Horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of the Streambed were estimated from results of hydraulic tests along four transects across the east branch Grand Calumet River in northern Lake County, Indiana. Tests were done in two types of temporary wells installed in the Streambed 2-inch-diameter wells that had a 1- or 2-foot length of wire-wrapped screen and 3-inch-diameter wells that were open at the ends. When possible, the hydraulic tests included monitoring both falling- and rising-water levels. A total of 47 tests for horizontal hydraulic conductivity and 20 tests for vertical hydraulic conductivity were done.
\nData collected during the tests were analyzed by use of methods developed by earlier investigators. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the streambed was varied and ranged from 1.Ox1O-2 to 1.2x1O+3 feet per day. Compared to the previously reported range of horizontal hydraulic conductivity for the Calumet aquifer, 6.5X10-1 to 3.6x1O+2 feet per day, results of 24 hydraulic tests in the streambed of the east branch Grand Calumet River were within the reported range, 18 were less than the lowest reported value, and 5 were greater than the highest reported value.
\nVertical hydraulic conductivity of the streambed was less varied than horizontal hydraulic conductivity and ranged from 3.Ox1O-1 to 7.3x1O+1 feet per day. The ratio between horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity calculated for each transect ranged from 1:0.09 to 1:8.5.
\nThe hydraulic conductivity of the streambed generally was dependant on the type of sediments in the part of the streambed that was tested. Although most of the streambed contained soft, fine-grained sediments, parts of the streambed also contained fill materials including coal, cinders, and concrete and asphalt rubble. The highest values of horizontal hydraulic conductivity generally were calculated from data collected at locations where the streambed contained fill materials, particularly concrete and asphalt rubble. Horizontal hydraulic conductivities determined for 11 hydraulic tests in predominantly fill materials ranged from 1.2x1O+1 to 1.2x1O+3 feet per day and averaged 5.6x1O+2 feet per day. The lowest values of horizontal hydraulic conductivity were calculated from data collected at locations where the streambed contained fine-grained sediments. Horizontal hydraulic conductivities determined for 36 hydraulic tests in predominantly fine-grained sediments ranged from 1.Ox1O-2 to 2.4x1O+2 feet per day and averaged 1.5x1O+1 feet per day.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964218","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Duwelius, R., 1996, Hydraulic conductivity of the streambed, east branch Grand Calumet River, northern Lake County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4218, v, 37 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964218.","productDescription":"v, 37 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4218/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55782,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4218/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Lake","otherGeospatial":"Grand Calumet River","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-87.2223,41.6248],[-87.2222,41.6152],[-87.2221,41.6039],[-87.2218,41.5698],[-87.22,41.4632],[-87.2198,41.3747],[-87.2196,41.3601],[-87.22,41.3388],[-87.2198,41.3188],[-87.2197,41.3043],[-87.2189,41.2893],[-87.2187,41.2744],[-87.2193,41.2671],[-87.219,41.2426],[-87.2184,41.2417],[-87.2263,41.2353],[-87.2762,41.2187],[-87.2859,41.2154],[-87.3241,41.1862],[-87.3313,41.1829],[-87.3405,41.1824],[-87.3448,41.1824],[-87.38,41.1726],[-87.394,41.1625],[-87.4,41.1625],[-87.4055,41.1625],[-87.4147,41.1619],[-87.4411,41.1731],[-87.4466,41.174],[-87.4484,41.1744],[-87.4587,41.1702],[-87.4801,41.1701],[-87.5263,41.1661],[-87.5261,41.267],[-87.5265,41.2983],[-87.527,41.4086],[-87.5265,41.4712],[-87.5255,41.5516],[-87.5239,41.6941],[-87.524,41.7135],[-87.5234,41.7131],[-87.5134,41.7054],[-87.5158,41.7027],[-87.5133,41.7004],[-87.4997,41.6914],[-87.4922,41.6865],[-87.4848,41.6843],[-87.4829,41.6811],[-87.4768,41.6789],[-87.4712,41.6753],[-87.4613,41.6718],[-87.4503,41.6741],[-87.4397,41.6647],[-87.436,41.6656],[-87.4355,41.6729],[-87.4245,41.6802],[-87.4177,41.6753],[-87.4396,41.6565],[-87.4228,41.6439],[-87.4167,41.6439],[-87.4099,41.644],[-87.4087,41.644],[-87.4044,41.6413],[-87.392,41.6382],[-87.3748,41.6329],[-87.3711,41.6315],[-87.3538,41.6285],[-87.3384,41.6259],[-87.3274,41.6259],[-87.3218,41.6219],[-87.315,41.6201],[-87.3101,41.6201],[-87.3058,41.6202],[-87.3003,41.6202],[-87.296,41.6198],[-87.2831,41.6203],[-87.2702,41.6208],[-87.2223,41.6248]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Lake\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db54629e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duwelius, R.F.","contributorId":28250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duwelius","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24371,"text":"ofr96468 - 1996 - Hydrologic data for wetland sites at Millington, Shelby County, and Huntingdon, Carroll County, Tennessee, May 1994 through September 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:11","indexId":"ofr96468","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-468","title":"Hydrologic data for wetland sites at Millington, Shelby County, and Huntingdon, Carroll County, Tennessee, May 1994 through September 1995","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data at two wetland sites near Millington and Huntingdon in West Tennessee were collected to assist efforts by the Tennessee Department of Transportation to determine hydrologic conditions at the sites prior to wetland restoration. The Millington site is located along the Big Creek Drainage Canal east of State Route 240. Water levels were monitored in thirteen 8-inch-diameter wells from July 1994 through September 1995. Water-level recorders provided continuous measurement of water level during periods of wetland inundation and depth to water table during periods of noninundation. A crest-stage indicator and a continuous-stage recorder were installed to monitor surface-water fluctuation. Precipitation data were recorded to determine timing and duration of rainfall events. Land surface at the wells was inundated from 0 to 48 percent of the study period. Additionally, water levels at the wells were within 1.5 feet of the land surface from 0 to 56 percent of the study period. The Huntingdon study site is located along the Crooked Creek Drainage Canal at State Route 22. Ground-water levels were monitored in two wells (wells W-1 and W-2) with continuous water- level recorders from May 1994 through September 1995. Water levels did not rise above land surface at either well during the study. Water levels at wells W-1 and W-2 were within 1.5 feet of the land surface 46 and 50 percent of the study period, respectively. Surface-water stage was monitored at a pond on the mitigation site.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96468","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Robinson, J.A., and Diehl, T., 1996, Hydrologic data for wetland sites at Millington, Shelby County, and Huntingdon, Carroll County, Tennessee, May 1994 through September 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-468, iv, 31 p. :ill, maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96468.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p. :ill, maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1721,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr96468","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156258,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db607c31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, J. A.","contributorId":57417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diehl, T.H.","contributorId":89170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30532,"text":"wri964122 - 1996 - Use of dye tracing in water-resources investigations in Wyoming, 1967-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:12","indexId":"wri964122","displayToPublicDate":"1997-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4122","title":"Use of dye tracing in water-resources investigations in Wyoming, 1967-94","docAbstract":"During 1967-94, the U.S. Geological Survey made numerous applications of dye tracing for water-resources investigations in Wyoming. Many of the dye tests were done in cooperation with other agencies. Results of all applications, including some previously unpublished, are described. A chronology of past applications in Wyoming and a discussion of potential future applications are included. Time-of-travel and dispersion measurements were made in a 113-mile reach of the Wind/Bighorn River below Boysen Dam; a 117-mile reach of the Green River upstream from Fontenelle Reservoir and a 70-mile reach downstream; parts of four tributaries to the Green (East Fork River, 39 miles; Big Sandy River, 112 miles; Horse Creek, 14 miles; and Blacks Fork, 14 miles); a 75-mile reach of the Little Snake River along the Wyoming-Colorado State line; and a 95-mile reach of the North Platte River downstream from Casper. Reaeration measurements were made during one of the time-of-travel measurements in the North Platte River. Sixty-eight dye-dilution measurements of stream discharge were made at 22 different sites. These included 17 measurements for verifying the stage-discharge relations for streamflow-gaging stations on North and South Brush Creeks near Saratoga, and total of 29 discharge measurements at 12 new stations at remote sites on steep, rough mountain streams crossing limestone outcrops in northeastern Wyoming. The largest discharge measured by dye tracing was 2,300 cubic feet per second. In karst terrane, four losing streams-North Fork Powder River, North Fork Crazy Woman Creek, Little Tongue River, and Smith Creek-were dye-tested. In the Middle Popo Agie River, a sinking stream in Sinks Canyon State Park, a dye test verified the connection of the sink (Sinks of Lander Cave) to the rise, where flow in the stream resumes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964122","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.F., and Rankl, J., 1996, Use of dye tracing in water-resources investigations in Wyoming, 1967-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4122, vi, 64 p. :ill, maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964122.","productDescription":"vi, 64 p. :ill, maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4122/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59309,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e487ee4b07f02db514c07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, J. F. Jr.","contributorId":99541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rankl, J.G.","contributorId":107733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankl","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4893,"text":"ds41 - 1996 - Great Basin geoscience data base","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-28T13:28:18","indexId":"ds41","displayToPublicDate":"1997-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"41","title":"Great Basin geoscience data base","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM serves as the archive for 73 digital GIS data set for the Great Basin. The data sets cover Nevada, eastern California, southeastern Oregon, southern Idaho, and western Utah. Some of the data sets are incomplete for the total area. On the CD-ROM, the data are provided in three formats, a prototype Federal Data Exchange standard format, the ESRI PC ARCVIEW1 format for viewing the data, and the ESRI ARC/INFO export format. Extensive documentation is provided to describe the data, the sources, and data enhancements. The following data are provided. One group of coverages comes primarily from 1:2,000,000-scale National Atlas data and can be assembled for use as base maps. These various forms of topographic information. In addition, public land system data sets are provided from the 1:2,500,000-scale Geologic Map of the United States and 1:500,000-scale geologic maps of Nevada, Oregon, and Utah. Geochemical data from the National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) program are provided for most of the Great Basin. Geophysical data are provided for most of the Great Basin, typically gridded data with a spacing of 1 km. The geophysical data sets include aeromagnetics, gravity, radiometric data, and several derivative products. The thematic data sets include geochronology, calderas, pluvial lakes, tectonic extension domains, distribution of pre-Cenozoic terranes, limonite anomalies, Landsat linear features, mineral sites, and Bureau of Land Management exploration and mining permits.