Effective conservation requires prioritizing areas that are vulnerable to large, irreversible changes. Unfortunately, rigorously documenting these changes with experiments and long-term monitoring is not only costly, but may provide evidence that is too late to facilitate proactive decisions.
We use a simple model to illustrate that commonly available short-term spatial, “snapshot”, data from a given ecosystem along an environmental gradient can be used to identify environmental conditions under which different ecosystem states (e.g. different species compositions) co-occur in space. These environmental conditions are those under which future perturbations have the potential for discontinuous large, sometimes irreversible, effects; and can be mapped in space to predict potential spatial hotspots of ecosystem fragility.
We apply these insights to ecologically important high-elevation subalpine meadows of the Sierra Nevada (California). Our analysis reveals specific areas within meadows that may be more vulnerable than others because their plant communities have the potential to shift to a different state. These shifts can be mechanistically explained by interactions between the vegetation and the local water regimes and/or the upper soil conditions.
Our study provides a simple workflow using commonly available data to help prioritize conservation areas based on their potential sensitivity to upcoming perturbations. Such an approach could be very valuable to make most efficient use of conservation and management resources in the context of ongoing global changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108388","usgsCitation":"Genin, A., Lee, S.R., Berlow, E.L., Ostoja, S., and Kefi, S., 2020, Mapping hotspots of potential ecosystem fragility using commonly available spatial data: Biological Conservation, v. 241, 108388, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108388.","productDescription":"108388, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-084595","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108388","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sequoia National Park, Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.90527343750001,\n 36.05798104702501\n ],\n [\n -118.3447265625,\n 37.29153547292737\n ],\n [\n -119.36645507812499,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -119.81689453125,\n 38.324420427006544\n ],\n [\n -120.047607421875,\n 37.83148014503288\n ],\n [\n -119.937744140625,\n 37.32648861334206\n ],\n [\n -119.278564453125,\n 36.77409249464195\n ],\n [\n -118.94897460937499,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -118.24584960937499,\n 35.47856499535729\n ],\n [\n -117.87231445312499,\n 35.43381992014202\n ],\n [\n -117.90527343750001,\n 36.05798104702501\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"241","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Genin, Alexandre","contributorId":192956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Genin","given":"Alexandre","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":0},{"text":"Lee, Steven R. 0000-0002-4581-3684 srlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4581-3684","contributorId":5630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Steven","email":"srlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berlow, Eric L.","contributorId":91416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berlow","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M.","contributorId":225183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven M.","affiliations":[{"id":32922,"text":"USDA California Climate Hub","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kefi, Sonia","contributorId":257566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kefi","given":"Sonia","affiliations":[{"id":37581,"text":"Université de Montpellier, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70212637,"text":"70212637 - 2020 - Earthquake magnitude and Lg Q variations between the Grenville and northern Appalachian geologic provinces of eastern Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-25T14:27:18.911636","indexId":"70212637","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-04T09:18:10","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Earthquake magnitude and Lg Q variations between the Grenville and northern Appalachian geologic provinces of eastern Canada","title":"Earthquake magnitude and Lg Q variations between the Grenville and northern Appalachian geologic provinces of eastern Canada","docAbstract":"This article assesses the ability of regionally specific, frequency‐dependent crustal attenuation (
The present-day acid-base chemistry of surface waters can be directly linked to contemporary observations of acid deposition; however, pre-industrial conditions are key to predicting the potential future recovery of stream ecosystems under decreasing loads of atmospheric sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition. The integrated biogeochemical model PnET-BGC was applied to 25 forest watersheds that represent a range of acid sensitivity in the Adirondack region of New York, USA to simulate the response of streams to past and future changes in atmospheric S and N deposition, and calculate the target loads of acidity for protecting and restoring stream water quality and ecosystem health. Using measured data, the model was calibrated and applied to simulate soil and stream chemistry at all study sites. Model hindcasts indicate that historically stream water chemistry in the Adirondacks was variable, but inherently sensitive to acid deposition. The median model-simulated acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) of the streams was projected to be 55 μeq L−1 before the advent of anthropogenic acid deposition (~1850), decreasing to minimum values of 10 μeq L−1 around the year 2000. The median simulated ANC increased to 13 μeq L−1 by 2015 in response to decreases in acid deposition that have occurred over recent decades. Model projections suggest that simultaneous decreases in sulfate, nitrate and ammonium deposition are more effective in restoring stream ANC than individual decreases in sulfur or nitrogen deposition. However, the increases in stream ANC per unit equivalent decrease in S deposition is greater compared to decreases in N deposition. Using empirical algorithms, fish community density and biomass are projected to increase under several deposition-control scenarios that coincide with increases in stream ANC. Model projections suggest that even under the most aggressive deposition-reduction scenarios, stream chemistry and fisheries will not fully recover from historical acidification by 2200.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137113","usgsCitation":"Shao, S., Driscoll, C.T., Sullivan, T.J., Burns, D., Baldigo, B.P., Lawrence, G.B., and McDonnell, T.C., 2020, The response of stream ecosystems in the Adirondack region of New York to historical and future changes in atmospheric deposition of sulfur and nitrogen: Science of the Total Environment, v. 716, 137113, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137113.","productDescription":"137113, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109009","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137113","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":372447,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondack region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.476318359375,\n 43.69965122967144\n ],\n [\n -73.927001953125,\n 43.69965122967144\n ],\n [\n -73.927001953125,\n 44.07969327425713\n ],\n [\n -74.476318359375,\n 44.07969327425713\n ],\n [\n -74.476318359375,\n 43.69965122967144\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"716","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shao, Shuai","contributorId":222597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shao","given":"Shuai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Charles T.","contributorId":167460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullivan, Timothy J.","contributorId":196720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":202943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McDonnell, Todd C. 0000-0002-5231-105X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5231-105X","contributorId":196721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70219490,"text":"70219490 - 2020 - Understanding the effect of fire on vegetation composition and gross primary production in a semi-arid shrubland ecosystem using the Ecosystem Demography (EDv2.2) model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-12T11:55:22.924404","indexId":"70219490","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-04T06:39:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1012,"text":"Biogeosciences Discussions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the effect of fire on vegetation composition and gross primary production in a semi-arid shrubland ecosystem using the Ecosystem Demography (EDv2.2) model","docAbstract":"Wildfires in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) dominated semi-arid ecosystems in the western United States have increased dramatically in frequency and severity in the last few decades. Severe wildfires often lead to the loss of native sagebrush communities and change the biogeochemical conditions which make it difficult for sagebrush to regenerate. Invasion of cheat- grass (Bromus tectorum) accentuates the problem by making the ecosystem more susceptible to frequent burns. Managers have implemented several techniques to cope with the cheatgrass-fire cycle, ranging from controlling undesirable fire effects by removing fuel loads either mechanically or via prescribed burns, to seeding the fire-affected areas with shrubs and native perennial forbs. There have been a number of studies at local scales to understand the direct impacts of wildfire on vegetation, however, there is a larger gap in understanding these impacts at broad spatial and temporal scales. This need highlights the importance of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) and remote sensing. In this study, we explored the influence of fir on vegetation composition and gross primary production (GPP) in the sagebrush ecosystem using the Ecosystem Demography (EDv2.2) model, a dynamic global vegetation model. We selected Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW) to run our simulation study, an intensively monitored sagebrush-dominated ecosystem in the northern Great Basin. We ran point-based simulations at four existing flux-tower sites in the study area for a total 150 years after turning on the fire module in the 25th year. Results suggest dominance of shrubs in a non-fire scenario, however under the fire scenario we observed contrasting phases of high and low shrub density and C3 grass growth. Regional model simulations showed a gradual decline in GPP for fire-introduced areas through the initial couple of years instead of killing all the vegetation in the affected area in the first year itself. We also compared the results from EDv2.2 with satellite-derived GPP estimates for the areas in RCEW burned by a wildfire in 2015 (Soda Fire). We observed moderate pixel-level correlations between maps of post-fire recovery EDv2.2 GPP and MODIS derived GPP. This study contributes to understanding the application of ecosystem models to investigate temporal dynamics of vegetation under alternative fire regimes and post-fire ecosystem restoration.","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus","doi":"10.5194/bg-2019-510","usgsCitation":"Pandit, K., Dashti, H., Hudak, A., Glenn, N.F., Flores, A.N., and Shinneman, D.J., 2020, Understanding the effect of fire on vegetation composition and gross primary production in a semi-arid shrubland ecosystem using the Ecosystem Demography (EDv2.2) model: Biogeosciences Discussions, v. 18, no. 6, p. 2027-2045, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-510.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2027","endPage":"2045","ipdsId":"IP-115400","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-510","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.98242187499999,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -114.08203125,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -114.08203125,\n 44.68427737181225\n ],\n [\n -116.98242187499999,\n 44.68427737181225\n ],\n [\n -116.98242187499999,\n 42.13082130188811\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pandit, Karun","contributorId":221464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pandit","given":"Karun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dashti, Hamid","contributorId":257078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dashti","given":"Hamid","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hudak, Andrew A.","contributorId":257079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudak","given":"Andrew A.","affiliations":[{"id":36493,"text":"USDA Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glenn, Nancy F.","contributorId":195241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flores, Alejandro N","contributorId":256965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flores","given":"Alejandro","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shinneman, Douglas J. 0000-0002-4909-5181 dshinneman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-5181","contributorId":147745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinneman","given":"Douglas","email":"dshinneman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70208657,"text":"70208657 - 2020 - Meteotsunamis triggered by tropical cyclones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-24T19:45:27","indexId":"70208657","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-03T19:43:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Meteotsunamis triggered by tropical cyclones","docAbstract":"Tropical cyclones are one of the most destructive natural hazards and much of the damage and casualties they cause are flood-related. Accurate characterization and prediction of total water levels during extreme storms is necessary to minimize coastal impacts. While meteotsunamis are known to influence water levels and to produce severe consequences, they have been disregarded during tropical cyclones. This study demonstrates that meteotsunami waves commonly occur during tropical cyclones, and that they can significantly contribute to total water levels. We have discovered that the most extreme meteotsunami events were triggered by inherent features of the structure of tropical cyclones: inner and outer spiral rainbands. While outer distant spiral rainbands produced single-peak meteotsunami waves, inner spiral rainbands triggered longer lasting (~12 hours) wave trains on the front side of the tropical cyclones. We use an idealized coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave numerical model to analyze TC meteotsunami generation and propagation mechanisms.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41467-020-14423-9","usgsCitation":"Olabarrieta, M., Shi, L., Nolan, D., and Warner, J., 2020, Meteotsunamis triggered by tropical cyclones: Nature Communications, v. 11, 678, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14423-9.","productDescription":"678, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107152","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14423-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":372595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -96.328125,\n 27.137368359795584\n ],\n [\n -94.5703125,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 28.536274512989916\n ],\n [\n -88.154296875,\n 28.76765910569123\n ],\n [\n -88.154296875,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -86.044921875,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -84.462890625,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 27.293689224852407\n ],\n [\n -82.001953125,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -79.716796875,\n 24.766784522874453\n ],\n [\n -80.068359375,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n -79.541015625,\n 32.10118973232094\n ],\n [\n -75.234375,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -76.552734375,\n 36.24427318493909\n ],\n [\n -78.134765625,\n 34.66935854524543\n ],\n [\n -80.771484375,\n 32.76880048488168\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -92.548828125,\n 30.90222470517144\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 28.613459424004414\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olabarrieta, Maitane 0000-0002-7619-7992 molabarrieta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7619-7992","contributorId":211373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olabarrieta","given":"Maitane","email":"molabarrieta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shi, Luming","contributorId":222697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Luming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40590,"text":"Civil and Coastal Engineering