This Science Plan has been prepared by the Florida District of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as a tool to provide direction for the scientific work to be accomplished in the District during the next 5-10 years. A Science Plan can serve as a guide to determine the optimum use of the limited financial resources of the USGS in Florida to address water resource issues. The Florida District has four primary operational centers geographically distributed across the State, in Tallahassee, Orlando, Tampa, and Miami, with a laboratory in Ocala and field offices in Jacksonville and Fort Myers. Other USGS discipline offices in Florida are located in Gainesville (biology), St. Petersburg (geology), and Miami (restoration ecology) (fig.1). Although some differences exist in programs among the four water-resource offices because of differing physiographic settings and information needs, many common elements are present and these common elements are the focus of this District Science Plan. Science Plan development was based on other planning documents including individual Science Plans prepared by personnel in each of the four primary Florida water resource offices, and strategic planning documents of the Southeastern Region, Water Resources Discipline (WRD), and the USGS.
A broad cross-section of District staff, representing all primary offices, a number of different scientific disciplines, and different programs of the District (data collection, investigations, and research) collaborated on the development of this Science Plan. As part of the development process, input was solicited from staff in every office and considered for inclusion in the plan. The Science Plan will be evaluated on an ongoing basis to ensure its continued relevancy to recognized water resources needs in Florida, and to guide future program development and collaboration with our existing and potential partners and customers, both within and outside the USGS.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01180","usgsCitation":"Science Plan, U.S. Geological Survey Florida District; 2001; OFR; 2001-180; Hammett, Kathleen M.; Katz, Brian G.; McPherson, Benjamin F.; Patino, Eduardo; Schiffer, Donna M.; Wedderburn, Leslie; Yobbi, Dann K.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4195,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0180/ofr01-180.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Open-File Report 01-180"},{"id":176038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0180/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
A steady-state finite difference model was developed to simulate ground-water flow in four regional aquifers in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula. The Glaciofluvial, Saginaw, Parma-Bayport, and Marshall aquifers were simulated as layers 1 through 4, respectively, in the model. Separately calculated vertical conductances input to the model were used to simulate the intervening Till/“Red Beds”, Saginaw, and Michigan confining units, respectively. The model domain was laterally bound by a continuous specifiedhead boundary, formed from Lakes Michigan, Huron, St. Clair, and Erie, together with the St. Clair and Detroit River connecting channels.
The model was developed to quantify regional ground-water flow in the aquifer systems using independently determined recharge estimates. The flow model showed that groundwater heads and flows in the Glaciofluvial aquifer are controlled by local stream stages and discharges, resulting in localized flow cells accounting for 95-percent of the overall model water budget. Simulation of recharge to an unspecified water table also enabled the estimation of ground-water discharge to three Great Lakes.
A computer diskette contains all MODFLOW and MODFLOWP input files, as well as digital model surfaces and several Fortran processing routines used to construct the surfaces. The diskette also provides the data used for calibration and sensitivity analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00504","usgsCitation":"Hoaglund, J.R., Huffman, G., and Granneman, N., 2000, Simulation of ground water flow in the Glaciofluvial, Saginaw, Parma-Bayport, and Marshall Aquifers, Central Lower Peninsula of Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-504, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00504.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392379,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0504/ofr00504.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.73 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 00-504"},{"id":176862,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0504/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Saginaw, Parma-Bayport, and Marshall Aquifers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.3525390625,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 44.11914151643737\n ],\n [\n -86.3525390625,\n 44.11914151643737\n ],\n [\n -86.3525390625,\n 42.13082130188811\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db648545","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoaglund, John Robert III","contributorId":13685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoaglund","given":"John","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huffman, G.C.","contributorId":44150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Granneman, N.J.","contributorId":32978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granneman","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24550,"text":"ofr00240 - 2000 - Airborne geophysical surveys in the Boulder Watershed, Jefferson and Lewis and Clark Counties, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-08T13:16:49","indexId":"ofr00240","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-03T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-240","title":"Airborne geophysical surveys in the Boulder Watershed, Jefferson and Lewis and Clark Counties, Montana","docAbstract":"Three airborne geophysical surveys have been made in the Boulder watershed and adjacent areas (fig. 1). The objectives of the geophysical studies in the watershed is to map subsurface lithologic, structural and hydrologic features important in controlling possible ground water contamination from mining activities and to design remediation efforts. These studies are part of an abandoned mine land study of the Boulder Basin mining district and watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00240","usgsCitation":"Smith, B.D., Labson, V.F., and Hill, P.L., 2000, Airborne geophysical surveys in the Boulder Watershed, Jefferson and Lewis and Clark Counties, Montana; U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-240, 4 p.","productDescription":"Report: 5 p.; Data","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356825,"rank":4,"type":{"id":19,"text":"Raw Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0240/TUNNELS_HEM.zip","text":"TUNNELS HEM DATA","size":"34.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 00-240 TUNNELS HEM DATA"},{"id":155074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0240/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":356824,"rank":3,"type":{"id":19,"text":"Raw Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0240/BOULDER_HEM.zip","text":"BOULDER HEM DATA","size":"89.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 00-240 BOULDER HEM DATA"},{"id":356822,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0240/ofr00240.pdf","text":"Report","size":"99.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 00-240"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Clark County, Jefferson County, Lewis County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.4395751953125,\n 46.151297121751725\n ],\n [\n -111.7529296875,\n 46.151297121751725\n ],\n [\n -111.7529296875,\n 46.36398839132818\n ],\n [\n -112.4395751953125,\n 46.36398839132818\n ],\n [\n -112.4395751953125,\n 46.151297121751725\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 973
Denver, CO 80225
This report describes the creation of a large-scale watershed database for the lower Rio Grande/Río Bravo Basin in Texas. The watershed database includes watersheds delineated to all 1:24,000-scale mapped stream confluences and other hydrologically significant points, selected watershed characteristics, and hydrologic derivative datasets.
