{"pageNumber":"2877","pageRowStart":"71900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70024981,"text":"70024981 - 2003 - The influence of water depth and flow regime on phytoplankton biomass and community structure in a shallow, lowland river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70024981","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The influence of water depth and flow regime on phytoplankton biomass and community structure in a shallow, lowland river","docAbstract":"The taxonomic composition and biomass of phytoplankton in the San Joaquin River, California, were examined in relation to water depth, flow regime, and water chemistry. Without substantial tributary inflow, maintenance demands exceeded algal production during summer and autumn in this eutrophic, 'lowland type' river due to light-limiting conditions for algal growth. Streamflow from tributaries that drain the Sierra Nevada contributed to a substantial net gain in algal production during the spring and summer by increasing water transparency and the extent of turbulence. Abundances of the major taxa (centric diatoms, pennate diatoms and chlorophytes) indicated differing responses to the longitudinal variation in water depth and flow regime, with the areal extent of pools and other geomorphic features that influence time-for-development being a major contributing factor to the selection of species. Tychoplanktonic species were most abundant upstream and in tributaries that drain the San Joaquin Valley. Seasonally-varying factors such as water temperature that influence algal growth rates also contributed significantly to the selection of species. Nutrient limitation appears not to be a primary constraint on species selection in the phytoplankton of this river.","largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","language":"English","doi":"10.1023/B:HYDR.0000008596.00382.56","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Leland, H., 2003, The influence of water depth and flow regime on phytoplankton biomass and community structure in a shallow, lowland river, in Hydrobiologia, v. 506-509, p. 247-255, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000008596.00382.56.","startPage":"247","endPage":"255","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207967,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000008596.00382.56"},{"id":233293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"506-509","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad40e4b08c986b323ab3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leland, H.V.","contributorId":82455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leland","given":"H.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70024959,"text":"70024959 - 2003 - Production waters associated with the Ferron coalbed methane fields, central Utah: Chemical and isotopic composition and volumes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024959","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Production waters associated with the Ferron coalbed methane fields, central Utah: Chemical and isotopic composition and volumes","docAbstract":"This study investigated the composition of water co-produced with coalbed methane (CBM) from the Upper Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale in east-central Utah to better understand coalbed methane reservoirs. The Ferron coalbed methane play currently has more than 600 wells producing an average of 240 bbl/day/well water. Water samples collected from 28 wellheads in three fields (Buzzards Bench, Drunkards Wash, and Helper State) of the northeast-southwest trending play were analyzed for chemical and stable isotopic composition.Water produced from coalbed methane wells is a Na-Cl-HCO3 type. Water from the Drunkards Wash field has the lowest total dissolved solids (TDS) (6300 mg/l) increasing in value to the southeast and northeast. In the Helper State field, about 6 miles northeast, water has the highest total dissolved solids (43,000 mg/l), and major ion abundance indicates the possible influence of evaporite dissolution or mixing with a saline brine. In the southern Buzzards Bench field, water has variable total dissolved solids that are not correlated with depth or spatial distance. Significant differences in the relative compositions are present between the three fields implying varying origins of solutes and/or different water-rock interactions along multiple flow paths.Stable isotopic values of water from the Ferron range from +0.9??? to -11.4??? ?? 18O and -32??? to -90??? ?? 2H and plot below the global meteoric water line (GMWL) on a line near, but above values of present-day meteoric water. Isotopic values of Ferron water are consistent with modification of meteoric water along a flow path by mixing with an evolved seawater brine and/or interaction with carbonate minerals. Analysis of isotopic values versus chloride (conservative element) and total dissolved solids concentrations indicates that recharge water in the Buzzards Bench area is distinct from recharge water in Drunkards Wash and is about 3 ??C warmer. These variations in isotopes along with compositional variations imply that the Ferron reservoir is heterogeneous and compartmentalized, and that multiple flow paths may exist. ?? 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0166-5162(03)00086-7","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Rice, C.A., 2003, Production waters associated with the Ferron coalbed methane fields, central Utah: Chemical and isotopic composition and volumes: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 56, no. 1-2, p. 141-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(03)00086-7.","startPage":"141","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207769,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(03)00086-7"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8de8e4b0c8380cd7eeda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, C. A.","contributorId":106116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70025311,"text":"70025311 - 2003 - Effects of lampricide exposure on the survival, growth, and behavior of the unionid mussels Elliptio complanata and Pyganadon cataracta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025311","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of lampricide exposure on the survival, growth, and behavior of the unionid mussels Elliptio complanata and Pyganadon cataracta","docAbstract":"The effects of a 12-h exposure to the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4- nitrophenol (TFM) and a combination of TFM and 1% niclosamide (active ingredient in Bayluscide 70% wettable powder) on the short and long-term (10 mo post exposure) survival and behavior of two unionid freshwater mussel species Elliptio complanata and Pyganadon cataracta were measured. Growth of juvenile E. complanata mussels 10 months after exposure was also compared. Toxicity was determined after 12 h exposures at maximum concentrations from 2- to 2.5- fold higher than the LC99 for sea lamprey larvae. A logistic model was used to estimate the probability of survival among treatments, trials, species, and sizes. Mortality was minimal in all test concentrations of TFM alone and the TFM/1% niclosamide combination. Estimated survival decreased 6% for each unit increase in the relative toxicity of TFM. Survival was greater for E. complanata than for P. cataracta, and for adults relative to juveniles. Lampricide treatment caused narcotization of both mussels (defined as having gaped shells and an extended foot) in concentrations ??? LC99 for sea lamprey larvae and narcotization ranged from 0-50% among treatments. Recovery from narcosis was apparent by 12 h post-exposure and complete by 36 h post-exposure. The rate of growth of E. complanata over the 10-month post-exposure period did not vary among treatments.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","language":"English","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Waller, D.L., Bills, T., Boogaard, M., Johnson, D., and Doolittle, T., 2003, Effects of lampricide exposure on the survival, growth, and behavior of the unionid mussels Elliptio complanata and Pyganadon cataracta, in Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, no. SUPPL. 1, p. 542-551.","startPage":"542","endPage":"551","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"SUPPL. 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0732e4b0c8380cd515d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, D. L.","contributorId":43704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bills, T.D.","contributorId":6393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boogaard, M.A.","contributorId":92994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boogaard","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, D.A.","contributorId":61370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doolittle, T.C.J.","contributorId":92780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doolittle","given":"T.C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025333,"text":"70025333 - 2003 - Possible emplacement of crustal rocks into the forearc mantle of the Cascadia Subduction Zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-06T21:08:44.975324","indexId":"70025333","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible emplacement of crustal rocks into the forearc mantle of the Cascadia Subduction Zone","docAbstract":"

