{"pageNumber":"2880","pageRowStart":"71975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70025899,"text":"70025899 - 2003 - Variance in prey abundance influences time budgets of breeding seabirds: Evidence from pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T09:35:22","indexId":"70025899","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variance in prey abundance influences time budgets of breeding seabirds: Evidence from pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba","docAbstract":"We use data on pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba to test the hypothesis that discretionary time in breeding seabirds is correlated with variance in prey abundance. We measured the amount of time that guillemots spent at the colony before delivering fish to chicks (\"resting time\") in relation to fish abundance as measured by beach seines and bottom trawls. Radio telemetry showed that resting time was inversely correlated with time spent diving for fish during foraging trips (r = -0.95). Pigeon guillemots fed their chicks either Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus, a schooling midwater fish, which exhibited high interannual variance in abundance (CV = 181%), or a variety of non-schooling demersal fishes, which were less variable in abundance (average CV = 111%). Average resting times were 46% higher at colonies where schooling prey dominated the diet. Individuals at these colonies reduced resting times 32% during years of low food abundance, but did not reduce meal delivery rates. In contrast, individuals feeding on non-schooling fishes did not reduce resting times during low food years, but did reduce meal delivery rates by 27%. Interannual variance in resting times was greater for the schooling group than for the non-schooling group. We conclude from these differences that time allocation in pigeon guillemots is more flexible when variable schooling prey dominate diets. Resting times were also 27% lower for individuals feeding two-chick rather than one-chick broods. The combined effects of diet and brood size on adult time budgets may help to explain higher rates of brood reduction for pigeon guillemot chicks fed non-schooling fishes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Avian Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1034/j.1600-048X.2003.02995.x","issn":"09088857","usgsCitation":"Litzow, M.A., and Piatt, J.F., 2003, Variance in prey abundance influences time budgets of breeding seabirds: Evidence from pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 34, no. 1, p. 54-64, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-048X.2003.02995.x.","startPage":"54","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208751,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-048X.2003.02995.x"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc14ce4b08c986b32a4fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Litzow, Michael A.","contributorId":8789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litzow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":407001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025898,"text":"70025898 - 2003 - Role of arachidonic acid and protein kinase C during maturation-inducing hormone-dependent meiotic resumption and ovulation in ovarian follicles of Atlantic croaker","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70025898","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1033,"text":"Biology of Reproduction","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of arachidonic acid and protein kinase C during maturation-inducing hormone-dependent meiotic resumption and ovulation in ovarian follicles of Atlantic croaker","docAbstract":"The roles of arachidonic acid (AA) and protein kinase C (PKC) during in vitro maturation-inducing hormone (MIH)-dependent meiotic resumption (maturation) and ovulation were studied in ovarian follicles of Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus). The requirement for cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolites of AA was examined using a nonspecific COX inhibitor, indomethacin (IM), as well as two COX products, prostaglandin (PG) F2?? and PGE2, whereas the role of lipoxygenase (LOX) was investigated using a specific LOX inhibitor, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). The involvement of PKC was examined using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, as well as GF109203X (GF), a specific inhibitor of PKC and 1-(5-isoquin- olinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H7), nonspecific inhibitor of protein kinases. Genomic mechanisms were examined with the transcription-inhibitor actinomycin D (ActD) and the functionality of heterologous (oocyte-granulosa) gap junctions (GJ) with a dye transfer assay. The AA (100 ??M) and PGF2?? (5 ??M) did not induce maturation, and NDGA (10 ??M) did not affect MIH-dependent maturation. However, IM (100 ??M) partially inhibited MIH-dependent maturation. Conversely, AA and both PGs induced, and IM and NDGA inhibited, MIH-dependent ovulation in matured follicles. The PMA (1 ??g/ml) did not induce maturation but caused ovulation in matured follicles, whereas PKC inhibitors (GF, 5 ??M; H7, 50??M) did not affect MIH-dependent maturation but inhibited MIH- and PMA-dependent ovulation. The PMA-dependent ovulation was inhibited by IM but not by NDGA. In addition, ActD (5 ??M) blocked MIH-dependent, but not PMA-dependent, ovulation, and PGF2?? restored MIH-dependent ovulation in ActD-blocked follicles. The AA and PGs did not induce, and GF did not inhibit, MIH-dependent heterologous GJ uncoupling. In conclusion, AA and PKC mediate MIH-dependent ovulation but not meiotic resumption or heterologous GJ uncoupling in croaker follicles, but a permissive role of COX products of AA during maturation is possible. A novel model of MIH-dependent ovulation is proposed in which 1) LOX and COX metabolites of AA are both required for ovulation, but at upstream and downstream sites of the pathway, respectively, relative to PKC, and 2) PKC is downstream of genomic activation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biology of Reproduction","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1095/biolreprod.102.009662","issn":"00063363","usgsCitation":"Patino, R., Yoshizaki, G., Bolamba, D., and Thomas, P., 2003, Role of arachidonic acid and protein kinase C during maturation-inducing hormone-dependent meiotic resumption and ovulation in ovarian follicles of Atlantic croaker: Biology of Reproduction, v. 68, no. 2, p. 516-523, https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.102.009662.","startPage":"516","endPage":"523","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208750,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.102.009662"},{"id":234718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae40e4b0c8380cd8705e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patino, R.","contributorId":39915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yoshizaki, G.","contributorId":74488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoshizaki","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bolamba, D.","contributorId":104670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolamba","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, P.","contributorId":59185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025753,"text":"70025753 - 2003 - Arsenic behavior in newly drilled wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:33","indexId":"70025753","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Arsenic behavior in newly drilled wells","docAbstract":"In the present paper, inorganic arsenic species and chemical parameters in groundwater were determined to investigate the factors related to the distribution of arsenic species and their dissolution from rock into groundwater. For the study, groundwater and core samples were taken at different depths of two newly drilled wells in Huron and Lapeer Counties, Michigan. Results show that total arsenic concentrations in the core samples varied, ranging from 0.8 to 70.7 mg/kg. Iron concentration in rock was about 1800 times higher than that of arsenic, and there was no correlation between arsenic and iron occurrences in the rock samples. Arsenic concentrations in groundwater ranged from <1 to 171 ??g/l. The arsenic concentration in groundwater depended on the amount of arsenic in aquifer rocks, and as well decreased with increasing depth. Over 90% of arsenic existed in the form of As(III), implying that the groundwater systems were in the reduced condition. The results such as high ferrous ion, low redox potential and low dissolved oxygen supported the observed arsenic species distribution. There was no noticeable difference in the total arsenic concentration and arsenic species ratio between unfiltered and filtered (0.45 ??m) waters, indicating that the particulate form of arsenic was negligible in the groundwater samples. There were correlations between water sampling depth and chemical parameters, and between arsenic concentration and chemical parameters, however, the trends were not always consistent in both wells. ?? 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Chemosphere","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00244-3","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Kim, M., Nriagu, J., and Haack, S., 2003, Arsenic behavior in newly drilled wells, in Chemosphere, v. 52, no. 3, p. 623-633, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00244-3.","startPage":"623","endPage":"633","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208788,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00244-3"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed8be4b0c8380cd49885","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, M.-J.","contributorId":12229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"M.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nriagu, J.","contributorId":13399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nriagu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haack, S.","contributorId":66878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025895,"text":"70025895 - 2003 - A delayed action oscillator shared by biennial, interannual, and decadal signals in the Pacific Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70025895","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A delayed action oscillator shared by biennial, interannual, and decadal signals in the Pacific Basin","docAbstract":"Biennial, interannual, and decadal signals in the Pacific basin are observed to share patterns and evolution in covarying sea surface temperature (SST), 18??C isotherm depth (Z18), zonal surface wind (ZSW), and wind stress curl (WSC) anomalies from 1955 to 1999. Each signal has warm SST anomalies propagating slowly eastward along the equator, generating westerly ZSW anomalies in their wake. These westerly ZSW anomalies produce cyclonic WSC anomalies off the equator which pump baroclinic Rossby waves in the western/central tropical North Pacific Ocean. These Rossby waves propagate westward, taking ???6, ???12, and ???36 months to reach the western boundary near ???7??N, ???12??N, and ???18??N on biennial, interannual, and decadal period scales, respectively. There, they reflect as equatorial coupled waves, propagating slowly eastward in covarying SST, Z18, and ZSW anomalies, taking ???6, ???12, and ???24 months to reach the central/eastern equatorial ocean. These equatorial coupled waves produce a delayed-negative feedback to the warm SST anomalies there. The decrease in Rossby wave phase speed with latitude, the increase in meridional scale of equatorial SST anomalies with period scale, and the associated increase in latitude of Rossby wave forcing are consistent with the delayed action oscillator (DAO) model used to explain El Nin??o. However, this is not true of the western-boundary reflection of Rossby waves into slow equatorial coupled waves. This requires modification of the extant DAO model. We construct a modified DAO model, demonstrating how the various mechanisms and the size and sources of their delays yield the resulting frequency of each signal.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"White, W.B., Tourre, Y., Barlow, M., and Dettinger, M., 2003, A delayed action oscillator shared by biennial, interannual, and decadal signals in the Pacific Basin: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 108, no. 3, p. 15-1.","startPage":"15","endPage":"1","numberOfPages":"-13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3ade4b0c8380cd46187","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Warren B.","contributorId":26111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tourre, Y.M.","contributorId":46739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tourre","given":"Y.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlow, M.","contributorId":105029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, M. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":78909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025754,"text":"70025754 - 2003 - Geomedia: Mapping Colorado at a fine scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:32","indexId":"70025754","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1829,"text":"Geotimes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomedia: Mapping Colorado at a fine scale","docAbstract":"Currently, only 24 percent of Colorado's spectacular geology has been mapped at the fine scale of 1:24,000. At the same time, the state hosts many geologic hazards. Most maps of Colorado are at much broader scales, failing to show detail of basic geology crucial to safe engineering and building practices in a state that had the third-fastest-growing population during the 1990s. And the 2000 Census showed that the state, despite some economic woes, remains one of the fastest growing. Detailed geologic maps also aid the mineral industries that help fuel such growth. Since 1992, the Colorado Geological Survey (CGS) has mapped 1:24,000-scale quadrangles in high-impact areas under the STATEMAP component of the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program. In 2002, CGS completed its 43rd geologic quadrangle map. The long-range plan for the state is to complete 116 high-priority quadrangles in the next 15 years. The survey's approach is to select rapidly growing areas with relatively high potential for hazards and map contiguous quadrangles. In addition to mapping bedrock, CGS geologists have mapped the Quaternary deposits at the surface. Understanding these deposits is extremely important for implementing sound engineering practices because of potential for subsidence and landslides. The CGS mapping has not only yielded information about potential hazards, but also advanced scientific understanding of the state.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotimes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00168556","usgsCitation":"Orndorff, R., 2003, Geomedia: Mapping Colorado at a fine scale: Geotimes, v. 48, no. 4, p. 36-37.","startPage":"36","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2764e4b0c8380cd59845","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orndorff, R.","contributorId":86945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70025893,"text":"70025893 - 2003 - Effects of brevetoxins on murine myeloma SP2/O cells: Aberrant cellular division","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70025893","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2078,"text":"International Journal of Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of brevetoxins on murine myeloma SP2/O cells: Aberrant cellular division","docAbstract":"Massive deaths of manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) during the red tide seasons have been attributed to brevetoxins produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (formerly Ptychodiscus breve and Gymnodinium breve). Although these toxins have been found in macrophages and lymphocytes in the lung, liver, and secondary lymphoid tissues of these animals, the molecular mechanisms of brevetoxicosis have not yet been identified. To investigate the effects of brevetoxins on immune cells, a murine myeloma cell line (SP2/O) was used as a model for in vitro studies. By adding brevetoxins to cultures of the SP2/O cells at concentrations ranging from 20 to 600 ng/ml, an apparent increase in proliferation was observed at around 2 hours post challenge as compared to the unchallenged cell cultures. This was followed by a drop in cell number at around 3 hours, suggesting an aberrant effect of brevetoxins on cellular division, the cells generated at 2 hours being apparently short-lived. In situ immunochemical staining of the SP2/O cells at 1 and 2 hour post challenge showed an accumulation of the toxins in the nucleus. A 21-kDa protein was subsequently isolated from the SP2/O cells as having brevetoxin-binding properties, and immunologically identified as p21, a nuclear factor known to down-regulate cellular proliferation through inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases. These data are the first on a possible effect of brevetoxins on the cell cycle via binding to p21, a phenomenon that needs to be further investigated and validated in normal immune cells.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10915810305095","issn":"10915818","usgsCitation":"Han, T., Derby, M., Martin, D., Wright, S., and Dao, M., 2003, Effects of brevetoxins on murine myeloma SP2/O cells: Aberrant cellular division: International Journal of Toxicology, v. 22, no. 2, p. 73-80, https://doi.org/10.1080/10915810305095.","startPage":"73","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208691,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810305095"},{"id":234611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a069ce4b0c8380cd51325","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Han, T.K.","contributorId":72180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derby, M.","contributorId":80472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derby","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, D.F.","contributorId":24537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, S.D.","contributorId":19660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dao, M.L.","contributorId":69756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dao","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025885,"text":"70025885 - 2003 - Temporal connectivity in a prairie pothole complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:51:00","indexId":"70025885","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal connectivity in a prairie pothole complex","docAbstract":"

