracers and isotopes to evaluate vulnerability of water in domestic wells to septic waste","docAbstract":"In Nebraska, a large number (>200) of shallow sand‐point and cased wells completed in coarse alluvial sediments along rivers and lakes still are used to obtain drinking water for human consumption, even though construction of sand‐point wells for consumptive uses has been banned since 1987. The quality of water from shallow domestic wells potentially vulnerable to seepage from septic systems was evaluated by analyzing for the presence of tracers and multiple isotopes. Samples were collected from 26 sand‐point and perforated, cased domestic wells and were analyzed for bacteria, coliphages, nitrogen species, nitrogen and boron isotopes, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), prescription and nonprescription drugs, or organic waste water contaminants. At least 13 of the 26 domestic well samples showed some evidence of septic system effects based on the results of several tracers including DOC, coliphages, NH4+, NO3−, N2, δ15N[NO3−] and boron isotopes, and antibiotics and other drugs. Sand‐point wells within 30 m of a septic system and <14 m deep in a shallow, thin aquifer had the most tracers detected and the highest values, indicating the greatest vulnerability to contamination from septic waste.
The biogeochemical cycling of sulfur (S) was studied during the 2000 snowmelt at Sleepers River Research Watershed in northeastern Vermont, USA using a hydrochemical and multi-isotope approach. The snowpack and 10 streams of varying size and land use were sampled for analysis of anions, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), 35S activity, and δ34S and δ18O values of sulfate. At one of the streams, δ18O values of water also were measured. Apportionment of sulfur derived from atmospheric and mineral sources based on their distinct δ34S values was possible for 7 of the 10 streams. Although mineral S generally dominated, atmospheric-derived S contributions exceeded 50% in several of the streams at peak snowmelt and averaged 41% overall. However, most of this atmospheric sulfur was not from the melting snowpack; the direct contribution of atmospheric sulfate to streamwater sulfate was constrained by 35S mass balance to a maximum of 7%. Rather, the main source of atmospheric sulfur in streamwater was atmospheric sulfate deposited months to years earlier that had microbially cycled through the soil organic sulfur pool. This atmospheric/pedospheric sulfate (pedogenic sulfate formed from atmospheric sulfate) source is revealed by δ18O values of streamwater sulfate that remained constant and significantly lower than those of atmospheric sulfate throughout the melt period, as well as streamwater 35S ages of hundreds of days. Our results indicate that the response of streamwater sulfate to changes in atmospheric deposition will be mediated by sulfate retention in the soil.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-005-2856-9","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Mayer, B., Mitchell, M., Michel, R.L., Bailey, S., and Kendall, C., 2005, Tracing sources of streamwater sulfate during snowmelt using S and O isotope ratios of sulfate and 35S activity: Biogeochemistry, v. 76, no. 1, p. 161-185, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-005-2856-9.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb697e4b08c986b326d72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, B.","contributorId":84538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, M.J.","contributorId":72940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michel, Robert L. rlmichel@usgs.gov","contributorId":823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"Robert","email":"rlmichel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bailey, S.W.","contributorId":29113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028208,"text":"70028208 - 2005 - Estimation of nutrient sources and transport for New Zealand using the hybrid mechanistic-statistical model SPARROW","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028208","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2343,"text":"Journal of Hydrology New Zealand","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of nutrient sources and transport for New Zealand using the hybrid mechanistic-statistical model SPARROW","docAbstract":"The hybrid mechanistic-statistical catchment model SPARROW was applied to predict the mean annual load of nitrogen and phosphorus in streams throughout New Zealand (270,000 km2). The loads from land areas, point sources, and erosion are routed through the drainage network (576,300 reaches) with first-order stream decay and attenuation in lakes and reservoirs. Model parameters were determined by calibration against loads measured in the national water quality network (77 sites). For nitrogen, the model predicted the measured loads well (R2 of 0.956 and RMSE of 0.33 in natural-log space), while for phosphorus the model fit was not as good (R2 of 0.900 and RMSE of 0.58). The predictions of exported yields for streams with catchments > 20 km2 are broadly comparable with previous compilations of yields for various land-use classes for nitrogen, but are larger than the previous measurements for phosphorus. The calibrated stream attenuation and lake/reservoir rates were broadly consistent with previous measurements. The predicted load of total nitrogen (TN) delivered to the coast was 167,700 t yr-1, which is 45% of the loads entering the streams. For total phosphorus (TP) the predicted load to the coast was 63,100 t yr-1, 44% of the load entering the streams. Reservoir/lake