{"pageNumber":"2872","pageRowStart":"71775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70025294,"text":"70025294 - 2003 - Effect of isolated fractures on accelerated flow in unsaturated porous rock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T10:11:08","indexId":"70025294","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of isolated fractures on accelerated flow in unsaturated porous rock","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fractures that begin and end in the unsaturated zone, or isolated fractures, have been ignored in previous studies because they were generally assumed to behave as capillary barriers and remain nonconductive. We conducted a series of experiments using Berea sandstone samples to examine the physical mechanisms controlling flow in a rock containing a single isolated fracture. The input fluxes and fracture orientation were varied in these experiments. Visualization experiments using dyed water in a thin vertical slab of rock were conducted to identify flow mechanisms occurring due to the presence of the isolated fracture. Two mechanisms occurred: (1) localized flow through the rock matrix in the vicinity of the isolated fracture and (2) pooling of water at the bottom of the fracture, indicating the occurrence of film flow along the isolated fracture wall. These mechanisms were observed at fracture angles of 20 and 60 degrees from the horizontal, but not at 90 degrees. Pooling along the bottom of the fracture was observed over a wider range of input fluxes for low‐angled isolated fractures compared to high‐angled ones. Measurements of matrix water pressures in the samples with the 20 and 60 degree fractures also demonstrated that preferential flow occurred through the matrix in the fracture vicinity, where higher pressures occurred in the regions where faster flow was observed in the visualization experiments. The pooling length at the terminus of a 20 degree isolated fracture was measured as a function of input flux. Calculations of the film flow rate along the fracture were made using these measurements and indicated that up to 22% of the flow occurred as film flow. These experiments, apparently the first to consider isolated fractures, demonstrate that such features can accelerate flow through the unsaturated zone and should be considered when developing conceptual models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002WR001691","usgsCitation":"Su, G.W., Nimmo, J.R., and Dragila, M.I., 2003, Effect of isolated fractures on accelerated flow in unsaturated porous rock: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 12, p. 1-1-1-5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001691.","productDescription":"Article 1326; 5 p.","startPage":"1-1","endPage":"1-5","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2002wr001691","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05f0e4b0c8380cd51033","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Su, Grace W.","contributorId":145734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Su","given":"Grace","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dragila, Maria I.","contributorId":8657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dragila","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025132,"text":"70025132 - 2003 - The Mendocino crustal conveyor: Making and breaking the California crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-06T21:12:50.243944","indexId":"70025132","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Mendocino crustal conveyor: Making and breaking the California crust","docAbstract":"<p><span>The northward migration of the Mendocino triple junction has resulted in a fundamental modification of the crust of coastal California. As a consequence of viscous coupling between the southern edge of the Gorda slab and the base of the North American crust beneath the Coast Ranges of central and northern California, the crust of coastal California was first thickened and then thinned. This viscous coupling and ephemeral crustal thickening has produced a distinctive pattern of uplift that allows us to map the three-dimensional extent of crustal modification. This pattern of crustal deformation has combined with the strain field of the developing San Andreas fault system to produce the observed pattern of near-surface deformation. The rapid rise in heat flow south of the triple junction observed in the northern Coast Ranges is a direct consequence of development and removal of the crustal welt that migrated with the triple junction.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.2747/0020-6814.45.9.767","issn":"00206814","usgsCitation":"Furlong, K., Lock, J., Guzofski, C., Whitlock, J., and Benz, H., 2003, The Mendocino crustal conveyor: Making and breaking the California crust: International Geology Review, v. 45, no. 9, p. 767-779, https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.45.9.767.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"779","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387743,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mendocino Triple Junction","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.5078125,\n              39.26628442213066\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.11279296875001,\n              39.26628442213066\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.11279296875001,\n              41.52502957323801\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.5078125,\n              41.52502957323801\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.5078125,\n              39.26628442213066\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba7e0e4b08c986b321868","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Furlong, K.P.","contributorId":35490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lock, J.","contributorId":40784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lock","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guzofski, C.","contributorId":18950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guzofski","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitlock, J.","contributorId":36732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlock","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Benz, H.","contributorId":61953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70024872,"text":"70024872 - 2003 - Data specifications for the Landsat Data Continuity Mission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-06T16:47:25.778607","indexId":"70024872","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Data specifications for the Landsat Data Continuity Mission","docAbstract":"<p><span>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans to procure data from a privately-owned and commercially-operated remote sensing system for the next Landsat Mission, the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM).Data requirements are documented in an LDCM Data Specification. The specifications require delivery of data covering 250 Landsat scenes on a daily basis. The data are to be acquired in a manner that affords seasonal coverage of the global land mass. Data are required for the heritage reflective Thematic Mapper (TM) spectral bands plus two new bands, a blue band for coastal zone observations and a short wave infrared band for cirrus cloud detection. The specifications do not require thermal data, representing a departure from the TM heritage. The specification also requires data providing a 30 m ground sample distance for each of the spectral bands with the exception of the new cirrus cloud band at 120 m. An absolute uncertainty of 5 percent or less is required for radiometrically corrected LDCM data and the commercial operator is required to deliver data that can be registered to a cartographic projection with an uncertainty of 65 m or less. Procuring data from a commercial operator represents a new approach for the 30-year old Landsat program. The LDCM Data Specification ensures that the procured data provides continuity of the Landsat data stream and advances the mission.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2003 IGARSS: Learning From Earth's Shapes and Colours","conferenceDate":"Jul 21-25, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Toulouse, France","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2003.1294100","usgsCitation":"Irons, J.R., Speciale, N., Douglas, M.J., Masek, J.G., Markham, B.L., Storey, J.C., Lencioni, D.E., and Ryan, R.E., 2003, Data specifications for the Landsat Data Continuity Mission, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), v. 2, Toulouse, France, Jul 21-25, 2003, p. 1335-1337, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2003.1294100.