{"pageNumber":"2890","pageRowStart":"72225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70025601,"text":"70025601 - 2003 - Molecular-scale characterization of uranium sorption by bone apatite materials for a permeable reactive barrier demonstration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T08:10:13","indexId":"70025601","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular-scale characterization of uranium sorption by bone apatite materials for a permeable reactive barrier demonstration","docAbstract":"

Uranium binding to bone charcoal and bone meal apatite materials was investigated using U LIII-edge EXAFS spectroscopy and synchrotron source XRD measurements of laboratory batch preparations in the absence and presence of dissolved carbonate. Pelletized bone char apatite recovered from a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) at Fry Canyon, UT, was also studied. EXAFS analyses indicate that U(VI) sorption in the absence of dissolved carbonate occurred by surface complexation of U(VI) for sorbed concentrations ≤ 5500 μg U(VI)/g for all materials with the exception of crushed bone char pellets. Either a split or a disordered equatorial oxygen shell was observed, consistent with complexation of uranyl by the apatite surface. A second shell of atoms at a distance of 2.9 Å was required to fit the spectra of samples prepared in the presence of dissolved carbonate (4.8 mM total) and is interpreted as formation of ternary carbonate complexes with sorbed U(VI). A U−P distance at 3.5−3.6 Å was found for most samples under conditions where uranyl phosphate phases did not form, which is consistent with monodentate coordination of uranyl by phosphate groups in the apatite surface. At sorbed concentrations ≥ 5500 μg U(VI)/g in the absence of dissolved carbonate, formation of the uranyl phosphate solid phase, chernikovite, was observed. The presence of dissolved carbonate (4.8 mM total) suppressed the formation of chernikovite, which was not detected even with sorbed U(VI) up to 12 300 μg U(VI)/g in batch samples of bone meal, bone charcoal, and reagent-grade hydroxyapatite. EXAFS spectra of bone char samples recovered from the Fry Canyon PRB were comparable to laboratory samples in the presence of dissolved carbonate where U(VI) sorption occurred by surface complexation. Our findings demonstrate that uranium uptake by bone apatite will probably occur by surface complexation instead of precipitation of uranyl phosphate phases under the groundwater conditions found at many U-contaminated sites.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es0343959","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Fuller, C.C., Bargar, J., and Davis, J., 2003, Molecular-scale characterization of uranium sorption by bone apatite materials for a permeable reactive barrier demonstration: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 37, no. 20, p. 4642-4649, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0343959.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4642","endPage":"4649","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":209415,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0343959"},{"id":235832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d18e4b0c8380cd7015f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bargar, J.R.","contributorId":82466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bargar","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025492,"text":"70025492 - 2003 - Staghorn tempestites in the Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-29T12:49:04","indexId":"70025492","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Staghorn tempestites in the Florida Keys","docAbstract":"Thirty-one samples of transported Holocene Acropora cervicornis \"sticks\" sampled from carbonate sand tempestite accumulations at 19 sites along a 180-km-long stretch of the Florida reef tract were dated using the radiocarbon (14C) method. The \"modern fossils\" collected from just a few centimeters below the surface ranged in age from 0.5 to 6.4 ka. The majority lived between 3.5 and 5.5 ka. The time of transport and deposition is not known. There were no A. cervicornis samples centered around 4.5 ka. Acropora cervicornis is living on many Florida reefs, but the youngest tempestite sample was 500 years old. Two 500-year-long gaps in dated staghorn suggest that the documented decline in living A. cervicornis over the past 25 years may not be without precedent.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral Reefs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00338-003-0289-2","issn":"07224028","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E., Reich, C., Hickey, T., and Lidz, B.H., 2003, Staghorn tempestites in the Florida Keys: Coral Reefs, v. 22, no. 2, p. 91-97, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-003-0289-2.","startPage":"91","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209379,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-003-0289-2"},{"id":235750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b969ce4b08c986b31b5f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, C. D. 0000-0002-2534-1456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":36978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickey, T.D.","contributorId":17803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lidz, B. H.","contributorId":30651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025032,"text":"70025032 - 2003 - Influence of salinity on the localization of Na+/K +-ATPase, Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) and CFTR anion channel in chloride cells of the Hawaiian goby (Stenogobius hawaiiensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70025032","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2275,"text":"Journal of Experimental Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of salinity on the localization of Na+/K +-ATPase, Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) and CFTR anion channel in chloride cells of the Hawaiian goby (Stenogobius hawaiiensis)","docAbstract":"Na+/K+-ATPase, Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) are the three major transport proteins thought to be involved in chloride secretion in teleost fish. If this is the case, the levels of these transporters should be high in chloride cells of seawater-acclimated fish. We therefore examined the influence of salinity on immunolocalization of Na +/K+-ATPase, NKCC and CFTR in the gills of the Hawaiian goby (Stenogobius hawaiiensis). Fish were acclimated to freshwater and 20??? and 30??? seawater for 10 days. Na+/K +-ATPase and NKCC were localized specifically to chloride cells and stained throughout most of the cell except for the nucleus and the most apical region, indicating a basolateral/tubular distribution. All Na+/K +-ATPase-positive chloride cells were also positive for NKCC in all salinities. Salinity caused a slight increase in chloride cell number and size and a slight decrease in staining intensity for Na+/K +-ATPase and NKCC, but the basic pattern of localization was not altered. Gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity was also not affected by salinity. CFTR was localized to the apical surface of chloride cells, and only cells staining positive for Na+/K+-ATPase were CFTR-positive. CFTR-positive cells greatly increased in number (5-fold), area stained (53%) and intensity (29%) after seawater acclimation. In freshwater, CFTR immunoreactivity was light and occurred over a broad apical surface on chloride cells, whereas in seawater there was intense immunoreactivity around the apical pit (which was often punctate in appearance) and a light subapical staining. The results indicate that Na+/K +-ATPase, NKCC and CFTR are all present in chloride cells and support current models that all three are responsible for chloride secretion by chloride cells of teleost fish.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Experimental Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1242/jeb.00711","issn":"00220949","usgsCitation":"McCormick, S., Sundell, K., Bjornsson, B.T., Brown, C.L., and Hiroi, J., 2003, Influence of salinity on the localization of Na+/K +-ATPase, Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) and CFTR anion channel in chloride cells of the Hawaiian goby (Stenogobius hawaiiensis): Journal of Experimental Biology, v. 206, no. 24, p. 4575-4583, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.00711.","startPage":"4575","endPage":"4583","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207708,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.00711"},{"id":232871,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"206","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b75e4b0c8380cd62549","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":403515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sundell, K.","contributorId":90909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sundell","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bjornsson, Bjorn Thrandur","contributorId":28928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjornsson","given":"Bjorn","email":"","middleInitial":"Thrandur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, C. L.","contributorId":35678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hiroi, J.","contributorId":48289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiroi","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":47841,"text":"fs03303 - 2003 - Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:48","indexId":"fs03303","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"033-03","title":"Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests","docAbstract":"As a result of recent fire history and decades of even-aged forest management,\r\nmany coniferous forests in western Oregon are composed of young (20-50 yrs), densely stocked Douglas-fir stands. Often these stands are structurally\r\nsimple - a single canopy layer with one or two overstory tree species - and have a relatively sparse understory. The lack of structural complexity in these stands may limit the availability of key habitat components for several species of vertebrates, including birds.\r\n\r\nThinning may increase structural diversity by reducing competition among\r\noverstory trees and increasing the amount of sunlight reaching the forest floor,\r\nthereby increasing development of understory vegetation. Existing old-growth\r\nforests may have developed under lower densities than is typical of contemporary\r\nplantations. Thus, thinning also may be a tool for accelerating the development of late-successional forest conditions in some circumstances. In addition to the\r\npotential increases in structural and biological diversity, thinning frequently is used to optimize wood fiber production and to generate timber revenue.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs03303","usgsCitation":"Hayes, J.P., Weikel, J.M., Huso, M.M., and Erickson, J.L., 2003, Response of birds to thinning young Douglas-fir forests: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 033-03, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs03303.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_033_03.jpg"},{"id":4046,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fsl.orst.edu/cfer/pdfs/Thinning.pdf","size":"600","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610f11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, John P.","contributorId":12100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weikel, Jennifer M.","contributorId":81970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weikel","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huso, Manuela M. P. mhuso@usgs.gov","contributorId":4487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huso","given":"Manuela","email":"mhuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M. P.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":236354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erickson, Janet L.","contributorId":39847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025596,"text":"70025596 - 2003 - Synergistic effects of a combined exposure to herbicides and an insecticide in Hyla versicolor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:26","indexId":"70025596","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Synergistic effects of a combined exposure to herbicides and an insecticide in Hyla versicolor","docAbstract":"Combinations of the herbicides atrazine and metolachlor and the insecticide chlorpyrifos were tested under both laboratory and field conditions to determine their individual and combined effects on amphibian populations. In the lab Hyla versicolor tadpoles experienced 100% mortality when exposed to a high combination of the pesticides (2.0 mg/L atrazine, 2.54 mg/L metolachlor, 1.0 mg/L chlorpyrifos) whereas low concentrations of the pesticides (0.2 mg/L atrazine, 0.25 mg/L metolachlor, 0.1 mg/L chlorpyrifos) or high concentrations of either herbicides or insecticide alone caused lethargy, reduced growth and delayed metamorphosis but no significant mortality. In the field high herbicide, low insecticide and low herbicide, low insecticide mixtures significantly reduced amphibian populations compared to controls but in the low herbicide, low insecticide wetlands amphibian populations were able to recover through recruitment by the end of the season.","largerWorkTitle":"ASTM Special Technical Publication","conferenceTitle":"Multiple Stressor Effects in Relation to Declining Amphibian Populations","conferenceDate":"16 April 2002 through 17 April 2002","conferenceLocation":"Pittsburgh, PA","language":"English","issn":"10403094","usgsCitation":"Mazanti, L., Sparling, D.W., Rice, C., Bialek, K., Stevenson, C., and Teels, B., 2003, Synergistic effects of a combined exposure to herbicides and an insecticide in Hyla versicolor, in ASTM Special Technical Publication, no. 1443, Pittsburgh, PA, 16 April 2002 through 17 April 2002, p. 111-129.","startPage":"111","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"1443","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba33fe4b08c986b31fc28","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Linder G.L.Krest S.Sparling D.Little E.E.","contributorId":128348,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Linder G.L.Krest S.Sparling D.Little E.E.","id":536571,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mazanti, L.","contributorId":88066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazanti","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sparling, D. W.","contributorId":78675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rice, C.","contributorId":50262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bialek, K.","contributorId":68014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bialek","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stevenson, C.","contributorId":24476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevenson","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Teels, B.","contributorId":79991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teels","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70026151,"text":"70026151 - 2003 - Microbial cycling of mercury in contaminated pelagic and wetland sediments of San Pablo Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T08:10:38","indexId":"70026151","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial cycling of mercury in contaminated pelagic and wetland sediments of San Pablo Bay, California","docAbstract":"

