{"pageNumber":"2896","pageRowStart":"72375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70026022,"text":"70026022 - 2003 - Age of the Mono Lake excursion and associated tephra","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:34","indexId":"70026022","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age of the Mono Lake excursion and associated tephra","docAbstract":"The Mono Lake excursion (MLE) is an important time marker that has been found in lake and marine sediments across much of the Northern Hemisphere. Dating of this event at its type locality, the Mono Basin of California, has yielded controversial results with the most recent effort concluding that the MLE may actually be the Laschamp excursion (Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 197 (2002) 151). We show that a volcanic tephra (Ash #15) that occurs near the midpoint of the MLE has a date (not corrected for reservoir effect) of 28,620 ?? 300 14C yr BP (??? 32,400 GISP2 yr BP) in the Pyramid Lake Basin of Nevada. Given the location of Ash #15 and the duration of the MLE in the Mono Basin, the event occurred between 31,500 and 33,300 GISP2 yr BP, an age range consistent with the position and age of the uppermost of two paleointensity minima in the NAPIS-75 stack that has been associated with the MLE (Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. A 358 (2000) 1009). The lower paleointensity minimum in the NAPIS-75 stack is considered to be the Laschamp excursion (Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. A 358 (2000) 1009).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00249-4","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Benson, L., Liddicoat, J., Smoot, J., Sarna-Wojcicki, A., Negrini, R., and Lund, S., 2003, Age of the Mono Lake excursion and associated tephra: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 22, no. 2-4, p. 135-140, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00249-4.","startPage":"135","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208879,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00249-4"},{"id":234951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8f1e4b0c8380cd47fc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L.","contributorId":56793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liddicoat, J.","contributorId":89321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liddicoat","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smoot, J.","contributorId":21726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sarna-Wojcicki, A. 0000-0002-0244-9149","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-9149","contributorId":38750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarna-Wojcicki","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Negrini, R.","contributorId":26390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Negrini","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lund, S.","contributorId":84933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70025396,"text":"70025396 - 2003 - Variable migratory patterns of different adult rainbow trout life history types in a southwest Alaska watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-16T12:13:02","indexId":"70025396","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variable migratory patterns of different adult rainbow trout life history types in a southwest Alaska watershed","docAbstract":"<p>Radiotelemetry was used to document population structure in adult rainbow trout <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> from the Alagnak River, southwest Alaska. Rainbow trout (N = 134) longer than 440 mm were implanted with radio transmitters and tracked for varying periods from July 1997 to April 1999. Fifty-eight radio-tagged fish were tracked for sufficient duration (at least 11 months) to allow description of seasonal migratory patterns. Unique seasonal movements of fish suggested discrete, within-basin population structure. Telemetry data documented the existence of multiple migratory and nonmigratory groups of rainbow trout, indicating unique life history patterns. The observed groups consisted of what we defined as a lake-resident ecotype, a lake-river ecotype, and a riverine ecotype; the riverive ecotype demonstrated both highly migratory and nonmigratory movement behavior. Considerable variation in movement patterns was found within both the lake-river group and the river migratory group. Radio-tagged trout did not migrate between the two Alagnak watershed lakes in either year of the study, suggesting lake fidelity in the population structure. Alagnak River rainbow trout may have evolved the observed seasonal movement patterns to optimize winter thermal refugia and summer food availability of salmon eggs and carcasses.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/T01-166","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Meka, J.M., Knudsen, E.E., Douglas, D.C., and Benter, R.B., 2003, Variable migratory patterns of different adult rainbow trout life history types in a southwest Alaska watershed: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 132, no. 4, p. 717-732, https://doi.org/10.1577/T01-166.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"717","endPage":"732","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alagnak River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.08251953125,\n              58.73970633523893\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.69799804687497,\n              58.75110666755426\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.2860107421875,\n              58.82511777083639\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.082763671875,\n              58.85354158266562\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.6817626953125,\n              58.82511777083639\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.4949951171875,\n              58.76250326278713\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.8358154296875,\n              58.64836904894546\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.423828125,\n              58.63979389935778\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.18212890625,\n              58.728302265067185\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.16015625,\n              58.876263846088314\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.346923828125,\n              59.08291631425877\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.3634033203125,\n              59.2771080105117\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.8907470703125,\n              59.293942145266506\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.313720703125,\n              59.293942145266506\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.8795166015625,\n              59.316374710316396\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.104736328125,\n              59.369592780878754\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.37939453125,\n              59.293942145266506\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.8792724609375,\n              59.178742850970224\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.1319580078125,\n              58.99531118795094\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.269287109375,\n              58.839332591651775\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.08251953125,\n              58.73970633523893\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc142e4b08c986b32a4dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meka, Julie M.","contributorId":44713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meka","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knudsen, E. Eric","contributorId":104818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knudsen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":405021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benter, Robert B.","contributorId":81678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benter","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025411,"text":"70025411 - 2003 - Regional quaternary submarine geomorphology in the Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T10:27:13","indexId":"70025411","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional quaternary submarine geomorphology in the Florida Keys","docAbstract":"<p>High-quality seismic reflection profiles fill a major gap in geophysical data along the south Florida shelf, allowing updated interpretations of the history of the Quaternary coral reef system. Incorporation of the new and existing data sets provides the basis for detailed color maps of the Pleistocene surface and thickness of overlying Holocene accretions. The maps cover the Florida Keys to a margin-wide upper-slope terrace (30 to 40 m deep) and extend from The Elbow Reef (north Key Largo) to Rebecca Shoal (Gulf of Mexico). The data indicate that Pleistocene bedrock is several meters deeper to the southwest than to the northeast, yet in general, Holocene sediments are ~3 to 4 m thick shelf-wide. The Pleistocene map demonstrates the significance of a westward-dipping bedrock surface to Holocene flooding history and coral reef evolution. Seismic facies show evidence for two possible Holocene stillstands. Aerial photographs provide information on the seabed surface, much of which is below seismic resolution. The photographs define a prominent, regional nearshore rock ledge that extends ~2.5 km seaward from the keys' shoreline. They show that bands of rock ridges exist along the outer shelf and on the upper-slope terrace. The photographs also reveal four tracts of outlier reefs on the terrace, one more than had been documented seismically. Seismic and photographic data indicate the tracts are &gt;200 km long, nearly four times longer than previously thought. New interpretations provide insights into a youngest possible terrace age (ca. 175 ka?) and the likelihood that precise ages of oxygen isotope substage 5e ooid tidal-bar and coral reef components may differ. The tidal-bar/reef complex forms the Florida Keys.