In coordination with the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) and in response to the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) produced a documented unplugged orphaned oil and gas well dataset (called the DOW dataset hereafter) that contains the location and status of these wells nationwide as of 2022. The DOW dataset includes 117,672 wells across 27 states. The data were compiled from publicly available, and often online, state agency sources. The USGS reformatted, produced coordinate locations when needed, and conducted quality control evaluations on the source material. The DOW dataset has numerous potential uses related to the topic of orphaned well locations. For example, the DOW dataset has contributed to the template behind the DOI's future orphaned well program database. Until the DOI database is complete, the USGS's DOW dataset may serve as an interim product, helping the DOI fulfill obligations in the BIL legislation.
The DOW dataset can also be utilized in future USGS estimates of greenhouse gas emissions from Federal lands. The DOW dataset is available as a USGS data release with metadata describing the sources and processing steps used in its production. An online map is also available for exploration and interaction with the DOW data. In addition to describing the DOW dataset and its generation, this report includes analyses of orphaned well completion year and well depth, produced by combining the DOW dataset with the proprietary IHS Markit database.
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U.S. Geological Survey
956 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
Hatchery programmes are frequently used to supplement inland fisheries, yet achieving successful management outcomes often requires information on stocked versus naturally reproduced fish abundance. Parentage-based tagging – genetically assigning offspring to their parents – has potential to be an effective approach for distinguishing stocked and naturally reproduced fish. However, several challenges may limit its application to inland fisheries, including genetic relatedness among populations that can affect identification accuracy and high costs of genotyping large broodstocks. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of parentage-based tagging based on broodmothers in the Lake Ontario Chinook Salmon fishery, which uses thousands of broodparents and has potential for substantial relatedness between stocked and naturally reproduced fish. Restricting parent sampling to broodmothers reduced costs by two-thirds, was logistically pragmatic, and achieved >95% accuracy in distinguishing stocked from naturally reproduced salmon. Combined, these results highlight the potential wide applicability of parentage-based tagging for assessing stocking programmes in inland waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fme.12614","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, K., Overgaard Therkildsen, N., Marcy-Quay, B., Borchardt-Wier, H., and Sethi, S., 2023, Parentage-based tagging using mothers balances accuracy and cost for discriminating between natural and stocked recruitment for inland fisheries: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 30, no. 6, p. 592-602, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12614.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"592","endPage":"602","ipdsId":"IP-143265","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12614","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481546,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"New York, Ontario","otherGeospatial":"Credit River, Ganaraska River, Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.35780470076405,\n 44.00588711448293\n ],\n [\n -78.35780470076405,\n 43.938390937821964\n ],\n [\n -78.27054744204773,\n 43.938390937821964\n ],\n [\n -78.27054744204773,\n 44.00588711448293\n ],\n [\n -78.35780470076405,\n 44.00588711448293\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.64793103775978,\n 43.56371639011229\n ],\n [\n -79.64793103775978,\n 43.53520511958473\n ],\n [\n -79.57763884041233,\n 43.53520511958473\n ],\n [\n -79.57763884041233,\n 43.56371639011229\n ],\n [\n -79.64793103775978,\n 43.56371639011229\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.12853567648116,\n 43.58938347630331\n ],\n [\n -76.12853567648116,\n 43.42078701813762\n ],\n [\n -75.84858907895543,\n 43.42078701813762\n ],\n [\n -75.84858907895543,\n 43.58938347630331\n ],\n [\n -76.12853567648116,\n 43.58938347630331\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Kimberly B.","contributorId":350351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Kimberly B.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Overgaard Therkildsen, Nina","contributorId":350352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overgaard Therkildsen","given":"Nina","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marcy-Quay, Benjamin","contributorId":350353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marcy-Quay","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Borchardt-Wier, Harmony B.","contributorId":350354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borchardt-Wier","given":"Harmony B.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":925814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70240742,"text":"70240742 - 2023 - Metagenomic mapping of cyanobacteria and potential cyanotoxin producing taxa in large rivers of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-17T13:20:13.774667","indexId":"70240742","displayToPublicDate":"2023-02-16T07:18:05","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metagenomic mapping of cyanobacteria and potential cyanotoxin producing taxa in large rivers of the United States","docAbstract":"Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin producing cyanobacterial blooms are a trending focus of current research. Many studies focus on bloom events in lentic environments such as lakes or ponds. Comparatively few studies have explored lotic environments and fewer still have examined the cyanobacterial communities and potential cyanotoxin producers during ambient, non-bloom conditions. Here we used a metagenomics-based approach to profile non-bloom microbial communities and cyanobacteria in 12 major U.S. rivers at multiple time points during the summer months of 2019. Our data show that U.S. rivers possess microbial communities that are taxonomically rich, yet largely consistent across geographic location and time. Within these communities, cyanobacteria often comprise significant portions and frequently include multiple species with known cyanotoxin producing strains. We further characterized these potential cyanotoxin producing taxa by deep sequencing amplicons of the microcystin E (mcyE) gene. We found that rivers containing the highest levels of potential cyanotoxin producing cyanobacteria consistently possess taxa with the genetic potential for cyanotoxin production and that, among these taxa, the predominant genus of origin for the mcyE gene is Microcystis. Combined, these data provide a unique perspective on cyanobacteria and potential cyanotoxin producing taxa that exist in large rivers across the U.S. and can be used to better understand the ambient conditions that may precede bloom events in lotic freshwater ecosystems.