Department, ESSIE, University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolan, David","contributorId":222698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nolan","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40591,"text":"Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami Miami, FL 33149","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70211679,"text":"70211679 - 2020 - An aeolian grainflow model for Martian Recurring Slope Lineae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-06T23:07:07.093979","indexId":"70211679","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-03T18:05:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An aeolian grainflow model for Martian Recurring Slope Lineae","docAbstract":"Recurring Slope Lineae (RSL) on Mars have been enigmatic since their discovery; their behavior resembles a seeping liquid but sources of water remain puzzling. This work demonstrates that the properties of RSL are consistent with observed behaviors of Martian and terrestrial aeolian processes. Specifically, RSL are well-explained as flows of sand that remove a thin coating of dust. Observed RSL properties are supportive of or consistent with this model, which requires no liquid water or other exotic processes, but rather indicates seasonal aeolian behavior. These settings and behaviors resemble features observed by rovers and also explain the occurrence of many slope lineae on Mars that do not meet the strict definition of RSL. This indicates that RSL can be explained simply as aeolian features. Other processes may add complexities just as they could modify the behavior of any sand dune.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113681","usgsCitation":"Dundas, C.M., 2020, An aeolian grainflow model for Martian Recurring Slope Lineae: Icarus, v. 343, 113681, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113681.","productDescription":"113681, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107848","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457871,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113681","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377143,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"343","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208369,"text":"70208369 - 2020 - Carbon release through abrupt permafrost thaw","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-26T12:50:28","indexId":"70208369","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-03T15:33:36","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon release through abrupt permafrost thaw","docAbstract":"The permafrost zone is expected to be a substantial carbon source to the atmosphere, yet large-scale models currently only\nsimulate gradual changes in seasonally thawed soil. Abrupt thaw will probably occur in <20% of the permafrost zone but could\naffect half of permafrost carbon through collapsing ground, rapid erosion and landslides. Here, we synthesize the best available\ninformation and develop inventory models to simulate abrupt thaw impacts on permafrost carbon balance. Emissions across\n2.5 million km2 of abrupt thaw could provide a similar climate feedback as gradual thaw emissions from the entire 18 million km2\npermafrost region under the warming projection of Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5. While models forecast that\ngradual thaw may lead to net ecosystem carbon uptake under projections of Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, abrupt\nthaw emissions are likely to offset this potential carbon sink. Active hillslope erosional features will occupy 3% of abrupt thaw\nterrain by 2300 but emit one-third of abrupt thaw carbon losses. Thaw lakes and wetlands are methane hot spots but their\ncarbon release is partially offset by slowly regrowing vegetation. After considering abrupt thaw stabilization, lake drainage and\nsoil carbon uptake by vegetation regrowth, we conclude that models considering only gradual permafrost thaw are substantially\nunderestimating carbon emissions from thawing permafrost.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41561-019-0526-0","usgsCitation":"Turetsky, M.R., Abbott, B., Jones, M.C., Walter Anthony, K., Olefeldt, D., Schuur, E.A., Grosse, G., Kuhry, P., Hugelius, G., Koven, C., Lawrence, D.M., Gibson, C., Sannel, A.B., and McGuire, A., 2020, Carbon release through abrupt permafrost thaw: Nature Geoscience, v. 13, p. 138-143, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0526-0.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"138","endPage":"143","ipdsId":"IP-102621","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turetsky, Merritt R.","contributorId":169398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turetsky","given":"Merritt","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12660,"text":"University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abbott, Benjamin W.","contributorId":218049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abbott","given":"Benjamin W.","affiliations":[{"id":6681,"text":"Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619 miriamjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":4056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"miriamjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walter Anthony, Katey","contributorId":192911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter Anthony","given":"Katey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olefeldt, David","contributorId":169408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olefeldt","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":32365,"text":"Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schuur, Edward A.","contributorId":218050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuur","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":146182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12916,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kuhry, Peter","contributorId":222243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhry","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hugelius, Gustaf 0000-0002-8096-1594","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-1594","contributorId":73863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hugelius","given":"Gustaf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17850,"text":"Dept of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":25546,"text":"Stockholm University, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Koven, Charles","contributorId":218051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koven","given":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":39617,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lawrence, David M.","contributorId":105206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7166,"text":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Gibson, Carolyn","contributorId":218061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"Carolyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sannel, A. Britta K.","contributorId":222244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sannel","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Britta K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McGuire, A.D.","contributorId":199633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70228637,"text":"70228637 - 2020 - Mapping habitat suitability at range-wide scales: Spatially explicit distribution models to inform conservation and research for marsh birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-16T21:04:33.98395","indexId":"70228637","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-03T14:52:27","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping habitat suitability at range-wide scales: Spatially explicit distribution models to inform conservation and research for marsh birds","docAbstract":"Habitat Loss is a primary cause of species decline, and predicting the distribution of quality habitats across broad scales is needed for conservation of rare species. Secretive marsh birds are a group of emergent-wetland specialists that include multiple threatened and endangered species whose populations have been impacted by wetland loss and modification. Habitat suitability for marsh birds is poorly mapped, and predictions of habitat quality over broad scales are primarily generated via expert judgment. We developed data-driven models to predict fine-resolution habitat quality for 13 marsh bird species across their ranges within the U.S. We demonstrate how these models are useful for conservation by quantifying range contraction, assessing the usefulness of existing protected areas, and assessing the vulnerability of habitats to global change for rare species. These tools provide a quantitative foundation for broad-scale conservation, research, and monitoring efforts, and a starting point for adaptive conservation of marsh bird breeding habitat over broad spatial extents.