San Pablo Bay is an estuary, within northern San Francisco Bay, containing elevated sediment mercury (Hg) levels because of historic loading of hydraulic mining debris during the California gold-rush of the late 1800s. A preliminary investigation of benthic microbial Hg cycling was conducted in surface sediment (0–4 cm) collected from one salt-marsh and three open-water sites. A deeper profile (0–26 cm) was evaluated at one of the open-water locations. Radiolabeled model Hg-compounds were used to measure rates of both methylmercury (MeHg) production and degradation by bacteria. While all sites and depths had similar total-Hg concentrations (0.3–0.6 ppm), and geochemical signatures of mining debris (as εNd, range: –3.08 to –4.37), in-situ MeHg was highest in the marsh (5.4±3.5 ppb) and ≤0.7 ppb in all open-water sites. Microbial MeHg production (potential rate) in 0–4 surface sediments was also highest in the marsh (3.1 ng g–1 wet sediment day–1) and below detection (<0.06 ng g–1 wet sediment day–1) in open-water locations. The marsh exhibited a methylation/demethylation (M/D) ratio more than 25× that of all open-water locations. Only below the surface 0–4-cm horizon was significant MeHg production potential evident in the open-water sediment profile (0.2–1.1 ng g–1 wet sediment day–1). In-situ Hg methylation rates, calculated from radiotracer rate constants, and in-situ inorganic Hg(II) concentrations compared well with potential rates. However, similarly calculated in-situ rates of MeHg degradation were much lower than potential rates. These preliminary data indicate that wetlands surrounding San Pablo Bay represent important zones of MeHg production, more so than similarly Hg-contaminated adjacent open-water areas. This has significant implications for this and other Hg-impacted systems, where wetland expansion is currently planned.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00254-002-0623-y","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Marvin-DiPasquale, M., Agee, J., Bouse, R.M., and Jaffe, B.E., 2003, Microbial cycling of mercury in contaminated pelagic and wetland sediments of San Pablo Bay, California: Environmental Geology, v. 43, no. 3, p. 260-267, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-002-0623-y.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"267","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California ","otherGeospatial":"San Pablo Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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C.","contributorId":6605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"M. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agee, J.L. jlagee@usgs.gov","contributorId":103452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agee","given":"J.L.","email":"jlagee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bouse, R. M.","contributorId":33709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouse","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jaffe, B. E.","contributorId":88327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170646,"text":"70170646 - 2003 - Characterization of the mutant spectra of a fish RNA virus within individual hosts during natural infections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T14:37:35","indexId":"70170646","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3699,"text":"Virus Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the mutant spectra of a fish RNA virus within individual hosts during natural infections","docAbstract":"