Computer technology allows generation of preliminary watershed boundaries in a fraction of the time needed for manual methods. This automated process reduces development time and results in quality improvements in watershed boundaries and characteristics. These data can then be compiled in a permanent database, eliminating the time-consuming step of data creation at the beginning of a project and providing a stable base dataset that can give users greater confidence when further subdividing watersheds.
A standardized dataset of watershed characteristics is a valuable contribution to the understanding and management of natural resources. Vertical integration of the input datasets used to automatically generate watershed boundaries is crucial to the success of such an effort. The optimum situation would be to use the digital orthophoto quadrangles as the source of all the input datasets. While the hydrographic data from the digital line graphs can be revised to match the digital orthophoto quadrangles, hypsography data cannot be revised to match the digital orthophoto quadrangles. Revised hydrography from the digital orthophoto quadrangle should be used to create an updated digital elevation model that incorporates the stream channels as revised from the digital orthophoto quadrangle. Computer-generated, standardized watersheds that are vertically integrated with existing digital line graph hydrographic data will continue to be difficult to create until revisions can be made to existing source datasets. Until such time, manual editing will be necessary to make adjustments for man-made features and changes in the natural landscape that are not reflected in the digital elevation model data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00065","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., Ulery, R.L., and Parcher, J.W., 2000, Creating a standardized watersheds database for the Lower Rio Grande/Río Bravo, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-065, iii, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00065.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327796,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr00-065/00-065.pdf","text":"Creating a Standardized Watersheds Database for the Lower Rio Grande/ Río Bravo, Texas","size":"528 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Creating a Standardized Watersheds Database for the Lower Rio Grande/ Río Bravo, Texas"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Webb","city":"Rio Bravo","otherGeospatial":"Lower Rio Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.50325965881348,\n 27.362391688477363\n ],\n [\n -99.50325965881348,\n 27.366889032381295\n ],\n [\n -99.45948600769043,\n 27.366889032381295\n ],\n [\n -99.45948600769043,\n 27.362391688477363\n ],\n [\n -99.50325965881348,\n 27.362391688477363\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"CONTENTS
","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6af00e4b0f2f0cebe46f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, J.R.","contributorId":56872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ulery, Randy L. rlulery@usgs.gov","contributorId":4679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulery","given":"Randy","email":"rlulery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":646964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parcher, Jean W. jwparcher@usgs.gov","contributorId":2209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcher","given":"Jean","email":"jwparcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":646965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79803,"text":"ofr2000491 - 2000 - Statistical Approaches to Interpretation of Local, Regional, and National Highway-Runoff and Urban-Stormwater Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:20","indexId":"ofr2000491","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-491","title":"Statistical Approaches to Interpretation of Local, Regional, and National Highway-Runoff and Urban-Stormwater Data","docAbstract":"Decision makers need viable methods for the interpretation of local, regional, and national-highway runoff and urban-stormwater data including flows, concentrations and loads of chemical constituents and sediment, potential effects on receiving waters, and the potential effectiveness of various best management practices (BMPs). Valid (useful for intended purposes), current, and technically defensible stormwater-runoff models are needed to interpret data collected in field studies, to support existing highway and urban-runoffplanning processes, to meet National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) requirements, and to provide methods for computation of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) systematically and economically.\r\n\r\nHistorically, conceptual, simulation, empirical, and statistical models of varying levels of detail, complexity, and uncertainty have been used to meet various data-quality objectives in the decision-making processes necessary for the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of highways and for other land-use applications. Water-quality simulation models attempt a detailed representation of the physical processes and mechanisms at a given site. Empirical and statistical regional water-quality assessment models provide a more general picture of water quality or changes in water quality over a region. All these modeling techniques share one common aspect-their predictive ability is poor without suitable site-specific data for calibration.\r\n\r\nTo properly apply the correct model, one must understand the classification of variables, the unique characteristics of water-resources data, and the concept of population structure and analysis. Classifying variables being used to analyze data may determine which statistical methods are appropriate for data analysis. An understanding of the characteristics of water-resources data is necessary to evaluate the applicability of different statistical methods, to interpret the results of these techniques, and to use tools and techniques that account for the unique nature of water-resources data sets. Populations of data on stormwater-runoff quantity and quality are often best modeled as logarithmic transformations. Therefore, these factors need to be considered to form valid, current, and technically defensible stormwater-runoff models.\r\n\r\nRegression analysis is an accepted method for interpretation of water-resources data and for prediction of current or future conditions at sites that fit the input data model. Regression analysis is designed to provide an estimate of the average response of a system as it relates to variation in one or more known variables. To produce valid models, however, regression analysis should include visual analysis of scatterplots, an examination of the regression equation, evaluation of the method design assumptions, and regression diagnostics. A number of statistical techniques are described in the text and in the appendixes to provide information necessary to interpret data by use of appropriate methods.\r\n\r\nUncertainty is an important part of any decisionmaking process. In order to deal with uncertainty problems, the analyst needs to know the severity of the statistical uncertainty of the methods used to predict water quality. Statistical models need to be based on information that is meaningful, representative, complete, precise, accurate, and comparable to be deemed valid, up to date, and technically supportable. To assess uncertainty in the analytical tools, the modeling methods, and the underlying data set, all of these components need be documented and communicated in an accessible format within project publications.