attenuation makes a relatively small contribution to the overall attenuation compared with in-stream attenuation (3.5% for nitrogen and 8.5% for phosphorus). The largest contribution of total nitrogen is from pastoral land uses, together accounting for 70% of the total nitrogen load to the coast. Land used for dairying makes a disproportionately large contribution to the load of total nitrogen in relation to the area of land (37% of the load versus 6.8% of the land). For total phosphorus, the highest contribution of the load to the coast is from erosion (53.2%). Point sources contribute only a small proportion of the load to the coast (3.2% for nitrogen, 1.8% for total phosphorus). The monitoring network does not include streams with catchments smaller than 10 km2, so model predictions for streams smaller than 10 km2 should be used with caution. ?? New Zealand Hydrological Society (2005).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology New Zealand","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00221708","usgsCitation":"Elliot, A., Alexander, R.B., Schwarz, G., Shankar, U., Sukias, J., and McBride, G.B., 2005, Estimation of nutrient sources and transport for New Zealand using the hybrid mechanistic-statistical model SPARROW: Journal of Hydrology New Zealand, v. 44, no. 1, p. 1-27.","startPage":"1","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b9ce4b0c8380cd527d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliot, A.H.","contributorId":41643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliot","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, R. B.","contributorId":108103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwarz, G. E. 0000-0002-9239-4566","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":14852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"G. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shankar, Ude","contributorId":80033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shankar","given":"Ude","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sukias, J.P.S.","contributorId":88137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sukias","given":"J.P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McBride, Graham B.","contributorId":83306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McBride","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028192,"text":"70028192 - 2005 - Aminobacter ciceronei sp. nov. and Aminobacter lissarensis sp. nov., isolated from various terrestrial environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:30:23","indexId":"70028192","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2076,"text":"International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aminobacter ciceronei sp. nov. and Aminobacter lissarensis sp. nov., isolated from various terrestrial environments","docAbstract":"The bacterial strains IMB-1T and CC495T, which are capable of growth on methyl chloride (CH3Cl, chloromethane) and methyl bromide (CH3Br, bromomethane), were isolated from agricultural soil in California fumigated with CH3Br, and woodland soil in Northern Ireland, respectively. Two pesticide-/herbicide-degrading bacteria, strains ER2 and C147, were isolated from agricultural soil in Canada. Strain ER2 degrades N-methyl carbamate insecticides, and strain C147 degrades triazine herbicides widely used in agriculture. On the basis of their morphological, physiological and genotypic characteristics, these four strains are considered to represent two novel species of the genus Aminobacter, for which the names Aminobacter ciceronei sp. nov. (type strain IMB-1T=ATCC 202197T=CIP 108660T=CCUG 50580T; strains ER2 and C147) and Aminobacter lissarensis sp. nov. (type strain CC495T=NCIMB 13798T=CIP 108661T=CCUG 50579T) are proposed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Microbiology Society ","doi":"10.1099/ijs.0.63716-0","issn":"14665026","usgsCitation":"McDonald, I., Kampfer, P., Topp, E., Warner, K., Cox, M., Connell, H.T., Miller, L., Larkin, M., Ducrocq, V., Coulter, C., Harper, D., Murrell, J., and Oremland, R., 2005, Aminobacter ciceronei sp. nov. and Aminobacter lissarensis sp. nov., isolated from various terrestrial environments: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, v. 55, no. 5, p. 1827-1832, https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63716-0.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1827","endPage":"1832","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477815,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:baf9e3e5-d554-4215-903e-a299daaddb57","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210233,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63716-0"}],"volume":"55","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9bce4b0c8380cd48400","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, I.R.","contributorId":23313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kampfer, P.","contributorId":51525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kampfer","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Topp, E.","contributorId":51526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topp","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warner, K.L.","contributorId":73781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cox, M.J.","contributorId":22562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Connell, Hancock T.L.","contributorId":9418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connell","given":"Hancock","email":"","middleInitial":"T.