Watersheds are subjected to diverse anthropogenic inputs, exposing aquatic biota to a wide range of chemicals. Detection of multiple, different chemicals can challenge natural resource managers who often have to determine where to allocate potentially limited resources. Here, we describe a weight-of-evidence framework for retrospectively prioritizing aquatic contaminants. To demonstrate framework utility, we used data from 96-h caged fish studies to prioritize chemicals detected in the Milwaukee Estuary (WI, USA; 2017–2018). Across study years, 77/178 targeted chemicals were detected. Chemicals were assigned prioritization scores based on spatial and temporal detection frequency, environmental distribution, environmental fate, ecotoxicological potential, and effect prediction. Chemicals were sorted into priority bins based on the intersection of prioritization score and data availability. Data-limited chemicals represented those that did not have sufficient data to adequately evaluate ecotoxicological potential or environmental fate. Seven compounds (fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, pyrene, atrazine, metolachlor, phenanthrene, and DEET) were identified as high or medium priority and data sufficient and flagged as candidates for further effects-based monitoring studies. Twenty-one compounds were identified as high or medium priority and data limited and flagged as candidates for further ecotoxicological research. Fifteen chemicals were flagged as the lowest priority in the watershed. One of these chemicals (2-methylnaphthalene) displayed no data limitations and was flagged as a definitively low-priority chemical. The remaining chemicals displayed some data limitations and were considered lower-priority compounds (contingent on further ecotoxicological and environmental fate assessments). The remaining 34 compounds were flagged as low or medium priority. Altogether, this prioritization provided a screening-level (non-definitive) assessment that could be used to focus further resource management and risk assessment activities in the Milwaukee Estuary. Furthermore, by providing detailed methodology and a practical example with real experimental data, we demonstrated that the proposed framework represents a transparent and adaptable approach for prioritizing contaminants in freshwater environments. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;00:1–21. © 2022 SETAC
Side channels in large floodplain rivers serve a variety of important ecological roles, particularly in reaches where habitat conditions have been degraded or diminished. We developed hypotheses regarding side channel ecological structure whereby we expected species richness of young-of-year fishes to generally be higher in shallower, more physically heterogeneous side channels with lower velocities, with differences based on reproductive guild. We also hypothesized species richness of adult fishes to be higher in side channels with greater heterogeneity that could support diverse foraging resources and provide refugia during extreme flow conditions. To test these hypotheses, we used a 28-year fish community dataset from the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers. Across six study reaches, we assessed metrics of side channel physical size, heterogeneity, and connectivity that were hypothesized to explain variance of fish community response, while accounting for site-level factors across 52 side channels using multilevel models. We then used these side channel-level characteristics in a K-means cluster analysis to classify 1126 side channels across 32 reaches of the river system. Our results indicated that the relative explanatory contributions of physical metrics varied by response variable, providing varying evidence in support of our hypotheses, and indicating that different forms of heterogeneity matter in different ways. Side channel-level factors were more explanatory of fish community responses in side channels of upstream reaches compared to downstream reaches and percent wet forest was the most explanatory side channel-level factor of fish community responses across all models. Our classification of side channels indicated strong spatial contrasts in the abundance and diversity of side channels across reaches. Scaling up to understand how the diversity and abundance of different types of side channels contributes to landscape-scale ecological functions and processes would be useful for establishing targets for reach-scale physical heterogeneity.
Understanding how energy moves through food webs and limits productivity at various trophic levels is a central question in aquatic ecology and can provide insight into drivers of fish population dynamics since many fish populations are food limited. In this study, we seek to better understand what factors drove a decline of >85% in the number of Rainbow TroutOncorhynchus mykiss found in the tailwater portion of the Colorado River below Glen Canyon Dam during 2012–2016.
We estimate the production of dominant prey using data from previously published studies of Rainbow Trout abundance and growth alongside drift and diet samples. We test how prey production correlates to both proximate (e.g., nutrients) and distal (e.g., limnological conditions in the upriver reservoir) drivers.
Results suggest that gross consumption of invertebrate prey by the Rainbow Trout population declined from an annual mean of 423 to 69 kg/d. Daily production rates of dominant prey in aggregate declined from a high of 0.173 to 0.018 g·m−2·d−1. Chironomids accounted for 70% of the decline in prey production. Foraging efficiency by Rainbow Trout (range, 0.99–0.67) was high across the range of prey production rates. After the Rainbow Trout population had declined by ~90%, prey consumption saturated at higher rates of prey production and the gross quantity of daily drift exported from the reach increased from 8.9 to 12.7 kg/d.
Rainbow Trout population dynamics are largely influenced by changes in prey production, which is itself driven by soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations in the reservoir. The SRP model predicted that prey production would increase by 32 kg/d (SE, 9) for each 1 μg/L increase in SRP. These concentrations were indirectly influenced by reservoir hydrology and biogeochemistry, linkages that may extend far beyond the confines of this tailwater fishery and into the downstream reaches of the Grand Canyon's Colorado River ecosystem.
We combined Rainbow Trout diet, growth, and abundance estimates with concentrations of drifting invertebrates to estimate the biomass of Rainbow Trout prey produced over time. Trends in prey biomass production track trends in phosphorous concentrations in the river.
A high-resolution multibeam survey from a portion of the San Simeon Channel (offshore Morro Bay, California) captured a zone of recurring troughs and ridges adjacent to prominent submarine meander bends. Through an integrated study using surveying data, sediment core analysis, radiocarbon dating, and stable isotope measurements, we hypothesize that turbidity current event frequency was higher during the late Pleistocene than at present conditions. We speculate that the rise in sea-level following the Last Glacial Maximum sequestered sedimentation largely to the shelf during the Holocene. This work suggests that the occurrence of sediment gravity flows in this region, particularly away from any submarine channels, is appreciably lower than at times of continental shelf subaerial exposure.