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0845:RQSGIT>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Lidz, B.H., Reich, C., and Shinn, E., 2003, Regional quaternary submarine geomorphology in the Florida Keys: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 7, p. 845-866, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0845:RQSGIT>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"845","endPage":"866","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209342,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0845:RQSGIT>2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"115","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a54be4b0e8fec6cdbddd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lidz, B. H.","contributorId":30651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, C. D. 0000-0002-2534-1456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":36978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70026005,"text":"70026005 - 2003 - Abundance and characteristics of the recreational water quality indicator bacteria Escherichia coli and enterococci in gull faeces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T07:40:35","indexId":"70026005","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2169,"text":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance and characteristics of the recreational water quality indicator bacteria Escherichia coli and enterococci in gull faeces","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Aims:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>To evaluate the numbers and selected phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the faecal indicator bacteria<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Escherichia coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and enterococci in gull faeces at representative Great Lakes swimming beaches in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods and Results:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and enterococci were enumerated in gull faeces by membrane filtration.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>genotypes (rep‐PCR genomic profiles) and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(Vitek<sup>®</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>GNI+) and enterococci (API<sup>®</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>rapid ID 32 Strep and resistance to streptomycin, gentamicin, vancomycin, tetracycline and ampicillin) phenotypes were determined for isolates obtained from gull faeces both early and late in the swimming season. Identical<span>&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>genotypes were obtained only from single gull faecal samples but most faecal samples yielded more than one genotype (median of eight genotypes for samples with 10 isolates).<span>&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>isolates from the same site that clustered at ≥85% similarity were from the same sampling date and shared phenotypic characteristics, and at this similarity level there was population overlap between the two geographically isolated beach sites.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Enterococcus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>API<sup>®</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>profiles varied with sampling date. Gull enterococci displayed wide variation in antibiotic resistance patterns, and high‐level resistance to some antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>Gull faeces could be a major contributor of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(10<sup>5</sup>–10<sup>9</sup> CFU g<sup>−1</sup>) and enterococci (10<sup>4</sup>–10<sup>8</sup> CFU g<sup>−1</sup>) to Great Lakes recreational waters.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and enterococci in gull faeces are highly variable with respect to their genotypic and phenotypic characteristics and may exhibit temporal or geographic trends in these features.</p><p><strong>Significance and Impact of the Study:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>The high degree of variation in genotypic or phenotypic characteristics of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>or enterococci populations within gull hosts will require extensive sampling for adequate characterization, and will influence methods that use these characteristics to determine faecal contamination sources for recreational waters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01910.x","issn":"13645072","usgsCitation":"Fogarty, L., Haack, S., Wolcott, M.J., and Whitman, R., 2003, Abundance and characteristics of the recreational water quality indicator bacteria Escherichia coli and enterococci in gull faeces: Journal of Applied Microbiology, v. 94, no. 5, p. 865-878, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01910.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"865","endPage":"878","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":208695,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01910.x"},{"id":234617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e659e4b0c8380cd4735f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fogarty, L.R.","contributorId":27236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haack, S.K.","contributorId":26457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolcott, M. J. 0000-0002-3924-5940","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-5940","contributorId":44110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolcott","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70026006,"text":"70026006 - 2003 - Using natural distributions of short-lived radium isotopes to quantify groundwater discharge and recharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-21T19:18:23.224663","indexId":"70026006","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using natural distributions of short-lived radium isotopes to quantify groundwater discharge and recharge","docAbstract":"Radium activity in pore water of wetland sediments often differs from the amount expected from local production, decay, and exchange with solid phases. This disequilibrium results from vertical transport of radium with groundwater that flows between the underlying aquifer and surface water. In situations where groundwater recharge or discharge is significant, the rate of vertical water flow through wetland sediment can be determined from the radium disequilibrium by a combined model of transport, production, decay, and exchange with solid phases. We have developed and tested this technique at three sites in the freshwater portion of the Everglades by quantifying vertical advective velocities in areas with persistent groundwater recharge or discharge and estimating a coefficient of dispersion at a site that is subject to reversals between recharge and discharge. Groundwater velocities (v) were determined to be between 0 and -0.5 cm d-1 for a recharge site and 1.5 ?? 0.4 cm d-1 for a discharge site near Levee 39 in the Everglades. Strong gradients in 223Ra and 224Ra usually occurred at the base of the peat layer, which avoided the problems of other tracers (e.g., chloride) for which greatest sensitivity occurs near the peat surface - a zone readily disturbed by processes unrelated to groundwater flow. This technique should be easily applicable to any wetland system with different production rates of these isotopes in distinct sedimentary layers or surface water. The approach is most straightforward in systems where constant pore-water ionic strength can be assumed, simplifying the modeling of radium exchange.","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lo.2003.48.1.0290","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Krest, J., and Harvey, J., 2003, Using natural distributions of short-lived radium isotopes to quantify groundwater discharge and recharge: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 48, no. 1 I, p. 290-298, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.1.0290.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"298","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.1.0290","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388307,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1 I","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc07ee4b08c986b32a164","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krest, J.M.","contributorId":70973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krest","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, J. W. 0000-0002-2654-9873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":39725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025395,"text":"70025395 - 2003 - Integrated field and laboratory tests to evaluate effects of metals-impacted wetlands on amphibians: A case study from Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70025395","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Integrated field and laboratory tests to evaluate effects of metals-impacted wetlands on amphibians: A case study from Montana","docAbstract":"Mining activities frequently impact wildlife habitats, and a wide range of habitats may require evaluations of the linkages between wildlife and environmental stressors common to mining activities (e.g., physical alteration of habitat, releases of chemicals such as metals and other inorganic constituents as part of the mining operation). Wetlands, for example, are frequently impacted by mining activities. Within an ecological assessment for a wetland, toxicity evaluations for representative species may be advantageous to the site evaluation, since these species could be exposed to complex chemical mixtures potentially released from the site. Amphibian species common to these transition zones between terrestrial and aquatic habitats are one key biological indicator of exposure, and integrated approaches which involve both field and laboratory methods focused on amphibians are critical to the assessment process. The laboratory and field evaluations of a wetland in western Montana illustrates the integrated approach to risk assessment and causal analysis. Here, amphibians were used to evaluate the potential toxicity associated with heavy metal-laden sediments deposited in a reservoir. Field and laboratory methods were applied to a toxicity assessment for metals characteristic of mine tailings to reduce potential \"lab to field\" extrapolation errors and provide adaptive management programs with critical site-specific information targeted on remediation.","largerWorkTitle":"ASTM Special Technical Publication","conferenceTitle":"Multiple Stressor Effects in Relation to Declining Amphibian Populations","conferenceDate":"16 April 2002 through 17 April 2002","conferenceLocation":"Pittsburgh, PA","language":"English","issn":"10403094","usgsCitation":"Linder, G., 2003, Integrated field and laboratory tests to evaluate effects of metals-impacted wetlands on amphibians: A case study from Montana, <i>in</i> ASTM Special Technical Publication, no. 1443, Pittsburgh, PA, 16 April 2002 through 17 April 2002, p. 184-204.","startPage":"184","endPage":"204","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"1443","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c5fe4b0c8380cd62cb0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Linder G.L.Krest S.Sparling D.Little E.E.","contributorId":128348,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Linder G.L.Krest S.Sparling D.Little E.E.","id":536564,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Linder, G.","contributorId":43070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70026007,"text":"70026007 - 2003 - Home range and movements of boreal toads in undisturbed habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-27T15:33:10.426138","indexId":"70026007","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home range and movements of boreal toads in undisturbed habitat","docAbstract":"<p><span>I sampled&nbsp;</span>movements<span>&nbsp;and amount of area used by&nbsp;</span>boreal<span>&nbsp;</span>toads<span>&nbsp;(Bufo boreas) between June and October for 3 yr. Females were found farther from the breeding site than were males, and mean&nbsp;</span>home<span>&nbsp;ranges, as calculated by the adaptive kernel method, were four times larger for females than for males. Temperature and snow accumulation were comparable over the study, but data collection was hampered by mortality of animals caused by an outbreak of amphibian chytridiomycosis&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;yr 2. These data provide insight into use of&nbsp;</span>habitat<span>&nbsp;by&nbsp;</span>boreal<span>&nbsp;</span>toads<span>&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;</span>undisturbed<span>&nbsp;areas but may not be typical of a completely healthy population.