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/csp2.178","usgsCitation":"Stevens, B.S., and Conway, C.J., 2020, Mapping habitat suitability at range-wide scales: Spatially explicit distribution models to inform conservation and research for marsh birds: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 2, no. 4, e178, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.178.","productDescription":"e178, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-113280","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.178","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Bryan S.","contributorId":171809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevens","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209087,"text":"70209087 - 2020 - The Modern Geological Survey; a model for research, innovation, synthjesis: A USGS perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-15T14:31:51","indexId":"70209087","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-03T14:30:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The Modern Geological Survey; a model for research, innovation, synthjesis: A USGS perspective","docAbstract":"Geological Surveys have long filled the role of providing Earth system science data and knowledge. These functions are increasingly complicated by accelerating environmental and societal change. Here we describe the USGS response to these evolving conditions. Underpinning the USGS approach is the recognition that many of the issues facing the U.S. and the world involve the interaction among geologic, hydrologic, and biologic processes, and how these interactions in turn affect society. Therefore, a goal of USGS planning is fostering interdisciplinary science. This focus is occurring in part through implementation of the recommendations of strategic planning teams. The USGS has also put in place groups building a broad information technology infrastructure as well as identifying and disseminating new Earth science research tools. In addition, the USGS has established an analysis and synthesis center that brings together groups of scientists who address interdisciplinary Earth system science issues. The goal is for these building blocks to evolve towards a comprehensive USGS data and knowledge platform; EarthMAP (Earth Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection). We also recognize that the modern geological survey must be a member of a community of geological surveys contributing data to a global database of 3-dimensional biogeophysical observations and interpretations.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Folding and fracturing of rocks: 50 years of research since the seminal text book of J. G. Ramsay","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/SP499-2019-250","usgsCitation":"Kimball, S., Goldhaber, M.B., Baron, J., and Labson, V.F., 2020, The Modern Geological Survey; a model for research, innovation, synthjesis: A USGS perspective, chap. of Folding and fracturing of rocks: 50 years of research since the seminal text book of J. G. Ramsay, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP499-2019-250.","ipdsId":"IP-113562","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, Suzette 0000-0003-2777-1596 suzette_kimball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2777-1596","contributorId":223371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Suzette","email":"suzette_kimball@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baron, Jill S. 0000-0002-5902-6251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":215101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Labson, Victor F. 0000-0003-1905-1820 vlabson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1905-1820","contributorId":326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labson","given":"Victor","email":"vlabson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":349,"text":"International Water Resources Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209043,"text":"70209043 - 2020 - Spatiotemporal patterns in trophic niche overlap among five salmonines in Lake Michigan, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-11T14:13:55.904267","indexId":"70209043","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-03T13:31:11","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal patterns in trophic niche overlap among five salmonines in Lake Michigan, USA","docAbstract":"Native lake trout and introduced Chinook salmon, coho salmon, steelhead, and brown trout are major predators in Lake Michigan’s complex ecosystem and collectively support a valuable recreational fishery, but declines in their primary prey, alewife, have raised ecological and management concerns about competition and prey allocation. We applied niche overlap analysis to evaluate competition among salmonine predators during rapid forage base change in Lake Michigan. δ13C and δ15N stable isotope ratios indicated that lake trout had a unique trophic niche from inclusion of offshore and benthic prey, with <29% lakewide niche overlap with Chinook salmon, coho salmon and steelhead. Brown trout had moderate overlap with other species (45 – 91%), while Chinook salmon, coho salmon, and steelhead had high overlap (71 – 98%). Regional differences in isotopic signatures highlighted the potential importance of sub-system differences in fish diets in large aquatic systems. The uniqueness of the lake trout niche, and broadness of brown trout and steelhead niches, suggest these species may be resilient to forage base changes. This study demonstrates how niche overlap analysis can be applied to tease apart competitive interactions and their response to ecosystem change.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2019-0288","usgsCitation":"Kornis, M.S., Bunnell, D.B., Swanson, H.K., and Bronte, C.R., 2020, Spatiotemporal patterns in trophic niche overlap among five salmonines in Lake Michigan, USA: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 77, no. 6, p. 1059-1075, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0288.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1059","endPage":"1075","ipdsId":"IP-111499","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/100110","text":"External Repository"},{"id":373201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 45.90529985724799\n ],\n [\n -85.05615234375,\n 46.210249600187225\n ],\n [\n -85.517578125,\n 46.27103747280261\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 46.01222384063236\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -88.11035156249999,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -88.11035156249999,\n 44.41808794374846\n ],\n [\n -87.4951171875,\n 44.85586880735725\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 42.8115217450979\n ],\n [\n -87.978515625,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 41.68932225997044\n ],\n [\n -87.2314453125,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -86.7041015625,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -86.02294921875,\n 42.4234565179383\n ],\n [\n -86.0009765625,\n 43.08493742707592\n ],\n [\n -86.28662109375,\n 43.6599240747891\n ],\n [\n -85.93505859374999,\n 44.38669150215206\n ],\n [\n -85.166015625,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -84.79248046875,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 45.90529985724799\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kornis, Matthew S.","contributorId":201252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kornis","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunnell, David B. 0000-0003-3521-7747 dbunnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-7747","contributorId":195888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David","email":"dbunnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Heidi K.","contributorId":203350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6655,"text":"University of Waterloo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":784615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":190727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":784616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70228278,"text":"70228278 - 