Understanding and predicting recruitment, longstanding goals in fisheries science and ecology, are complicated by variation in the importance of environmental drivers coupled with the dynamic nature of individual ecosystems. Developing an understanding of recruitment from well-monitored stocks offers an opportunity to overcome these complexities. We used a systematic literature review, a survey, and a workshop attended by professionals with expertise in recruitment of Walleye Sander vitreus to identify common environmental drivers of Walleye recruitment and additional sources of variation (i.e., context dependencies) among populations. The importance of individual environmental drivers, as well as the direction of their influence, differed as a function of geographic region, lake surface area, and Walleye life stage. The literature suggested abiotic conditions (e.g., temperature) during the first year of life were influential in determining recruitment. Professional opinion noted the importance of biotic factors, with prey availability and predation risk having the most consistent relationships with recruitment. We synthesized this information to propose a conceptual model that illustrates the suite of characteristics that shape Walleye recruitment over large spatial and temporal scales. Our findings emphasize the importance of first-year growth and system-specific contextual factors, which can alter the relative importance of the environmental drivers of recruitment.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10884","usgsCitation":"Krabbenhoft, C., Ludsin, S.A., Marschall, E., Budnik, R., Almeida, Z., Cahill, C., Embke, H.S., Feiner, Z.S., Schmalz, P.J., Thorstensen, M., Weber, M., Wuellner, M.R., and Hansen, G., 2023, Synthesizing professional opinion and published science to build a conceptual model of Walleye recruitment: Fisheries Magazine, v. 48, no. 4, p. 141-156, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10884.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"156","ipdsId":"IP-143215","costCenters":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":444028,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10884","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":414891,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krabbenhoft, Corey 0000-0002-2630-8287","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2630-8287","contributorId":225163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"Corey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41059,"text":"College of Arts and Sciences and Research and Education in Energy, Environment and Water (RENEW) Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14228","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ludsin, Stuart A. 0000-0002-3866-2216","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3866-2216","contributorId":175425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ludsin","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marschall, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":270538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marschall","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[{"id":36630,"text":"Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Budnik, Richard","contributorId":303727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Budnik","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36630,"text":"Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Almeida, Zoe","contributorId":303728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Almeida","given":"Zoe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cahill, Chris","contributorId":303730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36678,"text":"Simon Fraser University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Embke, Holly Susan 0000-0002-9897-7068","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-7068","contributorId":270754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embke","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"Susan","affiliations":[{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Feiner, Zachary S.","contributorId":150494,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feiner","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schmalz, Patrick J","contributorId":300821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmalz","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Thorstensen, Matt","contributorId":303736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorstensen","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16603,"text":"University of Manitoba","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Weber, Michael","contributorId":213318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wuellner, Melissa R.","contributorId":172322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wuellner","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hansen, Gretchen","contributorId":174810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Gretchen","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70243055,"text":"70243055 - 2023 - 60 years and beyond of Reviews of Geophysics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-27T11:38:08.786963","indexId":"70243055","displayToPublicDate":"2023-03-29T06:34:42","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"60 years and beyond of Reviews of Geophysics","docAbstract":"Reviews of Geophysics is an AGU journal, first established in February 1963. It is a hybrid open access invitation-only journal that publishes comprehensive review articles across various disciplines within the Earth and Space Sciences. The selection criteria are rigorous and many submissions are declined without review. The journal is the highest ranked in the fields of Geochemistry and Geophysics, with a high Journal Impact Factor (JIF2021 = 24.9), which is indicative of its high visibility and influence within the scientific community. The journal's published review papers, beyond a mere summary of literature, provide crucial context for current work, and establish the framework for comprehensive understanding of research progress, challenges, and interconnections between different communities, so that research may be appreciated by a broad audience. We emphasize the importance of publishing studies that provide a comprehensive overview and synthesis of the current state of knowledge in a field, especially in the case of geophysics, where knowledge is rapidly developing, increasing and becoming more specialized.
Phytoplankton are an important and limiting food source in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San Francisco Bay. The decline of phytoplankton biomass is one potential factor in the decline of the protected Hypomesus transpacificus (delta smelt) and other pelagic organisms. The bivalves Corbicula fluminea and Potamocorbula amurensis (hereafter C. fluminea and P. amurensis, respectively) have been shown to control phytoplankton biomass in several locations throughout the San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta; therefore, knowledge of their distribution and population dynamics are of great interest.
Here, we describe the distribution and dynamics of bivalve biomass using samples collected by the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) as part of the benthic monitoring program in 2019. One element of DWR’s and the Bureau of Reclamation’s Environmental Monitoring Program—the Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified (GRTS) program—examines the spatial and temporal extent of C. fluminea and P. amurensis control on phytoplankton. Historically, the GRTS program sampled 175 benthic stations (50 stations that are monitored every year and 125 randomly selected new stations that are changed yearly) throughout the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and northern San Francisco Bay (San Pablo and Suisun Bays) during one week in May and October. In 2019, only the 50 annually replicated stations were sampled.
Corbicula fluminea and P. amurensis biomass and grazing rates had similar trends; therefore, the conclusions regarding biomass are applied to grazing rate data as well. Corbicula fluminea biomass decreased from May to October, whereas P. amurensis average biomass (reported increased from May (1 g ash-free-dry-tissue mass/square meter (g AFDM/m2) to October (2 g AFDM/m2). Although C. fluminea’s average biomass was lower in October (10 gAFDM/m2) than in May (20 gAFDM/m2), the highest single biomass value was also observed in October (300 gAFDM/m2). In both May and October, most stations that recorded high C. fluminea biomass values were located in the deep water (≥3 m of depth between the surface of the water and the surface of the substrate on the bottom) and were sampled in either rivers or sloughs. A relation between depth and biomass was not observed for P. amurensis.