A number of studies have noted the occurrence of intermittent surface-water connections between depressional wetlands in general and prairie potholes in particular. Yet, the ecological implications of such connections remain largely unexplored. In 1995, we observed spillage into and out of a North Dakota wetland during two field visits. Between May 3 and May 26, there was a positive relationship between specific conductance and water level at this site, suggesting an external source of dissolved ions. We estimated that specific conductance may have increased at the site by as much as 614 μS cm−1 due to spillage from the upslope wetland. Based on a spatial analysis that compared National Wetlands Inventory maps with 1996 color infrared imagery, we estimated that 28% of the area’s wetlands had a temporary surface water connection to at least one other wetland at that time, including one complex of 14 interconnected wetlands. These results indicate that the connectivity observed in 1995 was not confined to the two wetlands nor to that single year. The degree of connectivity we observed would be expected to occur during the wetter portions of the region’s 20-year wet-dry cycle. We hypothesize that intermittent surface-water connections between wetlands occur throughout the prairie pothole region. Given patterns in relief and precipitation, these connections most likely would have occurred in the eastern portion of the prairie pothole region. However, wetland drainage may have altered historical patterns. The implication of these spatial and temporal trends is that surface-water connections between depressional wetlands should be viewed as a probability event that has some distribution over time and space. We refer to connections that are impermanent, temporally discontinuous, or sporadic as temporal connectivity. The most intriguing feature of these temporary connections may be that they could affect biodiversity or population dynamics through transport of individuals or reproductive bodies. Research is needed to determine whether these connections actually cause these biological effects and to characterize the distribution and effects of this phenomenon.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2003)023[0013:TCIAPP]2.0.CO;2","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Leibowitz, S., and Vining, K., 2003, Temporal connectivity in a prairie pothole complex: Wetlands, v. 23, no. 1, p. 13-25, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2003)023[0013:TCIAPP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba508e4b08c986b320763","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leibowitz, S.G.","contributorId":66635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leibowitz","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vining, K.C.","contributorId":63424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vining","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025888,"text":"70025888 - 2003 - Infectivity and pathogenicity of the oomycete Aphanomyces invadans in Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-27T15:55:54.293585","indexId":"70025888","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infectivity and pathogenicity of the oomycete Aphanomyces invadans in Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus","docAbstract":"

Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus develop characteristic skin ulcers in response to infection by the oomycete Aphanomyces invadans. To investigate pathogenicity, we conducted a dose response study. Juvenile menhaden were inoculated subcutaneously with 0, 1, 5, 10, 100, and 500 secondary zoospores per fish and monitored for 37 d post-injection (p.i.). Survival rates declined with increasing zoospore dose, with significantly different survivorship curves for the different doses. Moribund and dead fish exhibited characteristic ulcerous lesions at the injection site starting at 13 d p.i. None of the sham-injected control fish (0 zoospore treatment) died. The LD50 (lethal dose killing 50% of exposed menhaden) for inoculated fish was estimated at 9.7 zoospores; however, some fish receiving an estimated single zoospore developed infections that resulted in death. Menhaden were also challenged by aqueous exposure and confirmed that A. invadans was highly pathogenic by this more environmentally realistic route. Fish that were acclimated to culture conditions for 30 d, and presumably free of skin damage, then aqueously exposed to 100 zoospores ml-1, exhibited 14% lesion prevalence with 11% mortality. Net-handled fish that were similarly infected had a significantly higher lesion prevalence (64%) and mortality (64%). Control fish developed no lesions and did not die. Scanning electron microscopy of fish skin indicated that zoospores adhered to intact epidermis, germinated and penetrated the epithelium with a germ tube. Our results indicate that A. invadans is a primary pathogen of menhaden and is able to cause disease at very low zoospore concentrations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao054135","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Kiryu, Y., Shields, J.D., Vogelbein, W.K., Kator, H., and Blazer, V., 2003, Infectivity and pathogenicity of the oomycete Aphanomyces invadans in Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 54, no. 2, p. 135-146, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao054135.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"146","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao054135","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ae1e4b0c8380cd62056","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiryu, Y.","contributorId":108060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kiryu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shields, J. D.","contributorId":95841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shields","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogelbein, W. K.","contributorId":72745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vogelbein","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kator, H.","contributorId":90672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kator","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025755,"text":"70025755 - 2003 - An overview on current fluid-inclusion research and applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T12:08:18","indexId":"70025755","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":644,"text":"Acta Petrologica Sinica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An overview on current fluid-inclusion research and applications","docAbstract":"This paper provides an overview of some of the more important developments in fluid-inclusion research and applications in recent years, including fluid-inclusion petrography, PVTX studies, and analytical techniques. In fluid-inclusion petrography, the introduction of the concept of 'fluid-inclusion assemblage' has been a major advance. In PVTX studies, the use of synthetic fluid inclusions and hydrothermal diamond-anvil cells has greatly contributed to the characterization of the phase behaviour of geologically relevant fluid systems. Various analytical methods are being developed and refined rapidly, with the Laser-Raman and LA-ICP-MS techniques being particularly useful for volatile and solute analyses, respectively. Ore deposit research has been and will continue to be the main field of application of fluid inclusions. However, fluid inclusions have been increasingly applied to other fields of earth science, especially in petroleum geology and the study of magmatic and earth interior processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Acta Petrologica Sinica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"Chinese","issn":"10000569","usgsCitation":"Chi, G., Chou, I., and Lu, H., 2003, An overview on current fluid-inclusion research and applications: Acta Petrologica Sinica, v. 19, no. 2, p. 201-212.","startPage":"201","endPage":"212","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269998,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://caod.oriprobe.com/articles/5692253/An_overview_on_current_fluid_inclusion_research_and_applications.htm"}],"volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaaee4b0c8380cd489ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chi, G.","contributorId":26865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chi","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":406452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, H.-Z.","contributorId":6638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"H.-Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025887,"text":"70025887 - 2003 - Effects of desert wildfires on desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) and other small vertebrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70025887","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of desert wildfires on desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) and other small vertebrates","docAbstract":"We report the results of standardized surveys to determine the effects of wildfires on desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) and their habitats in the northeastern Mojave Desert and northeastern Sonoran Desert. Portions of 6 burned areas (118 to 1,750 ha) were examined for signs of mortality of vertebrates. Direct effects of fire in desert habitats included animal mortality and loss of vegetation cover. A range of 0 to 7 tortoises was encountered during surveys, and live tortoises were found on all transects. In addition to desert tortoises, only small (<1 kg) mammals and reptiles (11 taxa) were found dead on the study areas. We hypothesize that indirect effects of fire on desert habitats might result in changes in the composition of diets and loss of vegetation cover, resulting in an increase in predation and loss of protection from temperature extremes. These changes in habitat also might cause changes in vertebrate communities in burned areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0103:EODWOD>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Esque, T., Schwalbe, C., DeFalco, L., Duncan, R., and Hughes, T., 2003, Effects of desert wildfires on desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) and other small vertebrates: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 48, no. 1, p. 103-111, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0103:EODWOD>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"103","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208633,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0103:EODWOD>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":234507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06c5e4b0c8380cd513ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esque, T. C. 0000-0002-4166-6234","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":76250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"T. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwalbe, C.R.","contributorId":35259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeFalco, L.A.","contributorId":46032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFalco","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duncan, R.B.","contributorId":45239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hughes, T.J.","contributorId":71137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025756,"text":"70025756 - 2003 - Development of small carbonate banks on the south Florida platform margin: Response to sea level and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-30T12:57:37","indexId":"70025756","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of small carbonate banks on the south Florida platform margin: Response to sea level and climate change","docAbstract":"