2020 - Dynamic Habitat Disturbance and Ecological Resilience (DyHDER): Modeling population responses to habitat condition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T17:59:30.227932","indexId":"70228278","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-03T11:56:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamic Habitat Disturbance and Ecological Resilience (DyHDER): Modeling population responses to habitat condition","docAbstract":"Understanding how populations respond to spatially heterogeneous habitat disturbance is as critical to conservation as it is challenging. Here, we present a new, free, and open-source metapopulation model: Dynamic Habitat Disturbance and Ecological Resilience (DyHDER), which incorporates subpopulation habitat condition and connectivity into a population viability analysis framework. Modeling temporally dynamic and spatially explicit habitat disturbance of varying magnitude and duration is accomplished through the use of habitat time-series data and a mechanistic approach to adjusting subpopulation vital rates. Additionally, DyHDER uses a probabilistic dispersal model driven by site-specific habitat suitability, density dependence, and directionally dependent connectivity. In the first application of DyHDER, we explore how fragmentation and projected climate change are predicted to impact a well-studied Bonneville cutthroat trout metapopulation in the Logan River (Utah, USA). The DyHDER model predicts which subpopulations are most susceptible to disturbance, as well as the potential interactions between stressors. Further, the model predicts how populations may be expected to redistribute following disturbance. This information is valuable to conservationists and managers faced with protecting populations of conservation concern across landscapes undergoing changing disturbance regimes. The DyHDER model provides a valuable and generalizable new tool to explore metapopulation resilience to spatially and temporally dynamic stressors for a diverse range of taxa and ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3023","usgsCitation":"Murphy, B.P., Walsworth, T., Belmont, P., Conner, M., and Budy, P., 2020, Dynamic Habitat Disturbance and Ecological Resilience (DyHDER): Modeling population responses to habitat condition: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 1, e03023, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3023.","productDescription":"e03023, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-110023","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3023","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395640,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Brendan P.","contributorId":275031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":28050,"text":"USU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walsworth, Timothy E.","contributorId":275032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walsworth","given":"Timothy E.","affiliations":[{"id":28050,"text":"USU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belmont, Patrick","contributorId":275033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belmont","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":28050,"text":"USU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conner, Mary M.","contributorId":275034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"Mary M.","affiliations":[{"id":28050,"text":"USU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Budy, Phaedra E. 0000-0002-9918-1678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-1678","contributorId":228930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"Phaedra E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70206113,"text":"sir20195116 - 2020 - Simulation of water-management scenarios for the Mississippi Delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-25T18:41:20.950804","indexId":"sir20195116","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-03T10:20:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5116","displayTitle":"Simulation of Water-Management Scenarios for the Mississippi Delta","title":"Simulation of water-management scenarios for the Mississippi Delta","docAbstract":"To compare the effectiveness of proposed alternative water-supply scenarios on future water availability in the Mississippi Delta, the U.S. Geological Survey and the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality are collaborating on the update and enhancement of an existing regional groundwater-flow model of the area. Through this collaboration, the model has been updated to include boundary conditions through March 2014 with the most recent water-use data, precipitation and recharge data, and streamflow and water-level observation data. The updated model has been used to evaluate selected alternative water-supply scenarios to determine relative effects on the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer. Alternative water-supply options evaluated in this report include: (1) irrigation efficiency, (2) on-farm storage and tailwater recovery, (3) instream weirs to increase surface-water availability, (4) intrabasin transfer of surface water, and (5) groundwater transfer and injection. A relative comparison approach was used to calculate the simulated water-level response caused by each scenario. Water-level response is the difference between water levels simulated by the alternative water-supply scenario and those simulated by a base or “no action” scenario. Water-level response in the alluvial aquifer varied for each scenario based on the location, magnitude, and (or) adoption rates of the simulated alternative water-supply option. The groundwater transfer and injection scenario showed the largest water-level response.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Haugh, C.J., Killian, C.D., and Barlow, J.R.B., 2020, Simulation of water-management scenarios for the Mississippi Delta: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5116, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195116.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 15 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-088687","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399601,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109661.htm"},{"id":371205,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9906VM5","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-2005 model used to evaluate water-management scenarios for the Mississippi Delta"},{"id":371202,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5116/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":371203,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5116/sir20195116.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.36 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019-5116"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.69238281249999,\n 36.659606226479696\n ],\n [\n -90.318603515625,\n 35.7019167328534\n ],\n [\n -91.746826171875,\n 33.60546961227188\n ],\n [\n -91.109619140625,\n 32.20350534542368\n ],\n [\n -90.318603515625,\n 32.37996146435729\n ],\n [\n -89.659423828125,\n 33.37641235124676\n ],\n [\n -89.05517578125,\n 34.6241677899049\n ],\n [\n -88.857421875,\n 35.85343961959182\n ],\n [\n -89.69238281249999,\n 36.659606226479696\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, Tennessee 37211
Ground motion simulation validation is an important and necessary task toward establishing the efficacy of physics-based ground motion simulations for seismic hazard analysis and earthquake engineering applications. This article presents a comprehensive validation of the commonly used Graves and Pitarka hybrid broadband ground motion simulation methodology with a recently developed three-dimensional (3D) Canterbury Velocity Model. This is done through simulation of 148 small magnitude earthquake events in the Canterbury, New Zealand, region in order to supplement prior validation efforts directed at several larger magnitude events. Recent empirical ground motion models are also considered to benchmark the simulation predictive capability, which is examined by partitioning the prediction residuals into the various components of ground motion variability. Biases identified in source, path, and site components suggest that improvements to the predictive capabilities of the simulation methodology can be made by using a longer high-frequency path duration model, reducing empirical Vs30-based low-frequency site amplification, and utilizing site-specific velocity models in the high-frequency simulations.