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is an RNA virus that causes significant mortalities of salmonids in the Pacific Northwest of North America. RNA virus populations typically contain genetic variants that form a heterogeneous virus pool, referred to as a quasispecies or mutant spectrum. This study characterized the mutant spectra of IHNV populations within individual fish reared in different environmental settings by RT–PCR of genomic viral RNA and determination of partial glycoprotein gene sequences of molecular clones. The diversity of the mutant spectra from ten in vivo populations was low and the average mutation frequencies of duplicate populations did not significantly exceed the background mutation level expected from the methodology. In contrast, two in vitro populations contained variants with an identical mutational hot spot. These results indicated that the mutant spectra of natural IHNV populations is very homogeneous, and does not explain the different magnitudes of genetic diversity observed between the different IHNV genogroups. Overall the mutant frequency of IHNV within its host is one of the lowest reported for RNA viruses.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0168-1702(03)00169-2","usgsCitation":"Emmenegger, E.J., Troyer, R.M., and Kurath, G., 2003, Characterization of the mutant spectra of a fish RNA virus within individual hosts during natural infections: Virus Research, v. 96, no. 1-2, p. 15-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1702(03)00169-2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5723342ce4b0b13d39148cc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emmenegger, Eveline J. 0000-0001-5217-6030 eemmenegger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-6030","contributorId":2434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmenegger","given":"Eveline","email":"eemmenegger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troyer, Ryan M.","contributorId":168762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troyer","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":627956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187629,"text":"70187629 - 2003 - Ecology of selected marine communities in Glacier Bay: Zooplankton, forage fish, seabirds and marine mammals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T13:22:00","indexId":"70187629","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Ecology of selected marine communities in Glacier Bay: Zooplankton, forage fish, seabirds and marine mammals","docAbstract":"

We studied oceanography (including primary production), secondary production, small schooling fish (SSF), and marine bird and mammal predators in Glacier Bay during 1999 and 2000. Results from these field efforts were combined with a review of current literature relating to the Glacier Bay environment. Since the conceptual model developed by Hale and Wright (1979) ‘changes and cycles’ continue to be the underlying theme of the Glacier Bay ecosystem. We found marked seasonality in many of the parameters that we investigated over the two years of research, and here we provide a comprehensive description of the distribution and relative abundance of a wide array of marine biota.

Glacier Bay is a tidally mixed estuary that leads into basins, which stratify in summer, with the upper arms behaving as traditional estuaries. The Bay is characterized by renewal and mixing events throughout the year, and markedly higher primary production than in many neighboring southeast Alaska fjords (Hooge and Hooge, 2002).

Zooplankton diversity and abundance within the upper 50 meters of the water column in Glacier Bay is similar to communities seen throughout the Gulf of Alaska. Zooplankton in the lower regions of Glacier Bay peak in abundance in late May or early June, as observed at Auke Bay and in the Gulf of Alaska. The key distinction between the lower Bay and other estuaries in the Gulf of Alaska is that a second smaller peak in densities occurs in August. The upper Bay behaved uniformly in temporal trends, peaking in July. Densities had begun to decline in August, but were still more than twice those observed in that region in May. The highest density of zooplankton observed was 17,870 organisms/m3 in Tarr Inlet during July. Trends in zooplankton community abundance and diversity within the lower Bay were distinct from upper-Glacier Bay trends. Whereas the lower Bay is strongly influenced by Gulf of Alaska processes, local processes are the strongest influence in the upper-Bay.

We identified 55 species of fish during this study (1999 and 2000) from beach seines, mid-water trawls, and rod and line catches. The diversity of physical, oceanographic, and glacial chronological conditions within Glacier Bay contribute a suite of factors that influence the distribution and abundance of fish. Accordingly, we observed significant differences in the abundance and distribution of fish within the Bay. Most significantly, abundance and diversity (primarily juvenile fish including walleye Pollock, eelblennies, and capelin) were greatest at the head of both the east and west arms where zooplankton abundance was greatest – in close proximity to tidewater glaciers and freshwater runoff.

All of Glacier Bay and Icy Strait were surveyed hydroacoustically for plankton and fish during June 1999 surveys. Acoustically determined forage biomass was concentrated in relatively few important areas such as Pt. Adolphus, Berg Bay, on the Geikie-Scidmore shelf, around the Beardslee/Marble islands, and the upper arms of Glacier Bay. Forage biomass (primarily small schooling fish and euphausiids) was concentrated in shallow, nearshore waters; 50 % of acoustic biomass was found at depths < 35m, 80 % of biomass at depths < 80m. During our sampling, high density patches of prey were very rare, and less than 8 % of the area surveyed in Glacier Bay contained patch densities suitable (e.g., > 0.01 fish/m3) for seabirds foraging on zooplankton and small schooling fish. Less than 1 % of the area contained patches suitable (e.g., >0.1 fish/m3) for whales foraging on zooplankton and small schooling fish. High-density aggregations of 0.1-10 fish/m3 were comprised mostly of schools containing capelin, pollock, herring or euphausiids (0.1-1 kg/m3).

During predator surveys (1999-2000), we observed 63 species of birds and 7 species of marine mammals. Seasonal distribution and abundance of these “apex” predators was highly variable by species. Glacier Bay supports high numbers of seabirds and marine mammals that consume zooplankton and small schooling fish. Nearshore areas had higher densities of both birds and marine mammals. Several areas, such as Pt. Adolphus, Berg Bay, on the Geikie-Scidmore shelf, the Beardslee/Marble islands, and the upper arms of Glacier Bay were focal points of small schooling fish and zooplankton consuming marine birds and mammals. Comparisons between surveys and a prior study (1991) suggested that the assemblage of birds and marine mammals in the Bay is undergoing change. Most notable was a clear decline in Brachyramphus spp. murrelets while other apex species are increasing or remaining stable.