Geophysical and coring data from the Dry Tortugas, Tortugas Bank, and Riley’s Hump on the southwest Florida margin reveal the stratigraphic framework and growth history of these carbonate banks. The Holocene reefs of the Dry Tortugas and Tortugas Bank are approximately 14 and 10 m thick, respectively, and are situated upon Pleistocene reefal edifices. Tortugas Bank consists of the oldest Holocene corals in the Florida Keys with earliest coral recruitment occurring at ∼9.6 cal ka. Growth curves for the Tortugas Bank reveal slow growth (<1 mm/yr) until 6.2 cal ka, then a rapid increase to 3.4 mm/yr, until shallow reef demise at ∼4.2 cal ka. Coral reef development at the Dry Tortugas began at ∼6.4 cal ka. Aggradation at the Dry Tortugas was linear, and rapid (∼3.7 mm/yr) and kept pace with sea-level change. The increase in aggradation rate of Tortugas Bank at 6.2 cal ka is attributed to the growth of the Dry Tortugas reefs, which formed a barrier to inimical shelf water. Termination of shallow (<15 m below sea level) reef growth at Tortugas Bank at ∼4.2 cal ka is attributed to paleoclimate change in the North American interior that increased precipitation and fluvial discharge. Reef growth rates and characteristics are related to the rate of sea-level rise relative to the position of the reef on the shelf margin, and are additionally modified by hydrographic conditions related to climate change.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00141-5","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Mallinson, D., Hine, A.C., Hallock, P., Locker, S., Shinn, E., Naar, D., Donahue, B., and Weaver, D.C., 2003, Development of small carbonate banks on the south Florida platform margin: Response to sea level and climate change: Marine Geology, v. 199, no. 1-2, p. 45-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00141-5.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234821,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Dry Tortugas, Riley's Hump, Tortugas Bank","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.55950927734374,\n 24.67946552658519\n ],\n [\n -82.5238037109375,\n 24.627044746156027\n ],\n [\n -82.51281738281249,\n 24.587090339209634\n ],\n [\n -82.5897216796875,\n 24.587090339209634\n ],\n [\n -83.2159423828125,\n 24.57210414801684\n ],\n [\n -83.48785400390625,\n 24.58958786341259\n ],\n [\n -83.5015869140625,\n 24.6345347764961\n ],\n [\n -83.485107421875,\n 24.666986385216273\n ],\n [\n -82.66937255859375,\n 24.676969798202656\n ],\n [\n -82.55950927734374,\n 24.67946552658519\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"199","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0064e4b0c8380cd4f733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mallinson, David J.","contributorId":74222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallinson","given":"David J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hine, Albert C.","contributorId":87580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hine","given":"Albert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hallock, Pamela","contributorId":59536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallock","given":"Pamela","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Locker, Stanley D. slocker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locker","given":"Stanley D.","email":"slocker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":406456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shinn, Eugene","contributorId":119336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"Eugene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Naar, David","contributorId":97393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naar","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7149,"text":"College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":406460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Donahue, Brian","contributorId":22951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donahue","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7149,"text":"College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":406453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Weaver, Douglas C.","contributorId":102135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70025758,"text":"70025758 - 2003 - Are corticosterone levels a good indicator of food availability and reproductive performance in a kittiwake colony?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-04T16:29:25.277607","indexId":"70025758","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1907,"text":"Hormones and Behavior","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are corticosterone levels a good indicator of food availability and reproductive performance in a kittiwake colony?","docAbstract":"

We evaluated the use of corticosterone to gauge forage availability and predict reproductive performance in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) breeding in Alaska during 1999 and 2000. We modeled the relationship between baseline levels of corticosterone and a suite of individual and temporal characteristics of the sampled birds. We also provided supplemental food to a sample of pairs and compared their corticosterone levels with that of pairs that were not fed. Corticosterone levels were a good predictor of forage availability in some situations, although inconsistencies between corticosterone levels and reproductive performance of fed and unfed kittiwakes suggested that this was not always the case. In general, higher corticosterone levels were found in birds that lacked breeding experience and in birds sampled shortly after arriving from their wintering grounds. All parameters investigated, however, explained only a small proportion of the variance in corticosterone levels. We also investigated whether corticosterone, supplemental feeding, year of the study, breeding experience, body weight, and sex of a bird were able to predict laying, hatching, and fledging success in kittiwakes. Here, breeding experience, year of the study, and body weight were the best predictors of a bird’s performance. Corticosterone level and supplemental feeding were good predictors of kittiwake reproductive performance in some cases. For example, corticosterone levels of birds sampled during the arrival stage reliably predicted laying success, but were less reliable at predicting hatching and fledging success. Counts of active nests with eggs or chicks may be more reliable estimates of the actual productivity of the colony. Supplemental feeding had strong effects on kittiwake productivity when natural forage was poor, but had little effect when natural forage was plentiful.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0018-506X(03)00030-8","usgsCitation":"Lanctot, R., Hatch, S.A., Gill, V., and Eens, M., 2003, Are corticosterone levels a good indicator of food availability and reproductive performance in a kittiwake colony?: Hormones and Behavior, v. 43, no. 4, p. 489-502, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0018-506X(03)00030-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"489","endPage":"502","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":406465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":406464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":406463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eens, Marcel","contributorId":84548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eens","given":"Marcel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025886,"text":"70025886 - 2003 - Birth of the modern Chesapeake Bay estuary between 7.4 and 8.2 ka and implications for global sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T13:47:26","indexId":"70025886","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Birth of the modern Chesapeake Bay estuary between 7.4 and 8.2 ka and implications for global sea-level rise","docAbstract":"

Two major pulses of sea-level rise are thought to have taken place since the last glacial maximum — meltwater pulses (mwp) 1A (12 cal ka) and 1B (9.5 cal ka). Between mwp 1B and about 6 cal ka, many of the complex coastal ecosystems which ring the world’s oceans began to form. Here we report data for rhenium, carbon isotopes, total organic carbon, and fossil oysters from Chesapeake Bay which span the transition from fresh to brackish water conditions in the bay in the mid-Holocene. These data constrain sea-level change and resulting environmental change in the bay. They indicate that the transition was rapid, and that it was produced by (1) a third pulse of rapid eustatic sea-level rise, or (2) a geometry of the prehistoric Chesapeake Bay basin which predisposed it to a nonlinear response to a steadily rising sea level. Similar nonlinear changes in vulnerable coastal environments are likely to take place in the future due to polar warming, regardless of the timing or rate of sea-level rise.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00367-002-0112-z","usgsCitation":"Bratton, J.F., Colman, S.M., Thieler, E.R., and Seal, R.R., 2003, Birth of the modern Chesapeake Bay estuary between 7.4 and 8.2 ka and implications for global sea-level rise: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 22, no. 4, p. 188-197, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-002-0112-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"197","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.57421875,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -73.839111328125,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -73.839111328125,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -78.57421875,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -78.57421875,\n 34.63320791137959\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1cfe4b0c8380cd4ae2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bratton, John F. 0000-0003-0376-4981 jbratton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-4981","contributorId":92757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"John","email":"jbratton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":406957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":406954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":406956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. rseal@usgs.gov","contributorId":127495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":406955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025760,"text":"70025760 - 2003 - Amplification of seismic waves by the Seattle basin, Washington state","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-19T13:46:15.049147","indexId":"70025760","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Amplification of seismic waves by the Seattle basin, Washington state","docAbstract":"