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1335","endPage":"1337","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd68e4b0c8380cd4e804","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irons, J. R.","contributorId":67694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Speciale, N.J.","contributorId":64848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speciale","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, McCuistion J.","contributorId":80041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"McCuistion","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masek, J. G.","contributorId":105883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masek","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Markham, B. L.","contributorId":88872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markham","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Storey, James C. 0000-0002-6664-7232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7232","contributorId":35505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lencioni, D. E.","contributorId":82893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lencioni","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ryan, R. E.","contributorId":98082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70025298,"text":"70025298 - 2003 - Determination of layer-charge characteristics of smectites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-27T18:34:11","indexId":"70025298","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of layer-charge characteristics of smectites","docAbstract":"<p>A new method for calculation of layer charge and charge distribution of smectites is proposed. The method is based on comparisons between X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of K-saturated, ethylene glycol-solvated, oriented samples and calculated XRD patterns for three-component, mixed-layer systems. For the calculated patterns it is assumed that the measured patterns can be modeled as random interstratifications of fully expanding 17.1 Å layers, partially expanding 13.5 Å layers and non-expanding 9.98 Å layers. The technique was tested using 29 well characterized smectites. According to their XRD patterns, smectites were classified as group 1 (low-charge smectites) and group 2 (high-charge smectites). The boundary between the two groups is at a layer charge of −0.46 equivalents per half unit-cell. Low-charge smectites are dominated by 17.1 Å layers, whereas high-charge smectites contain only 20% fully expandable layers on average. Smectite properties and industrial applications may be dictated by the proportion of 17.1 Å layers present. Non-expanding layers may control the behavior of smectites during weathering, facilitating the formation of illite layers after subsequent cycles of wetting and drying. The precision of the method is better than 3.5% at a layer charge of −0.50; therefore the method should be useful for basic research and for industrial purposes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.2003.0510607","usgsCitation":"Christidis, G., and Eberl, D.D., 2003, Determination of layer-charge characteristics of smectites: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 51, no. 6, p. 644-655, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2003.0510607.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"644","endPage":"655","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffb0e4b0c8380cd4f329","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christidis, G.E.","contributorId":48366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christidis","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025299,"text":"70025299 - 2003 - Toxicity of <i>o,p′</i>-DDE to medaka d-rR strain after a one-time embryonic exposure by in ovo nanoinjection: An early through juvenile life cycle assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-02T12:41:13","indexId":"70025299","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of <i>o,p′</i>-DDE to medaka d-rR strain after a one-time embryonic exposure by in ovo nanoinjection: An early through juvenile life cycle assessment","docAbstract":"<p>The toxicity of <i>o,p′</i>-DDE (1,1-dichloro-2-(<i>p</i>-chlorophenyl)-2-(<i>o</i>-chlorophenyl) ethylene) was evaluated in embryos of medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>) following a one time exposure via nanoinjection. Medaka eggs (early gastrula) were injected with 0.5 nl of triolein (vehicle control) or 0.5 nl of 4 graded doses (0.0005-0.5 ng/egg) of <i>o,p′</i><span>-DDE</span> in triolein. Embryos were allowed to develop, and fry were reared. Embryonic survival was monitored daily during the first 10 d until hatching and thereafter, on a weekly basis until day 59, at which time the fish were monitored for sexual maturity until day 107. In general, <i>o,p′</i><span>-DDE</span> caused a dose- and time-dependent mortality. No changes in mortality were observed between the last two time points (day 38 and 59, respectively), and hence a 59 day-LD50 of 346 ng <i>o,p′</i><span>-DDE</span>/egg was derived from the linear dose-response relationship. Prior to late stage death, only isolated cases of cardiovascular lesions and spinal deformities were observed, but were not dose-dependent. The lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL), based on upper 95% CI for regression line=0.0018 mg/kg, and the LOAEL based on exposure doses=0.5 mg/kg. Likewise, the no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) based on linear extrapolation to 100% survival=0.0000388 mg/kg, while the NOAEL based on exposure doses=0.05 mg/kg. The nanoinjection medaka model has potential in the study of hormonally active compounds in the environment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00583-6","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Villalobos, S.A., Papoulias, D.M., Pastva, S.D., Blankenship, A.L., Meadows, J.C., Tillitt, D.E., and Giesy, J.P., 2003, Toxicity of <i>o,p′</i>-DDE to medaka d-rR strain after a one-time embryonic exposure by in ovo nanoinjection: An early through juvenile life cycle assessment: Chemosphere, v. 53, no. 8, p. 819-826, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00583-6.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"819","endPage":"826","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209391,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00583-6"}],"volume":"53","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb609e4b08c986b326a12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villalobos, Sergio A.","contributorId":58802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villalobos","given":"Sergio","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papoulias, Diana M. 0000-0002-5106-2469 dpapoulias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5106-2469","contributorId":2726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papoulias","given":"Diana","email":"dpapoulias@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pastva, Stephanie D.","contributorId":103027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pastva","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blankenship, Alan L.","contributorId":51047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankenship","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meadows, John C. jmeadows@usgs.gov","contributorId":3024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meadows","given":"John","email":"jmeadows@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":404671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Giesy, John P.","contributorId":57426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giesy","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70025128,"text":"70025128 - 2003 - Atmospheric microbiology in the northern Caribbean during African dust events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025128","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":667,"text":"Aerobiologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric microbiology in the northern Caribbean during African dust events","docAbstract":"Between July 2000 and August 2001 forty-three air samples were collected in the northern Caribbean: Twenty-six in the US Virgin Islands, and 17 samples aboard ship during two 1-week cruises. Samples were collected during African dust events and non-dust conditions and screened for the presence of culturable bacteria and fungi. A total of 3,652 liters of air were collected during non-dust conditions, with 19 bacteria and 28 fungi being recovered. During dust conditions a total of 2,369 liters of air were screened resulting in the recovery of 171 bacteria and 76 fungi. A statistically significant difference was found between the two data sets. These results support previous African dust research and further demonstrate that dust particles can serve as a vessel for the global dispersion of bacteria and fungi. Dustborne microorganisms may play a significant role in the ecology and health of downwind ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aerobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/B:AERO.0000006530.32845.8d","issn":"03935965","usgsCitation":"Griffin, D., Kellogg, C., Garrison, V., Lisle, J., Borden, T., and Shinn, E., 2003, Atmospheric microbiology in the northern Caribbean during African dust events: Aerobiologia, v. 19, no. 3-4, p. 143-157, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:AERO.0000006530.32845.8d.","startPage":"143","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209454,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:AERO.0000006530.32845.8d"},{"id":235918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eec3e4b0c8380cd49f39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W.","contributorId":23668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":403931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellogg, C.A.","contributorId":13408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garrison, V.H.","contributorId":70731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrison","given":"V.