Both C. fluminea and P. amurensis recruitment (recruits are considered animals ≤2.5mm in length in this study and recruitment is the process of recruits successfully settled to the bottom) increased from May to October. The total number of C. fluminea recruits more than doubled from May to October, whereas P. amurensis total recruitment increased by 8-fold during the same period. Most P. amurensis recruits in May can be attributed to one station, whereas the recruits in October were found at 14 stations. A relation between number of recruits and station depth was not evident for either C. fluminea or P. amurensis.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20221102","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Zierdt Smith, E.L., Shrader, K.H., Thompson, J.K., Parchaso, F., Gehrts, K., and Wells, E., 2023, Bivalve effects on the food web supporting delta smelt—A spatially intensive study of bivalve recruitment, biomass, and grazing rate patterns with varying freshwater outflow in 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2022–1102, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221102.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 15 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-120563","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414835,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93BAY64","description":"Zierdt Smith, E.L., Shrader, K.H., Parchaso, F., and Thompson, J.K., 2021, A spatially and temporally intensive sampling study of benthic community and bivalve metrics in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (ver. 2.0, May 2021): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P93BAY64.","linkHelpText":"A spatially and temporally intensive sampling study of benthic community and bivalve metrics in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (ver. 2.0, May 2021)"},{"id":414837,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1102/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":414838,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1102/ofr20221102.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Open-File Report 2022–1102"},{"id":415721,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221101","text":"Open-File Report 2022-1101","linkHelpText":"- Bivalve Effects on the Food Web Supporting Delta Smelt—A One-Year Study of Bivalve Recruitment, Biomass, and Grazing Rate Patterns with Varying Freshwater Outflow"},{"id":499721,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114617.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.32432978338892,\n 37.803391256717845\n ],\n [\n -121.87545670853471,\n 37.791400721304846\n ],\n [\n -121.29205898127825,\n 37.80121221377027\n ],\n [\n -121.31951299197254,\n 38.399657702215876\n ],\n [\n -122.30511197590273,\n 38.40180916920502\n ],\n [\n -122.32432978338892,\n 37.803391256717845\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Water Resources, Earth System Processes Division
U.S. Geological Survey
411 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
In 2021, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, drilled and constructed borehole TAN-2336 for stratigraphic framework analyses and long-term groundwater monitoring of the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory in southeastern Idaho. Borehole TAN-2336 initially was cored from the depths of 34.0–255.8 ft below land surface (BLS) to collect continuous geologic data and then redrilled to complete construction as a monitoring well completed to about 255 ft BLS. Three sediment layers are described in geophysical data, but only one was recovered in core and described as fine sand with evidence of ash (pumice) near 203 ft BLS. Basalt texture for borehole TAN-2336 generally was described as aphanitic, phaneritic, diktytaxitic, and porphyritic. Basalt flows varied from highly fractured to dense with high to low vesiculation.
Geophysical data were examined with photographed core material to make lithologic descriptions as well as suggest zones where groundwater flow was anticipated. Primary pathways for groundwater, fractured basalt, occur in two areas with the first occurrence near 232.0 ft BLS and the second occurrence near 248.6 ft BLS in borehole TAN-2336. The first occurrence was identified near the top of the water column (232.0 ft BLS) and is more pronounced than the bottom interval (248.6 ft BLS). The location of these fractures in borehole TAN-2336 appear to impact the aquifer tests that were conducted following final well construction. Single-well aquifer tests were completed July 14, 2021, to provide estimates of transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity. Estimates for transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity during aquifer test 1 were 1.24×103 feet squared per day (ft2/d) and 1.76 feet per day (ft/d), respectively. Estimates for transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity during aquifer test 2 were 1.22×103 ft2/d and 1.75 ft/d, respectively. The transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity estimates for well TAN-2336 were within range of those considered from previous aquifer tests in other wells near Test Area North.