It should be noted that many of the birds and mammals observed during this project, e.g. mergansers, do not forage on zooplankton and small schooling fish; rather they forage on benthic fish and sessile invertebrates. While distribution and sampling data for these marine predator species are valid, this study did not sample benthic fish and sessile invertebrates. Thus, recommendations made by this project should be interpreted as generally specific to the zooplankton/small schooling fish marine food web components of the Glacier Bay Ecosystem.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Robards, M.D., Drew, G.S., Piatt, J.F., Anson, J.M., Abookire, A.A., Bodkin, J.L., Hooge, P.N., and Speckman, S., 2003, Ecology of selected marine communities in Glacier Bay: Zooplankton, forage fish, seabirds and marine mammals, xiii, 156 p.","productDescription":"xiii, 156 p.","numberOfPages":"169","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341116,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341115,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://alaska.usgs.gov/science/biology/seabirds_foragefish/products/reports/Glacier_Bay_Marine_Communities.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -135,\n 58\n ],\n [\n -137.5,\n 58\n ],\n [\n -137.5,\n 59.25\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 59.25\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 58\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59155bf1e4b01a342e69138e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robards, Martin D.","contributorId":40148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robards","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, Gary S. 0000-0002-6789-0891 gdrew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-0891","contributorId":3311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"Gary","email":"gdrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anson, Jennifer Marie","contributorId":2712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Abookire, Alisa A.","contributorId":107224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abookire","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hooge, Philip N.","contributorId":52029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooge","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70026168,"text":"70026168 - 2003 - Predation on stocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:34","indexId":"70026168","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation on stocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry","docAbstract":"We studied predator-prey interactions between juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and trout in three Massachusetts, U.S.A., streams and in artificial streams. We sampled stomach contents of age-1+ and older salmon and trout (Salvelinus fontinalis, Salmo trutta) following salmon fry stocking in the spring of 1997 and 1998. Between 4.3 and 48.6% of the stocked fry were consumed within the first 2 days after stocking, and total fry mortality from predation varied from 4.3 to 60.7%. No significant differences were found between stomach weights of predators (without fry weight) that consumed fry and those that did not. Artificial stream experiments testing effects of habitat complexity and predator species on predator consumption rates revealed that consumption rates were not different between brook (S. fontinalis) and brown (S. trutta) trout (p = 0.59). Predation rate tended to decrease as the percentage of riffle habitat increased but the decrease was not significant (p = 0.22). Our results indicate that predation on stocked Atlantic salmon fry can be substantial (up to 60%), appears to be short lived (2 days), and is not related in a simple way to abiotic and biotic factors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/f03-001","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Henderson, J., and Letcher, B., 2003, Predation on stocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 60, no. 1, p. 32-42, https://doi.org/10.1139/f03-001.","startPage":"32","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208943,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-001"},{"id":235065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8163e4b0c8380cd7b4e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, J.N.","contributorId":107902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Letcher, B. H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":48132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"B.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025616,"text":"70025616 - 2003 - Three-dimensional imaging of buried objects in very lossy earth by inversion of VETEM data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70025616","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional imaging of buried objects in very lossy earth by inversion of VETEM data","docAbstract":"The very early time electromagnetic system (VETEM) is an efficient tool for the detection of buried objects in very lossy earth, which allows a deeper penetration depth compared to the ground-penetrating radar. In this paper, the inversion of VETEM data is investigated using three-dimensional (3-D) inverse scattering techniques, where multiple frequencies are applied in the frequency range from 0-5 MHz. For small and moderately sized problems, the Born approximation and/or the Born iterative method have been used with the aid of the singular value decomposition and/or the conjugate gradient method in solving the linearized integral equations. For large-scale problems, a localized 3-D inversion method based on the Born approximation has been proposed for the inversion of VETEM data over a large measurement domain. Ways to process and to calibrate the experimental VETEM data are discussed to capture the real physics of buried objects. Reconstruction examples using synthesized VETEM data and real-world VETEM data are given to test the validity and efficiency of the proposed approach.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2003.815974","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Cui, T., Aydiner, A., Chew, W., Wright, D., and Smith, D., 2003, Three-dimensional imaging of buried objects in very lossy earth by inversion of VETEM data: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 41, no. 10 PART I, p. 2197-2210, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2003.815974.","startPage":"2197","endPage":"2210","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209529,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2003.815974"},{"id":236090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"10 PART I","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb32ee4b08c986b325c29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cui, T.J.","contributorId":72552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cui","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aydiner, A.A.","contributorId":76088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aydiner","given":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chew, W.C.","contributorId":19730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chew","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, D.L.","contributorId":88758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, D.V.","contributorId":31143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70025631,"text":"70025631 - 2003 - Swimming performance and physiological responses to exhaustive exercise in radio-tagged and untagged Pacific lampreys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T15:42:07","indexId":"70025631","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Swimming performance and physiological responses to exhaustive exercise in radio-tagged and untagged Pacific lampreys","docAbstract":"

Populations of Pacific lamprey Lampetra tridentata have declined in the Columbia River basin. One factor that may have contributed to this reduction in population size is an excessive use of energy by adult lampreys as they negotiate fishways at dams during spawning migrations. To gain an understanding of the performance capacity of Pacific lampreys, we estimated the critical swimming speed (Ucrit) and documented physiological responses of radio-tagged and untagged adult lampreys exercised to exhaustion. The mean (??SD) Ucrit of untagged lampreys was 86.2 ?? 7.5 cm/s at 15??C, whereas the Ucrit for radio-tagged lampreys was 81.5 ?? 7.0 cm/s, a speed that was significantly lower than that of untagged fish. The physiological responses of tagged and untagged lampreys subjected to exhaustive exercise included decreases in blood pH of 0.3-0.5 units, a 40% decrease in muscle glycogen levels, a 22% increase in hematocrit for untagged fish only, and a 4- to 5-fold increase in muscle and a 40- to 100-fold increase in plasma lactate concentrations. These physiological changes were significant compared with resting control fish and usually returned to resting levels by 1-4 h after fatigue. Our estimates of Ucrit for Pacific lampreys are the first quantitative measures of their swimming performance and suggest that these fish may have difficulty negotiating fishways at dams on the Columbia River, which can have water velocities approaching 2 m/s. Our physiological results indicate that tagged and untagged Pacific lampreys show similar metabolic dysfunction after exhaustive exercise but recover quickly from a single exposure to such a stressor.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0483:SPAPRT>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Mesa, M., Bayer, J., and Seelye, J., 2003, Swimming performance and physiological responses to exhaustive exercise in radio-tagged and untagged Pacific lampreys: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 132, no. 3, p. 483-492, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0483:SPAPRT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"492","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235717,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209368,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0483:SPAPRT>2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Bonneville dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.9259262084961,\n 45.65256827947362\n ],\n [\n -121.9259262084961,\n 45.63984762016704\n ],\n [\n -121.97175979614258,\n 45.624482973849304\n ],\n [\n -121.99047088623047,\n 45.61643886233895\n ],\n [\n -121.99956893920898,\n 45.62904479285078\n ],\n [\n -121.95545196533203,\n 45.64872838482983\n ],\n [\n -121.94068908691405,\n 45.65304824779383\n ],\n [\n -121.92867279052734,\n 45.65112834983266\n ],\n [\n -121.9259262084961,\n 45.65256827947362\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba331e4b08c986b31fbec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mesa, M.G.","contributorId":17386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bayer, J.M.","contributorId":47945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayer","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seelye, J.G.","contributorId":32861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelye","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171302,"text":"70171302 - 2003 - A comparison of nested quadrat and point-line intercept sampling methods for fire effects monitoring in shortgrass prairie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T11:49:58","indexId":"70171302","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A comparison of nested quadrat and point-line intercept sampling methods for fire effects monitoring in shortgrass prairie","docAbstract":"

Within the National Park Service (NPS) and other federal land-managing agencies, there has been widespread application of the use of standardized fire-effects monitoring protocols. While standardization is often desirable, researchers and managers have come to recognize that 1 method does not work in all habitats with regard to application and efficiency. In 1999, in response to a wildfire that burned over 2428 ha of prairie habitat within Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument (ALFL) and Lake Meredith National Recreation Area (LAMR), Texas, long-term monitoring using a newer nested quadrat frequency/importance score method was implemented. In 2001, a 2-y study was initiated to compare the time and information-gathering efficacy of the nested quadrat method with the current NPS protocol used for monitoring fire effects within grassland systems. Both sampling methods were performed within burned and unburned mesa-top prairie habitats. No statistically significant differences were detected for total species richness between the 2 methods. However, the point-line intercept transects required significantly more time to sample compared to the nested quadrats. Within shortgrass prairie habitats the nested quadrat method appears to be a more efficient and effective sampling strategy than traditional point-line intercept methods.