Seismic reflection profiles shot across the Cascadia forearc show that a 5–15 km thick band of reflections, previously interpreted as a lower crustal shear zone above the subducting Juan de Fuca plate, extends into the upper mantle of the North American plate, reaching depths of at least 50 km. In the extreme western corner of the mantle wedge, these reflectors occur in rocks with P wave velocities of 6750–7000 ms−1. Elsewhere, the forearc mantle, which is probably partially serpentinized, exhibits velocities of approximately 7500 ms−1. The rocks with velocities of 6750–7000 ms−1 are anomalous with respect to the surrounding mantle, and may represent either: (1) locally high mantle serpentinization, (2) oceanic crust trapped by backstepping of the subduction zone, or (3) rocks from the lower continental crust that have been transported into the uppermost mantle by subduction erosion. The association of subparallel seismic reflectors with these anomalously low velocities favours the tectonic emplacement of crustal rocks.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003GL018541","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Calvert, A., Fisher, M.A., Ramachandran, K., and Trehu, A., 2003, Possible emplacement of crustal rocks into the forearc mantle of the Cascadia Subduction Zone: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 30, no. 23, 2196, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL018541.","productDescription":"2196, 4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e1fe4b0c8380cd7a358","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calvert, A.J.","contributorId":16614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramachandran, K.","contributorId":71735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramachandran","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trehu, A.M.","contributorId":90754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trehu","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025455,"text":"70025455 - 2003 - Sediment transport and deposition processes near ocean outfalls in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-25T15:38:36.694309","indexId":"70025455","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5339,"text":"ASTM Selected Technical Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":19}},"title":"Sediment transport and deposition processes near ocean outfalls in southern California","docAbstract":"An urbanized coastal ocean that has complex topography and large-scale atmospheric and oceanographic forcing can contain a variety of sediment and pollutant distribution patterns. For example, the central southern California Bight has two large embayments, Santa Monica and San Pedro Bays, that are connected by a short, very narrow shelf off the Palos Verdes peninsula. The complex topography causes quite different oceanographic and sediment distribution patterns in this fairly small region of the coastal ocean. In addition, three sewage outfalls discharge material over the outer shelf. A large suite of sediment cores was obtained and analyzed for contaminants, physical properties, accumulation rates, and grain sizes. Arrays of instrumented moorings that monitor currents, waves, water clarity, water density and collect resuspended materials were deployed. The data and models developed for the Palos Verdes margin suggest that a large reservoir of DDT and its byproducts exists in the coastal ocean sediment and will continue to be exhumed and transported along the shelf for a long time. On the Santa Monica shelf, very large internal waves, or bores, are generated at the shelf break. The near-bottom currents associated with these waves sweep sediment and the associated contaminants from the shelf onto the continental slope. On the San Pedro margin an initial examination of recent data collected in the coastal ocean does not suggest that bacterial contamination on local beaches is primarily caused by transport of material from the adjacent ocean outfall.","largerWorkTitle":"ASTM Special Technical Publication","conferenceTitle":"Contaminated Sediments: Characterization, Evaluation, Mitigation, Restoration, and Management Strategy Performance","conferenceDate":"May 26-28, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Quebec City, Quebec, Canada","language":"English","doi":"10.1520/STP11567S","usgsCitation":"Lee, H., Noble, M., and Xu, J., 2003, Sediment transport and deposition processes near ocean outfalls in southern California, in ASTM Special Technical Publication, no. 1442, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, May 26-28, 2003, p. 253-265, https://doi.org/10.1520/STP11567S.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"265","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235787,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.43193147911012,\n 35.890962293701875\n ],\n [\n -121.43193147911012,\n 32.55531839561759\n ],\n [\n -114.45518014312299,\n 32.55531839561759\n ],\n [\n -114.45518014312299,\n 35.890962293701875\n ],\n [\n -121.43193147911012,\n 35.890962293701875\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"1442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b89c7e4b08c986b316e9e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Locat J.Galvez-Cloutier R.Chaney R.Demars K.","contributorId":128382,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Locat J.Galvez-Cloutier R.Chaney R.Demars K.","id":536567,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Lee, H.J.","contributorId":96693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noble, M.A.","contributorId":93513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xu, J.","contributorId":25324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025307,"text":"70025307 - 2003 - Changes in trace and minor constituents and associated micro-architecture of Montastrea faveolata during time of \"stress\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025307","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Changes in trace and minor constituents and associated micro-architecture of Montastrea faveolata during time of \"stress\"","docAbstract":"As corals grow, they secrete a calcareous skeleton with the aid of photosynthetic activity of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates. The rate of this secretion varies annually which produces annual bands. Entrapped with the carbonate are trace substances that record the chemistry of the surrounding ocean. Detailing these changes in chemistry requires careful high-resolution sampling. New procedures involving laser ablation inductive couple plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP/MS) provides a unique method that does not involve tedious sample preparation. The La-ICP/MS data for a series of Atlantic corals from Looe Key, U.S. Florida Keys shows an intriguing distribution trace and minor elements whose concentrations are related to reported bleaching events. SEM data from the layers exhibit a change in crystal habit concurrent with the changes in chemistry. These changes reflected the affect of the variable influence of the symbiotic algae on the development of the coral skeleton.","largerWorkTitle":"Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)","conferenceTitle":"Celebrating the Past... Teaming Toward the Fututre","conferenceDate":"22 September 2003 through 26 September 2003","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA.","language":"English","issn":"01977385","usgsCitation":"Holmes, C.W., Buster, N., Sorauf, J., Hudson, J., and Kester, C., 2003, Changes in trace and minor constituents and associated micro-architecture of Montastrea faveolata during time of \"stress\", in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE), v. 1, San Diego, CA., 22 September 2003 through 26 September 2003, p. 452-455.","startPage":"452","endPage":"455","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f438e4b0c8380cd4bbf1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":36076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buster, N.A.","contributorId":105518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buster","given":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sorauf, J.E.","contributorId":84559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorauf","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hudson, J.H.","contributorId":102505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kester, C.","contributorId":95427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kester","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025014,"text":"70025014 - 2003 - Meter-scale slopes of candidate MER landing sites from point photoclinometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T08:32:58","indexId":"70025014","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Meter-scale slopes of candidate MER landing sites from point photoclinometry","docAbstract":"