Recordings of the 1999 Mw 7.6 Chi-Chi (Taiwan) earthquake, two local earthquakes, and five blasts show seismic-wave amplification over a large sedimentary basin in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. For weak ground motions from the Chi-Chi earthquake, the Seattle basin amplified 0.2- to 0.8-Hz waves by factors of 8 to 16 relative to bedrock sites west of the basin. The amplification and peak frequency change during the Chi-Chi coda: the initial S-wave arrivals (0–30 sec) had maximum amplifications of 12 at 0.5–0.8 Hz, whereas later arrivals (35–65 sec) reached amplifications of 16 at 0.3–0.5 Hz. Analysis of local events in the 1.0- to 10.0-Hz frequency range show fourfold amplifications for 1.0-Hz weak ground motion over the Seattle basin. Amplifications decrease as frequencies increase above 1.0 Hz, with frequencies above 7 Hz showing lower amplitudes over the basin than at bedrock sites. Modeling shows that resonance in low-impedance deposits forming the upper 550 m of the basin beneath our profile could cause most of the observed amplification, and the larger amplification at later arrival times suggests surface waves also play a substantial role. These results emphasize the importance of shallow deposits in determining ground motions over large basins.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120010292","usgsCitation":"Pratt, T.L., Brocher, T., Weaver, C., Creager, K.C., Snelson, C., Crosson, R.S., Miller, K., and Trehu, A., 2003, Amplification of seismic waves by the Seattle basin, Washington state: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 93, no. 2, p. 533-545, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120010292.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"533","endPage":"545","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234863,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Seattle basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.97729904153476,\n 47.96151806004161\n ],\n [\n -122.97729904153476,\n 47.24501448398226\n ],\n [\n -121.50136176013277,\n 47.24501448398226\n ],\n [\n -121.50136176013277,\n 47.96151806004161\n ],\n [\n -122.97729904153476,\n 47.96151806004161\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9cae4b0c8380cd4845f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, T. L.","contributorId":53072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weaver, C.S.","contributorId":57874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Creager, K. C.","contributorId":105078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creager","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Snelson, C.M.","contributorId":52769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snelson","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crosson, R. S.","contributorId":104987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miller, K.C.","contributorId":81118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Trehu, A.M.","contributorId":90754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trehu","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70025761,"text":"70025761 - 2003 - Habitat use and movements of repatriated Wyoming toads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-21T18:45:35.852481","indexId":"70025761","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use and movements of repatriated Wyoming toads","docAbstract":"

We studied habitat use and movements of a repatriated population of federally endangered Wyoming toads (Bufo baxteri) after the breeding season at Mortenson Lake, Albany County, Wyoming, USA. We followed 8 adult toads using telemetry (n = 68 relocations) during periods of activity and observed 59 post-metamorphic juvenile toads (n = 59 locations). Adult toads used habitat with a greater mean vegetation canopy cover (mean = 52.6%) than juveniles (mean = 39.20%). We found adults farther from the shoreline (mean = 1.32 m) than juveniles (mean = 1.04 m). Substrates used by toads had a mean surface temperature of 20.31°C for adults and 23.05°C for juveniles. We found most adult and juvenile toads on saturated substrates. All adult toads sampled did not move outside of a 30 x 500 m area along the east-to-south shore where they were captured. Toads were active diurnally through the end of October. We found toads torpid at night. We compared our results to a similar study of the historic population and found that adult toads of the current population used denser vegetation than those of the historic population. Unlike many bufonids, terrestrial stages of the Wyoming toad appear to depend on saturated substrates. The best logistic regression predictors of adult and juvenile toad presence were surface temperature and distance to shore. Survey transects within the moist margin of the lake (≤10 m from water) and after substrates have reached temperatures ≥20°C will likely yield more detections.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802784","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Parker, J., and Anderson, S., 2003, Habitat use and movements of repatriated Wyoming toads: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 67, no. 2, p. 439-446, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802784.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"439","endPage":"446","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 41.07935114946899\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f36e4b0c8380cd5cbb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, J.M.","contributorId":87497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, S.H.","contributorId":33667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025762,"text":"70025762 - 2003 - The site-scale saturated zone flow model for Yucca Mountain: Calibration of different conceptual models and their impact on flow paths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:28:45","indexId":"70025762","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The site-scale saturated zone flow model for Yucca Mountain: Calibration of different conceptual models and their impact on flow paths","docAbstract":"

This paper presents several different conceptual models of the Large Hydraulic Gradient (LHG) region north of Yucca Mountain and describes the impact of those models on groundwater flow near the potential high-level repository site. The results are based on a numerical model of site-scale saturated zone beneath Yucca Mountain. This model is used for performance assessment predictions of radionuclide transport and to guide future data collection and modeling activities. The numerical model is calibrated by matching available water level measurements using parameter estimation techniques, along with more informal comparisons of the model to hydrologic and geochemical information. The model software (hydrologic simulation code FEHM and parameter estimation software PEST) and model setup allows for efficient calibration of multiple conceptual models. Until now, the Large Hydraulic Gradient has been simulated using a low-permeability, east–west oriented feature, even though direct evidence for this feature is lacking. In addition to this model, we investigate and calibrate three additional conceptual models of the Large Hydraulic Gradient, all of which are based on a presumed zone of hydrothermal chemical alteration north of Yucca Mountain. After examining the heads and permeabilities obtained from the calibrated models, we present particle pathways from the potential repository that record differences in the predicted groundwater flow regime. The results show that Large Hydraulic Gradient can be represented with the alternate conceptual models that include the hydrothermally altered zone. The predicted pathways are mildly sensitive to the choice of the conceptual model and more sensitive to the quality of calibration in the vicinity on the repository. These differences are most likely due to different degrees of fit of model to data, and do not represent important differences in hydrologic conditions for the different conceptual models.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00190-0","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Zyvoloski, G., Kwicklis, E., Eddebbarh, A., Arnold, B., Faunt, C., and Robinson, B., 2003, The site-scale saturated zone flow model for Yucca Mountain: Calibration of different conceptual models and their impact on flow paths: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 62-63, p. 731-750, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00190-0.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"731","endPage":"750","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234901,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208848,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00190-0"}],"volume":"62-63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb036e4b08c986b324cda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zyvoloski, G.","contributorId":51068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zyvoloski","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwicklis, E.","contributorId":69759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwicklis","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eddebbarh, A.-A.","contributorId":101425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddebbarh","given":"A.-A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arnold, B.","contributorId":32713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Faunt, C. 0000-0001-5659-7529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":77714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70025881,"text":"70025881 - 2003 - Excess nitrogen in selected thermal and mineral springs of the Cascade Range in northern California, Oregon, and Washington: Sedimentary or volcanic in origin?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T09:30:27","indexId":"70025881","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Excess nitrogen in selected thermal and mineral springs of the Cascade Range in northern California, Oregon, and Washington: Sedimentary or volcanic in origin?","docAbstract":"