Many imperiled species face increasing extinction risk that requires interventional management like translocation or captive rearing. The use of translocations to successfully restore or create populations requires that animals survive at recipient sites, information that is often lacking for imperiled species and that can be risky to acquire if not obtained before a species has dwindled in number. The giant gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas), a semiaquatic snake endemic to the Central Valley in California, USA, has declined after losing >90% of its historical habitat and may benefit from successful translocations to protected habitat. We released adult and captive-reared juvenile snakes from 2 donor sites into a recently restored wetland in 2019 and 2020 and compared their survival, movement, and activity using radio-telemetry through 2021. We monitored juvenile survival for 2 years in captivity after birth and then estimated post-release survival at the recipient site using radio-telemetry. Just 8% of translocated adult snakes survived >801 days (95% CI = 1–64%) compared with 39% of resident snakes at the donor sites surviving >1,154 days (95% CI = 23–68%). This equated to annualized survival rates of translocated adults (x̄ = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.12–0.82) that were roughly half that of resident snakes (x̄= 0.74, 95% CI = 0.63–0.89). Translocation was negatively correlated with survival, but movement and activity received little support in models. Seventy-six percent of juvenile snakes survived captivity and, once released, juvenile survival was 60% (95% CI = 38–94%) for the 4-month monitoring period before winter. It is unclear why survival of translocated adult snakes was lower than that of resident snakes, but there was little evidence for differences in behavior (e.g., increased surface activity, average distance moved, emigration from the translocation site) that are commonly cited causes of mortality in other translocation studies. Our results suggest that, in the absence of a clear understanding as to what contributes to adult survival after release to a new site, future work using captive-rearing and juvenile translocation may be more promising for establishing and recovering populations than just translocating adults given the high survival of juveniles.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22374","usgsCitation":"Nguyen, A.M., Todd, B.D., and Halstead, B., 2023, Survival and establishment of captive-reared and translocated giant gartersnakes after release: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 87, no. 3, e22374, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22374.","productDescription":"e22374, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-141984","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":444454,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22374","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435451,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9I448M2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Code to analyze survival data for Giant gatersnakes, Thamnophis gigas in Sacramento County, California from 2018 to 2021"},{"id":435450,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KVX596","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Survival Data for Translocated Adults and Captive-Reared Juvenile Giant Gartersnakes in Sacramento County, California (2018-2021)"},{"id":413608,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Sacramento 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Allison M. 0000-0003-4408-5934 amnguyen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4408-5934","contributorId":302759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nguyen","given":"Allison","email":"amnguyen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":65544,"text":"USGS, WERC, Dixon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":865381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Todd, Brian D","contributorId":167777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Todd","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":865382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":865383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70242152,"text":"70242152 - 2023 - Groundwater recharge in northern New England: Meteorological drivers and relations with low streamflow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T11:37:58.859573","indexId":"70242152","displayToPublicDate":"2023-02-16T06:33:01","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater recharge in northern New England: Meteorological drivers and relations with low streamflow","docAbstract":"Meteorological drivers of groundwater recharge for spring (February–June), fall (October–January), and recharge-year (October–June) recharge seasons were evaluated for northern New England and upstate New York from 1989 to 2018. Monthly groundwater recharge was computed at 21 observation wells by subtracting the water levels at the end of each month from the level of the previous month; only positive monthly values were used to compute seasonal recharge. Precipitation, temperature, sea-level pressure, 500-mb geopotential heights, and various teleconnection indices were tested as explanatory variables for the interannual variability of recharge using random forest machine learning models. Precipitation within recharge seasons was positively correlated with groundwater recharge for most wells in all seasons. In general, whilst groundwater recharge in the study area was generally highest during the months of March and April, October precipitation was an important month for explaining the interannual groundwater recharge variability. This is likely because the variability in recharge in October may be high or low for given years. Sea-level pressure and 500-mb heights were typically inversely correlated with groundwater recharge during the recharge-year and fall recharge seasons, as higher sea-level pressure and heights are usually associated with clearer skies and less precipitation. The North Atlantic Oscillation, Pacific-North American pattern, and Pacific Decadal Oscillation teleconnections affected groundwater recharge differently by well and season. The influence of groundwater recharge on minimum daily streamflows during the subsequent summer/fall was also analysed. Summer precipitation was the most important explanatory variable for study streams whilst groundwater recharge and summer air temperature were significant variables for a few streams.
We conducted the first assessment of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chick survival that accounts for imperfect resighting. We found that when chicks are larger in size when they enter the crèche stage (the period when both parents forage at the same time and chicks are left relatively unprotected), they have a higher probability of survival to fledging. We investigated the relationships between growth, crèche timing, and chick survival during one typical year and one year of reduced food availability. Chicks that hatched earlier in the season entered the crèche stage older, and chicks that both grew faster and crèched older entered the crèche at a larger size. These relationships were stronger in the year of reduced food availability. Thus, parents increased their chicks’ chance of fledging if they provided sufficient food for faster growth rates and/or extended the length of the brood-guarding period. Early nest initiation (i.e., early hatching) provided parents with the opportunity to extend the guard period and increase chick survival. However, to extend the guard stage successfully, they must provide larger meals and maintain higher chick growth rates, even if just one parent at a time is foraging, which previous work has shown is not possible for all individuals. We show that the factors governing tradeoffs in chick-rearing behavior of Adélie Penguin parents may vary in accord with environmental conditions, a result from which we can better understand species’ adaptations to environmental changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ornithology/ukad006","usgsCitation":"Jennings, S., Dugger, K., Ballard, G., and Ainley, D., 2023, Faster growth and larger size at crèche onset are associated with higher offspring survival in Adélie Penguins: Ornithology, v. 140, no. 2, ukad006, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukad006.","productDescription":"ukad006, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142218","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukad006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430179,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"140","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, Scott","contributorId":275175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jennings","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":56739,"text":"cypres grove","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X cdugger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":4399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"cdugger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballard, Grant","contributorId":276385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballard","given":"Grant","affiliations":[{"id":48619,"text":"pbcs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ainley, David","contributorId":275713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":56884,"text":"htha","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70240682,"text":"sir20225051 - 2023 - Generalized additive model estimation of no-flow fractions and L-moments to support flow-duration curve quantile estimation using selected probability distributions for bay and estuary restoration in the Gulf States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T19:14:56.874467","indexId":"sir20225051","displayToPublicDate":"2023-02-15T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2022-5051","displayTitle":"Generalized Additive Model Estimation of No-Flow Fractions and L-Moments to Support Flow-Duration Curve Quantile Estimation Using Selected Probability Distributions for Bay and Estuary Restoration in the Gulf States","title":"Generalized additive model estimation of no-flow fractions and L-moments to support flow-duration curve quantile estimation using selected probability distributions for bay and estuary restoration in the Gulf States","docAbstract":"Censored and uncensored generalized additive models (GAMs) were developed using streamflow data from 941 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations (streamgages) to predict decadal statistics of daily streamflow for streams draining to the Gulf of Mexico. The modeled decadal statistics comprise no-flow fractions and L-moments of logarithms of nonzero streamflow for six decades (1950–2009). These statistics represent metrics of decadal flow-duration curves (dFDCs) derived from about 10 million daily mean streamflows. The L-moments comprise the mean, coefficient of L-variation, and the third through fifth L-moment ratios. The GAMs were fit to the statistics from 941 streamgages and 2,750 streamgage-decades by using watershed properties such as basin area and slope, decadal precipitation and temperature, and decadal values of flood storage and urban development percentages. The GAMs then estimated decadal statistics for 9,220 prediction locations (stream reaches) coincident with outlets of level-12 hydrologic unit codes. Both entire dataset (whole model) and leave-one-watershed-out model results are reported. No-flow fractions are censored data, and Tobit extensions to GAMs were used to model ephemeral streamflow conditions. Conversely, uncensored GAMs were used for estimation of the L-moments. The GAMs are shown, by coverage probabilities, to construct reliable 95-percent prediction limits. An example shows how no-flow fractions and L-moments may be used to approximate dFDCs by using selected probability distributions (mathematical formulas) including the asymmetric exponential power, generalized normal, and kappa distributions.
Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, TN 37211
Frequent observations of surface water at fine spatial scales will provide critical data to support the management of aquatic habitat, flood risk and water quality. Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellites can provide such observations, but algorithms are still needed that perform well across diverse climate and vegetation conditions. We developed surface inundation algorithms for Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2, respectively, at 12 sites across the conterminous United States (CONUS), covering a total of >536,000 km2 and representing diverse hydrologic and vegetation landscapes. Each scene in the 5-year (2017–2021) time series was classified into open water, vegetated water, and non-water at 20 m resolution using variables from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2, as well as variables derived from topographic and weather datasets. The Sentinel-1 algorithm was developed distinct from the Sentinel-2 model to explore if and where the two time series could potentially be integrated into a single high-frequency time series. Within each model, open water and vegetated water (vegetated palustrine, lacustrine, and riverine wetlands) classes were mapped. The models were validated using imagery from WorldView and PlanetScope. Classification accuracy for open water was high across the 5-year period, with an omission and commission error of only 3.1% and 0.9% for the Sentinel-1 algorithm and 3.1% and 0.5% for the Sentinel-2 algorithm, respectively. Vegetated water accuracy was lower, as expected given that the class represents mixed pixels. The Sentinel-2 algorithm showed higher accuracy (10.7% omission and 7.9% commission error) relative to the Sentinel-1 algorithm (28.4% omission and 16.0% commission error). Patterns over time in the proportion of area mapped as open or vegetated water by the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 algorithms were charted and correlated for a subset of all 12 sites. Our results showed that the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 algorithm open water time series can be integrated at all 12 sites to improve the temporal resolution, but sensor-specific differences, such as sensitivity to vegetation structure versus pixel color, complicate the data integration for mixed-pixel, vegetated water. The methods developed here provide inundation at 5-day (Sentinel-2 algorithm) and 12-day (Sentinel-1 algorithm) time steps to improve our understanding of the short- and long-term response of surface water to climate and land use drivers in different ecoregions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2023.113498","usgsCitation":"Vanderhoof, M.K., Alexander, L., Christensen, J.R., Solvik, K., Nieuwlandt, P.J., and Prentiss, M.A., 2023, High-frequency time series comparison of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 for open and vegetated water across the United States (2017-2021): Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 288, 113498, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113498.","productDescription":"113498, 28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142670","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":444461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113498","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RSXQ2U","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 based frequency of open and vegetated water across 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R.","contributorId":238115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Jay","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solvik, Kylen 0000-0001-6537-1791","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6537-1791","contributorId":303316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solvik","given":"Kylen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nieuwlandt, Peter Joseph 0000-0002-8245-2873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8245-2873","contributorId":303317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nieuwlandt","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Prentiss, Mallory Annelle 0000-0002-0010-0744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0010-0744","contributorId":303318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentiss","given":"Mallory","email":"","middleInitial":"Annelle","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70246795,"text":"70246795 - 2023 - Fire modifies plant–soil feedbacks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-19T11:49:57.43808","indexId":"70246795","displayToPublicDate":"2023-02-15T06:48:20","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire modifies plant–soil feedbacks","docAbstract":"Although plant–soil feedbacks (interactions between plants and soils, often mediated by soil microbes, abbreviated as PSFs) are widely known to influence patterns of plant diversity at local and landscape scales, these interactions are rarely examined in the context of important environmental factors. Resolving the roles of environmental factors is important because the environmental context may alter PSF patterns by modifying the strength or even direction of PSFs for certain species. One important environmental factor that is increasing in scale and frequency with climate change is fire, though the influence of fire on PSFs remains essentially unexamined. By changing microbial community composition, fire may alter the microbes available to colonize the roots of plants and thus seedling growth post-fire. This has potential to change the strength and/or direction of PSFs, depending on how such changes in microbial community composition occur and the plant species with which the microbes interact. We examined how a recent fire altered PSFs of two leguminous, nitrogen-fixing tree species in Hawaiʻi. For both species, growing in conspecific soil resulted in higher plant performance (as measured by biomass production) than growing in heterospecific soil. This pattern was mediated by nodule formation, an important process for growth for legume species. Fire weakened PSFs for these species and therefore pairwise PSFs, which were significant in unburned soils, but were nonsignificant in burned soils. Theory suggests that positive PSFs such as those found in unburned sites would reinforce the dominance of species where they are locally dominant. The change in pairwise PSFs with burn status shows PSF-mediated dominance might diminish after fire. Our results demonstrate that fire can modify PSFs by weakening the legume-rhizobia symbiosis, which may alter local competitive dynamics between two canopy dominant tree species. These findings illustrate the importance of considering environmental context when evaluating the role of PSFs for plants.