Photoclinometry was used to analyze the small-scale roughness of areas that fall within the proposed Mars Exploration Rover (MER) 2003 landing ellipses. The landing ellipses presented in this study were those in Athabasca Valles, Elysium Planitia, Eos Chasma, Gusev Crater, Isidis Planitia, Melas Chasma, and Meridiani Planum. We were able to constrain surface slopes on length scales comparable to the image resolution (1.5 to 12 m/pixel). The MER 2003 mission has various engineering constraints that each candidate landing ellipse must satisfy. These constraints indicate that the statistical slope values at 5 m baselines are an important criterion. We used our technique to constrain maximum surface slopes across large swaths of each image, and built up slope statistics for the images in each landing ellipse. We are confident that all MER 2003 landing site ellipses in this study, with the exception of the Melas Chasma ellipse, are within the small-scale roughness constraints. Our results have provided input into the landing hazard assessment process. In addition to evaluating the safety of the landing sites, our mapping of small-scale roughnesses can also be used to better define and map morphologic units. The morphology of a surface is characterized by the slope distribution and magnitude of slopes. In looking at how slopes are distributed, we can better define landforms and determine the boundaries of morphologic units.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2003JE002120","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Beyer, R.A., McEwen, A.S., and Kirk, R.L., 2003, Meter-scale slopes of candidate MER landing sites from point photoclinometry: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 108, no. E12, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JE002120.","productDescription":"31 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478416,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.372.4634","text":"External Repository"},{"id":233187,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Athabasca Valles; Elysium Planitia; Eos Chasma; Gusev Crater; Isidis Planitia; Mars; Melas Chasma; Meridiani Planum","volume":"108","issue":"E12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5520e4b0c8380cd6d12c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, Ross A.","contributorId":204235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beyer","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36890,"text":"Sagan Center at the SETI Institute and NASA Ames Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":403452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McEwen, Alfred S.","contributorId":61657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEwen","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":403451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1008393,"text":"1008393 - 2003 - Movements of Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in nearshore habitat as determined by acoustic telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T16:46:31.896384","indexId":"1008393","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1873,"text":"Gulf of Mexico Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Movements of Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in nearshore habitat as determined by acoustic telemetry","title":"Movements of Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in nearshore habitat as determined by acoustic telemetry","docAbstract":"

Gulf sturgeon were tagged with telemetry tags and were tracked and relocated in fall and early winter of 1996 and 1998 to determine migration patterns and winter feeding habitats after they emigrated from the Suwannee River, Florida, into the Gulf of Mexico. We hypothesized that their migration would generally follow the drowned Suwannee River channel across the West Florida shelf. Fish left the river in late Oct. or early Nov., about the time river water temperatures fell below 20 C. Tracked and relocated fish moved slowly and remained offshore of Suwannee Sound in nearby shallow (<6 m) marine-estuarine habitats until at least mid or late Dec. The relatively small area (~115km2) within which fish were consistently relocated in 1998 probably is a critically important feeding habitat because adult Gulf sturgeon, which do not feed while in the river, occupy it for up to half their short (4-5 mo) marine residency. The fish left the area in late Dec. or early Jan., most likely in response to powerful cold front-generated weather conditions (under which, boat-based acoustic tracking is infeasible). A large (1,760 km2) adjacent area was searched for sonic-tagged sturgeon in early Jan. 1999, but only one was relocated (~50 km northwest of the Nov.-Dec. area). Although we were unable to address the hypothesis that their migration follows the Suwannee paleochannel, the results do indicate that Gulf sturgeon move to yet unknown, distant, late-winter feeding areas of the Gulf of Mexico before returning to the river in spring.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Southern Mississippi","doi":"10.18785/goms.2101.05","usgsCitation":"Edwards, R.E., Sulak, K., Grimes, C.B., and Randall, M., 2003, Movements of Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in nearshore habitat as determined by acoustic telemetry: Gulf of Mexico Science, v. 21, no. 1, p. 59-70, https://doi.org/10.18785/goms.2101.05.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":486964,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18785/goms.2101.05","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, Suwannee Reef, Suwannee River, Suwannee Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 29.08977693862319\n ],\n [\n -82.97561645507812,\n 29.08977693862319\n ],\n [\n -82.97561645507812,\n 29.354648639004846\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 29.354648639004846\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 29.08977693862319\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698c57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, R. 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J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grimes, Craig B.","contributorId":68261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Randall, M.","contributorId":106060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025341,"text":"70025341 - 2003 - Future coral reef habitat marginality: Temporal and spatial effects of climate change in the Pacific basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70025341","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Future coral reef habitat marginality: Temporal and spatial effects of climate change in the Pacific basin","docAbstract":"Marginal reef habitats are regarded as regions where coral reefs and coral communities reflect the effects of steady-state or long-term average environmental limitations. We used classifications based on this concept with predicted time-variant conditions of future climate to develop a scenario for the evolution of future marginality. Model results based on a conservative scenario of atmospheric CO2 increase were used to examine changes in sea surface temperature and aragonite saturation state over the Pacific Ocean basin until 2069. Results of the projections indicated that essentially all reef locations are likely to become marginal with respect to aragonite saturation state. Significant areas, including some with the highest biodiversity, are expected to experience high-temperature regimes that may be marginal, and additional areas will enter the borderline high temperature range that have experienced significant ENSO-related bleaching in the recent past. The positive effects of warming in areas that are presently marginal in terms of low temperature were limited. Conditions of the late 21st century do not lie outside the ranges in which present-day marginal reef systems occur. Adaptive and acclimative capabilities of organisms and communities will be critical in determining the future of coral reef ecosystems.","largerWorkTitle":"Coral Reefs","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00338-003-0331-4","issn":"07224028","usgsCitation":"Guinotte, J., Buddemeier, R., and Kleypas, J., 2003, Future coral reef habitat marginality: Temporal and spatial effects of climate change in the Pacific basin, in Coral Reefs, v. 22, no. 4, p. 551-558, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-003-0331-4.","startPage":"551","endPage":"558","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209407,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-003-0331-4"},{"id":235816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a142fe4b0c8380cd54944","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guinotte, J.M.","contributorId":75317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guinotte","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buddemeier, R. 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To test these models, we use the results of controlled-source seismic surveys and earthquake tomography to map the upper mantle along the Cascadia margin forearc. We find anomalously low upper-mantle velocities and/or weak wide-angle reflections from the top of the upper mantle in a narrow region along the margin, compatible with recent teleseismic studies and indicative of a serpentinized upper mantle. The existence of a hydrated forearc upper-mantle wedge in Cascadia has important geological and geophysical implications. For example, shearing within the upper mantle, inferred from seismic reflectivity and consistent with its serpentinite rheology, may occur during aseismic slow slip events on the megathrust. In addition, progressive dehydration of the hydrated mantle wedge south of the Mendocino triple junction may enhance the effects of a slap gap during the evolution of the California margin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0267:SEFWSF>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Brocher, T., Parsons, T., Trehu, A., Snelson, C., and Fisher, M.A., 2003, Seismic evidence for widespread serpentinized forearc upper mantle along the Cascadia margin: Geology, v. 31, no. 3, p. 