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miller, L.G.","contributorId":32522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Larkin, M.J.","contributorId":103856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larkin","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ducrocq, V.","contributorId":33913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ducrocq","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Coulter, C.","contributorId":64875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coulter","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Harper, D.B.","contributorId":76506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Murrell, J.C.","contributorId":25731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murrell","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70028183,"text":"70028183 - 2005 - Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028183","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation","docAbstract":"Natural waters universally show fractionation of uranium series (U-series) parent-daughter pairs, with the disequilibrium between 234U and 238U (234U)/(238U) commonly used as a tracer of groundwater flow. Because speleothems provide a temporal record of geochemical variations in groundwater precipitating calcite, (234U)/(238U) variations in speleothems provide a unique method of investigating water-rock interaction processes over millennium time scales. We present high precision Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometric (TIMS) U-series analyses of speleothems and drip waters from Fogelpole Cave in southern Illinois. Data from all speleothems from the cave show an inverse correlation between (234U)/(238U) and U concentration, following the pattern observed in groundwaters globally. Within a 65-cm-long stalagmite, concordant 234U-238 U-230Th and 235U-231Pa ages for 5 samples indicate accurate chronology from 78.5 ka to 30 ka. Notably, (234U)/(238U)o which differs from most speleothems by having (234U)/(238U)o <1, positively correlates with speleothem growth rate. We generalize this to the observation that speleothems globally show (234U)/ (238U)o deviating farther from secular equilibrium at lower growth rates and approaching secular equilibrium at higher grow rates. Based on the Fogelpole observations, we suggest that groundwater (234U)/(238U) is controlled by the U oxidation state, the U concentration of the water and the fluid velocity. A transport model whereby U-series nuclides react and exchange with mineral surfaces can reproduce the observed trend between growth rate and (234U)/(238U)o. Based on this result, we suggest that (234U)/(238U)o in speleothems may record changes in hydrologic flux with time and thus could provide a useful proxy for long term records of paleoprecipitation. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.02.005","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Zhou, J., Lundstrom, C., Fouke, B., Panno, S., Hackley, K., and Curry, B., 2005, Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation: Chemical Geology, v. 221, no. 1-2, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.02.005.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210096,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.02.005"},{"id":236914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"221","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1714e4b0c8380cd5538e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, Juanzuo","contributorId":59217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Juanzuo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lundstrom, C.C.","contributorId":72997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fouke, B.","contributorId":31187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fouke","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Panno, S.","contributorId":42016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panno","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hackley, K.","contributorId":44343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Curry, B.","contributorId":89320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028032,"text":"70028032 - 2005 - Trophic transfer of metals along freshwater food webs: Evidence of cadmium biomagnification in nature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T10:58:14","indexId":"70028032","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trophic transfer of metals along freshwater food webs: Evidence of cadmium biomagnification in nature","docAbstract":"We conducted a study with cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) in the delta of San Francisco Bay, using nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes to identify trophic position and food web structure. Cadmium is progressively enriched among trophic levels in discrete epiphyte‐based food webs composed of macrophyte‐dwelling invertebrates (the first link being epiphytic algae) and fishes (the first link being gobies). Cadmium concentrations were biomagnified 15 times within the scope of two trophic links in both food webs. Trophic enrichment in invertebrates was twice that of fishes. No tendency toward trophic‐level enrichment was observed for Cu, regardless of whether organisms were sorted by food web or treated on a taxonomic basis within discrete food webs. The greatest toxic effects of Cd are likely to occur with increasing trophic positions, where animals are ingesting Cd‐rich prey (or food). In Franks Tract this occurs within discrete food chains composed of macrophyte‐dwelling invertebrates or fishes inhabiting submerged aquatic vegetation. Unraveling ecosystem complexity is necessary before species most exposed and at risk can be identified.