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr2000491","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration (A Contribution to the National Highway Runoff Data and Methodology Synthesis)","usgsCitation":"Tasker, G.D., and Granato, G., 2000, Statistical Approaches to Interpretation of Local, Regional, and National Highway-Runoff and Urban-Stormwater Data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-491, vi, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2000491.","productDescription":"vi, 59 p.","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192239,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9500,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr00-491/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3b5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":95035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":1692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory E.","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70754,"text":"ofr03412 - 2000 - Ground-water level changes in Nebraska, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:45","indexId":"ofr03412","displayToPublicDate":"2005-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-412","title":"Ground-water level changes in Nebraska, 1999","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03412","usgsCitation":"Stanton, J.S., 2000, Ground-water level changes in Nebraska, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-412, 3 p.; 1 fig.; 1 table, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03412.","productDescription":"3 p.; 1 fig.; 1 table","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24575,"text":"ofr00439 - 2000 - Southwest Washington coastal erosion workshop report 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-03T22:18:01.117863","indexId":"ofr00439","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-439","title":"Southwest Washington coastal erosion workshop report 1999","docAbstract":"Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Acknowledgments
Background
Watershed-Boundary Delineation
Standardized Watershed Classification
Watershed Characteristics
Topographic Datasets
Methods Used to Create a Standardized Watersheds Database
Source Datasets
DEM Processing—Creation of Hydrologic Derivatives
Watershed Delineation
Revision of the Hydrography
Computer-Generated Watershed Delineations
Review of Computer-Generated Watershed Delineations and
Manual DelineationsWatershed Region Coverage
Watershed Characteristics
Conflation of RF3 Attributes
Extending Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) to 12 Digits
Conclusions
Selected References
Appendix - Watershed Characteristic Computations
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00439","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Gelfenbaum, G., and Kaminsky, G.M., 2000, Southwest Washington coastal erosion workshop report 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-439, 187 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00439.","productDescription":"187 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155109,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388370,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67610.htm","text":"Sedimentation rates and occurrences of tephra in cores from the southwest Washington shelf"},{"id":1661,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-439/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465640,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67611.htm","text":"History of sand sequestering in a Holocene bay-margin spit complex, Willapa Bay, Washington","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465641,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67612.htm","text":"Interpretation of the average high water line from aerial photography: variability and repeatability","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465642,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67613.htm","text":"Bathymetric volume change: data and analysis","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465643,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67614.htm","text":"Preliminary results of multibeam bathymetry and backscatter survey","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465644,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67615.htm","text":"The inner shelf: source or sink for beach sand?","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465645,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67616.htm","text":"Scales of morphologic variability from event response to interannual change","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465646,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67617.htm","text":"Columbia River littoral cell sediment budget: what can we say about the source?","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465647,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67618.htm","text":"Sediment size distribution within the Columbia River littoral cell","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465648,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67619.htm","text":"Medium-large-scale nearshore morphologic variability along the Columbia River littoral cell","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.23315429687501,\n 46.24824991289166\n ],\n [\n -123.8653564453125,\n 46.24824991289166\n ],\n [\n -123.8653564453125,\n 47.50978034953473\n ],\n [\n -125.23315429687501,\n 47.50978034953473\n ],\n [\n -125.23315429687501,\n 46.24824991289166\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e71e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaminsky, George M.","contributorId":83150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminsky","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21849,"text":"ofr00404 - 2000 - Grays Harbor Wave Refraction Experiment 1999: data report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:42","indexId":"ofr00404","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-404","title":"Grays Harbor Wave Refraction Experiment 1999: data report","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr00404","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Gelfenbaum, G., Sherwood, C.R., Kerr, L.A., and Kurrus, K., 2000, Grays Harbor Wave Refraction Experiment 1999: data report (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-404, 3 computer optical discs :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00404.","productDescription":"3 computer optical discs :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1242,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-404/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671f33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, Christopher R. 0000-0001-6135-3553 csherwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-3553","contributorId":2866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Christopher","email":"csherwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kerr, Laura A.","contributorId":42241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerr","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kurrus, Keith","contributorId":53409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurrus","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":50354,"text":"ofr00263 - 2000 - A hiker's guide to the geology of Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-01T21:19:25.651839","indexId":"ofr00263","displayToPublicDate":"2003-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-263","title":"A hiker's guide to the geology of Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00263","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., 2000, A hiker's guide to the geology of Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-263, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00263.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420427,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59413.