Water-quality samples were analyzed for cations, anions, metals, nutrients, volatile organic compounds, stable isotopes, and radionuclides. Water samples for select inorganic constituents showed concentrations consistent with signatures from regional groundwater. Water-quality samples analyzed for stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen are consistent with signatures from irrigation and agricultural recharge inputs to the aquifer. Results for trichloroethene, vinyl chloride, and strontium-90 were all measured above their respective maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for public drinking water supplies. The nutrient concentration results are likely being impacted by the remediation amendment introduced to the aquifer to address trichloroethylene concentrations from past waste-disposal activities. These waste-disposal activities have resulted in volatile organic compound and radiochemical detections in groundwater samples collected at well TAN-2336.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235020","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","programNote":"DOE/ID-22260","usgsCitation":"Twining, B.V., Treinen, K.C., and Trcka, A.R., 2023, Completion summary for Borehole TAN-2336 at Test Area North, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5020, 33 p. plus appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235020.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 33 p.; Appendix: 2","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-137450","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414342,"rank":7,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5020/sir20235020.XML"},{"id":414336,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5020/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":414337,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5020/sir20235020.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5020"},{"id":414340,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235020/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2023-5020"},{"id":500714,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114615.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":414341,"rank":6,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5020/images"},{"id":414339,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5020/sir20235020_appendix2.pdf","text":"Appendix 2","size":"43.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5020 Appendix 2"},{"id":414338,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5020/sir20235020_appendix1.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"218 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5020 Appendix 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.07738340728746,\n 43.34536223650912\n ],\n [\n -112.07738340728746,\n 44.091416267461994\n ],\n [\n -113.46655634842513,\n 44.091416267461994\n ],\n [\n -113.46655634842513,\n 43.34536223650912\n ],\n [\n -112.07738340728746,\n 43.34536223650912\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Rd
Boise, Idaho 83702-4520
Using social media, we collect evidence for how nearshore fisheries are impacted by the global COVID-19 pandemic in Hawai’i. We later confirm our social media findings and obtain a more complete understanding of the changes in nearshore non-commercial fisheries in Hawai’i through a more conventional approach—speaking directly with fishers. Resource users posted photographs to social media nearly three times as often during the pandemic with nearly double the number of fishes pictured per post. Individuals who fished for subsistence were more likely to increase the amount of time spent fishing and relied more on their catch for food security. Furthermore, individuals fishing exclusively for subsistence were more likely to fish for different species during the pandemic than individuals fishing recreationally. Traditional data collection methods are resource-intensive and this study shows that during times of rapid changes, be it ecological or societal, social media can more quickly identify how near shore marine resource use adapts. As climate change threatens additional economic and societal disturbances, it will be necessary for resource managers to collect reliable data efficiently to better target monitoring and management efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ Inc","doi":"10.7717/peerj.14994","usgsCitation":"Grabowski, T.B., Benedum, M.E., Curley, A., Dill-De, C., and Shuey, M.L., 2023, Pandemic-driven changes in the nearshore non-commercial fishery in Hawai'i: Catch photos posted to social media capture changes in fisher behavior: PeerJ, v. 11, e14994, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14994.","productDescription":"e14994, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-140778","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":444034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14994","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430275,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hilo Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.113909840586,\n 19.85004375716514\n ],\n [\n -155.113909840586,\n 19.718858550527997\n ],\n [\n -154.9953832185561,\n 19.718858550527997\n ],\n [\n -154.9953832185561,\n 19.85004375716514\n ],\n [\n -155.113909840586,\n 19.85004375716514\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grabowski, Timothy B. 0000-0001-9763-8948 tgrabowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9763-8948","contributorId":4178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grabowski","given":"Timothy","email":"tgrabowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benedum, Michelle E.","contributorId":339351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benedum","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13693,"text":"University of Colorado Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Curley, Andrew","contributorId":339352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curley","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81292,"text":"University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dill-De, Cole","contributorId":339353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dill-De","given":"Cole","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shuey, Michelle L.","contributorId":339354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shuey","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":81292,"text":"University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70249688,"text":"70249688 - 2023 - Satellite remote sensing of river discharge: A framework for assessing the accuracy of discharge estimates made from satellite remote sensing observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-25T13:30:03.270824","indexId":"70249688","displayToPublicDate":"2023-03-28T08:24:03","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2172,"text":"Journal of Applied Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite remote sensing of river discharge: A framework for assessing the accuracy of discharge estimates made from satellite remote sensing observations","docAbstract":"This research presents an evaluation of the accuracy and uncertainty of estimates of river discharge made using satellite observed data sources as input to a modified form of Manning’s equation. Conventional U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow gaging station data and in-situ measurements of width, depth, height, slope, discharge, and velocity from 30 USGS gage sites were used as ground-truth to assess accuracy. This study explores accuracy in relation to the amount of ground truth information available, the number of calibration points available, and the accuracy of the input data. This research indicates that remotely sensed discharge estimates associated with the modified Manning equation may be expected to have an uncertainty in range of 10% overall given a sufficient number of calibration points. The uncertainty associated with the modified Manning algorithm increased markedly for depths <3 meters (m) and for discharges <1000 cubic meters per second (m3 / s) for many rivers after calibration. Rivers that exhibit (1) a wide range of flow conditions, (2) a significant number of dams in the watershed and along the channel, and (3) a high baseflow index are more likely to have relatively large errors overall and particularly at the low end of the streamflow range. Uncertainty in remotely sensed measurements of water-surface elevation (WSE) and width in the expected range (WSE, + / − 10 cm; Width, + / − 15 m) introduces uncertainty in the discharge estimates on the order of 10% and is greatest at the low end of discharge as rivers get shallower and narrower. As WSE and width measurement uncertainty increases, discharge uncertainty increases accordingly. In general, the observation errors are greater than the errors associated with the algorithm for a well-calibrated model (e.g., 20 calibration points). |
While rare species are vulnerable to global change, large declines in common species (i.e., those with large population sizes, large geographic distributions, and/or that are habitat generalists) also are of conservation concern. Understanding if and how commonness mediates species' responses to global change, including land cover change, can help guide conservation strategies. We explored avian population responses to land cover change along a gradient from common to rare species using avian data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and land cover data from the National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States. Specifically, we used generalized linear mixed effects models to ask if species' commonness affected the relationship between land cover and counts, using the initial amount of and change in land cover surrounding each North American BBS route from 2001 to 2016. We quantified species' commonness as a continuous metric at the national scale using the logarithm (base 10) of each species' total count across all routes in the conterminous United States in 2001. For our focal 15-year period, we found that higher proportions of initial natural land cover favored (i.e., were correlated with higher) counts of rare but not common species. We also found that commonness mediated how change in human land cover, but not natural land cover, was associated with species' counts at the end of the study period. Increases in developed lands did not favor counts of any species. Increases in agriculture and declines in pasture favored counts of common but not rare species. Our findings show a signal of commonness in how species respond to a major dimension of global change. Evaluating how and why commonness mediates species' responses to land cover change can help managers design conservation portfolios that sustain the spectrum of common to rare species.