Streamflow controls many freshwater and marine processes, including salinity profiles, sediment composition, fluxes of nutrients, and the timing of animal migrations. Watersheds that border the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) comprise over 400,000 km2 of largely pristine freshwater habitats and provide ecosystem services such as reliable fisheries for local and global food production. Yet no comprehensive watershed-scale description of current temporal and spatial patterns of streamflow exists within the coastal GOA. This is an immediate need because the spatial distribution of future streamflow patterns may shift dramatically due to warming air temperature, increased rainfall, diminishing snowpack, and rapid glacial recession. Our primary goal was to describe variation in streamflow patterns across the coastal GOA using an objective set of descriptors derived from flow predictions at the downstream-most point within each watershed. We leveraged an existing hydrologic runoff model and Bayesian mixture model to classify 4,140 watersheds into 13 classes based on seven streamflow statistics. Maximum discharge timing (annual phase shift) and magnitude relative to mean discharge (amplitude) were the most influential attributes. Seventy-six percent of watersheds by number showed patterns consistent with rain or snow as dominant runoff sources, while the remaining watersheds were driven by rain-snow, glacier, or low-elevation wetland runoff. Streamflow classes exhibited clear mechanistic links to elevation, ice coverage, and other landscape features. Our classification identifies watersheds that might shift streamflow patterns in the near future and, importantly, will help guide the design of studies that evaluate how hydrologic change will influence coastal GOA ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1029/2019WR026127","usgsCitation":"Sergeant, C.J., Falke, J.A., Bellmore, R.A., Bellmore, J., and Crumley, R.L., 2020, A classification of streamflow patterns across the coastal Gulf of Alaska: Water Resources Research, v. 56, no. 2, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026127.","productDescription":"e2019WR026127, 17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-110868","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BHITX2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"All available data for Sergeant et al. 2020, A classification of streamflow patterns across the coastal Gulf of Alaska"},{"id":395701,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.5556640625,\n 56.19448087726972\n ],\n [\n -152.0947265625,\n 57.350237477396824\n ],\n [\n -151.5673828125,\n 58.286395482881034\n ],\n [\n -152.0947265625,\n 58.53959476664049\n ],\n [\n -151.875,\n 58.95000823335702\n ],\n [\n -150.9521484375,\n 59.085738569819505\n ],\n [\n -148.974609375,\n 59.80063426102869\n ],\n [\n -147.6123046875,\n 59.62332522313024\n ],\n [\n -146.7333984375,\n 60.06484046010452\n ],\n [\n -145.546875,\n 60.23981116999893\n ],\n [\n -144.2724609375,\n 59.88893689676585\n ],\n [\n -142.3828125,\n 59.95501026206206\n ],\n [\n -139.9658203125,\n 59.40036514079251\n ],\n [\n -136.845703125,\n 58.07787626787517\n ],\n [\n -135.966796875,\n 56.9449741808516\n ],\n [\n -135.087890625,\n 56.19448087726972\n ],\n [\n -133.154296875,\n 54.39335222384589\n ],\n [\n -130.78125,\n 54.7246201949245\n ],\n [\n -129.990234375,\n 55.3791104480105\n ],\n [\n -129.990234375,\n 56.17002298293205\n ],\n [\n -131.7041015625,\n 56.70450561416937\n ],\n [\n -132.3193359375,\n 57.302789656350086\n ],\n [\n -133.3740234375,\n 58.49369382056807\n ],\n [\n -133.9892578125,\n 58.790978406215565\n ],\n [\n -134.296875,\n 58.95000823335702\n ],\n [\n -134.560546875,\n 59.24341475839977\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 59.355596110016315\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 59.60109549032134\n ],\n [\n -135.52734375,\n 59.82273188377389\n ],\n [\n -136.40625,\n 59.66774058164963\n ],\n [\n -136.669921875,\n 59.24341475839977\n ],\n [\n -137.5927734375,\n 58.92733441827545\n ],\n [\n -137.5927734375,\n 59.24341475839977\n ],\n [\n -138.8232421875,\n 59.93300042374631\n ],\n [\n -139.21874999999997,\n 60.06484046010452\n ],\n [\n -139.0869140625,\n 60.37042901631508\n ],\n [\n -139.7900390625,\n 60.37042901631508\n ],\n [\n -140.0537109375,\n 60.19615576604439\n ],\n [\n -140.44921875,\n 60.28340847828243\n ],\n [\n -140.7568359375,\n 60.23981116999893\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 60.37042901631508\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 60.8663124746226\n ],\n [\n -143.0419921875,\n 61.312451574838214\n ],\n [\n -148.798828125,\n 62.2679226294176\n ],\n [\n -153.9404296875,\n 61.58549218152362\n ],\n [\n -160.13671875,\n 58.768200159239576\n ],\n [\n -154.5556640625,\n 56.19448087726972\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sergeant, Christopher J.","contributorId":140496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sergeant","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falke, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-6670-8250 jfalke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-8250","contributorId":5195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jfalke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bellmore, Rebecca A.","contributorId":275276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellmore","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39693,"text":"Southeast Alaska Watershed Coalition","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bellmore, J. Ryan jbellmore@usgs.gov","contributorId":4527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bellmore","given":"J. Ryan","email":"jbellmore@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":833916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crumley, Ryan L.","contributorId":275278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crumley","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228237,"text":"70228237 - 2020 - Eastern oyster clearance and respiration rates in response to acute and chronic exposure to suspended sediment loads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T15:47:02.571742","indexId":"70228237","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-01T09:31:23","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2449,"text":"Journal of Sea Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eastern oyster clearance and respiration rates in response to acute and chronic exposure to suspended sediment loads","docAbstract":"Coastal Louisiana supports some of the most productive areas for the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Changing conditions from restoration and climate change alter freshwater and sediment inflows into critical estuarine areas affecting water quality, including salinity and concentrations of suspended sediment. This study examined the effects of acute (1 h) and chronic (8 weeks) exposure of suspended sediment concentrations on the eastern oyster's respiration and clearance rates. Acute exposure at six sediment concentrations (0, 10, 50, 200, 500, 1000 mg L−1) and one salinity (15) indicated that sediment concentration significantly affected oyster clearance rates, with increasing clearance rates as suspended sediment concentrations increased up to 500 mg L−1. Respiration rates were not affected by sediment concentration (p = .12). Chronic exposure at two salinities (6 and 15) and three sediment concentrations (0, 50, 400 mg L−1) found no significant effect of sediment, salinity or their interaction on clearance rates. Respiration rate was reduced at higher sediment concentrations (50 and 400 mg L−1 versus 0 mg L−1) and lower salinity. As clearance and oxygen consumption rates critically inform oyster energetic models, these data provide valuable insight to more accurately predict eastern oyster population dynamics and inform harvest models in the face of changing estuarine conditions. Changes in rates of growth through altered energetic demands ultimately can impact not just the economic viability of the industry, but also the ability for the populations to maintain sustainable reefs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2019.101831","usgsCitation":"La Peyre, M., Bernasconi, S.K., Lavaud, R., Casas, S.M., and La Peyre, J.F., 2020, Eastern oyster clearance and respiration rates in response to acute and chronic exposure to suspended sediment loads: Journal of Sea Research, v. 157, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2019.101831.","productDescription":"101831, 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-109899","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/animalsciences_pubs/794","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395621,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Bay