Drivers of phytoplankton and zooplankton dynamics vary spatially and temporally in estuaries due to variation in hydrodynamic exchange and residence time, complicating efforts to understand controls on food web productivity. We conducted approximately monthly (2012–2019; n = 74) longitudinal sampling at 10 fixed stations along a freshwater tidal terminal channel in the San Francisco Estuary, California, characterized by seaward to landward gradients in water residence time, turbidity, nutrient concentrations, and plankton community composition. We used multivariate autoregressive state space (MARSS) models to quantify environmental (abiotic) and biotic controls on phytoplankton and mesozooplankton biomass. The importance of specific abiotic drivers (e.g., water temperature, turbidity, nutrients) and trophic interactions differed significantly among hydrodynamic exchange zones with different mean residence times. Abiotic drivers explained more variation in phytoplankton and zooplankton dynamics than a model including only trophic interactions, but individual phytoplankton–zooplankton interactions explained more variation than individual abiotic drivers. Interactions between zooplankton and phytoplankton were strongest in landward reaches with the longest residence times and the highest zooplankton biomass. Interactions between cryptophytes and both copepods and cladocerans were stronger than interactions between bacillariophytes (diatoms) and zooplankton taxa, despite contributing less biovolume in all but the most landward reaches. Our results demonstrate that trophic interactions and their relative strengths vary in a hydrodynamic context, contributing to food web heterogeneity within estuaries at spatial scales smaller than the freshwater to marine transition.
This study evaluates the laser in situ scattering and transmissometry (LISST) instrument LISST-SL2, a laser diffraction instrument for suspended sediment sampling in rivers, with concurrent physical measurements of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and particle size distribution (PSD) as well as velocity measurements by an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). We collected 136 LISST-SL2 samples along with 61 physical samples for SSC measurement, of which 24 physical samples included PSD measurement during 2018–2020 from 11 sites in Washington state and Virginia. An effective density is required to convert the measured volumetric SSC by the LISST-SL2 into a reported mass SSC, and by default the LISST-SL2 assumes a value of 2.65 g/mL. From our data set, we computed effective densities (mass SSC/volumetric SSC) that ranged from 0.5 to 5.4 g/mL, with a best-fit value of 2.05 g/mL. Additionally, the LISST-SL2 was not able to measure the finest sediment sizes in suspension, which affects the resulting PSD. Therefore, we propose some adjustments of the LISST-SL2 data with a supporting physical sample to account for these effective density and PSD issues. When doing so, we were able to reduce the root-mean square relative error (RMSRE) to 18% from 117% for SSC, and to 26% from 78% for PSD. LISST-SL2 velocities were generally higher than ADCP velocities with a 21% RMSRE. Our results and guidance will allow for more accurate sampling by the LISST-SL2, which has potential for studying spatial and temporal variation of suspended sediment characteristics in rivers.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides reliable science, data, information, and models (hereafter collectively referred to as “information”) to describe and understand the Earth. This information is used to minimize loss of life and property from natural disasters; manage water, biological, energy, and mineral resources; and enhance and protect quality of life. USGS science informs public and private decisions, operations, and risk management in all major United States economic sectors, as defined by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and provides critical information for natural resource and natural hazard management and stewardship decisions. Understanding the value of scientific information supports applications of USGS science in land- and water-management decisions, and better informs the public about the return on investment of USGS programs. USGS economists, social scientists, and physical scientists are engaged in collaborative efforts to advance methods to estimate the value of information (VOI) produced by the USGS. These efforts involve collaborating with an international community to develop and refine estimation methods, establish best practices to determine VOI, develop a study repository, and conduct projects to assess the VOI of specific information products and their application. This report focuses on economic valuation conducted by USGS specifically, although the methodology has much broader applicability within the U.S. government, academia, and beyond. Noneconomic valuation techniques for assessing the VOI also exist but are not addressed in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231011","usgsCitation":"Pindilli, E., Chiavacci, S., and Straub, C., 2023, The value of scientific information—An overview: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1011, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231011.","productDescription":"iii, 5 p.","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-146764","costCenters":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":412985,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20231011/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2023-1011"},{"id":412987,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1011/ofr20231011.XML"},{"id":412950,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1011/ofr20231011.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.73 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2023-1011"},{"id":412949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1011/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":412986,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1011/images/"}],"contact":"Science and Decisions Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Lacustrine carbonates in a 12.4-m-long core from Lower Pahranagat Lake (LPAH), southern Nevada, indicate that radiogenic isotopes of Sr and U (87Sr/86Sr and 234U/238U) preserve evidence of past variations in water sources and evolving hydrologic conditions. Sr and U isotope compositions in LPAH carbonates fall within the range defined by the three primary groundwater sources in Pahranagat Valley and reflect variable mixtures of those sources since the mid-Holocene. Compositions in the oldest sample (5.78 ka) closely match modern compositions of modern discharge from nearby springs, indicating that LPAH water was derived almost exclusively from the local volcanic aquifer. By ca. 5.3–5.2 ka, LPAH water compositions shifted sharply towards isotopic compositions observed in groundwater from the regional carbonate aquifer, indicating a marked increase in surface flow from high-volume springs discharging from the carbonate aquifer to the north. Sediments deposited between 3.08–1.06 ka indicate reduced contributions from the regional aquifer. A comparison of uranium- and oxygen-isotope values in LPAH carbonates suggests that wetter climate conditions favor increased supply from deeper, regional carbonate aquifers compared to drier conditions when contributions from shallower, local volcanic aquifers were more important.