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ds41","issn":"1088-1018","isbn":"060786141X","collaboration":"The USGS does not provide technical support for the software associated with this publication.","usgsCitation":"Raines, G.L., Sawatzky, D.L., and Connors, K.A., 1996, Great Basin geoscience data base: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 41, 1 computer laser optical disc ;4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds41.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc ;4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282962,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/041/application.zip"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.25,35 ], [ -122.25,44.5 ], [ -110.75,44.5 ], [ -110.75,35 ], [ -122.25,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671cd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, Gary L.","contributorId":48162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sawatzky, Don L.","contributorId":99110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawatzky","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connors, Katherine A.","contributorId":53785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connors","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26564,"text":"wri944090 - 1996 - Hydrogeology of, and simulation of ground-water flow in, a mantled carbonate-rock system, Cumberland Valley, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T20:34:37.822011","indexId":"wri944090","displayToPublicDate":"1997-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4090","title":"Hydrogeology of, and simulation of ground-water flow in, a mantled carbonate-rock system, Cumberland Valley, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a study in a highly productive and complex regolith-mantled carbonate valley in the northeastern part of the Cumberland Valley, Pa., as part of its Appalachian Valleys and Piedmont Regional Aquifer-system Analysis program. The study was designed to quantify the hydrogeologic characteristics and understand the ground-water flow system of a highly productive and complex thickly mantled carbonate valley. The Cumberland Valley is characterized by complexly folded and faulted carbonate bedrock in the valley bottom, by shale and graywacke to the north, and by red-sedimentary and diabase rocks in the east-southeast. Near the southern valley hillslope, the carbonate rock is overlain by wedge-shaped deposit of regolith, up to 450 feet thick, that is composed of residual material, alluvium, and colluvium. Locally, saturated regolith is greater than 200 feet thick. Seepage-run data indicate that stream reaches, near valley walls, are losing water from the stream, through the regolith, to the ground-water system. Results of hydrograph-separation analyses indicate that base flow in stream basins dominated by regolith-mantled carbonate rock, carbonate rock, and carbonate rock and shale are 81.6, 93.0, and 67.7 percent of total streamflow, respectively. The relative high percentage for the regolith-mantled carbonate-rock basin indicates that the regolith stores precipitation and slowly, steadily releases this water to the carbonate-rock aquifer and to streams as base flow. Anomalies in water-table gradients and configuration are a result of topography and differences in the character and distribution of overburden material, permeability, rock type, and geologic structure. Most ground-water flow is local, and ground water discharges to nearby springs and streams. Regional flow is northeastward to the Susquehanna River. Average-annual water budgets were calculated for the period of record from two continuous streamflow-gaging stations. Average-annual precipitation range from 39.0 to 40.5 inches, and averages about 40 inches for the model area. Average-annual recharge, which was assumed equal to the average-annual base flow, ranged from 12 inches for the Conodoguinet Creek, and 15 inches for the Yellow Breeches Creek. The thickly-mantled carbonate system was modeled as a three- dimensional water-table aquifer. Recharge to, ground-water flow through, and discharge from the Cumberland Valley were simulated. The model was calibrated for steady-state conditions using average recharge and discharge data. Aquifer horizontal hydraulic conductivity was calculated from specific-capacity data for each geologic unit in the area. Particle-tracking analyses indicate that interbasin and intrabasin flows of groundwater occur within the Yellow Breeches Creek Basin and between the Yellow Breeches and Conodoguinet Creek Basins.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944090","usgsCitation":"Chichester, D., 1996, Hydrogeology of, and simulation of ground-water flow in, a mantled carbonate-rock system, Cumberland Valley, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4090, v, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944090.","productDescription":"v, 39 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395404,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47983.htm"},{"id":55429,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4090/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4090/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Cumberland Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.6167,\n 39.95\n ],\n [\n -76.8528,\n 39.95\n ],\n [\n -76.8528,\n 40.333\n ],\n [\n -77.6167,\n 40.333\n ],\n [\n -77.6167,\n 39.95\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db6148e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chichester, D. C.","contributorId":61856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chichester","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30588,"text":"wri954243 - 1996 - Water quality of large discharges from mines in the anthracite region of eastern Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-06T14:23:27","indexId":"wri954243","displayToPublicDate":"1997-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4243","title":"Water quality of large discharges from mines in the anthracite region of eastern Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"In 1991, 99 of the 102 coal mines in the anthracite coal fields of Pennsylvania that discharged 1.0 cubic foot per second or more when water-quality samples were collected in 1975 were revisited. Water was not discharging from 15 of these 99 mines in 1991. Discharge, water temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, sulfate, iron, manganese, alkalinity, and acidity were measured in water samples collected at 84 mines to assess changes in water quality from 1975 to 1991. The pH increased in water samples of 64 of the 81 mines. However, acidity was essentially unchanged. Concentrations of iron decreased in water discharge samples from 57 of 82 mines, manganese concentrations decreased in samples from 23 of 26 mines, and sulfate concentrations decreased in samples from 62 of 77 mines. The median change in sulfate was a decrease of 139 milligrams per liter. Alkalinity increased in water discharge samples from 43 mines, remained the same at 22 mines, and decreased at 14 mines. In 1975, the samples were collected during high base flow in the spring; in 1991, samples were collected during lower-than-normal base flow in the fall. This may have affected the comparison.\r\n Many mine discharges have elevated concentrations of aluminum, calcium, cobalt, iron, lithium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, strontium, zinc, and sulfate.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954243","usgsCitation":"Wood, C.R., 1996, Water quality of large discharges from mines in the anthracite region of eastern Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4243, v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954243.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":59348,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4243/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4243/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.5802001953125,\n 40.30257076364479\n ],\n [\n -75.10528564453125,\n 40.30257076364479\n ],\n [\n -75.10528564453125,\n 41.64623592868676\n ],\n [\n -76.5802001953125,\n 41.64623592868676\n ],\n [\n -76.5802001953125,\n 40.30257076364479\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9972","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, C. R.","contributorId":100386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33101,"text":"b00O - 1996 - Burial and thermal history of the Paradox Basin, Utah and Colorado, and petroleum potential of the Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":33101,"text":"b00O - 1996 - Burial and thermal history of the Paradox Basin, Utah and Colorado, and petroleum potential of the Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation","indexId":"b00O","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"chapter":"O","title":"Burial and thermal history of the Paradox Basin, Utah and Colorado, and petroleum potential of the Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33201,"text":"b2000 - 1993 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Paradox Basin","indexId":"b2000","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Paradox Basin"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33201,"text":"b2000 - 1993 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Paradox Basin","indexId":"b2000","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Paradox Basin"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-24T20:07:41.454988","indexId":"b00O","displayToPublicDate":"1997-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000","chapter":"O","title":"Burial and thermal history of the Paradox Basin, Utah and Colorado, and petroleum potential of the Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation","docAbstract":"The Ismay-Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle of the Alkali Gulch interval of the Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation in the Paradox Basin of Utah and Colorado contain excellent organic-rich source rocks having total organic carbon contents ranging from 0.5 to 11.0 percent. The source rocks in both intervals contain types I, II, and III organic matter and are potential source rocks for both oil and gas. Organic matter in the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle of the Alkali Gulch interval (hereinafter referred to in this report as the \"Cane Creek cycle\") probably is more terrestrial in origin in the eastern part of the basin and is interpreted to have contributed to some of the gas produced there.