Large carbon kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) were measured for reactions of methyl bromide (MeBr), methyl chloride (MeCl), and methyl iodide (MeI) with various nucleophiles at 287 and 306 K in aqueous solutions. Rates of reaction of MeBr and MeI with H2O (neutral hydrolysis) or Cl− (halide substitution) were consistent with previous measurements. Hydrolysis rates increased with increasing temperature or pH (base hydrolysis). KIEs for hydrolysis were 51 ± 6%0 for MeBr and 38 ± 8%0 for MeI. Rates of halide substitution increased with increasing temperature and greater reactivity of the attacking nucleophile, with the fastest reaction being that of MeI with Br−. KIEs for halide substitution were independent of temperature but varied with the reactant methyl halide and the attacking nucleophile. KIEs were similar for MeBr substitution with Cl− and MeCl substitution with Br− (57 ± 5 and 60 ± 9%0, respectively). The KIE for halide exchange of MeI was lower overall (33 ± 8%0) and was greater for substitution with Br− (46 ± 6%0) than with Cl− (29 ± 6%0).
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10874-005-1904-0","issn":"01677764","usgsCitation":"Baesman, S., and Miller, L., 2005, Laboratory determination of the carbon kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) for reactions of methyl halides with various nucleophiles in solution: Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, v. 52, no. 2, p. 203-219, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-005-1904-0.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"219","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210388,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10874-005-1904-0"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4107e4b0c8380cd6523f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baesman, S.M.","contributorId":95660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baesman","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, L.G.","contributorId":32522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027983,"text":"70027983 - 2005 - Use of soil moisture probes to estimate ground water recharge at an oil spill site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:16:47","indexId":"70027983","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of soil moisture probes to estimate ground water recharge at an oil spill site","docAbstract":"Soil moisture data collected using an automated data logging system were used to estimate ground water recharge at a crude oil spill research site near Bemidji, Minnesota. Three different soil moisture probes were tested in the laboratory as well as the field conditions of limited power supply and extreme weather typical of northern Minnesota: a self‐contained reflectometer probe, and two time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes, 30 and 50 cm long. Recharge was estimated using an unsaturated zone water balance method. Recharge estimates for 1999 using the laboratory calibrations were 13 to 30 percent greater than estimates based on the factory calibrations. Recharge indicated by the self‐contained probes was 170 percent to 210 percent greater than the estimates for the TDR probes regardless of calibration method. Results indicate that the anomalously large recharge estimates for the self‐contained probes are not the result of inaccurate measurements of volumetric moisture content, but result from the presence of crude oil, or borehole leakage. Of the probes tested, the 50 cm long TDR probe yielded recharge estimates that compared most favorably to estimates based on a method utilizing water table fluctuations. Recharge rates for this probe represented 24 to 27 percent of 1999 precipitation. Recharge based on the 30 cm long horizontal TDR probes was 29 to 37 percent of 1999 precipitation. By comparison, recharge based on the water table fluctuation method represented about 29 percent of precipitation.
A volume-fraction-based solvent−water partition model for dilute solutes, in which the partition coefficient shows a dependence on solute molar volume (![\"\"](\"https://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2005/esthag.2005.39.issue-22/es050729d/production/images/medium/es050729de10001.gif\")
), is adapted to predict the octanol−water partition coefficient (Kow) from the liquid or supercooled-liquid solute water solubility (Sw), or vice versa. The established correlation is tested for a wide range of industrial compounds and pesticides (e.g., halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, alkylbenzenes, halogenated benzenes, ethers, esters, PAHs, PCBs, organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, and amides-ureas-triazines), which comprise a total of 215 test compounds spanning about 10 orders of magnitude in Sw and 8.5 orders of magnitude in Kow. Except for phenols and alcohols, which require special considerations of the Kow data, the correlation predicts the Kow within 0.1 log units for most compounds, much independent of the compound type or the magnitude in Kow. With reliable Swand![\"\"](\"https://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2005/esthag.2005.39.issue-22/es050729d/production/images/medium/es050729de10002.gif\")
data for compounds of interest, the correlation provides an effective means for either predicting the unavailable log Kow values or verifying the reliability of the reported log Kow data.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es050729d","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., Schmedding, D., and Manes, M., 2005, Improved prediction of octanol-water partition coefficients from liquid-solute water solubilities and molar volumes: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 22, p. 8840-8846, https://doi.org/10.1021/es050729d.