Loss and degradation of sagebrush rangelands due to an accelerated invasive annual grass-wildfire cycle and other stressors are significant management, conservation, and economic issues in the western United States. These sagebrush rangelands comprise a unique biome spanning 11 states, support over 350 wildlife species, and provide important ecosystem services that include stabilizing the economies of western communities. Impacts to sagebrush ecosystem processes over large areas due to the annual grass-wildfire cycle necessitated the development of a coordinated, science-based strategy for improving efforts to achieve long-term protection, conservation, and restoration of sagebrush rangelands, which was framed in 2015 under the Integrated Rangeland Fire Management Strategy (IRFMS). Central to this effort was the development of an Actionable Science Plan (Plan) that identified 37 priority science needs (Needs) for informing the actions proposed under the 5 topics (Fire, Invasives, Restoration, Sagebrush and Sage-Grouse, Climate and Weather) that were part of the collective focus of the IRFMS. Notable keys to this effort were identification of the Needs co-produced by managers and researchers, and a focus on resulting science being “actionable.”
Substantial investments aimed at fulfilling the Needs identified in the Plan have been made since its release in 2016. While the state of the science has advanced considerably, the extent to which knowledge gaps remain relative to identified Needs is relatively unknown. Moreover, new Needs have likely emerged since the original strategy as results from actionable science reveal new questions and possible (yet untested) solutions. A quantifiable assessment of the progress made on the original science Needs can identify unresolved gaps and new information that can help inform prioritization of future research efforts.
This report details a systematic literature review that evaluated how well peer-reviewed journal articles and formal technical reports published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, addressed nine needs (hereinafter, “Needs”) identified under the Sagebrush and Sage-Grouse topic in the Plan. The topic outlined research Needs broadly focused on understanding sagebrush rangelands and population dynamics important for the conservation and management of sage-grouse and other sagebrush-reliant wildlife species. We established the level of progress towards addressing each Need following a standardized set of criteria, and developed summaries detailing how research objectives nested within Needs identified in the Plan (‘Next Steps’) were either addressed well, partially addressed or remain outstanding (in other words, addressed poorly) in the literature through 2020. Our searches resulted in the inclusion of 333 science products that at least partially addressed a Need identified in the Sagebrush and Sage-Grouse topic. The Needs that were well and partially addressed included:
Needs addressed poorly included:
The information provided in this assessment will assist updating the Plan along with other science strategies.
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2150 Centre Avenue, Bldg C
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Loss and degradation of sagebrush rangelands due to an accelerated invasive annual grass-wildfire cycle and other stressors are significant management, conservation, and economic issues in the western United States. These sagebrush rangelands comprise a unique biome spanning 11 states, support over 350 wildlife species, and provide important ecosystem services that include stabilizing the economies of western communities. Impacts to sagebrush ecosystem processes over large areas due to the annual grass-wildfire cycle necessitated the development of a coordinated, science-based strategy for improving efforts to achieve long-term protection, conservation, and restoration of sagebrush rangelands, which was framed in 2015 under the Integrated Rangeland Fire Management Strategy (IRFMS). Central to this effort was the development of an Actionable Science Plan (Plan) that identified 37 priority science needs (Needs) for informing the actions proposed under the 5 topics (Fire, Invasives, Restoration, Sagebrush and Sage-Grouse, Climate and Weather) that were part of the collective focus of the IRFMS. Notable keys to this effort were identification of the Needs co-produced by managers and researchers, and a focus on resulting science being “actionable.”
Substantial investments aimed at fulfilling the Needs identified in the Plan have been made since its release in 2016. While the state of the science has advanced considerably, the extent to which knowledge gaps remain relative to identified Needs is relatively unknown. Moreover, new Needs have likely emerged since the original strategy as results from actionable science reveal new questions and possible (yet untested) solutions. A quantifiable assessment of the progress made on the original science Needs can identify unresolved gaps and new information that can help inform prioritization of future research efforts.
This report details a systematic literature review that evaluated how well peer-reviewed journal articles and formal technical reports published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, addressed eight needs (hereinafter known as “Needs”) identified under the Fire topic in the Plan, defined as any non-structure fire that occurs in vegetation or natural fuels, including wildfires and prescribed fires. The topic outlined research Needs broadly focused on understanding the mechanisms and management of threats posed to the maintenance of large, contiguous sagebrush rangelands by fire. We established the level of progress towards addressing each Need following a standardized set of criteria, and developed summaries detailing how research objectives nested within Needs identified in the Plan (‘Next Steps’) were either addressed well, partially addressed or remain outstanding (in other words., addressed poorly) in the literature through 2020. Our searches resulted in the inclusion of 156 science products that at least partially addressed a Need identified in the Fire topic. The Needs that were well and partially addressed included:
Needs addressed poorly included:
The information provided in this assessment will assist updating the Plan along with other science strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231009","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Holloran, M.J., Anthony, C.R., Ricca, M.A., Hanser, S.E., Phillips, S.L., Steblein, P.F., and Wiechman, L.A., 2023, Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment—Fire topic, 2015–20: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1009, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231009.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-141295","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418552,"rank":8,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231035","text":"OFR 2023-1035 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment— Climate and weather topic, 2015–20"},{"id":413027,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231010","text":"OFR 2023-1010 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment—Sagebrush and sage-grouse topic, 2015–20"},{"id":413026,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231004","text":"OFR 2023-1004 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment—Restoration topic, 2015–20"},{"id":413025,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231003","text":"OFR 2023-1003 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment—Invasives topic, 2015–20"},{"id":413017,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1009/ofr20231009.XML"},{"id":413016,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1009/images"},{"id":413014,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1009/ofr20231009.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2023-1009"},{"id":413013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1009/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":418557,"rank":9,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231035","text":"OFR 2023-1035 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment— Climate and weather topic, 2015–20"},{"id":499734,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114345.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.82114253002419,\n 48.983205061126796\n ],\n [\n -122.41445472125756,\n 48.983205061126796\n ],\n [\n -122.41445472125756,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -102.82114253002419,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -102.82114253002419,\n 48.983205061126796\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Fort Collins Science Center
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Loss and degradation of sagebrush rangelands due to an accelerated invasive annual grass-wildfire cycle and other stressors are substantial management, conservation, and economic issues in the western United States. These sagebrush rangelands comprise a unique biome spanning 11 states, support over 350 wildlife species, and provide important ecosystem services that include stabilizing the economies of western communities. Impacts to sagebrush ecosystem processes over large areas due to the annual grass-wildfire cycle necessitated the development of a coordinated, science-based strategy for improving efforts to achieve long-term protection, conservation, and restoration of sagebrush rangelands, which was framed in 2015 under the Integrated Rangeland Fire Management Strategy (IRFMS). Central to this effort was the development of an Actionable Science Plan (Plan) that identified 37 priority science needs (Needs) for informing the actions proposed under the 5 topics (Fire, Invasives, Restoration, Sagebrush and Sage-Grouse, Climate and Weather) that were part of the collective focus of the IRFMS. Notable keys to this effort were identification of the Needs co-produced by managers and researchers, and a focus on resulting science being “actionable.”