Thermal maturity increases from southwest to northeast for both the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle, following structural and burial trends throughout the basin. In the northernmost part of the basin, the combination of a relatively thick Tertiary sedimentary sequence and high basinal heat flow has produced very high thermal maturities. Although general thermal maturity trends are similar for both the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle, actual maturity levels are higher for the Cane Creek due to the additional thickness (as much as several thousand feet) of Middle Pennsylvanian section.
Throughout most of the basin, the Ismay-Desert Creek interval is mature and in the petroleum-generation window (0.10 to 0.50 production index (PI)), and both oil and gas are produced; in the south-central to southwestern part of the basin, however, the interval is marginally mature (<0.10 PI) for petroleum generation, and mainly oil is produced. In contrast, the more mature Cane Creek cycle contains no marginally immature areas—it is mature (>0.10 PI) in the central part of the basin and is overmature (past the petroleum-generation window (>0.50 PI)) throughout most of the eastern part of the basin. The Cane Creek cycle generally produces oil and associated gas throughout the western and central parts of the basin and thermogenic gas in the eastern part of the basin.
Burial and thermal-history models were constructed for six different areas of the Paradox Basin. In the Monument upwarp area, the least mature part of the basin, the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle have thermal maturities of 0.10 and 0.20 PI and were buried to 13,400 ft and 14,300 ft, respectively. A constant heat flow through time of 40 mWm-2 (milliwatts per square meter) is postulated for this area. Significant petroleum generation began at 45 Ma for the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and at 69 Ma for the Cane Creek cycle.
In the area around the confluence of the Green and Colorado Rivers, the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle have thermal maturities of 0.20 and 0.25 PI and were buried to 13,000 ft and 14,200 ft, respectively. A constant heat flow through time of 42 mWm-2 is postulated for this area. Significant petroleum generation began at 60 Ma for the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and at 75 Ma for the Cane Creek cycle.
In the area around the town of Green River, Utah, the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle have thermal maturities of 0.60 and greater and were buried to 14,000 ft and 15,400 ft, respectively. A constant heat flow through time of 53 mWm-2 is proposed for this area. Significant petroleum generation began at 82 Ma for the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and at 85 Ma for the Cane Creek cycle.
Around Moab, Utah, in the deeper, eastern part of the basin, the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle have thermal maturities of 0.30 and around 0.35 PI and were buried to 18,250 ft and 22,000 ft, respectively. A constant heat flow through time of 40 mWm-2 is postulated for this area. Significant petroleum generation began at 79 Ma for the Ismay-Desert Creek interval and at 90 Ma for the Cane Creek cycle.
At Lisbon Valley, also in the structurally deeper part of the basin, the Ismayy–Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle have thermal maturities of 0.30 and greater than 0.60 PI and were buried to 15,750 ft and 21,500 ft, respectively. A constant heat flow through time of 44 mWm–2 is postulated for this area. Significant petroleum generation began at 79 Ma for the Ismay–Desert Creek interval and at 100 Ma for the Cane Creek cycle.
The area around Hermosa, Colo., in the southeastern part of the basin, has experienced a shallower burial history than the other areas in the basin, yet it has one of the highest thermal maturities. Here, the Ismay–Desert Creek interval and Cane Creek cycle have vitrinite reflectance values of 1.58 and 1.63 percent and were buried to 13,700 ft and 15,500 ft, respectively. Due to Tertiary igneous activity in this part of the basin, a variable heat flow is proposed: from 600 to 30 Ma, 45 mWm–2; from 30 to 25 Ma, 63 mWm–2; and from 25 Ma to present, 50 mWm–2. Significant petroleum generation began at 72 Ma for the Ismay–Desert Creek interval and at 76 Ma for the Cane Creek cycle.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Paradox basin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b00O","usgsCitation":"Nuccio, V.F., and Condon, S.M., 1996, Burial and thermal history of the Paradox Basin, Utah and Colorado, and petroleum potential of the Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2000, iii, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b00O.","productDescription":"iii, 41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392102,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22256.htm"},{"id":3297,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2000o/b2000o.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":160624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Paradox Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.5,\n 36.417\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 36.417\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 39.250\n ],\n [\n -110.5,\n 39.250\n ],\n [\n -110.5,\n 36.417\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b4e4b07f02db532964","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nuccio, Vito F. vnuccio@usgs.gov","contributorId":853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nuccio","given":"Vito","email":"vnuccio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":209893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Condon, Steven M.","contributorId":95464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Condon","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30357,"text":"wri964200 - 1996 - Hydrogeology and analysis of ground-water-flow system, Sagamore Marsh area, southeastern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T14:08:59","indexId":"wri964200","displayToPublicDate":"1997-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4200","title":"Hydrogeology and analysis of ground-water-flow system, Sagamore Marsh area, southeastern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"A study of the hydrogeology and an analysis of the ground-water-flow system near Sagamore Marsh, southeastern Massachusetts, was undertaken to improve the understanding of the current (1994 95) hydrogeologic conditions near the marsh and how the ground-water system might respond to proposed changes in the tidal-stage regime of streams that flood and drain the marsh. Sagamore Marsh is in a coastal area that is bounded to the east by Cape Cod Bay and to the south by the Cape Cod Canal. The regional geology is characterized by deltaic and glaciolacustrine sediments. The sediments consist of gravel, sand, silt, and clay and are part of the Plymouth-Carver regional aquifer system. The glacial sediments are hounded laterally by marine sand, silt, and clay along the coast. The principal aquifer in the area consists of fine to coarse glacial sand and is locally confined by fine-grained glaciolacustrine deposits consisting of silt and sandy clay and fine-grained salt-marsh sediments consisting of peat and clay. The aquifer is underlain by finer grained glaciolacustrine sediments in upland areas and by marine clay along the coast.
Shallow ground water discharges primarily along the edge of the marsh, whereas deeper ground water flows beneath the marsh and discharges to Cape Cod Bay. Tidal pulses originating from Cape Cod Bay and from tidal channels in the marsh are rapidly attenuated in the subsurface. Tidal ranges in Cape Cod Bay and in the tidal channels were on the order of 9 and 1.5 feet, respectively, whereas tidal ranges in the ground-water levels were less than 0.2 foot. Tidal pulses measured in the water table beneath a barrier beach between the marsh and Cape Cod Bay were more in phase with tidal pulses from Cape Cod Bay than with tidal pulses from the tidal channels in Sagamore Marsh, whereas tidal pulses in the regional aquifer were more in phase with tidal pulses from the tidal channels.
A 5-day aquifer test at a public-supply well adjacent to the marsh gave a transmissivity of the regional aquifer of 9,300 to 10,900 feet squared per day and a hydraulic conductivity of 181 to 213 feet per day, assuming a saturated thickness of the aquifer of 51.3 feet. The regional aquifer became unconfined near the pumped well during the test. The ratio of tidal ranges in the tidal channel to the ranges in the underlying aquifer at two sites (the lower and upper marsh) indicated aquifer diffusivities for the marsh sediments of 380 and 170 feet squared per day; these values correspond to hydraulic conductivities of 2.5 x 10-3 and 1.7 x 10-3 feet per day, respectively. The maximum distances from the tidal channel at the lower and upper marsh sites where tidal ranges would exceed 0.01 foot, as calculated from aquifer diffusivities and current (1995) tidal ranges in the tidal channels, were 24.4 and 26.7 feet, respectively. The maximum distances from the tidal channel where tidal pulses in the ground water would exceed 0.01 foot, using potential increased tidal stages resulting from proposed tidal-stage modifications and predicted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, were 37.1 and 42.0 feet, respectively.