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lisle, J.T. 0000-0002-5447-2092","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":16965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Borden, T.C.","contributorId":77721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borden","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70025300,"text":"70025300 - 2003 - Meteorology and hydrology in Yosemite National Park: A sensor network application","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T08:57:15","indexId":"70025300","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2611,"text":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Meteorology and hydrology in Yosemite National Park: A sensor network application","docAbstract":"Over half of California's water supply comes from high elevations in the snowmelt-dominated Sierra Nevada. Natural climate fluctuations, global warming, and the growing needs of water consumers demand intelligent management of this water resource. This requires a comprehensive monitoring system across and within the Sierra Nevada. Unfortunately, because of severe terrain and limited access, few measurements exist. Thus, meteorological and hydrologic processes are not well understood at high altitudes. However, new sensor and wireless communication technologies are beginning to provide sensor packages designed for low maintenance operation, low power consumption and unobtrusive footprints. A prototype network of meteorological and hydrological sensors has been deployed in Yosemite National Park, traversing elevation zones from 1,200 to 3,700 m. Communication techniques must be tailored to suit each location, resulting in a hybrid network of radio, cell-phone, land-line, and satellite transmissions. Results are showing how, in some years, snowmelt may occur quite uniformly over the Sierra, while in others it varies with elevation. ?? Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03029743","usgsCitation":"Lundquist, J., Cayan, D., and Dettinger, M.D., 2003, Meteorology and hydrology in Yosemite National Park: A sensor network application: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), v. 2634, p. 518-528.","startPage":"518","endPage":"528","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2634","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a551de4b0c8380cd6d123","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lundquist, J.D.","contributorId":93243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundquist","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025305,"text":"70025305 - 2003 - Quantitative morphology of a fringing reef tract from high-resolution laser bathymetry: Southern Molokai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70025305","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative morphology of a fringing reef tract from high-resolution laser bathymetry: Southern Molokai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"High-resolution Scanning Hydrographic Operational Airborne Lidar Survey (SHOALS) laser-determined bathymetric data were used to define the morphology of spur-and-groove structures on the fringing reef off the south coast of Molokai, Hawaii. These data provide a basis for mapping and analyzing morphology of the reef with a level of precision and spatial coverage never before attained. An extensive fringing coral reef stretches along the central two-thirds of Molokai's south shore (???40 km); along the east and west ends there is only a thin veneer of living coral with no developed reef complex. In total, ???4800 measurements of spur-and-groove height and the distance between adjacent spur crests (wavelength) were obtained along four isobaths. Between the 5m and 15m isobaths, the mean spur height increased from 0.7 m to 1.6 m, whereas the mean wavelength increased from 71 m to 104 m. Reef flat width was found to exponentially decrease with increasing wave energy. Overall, mean spur-and-groove height and wavelength were shown to be inversely proportional to wave energy. In high-energy environments, spur-and-groove morphology remains relatively constant across all water depths. In low-energy environments, however, spur-and-groove structures display much greater variation; they are relatively small and narrow in shallow depths and develop into much larger and broader features in deeper water. Therefore, it appears that waves exert a primary control on both the small and large-scale morphology of the reef off south Molokai.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25200.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Logan, J., and Field, M., 2003, Quantitative morphology of a fringing reef tract from high-resolution laser bathymetry: Southern Molokai, Hawaii: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 11, p. 1344-1355, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25200.1.","startPage":"1344","endPage":"1355","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25200.1"},{"id":235851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9228e4b0c8380cd806c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, C. D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":98905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logan, J.B.","contributorId":43150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025127,"text":"70025127 - 2003 - Climate change and Arctic ecosystems: 2. Modeling, paleodata-model comparisons, and future projections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-19T22:49:09.576775","indexId":"70025127","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change and Arctic ecosystems: 2. Modeling, paleodata-model comparisons, and future projections","docAbstract":"<p><span>Large variations in the composition, structure, and function of Arctic ecosystems are determined by climatic gradients, especially of growing-season warmth, soil moisture, and snow cover. A unified circumpolar classification recognizing five types of tundra was developed. The geographic distributions of vegetation types north of 55°N, including the position of the forest limit and the distributions of the tundra types, could be predicted from climatology using a small set of plant functional types embedded in the biogeochemistry-biogeography model BIOME4. Several palaeoclimate simulations for the last glacial maximum (LGM) and mid-Holocene were used to explore the possibility of simulating past vegetation patterns, which are independently known based on pollen data. The broad outlines of observed changes in vegetation were captured. LGM simulations showed the major reduction of forest, the great extension of graminoid and forb tundra, and the restriction of low- and high-shrub tundra (although not all models produced sufficiently dry conditions to mimic the full observed change). Mid-Holocene simulations reproduced the contrast between northward forest extension in western and central Siberia and stability of the forest limit in Beringia. Projection of the effect of a continued exponential increase in atmospheric CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;concentration, based on a transient ocean-atmosphere simulation including sulfate aerosol effects, suggests a potential for larger changes in Arctic ecosystems during the 21st century than have occurred between mid-Holocene and present. Simulated physiological effects of the CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;increase (to &gt;700 ppm) at high latitudes were slight compared with the effects of the change in climate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002jd002559","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Kaplan, J., Bigelow, N., Prentice, I.C., Harrison, S.P., Bartlein, P., Christensen, T., Cramer, W., Matveyeva, N., McGuire, A., Murray, D., Razzhivin, V., Smith, B., Walker, D., Anderson, P.M., Andreev, A., Brubaker, L., Edwards, M.E., and Lozhkin, A., 2003, Climate change and Arctic ecosystems: 2. Modeling, paleodata-model comparisons, and future projections: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 108, no. 19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002559.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002559","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f64be4b0c8380cd4c67e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaplan, J.O.","contributorId":97288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"J.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bigelow, N.H.","contributorId":85352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bigelow","given":"N.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prentice, I. C.","contributorId":63969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"I.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harrison, S. P.","contributorId":78488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bartlein, P. J.","contributorId":54566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartlein","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Christensen, T.R.","contributorId":81440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cramer, W.","contributorId":102231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cramer","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Matveyeva, N.V.","contributorId":108300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matveyeva","given":"N.