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.1643/0045-8511(2003)003[0160:HRAMOB]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00458511","usgsCitation":"Muths, E., 2003, Home range and movements of boreal toads in undisturbed habitat: Copeia, no. 1, p. 160-165, https://doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2003)003[0160:HRAMOB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"165","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3200e4b0c8380cd5e438","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, E.","contributorId":6394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70026009,"text":"70026009 - 2003 - Potential effects of climate change on ground water in Lansing, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-21T17:59:26.554716","indexId":"70026009","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential effects of climate change on ground water in Lansing, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p><span>Computer simulations involving general circulation models, a hydrologic modeling system, and a ground water flow model indicate potential impacts of selected climate change projections on ground water levels in the Lansing, Michigan, area. General circulation models developed by the Canadian Climate Centre and the Hadley Centre generated meteorology estimates for 1961 through 1990 (as a reference condition) and for the 20 years centered on 2030 (as a changed climate condition). Using these meteorology estimates, the Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory's hydrologic modeling system produced corresponding period streamflow simulations. Ground water recharge was estimated from the streamflow simulations and from variables derived from the general circulation models. The U.S. Geological Survey developed a numerical ground water flow model of the Saginaw and glacial aquifers in the Tri-County region surrounding Lansing, Michigan. Model simulations, using the ground water recharge estimates, indicate changes in ground water levels. Within the Lansing area, simulated ground water levels in the Saginaw aquifer declined under the Canadian predictions and increased under the Hadley.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb01568.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Croley, T., and Luukkonen, C.L., 2003, Potential effects of climate change on ground water in Lansing, Michigan: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 39, no. 1, p. 149-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb01568.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"163","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388285,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Michigan","city":"Lansing","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.814453125,\n              42.62587560259137\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.276123046875,\n              42.62587560259137\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.276123046875,\n              42.94033923363181\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.814453125,\n              42.94033923363181\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.814453125,\n              42.62587560259137\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ecfe4b0c8380cd7a776","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Croley, T.E. II","contributorId":58381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croley","given":"T.E.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luukkonen, C. L.","contributorId":28962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luukkonen","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70026010,"text":"70026010 - 2003 - Fault systems of the 1971 San Fernando and 1994 Northridge earthquakes, southern California: Relocated aftershocks and seismic images from LARSE II","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:25","indexId":"70026010","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fault systems of the 1971 San Fernando and 1994 Northridge earthquakes, southern California: Relocated aftershocks and seismic images from LARSE II","docAbstract":"We have constructed a composite image of the fault systems of the M 6.7 San Fernando (1971) and Northridge (1994), California, earthquakes, using industry reflection and oil test well data in the upper few kilometers of the crust, relocated aftershocks in the seismogenic crust, and LARSE II (Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment, Phase II) reflection data in the middle and lower crust. In this image, the San Fernando fault system appears to consist of a decollement that extends 50 km northward at a dip of ???25?? from near the surface at the Northridge Hills fault, in the northern San Fernando Valley, to the San Andreas fault in the middle to lower crust. It follows a prominent aseismic reflective zone below and northward of the main-shock hypocenter. Interpreted upward splays off this decollement include the Mission Hills and San Gabriel faults and the two main rupture planes of the San Fernando earthquake, which appear to divide the hanging wall into shingle- or wedge-like blocks. In contrast, the fault system for the Northridge earthquake appears simple, at least east of the LARSE II transect, consisting of a fault that extends 20 km southward at a dip of ???33?? from ???7 km depth beneath the Santa Susana Mountains, where it abuts the interpreted San Fernando decollement, to ???20 km depth beneath the Santa Monica Mountains. It follows a weak aseismic reflective zone below and southward of the mainshock hypocenter. The middle crustal reflective zone along the interpreted San Fernando decollement appears similar to a reflective zone imaged beneath the San Gabriel Mountains along the LARSE I transect, to the east, in that it appears to connect major reverse or thrust faults in the Los Angeles region to the San Andreas fault. However, it differs in having a moderate versus a gentle dip and in containing no mid-crustal bright reflections.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Fuis, G., Clayton, R., Davis, P., Ryberg, T., Lutter, W.J., Okaya, D.A., Hauksson, E., Prodehl, C., Murphy, J., Benthien, M., Baher, S., Kohler, M., Thygesen, K., Simila, G., and Keller, G.R., 2003, Fault systems of the 1971 San Fernando and 1994 Northridge earthquakes, southern California: Relocated aftershocks and seismic images from LARSE II: Geology, v. 31, no. 2, p. 171-174.","startPage":"171","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f1de4b0c8380cd53790","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clayton, R.W.","contributorId":63413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, P.M.","contributorId":15229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ryberg, T.","contributorId":91643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lutter, W. J.","contributorId":90361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutter","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Okaya, D. A.","contributorId":64280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okaya","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hauksson, E.","contributorId":10932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauksson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Prodehl, C.","contributorId":100376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prodehl","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Murphy, J.M.","contributorId":84760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Benthien, M.L.","contributorId":20780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benthien","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Baher, S.A.","contributorId":14168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baher","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kohler, M.D.","contributorId":47399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohler","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Thygesen, K.","contributorId":56840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thygesen","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Simila, G.","contributorId":18151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simila","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Keller, Gordon R.","contributorId":90280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70026011,"text":"70026011 - 2003 - Photodegradation of roxarsone in poultry litter leachates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:25","indexId":"70026011","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Photodegradation of roxarsone in poultry litter leachates","docAbstract":"Arsenic compounds have been used extensively in agriculture in the US for applications ranging from cotton herbicides to animal feed supplements. Roxarsone (3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid), in particular, is used widely in poultry production to control coccidial intestinal parasites. It is excreted unchanged in the manure and introduced into the environment when litter is applied to farmland as fertilizer. Although the toxicity of roxarsone is less than that of inorganic arsenic, roxarsone can degrade, biotically and abiotically, to produce more toxic inorganic forms of arsenic, such as arsenite and arsenate. Experiments were conducted on aqueous litter leachates to test the stability of roxarsone under different conditions. Laboratory experiments have shown that arsenite can be cleaved photolytically from the roxarsone moiety at pH 4-8 and that the degradation rate increases with increasing pH. Furthermore, the rate of photodegradation increases with nitrate and natural organic matter concentration, reactants that are commonly found in poultry-litter-water leachates. Additional photochemical reactions rapidly oxidize the cleaved arsenite to arsenate. The formation of arsenate is not entirely undesirable, because it is less mobile in soil systems and less toxic than arsenite. A possible mechanism for the degradation of roxarsone in poultry litter leachates is proposed. The results suggest that poultry litter storage and field application practices could affect the degradation of roxarsone and subsequent mobilization of inorganic arsenic species. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00322-4","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Bednar, A., Garbarino, J., Ferrer, I., Rutherford, D., Wershaw, R., Ranville, J., and Wildeman, T., 2003, Photodegradation of roxarsone in poultry litter leachates: Science of the Total Environment, v. 302, no. 1-3, p. 237-245, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00322-4.","startPage":"237","endPage":"245","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208756,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00322-4"},{"id":234726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"302","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a78c6e4b0c8380cd7879c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bednar, A.J.","contributorId":67247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bednar","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garbarino, J.R.","contributorId":76326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferrer, I.","contributorId":97260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrer","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rutherford, D.W.","contributorId":21244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutherford","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wershaw, R.L.","contributorId":62223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wershaw","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ranville, J. F.","contributorId":54245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ranville","given":"J. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wildeman, T.R.","contributorId":30248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildeman","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70026012,"text":"70026012 - 2003 - Structure, production and resource use in some old-growth spruce/fir forests in the front range of the Rocky Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70026012","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure, production and resource use in some old-growth spruce/fir forests in the front range of the Rocky Mountains, USA","docAbstract":"Old-growth forests of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex. Engelm.) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) dominate much of the landscape of the Rocky Mountains. We characterized the structure, biomass and production of 18 old-growth (200-450-year-old) spruce/fir forests in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, as well as the stand-level supply and use of light and nitrogen. Stands were chosen to span a broad range of elevation, aspect, and topography. Aboveground tree biomass in these old-growth forests averaged 253 Mg/ha (range 130-488 Mg/ha), with aboveground net primary production of 3700 kg ha-1 yr-1 (range from 2700 to 5200 kg ha-1 yr-1). Within stands, trees >35 cm in diameter accounted for 70% of aboveground biomass, but trees <35 cm contributed 70% of the production of woody biomass. Differences in slope and aspect among sites resulted in a range of incoming light from 58 to 74 TJ ha-1 yr-1, and tree canopies intercepted an average of 71% of incoming light (range 50-90%). Aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of trees did not relate to the supply of light or N, but ANPP correlated strongly with the amount of light and N used (r2 = 0.45-0.54, P < 0.01). Uptake of 1 kg of N was associated with about 260 kg of ANPP, and one TJ of intercepted shortwave radiation produced about 78 kg of ANPP. Across these old-growth stands, stands with greater biomass showed higher rates of both ANPP and resource use; variation in aboveground biomass was associated with 24% of the variation in N use (P = 0.04), 44% of the light use (P = 0.003), and 45% of the ANPP (P = 0.002). ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00794-0","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Binkley, D., Olsson, U., Rochelle, R., Stohlgren, T., and Nikolov, N., 2003, Structure, production and resource use in some old-growth spruce/fir forests in the front range of the Rocky Mountains, USA: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 172, no. 2-3, p. 271-279, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00794-0.","startPage":"271","endPage":"279","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208777,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00794-0"},{"id":234764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"172","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9c6be4b08c986b31d3f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Binkley, Dan","contributorId":102419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binkley","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsson, U.","contributorId":85377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsson","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rochelle, R.","contributorId":21729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rochelle","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.","contributorId":40766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nikolov, N.","contributorId":76525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nikolov","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70026014,"text":"70026014 - 2003 - Paleomagnetism and geochronology of an Early Proterozoic quartz diorite in the southern Wind River Range, Wyoming, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:35","indexId":"70026014","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetism and geochronology of an Early Proterozoic quartz diorite in the southern Wind River Range, Wyoming, USA","docAbstract":"We present geochronologic and paleomagnetic data from a north-trending quartz diorite intrusion that cuts Archean metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks of the South Pass Greenstone Belt of the Wyoming craton. The quartz diorite was previously thought to be either Archean or Early Proterozoic (?) in age and is cut by north and northeast-trending Proterozoic diabase dikes of uncertain age, for which we also report paleomagnetic data. New U-Pb analyses of baddeleyite and zircon from the quartz diorite yield a concordia upper intercept age of 2170 ?? 8 Ma (95% confidence). An 40Ar/39Ar amphibole date from the same sample yields a similar apparent age of about 2124 ?? 30 Ma (2??), thus confirming that the intrusion is Early Proterozoic in age and that it has probably not been thermally disturbed since emplacement. A magmatic event at ca. 2.17 Ga has not previously been documented in the Wyoming craton. The quartz diorite and one of the crosscutting diabase dikes yield essentially identical, well-defined characteristic remanent magnetizations. Results from eight sites in the quartz diorite yield an in situ mean direction of north declination and moderate to steep positive inclination (Dec.=355??, Inc.=65??, k=145, ??95=5??) with a paleomagnetic pole at 84??N, 215??E (??m=6??, ??p=7??). Data from other diabase dike sites are inconsistent with the quartz diorite results, but the importance of these results is uncertain because the age of the dikes is not well known. Interpretation of the quartz diorite remanent magnetization is problematic. The in situ direction is similar to expected directions for magnetizations of Late Cretaceous/early Tertiary age. However, there is no compelling evidence to suggest that these rocks were remagnetized during the late Mesozoic or Cenozoic. Assuming this magnetization to be primary, then the in situ paleomagnetic pole is strongly discordant with poles of 2167, 2214, and 2217 Ma from the Canadian Shield, and is consistent with proposed separation of the Wyoming Craton and Laurentia prior to about 1.8 Ga. Correcting the quartz diorite pole for the possible effects of Laramide-age tilting of the Wind River Range, based on the attitude of nearby overlying Cambrian Flathead Sandstone (dip=20??, N20??E), gives a tilt corrected pole of 75??N, 58??E (??m=4??, ??p=6??), which is also discordant with respect to time-equivalent poles from the Superior Province. Reconstruction of the Superior and Wyoming Province using a rotation similar to that proposed by Roscoe and Card [Can. J. Earth Sci. 46(1993)2475] is problematic, but reconstruction of the Superior and Wyoming Provinces based on restoring them to their correct paleolatitude and orientation using a closest approach fit indicates that the two cratons could have been adjacent at about 2.17 Ga prior to rifting at about 2.15 Ga. The paleomagnetic data presented are consistent with the hypothesis that the Huronian and Snowy Pass Supergroups could have evolved as part of a single epicratonic sedimentary basin during the Early Proterozoic. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0040-1951(02)00633-9","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Harlan, S.S., Geisman, J., and Premo, W.R., 2003, Paleomagnetism and geochronology of an Early Proterozoic quartz diorite in the southern Wind River Range, Wyoming, USA: Tectonophysics, v. 362, no. 1-4, p. 105-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(02)00633-9.","startPage":"105","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208798,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(02)00633-9"},{"id":234798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"362","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a741ce4b0c8380cd7744e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harlan, S. S.","contributorId":11651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlan","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geisman, J.W.","contributorId":6233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geisman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Premo, W. R. 0000-0001-9904-4801","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":22782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70026015,"text":"70026015 - 2003 - Relation of age-0 largemouth bass abundance to hydrilla coverage and water level at Lochloosa and Orange Lakes, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:35","indexId":"70026015","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation of age-0 largemouth bass abundance to hydrilla coverage and water level at Lochloosa and Orange Lakes, Florida","docAbstract":"Changes in electrofishing catch per hour (CPH) of age-0 largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides were examined in relation to aquatic macrophytes and seasonal water elevation at Lochloosa and Orange lakes, Florida, during the 1990s. At Lochloosa Lake, stepwise multiple regression revealed a significant positive relationship between the mean CPH of age-0 largemouth bass and the percentage of areal coverage by hydrilla Hydrilla verticallata. At Orange Lake, mean CPH was directly associated with the percentage of areal coverage by hydrilla and inversely related to summer water levels. Thus, the influence of vegetation on age-0 largemouth bass abundance was similar at both lakes, but the effects of water levels were not. Further investigations into the effects of fluctuations in water levels on age-0 largemouth bass in natural lakes are needed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(2003)023<0251:ROALBA>2.0.CO;2","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Tate, W., Allen, M.S., Myers, R., Nagid, E., and Estes, J., 2003, Relation of age-0 largemouth bass abundance to hydrilla coverage and water level at Lochloosa and Orange Lakes, Florida: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 23, no. 1, p. 251-257, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2003)023<0251:ROALBA>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"251","endPage":"257","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478573,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2003)023<0251:roalba>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":208799,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2003)023<0251:ROALBA>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":234799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a673e4b0e8fec6cdc19a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tate, W.B.","contributorId":78917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tate","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, M. S.","contributorId":63001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Myers, R.A.","contributorId":10971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nagid, E.J.","contributorId":80050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagid","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Estes, J.R.","contributorId":13792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70026016,"text":"70026016 - 2003 - Strong ground-motion prediction from Stochastic-dynamic source models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-19T16:35:24.791026","indexId":"70026016","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strong ground-motion prediction from Stochastic-dynamic source models","docAbstract":"In the absence of sufficient data in the very near source, predictions of the intensity and variability of ground motions from future large earthquakes depend strongly on our ability to develop realistic models of the earthquake source. In this article we simulate near-fault strong ground motion using dynamic source models. We use a boundary integral method to simulate dynamic rupture of earthquakes by specifying dynamic source parameters (fracture energy and stress drop) as spatial random fields. We choose these quantities such that they are consistent with the statistical properties of slip heterogeneity found in finite-source models of past earthquakes. From these rupture models we compute theoretical strong-motion seismograms up to a frequency of 2 Hz for several realizations of a scenario strike-slip Mw 7.0 earthquake and compare empirical response spectra, spectra obtained from our dynamic models, and spectra determined from corresponding kinematic simulations. We find that spatial and temporal variations in slip, slip rise time, and rupture propagation consistent with dynamic rupture models exert a strong influence on near-source ground motion. Our results lead to a feasible approach to specify the variability in the rupture time distribution in kinematic models through a generalization of Andrews' (1976) result relating rupture speed to apparent fracture energy, stress drop, and crack length to 3D dynamic models. This suggests that a simplified representation of dynamic rupture may be obtained to approximate the effects of dynamic rupture without having to do full dynamic simulations.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120020006","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Guatteri, M., Mai, P., Beroza, G., and Boatwright, J., 2003, Strong ground-motion prediction from Stochastic-dynamic source models: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 93, no. 1, p. 301-313, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120020006.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"313","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b86e4b08c986b31cf46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guatteri, Mariagiovanna","contributorId":29979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guatteri","given":"Mariagiovanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mai, P.M.","contributorId":32712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mai","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beroza, G. C.","contributorId":95626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beroza","given":"G. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boatwright, J.","contributorId":87297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boatwright","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70026017,"text":"70026017 - 2003 - Arctic transitions in the Land - Atmosphere System (ATLAS): Background, objectives, results, and future directions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:35","indexId":"70026017","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arctic transitions in the Land - Atmosphere System (ATLAS): Background, objectives, results, and future directions","docAbstract":"This paper briefly reviews the background, objectives, and results of the Arctic Transitions in the Land-Atmosphere System (ATLAS) Project to date and provides thoughts on future directions. The key goal of the ATLAS Project is to improve understanding of controls over spatial and temporal variability of terrestrial processes in the Arctic that have potential consequences for the climate system, i.e., processes that affect the exchange of water and energy with the atmosphere, the exchange of radiatively active gases with the atmosphere, and the delivery of freshwater to the Arctic Ocean. Three important conclusions have emerged from research associated with the ATLAS Project. First, associated with the observation that the Alaskan Arctic has warmed significantly in the last 30 years, permafrost is warming, shrubs are expanding, and there has been a temporary release of carbon dioxide from tundra soils. Second, the winter is a more important period of biological activity than previously appreciated. Biotic processes, including shrub expansion and decomposition, affect snow structure and accumulation and affect the annual carbon budget of tundra ecosystems. Third, observed vegetation changes can have a significant positive feedback to regional warming. These vegetation effects are, however, less strong than those exerted by land-ocean heating contrasts and the topographic constraints on air mass movements. The papers of this special section provide additional insights related to these conclusions and to the overall goal of ATLAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"McGuire, A., Sturm, M., and Chapin, F.S., 2003, Arctic transitions in the Land - Atmosphere System (ATLAS): Background, objectives, results, and future directions: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 108, no. 2.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed57e4b0c8380cd49750","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sturm, M.","contributorId":81834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturm","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapin, F. S. III","contributorId":16776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapin","given":"F.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185121,"text":"70185121 - 2003 - Immobilization of cobalt by sulfate-reducing bacteria in subsurface sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T07:45:19","indexId":"70185121","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1800,"text":"Geomicrobiology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Immobilization of cobalt by sulfate-reducing bacteria in subsurface sediments","docAbstract":"<p><span>We investigated the impact of sulfate-reduction on immobilization of metals in subsurface aquifers. Co 2+ was used as a model for heavy metals. Factors limiting sulfate-reduction dependent Co 2+ immobilization were tested on pure cultures of sulfate-reducing bacteria, and in sediment columns from a landfill leachate contaminated aquifer. In the presence of 1 mM Co 2+ , the growth of pure cultures of sulfate-reducing bacteria was not impacted. Cultures of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae , and Desulfomicrobium hypogeia removed greater than 99.99% of the soluble Co 2+ when CoCl 2 was used with no chelators. The above cultures and Desulfoarcula baarsi removed 98-99.94% of the soluble Co(II) when the metal was complexed with the model ligand nitrilotriacetate (Co-NTA). Factors controlling the rate of sulfate-reduction based Co 2+ precipitation were investigated in sediment-cobalt mixtures. Several electron donors were tested and all but toluene accelerated soluble Co 2+ loss. Ethanol and formate showed the greatest stimulation. All complex nitrogen sources tested slowed and decreased the extent of Co 2+ removal from solution relative to formate-amended sediment incubations. A range of pH values were tested (6.35-7.81), with the more alkaline incubations exhibiting the largest precipitation of Co 2+ . The immobilization of Co 2+ in sediments was also investigated with cores to monitor the flow of Co 2+ through undisturbed sediments. An increase in the amount of Co 2+ immobilized as CoS was observed as sulfate reduction activity was stimulated in flow through columns. Both pure culture and sediment incubation data indicate that stimulation of sulfate reduction is a viable strategy in the immobilization of contaminating metals in subsurface systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01490450303892","usgsCitation":"Krumholz, L.R., Elias, D.A., and Suflita, J.M., 2003, Immobilization of cobalt by sulfate-reducing bacteria in subsurface sediments: Geomicrobiology Journal, v. 20, no. 1, p. 61-72, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450303892.