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"8840","endPage":"8846","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210329,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es050729d"}],"volume":"39","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3963e4b0c8380cd618e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmedding, D.W.","contributorId":48750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmedding","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manes, M.","contributorId":17390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manes","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027951,"text":"70027951 - 2005 - A decrease in discharge-normalized DOC export by the Yukon River during summer through autumn","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T08:12:15","indexId":"70027951","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A decrease in discharge-normalized DOC export by the Yukon River during summer through autumn","docAbstract":"Climate warming is having a dramatic effect on the vegetation distribution and carbon cycling of terrestrial subarctic and arctic ecosystems. Here, we present hydrologic evidence that warming is also affecting the export of dissolved organic carbon and bicarbonate (DOC and HCO3−) at the large basin scale. In the 831,400 km2 Yukon River basin, water discharge (Q) corrected DOC export significantly decreased during the growing season from 1978–80 to 2001–03, indicating a major shift in terrestrial to aquatic C transfer. We conclude that decreased DOC export, relative to total summer through autumn Q, results from increased flow path, residence time, and microbial mineralization of DOC in the soil active layer and groundwater. Counter to current predictions, we argue that continued warming could result in decreased DOC export to the Bering Sea and Arctic Ocean by major subarctic and arctic rivers, due to increased respiration of organic C on land.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2005GL024413","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Striegl, R.G., Aiken, G., Dornblaser, M., Raymond, P., and Wickland, K., 2005, A decrease in discharge-normalized DOC export by the Yukon River during summer through autumn: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 32, no. 21, p. 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024413.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210248,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024413"}],"volume":"32","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3abe4b0c8380cd46178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":415898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, G. R. 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":14452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dornblaser, M.M.","contributorId":38765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dornblaser","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raymond, P.A.","contributorId":62013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymond","given":"P.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wickland, K.P. 0000-0002-6400-0590","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":10786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70027925,"text":"70027925 - 2005 - Forms and accumulation of soil P in natural and recently restored peatlands - Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70027925","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forms and accumulation of soil P in natural and recently restored peatlands - Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"Forms, amounts, and accumulation of soil phosphorus (P) were measured in natural and recently restored marshes surrounding Upper Klamath Lake located in south-central Oregon, USA to determine rates of P accumulation in natural marshes and to assess changes in P pools caused by long-term drainage in recently restored marshes. Soil cores were collected from three natural marshes and radiometrically dated to determine recent (l37Cs-based) and long-term (210Pb-based) rates of peat accretion and P accumulation. A second set of soil cores collected from the three natural marshes and from three recently restored marshes was analyzed using a modification of the Hedley procedure to determine the forms and amounts of soil P. Total P in the recently restored marshes (222 to 311 ??g cm-3) was 2-3 times greater than in the natural marshes (103 to 117 ??g cm-3), primarily due to greater bulk density caused by soil subsidence, a consequence of long-term marsh drainage. Occluded Fe- and Al-bound Pi, calcium-bound Pi and residual P were 4 times, 22 times, and 5 times greater, respectively, in the recently restored marshes. More than 67% of the P pool in both the natural and recently restored marshes was present in recalcitrant forms (humic-acid P o and residual P) that provide long-term P storage in peat. Phosphorus accumulation in the natural marshes averaged 0.45 g m-2 yr-1 (137Cs) and 0.40 g m-2 yr-1 (210Pb), providing a benchmark for optimizing P sequestration in the recently restored marshes. Effective P sequestration in the recently restored marshes, however, will depend on re-establishing equilibrium between the P-enriched soils and the P concentration of floodwaters and a hydrologie regime similar to the natural marshes. ?? 2005, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2005)025[0594:FAAOSP]2.0.CO;2","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Graham, S., Craft, C., McCormick, P., and Aldous, A., 2005, Forms and accumulation of soil P in natural and recently restored peatlands - Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, USA: Wetlands, v. 25, no. 3, p. 594-606, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2005)025[0594:FAAOSP]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"594","endPage":"606","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211258,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2005)025[0594:FAAOSP]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a135be4b0c8380cd54626","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graham, S.A.","contributorId":82494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craft, C.B.","contributorId":7077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craft","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCormick, P.V.","contributorId":93272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aldous, A.","contributorId":105517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldous","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027912,"text":"70027912 - 2005 - Effects of urbanization on the geomorphology, habitat, hydrology, and fish index of biotic integrity of streams in the Chicago area, Illinois and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027912","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of urbanization on the geomorphology, habitat, hydrology, and fish index of biotic integrity of streams in the Chicago area, Illinois and Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Effects of urbanization on geomorphic, habitat, and hydrologic characteristics and fish biotic integrity of 45 streams in the Chicago area were examined by the U.S. Geological Survey from 2000 to 2001. An agricultural to urban land-cover gradient approach was used. Landscape characteristics such as texture of surficial deposits, slope, riparian land cover, and stream network position also were examined to determine if these factors influenced the effects of urbanization. Among geomorphic characteristics, channel enlargement occurred in urban streams with a high percent of watershed clayey surficial deposits. Other geomorphic and habitat characteristics such as stream power, fine substrate, and amount of riffles did not correlate with percent watershed urban land but instead correlated with reach slope. Bank erosion, habitat variability, and two habitat indexes did not correlate with watershed urban land. Below 30% watershed urban land, the unit area discharge for a 2-year flood increased with increasing urban land; however, above 30% urban land, unit area discharges for a 2-year flood were variable, most likely due to variations in stormwater management practices, point-source contributions, and the transport index. Streams with greater than 33% watershed urban land had low base flow, but the effects of urbanization on base flow were offset by point-source contributions. Fish index of biotic integrity (IBI) scores were low in streams with greater than 25% watershed urban land. Fish IBI scores also were low in streams with high percentages of watershed clayey surficial deposits and enlarged channels. The amount of riparian forest/wetland buffer had no moderating effect on geomorphic/habitat/hydrologic characteristics and fish IBI scores. Variations in the texture and topography of glacial landforms affected reach slope and some habitat characteristics. Longitudinal profiles were useful for distinguishing differences in local geologic settings among sampled sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08922284","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, F., Diebel, M., Harris, M., Arnold, T., Lutz, M., and Richards, K., 2005, Effects of urbanization on the geomorphology, habitat, hydrology, and fish index of biotic integrity of streams in the Chicago area, Illinois and Wisconsin: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 2005, no. 47, p. 87-115.","startPage":"87","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2005","issue":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a082be4b0c8380cd519e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick, F. A. 0000-0002-9748-7075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":61446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diebel, M.W.","contributorId":103465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diebel","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, M.A.","contributorId":101278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arnold, T.L.","contributorId":11810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lutz, M.A.","contributorId":88945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutz","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Richards, K.D.","contributorId":28635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70027901,"text":"70027901 - 2005 - Aqueous stability of gadolinium in surface waters receiving sewage treatment plant effluent Boulder Creek, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T07:40:56","indexId":"70027901","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aqueous stability of gadolinium in surface waters receiving sewage treatment plant effluent Boulder Creek, Colorado","docAbstract":"In many surface waters, sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent is a substantial source of both regulated and unregulated contaminants, including a suite of complex organic compounds derived from household chemicals, pharmaceutical, and industrial and medical byproducts. In addition, STP effluents in some urban areas have also been shown to have a positive gadolinium (Gd) anomaly in the rare earth element (REE) pattern, with the Gd derived from its use in medical facilities. REE concentrations are relatively easy to measure compared to many organic wastewater compounds and may provide a more widely utilized tracer of STP effluents. To evaluate whether sewage treatment plant-associated Gd is a useful tracer of treatment plant effluent, an investigation of the occurrence, fate, and transport of rare earth elements was undertaken. The rare earth element patterns of four of five STP effluents sampled display positive Gd anomalies. The one site that did not have a Gd anomaly serves a small community, population 1200, with no medical facilities. Biosolids from a large metropolitan STP are not enriched in Gd even though the effluent is, suggesting that a substantial fraction of Gd remains in the aqueous phase through routine treatment plant operation. To evaluate whether STP-derived Gd persists in the fluvial environment, a 14-km study reach downstream of an STP was sampled. Gadolinium anomalies were present at all five downstream sites, but the magnitude of the anomaly decreased. Effluent from STPs is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic constituents, and to better understand the chemical interactions and their effect on REEs, the aqueous speciation was modeled using comprehensive chemical analyses of water samples collected downstream of STP input. These calculations suggest that the REEs will likely remain dissolved because phosphate and carbonate complexes dominate over free REE ions. This study supports the application of Gd anomalies as a useful tracer of urban wastewater.