","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 18th North American Prairie Conference: promoting prairie","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"18th North American Prairie Conference: promoting prairie","language":"English","publisher":"Truman State University Press","usgsCitation":"Benjamin, P.K., Stumpf, J.A., and Pavlovic, N.B., 2003, A comparison of nested quadrat and point-line intercept sampling methods for fire effects monitoring in shortgrass prairie, in Proceedings of the 18th North American Prairie Conference: promoting prairie, p. 116-123.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"123","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e2be4b07e28b664db77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benjamin, Pamela K.","contributorId":9247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stumpf, Julie A.","contributorId":169648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stumpf","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pavlovic, Noel B. 0000-0002-2335-2274 npavlovic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2335-2274","contributorId":1976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"Noel","email":"npavlovic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025817,"text":"70025817 - 2003 - A predictive risk model for electroshock-induced mortality of the endangered Cape Fear shiner","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70025817","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A predictive risk model for electroshock-induced mortality of the endangered Cape Fear shiner","docAbstract":"We evaluated the effects of a single electroshock on injury and mortality of hatchery-reared Cape Fear shiners Notropis mekistocholas (N = 517), an endangered cyprinid. Groups of 18-22 Cape Fear shiners were exposed to DC, 120-Hz pulsed DC (PDC), or 60-Hz PDC at voltage gradients of 1.1, 1.9, or 2.7 V/cm for 3 s. Mortality occurred only among fish exposed to 120-Hz PDC (25%) and DC (38%) applied at 2.7 V/cm. Because no mortality occurred in Cape Fear shiners exposed to 60-Hz PDC, this waveform was selected for further study of electroshock duration (3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 s) and voltage gradient (0.9, 1.6, or 2.3 V/cm). Most fish electroshocked in the experiments were immobilized (ceased swimming motion). No physical injury was detected by necropsy or radiography in any fish. Electroshock-induced mortality of Cape Fear shiners showed a strong multivariable relationship to voltage gradient, electroshock duration, and fish length. Fish subjected to 60-Hz PDC at 0.9 or 1.6 V/cm for 6 s experienced low mortality (<10%). Our results demonstrate that Cape Fear shiners can be immobilized by 60-Hz PDC electroshock without injury or significant risk of mortality. We propose that electrofishing may be safely used to sample similar small cyprinids, imperiled or otherwise, when electrofishers select an appropriate waveform (DC pulsed at 60-Hz or less) and use it judiciously (minimal exposure at, or below, the immobilization threshold).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M02-009","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Holliman, F., Reynolds, J., and Kwak, T., 2003, A predictive risk model for electroshock-induced mortality of the endangered Cape Fear shiner: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 23, no. 3, p. 905-912, https://doi.org/10.1577/M02-009.","startPage":"905","endPage":"912","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208686,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M02-009"},{"id":234604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4ebe4b0c8380cd46a15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holliman, F.M.","contributorId":86153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holliman","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, J.B.","contributorId":27235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kwak, T.J.","contributorId":104236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026150,"text":"70026150 - 2003 - Control of predacious flatworms Macrostomum sp. in culturing juvenile freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:21","indexId":"70026150","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Control of predacious flatworms Macrostomum sp. in culturing juvenile freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"Flatworms of the genus Macrostomum are voracious predators on newly metamorphosed juvenile freshwater mussels (Unionidae), which require a fish host to transform mussel larvae into free-living juveniles. Toxicity tests were performed with formalin (paracide-F, 37% formaldehyde) to determine the appropriate levels of treatment for eradicating these flatworms from host fish tanks without adversely affecting the culture of juvenile mussels. Results indicate that a 1-h shock treatment of 250 mg/L formalin or a 3-d continuous exposure to 20 mg/L of formalin kills adult Macrostomum but not fish. Observations indicate that a single treatment is insufficient to kill Macrostomum eggs, so a second treatment after 3 d is necessary to kill newly hatched flatworms. Newly metamorphosed freshwater mussels exposed to similar shock and continuous treatments of formalin were also killed. Thus, all host fish introduced for the purpose of mussel production should be quarantined and treated prophylactically to avoid the infestation of mussel culture systems with predacious flatworms.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8454(2003)065<0028:COPFMS>2.0.CO;2","issn":"15222055","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, L., Neves, R.J., and Smith, D., 2003, Control of predacious flatworms Macrostomum sp. in culturing juvenile freshwater mussels: North American Journal of Aquaculture, v. 65, no. 1, p. 28-32, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8454(2003)065<0028:COPFMS>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"28","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208762,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8454(2003)065<0028:COPFMS>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":234735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fb43e4b0c8380cd4ddb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, L.L.","contributorId":88921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neves, R. J.","contributorId":30936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neves","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, D.G.","contributorId":49393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185190,"text":"70185190 - 2003 - [Book Review] Biology of marine birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T18:42:15","indexId":"70185190","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book Review] Biology of marine birds","docAbstract":"

A text devoted to the biology and ecology of marine birds has not been published in the last 15 years. Although a number of more taxa-specific texts have been produced during that period, there has not been a single publication that attempted to review our knowledge of all the major seabird orders since the works of Nelson (1979), Croxall (1987), and Furness and Monaghan (1987). Following the publication of those works, a large and impressive body of literature has been produced. Given the rapid expansion of the field in the last two decades, the time was ripe for production of an extensive compendium on the biology, ecology, and conservation of the world's seabirds.

E. A. Schreiber and J. Burger are editors of this CRC publication, Biology of Marine Birds. The book consists of 19 chapters that vary in length from 15 to 51 pages. There are also two extensive appendices: (1) a list of seabird species (restricted to the orders Sphenisciformes, Procellariiformes, Pelecaniformes, and Charadriiformes, the latter limited to Stercorariidae, Laridae, Rhynchopidae, and Alcidae) and their IUCN status, and (2) a very useful table of species-specific life-history traits. The 19 chapters were prepared by 26 authors, among them some of the most respected and published seabird scientists in the world. A brief preface introduces the book, its objective (to provide an examination and summary of the research on seabirds), its audience (researchers, conservationists, managers, and policy-makers), and the taxa covered. The editors coauthored the introductory chapter, Seabirds in the Marine Environment. The authors describe distinctive characteristics of seabird life-histories in comparison to other taxa, hypotheses for why those lifestyles evolved and the potential role of energy limitation in the evolution of seabird life-histories. Along with a discussion of other common seabird traits, such as a propensity for colonial breeding, the authors also suggest directions for future research in seabird ecology.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2003)120[0240:BOMB]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Jodice, P.G., Roby, D.D., Antolos, M., Lyons, D., Rizzolo, D., Wright, S.K., Anderson, C.D., Anderson, S.K., Nelson, S.K., Gall, A.E., and Wennerberg, L., 2003, [Book Review] Biology of marine birds: The Auk, v. 120, no. 1, p. 240-245, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2003)120[0240:BOMB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"240","endPage":"245","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"1","publicComments":"Review of: Biology of marine birds. E. A. Schreiber and J. Burger, Eds. 2002. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. xxii + 722 pp. ISBN 0-8493-9882-7. ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba41de4b0849ce97dc75e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":1119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":684677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Antolos, Michelle 0000-0003-0626-6021","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-6021","contributorId":64873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antolos","given":"Michelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, Donald E.","contributorId":20119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Donald E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rizzolo, Daniel drizzolo@usgs.gov","contributorId":5631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rizzolo","given":"Daniel","email":"drizzolo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wright, Sadie K.","contributorId":63223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Sadie","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anderson, Cynthia D.","contributorId":189391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Anderson, Scott K.","contributorId":71748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nelson, S. Kim","contributorId":86680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kim","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gall, Adrian E.","contributorId":54396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gall","given":"Adrian","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wennerberg, Liv","contributorId":63360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wennerberg","given":"Liv","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70026175,"text":"70026175 - 2003 - Stratigraphy, geochronology, and accretionary terrane settings of two Bronson Hill arc sequences, northern New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T14:43:19.418946","indexId":"70026175","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3067,"text":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy, geochronology, and accretionary terrane settings of two Bronson Hill arc sequences, northern New England","docAbstract":"

The Ammonoosuc Volcanics, Partridge Formation, and the Oliverian and Highlandcroft Plutonic Suites of the Bronson Hill anticlinorium (BHA) in axial New England are widely accepted as a single Middle to Late Ordovician magmatic arc that was active during closure of Iapetus. Mapping and U–Pb dating indicate, however, that the BHA contains two volcano-sedimentary-intrusive sequences of probable opposite subduction polarity, here termed the Ammonoosuc and Quimby sequences.