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"72","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d3e4b0849ce97c86e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krumholz, Lee R.","contributorId":187679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krumholz","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elias, Dwayne A.","contributorId":189299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elias","given":"Dwayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suflita, Joseph M.","contributorId":187604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suflita","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185128,"text":"70185128 - 2003 - Two new organic reference materials for δ13C and δ15N measurements and a new value for the δ13C of NBS 22 oil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-02T13:25:14","indexId":"70185128","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3233,"text":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Two new organic reference materials for δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N measurements and a new value for the δ<sup>13</sup>C of NBS 22 oil","title":"Two new organic reference materials for δ13C and δ15N measurements and a new value for the δ13C of NBS 22 oil","docAbstract":"<p><span>Analytical grade L-glutamic acid is chemically stable and has a C/N mole ratio of 5, which is close to that of many of natural biological materials, such as blood and animal tissue. Two L-glutamic acid reference materials with substantially different </span><sup>13</sup><span>C and </span><sup>15</sup><span>N abundances have been prepared for use as organic reference materials for C and N isotopic measurements. USGS40 is analytical grade L-glutamic acid and has a </span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C value of −26.24‰ relative to VPDB and a </span><i>δ</i><sup>15</sup><span>N value of −4.52‰ relative to N</span><sub>2</sub><span> in air. USGS41 was prepared by dissolving analytical grade L-glutamic acid with L-glutamic acid enriched in </span><sup>13</sup><span>C and </span><sup>15</sup><span>N. USGS41 has a </span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C value of +37.76‰ and a </span><i>δ</i><sup>15</sup><span>N value of +47.57‰. The </span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C and </span><i>δ</i><sup>15</sup><span>N values of both materials were measured against the international reference materials NBS 19 calcium carbonate (</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C = +1.95‰), L-SVEC lithium carbonate (</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C = −46.48‰), IAEA-N-1 ammonium sulfate (</span><i>δ</i><sup>15</sup><span>N = 0.43‰), and USGS32 potassium nitrate (</span><i>δ</i><sup>15</sup><span>N = 180‰) by on-line combustion continuous-flow and off-line dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Both USGS40 and USGS41 are isotopically homogeneous; reproducibility of </span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C is better than 0.13‰, and that of </span><i>δ</i><sup>15</sup><span>N is better than 0.13‰ in 100-μg amounts. These two isotopic reference materials can be used for (i) calibrating local laboratory reference materials, and (ii) quantifying drift with time, mass-dependent fractionations, and isotope-ratio-scale contraction in the isotopic analysis of various biological materials. Isotopic results presented in this paper yield a </span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C value for NBS 22 oil of −29.91‰, in contrast to the commonly accepted value of −29.78‰ for which off-line blank corrections probably have not been quantified satisfactorily.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rcm.1219","usgsCitation":"Qi, H., Coplen, T.B., Geilmann, H., Brand, W.A., and Böhlke, J., 2003, Two new organic reference materials for δ13C and δ15N measurements and a new value for the δ13C of NBS 22 oil: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, v. 17, no. 22, p. 2483-2487, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1219.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"2483","endPage":"2487","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337601,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d2e4b0849ce97c86dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geilmann, Heike","contributorId":41303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geilmann","given":"Heike","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13365,"text":"Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brand, Willi A.","contributorId":33091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brand","given":"Willi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13365,"text":"Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70025236,"text":"70025236 - 2003 - Three-dimensional velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in southwestern China and its tectonic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-29T14:04:06.961383","indexId":"70025236","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in southwestern China and its tectonic implications","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Using<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>S</i><span>&nbsp;</span>arrival times from 4625 local and regional earthquakes recorded at 174 seismic stations and associated geophysical investigations, this paper presents a three‐dimensional crustal and upper mantle velocity structure of southwestern China (21°–34°N, 97°–105°E). Southwestern China lies in the transition zone between the uplifted Tibetan plateau to the west and the Yangtze continental platform to the east. In the upper crust a positive velocity anomaly exists in the Sichuan Basin, whereas a large‐scale negative velocity anomaly exists in the western Sichuan Plateau, consistent with the upper crustal structure under the southern Tibetan plateau. The boundary between these two anomaly zones is the Longmen Shan Fault. The negative velocity anomalies at 50‐km depth in the Tengchong volcanic area and the Panxi tectonic zone appear to be associated with temperature and composition variations in the upper mantle. The Red River Fault is the boundary between the positive and negative velocity anomalies at 50‐km depth. The overall features of the crustal and the upper mantle structures in southwestern China are a low average velocity, large crustal thickness variations, the existence of a high‐conductivity layer in the crust or/and upper mantle, and a high heat flow value. All these features are closely related to the collision between the Indian and the Asian plates.</p></div>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2002JB001973","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Wang, C., Chan, W., and Mooney, W.D., 2003, Three-dimensional velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in southwestern China and its tectonic implications: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 108, no. 9, 2442, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JB001973.","productDescription":"2442, 18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science 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Chun-Yong","contributorId":98893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Chun-Yong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chan, W.W.","contributorId":79275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chan","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025228,"text":"70025228 - 2003 - Morphological traits of Pacific Flyway Canada Geese as an aid to subspecies identification and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:53:51","indexId":"70025228","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphological traits of Pacific Flyway Canada Geese as an aid to subspecies identification and management","docAbstract":"<p><span>Subspecies of Canada Geese (</span><i>Branta canadensis</i><span>) exhibit wide variation in body size across their range. To monitor harvest levels in the Pacific Flyway, biologists commonly use culmen length and plumage color to differentiate among subspecies on sympatric wintering grounds. Among the four large-bodied Pacific subspecies (</span><i>B. c. parvipes</i><span>, </span><i>B. c. occidentalis</i><span>, </span><i>B. c. fulva</i><span>, and </span><i>B. c. moffitti</i><span>), overlap in culmen length and subjectivity of visually assessing color results in misclassification and inaccurate harvest estimates. We examined the morphology of Pacific large-bodied Canada Geese to characterize body size variation among subspecies and provide more discriminatory measures for harvest assessments. We found that culmen length, one of the most commonly used field measures, overlapped widely among subspecies, and it had little support for inclusion in discriminatory models. Morphological measures with greater explanatory power included bill width at nail, bill width at base, head length, and mid wing. If culmen length and plumage color continue to be used to assess winter harvest, we recommend the addition of at least one sex-specific measurement to reduce levels of misclassification among subspecies. If an additional morphological measure is included, further evaluation on the wintering grounds should be conducted as this measure's effectiveness may vary depending upon observer bias, temporal and spatial variation in subspecies abundance, and the proportion of birds accurately sexed by cloacal examination.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1648/0273-8570-74.4.357","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., and Bollinger, K.S., 2003, Morphological traits of Pacific Flyway Canada Geese as an aid to subspecies identification and management: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 74, no. 4, p. 357-369, https://doi.org/10.1648/0273-8570-74.4.357.