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Murray, D.F.","contributorId":29184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Razzhivin, V.Y.","contributorId":73798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Razzhivin","given":"V.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Smith, B.","contributorId":53740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Walker, D.A.","contributorId":82484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Anderson, P. M.","contributorId":71722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Andreev, A.A.","contributorId":102229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreev","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Brubaker, L.B.","contributorId":29153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brubaker","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Edwards, M. E.","contributorId":29977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Lozhkin, A.V.","contributorId":62782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lozhkin","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70025126,"text":"70025126 - 2003 - An analytical formulation of two‐dimensional groundwater dispersion induced by surficial recharge variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T12:35:43","indexId":"70025126","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analytical formulation of two‐dimensional groundwater dispersion induced by surficial recharge variability","docAbstract":"<p><span>A predominant cause of dispersion in groundwater is advective mixing due to variability in seepage rates. Hydraulic conductivity variations have been extensively researched as a cause of this seepage variability. In this paper the effect of variations in surface recharge to a shallow surficial aquifer is investigated as an important additional effect. An analytical formulation has been developed that relates aquifer parameters and the statistics of recharge variability to increases in the dispersivity. This is accomplished by solving Fourier transforms of the small perturbation forms of the groundwater flow equations. Two field studies are presented in this paper to determine the statistics of recharge variability for input to the analytical formulation. A time series of water levels at a continuous groundwater recorder is used to investigate the temporal statistics of hydraulic head caused by recharge, and a series of infiltrometer measurements are used to define the spatial variability in the recharge parameters. With these field statistics representing head fluctuations due to recharge, the analytical formulation can be used to compute the dispersivity without an explicit representation of the recharge boundary. Results from a series of numerical experiments are used to define the limits of this analytical formulation and to provide some comparison. A sophisticated model has been developed using a particle‐tracking algorithm (modified to account for temporal variations) to estimate groundwater dispersion. Dispersivity increases of 9 percent are indicated by the analytical formulation for the aquifer at the field site. A comparison with numerical model results indicates that the analytical results are reasonable for shallow surficial aquifers in which two‐dimensional flow can be assumed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002WR001821","usgsCitation":"Swain, E.D., and Chin, D.A., 2003, An analytical formulation of two‐dimensional groundwater dispersion induced by surficial recharge variability: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 9, p. 17-1-17-8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001821.","productDescription":"Article 1271; 8 p.","startPage":"17-1","endPage":"17-8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9f7e4b0c8380cd48567","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swain, Eric D. 0000-0001-7168-708X edswain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":1538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Eric","email":"edswain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chin, David A.","contributorId":76011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chin","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025309,"text":"70025309 - 2003 - The impact of a prominent rain shadow on flooding in California's Santa Cruz Mountains: A CALJET case study and sensitivity to the ENSO cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T11:19:05","indexId":"70025309","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impact of a prominent rain shadow on flooding in California's Santa Cruz Mountains: A CALJET case study and sensitivity to the ENSO cycle","docAbstract":"Data from the California Land-Falling Jets Experiment (CALJET) are used to explore the causes of variations in flood severity in adjacent coastal watersheds within the Santa Cruz Mountains on 2-3 February 1998. While Pescadero Creek (rural) experienced its flood of record, the adjacent San Lorenzo Creek (heavily populated), attained only its fourth-highest flow. This difference resulted from conditions present while the warm sector of the storm, with its associated low-level jet, high moisture content, and weak static stability, was overhead. Rainfall in the warm sector was dominated by orographic forcing. While the wind speed strongly modulated rain rates on windward slopes, the wind direction positioned the edge of a rain shadow cast by the Santa Lucia Mountains partially over the San Lorenzo basin, thus protecting the city of Santa Cruz from a more severe flood. Roughly 26% ?? 9% of the streamflow at flood peak on Pescadero Creek resulted from the warm-sector rainfall. Without this rainfall, the peak flow on Pescadero Creek would likely not have attained record status. These results are complemented by a climatological analysis based on ???50-yr-duration streamflow records for these and two other nearby windward watersheds situated ???20 to 40 km farther to the east, and a comparison of this climatological analysis with composites of NCEP-NCAR reanalysis fields. The westernmost watersheds were found to have their greatest floods during El Nin??o winters, while the easternmost watersheds peaked during non-El Nin??o episodes. These results are consistent with the case study, that showed that the composite 925-mb, meridionally oriented wind direction during El Nin??os favors a rain shadow over the eastern watersheds. During non-El Nin??o periods, the composite, zonally oriented wind direction indicates that the sheltering effect of the rain shadow on the eastern watersheds is reduced, while weaker winds, less water vapor, and stronger stratification reduce the peak runoff in the western watersheds relative to El Nin??o periods. These case study and climatological results illustrate the importance of conditions in the moisture-rich warm sector of landfalling Pacific winter storms. Although many other variables can influence flooding, this study shows that variations of ??10?? in wind direction can modulate the location of orographically enhanced floods. While terrain can increase predictability (e.g., rainfall typically increases with altitude), the predictability is reduced when conditions are near a threshold separating different regimes (e.g., in or out of a rain shadow ).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<1243:TIOAPR>2.0.CO;2","issn":"1525755X","usgsCitation":"Ralph, F., Neiman, P., Kingsmill, D., Persson, P., White, A., Strem, E., Andrews, E., and Antweiler, R.C., 2003, The impact of a prominent rain shadow on flooding in California's Santa Cruz Mountains: A CALJET case study and sensitivity to the ENSO cycle: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 4, no. 6, p. 1243-1264, https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<1243:TIOAPR>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"1243","endPage":"1264","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478504,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<1243:tioapr>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209459,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<1243:TIOAPR>2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"4","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacdde4b08c986b3237c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ralph, F.M.","contributorId":39174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neiman, P.J.","contributorId":14991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neiman","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kingsmill, D.E.","contributorId":27658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingsmill","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Persson, P.O.G.","contributorId":58825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Persson","given":"P.O.