267-270, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0267:SEFWSF>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"267","endPage":"270","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208876,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0267:SEFWSF>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":234946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b10e4b08c986b31756d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trehu, A.M.","contributorId":90754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trehu","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snelson, C.M.","contributorId":52769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snelson","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025284,"text":"70025284 - 2003 - Productivity and breeding habitat of loggerhead shrikes in a southwestern urban environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70025284","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Productivity and breeding habitat of loggerhead shrikes in a southwestern urban environment","docAbstract":"Declines in loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) populations have been associated in part with habitat loss and degradation, including that resulting from urbanization. We monitored the productivity and examined nesting habitat of loggerhead shrikes nesting in an urban environment in Tucson, Arizona. We located 22 breeding pairs in 1997 and 26 breeding pairs in 1998, with a 72% breeding area reoccupancy between years. Mean fledgling numbers were 2.28/ nesting attempt and 3.11/successful nest. Although some pairs initially failed and renested, 91% and 73% of shrike pairs successfully fledged young in 1997 and 1998, respectively. Mayfield estimates of nesting success were 78% in 1997 and 65% in 1998. Nest sites were characterized by more trees >3 m in height, taller nest trees than those randomly available, and a greater proportion of bare ground surface than at random sites. Shrike breeding territories had lower proportions of residential and commercial development and greater proportions of open areas with low-growing vegetation than randomly available. Some shrikes nested in school playgrounds, residential front yards, and parking lots, if adjacent open space was available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0557:PABHOL>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Boal, C.W., Estabrook, T., and Duerr, A., 2003, Productivity and breeding habitat of loggerhead shrikes in a southwestern urban environment: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 48, no. 4, p. 557-562, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0557:PABHOL>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"557","endPage":"562","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209555,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0557:PABHOL>2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8de9e4b0c8380cd7eee3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boal, C. W.","contributorId":102614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boal","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estabrook, T.S.","contributorId":43149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estabrook","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duerr, A.E.","contributorId":33666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duerr","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024958,"text":"70024958 - 2003 - Response of North American Great Basin Lakes to Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024958","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of North American Great Basin Lakes to Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations","docAbstract":"We correlate oscillations in the hydrologic and/or cryologic balances of four Great Basin surface-water systems with Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events 2-12. This correlation is relatively strong at the location of the magnetic signature used to link the lake records, but becomes less well constrained with distance/time from the signature. Comparison of proxy glacial and hydrologic records from Owens and Pyramid lakes indicates that Sierran glacial advances occurred during times of relative dryness. If our hypothesized correlation between the lake-based records and the GISP2 ??18O record is correct, it suggests that North Atlantic D-O stades were associated with relatively cold and dry conditions and that interstades were associated with relatively warm and wet conditions throughout the Great Basin between 50,500 and 27,000 GISP2yr B.P. The Great Basin lacustrine climate records reinforce the hypothesis that D-O events affected the climate throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere during marine isotope stages 2 and 3. However, the absolute phasing between lake-size and ice-core ??18O records remains difficult to determine.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00210-5","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Benson, L., Lund, S., Negrini, R., Linsley, B., and Zic, M., 2003, Response of North American Great Basin Lakes to Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 22, no. 21-22, p. 2239-2251, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00210-5.","startPage":"2239","endPage":"2251","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207752,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00210-5"},{"id":232939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"21-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa1ae4b0c8380cd86148","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L.","contributorId":56793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lund, S.","contributorId":84933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Negrini, R.","contributorId":26390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Negrini","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Linsley, B.","contributorId":33493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linsley","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zic, M.","contributorId":21317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zic","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025529,"text":"70025529 - 2003 - Detection of avian malaria (Plasmodium spp.) in native land birds of American Samoa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:26","indexId":"70025529","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection of avian malaria (Plasmodium spp.) in native land birds of American Samoa","docAbstract":"This study documents the presence of Plasmodium spp. in landbirds of central Polynesia. Blood samples collected from eight native and introduced species from the island of Tutuila, American Samoa were evaluated for the presence of Plasmodium spp. by nested rDNA PCR, serology and/or microscopy. A total of 111/188 birds (59%) screened by nested PCR were positive. Detection of Plasmodium spp. was verified by nucleotide sequence comparisons of partial 18S ribosomal RNA and TRAP (thrombospondin-related anonymous protein) genes using phylogenetic analyses. All samples screened by immunoblot to detect antibodies that cross-react with Hawaiian isolates of Plasmodium relictum (153) were negative. Lack of cross-reactivity is probably due to antigenic differences between the Hawaiian and Samoan Plasmodium isolates. Similarly, all samples examined by microscopy (214) were negative. The fact that malaria is present, but not detectable by blood smear evaluation is consistent with low peripheral parasitemia characteristic of chronic infections. High prevalence of apparently chronic infections, the relative stability of the native land bird communities, and the presence of mosquito vectors which are considered endemic and capable of transmitting avian Plasmodia, suggest that these parasites are indigenous to Samoa and have a long coevolutionary history with their hosts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1025626529806","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Jarvi, S., Farias, M., Baker, H., Freifeld, H., Baker, P., Van Gelder, E., Massey, J., and Atkinson, C., 2003, Detection of avian malaria (Plasmodium spp.) in native land birds of American Samoa: Conservation Genetics, v. 4, no. 5, p. 629-637, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025626529806.","startPage":"629","endPage":"637","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209380,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025626529806"},{"id":235753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff6fe4b0c8380cd4f1b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarvi, S.I.","contributorId":60341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarvi","given":"S.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farias, M.E.M.","contributorId":68439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farias","given":"M.E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, H.","contributorId":73470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freifeld, H.B.","contributorId":25044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freifeld","given":"H.