A numerical model of the marsh and surrounding aquifer system indicated that the contributing area for the supply well adjacent to the marsh, for current (1994) pumping conditions, extends toward Great Herring Pond, about 2 miles northwest (upgradient) of the well, and does not extend beneath the marsh. The model also indicates that the predicted increases in tidal stages in the marsh will have a negligible effect on local ground-water levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964200","usgsCitation":"Walter, D.A., Masterson, J.P., and Barlow, P.M., 1996, Hydrogeology and analysis of ground-water-flow system, Sagamore Marsh area, southeastern Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4200, v, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964200.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345232,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4200/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4200/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Sagamore Marsh","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db6275e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walter, Donald A. 0000-0003-0879-4477 dawalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-4477","contributorId":1101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Donald","email":"dawalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":171510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":203112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22048,"text":"ofr96543 - 1996 - Preliminary paleontologic report on core T-24, Little Madeira Bay, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:58:52","indexId":"ofr96543","displayToPublicDate":"1997-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-543","title":"Preliminary paleontologic report on core T-24, Little Madeira Bay, Florida","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96543","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ishman, S., Brewster-Wingard, G., Willard, D., Cronin, T.M., Edwards, L.E., and Holmes, C.W., 1996, Preliminary paleontologic report on core T-24, Little Madeira Bay, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-543, 46 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96543.","productDescription":"46 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1212,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pdf/of/ofr96543.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Little Madeira Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.68702697753906,\n 25.158958480083598\n ],\n [\n -80.58265686035156,\n 25.158958480083598\n ],\n [\n -80.58265686035156,\n 25.205562422199467\n ],\n [\n -80.68702697753906,\n 25.205562422199467\n ],\n [\n -80.68702697753906,\n 25.158958480083598\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cd7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ishman, S. E.","contributorId":20346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishman","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewster-Wingard, G. L.","contributorId":102508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewster-Wingard","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":85982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":36076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":24758,"text":"ofr96256 - 1996 - Mineral resource assessment of the Custer National Forest in the Pryor Mountains, Carbon County, south-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-17T19:41:15.549644","indexId":"ofr96256","displayToPublicDate":"1997-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-256","title":"Mineral resource assessment of the Custer National Forest in the Pryor Mountains, Carbon County, south-central Montana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96256","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., Wilson, A., Hammarstrom, J.M., and Kulik, D.M., 1996, Mineral resource assessment of the Custer National Forest in the Pryor Mountains, Carbon County, south-central Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-256, iii, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96256.","productDescription":"iii, 76 p.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391811,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22950.htm"},{"id":53784,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0256/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0256/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Carbon County","otherGeospatial":"Custer National Forest, Pryor Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.638,\n 45.09\n ],\n [\n -108.312,\n 45.09\n ],\n [\n -108.312,\n 45.217\n ],\n [\n -108.638,\n 45.217\n ],\n [\n -108.638,\n 45.09\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, B. S. 0000-0003-4214-3811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":97907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"B.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, A.B. 0000-0002-9737-2614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-2614","contributorId":63818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"A.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammarstrom, J. M.","contributorId":34513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kulik, D. M.","contributorId":46948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulik","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":22162,"text":"ofr96513A - 1996 - Significant metalliferous and selected non-metalliferous lode deposits and placer districts for the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T19:41:55.079942","indexId":"ofr96513A","displayToPublicDate":"1997-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-513","chapter":"A","title":"Significant metalliferous and selected non-metalliferous lode deposits and placer districts for the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96513A","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W.J., Bundtzen, T., Dawson, K.M., Eremin, R.A., Goryachev, N., Koch, R.D., Ratkin, V.V., Rozenblum, I.S., Shpikerman, V.I., Frolov, Y.F., Gorodinsky, M.E., Melnikov, V.D., Ognyanov, N.V., Petrachenko, E.D., Pozdeev, A.I., Ross, K.V., Wood, D.H., Grybeck, D., Khanchuk, A.I., Kovbas, L.I., Nekrasov, I.Y., and Sidorov, A.A., 1996, Significant metalliferous and selected non-metalliferous lode deposits and placer districts for the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-513, 385 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96513A.","productDescription":"385 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409594,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_44627.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51607,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0513a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0513a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130,\n 71.417\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 71.417\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 51.228\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 51.228\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 71.417\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 179.9,\n 71.417\n ],\n [\n 172,\n 71.417\n ],\n [\n 172,\n 51.228\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n 51.228\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n 71.417\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633bc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, Kenneth M.","contributorId":97525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eremin, Roman A.","contributorId":105759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eremin","given":"Roman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goryachev, Nikolai A.","contributorId":7318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goryachev","given":"Nikolai A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koch, Richard D. rkoch@usgs.gov","contributorId":4413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Richard","email":"rkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":187386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ratkin, Vladimir V.","contributorId":79924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratkin","given":"Vladimir","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rozenblum, Ilya S.","contributorId":77960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rozenblum","given":"Ilya","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shpikerman, Vladimir I.","contributorId":35766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shpikerman","given":"Vladimir","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Frolov, Yuri F.","contributorId":16041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frolov","given":"Yuri","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gorodinsky, Mary E.","contributorId":81136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorodinsky","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Melnikov, Vladimir D.","contributorId":57101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melnikov","given":"Vladimir","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ognyanov, Nikolai V.","contributorId":18802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ognyanov","given":"Nikolai","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Petrachenko, Eugene D.","contributorId":50557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrachenko","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Pozdeev, Anany I.","contributorId":10454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pozdeev","given":"Anany","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ross, Katherina V.","contributorId":67120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Katherina","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Wood, Douglas H.","contributorId":44579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Grybeck, Donald","contributorId":8066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grybeck","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Khanchuk, Alexander I.","contributorId":19585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khanchuk","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Kovbas, Lidiya I.","contributorId":106527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovbas","given":"Lidiya","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Nekrasov, Ivan Ya.","contributorId":87172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nekrasov","given":"Ivan","email":"","middleInitial":"Ya.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Sidorov, Anatoly A.","contributorId":36589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sidorov","given":"Anatoly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}} ,{"id":26893,"text":"wri964113 - 1996 - Trends in nutrient inflows to the Gulf of Mexico from streams draining the conterminous United States, 1972-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T09:49:01","indexId":"wri964113","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4113","title":"Trends in nutrient inflows to the Gulf of Mexico from streams draining the conterminous United States, 1972-93","docAbstract":"Trends are computed for nutrient inflows from 37 streams discharging into the Gulf of Mexico. The drainage areas of these streams represent about 86 percent of the drainage area to the Gulf from the conterminous United States. The period analyzed varies for each stream, but generally includes water years 1972-93. Stations included in this analysis primarily are part of the National Stream Quality Accounting Network operated by the U.S. Geological Survey.
Short-term trends for each station are indicated by LOWESS smooth lines superimposed on graphs of the relations between flow-adjusted residuals of concentration and time or load and time. Long-term trends were evaluated using Kendall's tau and the slope of the Kendall-Theil robust line. Long- term trends for each station are indicated by Kendall-Theil robust lines superimposed on the aforementioned graphs. Annual loads are estimated with regression analysis and corrected for log-transformation bias with the Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator. Trends in annual streamflow are presented to aid in the interpretation of trends in nutrient inflows.
Statistically significant, long-term increases in flow-adjusted residual concentrations of total nitrogen were detected at 19 stations, decreases were detected at 7 stations, and no significant trends were detected at 11 stations. Long-term increases in total nitrogen load were detected at 3 stations, decreases were detected at 4 stations, and no significant trends were detected at 30 stations. Long-term increases in flow-adjusted residual concentrations of total phosphorus were detected at 7 stations, decreases were detected at 11 stations, and no significant trends were detected at 19 stations. Long-term increases in total phosphorus load were detected at 3 stations, decreases were detected at 12 stations, and no significant trends were detected at 22 stations.
The median yields (mean annual load divided by drainage area) of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were significantly lower (p < 0.05) for the 13 streams in Texas than for the 24 streams east of the Sabine River (Texas-Louisiana boundary).