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, A.B.","contributorId":45878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Strem, E.T.","contributorId":28420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strem","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Andrews, E.D.","contributorId":13922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70025310,"text":"70025310 - 2003 - Supporting users through integrated retrieval, processing, and distribution systems at the land processes distributed active archive center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025310","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Supporting users through integrated retrieval, processing, and distribution systems at the land processes distributed active archive center","docAbstract":"The design of the EOS Data and Information Systems (EOSDIS) to acquire, archive, manage and distribute Earth observation data to the broadest possible user community was discussed. A number of several integrated retrieval, processing and distribution capabilities have been explained. The value of these functions to the users were described and potential future improvements were laid out for the users. The users were interested in acquiring the retrieval, processing and archiving systems integrated so that they can get the data they want in the format and delivery mechanism of their choice.","largerWorkTitle":"54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), the International Academy of Astronautics and the International Institute of Space Law","conferenceTitle":"54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), the International Academy of Astronautics and the International Institute of Space Law","conferenceDate":"29 September 2003 through 3 October 2003","conferenceLocation":"Bremen","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kalvelage, T., and Willems, J., 2003, Supporting users through integrated retrieval, processing, and distribution systems at the land processes distributed active archive center, <i>in</i> 54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), the International Academy of Astronautics and the International Institute of Space Law, v. 1, Bremen, 29 September 2003 through 3 October 2003, p. 1035-1042.","startPage":"1035","endPage":"1042","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f81e4b08c986b31e623","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalvelage, T.","contributorId":94479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalvelage","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willems, Jennifer","contributorId":53578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willems","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025315,"text":"70025315 - 2003 - Characterization of yield reduction in Ethiopia using a GIS-based crop water balance model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-27T14:19:25","indexId":"70025315","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1175,"text":"Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of yield reduction in Ethiopia using a GIS-based crop water balance model","docAbstract":"<p>In many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, subsistence agriculture is characterized by significant fluctuations in yield and production due to variations in moisture availability to staple crops. Widespread drought can lead to crop failures, with associated deterioration in food security. Ground data collection networks are sparse, so methods using geospatial rainfall estimates derived from satellite and gauge observations, where available, have been developed to calculate seasonal crop water balances. Using conventional crop production data for 4 years in Ethiopia (1996-1999), it was found that water-limited and water-unlimited growing regions can be distinguished. Furthermore, maize growing conditions are also indicative of conditions for sorghum. However, another major staple, teff, was found to behave sufficiently differently from maize to warrant studies of its own.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.5589/m03-039","issn":"07038992","usgsCitation":"Senay, G., and Verdin, J., 2003, Characterization of yield reduction in Ethiopia using a GIS-based crop water balance model: Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 29, no. 6, p. 687-692, https://doi.org/10.5589/m03-039.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"687","endPage":"692","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4ece4b0c8380cd4bfdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, G.B. 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":17741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"G.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verdin, J. 0000-0003-0238-9657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":26112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025316,"text":"70025316 - 2003 - Probable relationships between the lower Jurassic crocodilomorph trackways Batrachopus and Selenichus: Evidence and implications based on new finds from the St. George area southwestern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T15:31:41","indexId":"70025316","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1965,"text":"Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","onlineIssn":"1563-5236","printIssn":"1042-0940","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Probable relationships between the lower Jurassic crocodilomorph trackways <i>Batrachopus</i> and <i>Selenichus</i>: Evidence and implications based on new finds from the St. George area southwestern Utah","title":"Probable relationships between the lower Jurassic crocodilomorph trackways Batrachopus and Selenichus: Evidence and implications based on new finds from the St. George area southwestern Utah","docAbstract":"<p>The enigmatic ichnogenus <i>Selenichnus</i> (Hitchcock, 1858) from the Lower Jurassic of Massachusetts and Utah may represent poorly preserved, extramorphological examples of <i>Batrachopus</i>. <i>Selenichnus</i> trackways from the St. George area (Utah) are virtually indistinguishable from the type material described by Hitchcock (1858) and Lull (1953) from Massachusetts. However, <i>Selenichnus</i> type specimens from Massachusetts, as well as the material from Utah, suggest a relationship with <i>Batrachopus</i>: The former track morphology appears to transform into the latter as preservational conditions change. The size and gait indicated by the two ichnogenera are similar. The suggested relationship between the two ichnogenera does not alter the fact that there are distinct differences in the morphology of the type specimens. Thus, pending discovery of more material, formal synonymy of the two ichnogenera is not formally proposed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10420940490442340","usgsCitation":"Lockley, M.G., Kirkland, J.I., and Milner, A.R., 2003, Probable relationships between the lower Jurassic crocodilomorph trackways Batrachopus and Selenichus: Evidence and implications based on new finds from the St. George area southwestern Utah: Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces, v. 11, no. 1-2, p. 143-149, https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940490442340.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"149","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","city":"St. George","volume":"11","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ccae4b0c8380cd7e8b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockley, Martin G.","contributorId":22428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lockley","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirkland, James I.","contributorId":173915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirkland","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":17626,"text":"Utah Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milner, Andrew R.C.","contributorId":13422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milner","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025318,"text":"70025318 - 2003 - Life history dependent morphometric variation in stream-dwelling Atlantic salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70025318","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history dependent morphometric variation in stream-dwelling Atlantic salmon","docAbstract":"The time course of morphometric variation among life histories for stream-dwelling Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr (age-0+ to age-2+) was analyzed. Possible life histories were combinations of parr maturity status in the autumn (mature or immature) and age at outmigration (smolt at age-2+ or later age). Actual life histories expressed with enough fish for analysis in the 1997 cohort were immature/age-2+ smolt, mature/age-2 +smolt, and mature/age-2+ non-smolt. Tagged fish were assigned to one of the three life histories and digital pictures from the field were analyzed using landmark-based geometric morphometrics. Results indicated that successful grouping of fish according to life history varied with fish age, but that fish could be grouped before the actual expression of the life histories. By March (age-1+), fish were successfully grouped using a descriptive discriminant function and successful assignment ranged from 84 to 97% for the remainder of stream residence. A jackknife of the discriminant function revealed an average life history prediction success of 67% from age-1+ summer to smolting. Low sample numbers for one of the life histories may have limited prediction success. A MANOVA on the shape descriptors (relative warps) also indicated significant differences in shape among life histories from age-1+ summer through to smolting. Across all samples, shape varied significantly with size. Within samples, shape did not vary significantly with size for samples from December (age-0+) to May (age-1+). During the age-1+ summer however, shape varied significantly with size, but the relationship between shape and size was not different among life histories. In the autumn (age-1+) and winter (age-2+), life history differences explained a significant portion of the change in shape with size. Life history dependent morphometric variation may be useful to indicate the timing of early expressions of life history variation and as a tool to explore temporal and spatial variation in life history expression.