The Ammonoosuc sequence is defined by the Middle Ordovician Ammonoosuc Volcanics near Littleton, NH, the type area, northeast to Milan, NH, and Oquossoc, ME; it also includes black slate of the Partridge Formation (C. bicornis––zone graptolites, ∼457 Ma). Related metamorphosed intrusives are the tonalitic Joslin Turn pluton (469 ± 2 Ma), the Cambridge Black granitic pluton (468 ± 3 Ma), and gabbro, tonalite (467 ± 4 Ma), and sheeted diabase of the Chickwolnepy intrusions. These intrusives cut lowermost Ammonoosuc (therefore >469 Ma). Probable uppermost Ammonoosuc is dated at 465 ± 6 and 461 ± 8 Ma. Successively below the Ammonoosuc are the Dead River and Hurricane Mountain Formations (flysch and melange), and the Jim Pond Formation (484 ± 5 Ma) and Boil Mountain Complex (both ophiolite), which are structurally underlain by the Neoproterozoic(?) Chain Lakes massif.

The Quimby sequence is defined by the Lower Silurian(?) to Upper Ordovician Quimby Formation, composed of bimodal volcanics (443 ± 4 Ma) and sulfidic shale and graywacke that lie conformably to unconformably above the Ammmonoosuc Volcanics and Partridge Formation. Also in the Quimby sequence are several granitic to sparsely gabbroic plutons of the Highlandcroft (441–452 Ma) and Oliverian (435–456 Ma) Plutonic Suites, which intrude the Dead River, Ammonoouc and Partridge, but not the Quimby Formation.

Based on faunal, paleolatitude, and isotopic data, the Ammonoosuc sequence and its correlatives and underlying sequences formed off the southern Laurentian margin, but northwest of the principal Iapetan suture, or Red Indian line. The Boil Mountain-Jim Pond-Hurricane Mountain sequence was ramped northwestward over the Chain Lakes massif at ∼475 Ma, on the basal Boil Mountain surface. This obduction probably occurred slightly before obduction on the Baie Vert-Brompton surface (BBL), farther NW, over the Laurentian margin, and was followed by Dead River flysch sedimentation, which ended with the abrupt onset of Ammonoosuc-sequence arc magmatism at ∼470 Ma. Ammonoosuc eruptions probably ended at ∼460 Ma, when Iapetus closed along the Red Indian line.

During a following magmatic hiatus of ∼3–5 m.y., now represented by portions of the Partridge Formation that overlie the Ammonoosuc Volcanics, subduction polarity reversed, and subduction resumed below the northwest-dipping Brunswick subduction complex (BSC) of New Brunswick, Canada. Quimby-sequence magmatism (∼456–435 Ma) on the newly accreted Laurentian margin occurred above the BSC, whose footwall is now buried to the southeast by mainly Silurian clastic sediments of the Merrimack-Fredericton trough, deposited in the “Fredericton Sea”. In Silurian to Early Devonian time, the NW-dipping BSC footwall was paired with a SE-dipping subduction zone that produced arc magmas of the Coastal Volcanic belt, built on the composite Avalon and adjacent peri-Avalonian terranes. Orogen-normal extension produced by rapid rollback of both subduction zones narrowed the Fredericton Sea, produced the Central Maine and Connecticut Valley-Gaspé basins, and culminated in the Acadian orogeny when the sea completely closed in Early Devonian time.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1474-7065(03)00012-3","issn":"14747065","usgsCitation":"Moench, R.H., and Aleinikoff, J.N., 2003, Stratigraphy, geochronology, and accretionary terrane settings of two Bronson Hill arc sequences, northern New England: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, v. 28, no. 1-3, p. 113-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-7065(03)00012-3.","productDescription":"48 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"160","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine, New Hampshire","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.24609375,\n 43.100982876188546\n ],\n [\n -72.0703125,\n 42.71473218539458\n ],\n [\n -70.8837890625,\n 42.87596410238256\n ],\n [\n -69.2578125,\n 43.739352079154706\n ],\n [\n -66.8408203125,\n 44.68427737181225\n ],\n [\n -67.0166015625,\n 44.933696389694674\n ],\n [\n -67.763671875,\n 45.767522962149876\n ],\n [\n -68.203125,\n 46.34692761055676\n ],\n [\n -69.169921875,\n 46.01222384063236\n ],\n [\n -72.24609375,\n 43.100982876188546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9a46e4b08c986b31c852","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moench, R. H.","contributorId":8853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleinikoff, J. N. 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":75132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025684,"text":"70025684 - 2003 - Using 1-Hz GPS data to measure deformations caused by the denali fault earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:32","indexId":"70025684","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using 1-Hz GPS data to measure deformations caused by the denali fault earthquake","docAbstract":"The 3 November 2002 moment magnitude 7.9 Denali fault earthquake generated large, permanent surface displacements in Alaska and large-amplitude surface waves throughout western North America. We find good agreement between strong ground-motion records integrated to displacement and 1-hertz Global Positioning System (GPS) position estimates collected ??? 140 kilometers from the earthquake epicenter. One-hertz GPS receivers also detected seismic surface waves 750 to 3800 kilometers from the epicenter, whereas these waves saturated many of the seismic instruments in the same region. High-frequency GPS increases the dynamic range and frequency bandwidth of ground-motion observations, providing another tool for studying earthquake processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.1084531","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Larson, K., Bodin, P., and Gomberg, J., 2003, Using 1-Hz GPS data to measure deformations caused by the denali fault earthquake: Science, v. 300, no. 5624, p. 1421-1424, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1084531.","startPage":"1421","endPage":"1424","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208807,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1084531"},{"id":234816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"300","issue":"5624","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc00ae4b08c986b329ebf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, K.M.","contributorId":84949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodin, P.","contributorId":29554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodin","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gomberg, J.","contributorId":95994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026217,"text":"70026217 - 2003 - Living with a large reduction in permited loading by using a hydrograph-controlled release scheme","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:22","indexId":"70026217","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Living with a large reduction in permited loading by using a hydrograph-controlled release scheme","docAbstract":"The Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for ammonia and biochemical oxygen demand for the Pee Dee, Waccamaw, and Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway system near Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, mandated a 60-percent reduction in point-source loading. For waters with a naturally low background dissolved-oxygen concentrations, South Carolina anti-degradation rules in the water-quality regulations allows a permitted discharger a reduction of dissolved oxygen of 0.1 milligrams per liter (mg/L). This is known as the \"0.1 rule.\" Permitted dischargers within this region of the State operate under the \"0.1 rule\" and cannot cause a cumulative impact greater than 0.1 mg/L on dissolved-oxygen concentrations. For municipal water-reclamation facilities to serve the rapidly growing resort and retirement community near Myrtle Beach, a variable loading scheme was developed to allow dischargers to utilize increased assimilative capacity during higher streamflow conditions while still meeting the requirements of a recently established TMDL. As part of the TMDL development, an extensive real-time data-collection network was established in the lower Waccamaw and Pee Dee River watershed where continuous measurements of streamflow, water level, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and specific conductance are collected. In addition, the dynamic BRANCH/BLTM models were calibrated and validated to simulate the water quality and tidal dynamics of the system. The assimilative capacities for various streamflows were also analyzed. The variable-loading scheme established total loadings for three streamflow levels. Model simulations show the results from the additional loading to be less than a 0.1 mg/L reduction in dissolved oxygen. As part of the loading scheme, the real-time network was redesigned to monitor streamflow entering the study area and water-quality conditions in the location of dissolved-oxygen \"sags.\" The study reveals how one group of permit holders used a variable-loading scheme to implement restrictive permit limits without experiencing prohibitive capital expenditures or initiating a lengthy appeals process.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1021316705843","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Conrads, P., Martello, W., and Sullins, N., 2003, Living with a large reduction in permited loading by using a hydrograph-controlled release scheme: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 81, no. 1-3, p. 97-106, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021316705843.","startPage":"97","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208715,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021316705843"},{"id":234668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a48c2e4b0c8380cd680ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conrads, P.A.","contributorId":57493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martello, W.P.","contributorId":8654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martello","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullins, N.R.","contributorId":40393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullins","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025573,"text":"70025573 - 2003 - Evaluation of chemical coagulation-flocculation aids for the removal of suspended solids and phosphorus from intensive recirculating aquaculture effluent discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:26","indexId":"70025573","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":852,"text":"Aquacultural Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of chemical coagulation-flocculation aids for the removal of suspended solids and phosphorus from intensive recirculating aquaculture effluent discharge","docAbstract":"An evaluation of two commonly used coagulation-flocculation aids (alum and ferric chloride) was conducted for the supernatant overflow from settling cones used to treat the effluent from microscreen filters in an intensive recirculating aquaculture system. In addition to determining the effectiveness of these aids in removing both suspended solids and phosphorus, a systematic testing of the variables normally encountered in the coagulation-flocculation process was performed. Tests were carried out to evaluate the dosages and conditions (mixing and flocculation stirring speeds, durations, and settling times) required to achieve optimum waste capture. The orthophosphate removal efficiency for alum and ferric chloride were 89 and 93%, respectively, at a dosage of 90 mg/l. Optimum turbidity removal was achieved with a 60 mg/l dosage for both alum and ferric chloride. Both alum and ferric. chloride demonstrated excellent removal of suspended solids from initial TSS values of approximately 100-10 mg/l at a dosage of 90 mg/l. Flocculation and mixing speed played only a minor role in the removal efficiencies for both orthophosphates and suspended solids. Both coagulation-flocculation aids also exhibited excellent settling characteristics, with the majority of the floc quickly settling out in the first 5 min. ?? 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquacultural Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0144-8609(03)00029-3","issn":"01448609","usgsCitation":"Ebeling, J., Sibrell, P., Ogden, S., and Summerfelt, S., 2003, Evaluation of chemical coagulation-flocculation aids for the removal of suspended solids and phosphorus from intensive recirculating aquaculture effluent discharge: Aquacultural Engineering, v. 29, no. 1-2, p. 23-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8609(03)00029-3.","startPage":"23","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478408,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8609(03)00029-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209467,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8609(03)00029-3"},{"id":235942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c63e4b0c8380cd52b15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebeling, J.M.","contributorId":58068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebeling","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sibrell, P.L.","contributorId":13343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sibrell","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ogden, S.R.","contributorId":105498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogden","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Summerfelt, S.T.","contributorId":47717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summerfelt","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025013,"text":"70025013 - 2003 - Selection of the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T08:36:51","indexId":"70025013","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection of the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites","docAbstract":"