Anomalous N2/Ar values occur in many thermal springs and mineral springs, some volcanic fumaroles, and at least one acid-sulfate spring of the Cascade Range. Our data show that N2/Ar values are as high as 300 in gas from some of the hot springs, as high as 1650 in gas from some of the mineral springs, and as high as 2400 in gas from the acid-sulfate spring on Mt. Shasta. In contrast, gas discharging from hot springs that contain nitrogen and argon solely of atmospheric origin typically exhibits N2/Ar values of 40–80, depending on the spring temperature. If the excess nitrogen in the thermal and mineral springs is of sedimentary origin then the geothermal potential of the area must be small, but if the nitrogen is of volcanic origin then the geothermal potential must be very large. End-member excess nitrogen (δ15N) is +5.3‰ for the thermal waters of the Oregon Cascades but is only about +1‰ for fumaroles on Mt. Hood and the acid-sulfate spring on Mt. Shasta. Dissolved nitrogen concentrations are highest for thermal springs associated with aquifers between 120 and 140°C. Chloride is the major anion in most of the nitrogen-rich springs of the Cascade Range, and N2/Ar values generally increase as chloride concentrations increase. Chloride and excess nitrogen in the thermal waters of the Oregon Cascades probably originate in an early Tertiary marine formation that has been buried by the late Tertiary and Quaternary lava flows of the High Cascades. The widespread distribution of excess nitrogen that has been generated in low to moderate-temperature sedimentary environments is further proof of the restricted geothermal potential of the Cascade Range.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(02)00414-6","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Mariner, R.H., Evans, W.C., Presser, T.S., and White, L.D., 2003, Excess nitrogen in selected thermal and mineral springs of the Cascade Range in northern California, Oregon, and Washington: Sedimentary or volcanic in origin?: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 121, no. 1-2, p. 99-114, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(02)00414-6.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"114","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208917,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(02)00414-6"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range","volume":"121","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0da6e4b0c8380cd53114","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mariner, Robert H.","contributorId":81075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Presser, T. S.","contributorId":93875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025880,"text":"70025880 - 2003 - Experimental mycobacteriosis in striped bass Morone saxatilis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-27T15:57:59.225982","indexId":"70025880","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental mycobacteriosis in striped bass Morone saxatilis","docAbstract":"

Striped bass Morone saxatilis were infected intraperitoneally with approximately 105 Mycobacterium marinum, M. shottsii sp. nov., or M. gordonae. Infected fish were maintained in a flow-through freshwater system at 18 to 21°C, and were examined histologically and bacteriologically at 2, 4, 6, 8, 17, 26, 36 and 45 wk post-infection (p.i.). M. marinum caused acute peritonitis, followed by extensive granuloma development in the mesenteries, spleen and anterior kidney. Granulomas in these tissues underwent a temporal progression of distinct morphological stages, culminating in well-circumscribed lesions surrounded by normal or healing tissue. Mycobacteria were cultured in high numbers from splenic tissue at all times p.i. Standard Ziehl-Neelsen staining, however, did not demonstrate acid-fast rods in most early inflammatory foci and granulomas. Large numbers of acid-fast rods were present in granulomas beginning at 8 wk p.i. Between 26 and 45 wk p.i., reactivation of disease was observed in some fish, with disintegration of granulomas, renewed inflammation, and elevated splenic bacterial densities approaching 109 colony-forming units g-1. Infection with M. shottsii or M. gordonae did not produce severe pathology. Mild peritonitis was followed by granuloma formation in the mesenteries, but, with 1 exception, granulomas were not observed in the spleen or anterior kidney. M. shottsii and M. gordonae both established persistent infections in the spleen, but were present at densities at least 2 orders of magnitude less than M. marinum at all time points observed. Granulomas in the mesenteries of M. shottsii- and M. gordonae-infected fish resolved over time, and no reactivation of disease was observed.

","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao054105","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Gauthier, D.T., Rhodes, M.W., Vogelbein, W.K., Kator, H., and Ottinger, C., 2003, Experimental mycobacteriosis in striped bass Morone saxatilis: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 54, no. 2, p. 105-117, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao054105.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"117","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao054105","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dd9e4b0c8380cd5320f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gauthier, David T.","contributorId":42762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gauthier","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rhodes, M. W.","contributorId":80221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodes","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogelbein, W. K.","contributorId":72745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vogelbein","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kator, H.","contributorId":90672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kator","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ottinger, C. A. 0000-0003-2551-1985","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-1985","contributorId":8796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025764,"text":"70025764 - 2003 - Hydrothermal and tectonic activity in northern Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-11T06:33:37","indexId":"70025764","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrothermal and tectonic activity in northern Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming","docAbstract":"

Yellowstone National Park is the site of one of the world's largest calderas. The abundance of geothermal and tectonic activity in and around the caldera, including historic uplift and subsidence, makes it necessary to understand active geologic processes and their associated hazards. To that end, we here use an extensive grid of high-resolution seismic reflection profiles (∼450 km) to document hydrothermal and tectonic features and deposits in northern Yellowstone Lake.

Sublacustrine geothermal features in northern Yellowstone Lake include two of the largest known hydrothermal explosion craters, Mary Bay and Elliott's. Mary Bay explosion breccia is distributed uniformly around the crater, whereas Elliott's crater breccia has an asymmetric distribution and forms a distinctive, ∼2-km-long, hummocky lobe on the lake floor. Hydrothermal vents and low-relief domes are abundant on the lake floor; their greatest abundance is in and near explosion craters and along linear fissures. Domed areas on the lake floor that are relatively unbreached (by vents) are considered the most likely sites of future large hydrothermal explosions. Four submerged shoreline terraces along the margins of northern Yellowstone Lake add to the Holocene record of postglacial lake-level fluctuations attributed to “heavy breathing” of the Yellowstone magma reservoir and associated geothermal system.

The Lake Hotel fault cuts through northwestern Yellowstone Lake and represents part of a 25-km-long distributed extensional deformation zone. Three postglacial ruptures indicate a slip rate of ∼0.27 to 0.34 mm/yr. The largest (3.0 m slip) and most recent event occurred in the past ∼2100 yr. Although high heat flow in the crust limits the rupture area of this fault zone, future earthquakes of magnitude ∼5.3 to 6.5 are possible. Earthquakes and hydrothermal explosions have probably triggered landslides, common features around the lake margins.