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baker, P.E.","contributorId":96450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Van Gelder, E.","contributorId":94556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gelder","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Massey, J.G.","contributorId":33690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massey","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Atkinson, C. T.","contributorId":29349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70025182,"text":"70025182 - 2003 - Stratigraphic framework of sediment-starved sand ridges on a mixed siliciclastic/carbonate inner shelf; west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-16T10:12:39","indexId":"70025182","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic framework of sediment-starved sand ridges on a mixed siliciclastic/carbonate inner shelf; west-central Florida","docAbstract":"Seismic reflection profiles and vibracores have revealed that an inner shelf, sand-ridge field has developed over the past few thousand years situated on an elevated, broad bedrock terrace. This terrace extends seaward of a major headland associated with the modern barrier-island coastline of west-central Florida. The overall geologic setting is a low-energy, sediment-starved, mixed siliciclastic/carbonate inner continental shelf supporting a thin sedimentary veneer. This veneer is arranged in a series of subparallel, shore-oblique, and to a minor extent, shore-parallel sand ridges. Seven major facies are present beneath the ridges, including a basal Neogene limestone gravel facies and a blue-green clay facies indicative of dominantly authigenic sedimentation. A major sequence boundary separates these older units from Holocene age, organic-rich mud facies (marsh), which grades upward into a muddy sand facies (lagoon or shallow open shelf/seagrass meadows). Cores reveal that the muddy shelf facies is either in sharp contact or grades upward into a shelly sand facies (ravinement or sudden termination of seagrass meadows). The shelly sand facies grades upward to a mixed siliciclastic/carbonate facies, which forms the sand ridges themselves. This mixed siliciclastic/carbonate facies differs from the sediment on the beach and shoreface, suggesting insignificant sediment exchange between the offshore ridges and the modern coastline. Additionally, the lack of early Holocene, pre-ridge facies in the troughs between the ridges suggests that the ridges themselves do not migrate laterally extensively. Radiocarbon dating has indicated that these sand ridges can form relatively quickly (???1.3 ka) on relatively low-energy inner shelves once open-marine conditions are available, and that frequent, high-energy, storm-dominated conditions are not necessarily required. We suggest that the two inner shelf depositional models presented (open-shelf vs. migrating barrier-island) may have co-existed spatially and/or temporally to explain the distribution of facies and vertical facies contacts. ?? 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00183-X","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Edwards, J., Harrison, S.E., Locker, S., Hine, A.C., and Twichell, D., 2003, Stratigraphic framework of sediment-starved sand ridges on a mixed siliciclastic/carbonate inner shelf; west-central Florida: Marine Geology, v. 200, no. 1-4, p. 195-217, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00183-X.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"217","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209584,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00183-X"}],"volume":"200","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b990be4b08c986b31c202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, J.H.","contributorId":96467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, S. E.","contributorId":87976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Locker, S. D.","contributorId":81532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locker","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hine, A. C.","contributorId":21197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hine","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Twichell, D.C.","contributorId":84304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025181,"text":"70025181 - 2003 - Unusually large earthquakes inferred from tsunami deposits along the Kuril trench","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70025181","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unusually large earthquakes inferred from tsunami deposits along the Kuril trench","docAbstract":"The Pacific plate converges with northeastern Eurasia at a rate of 8-9 m per century along the Kamchatka, Kuril and Japan trenches. Along the southern Kuril trench, which faces the Japanese island of Hokkaido, this fast subduction has recurrently generated earthquakes with magnitudes of up to ???8 over the past two centuries. These historical events, on rupture segments 100-200 km long, have been considered characteristic of Hokkaido's plate-boundary earthquakes. But here we use deposits of prehistoric tsunamis to infer the infrequent occurrence of larger earthquakes generated from longer ruptures. Many of these tsunami deposits form sheets of sand that extend kilometres inland from the deposits of historical tsunamis. Stratigraphic series of extensive sand sheets, intercalated with dated volcanic-ash layers, show that such unusually large tsunamis occurred about every 500 years on average over the past 2,000-7,000 years, most recently ???350 years ago. Numerical simulations of these tsunamis are best explained by earthquakes that individually rupture multiple segments along the southern Kuril trench. We infer that such multi-segment earthquakes persistently recur among a larger number of single-segment events.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature01864","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Nanayama, F., Satake, K., Furukawa, R., Shimokawa, K., Atwater, B., Shigeno, K., and Yamaki, S., 2003, Unusually large earthquakes inferred from tsunami deposits along the Kuril trench: Nature, v. 424, no. 6949, p. 660-663, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01864.","startPage":"660","endPage":"663","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209583,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01864"},{"id":236213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"424","issue":"6949","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd09e4b08c986b328e99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nanayama, F.","contributorId":77340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanayama","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Satake, K.","contributorId":53124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Satake","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Furukawa, R.","contributorId":45098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furukawa","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shimokawa, K.","contributorId":29614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shimokawa","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Atwater, B.F. 0000-0003-1155-2815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":14006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"B.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shigeno, K.","contributorId":88927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shigeno","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yamaki, S.","contributorId":54379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamaki","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70025180,"text":"70025180 - 2003 - Geochronology and eruptive history of the Katmai volcanic cluster, Alaska Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-26T12:40:32","indexId":"70025180","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochronology and eruptive history of the Katmai volcanic cluster, Alaska Peninsula","docAbstract":"

In the Katmai district of the Alaska Peninsula, K–Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages have been determined for a dozen andesite–dacite stratocones on the arc front and for 11 rear-arc volcanoes, 10 of which are monogenetic. Tied to mapping and stratigraphic studies, our dating emphasized proximal basal lavas that rest on basement rocks, in order to estimate ages of inception of each polygenetic cone. Oldest among arc-front cones is Alagogshak Volcano (690–43 ka), succeeded in the Holocene by the active Mount Martin cone. Mount Mageik consists of four overlapping subedifices, basal lavas of which give ages of 93, 71, and 59 ka, and Holocene. The three small prehistoric cones of Trident Volcano yield ages of 143, 101–58, and 44 ka. Falling Mountain and Mount Cerberus, dacite domes near the 1912 Novarupta vent, are related compositionally to the Trident group and give ages of 70 ka and 114 ka. Mount Katmai, which underwent caldera collapse in 1912, consists of two subedifices that overlapped in space and time, and is the only arc-front center here to include basalt and rhyolite; one cone began by 90 ka, the other by 47 ka. Snowy Mountain also consists of two contiguous cones, which started around 200 and 171 ka, respectively, the younger remaining active into the Holocene. Devils Desk, the only mafic cone on the arc front, was short-lived at about 245 ka. In the rear-arc, (1) Mount Griggs produced mafic-to-silicic andesite in several episodes between 292 ka and the Holocene; (2) the Savonoski River cluster includes a Pliocene dacite dome and five small mafic cones (390–88 ka); (3) Gertrude Creek cone (49.8% SiO2) yields an age of 500 ka; and (4) the Saddlehorn Creek cluster includes five Pliocene basalt-to-andesite remnants. Eruptive volumes were reconstructed, permitting estimates of average eruption rates for edifice lifetimes. Since the mid Pleistocene, total volume erupted along the arc front here is 210±47 km3 and in the rear-arc 39±6 km3, of which Mount Griggs alone accounts for 35±5 km3. Most productive has been Mount Katmai at 70±18 km3, yielding a rate of ∼1 km3/kyr, followed by Mount Mageik (0.33 km3/kyr) and Mount Griggs (0.3 km3/kyr since 50 ka).