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es048456u","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Verplanck, P., Taylor, H.E., Nordstrom, D.K., and Barber, L.B., 2005, Aqueous stability of gadolinium in surface waters receiving sewage treatment plant effluent Boulder Creek, Colorado: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 18, p. 6923-6929, https://doi.org/10.1021/es048456u.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"6923","endPage":"6929","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":210991,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es048456u"},{"id":238114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Boulder Creek","volume":"39","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed1ae4b0c8380cd4961c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verplanck, P. L. 0000-0002-3653-6419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":106565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":415727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031678,"text":"70031678 - 2005 - Diel behavior of iron and other heavy metals in a mountain stream with acidic to neutral pH: Fisher Creek, Montana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T08:14:00","indexId":"70031678","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel behavior of iron and other heavy metals in a mountain stream with acidic to neutral pH: Fisher Creek, Montana, USA","docAbstract":"Three simultaneous 24-h samplings at three sites over a downstream pH gradient were conducted to examine diel fluctuations in heavy metal concentrations in Fisher Creek, a small mountain stream draining abandoned mine lands in Montana. Average pH values at the upstream (F1), middle (F2), and downstream (F3) monitoring stations were 3.31, 5.46, and 6.80, respectively. The downstream increase in pH resulted in precipitation of hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) and hydrous aluminum oxide (HAO) on the streambed. At F1 and F2, Fe showed strong diel cycles in dissolved concentration and Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio; these cycles were attributed to daytime photoreduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II), reoxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III), and temperature-dependent hydrolysis and precipitation of HFO. At the near-neutral downstream station, no evidence of Fe(III) photoreduction was observed, and suspended particles of HFO dominated the total Fe load. HFO precipitation rates between F2 and F3 were highest in the afternoon, due in part to reoxidation of a midday pulse of Fe2+ formed by photoreduction in the upper, acidic portions of the stream. Dissolved concentrations of Fe(II) and Cu decreased tenfold and 2.4-fold, respectively, during the day at F3. These changes were attributed to sorption onto fresh HFO surfaces. Results of surface complexation modeling showed good agreement between observed and predicted Cu concentrations at F3, but only when adsorption enthalpies were added to the thermodynamic database to take into account diel temperature variations. The field and modeling results illustrate that the degree to which trace metals adsorb onto actively forming HFO is strongly temperature dependent. This study is an example of how diel Fe cycles caused by redox and hydrolysis reactions can induce a diel cycle in a trace metal of toxicological importance in downstream waters.
To test the effect of geochemical heterogeneity on microorganism transport in saturated porous media, we measured the removal of two microorganisms, the bacteriophage PRD1 and oocysts of the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum, in flow-through columns of quartz sand coated by different amounts of a ferric oxyhydroxide. The experiments were conducted over ranges of ferric oxyhydroxide coating fraction of λ = 0−0.12 for PRD1 and from λ = 0−0.32 for the oocysts at pH 5.6−5.8 and 10-4 M ionic strength. To determine the effect of pH on the transport of the oocysts, experiments were also conducted over a pH range of 5.7−10.0 at a coating fraction of λ = 0.04. Collision (attachment) efficiencies increased as the fraction of ferric oxyhydroxide coated quartz sand increased, from α = 0.0071 to 0.13 over λ = 0−0.12 for PRD1 and from α = 0.059 to 0.75 over λ = 0−0.32 for the oocysts. Increasing the pH from 5.7 to 10.0 resulted in a decrease in the oocyst collision efficiency as the pH exceeded the expected point of zero charge of the ferric oxyhydroxide coatings. The collision efficiencies correlated very well with the fraction of quartz sand coated by the ferric oxyhydroxide for PRD1 but not as well for the oocysts.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es050159h","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Abudalo, R., Bogatsu, Y., Ryan, J.N., Harvey, R., Metge, D., and Elimelech, M., 2005, Effect of ferric oxyhydroxide grain coatings on the transport of bacteriophage PRD1 and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in saturated porous media: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 17, p. 6412-6419, https://doi.org/10.1021/es050159h.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"6412","endPage":"6419","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":210968,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es050159h"},{"id":238079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05dde4b0c8380cd50fd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abudalo, R.A.","contributorId":64445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abudalo","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bogatsu, Y.G.","contributorId":10218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogatsu","given":"Y.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, J. N.","contributorId":102649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Metge, D.W.","contributorId":51477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elimelech, M.","contributorId":105469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elimelech","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}