The selection of Meridiani Planum and Gusev crater as the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites took over 2 years, involved broad participation of the science community via four open workshops, and narrowed an initial ∼155 potential sites (80–300 × 30 km) to four finalists based on science and safety. Engineering constraints important to the selection included (1) latitude (10°N–15°S) for maximum solar power, (2) elevation (less than −1.3 km) for sufficient atmosphere to slow the lander, (3) low horizontal winds, shear, and turbulence in the last few kilometers to minimize horizontal velocity, (4) low 10‐m‐scale slopes to reduce airbag spin‐up and bounce, (5) moderate rock abundance to reduce abrasion or strokeout of the airbags, and (6) a radar‐reflective, load‐bearing, and trafficable surface safe for landing and roving that is not dominated by fine‐grained dust. The evaluation of sites utilized existing as well as targeted orbital information acquired from the Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Odyssey. Three of the final four landing sites show strong evidence for surface processes involving water and appear capable of addressing the science objectives of the missions, which are to determine the aqueous, climatic, and geologic history of sites on Mars where conditions may have been favorable to the preservation of evidence of possible prebiotic or biotic processes. The evaluation of science criteria placed Meridiani and Gusev as the highest‐priority sites. The evaluation of the three most critical safety criteria (10‐m‐scale slopes, rocks, and winds) and landing simulation results indicated that Meridiani and Elysium Planitia are the safest sites, followed by Gusev and Isidis Planitia.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2003JE002074","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Golombek, M., Grant, J.A., Parker, T.J., Kass, D., Crisp, J., Squyres, S.W., Haldemann, A.F., Adler, M., Lee, W., Bridges, N., Arvidson, R., Carr, M.H., Kirk, R.L., Knocke, P., Roncoli, R., Weitz, C., Schofield, J.T., Zurek, R., Christensen, P.R., Fergason, R., Anderson, F., and Rice, J.W., 2003, Selection of the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 108, no. E12, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JE002074.","productDescription":"48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gusev Crater; Mars; Meridiani Planum","volume":"108","issue":"E12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8cd5e4b08c986b318166","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golombek, M.P.","contributorId":52696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golombek","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grant, J. A.","contributorId":28334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, T. J.","contributorId":30776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kass, D.M.","contributorId":35513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kass","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crisp, J.A.","contributorId":36327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crisp","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Squyres, S. 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H.","contributorId":84727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":403449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Knocke, P.C.","contributorId":20945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knocke","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Roncoli, R.B.","contributorId":65639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roncoli","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Weitz, C.M.","contributorId":8649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weitz","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Schofield, J. T.","contributorId":26099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schofield","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Zurek, R.W.","contributorId":71305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zurek","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Christensen, P. R.","contributorId":7819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Fergason, R.L.","contributorId":13786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fergason","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Anderson, F.S.","contributorId":8650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"F.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Rice, J. W. Jr.","contributorId":53040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}} ,{"id":70025579,"text":"70025579 - 2003 - Setting an effective TMDL: Sediment loading and effects of suspended sediment on fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-21T18:10:49.561709","indexId":"70025579","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Setting an effective TMDL: Sediment loading and effects of suspended sediment on fish","docAbstract":"