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"369","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Flyway","volume":"74","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e43e4b0c8380cd708f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bollinger, Karen S.","contributorId":33842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025231,"text":"70025231 - 2003 - Late Paleozoic orogeny in Alaska's Farewell terrane","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:38:04","indexId":"70025231","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Paleozoic orogeny in Alaska's Farewell terrane","docAbstract":"Evidence is presented for a previously unrecognized late Paleozoic orogeny in two parts of Alaska's Farewell terrane, an event that has not entered into published scenarios for the assembly of Alaska. The Farewell terrane was long regarded as a piece of the early Paleozoic passive margin of western Canada, but is now thought, instead, to have lain between the Siberian and Laurentian (North American) cratons during the early Paleozoic. Evidence for a late Paleozoic orogeny comes from two belts located 100-200 km apart. In the northern belt, metamorphic rocks dated at 284-285 Ma (three 40Ar/39Ar white-mica plateau ages) provide the main evidence for orogeny. The metamorphic rocks are interpreted as part of the hinterland of a late Paleozoic mountain belt, which we name the Browns Fork orogen. In the southern belt, thick accumulations of Pennsylvanian-Permian conglomerate and sandstone provide the main evidence for orogeny. These strata are interpreted as the eroded and deformed remnants of a late Paleozoic foreland basin, which we name the Dall Basin. We suggest that the Browns Fork orogen and Dall Basin comprise a matched pair formed during collision between the Farewell terrane and rocks to the west. The colliding object is largely buried beneath Late Cretaceous flysch to the west of the Farewell terrane, but may have included parts of the so-called Innoko terrane. The late Paleozoic convergent plate boundary represented by the Browns Fork orogen likely connected with other zones of plate convergence now located in Russia, elsewhere in Alaska, and in western Canada. Published by Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00238-5","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D.C., Dumoulin, J.A., Layer, P., Sunderlin, D., Roeske, S., McClelland, B., Harris, A., Abbott, G., Bundtzen, T., and Kusky, T., 2003, Late Paleozoic orogeny in Alaska's Farewell terrane: Tectonophysics, v. 372, no. 1-2, p. 23-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00238-5.","startPage":"23","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209421,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00238-5"}],"volume":"372","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4501e4b0c8380cd66f63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, D. C.","contributorId":17634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Layer, P.","contributorId":55188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layer","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sunderlin, David","contributorId":37933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sunderlin","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79380,"text":"Lafayette College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":404325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roeske, S.","contributorId":72992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roeske","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McClelland, B.","contributorId":18156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClelland","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Harris, A. G.","contributorId":39791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Abbott, G.","contributorId":80879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bundtzen, T.","contributorId":63209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kusky, T.","contributorId":59221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kusky","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70025232,"text":"70025232 - 2003 - The slow advance of a calving glacier: Hubbard Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T20:24:31","indexId":"70025232","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":794,"text":"Annals of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The slow advance of a calving glacier: Hubbard Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A","docAbstract":"Hubbard Glacier is the largest tidewater glacier in North America. In contrast to most glaciers in Alaska and northwestern Canada, Hubbard Glacier thickened and advanced during the 20th century. This atypical behavior is an important example of how insensitive to climate a glacier can become during parts of the calving glacier cycle. As this glacier continues to advance, it will close the seaward entrance to 50 km long Russell Fjord and create a glacier-dammed, brackish-water lake. This paper describes measured changes in ice thickness, ice speed, terminus advance and fjord bathymetry of Hubbard Glacier, as determined from airborne laser altimetry, aerial photogrammetry, satellite imagery and bathymetric measurements. The data show that the lower regions of the glacier have thickened by as much as 83 m in the last 41 years, while the entire glacier increased in volume by 14.1 km3. Ice speeds are generally decreasing near the calving face from a high of 16.5 m d-1 in 1948 to 11.5 m d-1 in 2001. The calving terminus advanced at an average rate of about 16 m a-1 between 1895 and 1948 and accelerated to 32 m a-1 since 1948. However, since 1986, the advance of the part of the terminus in Disenchantment Bay has slowed to 28 m a-1. Bathymetric data from the lee slope of the submarine terminal moraine show that between 1978 and 1999 the moraine advanced at an average rate of 32 m a-1, which is the same as that of the calving face.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Glaciology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ingenta Connect","doi":"10.3189/172756403781816400","issn":"02603055","usgsCitation":"Trabant, D., Krimmel, R.M., Echelmeyer, K., Zirnheld, S., and Elsberg, D., 2003, The slow advance of a calving glacier: Hubbard Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A: Annals of Glaciology, v. 36, no. 1, p. 45-50, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756403781816400.","startPage":"45","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478522,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/172756403781816400","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269198,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756403781816400"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb037e4b08c986b324ce8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trabant, D.C.","contributorId":42209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trabant","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krimmel, R. M.","contributorId":81093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krimmel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Echelmeyer, K.A.","contributorId":11781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Echelmeyer","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zirnheld, S.L.","contributorId":100170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zirnheld","given":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Elsberg, D.H.","contributorId":53140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elsberg","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70025233,"text":"70025233 - 2003 - Numerical modeling of coupled nitrification-denitrification in sediment perfusion cores from the hyporheic zone of the Shingobee River, MN","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T09:45:02","indexId":"70025233","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical modeling of coupled nitrification-denitrification in sediment perfusion cores from the hyporheic zone of the Shingobee River, MN","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id12\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id13\"><p>Nitrification and denitrification kinetics in sediment perfusion cores were numerically modeled and compared to experiments on cores from the Shingobee River MN, USA. The experimental design incorporated mixing groundwater discharge with stream water penetration into the cores, which provided a well-defined, one-dimensional simulation of in situ hydrologic conditions. Ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) and nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) concentration gradients suggested the upper region of the cores supported coupled nitrification–denitrification, where groundwater-derived NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>was first oxidized to NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>then subsequently reduced via denitrification to N<sub>2</sub>. Nitrification and denitrification were modeled using a Crank–Nicolson finite difference approximation to a one-dimensional advection–dispersion equation. Both processes were modeled using first-order reaction kinetics because substrate concentrations (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) were much smaller than published Michaelis constants. Rate coefficients for nitrification and denitrification ranged from 0.2 to 15.8 h<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and 0.02 to 8.0 h<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The rate constants followed an Arrhenius relationship between 7.5 and 22 °C. Activation energies for nitrification and denitrification were 162 and 97.3 kJ/mol, respectively. Seasonal NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration patterns in the Shingobee River were accurately simulated from the relationship between perfusion core temperature and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>flux to the overlying water. The simulations suggest that NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>in groundwater discharge is controlled by sediment nitrification that, consistent with its activation energy, is strongly temperature dependent.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00088-5","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"Sheibley, R., Jackman, A.P., Duff, J., and Triska, F., 2003, Numerical modeling of coupled nitrification-denitrification in sediment perfusion cores from the hyporheic zone of the Shingobee River, MN: Advances in Water Resources, v. 26, no. 9, p. 977-987, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00088-5.