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":4159,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-263/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":169731,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.3401439134257,\n 38.5700261849054\n ],\n [\n -78.3401439134257,\n 38.5269221646619\n ],\n [\n -78.28502940345844,\n 38.5269221646619\n ],\n [\n -78.28502940345844,\n 38.5700261849054\n ],\n [\n -78.3401439134257,\n 38.5700261849054\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae483","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23570,"text":"ofr00132 - 2000 - Subsidence and sea-level rise in southeast Louisiana: Implications for coastal management and restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:07","indexId":"ofr00132","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-132","title":"Subsidence and sea-level rise in southeast Louisiana: Implications for coastal management and restoration","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr00132","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Kindinger, J., 2000, Subsidence and sea-level rise in southeast Louisiana: Implications for coastal management and restoration: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-132, 1 sheet (2 p.) :col. maps ;28 x 18 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00132.","productDescription":"1 sheet (2 p.) :col. maps ;28 x 18 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":258614,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0132/report.pdf","size":"1440","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0132/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kindinger, J. L.","contributorId":38983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22894,"text":"ofr00370 - 2000 - Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1998 through September 1999) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-14T21:16:45.502003","indexId":"ofr00370","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-370","title":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1998 through September 1999) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00370","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and David, C.P., 2000, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1998 through September 1999) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-370, iv, 102 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00370.","productDescription":"iv, 102 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402185,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34368.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52300,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0370/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0370/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"upper Clark Fork basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.895263671875,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -112.08251953125,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -112.08251953125,\n 47.00273390667881\n ],\n [\n -113.895263671875,\n 47.00273390667881\n ],\n [\n -113.895263671875,\n 46.07323062540835\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa429","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, K. A.","contributorId":40615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":23574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"David, C. P. C.","contributorId":76343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"P. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24462,"text":"ofr0091 - 2000 - Descriptions of selected digital spatial data for former Air Force Plant 36, Evendale, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"ofr0091","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-91","title":"Descriptions of selected digital spatial data for former Air Force Plant 36, Evendale, Ohio","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr0091","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Schalk, C.W., 2000, Descriptions of selected digital spatial data for former Air Force Plant 36, Evendale, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-91, iii, 39 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0091.","productDescription":"iii, 39 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53530,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db66803d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schalk, Charles W. cwschalk@usgs.gov","contributorId":1726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schalk","given":"Charles","email":"cwschalk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24282,"text":"ofr00476 - 2000 - Water-quality and ground-water-level trends, 1990-99, and data collected from 1995 through 1999, East Mountain area, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr00476","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-476","title":"Water-quality and ground-water-level trends, 1990-99, and data collected from 1995 through 1999, East Mountain area, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico","docAbstract":"Bernalillo County officials recognize the importance of \r\nmonitoring water quality and ground-water levels in rapidly \r\ndeveloping areas. For this reason, water-quality and ground-water-\r\nlevel data were collected from 87 wells, 3 springs, and the Ojo \r\nGrande Acequia in the east mountain area of Bernalillo County \r\nbetween January 1990 and June 1999. The water samples were \r\nanalyzed for selected nutrient species; total organic carbon; \r\nmajor dissolved constituents; methylene blue active substances; \r\nand dissolved arsenic. Analytical results were used to compute \r\nhardness, sodium adsorption ratio, and dissolved solids. Specific \r\nconductance, pH, air and water temperature, alkalinity, and \r\ndissolved oxygen were measured in the field at the time of sample \r\ncollection. Ground-water levels were measured at the time of \r\nsample collection.\r\n\r\nFrom January 1990 through June 1993, water-quality and ground-\r\nwater-level data were collected monthly from an initial set of 20 \r\nwells; these data were published in a 1995 report. During 1995, \r\nwater samples and ground-water-level data were collected and \r\nanalyzed from the initial set of 20 wells and from an additional 31 \r\nwells, 2 springs, and the Ojo Grande Acequia; these data were \r\npublished in a 1996 report. Additional water-quality and \r\nground-water-level data have been collected from sites in the east \r\nmountain area: 34 wells and the acequia during 1997, 14 wells and \r\n1 spring during 1998, and 6 wells during 1999.\r\n\r\nWater-quality and ground- water-level data collected in the \r\neast mountain area during 1995 through 1999 are presented in \r\ntables. In addition, temporal trends for ground-water levels, \r\nconcentrations of total and dissolved nitrite plus nitrate, \r\nconcentrations of dissolved chloride, and specific conductance \r\nare presented for 20 selected wells in water-quality and water-\r\nlevel hydrographs.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr00476","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D., 2000, Water-quality and ground-water-level trends, 1990-99, and data collected from 1995 through 1999, East Mountain area, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-476, 41 p. (22 figures, 2 tables, 4 p. of text), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00476.","productDescription":"41 p. (22 figures, 2 tables, 4 p. of text)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0476/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53403,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0476/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rankin, D.R.","contributorId":28991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22336,"text":"ofr00193 - 2000 - Principal facts for gravity stations in the vicinity of San Bernardino, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T14:21:51.785067","indexId":"ofr00193","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-193","title":"Principal facts for gravity stations in the vicinity of San Bernardino, Southern California","docAbstract":"New gravity measurements in the vicinity of San Bernardino, California were collected to help define the characteristics of the Rialto-Colton fault. The data were processed using standard reduction formulas and parameters. Rock properties such as lithology, magnetic susceptibility and density also were measured at several locations. Rock property measurements will be helpful for future modeling and density inversion calculations from the gravity data. On both the Bouguer and isostatic gravity maps, a prominent, 13-km long (8 mi), approximately 1-km (0.62 mi) wide gradient with an amplitude of 7 mGal, down to the northeast, is interpreted as the gravity expression of the Rialto-Colton fault. The gravity gradient strikes in a northwest direction and runs from the San Jacinto fault zone at its south end to San Sevine Canyon at the foot of the San Gabriel mountains at its north end. The Rialto-Colton fault has experienced both right-lateral strike-slip and normal fault motion that has offset basement rocks; therefore it is interpreted as a major, through-going fault.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00193","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Anderson, M., Roberts, C.W., and Jachens, R.C., 2000, Principal facts for gravity stations in the vicinity of San Bernardino, Southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-193, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00193.","productDescription":"32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":483871,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_26229.