\n
\n

 

\n
","language":"English","publisher":"North-Holland Pub. Co.","doi":"10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00321-2","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W., Lanphere, M.A., and Fierstein, J., 2003, Geochronology and eruptive history of the Katmai volcanic cluster, Alaska Peninsula: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 214, no. 1-2, p. 93-114, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00321-2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236178,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.20361328125,\n 57.70414723434193\n ],\n [\n -156.20361328125,\n 58.87058467868075\n ],\n [\n -153.6767578125,\n 58.87058467868075\n ],\n [\n -153.6767578125,\n 57.70414723434193\n ],\n [\n -156.20361328125,\n 57.70414723434193\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"214","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1731e4b0c8380cd55404","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, Wes 0000-0002-7925-4251 hildreth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":2221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Wes","email":"hildreth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":404126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fierstein, Judy jfierstn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"Judy","email":"jfierstn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025179,"text":"70025179 - 2003 - Near-field postseismic deformation associated with the 1992 Landers and 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70025179","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-field postseismic deformation associated with the 1992 Landers and 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquakes","docAbstract":"After the Landers earthquake (Mw = 7.3, 1992.489) a linear array of 10 monuments extending about 30 km N50??E on either side of the earthquake rupture plus a nearby offtrend reference monument were surveyed frequently by GPS until 2003.2. The array also spans the rupture of the subsequent Hector Mine earthquake (Mw = 7.1, 1999.792 . The pre-Landers velocities of monuments in the array relative to interior North America were estimated from earlier trilateration and very long baseline interferometry measurements. Except at the reference monument, the post-Landers velocities of the individual monuments in the array relaxed to their preseismic values within 4 years. Following the Hector Mine earthquake the velocities of the monuments relaxed to steady rates within 1 year. Those steady rates for the east components are about equal to the pre-Landers rates as is the steady rate for the north component of the one monument east of the Hector Mine rupture. However, the steady rates for the north components of the 10 monuments west of the rupture are systematically ???10 mm yr1 larger than the pre-Landers rates. The relaxation to a steady rate is approximately exponential with decay times of 0.50 ?? 0.10 year following the Landers earthquake and 0.32 ?? 0.18 year following the Hector Mine earthquake. The postearthquake motions of the Landers array following the Landers earthquake are not well approximated by the viscoelastic-coupling model of Pollitz et al. [2000]. A similar viscoelastic-coupling model [Pollitz et al., 2001] is more successful in representing the deformation after the Hector Mine earthquake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., Svarc, J.L., and Prescott, W., 2003, Near-field postseismic deformation associated with the 1992 Landers and 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquakes: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 108, no. 9.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a63e0e4b0c8380cd7274f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Svarc, J. L.","contributorId":75995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025178,"text":"70025178 - 2003 - From the frog's mouth: Buccal swabs for collection of DNA from amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70025178","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From the frog's mouth: Buccal swabs for collection of DNA from amphibians","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0018084X","usgsCitation":"Goldberg, C., Kaplan, M., and Schwalbe, C., 2003, From the frog's mouth: Buccal swabs for collection of DNA from amphibians: Herpetological Review, v. 34, no. 3, p. 220-221.","startPage":"220","endPage":"221","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1400e4b0c8380cd54876","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldberg, C.S.","contributorId":39551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaplan, M.E.","contributorId":106675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwalbe, C.R.","contributorId":35259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025177,"text":"70025177 - 2003 - Alligator ridge district, East-Central Nevada: Carlin-type gold mineralization at shallow depths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-27T18:53:56.306375","indexId":"70025177","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alligator ridge district, East-Central Nevada: Carlin-type gold mineralization at shallow depths","docAbstract":"

Carlin-type deposits in the Alligator Ridge mining district are present sporadically for 40 km along the north-striking Mooney Basin fault system but are restricted to a 250-m interval of Devonian to Mississippian strata. Their age is bracketed between silicified ca. 45 Ma sedimentary rocks and unaltered 36.5 to 34 Ma volcanic rocks. The silicification is linked to the deposits by its continuity with ore-grade silicification in Devonian-Mississippian strata and by its similar δ 18O values (_e1∼17‰) and trace element signature (As, Sb, Tl, Hg). Eocene reconstruction indicates that the deposits formed at depths of ≤300 to 800 m. In comparison to most Carlin-type gold deposits, they have lower Au/Ag, Au grades, and contained Au, more abundant jasperoid, and textural evidence from deposition of an amorphous silica precursor in jasperoid. These differences most likely result from their shallow depth of formation. The peak fluid temperature (_e1∼230°C) and large δ 18O H2O value shift from the meteroric water line (_e1∼20‰) suggest that ore fluids were derived from depths of 8 km or more. A magnetotelluric survey indicates that the Mooney Basin fault system penetrates to mid-crustal depths. Deep circulation of meteoric water along the Mooney Basin fault system may have been in response to initial uplift of the East Humboldt-Ruby Mountains metamorphic core complex; convection also may have been promoted by increased heat flow associated with large magnitude extension in the core complex and regional magmatism. Ore fluids ascended along the fault system until they encountered impermeable Devonian and Mississippian shales, at which point they moved laterally through permeable strata in the Devonian Guilmette Formation, Devonian-Mississippian Pilot Shale, Mississippian Joana Limestone, and Mississippian Chainman Shale toward erosional windows where they ascended into Eocene fluvial conglomerates and lake sediments. Most gold precipitated by sulfidation of host-rock Fe and mixing with local ground water in zones of lateral fluid flow in reactive strata, such as the Lower Devonian-Mississippian Pilot Shale.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.98.6.1225","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Nutt, C., and Hofstra, A., 2003, Alligator ridge district, East-Central Nevada: Carlin-type gold mineralization at shallow depths: Economic Geology, v. 98, no. 6, p. 1225-1241, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.98.6.1225.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1225","endPage":"1241","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e96be4b0c8380cd4828a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nutt, C.J.","contributorId":52577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nutt","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, A. H. 0000-0002-2450-1593","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":41426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025173,"text":"70025173 - 2003 - Nuclear transfer of synchronized African wild cat somatic cells into enucleated domestic cat oocytes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70025173","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1033,"text":"Biology of Reproduction","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nuclear transfer of synchronized African wild cat somatic cells into enucleated domestic cat oocytes","docAbstract":"The African wild cat is one of the smallest wild cats and its future is threatened by hybridization with domestic cats. Nuclear transfer, a valuable tool for retaining genetic variability, offers the possibility of species continuation rather than extinction. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of somatic cell nuclei of the African wild cat (AWC) to dedifferentiate within domestic cat (DSH) cytoplasts and to support early development after nuclear transplantation. In experiment 1, distributions of AWC and DSH fibroblasts in each cell-cycle phase were assessed by flow cytometry using cells cultured to confluency and disaggregated with pronase, trypsin, or mechanical separation. Trypsin (89.0%) and pronase (93.0%) yielded higher proportions of AWC nuclei in the G0/G1 phase than mechanical separation (82.0%). In contrast, mechanical separation yielded higher percentages of DSH nuclei in the G0/G1 phase (86.6%) than pronase (79.7%) or trypsin (74.2%) treatments. In both species, pronase induced less DNA damage than trypsin. In experiment 2, the effects of serum starvation, culture to confluency, and exposure to roscovitine on the distribution of AWC and DSH fibroblasts in various phases of the cell cycle were determined. Flow cytometry analyses revealed that the dynamics of the cell cycle varied as culture conditions were modified. Specifically, a higher percentage of AWC and DSH nuclei were in the G0/G1 phase after cells were serum starved (83% vs. 96%) than were present in cycling cells (50% vs. 64%), after contact inhibition (61% vs. 88%), or after roscovitine (56% vs. 84%) treatment, respectively. In experiment 3, we evaluated the effects of cell synchronization and oocyte maturation (in vivo vs. in vitro) on the reconstruction and development of AWC-DSH- and DSH-DSH-cloned embryos. The method of cell synchronization did not affect the fusion and cleavage rate because only a slightly higher percentage of fused couplets cleaved when donor nuclei were synchronized by serum starvation (83.0%) than after roscovitine (80.0%) or contact-inhibition (80.0%). The fusion efficiency of in vivo and in vitro matured oocytes used as recipient cytoplasts of AWC donor nuclei (86.6% vs. 85.2%) was similar to the rates obtained with DSH donor nuclei, 83.7% vs. 73.0%, respectively. The only significant effect of source of donor nucleus (AWC vs. DSH) was on the rate of blastocyst formation in vitro. A higher percentage of the embryos derived from AWC nuclei developed to the blastocyst stage than did embryos produced from DSH nuclei, 24.2% vs. 3.3%, respectively (P < 0.05). In experiment 4, the effect of calcium in the fusion medium on induction of oocyte activation and development of AWC-DSH-cloned embryos was determined. The presence of calcium in the fusion medium induced a high incidence of cleavage of DSH oocytes (54.3%), while oocyte cleavage frequency was much lower in the absence of calcium (16.6%). The presence or absence of calcium in the fusion medium did not affect the fusion, cleavage, and blastocyst development of AWC-DSH-cloned embryos. In experiment 5, AWC-DSH-cloned embryos were transferred to the uteri of 11 synchronized domestic cat recipients on Day 6 or 7 after oocyte aspiration. Recipients were assessed by ultrasonography on Day 21 postovulation, but no pregnancies were observed. In the present study, after NT, AWC donor nuclei were able to dedifferentiate in DSH cytoplasts and support high rates of blastocyst development in vitro. Incomplete reprogramming of the differentiated nucleus may be a major constraint to the in vivo developmental potential of the embryos.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biology of Reproduction","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1095/biolreprod.102.014449","issn":"00063363","usgsCitation":"Gomez, M., Jenkins, J., Giraldo, A., Harris, R., King, A., Dresser, B., and Pope, C., 2003, Nuclear transfer of synchronized African wild cat somatic cells into enucleated domestic cat oocytes: Biology of Reproduction, v. 69, no. 3, p. 1032-1041, https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.102.014449.","startPage":"1032","endPage":"1041","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487503,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.102.014449","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209516,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.102.014449"},{"id":236062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a68d3e4b0c8380cd739fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomez, M.C.","contributorId":67704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenkins, J.A. 0000-0002-5087-0894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":51703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giraldo, A.","contributorId":58826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giraldo","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, R.F.","contributorId":66044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, A.","contributorId":68521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dresser, B.L.","contributorId":56841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dresser","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pope, C.E.","contributorId":96064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70025170,"text":"70025170 - 2003 - Arsenic speciation and reactivity in poultry litter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T10:51:09","indexId":"70025170","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic speciation and reactivity in poultry litter","docAbstract":"

Recent U.S. government action to lower the maximum concentration levels (MCL) of total arsenic (As) (10 ppb) in drinking water has raised serious concerns about the agricultural use of As-containing biosolids such as poultry litter (PL). In this study, solid-state chemical speciation, desorbability, and total levels of As in PL and long-term amended soils were investigated using novel synchrotron-based probing techniques (microfocused (μ) synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) and μ-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopies) coupled with chemical digestion and batch experiments. The total As levels in the PL were as high as ≈50 mg kg-1, and As(II/III and V) was always concentrated in abundant needle-shaped microscopic particles (≈20 μm × 850 μm) associated with Ca, Cu, and Fe and to a lesser extent with S, Cl, and Zn. Post-edge XANES features of litter particles are dissimilar to those of the organo-As(V) compound in poultry feed (i.e., roxarsone), suggesting possible degradation/transformation of roxarsone in the litter and/or in poultry digestive tracts. The extent of As desorption from the litter increased with increasing time and pH from 4.5 to 7, but at most 15% of the total As was released after 5 d at pH 7, indicating the presence of insoluble phases and/or strongly retained soluble compounds. No significant As accumulation (<15 mg kg-1) was found in long-term PL-amended agricultural surface soils. This suggests that As in the PL may have undergone surface and subsurface transport processes. Our research results raise concerns about long-term PL amendment effects on As contamination in surrounding soil−water environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es0340580","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Arai, Y., Lanzirotti, A., Sutton, S., Davis, J., and Sparks, D., 2003, Arsenic speciation and reactivity in poultry litter: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 37, no. 18, p. 4083-4090, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0340580.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4083","endPage":"4090","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209486,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0340580"}],"volume":"37","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed96e4b0c8380cd498c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arai, Y.","contributorId":59214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arai","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanzirotti, A.","contributorId":52772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanzirotti","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutton, S.","contributorId":33506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sparks, D.L.","contributorId":94072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparks","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025169,"text":"70025169 - 2003 - Mapping Shoreline Change Using Digital Orthophotogrammetry on Maui, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70025169","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mapping Shoreline Change Using Digital Orthophotogrammetry on Maui, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Digital, aerial orthophotomosaics with 0.5-3.0 m horizontal accuracy, used with NOAA topographic maps (T-sheets), document past shoreline positions on Maui Island, Hawaii. Outliers in the shoreline position database are determined using a least median of squares regression. Least squares linear regression of the reweighted data (outliers excluded) is used to determine a shoreline trend termed the reweighted linear squares (RLS). To determine the annual erosion hazard rate (AEHR) for use by shoreline managers the RLS data is smoothed in the longshore direction using a weighted moving average five transects wide with the smoothed rate applied to the center transect. Weightings within each five transect group are 1,3,5,3,1. AEHR's (smoothed RLS values) are plotted on a 1:3000 map series for use by shoreline managers and planners. These maps are displayed on the web for public reference at http://www.co.maui.hi.us/ departments/Planning/erosion.htm. An end-point rate of change is also calculated using the