The Agricultural Drainage and Pesticide Transport model was used to examine the relationship between fish and suspended sediment in the context of a proposed total maximum daily load (TMDL) in two agricultural watersheds in Minnesota. During a 50-year simulation, Wells Creek, a third-order cold water stream, had an estimated 1,164 events (i.e., one or more consecutive days of estimated sediment loading) and the Chippewa River, a fourth-order warm water stream, had 906 events of measurable suspended sediment. Sublethal thresholds were exceeded for 970 events and lethal levels for 194 events for brown trout in Wells Creek, whereas adult nonsalmonidis would have experienced sublethal levels for 923 events and lethal levels for 241 events. Sublethal levels were exceeded for 756 events and lethal thresholds were exceeded for 150 events in the Chippewa River. Nonsalmonids would have experienced 15 events of mortality between 0 and 20 percent in Wells Creek. In the Chippewa River, there were 35 events of mortality between 0 and 20 percent and one event in which mortality could have exceeded 20 percent. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency has proposed listing stream reaches as being impaired for turbidity at 25 NTU, which is approximately 46 mg suspended sediment/l. We estimated that 46 mg/l would be exceeded approximately 30 days in a year (d/yr) in both systems. A TMDL of 46 mg SS/l may be too high to ensure that stream fishes are not negatively affected by suspended sediment. We recommend that an indicator incorporating the duration of exposure be applied.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb03688.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Vondracek, B., Zimmerman, J.K., and Westra, J., 2003, Setting an effective TMDL: Sediment loading and effects of suspended sediment on fish: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 39, no. 5, p. 1005-1015, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb03688.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1005","endPage":"1015","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb03688.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d6fe4b08c986b3183db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vondracek, B.","contributorId":69930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, J. K. H.","contributorId":105898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westra, J.V.","contributorId":86159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westra","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025481,"text":"70025481 - 2003 - Morphological impacts of extreme storms on sandy beaches and barriers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70025481","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphological impacts of extreme storms on sandy beaches and barriers","docAbstract":"Historical extreme storms that struck the Gulf Coast and Atlantic Coast regions of the United States caused several different styles of morphological response and resulted in a wide range of washover penetration distances. The post- storm erosional responses included dune scarps, channel incisions, and washouts, whereas depositional responses included perched fans, washover terraces, and sheetwash lineations. Maximum inland extent of washover penetration ranged from approximately 100 to 1000 m and estimated sediment volumes associated with these deposits ranged from about 10 to 225 m 3/m of beach. Unusual styles of morphological response (sheetwash lineations and incised channels) and maximum washover penetration distances are closely correlated, and they also correspond to storm intensity as denned by the Saffir-Simpson wind-speed scale. The regional morphological responses and washover penetration distances are controlled primarily by the interactions among heights and durations of storm surge relative to adjacent land elevations, differences in water levels between the ocean and adjacent lagoon, constructive and destructive interference of storm waves, and alongshore variations in nearshore bathymetry. For barrier segments that are entirely submerged during the storm, impacts can be enhanced by the combined influences of shallow water depths and organized flow within the wind field. The greatest washover penetrations and sediment accumulations are products of shallow water, confined flow, and high wind stress. Transport and deposition of washover sediments across barrier islands and into the adjacent lagoon are common processes along the Gulf of Mexico but not along the western Atlantic Ocean. This fundamental difference in storm impact underscores how microtidal and mesotidal barriers respond respectively to extreme storms, and provides insight into how different types of barrier islands will likely respond to future extreme storms and to a relative rise in sea level.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., and Sallenger, A.H., 2003, Morphological impacts of extreme storms on sandy beaches and barriers: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 19, no. 3, p. 560-573.","startPage":"560","endPage":"573","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236195,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e42e4b0c8380cd708ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, R.A.","contributorId":53849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sallenger, A. H. Jr.","contributorId":8818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171311,"text":"70171311 - 2003 - Establishment of dreissenids in Lake Ontario: implications for the endemic fish community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T13:56:43","indexId":"70171311","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Establishment of dreissenids in Lake Ontario: implications for the endemic fish community","docAbstract":"

Coincident with the establishment of dreissenids in Lake Ontario, the depth distribution of alewife, a non-native predator of larval fishes, shifted deeper and the abundance of burrowing amphipod, Diporeia, declined sharply. The alewife distribution shift was followed by increased reproductive success of two native fishes, lake trout and yellow perch whereas the decline of Diporeia was followed by the appearance of emaciated lake whitefish and slimy sculpin, two native fishes that eat Diporeia.

","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Invasion of alien species in Holarctic: proceedings of the U.S.-Russia Invasive Species Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"U.S.-Russia Invasive Species Workshop","conferenceDate":"August 27-31, 2001","conferenceLocation":"Borok, Russia","language":"English","publisher":"Russian Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"O’Gorman, R., and Owens, R.W., 2003, Establishment of dreissenids in Lake Ontario: implications for the endemic fish community, in Invasion of alien species in Holarctic: proceedings of the U.S.-Russia Invasive Species Workshop, Borok, Russia, August 27-31, 2001, p. 546-553.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"546","endPage":"553","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321759,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e2fe4b07e28b664dba0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Gorman, Robert rogorman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Gorman","given":"Robert","email":"rogorman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owens, Randall W.","contributorId":23871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025049,"text":"70025049 - 2003 - Athena Microscopic Imager investigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T08:39:26","indexId":"70025049","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Athena Microscopic Imager investigation","docAbstract":"

The Athena science payload on the Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) includes the Microscopic Imager (MI). The MI is a fixed‐focus camera mounted on the end of an extendable instrument arm, the Instrument Deployment Device (IDD). The MI was designed to acquire images at a spatial resolution of 30 microns/pixel over a broad spectral range (400–700 nm). The MI uses the same electronics design as the other MER cameras but has optics that yield a field of view of 31 × 31 mm across a 1024 × 1024 pixel CCD image. The MI acquires images using only solar or skylight illumination of the target surface. A contact sensor is used to place the MI slightly closer to the target surface than its best focus distance (about 66 mm), allowing concave surfaces to be imaged in good focus. Coarse focusing (∼2 mm precision) is achieved by moving the IDD away from a rock target after the contact sensor has been activated. The MI optics are protected from the Martian environment by a retractable dust cover. The dust cover includes a Kapton window that is tinted orange to restrict the spectral bandpass to 500–700 nm, allowing color information to be obtained by taking images with the dust cover open and closed. MI data will be used to place other MER instrument data in context and to aid in petrologic and geologic interpretations of rocks and soils on Mars.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2003JE002076","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Bell, J., Maki, J., Arneson, H., Bertelsen, P., Brown, D., Collins, S., Dingizian, A., Elliott, S., Goetz, W., Hagerott, E., Hayes, A., Johnson, M.J., Kirk, R.L., McLennan, S., Morris, R., Scherr, L., Schwochert, M., Shiraishi, L., Smith, G., Soderblom, L.A., Sohl-Dickstein, J.N., and Wadsworth, M., 2003, Athena Microscopic Imager investigation: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 108, no. 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Framboidal sphalerite <0.1 ??m in diameter, formed in the early Miocene, ranges from <0.1 to 0.35 mol% FeS; the ??34S values range from -25??? to -70???, the lowest values measured in a marine or terrestrial environment. 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