Gardene","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.68508720397949,\n 29.56188581810685\n ],\n [\n -89.6129035949707,\n 29.56188581810685\n ],\n [\n -89.6129035949707,\n 29.609804580144143\n ],\n [\n -89.68508720397949,\n 29.609804580144143\n ],\n [\n -89.68508720397949,\n 29.56188581810685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"157","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"La Peyre, Megan K. 0000-0001-9936-2252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":264343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"Megan K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernasconi, S. K.","contributorId":274906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernasconi","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lavaud, R.","contributorId":273051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lavaud","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":32913,"text":"Louisiana State University Agricultural Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casas, S. M.","contributorId":272906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casas","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"La Peyre, J. F.","contributorId":273052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"La Peyre","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":32913,"text":"Louisiana State University Agricultural Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70211297,"text":"70211297 - 2020 - Conservation genomics in a changing arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-22T13:02:15.108559","indexId":"70211297","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-01T09:00:33","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation genomics in a changing arctic","docAbstract":"Although logistically challenging to study, the Arctic is a bellwether for global change and is becoming a model for questions pertinent to the persistence of biodiversity. Disruption of Arctic ecosystems is accelerating, with impacts ranging from mixing of biotic communities to individual behavioral responses. Understanding these changes is crucial for conservation and sustainable economic development. Genomic approaches are providing transformative insights into biotic responses to environmental change, but have seen limited application in the Arctic due to a series of limitations. To meet the promise of genome analyses, we urge rigorous development of biorepositories from high latitudes to provide essential libraries to improve the conservation, monitoring, and management of Arctic ecosystems through genomic approaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2019.09.008","usgsCitation":"Colella, J.P., Talbot, S.L., Brochmann, C., Taylor, E.B., Hoberg, E.P., and Cook, J.A., 2020, Conservation genomics in a changing arctic: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 35, no. 2, p. 149-162, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2019.09.008.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"162","ipdsId":"IP-106748","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colella, Jocelyn P.","contributorId":190332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colella","given":"Jocelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":793623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brochmann, Christian","contributorId":229606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brochmann","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13158,"text":"Natural History Museum, University of Oslo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Eric B. 0000-0002-3974-6315","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3974-6315","contributorId":124524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5083,"text":"University of British Columbia, Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Research Centre and Beaty Biodiversity Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hoberg, Eric P.","contributorId":102448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoberg","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":793627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cook, Joseph A.","contributorId":8323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70210678,"text":"70210678 - 2020 - Final project memorandum: Identifying conservation objectives for the Gulf Coast habitats of the black skimmer and gull-billed tern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-17T14:01:00.671249","indexId":"70210678","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-01T08:55:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5883,"text":"Cooperator Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Final project memorandum: Identifying conservation objectives for the Gulf Coast habitats of the black skimmer and gull-billed tern","docAbstract":"Many shorebirds and nearshore waterbirds are of conservation concern across the Gulf of Mexico due to stressors such as human disturbance, predation, and habitat loss and degradation. Conservation and protection of these birds is important for the functioning of healthy ecosystems and for maintaining biodiversity in North America. Consequently, resource managers along the Gulf need decision-aiding tools that can help to answer important conservation questions for different species (e.g., how much area should be targeted by management actions to meet a species’ needs). To address this need, project researchers developed statistical models that could help identify habitat conservation objectives and actions for bird species taking into account different Gulf coast conservation scenarios that might occur in response to sea-level rise. The project focused specifically on the Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger) and Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica), two species designated as U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species of Conservation Concern and Gulf Coast Joint Venture Priority Species. These two birds are also representative of a variety of other beach and barrier-island nesting birds whose nesting habitats are threatened by sea-level rise (e.g., Least Tern, Snowy and Wilson’s Plover). The statistical models linked each bird’s abundance to habitat characteristics that could be influenced by different management actions. This information could be used to identify conservation objectives under different conservation scenarios.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","usgsCitation":"Cronin, J.P., 2020, Final project memorandum: Identifying conservation objectives for the Gulf Coast habitats of the black skimmer and gull-billed tern: Cooperator Report, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116728","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375665,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":375615,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://secasc.ncsu.edu/science/gulf-coast-habitats/"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 25.363882272740256\n ],\n [\n -82.6611328125,\n 29.726222319395504\n ],\n [\n -87.451171875,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -91.7578125,\n 30.713503990354965\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 29.19053283229458\n ],\n [\n -98.2177734375,\n 26.588527147308614\n ],\n [\n -98.26171875,\n 22.79643932091949\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 19.02057711096681\n ],\n [\n -93.69140625,\n 17.811456088564483\n ],\n [\n -90.966796875,\n 18.312810846425442\n ],\n [\n -88.6376953125,\n 20.838277806058933\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 25.363882272740256\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, James P. 0000-0001-6791-5828 jcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6791-5828","contributorId":5834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"James","email":"jcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208277,"text":"sir20205003 - 2020 - Extending seasonal discharge records for streamgage sites on the North Fork Fortymile and Middle Fork Fortymile Rivers, Alaska, through water year 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-25T20:48:21.74271","indexId":"sir20205003","displayToPublicDate":"2020-01-31T17:09:16","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5003","displayTitle":"Extending Seasonal Discharge Records for Streamgage Sites on the North Fork Fortymile and Middle Fork Fortymile Rivers, Alaska, through Water Year 2019","title":"Extending seasonal discharge records for streamgage sites on the North Fork Fortymile and Middle Fork Fortymile Rivers, Alaska, through water year 2019","docAbstract":"Daily mean discharge values were estimated for May 20–September 30 for 1976–82 and 2006–18 for the U.S. Geological Survey North Fork Fortymile