Statistically significant trends in annual streamflow were detected at only four stations. However, annual streamflow influences trends in load, even when the streamflow trends are not statistically significant.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri964113","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Gulf of Mexico Program, Nutrient Enrichment Issue Committtee","usgsCitation":"Dunn, D.E., 1996, Trends in nutrient inflows to the Gulf of Mexico from streams draining the conterminous United States, 1972-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4113, v, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964113.","productDescription":"v, 60 p.","temporalStart":"1972-01-01","temporalEnd":"1993-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri964113.JPG"},{"id":1986,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri96-4113/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.92578124999999,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 27.866721430409707\n ],\n [\n -99.5361328125,\n 27.27416111737468\n ],\n [\n -99.29443359375,\n 26.902476886279807\n ],\n [\n -99.07470703125,\n 26.41155054662258\n ],\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 26.254009699865737\n ],\n [\n -98.41552734375,\n 26.09625490696853\n ],\n [\n -97.8662109375,\n 26.09625490696853\n ],\n [\n -97.42675781249999,\n 25.859223554761407\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 25.958044673317843\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 26.43122806450644\n ],\n [\n -97.36083984375,\n 26.96124577052697\n ],\n [\n -97.27294921875,\n 27.31321389856826\n ],\n [\n -97.09716796875,\n 27.839076094777816\n ],\n [\n -96.65771484375,\n 28.16887518006332\n ],\n [\n -95.99853515625,\n 28.536274512989916\n ],\n [\n -95.33935546875,\n 28.825425374477224\n ],\n [\n -94.89990234375,\n 29.113775395114416\n ],\n [\n -94.52636718749999,\n 29.49698759653577\n ],\n [\n -93.955078125,\n 29.630771207229\n ],\n [\n -93.01025390625,\n 29.66896252599253\n ],\n [\n -92.373046875,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -91.93359375,\n 29.477861195816843\n ],\n [\n -91.60400390625,\n 29.32472016151103\n ],\n [\n -91.29638671875,\n 29.19053283229458\n ],\n [\n -90.4833984375,\n 29.132970130878636\n ],\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 28.94086176940557\n ],\n [\n -89.7802734375,\n 29.171348850951507\n ],\n [\n -89.49462890625,\n 29.0945770775118\n ],\n [\n -89.31884765624999,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n -88.76953125,\n 29.113775395114416\n ],\n [\n -88.92333984375,\n 29.401319510041485\n ],\n [\n -89.3408203125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -89.14306640625,\n 29.783449456820605\n ],\n [\n -88.92333984375,\n 29.954934549656144\n ],\n [\n -88.92333984375,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -87.8466796875,\n 30.164126343161097\n ],\n [\n -87.01171875,\n 30.29701788337205\n ],\n [\n -86.63818359375,\n 30.334953881988564\n ],\n [\n -86.0888671875,\n 30.20211367909724\n ],\n [\n -85.58349609375,\n 29.973970240516614\n ],\n [\n -85.4296875,\n 29.66896252599253\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 29.649868677972304\n ],\n [\n -84.5068359375,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -84.04541015625,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 29.821582720575016\n ],\n [\n -83.47412109375,\n 29.458731185355344\n ],\n [\n -83.1005859375,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 28.97931203672246\n ],\n [\n -82.79296874999999,\n 28.57487404744697\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 28.091366281406945\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 27.586197857692664\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 27.078691552927534\n ],\n [\n -82.41943359375,\n 26.725986812271756\n ],\n [\n -82.33154296875,\n 26.45090222367262\n ],\n [\n -82.001953125,\n 26.33280692289788\n ],\n [\n -82.001953125,\n 25.997549919572112\n ],\n [\n -81.84814453125,\n 25.799891182088334\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 25.70093788144426\n ],\n [\n -81.27685546875,\n 25.383735254706867\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 24.966140159912975\n ],\n [\n -81.67236328125,\n 24.746831298412058\n ],\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 24.54712317973075\n ],\n [\n -81.6064453125,\n 24.487148563173438\n ],\n [\n -80.92529296875,\n 24.706915241066355\n ],\n [\n -80.4638671875,\n 24.966140159912975\n ],\n [\n -80.09033203125,\n 25.48295117535531\n ],\n [\n -80.00244140625,\n 26.41155054662258\n ],\n [\n -80.00244140625,\n 27.00040800352175\n ],\n [\n -80.2001953125,\n 27.508271413876017\n ],\n [\n -80.48583984375,\n 28.16887518006332\n ],\n [\n -80.52978515625,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -80.88134765625,\n 29.19053283229458\n ],\n [\n -81.23291015625,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -81.36474609375,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -81.298828125,\n 31.071755902820108\n ],\n [\n -80.96923828125,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -80.52978515625,\n 32.13840869677251\n ],\n [\n -79.89257812499999,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -79.38720703125,\n 32.89803818160524\n ],\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 33.137551192346145\n ],\n [\n -78.92578124999999,\n 33.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7318","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunn, David E.","contributorId":86381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunn","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30404,"text":"wri964154 - 1996 - Low-flow characteristics and profiles for selected streams in the Roanoke River basin, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T14:25:07","indexId":"wri964154","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4154","title":"Low-flow characteristics and profiles for selected streams in the Roanoke River basin, North Carolina","docAbstract":"An understanding of the magnitude and frequency of low-flow discharges is an important part of protecting surface-water resources and planning for municipal and industrial economic expansion. Low-flow characteristics are summarized for 22 continuous-record gaging stations in North Carolina (19 sites) and Virginia (3 sites) and 60 partial-record gaging stations in the North Carolina Roanoke River Basin. Records of discharge collected through the 1994 water year are used. Flow characteristics included in the summary are (1) average annual unit flow, (2) 7Q10 low-flow discharge, the minimum average discharge for a 7 consecutive-day period occurring, on average, once in 10 years; (3) 30Q2 low-flow discharge; (4) W7Q10 low-flow discharge, similar to 7Q10 discharge except that flow during November through March only is considered; and (5) 7Q2 low-flow discharge. The potential for sustaining base flows is moderate to high in the western part of the basin as well as in the eastern and western fringes of the Piedmont and Coastal Plain physiographic provinces, respectively. Areas of low potential for sustaining base flow exist in the central part of the basin (between eastern Caswell County and western Warren County), where soils have low infiltration rates, and in lower regions of the Coastal Plain, where small streams tend to have zero flow during prolonged drought.
Drainage area and low-flow discharge profiles are presented for 10 streams in the Roanoke River Basin in North Carolina and reflect a wide range in basin size, characteristics, and streamflow conditions. The selected streams are Town Fork Creek, Hogans Creek, Mayo River, Buffalo Creek, Smith River, Country Line Creek, Dan River, Marlowe Creek, Hyco River, and Roanoke River. The drainage-area profiles show the increases in drainage areas as streams travel their course in the basin. At the mouths of streams profiled, the drainage areas range from 22 miles to about 9,700 miles. Low-flow discharges for each stream include 7Q10, 30Q2, W7Q10, and 7Q2 discharges in a continuous profile with contributions from major tributaries included.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964154","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Division of Environmental Management of the North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Weaver, J.C., 1996, Low-flow characteristics and profiles for selected streams in the Roanoke River basin, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4154, Report: iv, 56 p.; 1 Plate: 23.40 x 12.37 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964154.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 56 p.; 1 Plate: 23.40 x 12.37 inches","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4154/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59173,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4154/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":361507,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4154/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Roanoke River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.7103271484375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.7103271484375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.39593505859375,\n 35.833401703805094\n ],\n [\n -77.12677001953125,\n 35.69968630125204\n ],\n [\n -76.82601928710938,\n 35.71083783530009\n ],\n [\n -76.651611328125,\n 35.91685961322499\n ],\n [\n -76.77383422851562,\n 36.010228040656735\n ],\n [\n -77.04437255859375,\n 36.1312200154285\n ],\n [\n -77.41653442382812,\n 36.43896124085945\n ],\n [\n -77.56484985351562,\n 36.493077506552744\n ],\n [\n -78.3984375,\n 36.54053616262899\n ],\n [\n -79.40917968749999,\n 36.55377524336089\n ],\n [\n -80.37597656249999,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -80.32516479492188,\n 36.14896463588831\n ],\n [\n -79.76898193359375,\n 36.1312200154285\n ],\n [\n -79.46273803710938,\n 36.33393438759289\n ],\n [\n -79.12490844726562,\n 36.379279167407965\n ],\n [\n -79.03358459472656,\n 36.377620677623874\n ],\n [\n -78.89076232910156,\n 36.387571085823566\n ],\n [\n -78.83308410644531,\n 36.40359962073253\n ],\n [\n -77.39593505859375,\n 35.833401703805094\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6358fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, J. Curtis 0000-0001-7068-5445 jcweaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-5445","contributorId":2229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"J.","email":"jcweaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Curtis","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":203193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29338,"text":"wri964038A - 1996 - Environmental setting of benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-10T11:19:05","indexId":"wri964038A","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4038","chapter":"A","title":"Environmental setting of benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"This report describes the environmental setting of 20 benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin that are part of the Western Lake Michigan Drainages, National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Benchmark streams are defined as those that show minimal adverse effects from human activity, and they were selected on the basis of field reconnaissance and the following criteria: (1) available invertebrate or fisheries data that indicated good to excellent water quality, (2) instream habitat restoration for fisheries enhancement, and (3) land management to protect riparian vegetation. Information gathered from these benchmark sites can be used as a standard of reference to compare the health of other streams in agricultural areas on the basis of aquatic-biota communities, habitat, and water-quality characteristics. The information included in this report serves as background information that will be useful for a series of studies at these benchmark-stream sites in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages study unit as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program.
\nFour relatively homogeneous units (RHU's) in agricultural areas that differed in bedrock and surficial geology were selected for study. RHU 1 (clayey surficial deposits over carbonate bedrock) and RHU 3 (sandy-till surficial deposits over carbonate bedrock) are in adjacent agricultural areas in the Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains ecoregion. RHU 20 (sandy/sand and gravel surficial deposits over igneous and metamorphic bedrock) and RHU 26 (sandy/sand and gravel surficial deposits over sandstone bedrock) are in adjacent areas of agriculture and mixed forests in the North Central Hardwood Forests ecoregion.