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281575,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0193/"},{"id":51744,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0193/pdf/of00-193.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155972,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0193/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Bernardino","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.667,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -117.667,\n 33.94\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 33.94\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -117.667,\n 34.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6672ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Megan L.","contributorId":69189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Megan L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, Carter W.","contributorId":45282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Carter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24852,"text":"ofr00430 - 2000 - Streamflow and Water-Quality Data for Bear Butte Creek Downstream of Sturgis, South Dakota, 1998-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:13","indexId":"ofr00430","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-430","title":"Streamflow and Water-Quality Data for Bear Butte Creek Downstream of Sturgis, South Dakota, 1998-2000","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr00430","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Williamson, J., 2000, Streamflow and Water-Quality Data for Bear Butte Creek Downstream of Sturgis, South Dakota, 1998-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-430, 37 p. (8 figures, 6 tables, 7 p. of text), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00430.","productDescription":"37 p. (8 figures, 6 tables, 7 p. of text)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0430/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53850,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0430/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Joyce E. jewillia@usgs.gov","contributorId":1964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Joyce E.","email":"jewillia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":192688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32994,"text":"ofr2000503 - 2000 - Sea floor topography and backscatter intensity of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS), offshore of New York, based on multibeam surveys conducted in 1996, 1998, and 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-25T13:24:37.856045","indexId":"ofr2000503","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-503","title":"Sea floor topography and backscatter intensity of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS), offshore of New York, based on multibeam surveys conducted in 1996, 1998, and 2000","docAbstract":"An area offshore of Sandy Hook, New Jersey, has been used extensively for disposal of dredged and other materials, derived from the New York/New Jersey Harbor and surrounding areas, since the late 1800's (Figure 1). Between 1976 and 1995, the New York Bight Dredged Material Disposal Site, also known as the Mud Dump Site (Figure 2), received on average about 6 million cubic yards of material each year from federal and private maintenance dredging and from harbor deepening activities (Massa and others, 1996). In September 1997 the Mud Dump Site (MDS) was closed as an official ocean disposal site by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (http://www.epa.gov/), and the MDS and surrounding areas were designated as the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS). The HARS is subdivided into a Primary Remediation Area (PRA, subdivided into 9 cells), a Buffer Zone, and a No-Discharge Zone (Figure 2). The sea floor of the HARS, approximately 9 square nautical miles in area, is being remediated by placing at least a one-meter cap of Category I (clean) dredged material on top of the existing surface sediments that exhibit varying degrees of degradation. (See http://www.nan.usace.army.mil/business/prjlinks/dmmp/benefic/hars.htm)(Category I sediments have no potential short or long-term impacts and are acceptable for unrestricted ocean disposal (EPA, 1996)). About 1.1 million cubic yards of dredged material for remediation was placed in the HARS in 1999, and 2.5 million cubic yards in 2000.\r\n\r\nThree multibeam echosounder surveys were carried out to map the topography and surficial geology of the HARS. The surveys were conducted November 23 - December 3, 1996, October 26 - November 11, 1998, and April 6 - 30, 2000. The surveys were carried out as part of a larger survey of the Hudson Shelf Valley and adjacent shelf (Butman and others, 1998, (http://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of98-616/). This report presents maps showing topography, shaded relief, and backscatter intensity (a measure of sea floor texture and roughness) at a scale of 1:25,000. Comparison of the topography and backscatter intensity from the three surveys show changes in topography and surficial sediment properties resulting from placement of dredged material in 1996 and 1997 prior to closure of the Mud Dump Site, as well as placement of capping material for remediation of the HARS.\r\n\r\nThe surficial geology and sediments of the HARS and the surrounding region are described in Butman and others (1998), (http://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of98-616/, Schwab and others (1997, 2000, http://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of00-295/). A history of waste disposal in the New York Bight region is presented in Massa and others (1996).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2000503","isbn":"0607989386","usgsCitation":"Butman, B., Danforth, W.W., Knowles, S., May, B., and Serrett, L., 2000, Sea floor topography and backscatter intensity of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS), offshore of New York, based on multibeam surveys conducted in 1996, 1998, and 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-503, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2000503.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3158,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-503/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc669","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danforth, W. W.","contributorId":16386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knowles, S.C.","contributorId":80956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"May, Brian","contributorId":32400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Serrett, Laurie","contributorId":62464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serrett","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":32962,"text":"ofr00284 - 2000 - Map and database of Quaternary faults and folds in Colombia and its offshore regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T10:59:29","indexId":"ofr00284","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-284","title":"Map and database of Quaternary faults and folds in Colombia and its offshore regions","docAbstract":"As part of the International Lithosphere Program’s “World Map of Major Active Faults,” the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is assisting in the compilation of a series of digital maps of Quaternary faults and folds in Western Hemisphere countries. The maps show the locations, ages, and activity rates of major earthquake-related features such as faults and fault-related folds. They are accompanied by databases that describe these features and document current information on their activity in the Quaternary. Top date, the project has published fault and fold maps for Costa Rica (Montero and others, 1998), Panama (Cowan and others, 1998), Venezuela (Audemard and others, 2000), Bolovia/Chile (Lavenu, and others, 2000), and Argentina (Costa and others, 2000). The project is a key part of the Global Seismic Hazards Assessment Program (ILP Project II-0) for the International Decade for Natural Hazard Disaster Reduction.