Substantial investments aimed at fulfilling the Needs identified in the Plan have been made since its release in 2016. While the state of the science has advanced considerably, the extent to which knowledge gaps remain relative to identified Needs is relatively unknown. Moreover, new Needs have likely emerged since the original strategy as results from actionable science reveal new questions, and possible (yet untested) solutions. A quantifiable assessment of the progress made on the original science Needs can identify unresolved gaps and new information that can help inform prioritization of future research efforts.
This report details a systematic literature review that evaluated how well peer-reviewed journal articles and formal technical reports published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, addressed 10 needs (hereinafter “Needs”) identified under the Restoration topic in the Plan. The topic outlined research Needs for improving restoration success in degraded sagebrush rangelands. We established the level of progress towards addressing each Need following a standardized set of criteria, and developed summaries detailing how research objectives nested within Needs identified in the Plan (“Next Steps”) were either addressed well, partially addressed or remain outstanding (that is, addressed poorly) in the literature through 2020. Our searches resulted in the inclusion of 371 science products that at least partially addressed a Need identified in the Restoration topic. The Needs that were well and partially addressed included:
Needs that were not addressed well included:
The information provided in this assessment will assist updating the Plan along with other science strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231004","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Anthony, C.R., Holloran, M.J., Ricca, M.A., Hanser, S.E., Phillips, S.L., Steblein, P.F., and Wiechman, L.A., 2023, Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment—Restoration topic, 2015–20: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1004, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231004.","productDescription":"iv, 44 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-141195","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":413023,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231010","text":"OFR 2023-1010 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment—Sagebrush and sage-grouse topic, 2015–20"},{"id":413022,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231009","text":"OFR 2023-1009 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment—Fire topic, 2015–20"},{"id":412634,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1004/images"},{"id":412632,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1004/ofr20231004.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2023-1004"},{"id":412635,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1004/ofr20231004.XML"},{"id":412826,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231003","text":"OFR 2023-1003 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment—Invasives topic, 2015–20"},{"id":412631,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1004/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":499731,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114344.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":418551,"rank":8,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231035","text":"OFR 2023-1035 —","description":"Related work","linkHelpText":"Integrated rangeland fire management strategy actionable science plan completion assessment— Climate and weather topic, 2015–20"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.82114253002419,\n 48.983205061126796\n ],\n [\n -122.41445472125756,\n 48.983205061126796\n ],\n [\n -122.41445472125756,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -102.82114253002419,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -102.82114253002419,\n 48.983205061126796\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
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Loss and degradation of sagebrush rangelands due to an accelerated invasive annual grass-wildfire cycle and other stressors are significant management, conservation, and economic issues in the western United States. These sagebrush rangelands comprise a unique biome spanning 11 states, support over 350 wildlife species, and provide important ecosystem services that include stabilizing the economies of western communities. Impacts to sagebrush ecosystem processes over large areas due to the annual grass-wildfire cycle necessitated the development of a coordinated, science-based strategy for improving efforts to achieve long-term protection, conservation, and restoration of sagebrush rangelands, which was framed in 2015 under the Integrated Rangeland Fire Management Strategy (IRFMS). Central to this effort was the development of an Actionable Science Plan (Plan) that identified 37 priority science needs (Needs) for informing the actions proposed under the 5 topics (Fire, Invasives, Restoration, Sagebrush and Sage-Grouse, Climate and Weather) that were part of the collective focus of the IRFMS. Notable keys to this effort were identification of the Needs co-produced by managers and researchers, and a focus on resulting science being “actionable.”
Substantial investments aimed at fulfilling the Needs identified in the Plan have been made since its release in 2016. While the state of the science has advanced considerably, the extent to which knowledge gaps remain relative to identified Needs is relatively unknown. Moreover, new Needs have likely emerged since the original strategy as results from actionable science reveal new questions and possible (yet untested) solutions. A quantifiable assessment of the progress made on the original science Needs can identify unresolved gaps and new information that can help inform prioritization of future research efforts.
This report details a systematic literature review that evaluated how well peer-reviewed journal articles and formal technical reports published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, addressed six needs (hereinafter “Needs”) identified under the Invasives topic in the Plan. The topic outlined research Needs related to the control of invasive plant species in sagebrush rangelands, with a special emphasis on invasive annual grasses. We established the level of progress towards addressing each Need following a standardized set of criteria, and developed summaries detailing how research objectives nested within Needs identified in the Plan (“Next Steps”) were either addressed well, partially addressed, or remain outstanding (that is, addressed poorly) in the literature through 2020. Our searches resulted in the inclusion of 198 science products that at least partially addressed a Need identified in the Invasives topic. The Needs that were well and partially addressed included:
Needs that were addressed poorly included (1) investigations of livestock grazing as a tool for managing invasive plants and (2) investigations of cheatgrass die-offs and identification and subsequent study of potential biocontrol agents associated with those die-offs. The information provided in this assessment will assist updating the Plan along with other science strategies.