Rehabilitation of large Anthropocene rivers requires engagement of diverse stakeholders across a broad range of sociopolitical boundaries. Competing objectives often constrain options for ecological restoration of large rivers whereas fewer competing objectives may exist in a subset of tributaries. Further, tributaries contribute toward building a “portfolio” of river ecosystem assets through physical and biological processes that may present opportunities to enhance the resilience of large river fishes. Our goal is to review roles of tributaries in enhancing mainstem large river fish populations. We present case histories from two greatly altered and distinct large-river tributary systems that highlight how tributaries contribute four portfolio assets to support large-river fish populations: 1) habitat diversity, 2) connectivity, 3) ecological asynchrony, and 4) density-dependent processes. Finally, we identify future research directions to advance our understanding of tributary roles and inform conservation actions. In the Missouri River United States, we focus on conservation efforts for the state endangered lake sturgeon, which inhabits large rivers and tributaries in the Midwest and Eastern United States. In the Colorado River, Grand Canyon United States, we focus on conservation efforts for recovery of the federally threatened humpback chub. In the Missouri River, habitat diversity focused on physical habitats such as substrate for reproduction, and deep-water habitats for refuge, whereas augmenting habitat diversity for Colorado River fishes focused on managing populations in tributaries with minimally impaired thermal and flow regimes. Connectivity enhancements in the Missouri River focused on increasing habitat accessibility that may require removal of physical structures like low-head dams; whereas in the Colorado River, the lack of connectivity may benefit native fishes as the disconnection provides refuge from non-native fish predation. Hydrologic variability among tributaries was present in both systems, likely underscoring ecological asynchrony. These case studies also described density dependent processes that could influence success of restoration actions. Although actions to restore populations varied by river system, these examples show that these four portfolio assets can help guide restoration activities across a diverse range of mainstem rivers and their tributaries. Using these assets as a guide, we suggest these can be transferable to other large river-tributary systems.
The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will vastly expand measurements of global rivers, providing critical new data sets for both gaged and ungaged basins. SWOT discharge products (available approximately 1 year after launch) will provide discharge for all river that reaches wider than 100 m. In this paper, we describe how SWOT discharge produced and archived by the US and French space agencies will be computed from measurements of river water surface elevation, width, and slope and ancillary data, along with expected discharge accuracy. We present for the first time a complete estimate of the SWOT discharge uncertainty budget, with separate terms for random (standard error) and systematic (bias) uncertainty components in river discharge time series. We expect that discharge uncertainty will be less than 30% for two-thirds of global reaches and will be dominated by bias. Separate river discharge estimates will combine both SWOT and in situ data; these “gage-constrained” discharge estimates can be expected to have lower systematic uncertainty. Temporal variations in river discharge time series will be dominated by random error and are expected to be estimated within 15% for nearly all reaches, allowing accurate inference of event flow dynamics globally, including in ungaged basins. We believe this level of accuracy lays the groundwork for SWOT to enable breakthroughs in global hydrologic science.
As the world develops sources of renewable energy, there is an intensifying interest in offshore wind energy production. The Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf (NES) ecosystem has favorable wind dynamics, with active development of wind energy. In this study, we present species distribution models that consider both occupancy and biomass responses for a broad spectrum of fish and macroinvertebrate taxa (n = 177). Building upon prior analyses, habitat was differentiated into overall and core habitats based on statistical distributions of habitat scores. Overall habitat was used to show each species' regional distribution based on fishery-independent survey captures between 1976 and 2019, whereas core habitat represented where the focus of the species' abundance was located as a subset of overall habitat. Wind energy developments may modify the water column in ways that impact lower-trophic-level productivity; therefore, added attention was given to the response of forage species. Over 20% of species showed preferential use of putative and potential wind development areas, including a disproportionate number of forage taxa. Principal usage varied by season, with forage species like Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus and Atlantic Mackerel Scomber scombrus preferentially using the lease areas in spring and Round Herring Etrumeus teres and longfin inshore squid Doryteuthis pealeii using lease areas in autumn. For species with relatively low usage of the lease areas, there was a tendency for the usage related to overall habitat to be lower than usage for core habitat; in contrast, for species with high usage of the lease areas, that usage was higher for overall habitat than for core habitat. The area of habitat tended to have positive trends across species, with these positive trends being disproportionately higher among forage taxa. These results frame the importance of wind lease areas for species in the NES, particularly forage taxa that fulfill many important ecological functions.
Rising coastal flood risk and recent disasters are driving interest in the construction of gated storm surge barriers worldwide, with current studies recommending barriers for at least 11 estuaries in the United States alone. Surge barriers partially block estuary-ocean exchange with infrastructure across an estuary or its inlet and include gated areas that are closed only during flood events. They can alter the stratification and salt intrusion, change sedimentary systems, and curtail animal migration and ecosystem connectivity, with impacts growing larger with increasing gate closures. Existing barriers are being used with increasing frequency due to sea level rise. New barrier proposals typically come with maximum closure frequency recommendations, yet the future adherence to them is uncertain. Given that the broader environmental effects and coupled-human dynamics of surge barriers are not well-understood, we present an interdisciplinary research agenda for this increasingly prevalent modification to our coastal zone.
Drinking water supplies across the United States have been contaminated by firefighting and fire-training activities that use aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Much of the AFFF is manufactured using electrochemical fluorination by 3M. Precursors with six perfluorinated carbons (C6) and non-fluorinated amine substituents make up approximately one-third of the PFAS in 3M AFFF. C6 precursors can be transformed through nitrification (microbial oxidation) of amine moieties into perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), a compound of regulatory concern. Here, we report biotransformation of the most abundant C6 sulfonamido precursors in 3M AFFF with available commercial standards (FHxSA, PFHxSAm, and PFHxSAmS) in microcosms representative of the groundwater/surface water boundary. Results show rapid (<1 day) biosorption to living cells by precursors but slow biotransformation into PFHxS (1–100 pM day–1). The transformation pathway includes one or two nitrification steps and is supported by the detection of key intermediates using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Increasing nitrate concentrations and total abundance of nitrifying taxa occur in parallel with precursor biotransformation. Together, these data provide multiple lines of evidence supporting microbially limited biotransformation of C6 sulfonamido precursors involving ammonia-oxidizing archaea (Nitrososphaeria) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrospina). Further elucidation of interrelationships between precursor biotransformation and nitrogen cycling in ecosystems would help inform site remediation efforts.