earliest T-sheet and the latest collected shoreline (1997 or 2002). The resulting database consists of 3565 separate erosion rates spaced every 20 m along 90 km of sandy shoreline. Three regions are analyzed: Kihei, West Maui, and North Shore coasts. The Kihei Coast has an average AEHR of about 0.3 m/yr, an end point rate (EPR) of 0.2 m/yr, 2.8 km of beach loss and 19 percent beach narrowing in the period 1949-1997. Over the same period the West Maui coast has an average AEHR of about 0.2 m/yr, an average EPR of about 0.2 m/yr, about 4.5 km of beach loss and 25 percent beach narrowing. The North Shore has an average AEHR of about 0.4 m/yr, an average EPR of about 0.3 m/yr, 0.8 km of beach loss and 15 percent beach narrowing. The mean, island-wide EPR of eroding shorelines is 0.24 m/yr and the average AEHR of eroding shorelines is about 0.3 m/yr. The overall shoreline change rate, erosion and accretion included, as measured using the unsmoothed RLS technique is 0.21 m/yr. Island wide changes in beach width show a 19 percent decrease over the period 1949/ 1950 to 1997/2002. Island-wide, about 8 km of dry beach has been lost since 1949 (i.e., high water against hard engineering structures and natural rock substrate).","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Fletcher, C., Rooney, J., Barbee, M., Lim, S., and Richmond, B., 2003, Mapping Shoreline Change Using Digital Orthophotogrammetry on Maui, Hawaii, in Journal of Coastal Research, no. SPEC. ISS. 38, p. 106-124.","startPage":"106","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235989,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"SPEC. ISS. 38","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5049e4b0c8380cd6b59d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fletcher, C.","contributorId":49580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rooney, J.","contributorId":78516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rooney","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbee, M.","contributorId":16632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbee","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lim, S.-C.","contributorId":49967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lim","given":"S.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richmond, B.","contributorId":78117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025168,"text":"70025168 - 2003 - Location of seismic events and eruptive fissures on the Piton de la Fournaise volcano using seismic amplitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025168","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Location of seismic events and eruptive fissures on the Piton de la Fournaise volcano using seismic amplitudes","docAbstract":"We present a method for locating the source of seismic events on Piton de la Fournaise. The method is based on seismic amplitudes corrected for station site effects using coda site amplification factors. Once corrected, the spatial distribution of amplitudes shows smooth and simple contours for many types of events, including rockfalls, long-period events and eruption tremor. On the basis of the simplicity of these distributions we develop inversion methods for locating their origins. To achieve this, the decrease of the amplitude as a function of the distance to the source is approximated by the decay either of surface or body waves in a homogeneous medium. The method is effective for locating rockfalls, long-period events, and eruption tremor sources. The sources of eruption tremor are usually found to be located at shallow depth and close to the eruptive fissures. Because of this, our method is a useful tool for locating fissures at the beginning of eruptions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Battaglia, J., and Aki, K., 2003, Location of seismic events and eruptive fissures on the Piton de la Fournaise volcano using seismic amplitudes: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 108, no. 8.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4925e4b0c8380cd683b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglia, J.","contributorId":31947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aki, K.","contributorId":50303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aki","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025167,"text":"70025167 - 2003 - Landscape scale vegetation-type conversion and fire hazard in the San Francisco bay area open spaces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025167","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2603,"text":"Landscape and Urban Planning","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape scale vegetation-type conversion and fire hazard in the San Francisco bay area open spaces","docAbstract":"Successional pressures resulting from fire suppression and reduced grazing have resulted in vegetation-type conversion in the open spaces surrounding the urbanized areas of the San Francisco bay area. Coverage of various vegetation types were sampled on seven sites using a chronosequence of remote images in order to measure change over time. Results suggest a significant conversion of grassland to shrubland dominated by Baccharis pilularison five of the seven sites sampled. An increase in Pseudotsuga menziesii coverage was also measured on the sites where it was present. Increases fuel and fire hazard were determined through field sampling and use of the FARSITE fire area simulator. A significant increase in biomass resulting from succession of grass-dominated to shrub-dominated communities was evident. In addition, results from the FARSITE simulations indicated significantly higher fire-line intensity, and flame length associated with shrublands over all other vegetation types sampled. These results indicate that the replacement of grass dominated with shrub-dominated landscapes has increased the probability of high intensity fires. ?? 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape and Urban Planning","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00233-5","issn":"01692046","usgsCitation":"Russell, W.H., and McBride, J.R., 2003, Landscape scale vegetation-type conversion and fire hazard in the San Francisco bay area open spaces: Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 64, no. 4, p. 201-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00233-5.","startPage":"201","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209473,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00233-5"},{"id":235954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a441de4b0c8380cd66889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, William H.","contributorId":77328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McBride, Joe R.","contributorId":23724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025166,"text":"70025166 - 2003 - Sources of global warming of the upper ocean on decadal period scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025166","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of global warming of the upper ocean on decadal period scales","docAbstract":"Recent studies find global climate variability in the upper ocean and lower atmosphere during the twentieth century dominated by quasi-biennial, interannual, quasi-decadal and interdecadal signals. The quasi-decadal signal in upper ocean temperature undergoes global warming/cooling of ???0.1??C, similar to that occuring with the interannual signal (i.e., El Nin??o-Southern Oscillation), both signals dominated by global warming/cooling in the tropics. From the National Centers for Environmental Prediction troposphere reanalysis and Scripps Institution of Oceanography upper ocean temperature reanalysis we examine the quasi-decadal global tropical diabetic heat storage (DHS) budget from 1975 to 2000. We find the anomalous DHS warming tendency of 0.3-0.9 W m-2 driven principally by a downward global tropical latent-plus-sensible heat flux anomaly into the ocean, overwhelming the tendency by weaker upward shortwave-minus-longwave heat flux anomaly to drive an anomalous DHS cooling tendency. During the peak quasi-decadal warming the estimated dissipation of DHS anomaly of 0.2-0.5 W m-2 into the deep ocean and a similar loss to the overlying atmosphere through air-sea heat flux anomaly are balanced by a decrease in the net poleward Ekman heat advection out of the tropics of 0.4-0.7 W m-2. This scenario is nearly the opposite of that accounting for global tropical warming during the El Nin??o. These diagnostics confirm that even though the global quasi-decadal signal is phase-locked to the 11-year signal in the Sun's surface radiative forcing of ???0.1 W m-2, the anomalous global tropical DHS tendency cannot be driven by it directly.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"White, W.B., Dettinger, M.D., and Cayan, D., 2003, Sources of global warming of the upper ocean on decadal period scales: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 108, no. 8, p. 4-1.","startPage":"4","endPage":"1","numberOfPages":"-2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b937be4b08c986b31a4f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Warren B.","contributorId":26111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}