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One of the most important considerations for acoustic telemetry study designs is detection probability between the transmitter and the receiver. Variation in environmental (i.e., wind and flow) and abiotic (i.e., bathymetry) conditions among aquatic systems can lead to differences in detection probability temporally or between systems. In this study we evaluate the effect of distance, receiver mount design, transmitter depth, and wind speed on detection probabilities of two models of acoustic transmitters in a mid-sized river. InnovaSea V16-6H (hereafter V16) and V13-1L (hereafter V13) tags were deployed in the James River, SD at 0.36 m (deep) and 2.29 m (V16 tag) or 1.98 m (V13 tag; shallow) above the benthic surface downstream of InnovaSea VR2W stationary receivers at distances of 100, 200, or 300 m. We used two receiver mount designs that included a fixed position within a PVC pipe on the downstream side of a bridge piling or a metal frame deployed in the middle of the river channel. Tags were deployed for 72 h at each location, and hourly detections were summarized. We evaluated downstream distance, receiver mount design, tag depth, and wind effects on tag detection using Bayesian logistic regression.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s40317-022-00313-y","usgsCitation":"Carlson, T.L., LaBrie, L.A., Wesner, J., Chipps, S.R., Coulter, A., and Schall, B.J., 2023, Receiver mount design, transmitter depth, and wind speed affect detection probability of acoustic telemetry transmitters in a Missouri River tributary: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 11, no. 6, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-022-00313-y.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147364","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":444481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-022-00313-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"James River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.3152938410847,\n 42.884709549840466\n ],\n [\n -97.3152938410847,\n 42.85752575088864\n ],\n [\n -97.2356156303545,\n 42.85752575088864\n ],\n [\n -97.2356156303545,\n 42.884709549840466\n ],\n [\n -97.3152938410847,\n 42.884709549840466\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Tanner L.","contributorId":342338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Tanner","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16684,"text":"University of South Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaBrie, Lindsey A. P.","contributorId":342339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaBrie","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"A. P.","affiliations":[{"id":16684,"text":"University of South Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wesner, Jeff S.","contributorId":342343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wesner","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[{"id":16684,"text":"University of South Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coulter, Alison A.","contributorId":342346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coulter","given":"Alison A.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schall, Benjamin J.","contributorId":342349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schall","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":81859,"text":"South Dakota Department of Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70254890,"text":"70254890 - 2023 - Gut microbiome composition associates with corticosteroid treatment, morbidity, and senescence in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-10T18:19:00.860165","indexId":"70254890","displayToPublicDate":"2023-02-13T13:14:04","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Gut microbiome composition associates with corticosteroid treatment, morbidity, and senescence in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)","title":"Gut microbiome composition associates with corticosteroid treatment, morbidity, and senescence in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)","docAbstract":"Pacific salmon experience prolonged elevation in corticosteroid hormones during important life history events including migration, reproduction, and senescence. These periods of elevated corticosteroids correspond with changes to immunity and energy metabolism; therefore, fish may be particularly vulnerable to mortality at these times. Recent studies found that stress-induced cortisol release associated with microbial community shifts in salmonids, raising the question of how longer-term corticosteroid dynamics that accompany life history transitions affect salmonid microbiomes. In this work, we experimentally evaluated the relationships between gut microbiome composition, chronically elevated corticosteroids, and mortality in juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). We found that treatment with slow-release implants of the corticosteroids cortisol or dexamethasone resulted in persistent changes to the gut microbiome. Morbidity was also associated with microbiome composition, suggesting that the gut microbiome reflects individual differences in susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens. Additionally, we analyzed a small number of samples from adult fish at various stages of senescence. Results from these samples suggest that microbiome composition associated with gut integrity, and that the microbial communities of corticosteroid treated juveniles shift in composition toward those of senescent adults. Overall, findings from this work suggest that the gut microbiome associates with mortality risk during periods of chronic corticosteroid elevation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-023-29663-0","usgsCitation":"Couch, C., Neal, W.T., Herron, C.L., Kent, M., Schreck , C., and Peterson, J., 2023, Gut microbiome composition associates with corticosteroid treatment, morbidity, and senescence in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): Scientific Reports, v. 13, 2567, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-29663-0.","productDescription":"2567, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-148931","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":444484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-29663-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Couch, Claire E.","contributorId":337928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Couch","given":"Claire E.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, William T.","contributorId":288713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neal","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herron, Crystal L.","contributorId":337929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herron","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kent, Michael L.","contributorId":288715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kent","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schreck , Carl B.","contributorId":181514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schreck ","given":"Carl B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70250963,"text":"70250963 - 2023 - Atmospheric radiocarbon for the period 1910 to 2021 recorded by annual plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-17T13:18:21.737873","indexId":"70250963","displayToPublicDate":"2023-02-13T07:16:06","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3225,"text":"Radiocarbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric radiocarbon for the period 1910 to 2021 recorded by annual plants","docAbstract":"We present a timeseries of 14CO2 for the period 1910–2021 recorded by annual plants collected in the southwestern United States, centered near Flagstaff, Arizona. This timeseries is dominated by five commonly occurring annual plant species in the region, which is considered broadly representative of the southern Colorado Plateau. Most samples (1910–2015) were previously archived herbarium specimens, with additional samples harvested from field experiments in 2015–2021. We used this novel timeseries to develop a smoothed local record with uncertainties for “bomb spike” 14C dating of recent terrestrial organic matter. Our results highlight the potential importance of local records, as we document a delayed arrival of the 1963–1964 bomb spike peak, lower values in the 1980s, and elevated values in the last decade in comparison to the most current Northern Hemisphere Zone 2 record. It is impossible to retroactively collect atmospheric samples, but archived annual plants serve as faithful scribes: samples from herbaria around the Earth may be an under-utilized resource to improve understanding of the modern carbon cycle.