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00442-003-1387-0","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Letcher, B., 2003, Life history dependent morphometric variation in stream-dwelling Atlantic salmon: Oecologia, v. 137, no. 4, p. 533-540, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-003-1387-0.","startPage":"533","endPage":"540","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209520,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-003-1387-0"},{"id":236071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a475ce4b0c8380cd6783d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Letcher, B. H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":48132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"B.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70024878,"text":"70024878 - 2003 - Use of input uncertainty and model sensitivity to guide site exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70024878","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of input uncertainty and model sensitivity to guide site exploration","docAbstract":"Three Quantitatively Directed Exploration (QDE) methods to identify optimum field sampling locations based on model input covariance and model sensitivity are presented. The first method bases site exploration only on the spatial variation in the uncertainty of input properties. The second method uses only the spatial variation in model sensitivities. The third method uses a first-order second-moment (FOSM) method to estimate the spatial variation in the output covariance. The FOSM method estimates output uncertainty using the product of the input covariance and model sensitivity. The three methods are illustrated by means of a synthetic groundwater site simulated with MODFLOW-2000. The groundwater-flow model computes piezometric head and the sensitivity of head to changes in input values. The QDE methods are evaluated by comparing model results to the \"true\" head. For the synthetic site used in this study, the most effective QDE method was the FOSM method.","largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater Quality Modeling and Management Under Uncertinity","conferenceTitle":"Proceeding of the Symposium on Groundwater Management Under Uncertainty","conferenceDate":"23 June 2003 through 25 June 2003","conferenceLocation":"Philadelphia, PH","language":"English","isbn":"0784406960","usgsCitation":"Graettinger, A., Reeves, H.W., Lee, J., and Dethan, D., 2003, Use of input uncertainty and model sensitivity to guide site exploration, <i>in</i> Groundwater Quality Modeling and Management Under Uncertinity, Philadelphia, PH, 23 June 2003 through 25 June 2003, p. 215-225.","startPage":"215","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf2de4b08c986b3299da","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Mishra S.Mishra S.","contributorId":128300,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Mishra S.Mishra S.","id":536538,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Graettinger, A.J.","contributorId":105884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graettinger","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, H. W.","contributorId":53739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, J.","contributorId":58596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dethan, D.","contributorId":99740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dethan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025319,"text":"70025319 - 2003 - Copepod communities from surface and ground waters in the everglades, south Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T19:30:47.088586","indexId":"70025319","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copepod communities from surface and ground waters in the everglades, south Florida","docAbstract":"We studied species composition and individual abundance of copepods in the surficial aquifer northeast of Everglades National Park. We identified the spatial distribution of subsurface habitats by assessing the depth of the high porosity layers in the limestone along a canal system, and we used copepods to assess the exchange between surface water and ground water along canal banks, at levels in the wells where high porosity connections to the canals exist. Surface- and ground-water taxa were defined, and species composition was related to areal position, sampling depth, and time. Subsurface copepod communities were dominated by surface copepods that disperse into the aquifer following the groundwater seepage along canal L-31N. The similarities in species composition between wells along canal reaches, suggest that copepods mainly enter ground water horizontally along canals via active and passive dispersal. Thus, the copepod populations indicate continuous connections between surface- and ground waters. The most abundant species were Orthocyclops modestus, Arctodiaptomus floridanus, Mesocyclops edax, and Thermocyclops parvus, all known in literature from surface habitats; however, these species have been collected in ground water in ENP. Only two stygophiles were collected: Diacylcops nearcticus and Diacyclops crassicaudis brachycercus. Restoration of the Everglades ecosystem requires a mosaic of data to reveal a complete picture of this complex system. The use of copepods as indicators of seepage could be a tool in helping to assess the direction and the duration of surface and ground water exchange.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1656/1528-7092(2003)002[0523:CCFSAG]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15287092","usgsCitation":"Bruno, M., Cunningham, K., and Perry, S., 2003, Copepod communities from surface and ground waters in the everglades, south Florida: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 2, no. 4, p. 523-546, https://doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2003)002[0523:CCFSAG]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"523","endPage":"546","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"south Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.14453125,\n              24.44714958973082\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.27734374999999,\n              24.44714958973082\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.27734374999999,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.14453125,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.14453125,\n              24.44714958973082\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbf2e4b0c8380cd4e04d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruno, M.C.","contributorId":17402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruno","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, K.J.","contributorId":39852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perry, S.A.","contributorId":50113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025320,"text":"70025320 - 2003 - Real-time seismic data from the coastal ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:03:53","indexId":"70025320","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Real-time seismic data from the coastal ocean","docAbstract":"A moored-buoy system for collecting real-time seismic data from the coastal ocean has been developed and will be deployed for its initial field trial in the fall of 2003. The key component in this moored system is an ultra-stretchy mooring hose that provides compliance for waves and currents and protects the electrical conductors connecting an Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) to a surface buoy from the effects of bending and stretching. This hose is able to stretch to more than twice its unstretched length of 30 m without putting excessive strain on the electrical conductors embedded in its wall. In the initial trials of this system, the OBS will be deployed on the bottom in 40 m of water and connected to the mooring hose through a cable on the seafloor. It will transmit continuous data at a rate of about 5,000 bps to a radio link in the surface buoy. A repeater modem located at the Gay Head lighthouse on Martha's Vineyard about 18 km from the mooring site will receive the transmissions and forward the data to our laboratory at WHOI, about 46 km distant. A GPS receiver on the surface buoy will be configured to send accurate and synchronized time to the OBS on the seafloor, which will make it possible to include data from these undersea systems in the existing seismic data network without the need for any preprocessing. Power to operate the RF link and the OBS will be supplied by solar panels and rechargeable batteries on the surface buoy.","largerWorkTitle":"Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)","conferenceTitle":"Celebrating the Past... Teaming Toward the Fututre","conferenceDate":"September 22-26, 2003","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2003.178525","issn":"01977385","usgsCitation":"Frye, D., ten Brink, U., Paul, W., Peal, K., and Von Der Heydt, K., 2003, Real-time seismic data from the coastal ocean, <i>in</i> Oceans Conference Record (IEEE), v. 1, San Diego, CA, September 22-26, 2003, p. 81-85, https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2003.178525.