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00284","usgsCitation":"Paris, G., Machette, M., Dart, R.L., and Haller, K., 2000, Map and database of Quaternary faults and folds in Colombia and its offshore regions: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-284, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00284.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3126,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0284/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Colombia","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8be4b07f02db65192e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paris, Gabriel","contributorId":15884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paris","given":"Gabriel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Machette, Michael N.","contributorId":28963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dart, Richard L. dart@usgs.gov","contributorId":1209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dart","given":"Richard","email":"dart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":209537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haller, Kathleen M. haller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Kathleen M.","email":"haller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":209538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":21730,"text":"ofr00368 - 2000 - Digital archive, Geological report by J. S. Newberry and Map by J. N. Macomb from the exploring expedition from Santa Fe, New Mexico, to the junction of the Grand and Green Rivers of the great Colorado of the West in 1849, with descriptions of the Cretaceous fossils collected on the expedition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:53","indexId":"ofr00368","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-368","title":"Digital archive, Geological report by J. S. Newberry and Map by J. N. Macomb from the exploring expedition from Santa Fe, New Mexico, to the junction of the Grand and Green Rivers of the great Colorado of the West in 1849, with descriptions of the Cretaceous fossils collected on the expedition","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr00368","issn":"0566-8174","isbn":"0607955473","usgsCitation":"McKinney, K.C., 2000, Digital archive, Geological report by J. S. Newberry and Map by J. N. Macomb from the exploring expedition from Santa Fe, New Mexico, to the junction of the Grand and Green Rivers of the great Colorado of the West in 1849, with descriptions of the Cretaceous fossils collected on the expedition (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-368, 1 computer optical disc ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (12 x 15 x 1 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00368.","productDescription":"1 computer optical disc ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (12 x 15 x 1 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4616","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinney, Kevin C. kcmckinney@usgs.gov","contributorId":3406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinney","given":"Kevin","email":"kcmckinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":185446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23095,"text":"ofr00405 - 2000 - Cruise report R/V Surf Surveyor cruise S1-00-CL, mapping the bathymetry of Crater Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-14T19:07:41.162141","indexId":"ofr00405","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-405","title":"Cruise report R/V Surf Surveyor cruise S1-00-CL, mapping the bathymetry of Crater Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"During the Spring of 1999, the US Geological Survey (USGS) Pacific Seafloor Mapping Project (PSMP) was contacted by the US National Park Service Crater Lake National Park (CLNP) to inquire about the plausibility of producing a high-resolution multibeam bathymetric map of Crater Lake. The purpose was to generate a much higher-resolution and more geographically accurate bathymetric map than was produced in 1959, the last time the lake had been surveyed. Scientific interest in various aspects of Crater Lake (aquatic biology, geochemistry, volcanic processes, etc.) has increased during the past decade but the basemap of bathymetry was woefully inadequate. Funds were gathered during the early part of 2000 and the mapping began in late July, 2000. Crater Lake (see fig. 1 in report) is located in south central Oregon (see fig. 2 in report) within the Cascades Range, a chain of volcanoes that stretches from northern California to southern British Columbia. Crater Lake is the collapsed caldera of Mt. Mazama from a climatic eruption about 7700-yr ago (Nelson et al., 1988; Bacon and Lanphere, 1990; Bacon et al., 1997).\n\nThe floor of Crater Lake has only been mapped three times since the lake was first stumbled upon by gold prospectors in the 1853. The first survey was carried by out by William G. Steel during a joint USGS-US Army expedition under the direction of Maj. Clarence E. Dutton in 1886 (Dutton, 1889). Steel�s mapping survey collected 186 soundings using a Millers lead-line sounding machine (see fig.3 in report). The resulting map (see fig.4 in report) shows only soundings and no attempts were made to generate contours. The second survey, conducted in 1959 by the US Coast and Geodetic Survey, mapped the bathymetry of Crater Lake with an acoustic echo sounder using radar navigation and collected 4000 soundings. The data were contoured by Williams (1961) and Byrne (1962) and the result is a fairly detailed map of the large-scale features of Crater Lake (see fig. 5 in report). The third mapping survey, the one of this report, was a joint USGS-NPS project carried out under a Cooperative Agreement with the Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, University of New Hampshire. The 2000 survey used a Kongsberg Simrad EM1002 high-resolution multibeam mapping system owned and operated by C&C Technologies, Inc. of Lafayette, LA.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00405","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J.V., Mayer, L.A., and Buktenica, M.W., 2000, Cruise report R/V Surf Surveyor cruise S1-00-CL, mapping the bathymetry of Crater Lake, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-405, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00405.","productDescription":"32 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281868,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0405/pdf/of00-405.pdf"},{"id":156003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1511,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0405/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":406712,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34504.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.0500373840332,\n 42.954286692791804\n ],\n [\n -122.05106735229491,\n 42.95918640116398\n ],\n [\n -122.05673217773438,\n 42.963206383314834\n ],\n [\n -122.06274032592773,\n 42.96483942603637\n ],\n [\n -122.06720352172852,\n 42.96797977096856\n ],\n [\n -122.06977844238281,\n 42.96797977096856\n ],\n [\n -122.07115173339844,\n 42.970240720051635\n ],\n [\n -122.07630157470705,\n 42.972250382799615\n ],\n [\n -122.07475662231444,\n 42.976520698105524\n ],\n [\n 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V.","contributorId":93035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, Larry A.","contributorId":69583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buktenica, Mark W.","contributorId":47817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buktenica","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23467,"text":"ofr00379 - 2000 - A filter circuit board for the Earthworm Seismic Data Acquisition System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-31T14:35:26","indexId":"ofr00379","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-379","title":"A filter circuit board for the Earthworm Seismic Data Acquisition System","docAbstract":"The Earthworm system is a seismic network data acquisition and processing system used by the Northern California Seismic Network as well as many other seismic networks. The input to the system is comprised of many realtime electronic waveforms fed to a multi-channel digitizer on a PC platform. The digitizer consists of one or more National Instruments Corp. AMUX–64T multiplexer boards attached to an A/D converter board located in the computer. Originally, passive filters were installed on the multiplexers to eliminate electronic noise picked up in cabling. It was later discovered that a small amount of crosstalk occurred between successive channels in the digitizing sequence. Though small, this crosstalk will cause what appear to be small earthquake arrivals at the wrong time on some channels. This can result in erroneous calculation of earthquake arrival times, particularly by automated algorithms. To deal with this problem, an Earthworm filter board was developed to provide the needed filtering while eliminating crosstalk. This report describes the tests performed to find a suitable solution, and the design of the circuit board. Also included are all the details needed to build and install this board in an Earthworm system or any other system using the AMUX–64T board. Available below is the report in PDF format as well as an archive file containing the circuit board manufacturing information.