Aqueous film-forming foams historically were used during fire training activities on Joint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and created an extensive per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) groundwater contamination plume. The potential for PFAS bioconcentration from exposure to the contaminated groundwater, which discharges to surface water bodies, was assessed with mobile-laboratory experiments using groundwater from the contamination plume and a nearby reference location. The on-site continuous-flow 21-day exposures used male and female fathead minnows, freshwater mussels, polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), and polyethylene tube samplers (PETS) to evaluate biotic and abiotic uptake. The composition of the PFAS-contaminated groundwater was complex and 9 PFAS were detected in the reference groundwater and 17 PFAS were detected in the contaminated groundwater. The summed PFAS concentrations ranged from 120 to 140 ng L–1 in reference groundwater and 6100 to 15,000 ng L–1 in contaminated groundwater. Biotic concentration factors (CFb) for individual PFAS were species, sex, source, and compound-specific and ranged from 2.9 to 1000 L kg–1 in whole-body male fish exposed to contaminated groundwater for 21 days. The fish and mussel CFb generally increased with increasing fluorocarbon chain length and were greater for sulfonates than for carboxylates. The exception was perfluorohexane sulfonate, which deviated from the linear trend and had a 10-fold difference in CFb between sites, possibly because of biotransformation of precursors such as perfluorohexane sulfonamide. Uptake for most PFAS in male fish was linear over time, whereas female fish had bilinear uptake indicated by an initial increase in tissue concentrations followed by a decrease. Uptake of PFAS was less for mussels (maximum CFb = 200) than for fish, and mussel uptake of most PFAS also was bilinear. Although abiotic concentration factors were greater than CFb, and values for POCIS were greater than for PETS, passive samplers were useful for assessing PFAS that potentially bioconcentrate in fish but are present at concentrations below method quantitation limits in water. Passive samplers also accumulate short-chain PFAS that are not bioconcentrated.
The relative quantities of ore mined and waste rock (i.e., overburden) removed to produce the rare earth elements—their rock-to-metal ratios—were calculated for 21 individual operations or regions covering nearly all mine production in 2018. The results indicate that the rock-to-metal ratios for the total rare earth elements ranged from a low of 1.6 × 101 to a high of 3.6 × 103, with operations in Brazil and Russia having the lowest ratios and ion-adsorption clays operations in China and Myanmar having the highest. For comparison, the global average rock-to-metal ratio for the total rare earth elements (9.8 × 102) fell between that of cobalt (8.6 × 102) and tungsten (1.1 × 103). Driven by their relative abundance in the ore and unit prices that were used in the economic allocation of the environmental burdens, the global rock-to-metal ratio for individual rare earth elements was lowest for cerium (2.3 × 101) and lanthanum (7.7 × 101) and highest for dysprosium (1.7 × 104), terbium (3.7 × 104), and lutetium (6.4 × 104). Like the rock-to-metal ratios for the total rare earth elements, rock-to-metal ratios for individual rare earth elements varied by roughly two orders of magnitude among the various operations examined. An alternative perspective of only accounting for the overburden that is physically removed in ion-adsorption clays in-situ operations yielded global rock-to-metal ratios that were an order of magnitude lower or less for many of the rare earth elements.
The Allatoona thrust fault in the southernmost hinterland of the Appalachian Blue Ridge-Piedmont megathrust sheet is among the latest structures in the kinematic sequence of events along the west flank of the orogen. It is an out-of-sequence, craton-directed thrust fault that cuts metamorphic isograds and earlier thrusts, and it has a nearly linear trace of ≥280 km, making it one of the major thrust faults in the orogen. On the northwest, the fault cuts Pennsylvanian or younger(?) regional cross antiforms that cause significant orogenic curvature of older underlying thrust sheets and is likely Permian in age. To the southeast, however, units within the fault hanging wall maintain a nearly constant width resulting in a significant change in the regional structural architecture of the orogen. In the central segment of the fault, where it marks the western/eastern Blue Ridge domain boundary, a ~20 km-long eyelid window (Mulberry Rock window) framed by three amphibolite facies thrust sheets overlying the greenschist facies Talladega belt allochthon, allows a 3-D view into the structural architecture, kinematics, and trajectories of the regional thrusts. Two earlier thrusts within the window (Mulberry Rock and Burnt Hickory Ridge thrusts, with a combined minimum horizontal net slip component of 27 km) are cut by the Allatoona fault, which is a ~15 m-wide high strain zone with top-to-the-northwest displacement, and a >17.2 km horizontal net slip vector. Structural branch points between the Allatoona and Mulberry Rock thrusts indicate that the Mulberry Rock allochthon is a large north-trending horse beneath the Allatoona fault, centered on the Mulberry Rock window, which is likely the result of oblique ramp thrusting over the massive Mulberry Rock Gneiss. The Allatoona fault cuts down obliquely into the tectonostratigraphy progressively deeper both to the northeast and northwest, locally approaching underlying foreland thrust sheets, and cutting older regional structures. To the northeast, the Allatoona fault lies at the base of the Dahlonega gold belt, becoming an internal eastern Blue Ridge thrust at Dawsonville, Georgia. Although that sequence extends another 120 km into North Carolina, continuation of the Allatoona fault that additional distance is in debate. Regardless, the Allatoona is one of the kinematically latest and longest faults in the southern Appalachian orogen.