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"85","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95ace4b0c8380cd81b7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frye, D.","contributorId":53084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frye","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paul, W.","contributorId":33903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peal, K.","contributorId":26495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peal","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Von Der Heydt, K.","contributorId":9444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Von Der Heydt","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70025321,"text":"70025321 - 2003 - Wildfire-related debris-flow generation through episodic progressive sediment-bulking processes, western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70025321","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Wildfire-related debris-flow generation through episodic progressive sediment-bulking processes, western USA","docAbstract":"Debris-flow initiation processes on hillslopes recently burned by wildfire differ from those generally recognized on unburned, vegetated hillslopes. These differences result from fire-induced changes in the hydrologic response to rainfall events. In this study, detailed field and aerial photographic mapping, observations, and measurements of debris-flow events from three sites in the western U.S. are used to describe and evaluate the process of episodic progressive sediment bulking of storm runoff that leads to the generation of post-wildfire debris flows. Our data demonstrate the effects of material credibility, sediment availability on hillslopes and in channels, the degree of channel confinement, the formation of continuous channel incision, and the upslope contributing area and its gradient on the generation of flows and the magnitude of the response are demonstrated. ?? 2003 Millpress.","largerWorkTitle":"International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"3rd International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment","conferenceDate":"10 September 2003 through 12 September 2003","conferenceLocation":"Davos","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S., Gartner, J., Parrett, C., and Parise, M., 2003, Wildfire-related debris-flow generation through episodic progressive sediment-bulking processes, western USA, <i>in</i> International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings, v. 1, Davos, 10 September 2003 through 12 September 2003, p. 71-82.","startPage":"71","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0d1e4b08c986b32f096","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rickenmann D.Chen C.L.","contributorId":128322,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Rickenmann D.Chen C.L.","id":536553,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, S.H.","contributorId":38154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, J.E.","contributorId":80098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parrett, C.","contributorId":43400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parise, M.","contributorId":82486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parise","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025083,"text":"70025083 - 2003 - Insights into oil cracking based on laboratory experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025083","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insights into oil cracking based on laboratory experiments","docAbstract":"The objectives of this pyrolysis investigation were to determine changes in (1) oil composition, (2) gas composition and (3) gas carbon isotope ratios and to compare these results with hydrocarbons in reservoirs. Laboratory cracking of a saturate-rich Devonian oil by confined, dry pyrolysis was performed at T = 350-450??C, P = 650 bars and times ranging from 24 h to 33 days. Increasing thermal stress results in the C15+ hydrocarbon fraction cracking to form C6-14 and C1-5 hydrocarbons and pyrobitumen. The C6-14 fraction continues to crack to C 1-5 gases plus pyrobitumen at higher temperatures and prolonged heating time and the ?? 13Cethane-?? 13Cpropane difference becomes greater as oil cracking progresses. There is considerable overlap in product generation and product cracking. Oil cracking products accumulate either because the rate of generation of any product is greater than the rate of removal by cracking of that product or because the product is a stable end member under the experimental conditions. Oil cracking products decrease when the amount of product generated from a reactant is less than the amount of product cracked. If pyrolysis gas compositions are representative of gases generated from oil cracking in nature, then understanding the processes that alter natural gas composition is critical. ?? 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0146-6380(03)00173-6","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Hill, R., Tang, Y., and Kaplan, I., 2003, Insights into oil cracking based on laboratory experiments: Organic Geochemistry, v. 34, no. 12, p. 1651-1672, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(03)00173-6.","startPage":"1651","endPage":"1672","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209437,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(03)00173-6"},{"id":235877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c1fe4b0c8380cd62aad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, R.J.","contributorId":92850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tang, Y.","contributorId":104199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplan, I.R.","contributorId":24086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025081,"text":"70025081 - 2003 - Athena Mars rover science investigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025081","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Athena Mars rover science investigation","docAbstract":"Each Mars Exploration Rover carries an integrated suite of scientific instruments and tools called the Athena science payload. The primary objective of the Athena science investigation is to explore two sites on the Martian surface where water may once have been present, and to assess past environmental conditions at those sites and their suitability for life. The remote sensing portion of the payload uses a mast called the Pancam Mast Assembly (PMA) that provides pointing for two instruments: the Panoramic Camera (Pancam), and the Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES). Pancam provides high-resolution, color, stereo imaging, while Mini-TES provides spectral cubes at mid-infrared wavelengths. For in-situ study, a five degree-of-freedom arm called the Instrument Deployment Device (IDD) carries four more tools: a Microscopic Imager (MI) for close-up imaging, an Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) for elemental chemistry, a Mo??ssbauer Spectrometer (MB) for the mineralogy of Fe-bearing materials, and a Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT) for removing dusty and weathered surfaces and exposing fresh rock underneath. The payload also includes magnets that allow the instruments to study the composition of magnetic Martian materials. All of the Athena instruments have undergone extensive calibration, both individually and using a set of geologic reference materials that are being measured with all the instruments. Using a MER-like rover and payload in a number of field settings, we have devised operations processes that will enable us to use the MER rovers to formulate and test scientific hypotheses concerning past environmental conditions and habitability at the landing sites. Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R., Baumgartner, E., Bell, J., Christensen, P.R., Gorevan, S., Herkenhoff, K.E., Klingelhofer, G., Madsen, M., Morris, R., Rieder, R., and Romero, R., 2003, Athena Mars rover science investigation: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 108, no. 12.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee9ee4b0c8380cd49e84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baumgartner, E.T.","contributorId":48057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baumgartner","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christensen, P. R.","contributorId":7819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gorevan, S.","contributorId":7886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorevan","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Herkenhoff, K. E.","contributorId":57959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Klingelhofer, G.","contributorId":57195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klingelhofer","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Madsen, M.B.","contributorId":97291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"M.