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00379","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Jensen, E., 2000, A filter circuit board for the Earthworm Seismic Data Acquisition System: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-379, Report: 17 p.; Archive file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00379.","productDescription":"Report: 17 p.; Archive file","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1789,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0379/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr00379.png"},{"id":281853,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0379/pdf/of00-379.pdf"},{"id":281854,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0379/EWFilter.exe"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aec3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jensen, Edward Gray","contributorId":37372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Edward Gray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24430,"text":"ofr00365 - 2000 - Eastern Aleutian volcanic arc digital model - version 1.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr00365","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-365","title":"Eastern Aleutian volcanic arc digital model - version 1.0","docAbstract":"A 3-dimensional model (Figure 1) of the interaction of oceanic and continental tectonic plates along the eastern portion of the Aleutian volcanic arc helps in the visualization of basic tectonic, geodetic, and geophysical data in this active plate boundary region. The model is constrained by topographic, bathymetric, and seismic data and by the principle of isostasy. Examination of free-air gravity anomalies over the region indicates where the flexural strength of the down-going oceanic slab disturbs local isostatic balance and where low-density sediments have accumulated in the trench and forearc regions.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr00365","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., and Barnett, A., 2000, Eastern Aleutian volcanic arc digital model - version 1.0 (Version 1.0.): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-365, NA, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00365.","productDescription":"NA","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1775,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0365/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db62874d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, R. W.","contributorId":85588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"R.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnett, Adrienne","contributorId":16820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"Adrienne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21793,"text":"ofr00244 - 2000 - Geochemical and isotopic data from streambed sediment, Animas River watershed, Colorado, 1995-1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T12:44:13","indexId":"ofr00244","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-244","title":"Geochemical and isotopic data from streambed sediment, Animas River watershed, Colorado, 1995-1999","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr00244","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Church, S.E., Fey, D., Unruh, D., Vaughn, R.B., and Taggart, J., 2000, Geochemical and isotopic data from streambed sediment, Animas River watershed, Colorado, 1995-1999 (Version 1.0.): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-244, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00244.","productDescription":"17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153690,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1217,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":308212,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/OFR-00-0244.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":308213,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table1.xls","text":"Table 1","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308214,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table2.xls","text":"Table 2","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308215,"rank":6,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table3.xls","text":"Table 3","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308216,"rank":7,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table4.xls","text":"Table 4","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308217,"rank":8,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table5.xls","text":"Table 5","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308218,"rank":9,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table6.xls","text":"Table 6","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308220,"rank":11,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table8.xls","text":"Table 8","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308221,"rank":12,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table9.xls","text":"Table 9","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308219,"rank":10,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table7.xls","text":"Table 7","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308222,"rank":13,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table10.xls","text":"Table 10","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":308223,"rank":14,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0244/Table11.xls","text":"Table 11","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b1e4b07f02db53074f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Church, S. E.","contributorId":58260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fey, D.L.","contributorId":44537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Unruh, D.M.","contributorId":8498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vaughn, R. B.","contributorId":27043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughn","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taggart, J.E. Jr.","contributorId":51301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"J.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":24256,"text":"ofr00512 - 2000 - The lasting effects of tank maneuvers on desert soils and intershrub flora","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-05T10:20:05","indexId":"ofr00512","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-512","title":"The lasting effects of tank maneuvers on desert soils and intershrub flora","docAbstract":"Mojave Desert soils and intershrub flora sustained lasting disturbances during military training maneuvers initiated by General George Patton, Jr. in the 1940s, and during Operation Desert Strike in 1964. At six sites, mean desert pavement clast size was significantly smaller by 15% to 50% in single tank tracks compared to undisturbed surfaces. The finer-grained tracks yielded significantly higher surface reflectance values at two of three sites. At one site, Patton era tank tracks cross centuries-old \"intaglios\" and there was no significant difference in clast size between the disturbances. Full recovery of pavement surfaces may require a change in climate since pavements formed in Pleistocene times under climatic conditions that no longer exist. Tank tracks of both ages exhibited significant levels of soil compaction, as indicated by penetrometer resistance values that were 51% to 120% greater than those in undisturbed soils to 0.3 m depth. Soil bulk density in tracks was 4% to 6% higher than in undisturbed soils. Soil compaction