Few high-resolution seismic reflection surveys have been conducted in lakes in active volcanic areas. Our data reveal active geothermal features with unprecedented resolution and provide important analogues for recognition of comparable features and potential hazards in other subaqueous geothermal environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B25111.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Stephenson, W.J., Morgan, L.A., Shanks, W., and Pierce, K.L., 2003, Hydrothermal and tectonic activity in northern Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 8, p. 954-971, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25111.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"954","endPage":"971","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234937,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208869,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25111.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.1212158203125,\n 44.06390660801779\n ],\n [\n -109.7698974609375,\n 44.06390660801779\n ],\n [\n -109.7698974609375,\n 45.042478050891546\n ],\n [\n -111.1212158203125,\n 45.042478050891546\n ],\n [\n -111.1212158203125,\n 44.06390660801779\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"115","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a379ae4b0c8380cd60fe5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, S. Y.","contributorId":48572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephenson, W. J.","contributorId":87982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, L. A.","contributorId":16350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shanks, Wayne C.","contributorId":39419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Wayne C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pierce, K. L.","contributorId":12404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025765,"text":"70025765 - 2003 - Vegetation dynamics under fire exclusion and logging in a Rocky Mountain watershed, 1856-1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T10:43:57","indexId":"70025765","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation dynamics under fire exclusion and logging in a Rocky Mountain watershed, 1856-1996","docAbstract":"

How have changes in land management practices affected vegetation patterns in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem? This question led us to develop a deterministic, successional, vegetation model to “turn back the clock” on a study area and assess how patterns in vegetation cover type and structure have changed through different periods of management. Our modeling spanned the closing decades of use by Native Americans, subsequent Euro-American settlement, and associated indirect methods of fire suppression, and more recent practices of fire exclusion and timber harvest. Model results were striking, indicating that the primary forest dynamic in the study area is not fragmentation of conifer forest by logging, but the transition from a fire-driven mosaic of grassland, shrubland, broadleaf forest, and mixed forest communities to a conifer-dominated landscape. Projections for conifer-dominated stands showed an increase in areal coverage from 15% of the study area in the mid-1800s to ∼50% by the mid-1990s. During the same period, projections for aspen-dominated stands showed a decline in coverage from 37% to 8%. Substantial acreage previously occupied by a variety of age classes has given way to extensive tracts of mature forest. Only 4% of the study area is currently covered by young stands, all of which are coniferous. While logging has replaced wildfire as a mechanism for cycling younger stands into the landscape, the locations, species constituents, patch sizes, and ecosystem dynamics associated with logging do not mimic those associated with fire. It is also apparent that the nature of these differences varies among biophysical settings, and that land managers might consider a biophysical class strategy for tailoring management goals and restoration efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0385:VDUFEA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Gallant, A.L., Hansen, A.J., Councilman, J., Monte, D., and Betz, D., 2003, Vegetation dynamics under fire exclusion and logging in a Rocky Mountain watershed, 1856-1996: Ecological Applications, v. 13, no. 2, p. 385-403, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0385:VDUFEA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"403","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc1d5e4b08c986b32a7aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":23508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, A. J.","contributorId":87581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Councilman, J.S.","contributorId":51070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Councilman","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monte, D.K.","contributorId":30010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monte","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Betz, D.W.","contributorId":102252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betz","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025877,"text":"70025877 - 2003 - Body mass and antler development patterns of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) in Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-29T18:15:23.905974","indexId":"70025877","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Body mass and antler development patterns of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) in Michigan","docAbstract":"