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":6978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rieder, R.","contributorId":28046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieder","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Romero, R.A.","contributorId":68612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romero","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70024875,"text":"70024875 - 2003 - Incorporating uncertainty into high-resolution groundwater supply models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024875","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Incorporating uncertainty into high-resolution groundwater supply models","docAbstract":"Groundwater modeling is a useful tool for evaluating whether an acquifer system is capable of supporting groundwater withdrawals over long periods of time and what effect, if any, such activity will have on the regional flow dynamics as well as on specific public water, agricultural and industrial supplies. An overview is given of an ongoing groundwater modeling study of the Chicot Aquifer in southwestern Louisiana where a low-resolution groundwater model is being used to study the regional flow in the Chicot acquifer and to provide boundary conditions for higher-resolution inset models created using telescopic mesh refinement (TMR).","largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater Quality Modeling and Management Under Uncertinity","conferenceTitle":"Proceeding of the Symposium on Groundwater Management Under Uncertainty","conferenceDate":"23 June 2003 through 25 June 2003","conferenceLocation":"Philadelphia, PH","language":"English","isbn":"0784406960","usgsCitation":"Rahman, A., Hartono, S., Carlson, D.R., and Willson, C.S., 2003, Incorporating uncertainty into high-resolution groundwater supply models, <i>in</i> Groundwater Quality Modeling and Management Under Uncertinity, Philadelphia, PH, 23 June 2003 through 25 June 2003, p. 122-130.","startPage":"122","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39ebe4b0c8380cd61aa9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Mishra S.Mishra S.","contributorId":128300,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Mishra S.Mishra S.","id":536537,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Rahman, A.","contributorId":93171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rahman","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartono, S.","contributorId":75722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartono","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, David R.","contributorId":89100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Willson, C. S.","contributorId":90440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024874,"text":"70024874 - 2003 - Historic range of variability in landscape structure in subalpine forests of the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024874","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historic range of variability in landscape structure in subalpine forests of the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA","docAbstract":"A measure of the historic range of variability (HRV) in landscape structure is essential for evaluating current landscape patterns of Rocky Mountain coniferous forests that have been subjected to intensive timber harvest. We used a geographic information system (GIS) and FRAGSTATS to calculate key landscape metrics on two ???130,000-ha landscapes in the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA: one in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), which has been primarily shaped by natural fires, and a second in the adjacent Targhee National Forest (TNF), which has undergone intensive clearcutting for nearly 30 years. Digital maps of the current and historical landscape in YNP were developed from earlier stand age maps developed by Romme and Despain. Maps of the TNF landscape were adapted from United States Forest Service Resource Information System (RIS) data. Key landscape metrics were calculated at 20-yr intervals for YNP for the period from 1705-1995. These metrics were used to first evaluate the relative effects of small vs. large fire events on landscape structure and were then compared to similar metrics calculated for both pre- and post-harvest landscapes of the TNF. Large fires, such as those that burned in 1988, produced a structurally different landscape than did previous, smaller fires (1705-1985). The total number of patches of all types was higher after 1988 (694 vs. 340-404 before 1988), and mean patch size was reduced by almost half (186 ha vs. 319-379 ha). The amount of unburned forest was less following the 1988 fires (63% vs. 72-90% prior to 1988), yet the number of unburned patches increased by nearly an order of magnitude (230 vs. a maximum of 41 prior to 1988). Total core area and mean core area per patch decreased after 1988 relative to smaller fires (???73,700 ha vs. 87,000-110,000 ha, and 320 ha vs. 2,123 ha, respectively). Notably, only edge density was similar (17 m ha-1 after 1988) to earlier landscapes (9.8-14.2 m ha-1). Three decades of timber harvesting dramatically altered landscape structure in the TNF. Total number of patches increased threefold (1,481 after harvest vs. 437 before harvest), and mean patch size decreased by ???70% (91.3 ha vs. 309 ha). None of the post-harvest landscape metrics calculated for the TNF fell within the HRV as defined in YNP, even when the post-1988 landscape was considered. In contrast, pre-harvest TNF landscape metrics were all within, or very nearly within, the HRV for YNP While reference conditions such as those identified by this study are useful for local and regional landscape evaluation and planning, additional research is necessary to understand the consequences of changes in landscape structure for population, community, ecosystem, and landscape function.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1026156900092","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Tinker, D., Romme, W., and Despain, D.G., 2003, Historic range of variability in landscape structure in subalpine forests of the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA: Landscape Ecology, v. 18, no. 4, p. 427-439, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026156900092.","startPage":"427","endPage":"439","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207701,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026156900092"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3162e4b0c8380cd5dea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tinker, D.B.","contributorId":39163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romme, W.H.","contributorId":89307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romme","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Despain, Don G.","contributorId":31147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Despain","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":402969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70179881,"text":"70179881 - 2003 - Annual sex steroid and other physiological profiles of Pacific lampreys (Lampetra tridentata): implications for upstream migrations past dams? Draft annual report for 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T13:52:48","indexId":"70179881","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Annual sex steroid and other physiological profiles of Pacific lampreys (Lampetra tridentata): implications for upstream migrations past dams? Draft annual report for 2001","docAbstract":"<p>Abstract not available&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Mesa, M., Bayer, J., and Seelye, J., 2003, Annual sex steroid and other physiological profiles of Pacific lampreys (Lampetra tridentata): implications for upstream migrations past dams? Draft annual report for 2001.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881dedee4b01192927d9fa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mesa, M.G.","contributorId":17386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bayer, J.M.","contributorId":47945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayer","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seelye, J.G.","contributorId":32861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelye","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70179861,"text":"70179861 - 2003 - Flow, temperature, and habitat conditions in the Wind River watershed. Report A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T11:16:42","indexId":"70179861","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Flow, temperature, and habitat conditions in the Wind River watershed. Report A.","docAbstract":"<p>Abstract not available</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","usgsCitation":"Jezorek, I., and Connolly, P., 2003, Flow, temperature, and habitat conditions in the Wind River watershed. Report A.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333439,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881dee3e4b01192927d9fc7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Connolly, P.J.","contributorId":70141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658982,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Jezorek, I.G.","contributorId":177887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jezorek","given":"I.G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, P.J.","contributorId":70141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}