\nDifferences in land use/land cover, and riparian vegetation and instream habitat characteristics are presented. Summaries of field measurements of water temperature, pH, specific conductance and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, total organic plus ammonia nitrogen, dissolved ammonium, nitrate plus nitrte as nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved orthophosphate, and atrazine are listed. Concentrations of dissolved oxygen for the sampled streams ranged from 6 A to 14.3 and met the standards set by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) for supporting fish and aquatic life. Specific conductance ranged from 98 to 753 u,Scm with values highest in RHU's 1 and 3, where streams are underlain by carbonate bedrock. Median pH did not vary greatly among the four RHU's and ranged from 6.7 to 8.8 also meeting the WDNR standards. Concentrations of total organic plus ammonia nitrogen, dissolved ammonium, total phosphorus, and dissolved orthophosphate show little variation between streams and are generally low, compared to concentrations measured in agriculturally-affected streams in the same RHU's during the same sampling period. Concentrations of the most commonly used pesticide in the study unit, atrazine, were low in all streams, and most concentrations were below trn 0.1 u,g/L detection limit. Riparian vegetation for the benchmark streams were characterized by lowland species of the native plant communities described by John T. Curtis in the \"Vegetation of Wisconsin.\" Based on the environmental setting and water-quality information collected to date, these streams appear to show minimal adverse effects from human activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964038A","usgsCitation":"Rheaume, S.J., Stewart, J., and Lenz, B.N., 1996, Environmental setting of benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4038, viii, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964038A.","productDescription":"viii, 50 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4038a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58181,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4038a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.483642578125,\n 43.1090040242731\n ],\n [\n -89.483642578125,\n 45.46783598133375\n ],\n [\n -86.737060546875,\n 45.46783598133375\n ],\n [\n -86.737060546875,\n 43.1090040242731\n ],\n [\n -89.483642578125,\n 43.1090040242731\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db602220","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rheaume, S. J.","contributorId":70804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rheaume","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, J.S.","contributorId":65890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lenz, B. N.","contributorId":106164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenz","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25869,"text":"wri954217 - 1996 - Geohydrologic site characterization of the municipal solid waste landfill facility, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss, El Paso County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-16T21:15:01.036973","indexId":"wri954217","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4217","title":"Geohydrologic site characterization of the municipal solid waste landfill facility, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss, El Paso County, Texas","docAbstract":"Geohydrologic conditions of the Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Facility (MSWLF) on the U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss, El Paso County, Texas, were evaluated by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army. The 106.03-acre MSWLF has been in operation since January 1974. The landfill contains household refuse, Post solid wastes, bulky items, grass and tree trimmings from family housing, refuse from litter cans, construction debris, classified waste (dry), dead animals, asbestos, and empty oil cans.
The MSWLF, located about 1,200 feet east of the nearest occupied structure, is estimated to receive an average of approximately 56 tons of municipal solid waste per day and, at a fill rate of 1-4 acres per year, is expected to reach its capacity by the year 2004. The MSWLF is located in the Hueco Bolson, 4 miles east of the Franklin Mountains. Elevations at the MSWLF range from 3,907 to 3,937 feet above sea level. The climate at the MSWLF and vicinity is arid continental, characterized by an abundance of sunny days, high summer temperatures, relatively cool winters typical of arid areas, scanty rainfall, and very low humidity throughout the year. Average annual temperature near the MSWLF and vicinity is 63.3 degrees Fahrenheit and annual precipitation is 7.8 inches. Potential evaporation in the El Paso area was estimated to be 65 inches per year. Soils at and adjacent to the MSWLF are nearly level to gently sloping, have a fine sandy loam subsoil, and are moderately deep over caliche.
The MSWLF is underlain by Hueco Bolson deposits of Tertiary age and typically are composed of unconsolidated to slightly consolidated interbedded sands, clay, silt, gravel, and caliche. Individual beds are not well defined and range in thickness from a fraction of an inch to about 100 feet. The primary source of ground water in the MSWLF area is in the deposits of the Hueco Bolson. A relatively thick vadose zone of approximately 300 feet overlies the aquifer of the Hueco Bolson deposits in the vicinity of the MSWLF. A deep water table prevails for all of the study area. Whether any perched water zones exist below the MSWLF is unknown. Under current conditions, extensive ground-water development by the City of El Paso encompasses the MSWLF. Hydraulic characteristics of the Hueco Bolson vary significantly as a result of the nonuniform nature of the individual beds. Wells in the vicinity of the MSWLF range in depth from about 600 feet to greater than 1,200 feet. Recharge resulting from direct infiltration of precipitation is minor due to the high evaporation and low precipitation rates. The hydraulic gradient in the vicinity of the MSWLF is generally to the south but may vary due to pumpage of a well located on the northeast corner of the perimeter boundary. Ground-water monitoring data for the MSWLF vicinity show a water-level decline of 55.65 feet from November 1958 to December 1987. Depth to water at the northeast corner of the MSWLF as of July 26, 1994, was 325.8 feet below land surface.
The city-operated Shearman Well Field, located north of the MSWLF, is a primary source of ground water for the City of El Paso. The test-pumping rate of well JL-49-05-914 (the well nearest to the MSWLF having test-pumping data) was 1,972 gallons per minute on July 20, 1992; the static water level prior to pumping was 317.54 feet below land surface. El Paso Water Utilities reports that the pumping level after 8 hours of pumping was 367.80 feet below land surface, resulting in a drawdown of 50.26 feet, transmissivity of 22,200 feet squared per day (166,000 gallons per day per foot), and specific capacity of 39.2 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown. After the well was shut off, the well recovered to a static water level of 317.46 feet below land surface on July 21, 1992.
Ground water in the El Paso area is chemically suitable for most uses. El Paso Water Utilities reports that concentrations of dissolved solids in the vicinity of the MSWLF generally range from 297 to 625 milligrams per liter (wells JL-49-05-904 and JL-49-05-915, respectively).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954217","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center, and Fort Bliss","usgsCitation":"Abeyta, C.G., 1996, Geohydrologic site characterization of the municipal solid waste landfill facility, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss, El Paso County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4217, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954217.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":424453,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48305.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54622,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4217/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":119121,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4217/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"El Paso County","otherGeospatial":"Fort Bliss","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.3972,\n 31.8847\n ],\n [\n -106.3972,\n 31.8764\n ],\n [\n -106.3883,\n 31.8764\n ],\n [\n -106.3883,\n 31.8847\n ],\n [\n -106.3972,\n 31.8847\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8de2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abeyta, Cynthia G.","contributorId":52187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abeyta","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27430,"text":"wri964046 - 1996 - Hydrogeologic factors that affect the flowpath of water in selected zones of the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-20T10:26:30","indexId":"wri964046","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4046","title":"Hydrogeologic factors that affect the flowpath of water in selected zones of the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio region, Texas","docAbstract":"The Edwards aquifer in the San Antonio region supplies drinking water for more than 1 million people. Proper development and protection of the aquifer is a high priority for local and State authorities. To better understand the flow of water in two major flowpaths in the Edwards aquifer, stratigraphic, structural, hydrologic, and geochemical data were analyzed. The western Medina flowpath is in parts of Uvalde, Medina, and Bexar Counties, and the eastern flowpath is in northern Bexar and central Comal Counties.
A major hydrogeologic factor that affects the pattern of flow in the Edwards aquifer is the spatial and temporal distribution of recharge. Other hydrogeologic factors that affect flowpaths include internal boundaries and the location and rate of spring discharge. The relative displacement of faults and the high permeability layers have substantial control on the discharge at springs and on the flowpaths in the Edwards aquifer.
Analysis of the estimated recharge to the Edwards aquifer during 1982 89 indicated that during years of substantial precipitation, a large part of the net recharge probably is diffuse infiltration of precipitation over large parts of the recharge area. During years with below-normal precipitation, most recharge is leakage from rivers and streams that drain the catchment subbasins.
In the western Medina flowpath, concentrations of major ions indicate saturation of calcite and undersaturation of dolomite the two minerals that constitute most of the Edwards aquifer matrix. Concentrations of dissolved calcium, alkalinity, and dissolved chloride in the eastern flowpath are greater than those in the western Medina flowpath. These upward trends in concentrations might result in part from: (1) increased development in the recharge area, (2) mineralized effluent from developed areas, or (3) increased dissolution of aquifer material.
Tritium data from wells sampled in and near the western Medina flowpath indicate no vertical stratification of flow. Tritium concentrations in the recharge area of the western Medina flowpath are smaller than would be expected from previous studies and for the amount of recharge the area presumably received since 1952.