We documented mean and maximum body mass, mass accretion patterns and antler development patterns of Rocky Mountain elk in Michigan. Mean body mass of bulls averaged 9–11% heavier, and maximum body mass 23–27% heavier, in Michigan than in other Rocky Mountain elk populations. Mean live body mass of cows averaged 11% heavier in Michigan, but mean eviscerated body mass did not differ. Maximum body mass of cows was 10–24% heavier in Michigan. Body mass peaked at age 7.5 for bulls and 8.5 for cows, similar to other Rocky Mountain elk populations despite the greater body mass achieved in Michigan. Sexual dimorphism in bull and cow body mass increased until peak body mass was attained, whereupon bulls were ∼38% heavier than cows. Antler development of bull elk peaked at age 10.5, comparable to other Rocky Mountain elk populations. Relations between antler development and body mass within age classes were highly variable, but generally weak. Greater body mass seen in Michigan, and the peaking of antler development well after body mass in bulls, suggested a phenotypic response to nutritional conditions that allow Rocky Mountain elk in Michigan to maximize the species growth potential.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2003)150[0169:BMAADP]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Bender, L.C., Carlson, E., Schmitt, S.M., and Haufler, J., 2003, Body mass and antler development patterns of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) in Michigan: American Midland Naturalist, v. 150, no. 1, p. 169-180, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2003)150[0169:BMAADP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"180","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n 48.28319289548349\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 48.28319289548349\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"150","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1f3e4b0c8380cd4af07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bender, Louis C.","contributorId":72509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, E.","contributorId":84119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmitt, S. M.","contributorId":57409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmitt","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haufler, J.B.","contributorId":71355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haufler","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025766,"text":"70025766 - 2003 - The importance of genetic verification for determination of Atlantic salmon in north Pacific waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:28:32","indexId":"70025766","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of genetic verification for determination of Atlantic salmon in north Pacific waters","docAbstract":"Genetic analyses of two unknown but putative Atlantic salmon Salmo salar captured in the Copper River drainage, Alaska, demonstrated the need for validation of morphologically unusual fishes. Mitochondrial DNA sequences (control region and cytochrome b) and data from two nuclear genes [first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) sequence and growth hormone (GH1) amplification product] indicated that the fish caught in fresh water on the Martin River was a coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, while the other fish caught in the intertidal zone of the Copper River delta near Grass Island was an Atlantic salmon. Determination of unusual or cryptic fish based on limited physical characteristics and expected seasonal spawning run timing will add to the controversy over farmed Atlantic salmon and their potential effects on native Pacific species. It is clear that determination of all putative collections of Atlantic salmon found in Pacific waters requires validation. Due to uncertainty of fish identification in the field using plastic morphometric characters, it is recommended that genetic analyses be part of the validation process. ?? 2003 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00072.x","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, J., Williams, I., Sage, G.K., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2003, The importance of genetic verification for determination of Atlantic salmon in north Pacific waters: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 62, no. 4, p. 871-878, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00072.x.","startPage":"871","endPage":"878","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208890,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00072.x"}],"volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacf7e4b08c986b3238a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielsen, J.L.","contributorId":105665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, I.","contributorId":36343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, G. Kevin 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":4348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"G.","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":406502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":406504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025875,"text":"70025875 - 2003 - Aggradation of gravels in tidally influenced fluvial systems: Upper Albian (Lower Cretaceous) on the cratonic margin of the North American Western Interior foreland basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:33","indexId":"70025875","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1344,"text":"Cretaceous Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aggradation of gravels in tidally influenced fluvial systems: Upper Albian (Lower Cretaceous) on the cratonic margin of the North American Western Interior foreland basin","docAbstract":"Alluvial conglomerates were widely distributed around the margin of the Early Cretaceous North American Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway (KWIS). Conglomerates, sandstones, and lesser amounts of mudstones of the upper Albian Nishnabotna Member of the Dakota Formation were deposited as fill-in valleys that were incised up to 80 m into upper Paleozoic strata. These paleovalleys extended southwestward across present-day northwestern Iowa into eastern Nebraska. Conglomerate samples from four localities in western Iowa and eastern Nebraska consist mostly of polycrystalline quartz with lesser amounts of microcrystalline (mostly chert), and monocrystalline quartz. Previous studies discovered that some chert pebbles contain Ordovician-Pennsylvanian invertebrate fossils. The chert clasts analyzed in this study were consistent with these findings. In addition, we found that non-chert clasts consist of metaquartzite, strained monocrystalline quartz and 'vein' quartz from probable Proterozic sources, indicating that parts of the fluvial system's sediment load must have travelled distances of 400-1200 km. The relative tectonic stability of this subcontinent dictated that stream gradients were relatively low with estimates ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 m/km. Considering the complex sedimentologic relationships that must have been involved, the ability of low-gradient easterly-sourced rivers to entrain gravel clasts was primarily a function of paleodischarge rather than a function of steep gradients. Oxygen isotopic evidence from Albian sphaerosiderite-bearing paleosols in the Dakota Formation and correlative units from Kansas to Alaska suggest that mid-latitude continental rainfall in the Albian was perhaps twice that of the modern climate system. Hydrologic fluxes may have been related to wet-dry climatic cycles on decade or longer scales that could account for the required water supply flux. Regardless of temporal scale, gravels were transported during 'high-energy' pulses, under humid climatic conditions in large catchment areas. An overall rising sea level during the late Albian created accommodation space for the gravelly lithofacies equivalent to the Kiowa-Skull Creek rocks. As Western Interior sea level rose, regional stream gradients were reduced, resulting in regional fluvial aggradation. The conglomeratic lower parts of the Nishnabotna Member of the Dakota Formation formed the transgressive systems tract within an upper Albian sequence that is defined by two unconformities that can be traced from marine Kiowa strata in western Kansas northeastward into western Iowa (Brenner et al., 2000). Mud-draped cross-bedded sandstone bodies, laminated mudstone intervals, and vertical burrows in the lower strata of the Nishnabotna Member indicate that estuarine conditions existed at the mouths of the river system, and tidal effects were transmitted at least 200 km inland from the interpreted late Albian coast. These observations suggest that estuarine conditions stepped up the incised valleys as fluvial sediments aggraded in response to regional transgression that continued through the Late Albian. ?? 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cretaceous Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0195-6671(03)00054-5","issn":"01956671","usgsCitation":"Brenner, R.L., Ludvigson, G.A., Witzke, B., Phillips, P., White, T.S., Ufnar, D.F., Gonzalez, L.A., Joeckel, R.M., Goettemoeller, A., and Shirk, B., 2003, Aggradation of gravels in tidally influenced fluvial systems: Upper Albian (Lower Cretaceous) on the cratonic margin of the North American Western Interior foreland basin: Cretaceous Research, v. 24, no. 4, p. 439-448, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6671(03)00054-5.","startPage":"439","endPage":"448","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208854,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6671(03)00054-5"},{"id":234907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e908e4b0c8380cd4805a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brenner, Richard L.","contributorId":94457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenner","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13387,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game - Commercial Fisheries, P.O. Box 669, Cordova, AK 99574","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":406919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ludvigson, Greg A.","contributorId":80803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludvigson","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Witzke, B.L.","contributorId":76545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witzke","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, P.L.","contributorId":82900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, T. S.","contributorId":91219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ufnar, David F.","contributorId":64371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ufnar","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gonzalez, Luis A.","contributorId":20922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Joeckel, R. M.","contributorId":37103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joeckel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Goettemoeller, A.","contributorId":17495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goettemoeller","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Shirk, B.R.","contributorId":98187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shirk","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70025769,"text":"70025769 - 2003 - The influence of diet on faecal DNA amplification and sex identification in brown bears (Ursus arctos)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-07T10:56:19","indexId":"70025769","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of diet on faecal DNA amplification and sex identification in brown bears (Ursus arctos)","docAbstract":"

To evaluate the influence of diet on faecal DNA amplification, 11 captive brown bears (Ursus arctos) were placed on six restricted diets: grass (Trifolium spp., Haplopappus hirtus and Poa pratensis), alfalfa (Lupinus spp.), carrots (Daucus spp.), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) and salmon (Salmo spp.). DNA was extracted from 50 faecal samples of each restricted diet, and amplification of brown bear DNA was attempted for a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) locus and nuclear DNA (nDNA) locus. For mtDNA, no significant differences were observed in amplification success rates across diets. For nDNA, amplification success rates for salmon diet extracts were significantly lower than all other diet extracts (P < 0.001). To evaluate the accuracy of faecal DNA sex identification when female carnivores consume male mammalian prey, female bears were fed male white-tailed deer. Four of 10 extracts amplified, and all extracts were incorrectly scored as male due to amplification of X and Y-chromosome fragments. The potential biases highlighted in this study have broad implications for researchers using faecal DNA for individual and sex identification, and should be evaluated in other species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01863.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Murphy, M., Waits, L., and Kendall, K., 2003, The influence of diet on faecal DNA amplification and sex identification in brown bears (Ursus arctos): Molecular Ecology, v. 12, no. 8, p. 2261-2265, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01863.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2261","endPage":"2265","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208914,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01863.x"}],"volume":"12","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad1be4b08c986b323997","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, M.A.","contributorId":65214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waits, L.P.","contributorId":58987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waits","given":"L.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, K.C.","contributorId":39716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025770,"text":"70025770 - 2003 - Gyrfalcon diet in central west Greenland during the nesting period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:31","indexId":"70025770","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gyrfalcon diet in central west Greenland during the nesting period","docAbstract":"We studied food habits of Gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) nesting in central west Greenland in 2000 and 2001 using three sources of data: time-lapse video (3 nests), prey remains (22 nests), and regurgitated pellets (19 nests). These sources provided different information describing the diet during the nesting period. Gyrfalcons relied heavily on Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus) and arctic hares (Lepus arcticus). Combined, these species contributed 79-91% of the total diet, depending on the data used. Passerines were the third most important group. Prey less common in the diet included waterfowl, arctic fox pups (Alopex lagopus), shorebirds, gulls, alcids, and falcons. All Rock Ptarmigan were adults, and all but one arctic hare were young of the year. Most passerines were fledglings. We observed two diet shifts, first from a preponderance of ptarmigan to hares in mid-June, and second to passerines in late June. The video-monitored Gyrfalcons consumed 94-110 kg of food per nest during the nestling period, higher than previously estimated. Using a combination of video, prey remains, and pellets was important to accurately document Gyrfalcon diet, and we strongly recommend using time-lapse video in future diet studies to identify biases in prey remains and pellet data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Booms, T., and Fuller, M., 2003, Gyrfalcon diet in central west Greenland during the nesting period: Condor, v. 105, no. 3, p. 528-537.","startPage":"528","endPage":"537","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e71e4b0c8380cd5c545","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booms, T.L.","contributorId":15387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booms","given":"T.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, M.R.","contributorId":71278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}