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"977","endPage":"987","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209439,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00088-5"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Shingobee River","volume":"26","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a68f7e4b0c8380cd73ab7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheibley, R.W. 0000-0003-1627-8536 sheibley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-8536","contributorId":43066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheibley","given":"R.W.","email":"sheibley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackman, A. P.","contributorId":46957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duff, J.H.","contributorId":60377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duff","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Triska, F.J.","contributorId":69560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triska","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025258,"text":"70025258 - 2003 - Searching for a life history approach to salmon escapement management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70025258","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Searching for a life history approach to salmon escapement management","docAbstract":"A number of Pacific salmon populations have already been lost and many others throughout the range are in various states of decline. Recent research has documented that Pacific salmon carcasses serve as a key delivery vector of marine-derived nutrients into the freshwater portions of their ecosystems. This nutrient supply plays a critical biological feedback role in salmon sustainability by supporting juvenile salmon production. We first demonstrate how nutrient feedback potential to juvenile production may be unaccounted for in spawner-recruit models of populations under long-term exploitation. We then present a heuristic, life history-based, spreadsheet survival model that incorporates salmon carcass-driven nutrient feedback to the freshwater components of the salmon ecosystem. The productivity of a hypothetical coho salmon population was simulated using rates from the literature for survival from spawner to egg, egg to fry, fry to smolt, and smolt to adult. The effects of climate variation and nutrient feedback on survival were incorporated, as were density-dependent effects of the numbers of spawners and fry on freshwater survival of eggs and juveniles. The unexploited equilibrium population was subjected to 100 years of 20, 40, 60, and 80% harvest. Each harvest scenario greater than 20% brought the population to a reduced steady state, regardless of generous compensatory survival at low population sizes. Increasing harvest reduced the positive effects of nutrient contributions to population growth. Salmon researchers should further explore this modeling approach for establishing escapement goals. Given the importance of nutrient feedback, managers should strive for generous escapements that support nutrient rebuilding, as well as egg deposition, to ensure strong future salmon production.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08922284","usgsCitation":"Knudsen, E., Symmes, E., and Margraf, F., 2003, Searching for a life history approach to salmon escapement management: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 2003, no. 34, p. 261-276.","startPage":"261","endPage":"276","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2003","issue":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8853e4b08c986b3168f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knudsen, E.E.","contributorId":26116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knudsen","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Symmes, E.W.","contributorId":45095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symmes","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Margraf, F.J.","contributorId":47738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margraf","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025234,"text":"70025234 - 2003 - Importance of Sediment-Water Interactions in Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA: Management Implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T09:46:24","indexId":"70025234","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of Sediment-Water Interactions in Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA: Management Implications","docAbstract":"A field study at Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA, was conducted between October 1998 and August 2001 to examine the potential importance of sediment-water interactions on contaminant transport and to provide the first direct measurements of the benthic flux of dissolved solutes of environmental concern in this lake. Because of potential ecological effects, dissolved zinc and orthophosphate were the solutes of primary interest. Results from deployments of an in situ flux chamber indicated that benthic fluxes of dissolved Zn and orthophosphate were comparable in magnitude to riverine inputs. Tracer analyses and benthic-community metrics provided evidence that solute benthic flux were diffusion-controlled at the flux-chamber deployment sites. That is, effects of biomixing (or bioturbation) and ground-water interactions did not strongly influence benthic flux. Remediation efforts in the river might not produce desired water-quality effects in the lake because imposed shifts in concentration gradients near the sediment-water interface would generate a benthic feedback response. Therefore, development of water-quality models to justify remediation strategies requires consideration of contaminant flux between the water column and underlying sediment in basins that have been affected by long-term (decadal) anthropogenic activities.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-003-0020-7","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J., Carter, J., Topping, B., Fend, S., Woods, P.F., Berelson, W., and Balistrieri, L.S., 2003, Importance of Sediment-Water Interactions in Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA: Management Implications: Environmental Management, v. 32, no. 3, p. 348-359, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0020-7.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"348","endPage":"359","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209440,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0020-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Coeur d’Alene Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117,\n              47.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.5,\n              47.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.5,\n              47.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              47.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              47.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3932e4b0c8380cd6183c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, J.S.","contributorId":57905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, J.L.","contributorId":26030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Topping, B.R.","contributorId":97541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fend, S.V. 0000-0002-4638-6602","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-6602","contributorId":99702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fend","given":"S.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woods, P. F.","contributorId":97509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berelson, W.M.","contributorId":44337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berelson","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Balistrieri, Laurie S. 0000-0002-6359-3849 balistri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6359-3849","contributorId":1406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balistrieri","given":"Laurie","email":"balistri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70025289,"text":"70025289 - 2003 - Modeling the Radiance of the Moon for On-orbit Calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70025289","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Modeling the Radiance of the Moon for On-orbit Calibration","docAbstract":"The RObotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) project has developed radiometric models of the Moon for disk-integrated irradiance and spatially resolved radiance. Although the brightness of the Moon varies spatially and with complex dependencies upon illumination and viewing geometry, the surface photometric properties are extremely stable, and therefore potentially knowable to high accuracy. The ROLO project has acquired 5+ years of spatially resolved lunar images in 23 VNIR and 9 SWIR filter bands at phase angles up to 90??. These images are calibrated to exoatmospheric radiance using nightly stellar observations in a band-coupled extinction algorithm and a radiometric scale based upon observations of the star Vega. An effort is currently underway to establish an absolute scale with direct traceability to NIST radiometric standards. The ROLO radiance model performs linear fitting of the spatially resolved lunar image data on an individual pixel basis. The results are radiance images directly comparable to spacecraft observations of the Moon. Model-generated radiance images have been produced for the ASTER lunar view conducted on 14 April 2003. The radiance model is still experimental - simplified photometric functions have been used, and initial results show evidence of computational instabilities, particularly at the lunar poles. The ROLO lunar image dataset is unique and extensive and presents opportunities for development of novel approaches to lunar photometric modeling.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Earth Observing Systems VIII","conferenceDate":"3 August 2003 through 6 August 2003","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.506117","issn":"0277786X","usgsCitation":"Stone, T., Kieffer, H.H., and Becker, K., 2003, Modeling the Radiance of the Moon for On-orbit Calibration, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 5151, San Diego, CA, 3 August 2003 through 6 August 2003, p. 463-470, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.506117.","startPage":"463","endPage":"470","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209587,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.506117"},{"id":236219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5151","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c39e4b0c8380cd6fb01","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barnes W.L.","contributorId":128354,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Barnes W.L.","id":536552,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Stone, T.C.","contributorId":74874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kieffer, H. H.","contributorId":40725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieffer","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becker, K.J.","contributorId":88111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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