Stable-isotopic data indicate that the water in the Edwards aquifer is meteoric and, except in one known area, has not been subjected to substantial evaporation or other isotope-fractionating processes. Evaporation of water from Medina Lake results in a heavier stable-isotopic ratio in lake water, which subsequently recharges the Edwards aquifer. The stable-isotopic data indicate that lake water does not enter either of the two flowpaths.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri964046","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Groschen, G.E., 1996, Hydrogeologic factors that affect the flowpath of water in selected zones of the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4046, Report: vi, 73 p.; 3 Plates: 25.00 x 17.82 inches or less, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964046.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 73 p.; 3 Plates: 25.00 x 17.82 inches or less","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4046/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56292,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4046/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":360603,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4046/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":360604,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4046/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":360605,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4046/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Aquifer","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628749","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groschen, George E.","contributorId":99132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groschen","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27606,"text":"wri964069 - 1996 - Water-quality assessment of the Rio Grande Valley, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas: Occurrence and distribution of selected pesticides and nutrients at selected surface-water sites in the Mesilla Valley, 1994-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-19T22:38:03.147955","indexId":"wri964069","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4069","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Rio Grande Valley, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas: Occurrence and distribution of selected pesticides and nutrients at selected surface-water sites in the Mesilla Valley, 1994-95","docAbstract":"The Rio Grande Valley study unit of the U.S. Geological Survey \r\nNational Water-Quality Assessment Program conducted a two-phase \r\nsynoptic study of the occurrence and distribution of pesticides \r\nand nutrients in the surface water of the Mesilla Valley, New \r\nMexico and Texas. Phase one, conducted in April-May 1994 during \r\nthe high-flow irrigation season, consisted of a 6-week time-\r\nseries sampling event during which 17 water-column samples were \r\ncollected at 3 main-stem sites on the Rio Grande and a synoptic \r\nirrigation-run sampling event during which 19 water-column \r\nsamples were collected at 7 main-stem sites, 10 drain sites, and 2 \r\nsites at the discharges of wastewater-treatment plants. Three \r\nsamples are included in both the time-series and irrigation-run \r\nevents. Phase two, conducted in January 1995 during the low-flow \r\nnon-irrigation season, consisted of a non-irrigation synoptic \r\nsampling event during which 18 water-column samples were \r\ncollected at seven main-stem sites, nine drain sites, and two \r\nsites at the discharges of wastewater-treatment plants and a bed-\r\nmaterial sampling event during which 6 bed-material samples were \r\ncollected at six sites near the mouths of drains that discharge to \r\nthe Rio Grande.\r\n\r\n The 51 water-column samples were analyzed for 78 pesticides \r\nand metabolites and 8 nutrients along with other constituents. \r\nThe six bed-material samples were analyzed for 21 pesticides and \r\nmetabolites, gross polychlorinated biphenyls, and gross \r\npolychlorinated naphthalenes. \r\n\r\n The presence of dissolved pesticides in the surface water of \r\nthe Mesilla Valley is erratic. A total of 100 detections of 17 \r\ndifferent pesticides were detected in 44 of the water-column \r\nsamples. As many as 38 percent of these detections may be \r\nattributed to pesticide use upstream from the valley or to \r\nnonagricultural pesticide use within the valley. There were 29 \r\ndetections of 10 different pesticides in 17 samples during the \r\nirrigation run and 41 detections of 13 pesticides in 16 samples \r\nduring the non-irrigation run. Nine pesticides were detected \r\nduring both phases of the study.\r\n\r\n The most commonly detected pesticides in the water-column \r\nsamples were DCPA, which was detected in 29 samples, and \r\nmetolachlor, which was detected in 17 of the samples. DCPA was \r\ndetected throughout the Mesilla Valley, whereas metolachlor was \r\ndetected mainly in the northern and central parts of the valley. \r\nThe maximum pesticide concentration found during the study was \r\n0.75 microgram per liter of carbofuran, which was detected at the \r\nEast Side Drain site during the irrigation run. No water-column \r\npesticide concentration exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection \r\nAgency's drinking-water standards or any applicable Federal or \r\nState criteria or guidelines.\r\n\r\n A total of 21 occurrences of six pesticides and metabolites \r\nwere found in the bed-material samples. Chlordane, diazinon, and \r\nmethyl parathion were detected once each, whereas DDD, DDE, and \r\nDDT were detected at all six bed-material sites.\r\n\r\n Water-column samples for the analysis of nutrient \r\nconcentrations were collected at all sampling sites during both \r\nphases of the study. The concentrations of each nutrient ranged \r\nfrom at or below the individual minimum reporting level to as much \r\nas two or three orders of magnitude larger than the minimum \r\nreporting level. The concentration of each nutrient was left \r\nskewed with most of the values toward the lower end of the range. \r\nThe larger concentrations of each nutrient, except dissolved \r\nnitrite plus nitrate, were associated with wastewater-treatment-\r\nplant sites 4 and 16. The larger concentrations of dissolved \r\nnitrite plus nitrate were generally associated with the non-\r\nirrigation run; however, the largest concentration was at site 4 \r\nduring the irrigation run.\r\n\r\n During this study, the Mesilla Valley as a unit was a source \r\nof nutrients to the Rio Grande. Wi","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964069","usgsCitation":"Healy, D.F., 1996, Water-quality assessment of the Rio Grande Valley, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas: Occurrence and distribution of selected pesticides and nutrients at selected surface-water sites in the Mesilla Valley, 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4069, vii, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964069.","productDescription":"vii, 85 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":410750,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48434.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":56472,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4069/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4069/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Mesilla Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.98142324849674,\n 31.81810313829402\n ],\n [\n -106.48802493820439,\n 31.81810313829402\n ],\n [\n -106.48802493820439,\n 32.453885584339304\n ],\n [\n -106.98142324849674,\n 32.453885584339304\n ],\n [\n -106.98142324849674,\n 31.81810313829402\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cde4b07f02db544bb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, D. F.","contributorId":97120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27115,"text":"wri964038B - 1996 - Habitat characteristics of benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T15:06:10","indexId":"wri964038B","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4038","chapter":"B","title":"Habitat characteristics of benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Stream habitat characteristics were measured at twenty sites in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin by the U.S. Geological Survey in May and June, 1993 as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program Western Lake Michigan Drainages study unit. These \"benchmark\" stream sites were selected for study to represent standards of reference for comparison to other streams in similar physical settings that appear to be more detrimentally affected by agriculture. The agricultural benchmark streams were selected from four physical settings, or relatively homogeneous units (RHU's), that differ in bedrock type and texture of surficial deposits. Habitat characteristics at streams in these four physical settings are described and compared to each other, and a habitat classification scheme was used to rank the quality of habitat in these streams. Additional aquatic information was collected along with the habitat data: water-quality data and population surveys of fish, invertebrates, and algae. Habitat data were collected at three levels: drainage basin, stream segment between major tributaries (length from 1 to 14 km), and stream reach (approximately 150m). Results of statistical analyses show that, in general, most correlations are among basin-level habitat characteristics. Few correlations were observed among reach- and basin-level characteristics. Principal components analysis (PCA) on basin-level data resulted in principal components that reflect RHU, land use or latitude, and basin size. Groupings of habitat characteristics at the reach level are less clearly attributed to some outside environmental factor. Streams that have undergone habitat restoration for fisheries group closely together on PCA ordination plots. Less than half of the habitat characteristics were found to be significantly different between one RHU and the other three. Characteristics that differed between RHU's were mainly at the basin level but also included some reach-level characteristics. Stream-habitat characteristics were classified according to the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, Great Lakes Environmental Assessment Section (GLEAS) Procedure 51. No relation was found between GLEAS scores and RHU or the percentage of agricultural land in the drainage basins above the benchmark-stream sites. GLEAS scores were varied in each RHU. Streams with high GLEAS scores (rated good or excellent) can be considered benchmark or reference streams as far as habitat is concerned. Of the 20 streams sampled, 16 met this criterion.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964038B","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, F., Peterson, E.M., and Stewart, J., 1996, Habitat characteristics of benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4038, vi, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964038B.","productDescription":"vi, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4038b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55973,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4038b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.483642578125,\n 43.1090040242731\n ],\n [\n -89.483642578125,\n 45.46783598133375\n ],\n [\n -86.737060546875,\n 45.46783598133375\n ],\n [\n -86.737060546875,\n 43.1090040242731\n ],\n [\n -89.483642578125,\n 43.1090040242731\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"\\National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Western Lake Michigan Drainages","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649771","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick, F. A. 0000-0002-9748-7075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":61446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, E. M.","contributorId":70805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, J.S.","contributorId":65890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32011,"text":"ofr96395 - 1996 - Mean annual runoff, precipitation, and evapotranspiration in the glaciated northeastern United States, 1951-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T22:18:38.477433","indexId":"ofr96395","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-395","title":"Mean annual runoff, precipitation, and evapotranspiration in the glaciated northeastern United States, 1951-80","docAbstract":"Two maps, compiled at 1:1 million scale, depict mean annual runoff, precipitation, and evapotranspiration in the part of the United States east of Cleveland, Ohio and north of the southern limit of glaciation. The maps are mutually consistent in that runoff equals precipitation minus evapotranspiration everywhere. The runoff map is based on records of streamflow from 503 watersheds in the United States and southernmost Canada, adjusted to/1951-80 and supplemented by records of precipitation at 483 stations. Precipitation at each station was partitioned into point estimates of runoff and evapotranspiration, which were constrained such that the evapotranspiration estimates varied smoothly across the region and decreased with increasing latitude and altitude, and the runoff estimates were consistent with measured runoff from nearby watersheds. A point estimate of runoff was allowed to equal mean runoff in a nearby watershed, or to be somewhat higher (or lower) if a compensating departure from mean watershed runoff could be inferred in distant parts of the watershed on the basis of altitude or regional trends. Then,precipitation contours were drawn to parallel runoff contours but differ from them by the magnitude of nearby estimates of evapotranspiration. These maps may slightly underrepresent mean precipitation and evapotranspiration in areas of high relief, because most precipitation stations in such areas are in valleys. Map accuracy is evaluated.