The supply of aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) to the Gulf of Alaska from coastal sources is poorly constrained. Here, we investigate the seasonality of sources to better constrain Al and Mn cycling in the coastal Gulf of Alaska region and add to our understanding of seasonal and interannual inputs. We examine Mn and Al behavior over the shelf to distinguish between redox-induced release of dissolved trace metals (i.e., diffusion from sediments), sediment resuspension, and meltwater release. Data suggest that, prior to the onset of stratification in the spring, shelf sediment resuspension from deep mixing is an important mechanism for trace metal delivery to surface waters. As spring and summer ensue, increased meltwater discharge coupled with increased surface water temperatures result in stratification of the water column within the coastal Gulf of Alaska, and meltwater becomes a more important source of Al and Mn to the surface waters. The limited data available suggest that a redox-driven flux of Mn from shelf sediments is not as important as the meltwater flux during the summer. In addition, dissolved trace metal concentrations in meltwater-influenced plumes over the shelf exhibit conservative mixing, while particulate trace metal concentrations do not behave conservatively. This indicates that there are different physical controls (particle settling vs. mixing) on the spatial distributions of dissolved and particulate Al and Mn in coastal waters, the manifestation of which are likely highly variable and dependent on the trace metal composition of the river and the hydrodynamics governing this interaction at any given time.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASLO","doi":"10.1002/lno.12339","usgsCitation":"Michael, S.M., Crusius, J., Schroth, A.W., Campbell, R., and Resing, J., 2023, Glacial meltwater and sediment resuspension can be important sources of dissolved and total dissolvable aluminum and manganese to coastal ocean surface waters: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 68, no. 6, p. 1201-1215, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12339.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1201","endPage":"1215","ipdsId":"IP-139962","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12339","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.03959961442,\n 60.001866325768816\n ],\n [\n -152.03959961442,\n 56.73316460909248\n ],\n [\n -136.75282137237863,\n 56.73316460909248\n ],\n [\n -136.75282137237863,\n 60.001866325768816\n ],\n [\n -152.03959961442,\n 60.001866325768816\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michael, Susanna M. 0000-0002-0675-7587","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0675-7587","contributorId":369835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michael","given":"Susanna","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87873,"text":"UW School of Oceanography (PhD student)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schroth, Andrew W. 0000-0001-5553-3208","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5553-3208","contributorId":369836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schroth","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":87874,"text":"U. Vermont Dept. of Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, Robert 0000-0002-7112-4292","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7112-4292","contributorId":369837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":13600,"text":"Prince William Sound Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Resing, Joseph A. 0000-0002-7334-4176","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-4176","contributorId":206625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Resing","given":"Joseph A.","affiliations":[{"id":37355,"text":"University of Washington; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and the 20 Ocean; Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70241815,"text":"70241815 - 2023 - Drought survival strategies differ between coastal and montane conifers in northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T11:52:01.349304","indexId":"70241815","displayToPublicDate":"2023-03-26T06:49:57","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drought survival strategies differ between coastal and montane conifers in northern California","docAbstract":"Increasingly severe and prolonged droughts are contributing to tree stress and forest mortality across western North America. However, in many cases, we currently have poor information concerning how drought responses in forests vary in relation to competition, climate, and site and tree characteristics. We used annual tree ring evidence of 13C discrimination (Δ13C) and growth metrics to assess drought resistance and resilience for six conifer species at the intersection of several bioregions in northern California. Within each species' range in northern California, we collected competition and tree characteristics from 270 focal trees across sites that varied from wetter to drier habitat conditions (54 sites). Across sites, all six conifer species weathered the severe 2013–2015 drought with reasonably high resistance and post-drought resilience. However, we found important differences in drought responses between coastal and montane species based on annual growth and Δ13C metrics. Broadly, the two coastal species showed consistent declines in drought resistance across successive drought years, whereas the four montane species maintained high drought resistance across drought years. More specifically, we found lower Δ13C and growth during drought years in coastal species, suggesting stomatal closure during drought with the potential for vulnerability to carbon depletion during long-term drought. Conversely, Δ13C and growth were stable in montane species throughout the drought, which may contribute to hydraulic failure under increased drought frequency and/or severity. We also evaluated environmental factors that affect Δ13C using data from before and during the drought. These physiological models were consistent for the two coastal species, with a positive relationship between annual precipitation and Δ13C and a negative relationship between tree density and Δ13C. Conversely, the four montane models illustrated a greater importance of site conditions on drought responses for these species. Our findings show differential risk for drought stress across diverse conifers during severe drought. This work highlights the importance of site and tree characteristics in determining drought responses across cool, annually humid coastal habitats to seasonally dry montane habitats.
It is well documented that the recovery of dryland plant communities following wildfire can be variable, and that legacies of fire can have long-lasting effects on aboveground plant communities. However, our understanding of the degree to which dryland soil seed banks, or the viable seeds in situ, are impacted by fire and their subsequent postfire succession remains extremely poor. To address this important knowledge gap, we used a time-since-fire approach to investigate soil seed bank community changes approximately 15 and 30 years after wildfire and to determine the influence of microsites (e.g., shrub vs. interspace) on seed bank composition. We assessed soil seed bank metrics across four North American deserts, including two cold desert sites (Colorado Plateau and Great Basin) and two warm desert sites (Chihuahuan and Sonoran). In greenhouse emergence trials, we found that seed bank characteristics diverged between warm and cold desert sites, such that warm desert sites had seed banks dominated by annual plants while our cold desert sites had seed banks with greater proportions of perennial species, regardless of fire history. In cold desert sites, fire significantly altered seed bank species composition even 30 years after fire. Shrub versus interspace microsites had no observed influence on seed bank composition in any desert. However, seed bank species richness was greater under shrubs in both warm deserts. Non-native species were present in the seed banks of all deserts and some were particularly abundant in the burned sites. Despite the presence of native species in both burned and unburned seed banks, the presence of non-native species suggests some degree of vulnerability to future disturbances because fire can create amplifying feedback with many non-native plants. Our results highlight strong differences in fires' relationship with seed banks for warm and cold desert sites and lend insight into how fire relates to the composition and diversity of the seeds that play a fundamental role in future plant communities.