lowered infiltration rates in tank tracks by 24% to 55% in comparison to undisturbed soils. Compaction has prevented the intershrub flora from recovering in tank tracks. Annual and herbaceous perennial plant density was higher by 13% to 56% in tank tracks than in undisturbed soils, but compaction has restricted the growth of individual plants. This was reflected in plant cover values, which were 3% to 16% lower in tank tracks than in undisturbed soils. Soil compaction also altered the species composition. Species with long taproots, such as Chaenactis fremontii, were reduced in density and cover in tank tracks, whereas grass species with shallow, fibrous root systems had large density increases in tracks. Another important element of the intershrub flora, cryptobiotic crust, exhibited a low rate of recovery from the impact of tank travel at one site. The cover of the most well-developed component of the crusts, growing on delicate soil pedicels in undisturbed soils, was reduced by 50% in tank tracks because of destruction and compaction of the uppermost soil layers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00512","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Prose, D.V., and Wilshire, H.G., 2000, The lasting effects of tank maneuvers on desert soils and intershrub flora: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-512, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00512.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":555,"text":"Soil Biogeochemistry Group","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr00512.jpg"},{"id":1639,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0512/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281997,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0512/pdf/of00-512.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California;Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.0,32.0 ], [ -117.0,36.0 ], [ -113.0,36.0 ], [ -113.0,32.0 ], [ -117.0,32.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64b075","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prose, Douglas V.","contributorId":72019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prose","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilshire, Howard G.","contributorId":68346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilshire","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21855,"text":"ofr00494 - 2000 - High-resolution marine seismic reflection data from the San Francisco Bay area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-27T01:01:43","indexId":"ofr00494","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-494","title":"High-resolution marine seismic reflection data from the San Francisco Bay area","docAbstract":"Between 1993 and 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey acquired high-resolution, marine seismic-reflection profile data across submerged portions of known and inferred upper crustal fault zones throughout the greater San Francisco Bay area. Surveys were conducted oversouth San Francisco Bay in the vicinity of the San Bruno shoal (roughly between the San Francisco and Oakland airports), over the offshore extension of the San Andreas fault system west of the Golden Gate, over the Hayward fault to Rodgers Creek fault step-over in San Pablo Bay, and over the Kirby Hills fault where it crosses the western Sacramento Delta. Reconnaissance profiles were acquired elsewhere throughout the San Francisco and San Pablo Bays. These data were acquired by the U.S. Geological Survey, Western Coastal and Marine Geology Team, under the auspices of the Central California/San Francisco Bay Earthquake Hazards Project. Analysis and interpretation of some of these profiles has been published by Marlow and others (1996, 1999). Further analysis and interpretation of these data are available in a USGS. Professional Paper Crustal Structure of the Coastal and Marine San Francisco Bay Region, T. Parsons, editor, http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/prof-paper/pp1658/ [link added 2012 mfd].","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00494","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Childs, J.R., Hart, P., Bruns, T.R., Marlow, M.S., and Sliter, R., 2000, High-resolution marine seismic reflection data from the San Francisco Bay area (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-494, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00494.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257886,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0494/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6888a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Childs, Jonathan R. jchilds@usgs.gov","contributorId":3155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"Jonathan","email":"jchilds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Patrick","contributorId":46691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bruns, Terry R.","contributorId":29420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruns","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marlow, Michael S.","contributorId":72775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sliter, Ray","contributorId":46109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":24607,"text":"ofr00355 - 2000 - Recovery of perennial vegetation in military target sites in the eastern Mohave Desert, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T13:41:16.683736","indexId":"ofr00355","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-355","title":"Recovery of perennial vegetation in military target sites in the eastern Mohave Desert, Arizona","docAbstract":"The effect of the age of geomorphic surfaces on the recovery of desert vegetation in military target sites was studied in the Mohave and Cerbat Mountains of northwestern Arizona. The target sites were cleared of all vegetation during military exercises in 1942-1943 and have not been subsequently disturbed. The degree of recovery was measured by calculating percentage-similarity (PS) and correlation-coefficient indices on the basis of differences in cover, density, and volume of species growing in and out of each target site. PS values, ranging from 22.7 to 95.1 percent (100 percent = identical composition), indicate a wide range of recovery that is partially controlled by the edaphic properties of the geomorphic surfaces. Statistical analyses show a strong pattern that indicates a greater variability in the degree of recovery for sites on older surfaces than on younger surfaces and a weak pattern that indicates an inverse relation between the degree of recovery and geomorphic age. Comparisons of the different effects of target site construction on the edaphic characteristics of each target site provides an explanation for these patterns and suggests the soil properties critical to the recovery process. Statistically significant negative or positive response to disturbance for most species are independent of the age of the geomorphic surfaces; however, there is strong evidence for a shift in response for the common perennial species Acamptopappus sphaerocephalus, and to a lesser extent, Salazaria mexicana, Encelia farinosa, and Coldenia canescens, among different geomorphic surfaces.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00355","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Steiger, J.W., and Webb, R., 2000, Recovery of perennial vegetation in military target sites in the eastern Mohave Desert, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-355, i, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00355.","productDescription":"i, 28 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157683,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1887,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0355/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281616,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0355/pdf/of00-355.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.9789,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,34.1607 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db63540c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steiger, John W.","contributorId":19196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steiger","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert H.","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":192242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}