\nThe maps and text are designed to be printed as 34x53 inch plates; they may not be legible if printed in their entirety at appreciably smaller scales. The Arc/Info coverages from which these maps were prepared are available at the Water Resources National Spatial Data Infrastructure Node: ofr96395_eva, ofr96395_pre, and ofr96395_run (evapotranspiration, precipitation, and runoff).
\nDescriptors: *Annual Runoff, *Areal precipitation, *Runoff, *Evapotranspiration Precipitation, Rainfall, New York, New England, Northeast
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr96395","usgsCitation":"Randall, A.D., 1996, Mean annual runoff, precipitation, and evapotranspiration in the glaciated northeastern United States, 1951-80: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-395, 2 Plates: 39.72 x 26.18 inches and 39.56 x 26.28 inches; Additional Report Pieces: HTML Documents, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96395.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 39.72 x 26.18 inches and 39.56 x 26.28 inches; Additional Report Pieces: HTML Documents","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161484,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326210,"rank":5,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ofr96395_pre.xml","text":"Mean Annual Precipitation","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 1996-395"},{"id":326209,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?ofr96395_eva","text":"Mean Annual Evapotranspiration","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 1996-395"},{"id":323471,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0395/ofr19960395_plate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2 - Mean Annual Precipitation and Evapotranspiration","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1996-395"},{"id":411094,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18620.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":326211,"rank":6,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?ofr96395_run","text":"Mean Annual Runoff","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 1996-395"},{"id":323470,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0395/ofr19960395_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1 - Mean Annual Runoff","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1996-395"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.88704344844734,\n 44.72451380650341\n ],\n [\n -67.769625005774,\n 45.847535577581226\n ],\n [\n -67.95151824526359,\n 47.33891192541063\n ],\n [\n -69.27284446740163,\n 47.38896849977937\n ],\n [\n -70.54129238353978,\n 45.42854076380854\n ],\n [\n -72.16519815840661,\n 45.003283268342074\n ],\n [\n -74.87769692747639,\n 45.01043758351153\n ],\n [\n -76.916240562106,\n 43.60414605003166\n ],\n [\n -78.98857966521695,\n 43.52967522940537\n ],\n [\n -79.00692556125968,\n 42.73326672870621\n ],\n [\n -82.8035108127643,\n 41.46464262280543\n ],\n [\n -82.01096874023264,\n 39.28459674336264\n ],\n [\n -73.21349772715276,\n 39.142401735418645\n ],\n [\n -69.45647664633981,\n 41.17397797707059\n ],\n [\n -66.85870393647696,\n 44.59984971585524\n ],\n [\n -66.83946989103018,\n 44.752544097895395\n ],\n [\n -66.88704344844734,\n 44.72451380650341\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5602
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96338","usgsCitation":"Aichele, S., and Wood, C.R., 1996, Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface in the crystalline and metasedimentary rocks in East Brandywine, Upper Uwchlan and Uwchlan townships and parts of Caln, East Caln, and West Whiteland townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania, April 1993 through June 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-338, 1 Plate: 35.62 × 27.61 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96338.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 35.62 × 27.61 inches","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":60161,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0338/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":388817,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18614.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.8170,\n 40.1190\n ],\n [\n -75.6140,\n 40.1190\n ],\n [\n -75.6140,\n 39.9890\n ],\n [\n -75.8170,\n 39.9890\n ],\n [\n -75.8170,\n 40.1190\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db68732d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aichele, Stephen S. 0000-0002-3397-7921 saichele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-7921","contributorId":194508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aichele","given":"Stephen S.","email":"saichele@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":430,"text":"National Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":207440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, C. R.","contributorId":100386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32010,"text":"ofr96367 - 1996 - Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface, December 6, 1994, in the carbonate rocks in part of East Whiteland and Charlestown townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-02T21:34:12.689504","indexId":"ofr96367","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-367","title":"Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface, December 6, 1994, in the carbonate rocks in part of East Whiteland and Charlestown townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"A map showing ground-water levels in the carbonate rocks in part of East Whiteland and Charlestown Townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania, was constructed from water levels measured in 64 wells on December 6, 1994. Observed water-level altitudes range from 226 feet above sea level near Morehall Road to 400 feet above sea level near State Route 401 in East Whiteland Township.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96367","usgsCitation":"McManus, B., and Sloto, R., 1996, Altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface, December 6, 1994, in the carbonate rocks in part of East Whiteland and Charlestown townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-367, 1 Plate: 16.56 × 23.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96367.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 16.56 × 23.96 inches","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":60170,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0367/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":404717,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18619.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester","otherGeospatial":"East Whiteland and Charleston Townships","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.592,\n 40.043\n ],\n [\n -75.527,\n 40.043\n ],\n [\n -75.527,\n 40.077\n ],\n [\n -75.592,\n 40.077\n ],\n [\n -75.592,\n 40.043\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a657","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McManus, B. C.","contributorId":45731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McManus","given":"B. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloto, R. A.","contributorId":36155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24246,"text":"ofr96427 - 1996 - Drilling, construction, and caliper-log data for well 3-3503-01, North Upper Anahulu exploratory well, Oahu, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr96427","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-427","title":"Drilling, construction, and caliper-log data for well 3-3503-01, North Upper Anahulu exploratory well, Oahu, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The North Upper Anahulu exploratory well (Hawaii State well number 3-3503-01) was drilled about 3.1 miles east of the town of Haleiwa. The well is located on agricultural land in the Kawailoa ground-water area. The well was drilled to an elevation of about -103 feet below mean sea level and penetrates about 110 feet into a basalt aquifer. Well-construction data, logs of drilling notes, geologic descriptions for the samples, and caliper-log data are presented for the well. The well is one of 12 exploratory wells drilled in the north-central Oahu area between July 1993 and May 1994 in cooperation with the Honolulu Board of Water Supply.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96427","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Presley, T., and Oki, D., 1996, Drilling, construction, and caliper-log data for well 3-3503-01, North Upper Anahulu exploratory well, Oahu, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-427, iii, 11 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96427.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0427/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53376,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0427/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633e8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Presley, T.K.","contributorId":61858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presley","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oki, D.S.","contributorId":75184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oki","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24248,"text":"ofr96429 - 1996 - Drilling, construction, and caliper-log data for well 3-3505-26, Opaeula exploratory well, Oahu, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr96429","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-429","title":"Drilling, construction, and caliper-log data for well 3-3505-26, Opaeula exploratory well, Oahu, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The Opaeula exploratory well (State well number 3-3505-26) was drilled about 1.2 miles east- southeast of the town of Haleiwa. The well is located on agricultural land in the Waialua ground-water area. The well was drilled at an elevation of about 287 feet above mean sea level and penetrates about 75 feet into a basalt aquifer. Well-construction data, logs of drilling notes, geologic descriptions for the samples, and caliper-log data are presented for the well. The well is one of 12 exploratory wells drilled in the north-central Oahu area between July 1993 and May 1994 in cooperation with the Honolulu Board of Water Supply.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96429","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Presley, T., and Oki, D., 1996, Drilling, construction, and caliper-log data for well 3-3505-26, Opaeula exploratory well, Oahu, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-429, iii, 10 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96429.","productDescription":"iii, 10 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0429/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53378,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0429/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633e6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Presley, T.K.","contributorId":61858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presley","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oki, D.S.","contributorId":75184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oki","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}