Greater drought frequency and severity due to climate change will result in greater drawdown of water storage reservoirs. However, changes to oxythermal regimes due to drawdown are reservoir specific and interface with fish species-specific habitat requirements, producing varying effects on coldwater fish populations. We examined the effect of drawdown on the oxythermal habitat and relative abundance of kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka, a coldwater salmonid, in Island Park Reservoir on the Henrys Fork of the Snake River, Idaho. A measure of relative kokanee abundance was negatively, exponentially related to drawdown. Oxythermal patterns measured in the reservoir during 2021, a severe drought year, revealed that drawdown reduced kokanee habitat by increasing water temperatures and decreasing dissolved oxygen concentrations. Oxythermal refugia for kokanee appeared to relate to inflow from the spring-fed Henrys Fork and other groundwater inflows. However, we did not quantify groundwater flow or connections, and we did not study kokanee population demographics or mortality. Reducing these sources of uncertainty is a priority for future study. Still, our study highlights a potential mechanism connecting reservoir drawdown to fish populations and the unique yet predictable mechanisms by which reservoir drawdown interacts with reservoir morphometry to affect fish habitat availability.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10879","usgsCitation":"McLaren, J.S., Van Kirk, R.W., Mabaka, A.J., Brothers, S., and Budy, P., 2023, Drawdown, habitat, and kokanee populations in a western U.S. reservoir: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 2, p. 339-351, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10879.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"351","ipdsId":"IP-136834","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10879","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Island Park Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.36271923298024,\n 44.45908039535735\n ],\n [\n -111.60966508255247,\n 44.45908039535735\n ],\n [\n -111.60966508255247,\n 44.35910672122833\n ],\n [\n -111.36271923298024,\n 44.35910672122833\n ],\n [\n -111.36271923298024,\n 44.45908039535735\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaren, John S.","contributorId":337322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaren","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Kirk, Robert W.","contributorId":337326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Kirk","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":81016,"text":"Henrys Fork Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mabaka, Arthur J.","contributorId":339021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mabaka","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16159,"text":"Washington and Lee University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brothers, Soren","contributorId":339019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brothers","given":"Soren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81013,"text":"Department of Natural History","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Budy, Phaedra E. 0000-0002-9918-1678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-1678","contributorId":228930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"Phaedra E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70241876,"text":"70241876 - 2023 - Biophysical drivers for predicting the distribution and abundance of invasive yellow sweetclover in the Northern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-25T15:54:56.920665","indexId":"70241876","displayToPublicDate":"2023-03-25T08:44:43","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biophysical drivers for predicting the distribution and abundance of invasive yellow sweetclover in the Northern Great Plains","docAbstract":"Yellow sweetclover (Melilotus officinalis; YSC) is an invasive biennial legume that bloomed across the Northern Great Plains in 2018–2019 in response to above-average precipitation. YSC can increase nitrogen (N) levels and potentially cause substantial changes in the composition of native plant species communities. There is little knowledge of the spatiotemporal variability and conditions causing substantial widespread blooms of YSC across western South Dakota (SD).
We aimed to develop a generalized prediction model to predict the relative abundance of YSC in suitable habitats across rangelands of western South Dakota for 2019. Our research questions are: (1) What is the spatial extent of YSC across western South Dakota? (2) Which model can accurately predict the habitat and percent cover of YSC? and (3) What significant biophysical drivers affect its presence across western South Dakota?
We trained machine learning models with in situ data (2016–2021), Sentinel 2A-derived surface reflectance and indices (10 m, 20 m) and site-specific variables of climate, topography, and edaphic factors to optimize model performance.
We identified moisture proxies (Shortwave Infrared reflectance and variability in Tasseled Cap Wetness) as the important predictors to explain the YSC presence. Land Surface Water Index and variability in summer temperature were the top predictors in explaining the YSC abundance. We demonstrated how machine learning algorithms could help generate valuable information on the spatial distribution of this invasive plant. We delineated major YSC hotspots in Butte, Pennington, and Corson Counties of South Dakota. The floodplains of major rivers, including White and Bad Rivers, and areas around Badlands National Park also showed a higher occurrence probability and cover percentage.