River and Middle Fork Fortymile River streamgage sites in Alaska. A relation between study streamgage discharge and discharge for an index streamgage on the main-stem Fortymile River for a concurrent period in 2019 was developed using the maintenance of variance extension type 3 (MOVE.3) record extension technique. The relation for North Fork Fortymile River discharges incorporated a 1-day-earlier offset to index streamgage discharges. No offset was applied to the index streamgage discharges for use with the Middle Fork Fortymile River discharges. The developed MOVE.3 regressions were used to estimate daily mean discharges at the study streamgage sites during the study season for the longer period of record of the index streamgage. The modified Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients for the estimated records were 0.38 and 0.63 for the North Fork Fortymile River and Middle Fork Fortymile River streamgages, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205003","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Curran, J.H., 2020, Extending seasonal discharge records for streamgage sites on the North Fork Fortymile and Middle Fork Fortymile Rivers, Alaska, through water year 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5003, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205003.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 11 p.; 1 Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-114440","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399626,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109660.htm"},{"id":371893,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5003/sir20205003.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5033"},{"id":371892,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5003/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":371894,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5003/sir20205003_appendix1.csv","text":"Appendix 1","size":"137 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"SIR 2020-5033 Appendix 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Fortymile River, Middle Fork Fortymile River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -144.3333,\n 63.1667\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 63.1667\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 64.75\n ],\n [\n -144.3333,\n 64.75\n ],\n [\n -144.3333,\n 63.1667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Alaska Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Drive
Anchorage, Alaska 99508
Unsustainably high mortality within the first 2 years of life prevents endangered Lost River Suckers Deltistes luxatus in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, from recruiting to spawning populations. Massive blooms of the cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flos‐aquae and their subsequent death and decay in the lake (bloom‐crashes) are associated with high pH, low percent oxygen saturation, high total ammonia concentrations, and spikes in the cyanotoxin microcystin. Poor water quality within the lake is considered the most likely cause of juvenile sucker mortality, but mechanisms causing the high mortality are not known. We introduced PIT‐tagged age‐1 Lost River suckers into three continuously monitored mesocosms in Upper Klamath Lake to determine the timing of juvenile sucker mortality relative to pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen. Mortality was inferred from a lack of movement detected on remote PIT tag detection equipment within each mesocosm. Mortality was compared among mesocosms and an indoor tank‐held control group. We fitted time‐varying Cox hazard models to test hypotheses about short‐term and chronic effects of single and co‐occurring water quality parameters on the daily hazard rate. Presumed healthy or moribund fish that were collected pre‐season, mid‐season, or at the end of the study were examined macroscopically and histologically to generate inferences about the causes of mortality. Models did not indicate a plausible association between water quality variables and mortality. Hypoxia preceded periods of higher mortality at two of three sites but did not co‐occur with mortality. Hatchery‐reared Lost River Suckers confined to mesocosms may not represent the behavior of wild fish, and it is unclear whether the same factors affect the mortality of wild age‐0 suckers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10227","usgsCitation":"Burdick, S.M., Hereford, D.M., Conway, C.M., Banet, N.V., Powers, R., Martin, B.A., and Elliott, D.G., 2020, Mortality of endangered juvenile Lost River Suckers associated with cyanobacteria blooms in mesocosms in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 149, no. 3, p. 245-265, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10227.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"265","ipdsId":"IP-111701","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377390,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.13226318359375,\n 42.200038266046754\n ],\n [\n -121.74774169921875,\n 42.200038266046754\n ],\n [\n -121.74774169921875,\n 42.60768474453004\n ],\n [\n -122.13226318359375,\n 42.60768474453004\n ],\n [\n -122.13226318359375,\n 42.200038266046754\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"149","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hereford, Danielle M 0000-0001-8993-6144","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8993-6144","contributorId":238014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hereford","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":47681,"text":"U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, Klamath Basin Area Office, 6600 Washburn Way, Klamath Falls, Oregon, 97603","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banet, Nathan V 0000-0002-8537-1702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8537-1702","contributorId":238015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banet","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"V","affiliations":[{"id":24583,"text":"former USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powers, Rachel L. 0000-0001-6901-4361","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-4361","contributorId":190182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Rachel L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martin, Barbara A. 0000-0002-9415-6377 barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-6377","contributorId":2855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Barbara","email":"barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70217164,"text":"70217164 - 2020 - Predictive relations between acid-base chemistry and fish assemblages in streams of the Adirondack Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T17:30:33.449604","indexId":"70217164","displayToPublicDate":"2020-01-31T11:26:17","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5590,"text":"NYSERDA Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"20-04","title":"Predictive relations between acid-base chemistry and fish assemblages in streams of the Adirondack Mountains","docAbstract":"Surface waters across much of New York State’s Adirondack Mountains were acidified in the late 20th century but began to recover following the 1990 Title IV Amendments to the Clean Air Act. Previous assessments of acidification recovery in the Adirondacks have generally been based on surface water chemistry data and inferred relationships to fish and other aquatic biota. Little data, however, has been available to characterize biological impacts and predict recovery of fish assemblages in streams of the region. Here, we use quantitative fish surveys combined with chemistry data from 48 headwater streams sampled during summer 2014–2016 to develop logistic (probability) models that characterize the status of contemporary fish assemblages and predict how different N and S deposition loads may affect future fish assemblages. Statistical models for inorganic aluminum (Ali) and richness ≥1 species; and for acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and total density >400 fish/0.1 ha, total biomass >1500 g/0.1 ha, brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis density >0 or >200 fish/0.1 ha, and brook trout biomass >1000 g/0.1 ha were suitable for evaluating community and population responses to changes in acid-base chemistry. Predictions of fish-assemblage responses using several of these models demonstrated that anticipated changes in national (U.S.) secondary standards for atmospheric emissions of NOx and SOx to achieve target N and S deposition loads are likely to alter the acid-base chemistry and the probabilities of observing various levels of brook trout population and fish-community metrics in streams across the region and elsewhere.