These prediction maps could aid land managers in devising management strategies for the regions that are prone to YSC outbreaks. The management workflow can also serve as a prototype for mapping other invasive plant species in similar regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-023-01613-1","usgsCitation":"Saraf, S., John, R., Amirkhiz, R.G., Kolluru, V., Jain, K., Rigge, M.B., Giannico, V., Boyte, S., Chen, J., Henebry, G.M., Jarchow, M., and Lafortezza, R., 2023, Biophysical drivers for predicting the distribution and abundance of invasive yellow sweetclover in the Northern Great Plains: Landscape Ecology, v. 38, p. 1463-1479, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-023-01613-1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1463","endPage":"1479","ipdsId":"IP-147289","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489774,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11586/429913","text":"External Repository"},{"id":414967,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-20T16:13:30.618656","indexId":"70241881","displayToPublicDate":"2023-03-25T08:17:50","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genesis of the Questa Mo porphyry deposit and nearby polymetallic mineralization, New Mexico, USA","docAbstract":"The Oligocene Latir magmatic center in northern New Mexico is an exceptionally well-exposed volcanoplutonic complex that hosts a variety of magmatic-hydrothermal deposits, ranging from relatively deep, F-rich porphyry Mo mineralization to shallower epithermal deposits. We present new whole-rock chemical and isotopic data for plutonic rocks from the Latir magmatic center, including extensive sampling of drill core samples of intrusive rocks from the Questa porphyry Mo deposit. These data document temporal chemical trends of porphyry-related mineralization that occurred after caldera-forming magmatism and during postcaldera batholith assembly. Silicic magmas were generated multiple times throughout the history of the Latir magmatic center, but few are associated with the formation of a mineral deposit. Whole-rock trace element ratios and Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope compositions vary throughout the protracted history of silicic magmatism. The caldera-forming ignimbrite and early phase of postcaldera intrusions are unmineralized, more enriched in high field strength elements, and generally contain less radiogenic Sr and Pb and more radiogenic Nd than later intrusions. The Questa porphyry Mo deposit formed immediately after the most isotopically primitive phase of the batholith was assembled, ruling out simple reworking of juvenile mantle-derived crust as the source for mineralizing magmas. Rhyolite dikes associated with polymetallic sulfide deposits intruded ~800 k.y. after Mo mineralization, and Nd isotope data indicate that these dikes are associated with different batches of magma and are unrelated to the Mo-mineralizing intrusions at the Questa mine. Together, these data indicate that the source of magmas changed significantly throughout the 10-m.y. history of the magmatic center. We assess multiple genetic models for porphyry-related magmatism against this data set, favoring models with discrete periods of magma genesis from a deep hybridized zone in the lower crust giving rise to the punctuated periods of mineralization. These observations suggest that the formation of mineral deposits within a central magmatic locus is likely the result of the piecemeal assembly of individual hydrothermal-magmatic systems, and that distal and younger polymetallic mineralization commonly observed near known porphyry deposits represents decoupled processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/econgeo.5011","usgsCitation":"Gaynor, S., Rosera, J.M., and Coleman, D.S., 2023, Genesis of the Questa Mo porphyry deposit and nearby polymetallic mineralization, New Mexico, USA: Economic Geology, v. 118, no. 6, p. 1319-1339, https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.5011.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1319","endPage":"1339","ipdsId":"IP-138609","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502418,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:167974","text":"External Repository"},{"id":414955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.625,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -105.625,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -105.375,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -105.375,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -105.625,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"118","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaynor, Sean P.","contributorId":297927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaynor","given":"Sean P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosera, Joshua Mark 0000-0003-3807-5000","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3807-5000","contributorId":270284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosera","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":868059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coleman, Drew S.","contributorId":303771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"Drew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70242148,"text":"70242148 - 2023 - Dense geophysical observations reveal a triggered, concurrent multi-fault rupture at the Mendocino Triple Junction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T12:01:29.54412","indexId":"70242148","displayToPublicDate":"2023-03-25T06:58:38","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":13795,"text":"Nature Communications Earth and Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dense geophysical observations reveal a triggered, concurrent multi-fault rupture at the Mendocino Triple Junction","docAbstract":"A central question of earthquake science is how far ruptures can jump from one fault to another, because cascading ruptures can increase the shaking of a seismic event. Earthquake science relies on earthquake catalogs and therefore how complex ruptures get documented and cataloged has important implications. Recent investments in geophysical instrumentation allow us to resolve increasingly complex, multi-fault ruptures for even moderate-sized earthquakes. We combine dense seismic and geodetic measurements to reveal an enigmatic rupture in late 2021 at the Mendocino Triple Junction in northern California. We show that rupture was dynamically triggered, yet concurrent, on two distinct faults roughly 30 km apart. Thus, this rupture combines features of complex ruptures usually considered to be single earthquakes, and triggered ruptures considered as multiple earthquakes. This event illustrates that moderate-sized earthquakes can exhibit similar complexity to that more commonly documented for large earthquakes.
Oaks (Quercus spp.) are masting species exhibiting highly variable and synchronized acorn production. We investigated the hypothesis that periodical cicadas (Magicada spp.), well known to have strong effects on the ecosystems in which they occur, affect acorn production of oaks through their xylem feeding habits as nymphs, the oviposition damage they inflict as adults during emergences, or the nutrient pulse resulting from the decomposition of their bodies following breeding. We found negative effects on acorn production during emergence years and the year following emergences and enhanced acorn production 2 years after emergence. We also found evidence indicating a significant effect of cicada emergences on spatial synchrony of acorn production by trees growing within the range of the same cicada brood compared with different broods. These results demonstrate that periodical cicadas act as a trophic environmental “veto” depressing acorn production during and immediately following emergences, after which the nutrient pulse associated with the cicada’s demise enhances oak reproduction.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Naturalists","doi":"10.1086/723735","usgsCitation":"Koenig, W.D., Leibhold, A., LaMontagne, J., and Pearse, I., 2023, Periodical cicada emergences affect masting behavior of oaks: The American Naturalist, v. 201, p. 755-762, https://doi.org/10.1086/723735.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"755","endPage":"762","ipdsId":"IP-144742","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":422003,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"201","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koenig, Walter D.","contributorId":46255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenig","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":886473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leibhold, Andrew","contributorId":331012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leibhold","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaMontagne, Jalene M.","contributorId":223096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaMontagne","given":"Jalene","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36623,"text":"DePaul University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}