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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86345","usgsCitation":"Mosier, E.L., and Lewis, J.S., 1986, Analytical results, geochemical signatures, and sample locality map of lode gold, placer gold, and heavy-mineral concentrates from the Koyukuk- Chandalar mining district, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-345, Report: 172 p.; 1 Plate: 45.43 × 27.76 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86345.","productDescription":"Report: 172 p.; 1 Plate: 45.43 × 27.76 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":44003,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0345/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44004,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0345/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":407083,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19011.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":148054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0345/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153,\n 66.636\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 66.636\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 66.636\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c4ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosier, E. 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Runoff to the lake, mainly runoff from melting snow and glacier ice, filled the lake to an elevation of 83 feet above sea level by October 8, when the ice dam failed. The lake level rose at an average rate of 0.6 ft/day, and average daily inflow to the lake was calculated to be 16,500 cu ft/sec. After failure of the ice dam, the water level fell to the former high tide level of Russell Fiord within 24 hours. Average discharge through the breach in the ice dam during a 4-hr period of maximum water level decline is estimated to have been 3.8 million cu ft/sec. The formation and breakout of the lake is expected to be repeated as the Hubbard Glacier continues to advance, though the timing of the phenomenon cannot be predicted with certainty. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86176","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., Gajewski, S., and Angeloni, L., 1986, Geological literature of the Alaska Peninsula to 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-176, 113 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86176.","productDescription":"113 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":45570,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0176/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148435,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0176/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db687536","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":173093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gajewski, S.Z.","contributorId":77545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gajewski","given":"S.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angeloni, L.A.","contributorId":61442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeloni","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":13742,"text":"ofr86275 - 1986 - Geologic map of southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13742,"text":"ofr86275 - 1986 - Geologic map of southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska","indexId":"ofr86275","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":65254,"text":"i2169 - 1992 - Geologic map of the southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska","indexId":"i2169","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":65254,"text":"i2169 - 1992 - Geologic map of the southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska","indexId":"i2169","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-15T22:11:48.874193","indexId":"ofr86275","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-275","title":"Geologic map of southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"Southern Prince of Wales Island is underlain by stratified, intrusive, and metamorphic rocks of Cretaceous through pre-Middle Ordovician age and by surficial deposits. The region was mapped originally in reconnaissance fashion by Buddington and Chapin (1929) and subsequently by W.H. Condon and I.L. Tailleur (unpublished U.S.G.S. report, 1960) primarily with the use of aerial photographs. More recently, MacKevett (I 963) studied the geology of the Bokan Mountain-Stone Rock Bay area, Herreid and others (1978) and G. Donald Eberlein, Michael Churkin Jr., and Walter Vennum (Eberlein and others, 1983; unpublished data) mapped Kassa and Klakas Inlets and regions to the north, and Thompson and others (1982) and B. Col lot (in Saint-Andre and others, 1983) studied the Bokan Mountain Granite. The inset map of Plate 1 shows where this published and unpublished mapping has been incorporated into our geologic map.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86381","usgsCitation":"Sutley, S.J., O’Leary, R.M., and Goldfarb, R., 1986, Analytical results and sample locality map of moraine-sediment, stream-sediment, and heavy-mineral-concentrate samples from the Cordova and Middleton Island 1° x 3° quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-381, Report: 115 p.; 1 Plate: 28.50 × 24.03 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86381.","productDescription":"Report: 115 p.; 1 Plate: 28.50 × 24.03 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391486,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18895.htm"},{"id":50651,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0381/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":50650,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0381/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":152846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0381/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cordova and Middleton Island 1° x 3° quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147,\n 59.75\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 59.75\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 59.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67f4e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutley, S. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86274","usgsCitation":"Meador, P.J., Ambos, E.L., and Fuis, G., 1986, Data report for the north and south Richardson Highway profiles, TACT, seismic-refraction survey, southern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-274, Report: 51 p.; 1 Plate: 26.40 × 29.64 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86274.","productDescription":"Report: 51 p.; 1 Plate: 26.40 × 29.64 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389124,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19007.htm"},{"id":43758,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0274/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43757,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0274/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0274/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"north and south Richardson Highway profiles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.333,\n 60.7\n ],\n [\n -142.4830,\n 60.7\n ],\n [\n -142.4830,\n 63.367\n ],\n [\n -148.333,\n 63.367\n ],\n [\n -148.333,\n 60.7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679cbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meador, P. J.","contributorId":9659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ambos, E. L.","contributorId":23957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ambos","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":16544,"text":"ofr8635 - 1986 - Sedimentary basins of offshore Alaska and adjacent regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:17","indexId":"ofr8635","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-35","title":"Sedimentary basins of offshore Alaska and adjacent regions","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8635","usgsCitation":"Wiley, T.J., 1986, Sedimentary basins of offshore Alaska and adjacent regions: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-35, iii, 118 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8635.","productDescription":"iii, 118 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0035/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":21178,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0035/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21179,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0035/plate-1-preview.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45530,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0035/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbdb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, T. J.","contributorId":92226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":18427,"text":"ofr86335 - 1986 - Engineering-geologic maps of northern Alaska, Umiat Quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-25T18:50:05.988425","indexId":"ofr86335","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-335","title":"Engineering-geologic maps of northern Alaska, Umiat Quadrangle","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86335","usgsCitation":"Carter, L.D., and Galloway, J., 1986, Engineering-geologic maps of northern Alaska, Umiat Quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-335, Report; 16 p.; 2 Plates: 32.74 × 35.35 inches and 33.03 × 35.43 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86335.","productDescription":"Report; 16 p.; 2 Plates: 32.74 × 35.35 inches and 33.03 × 35.43 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":47778,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0335/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":47777,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0335/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":47776,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0335/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":151182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0335/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":397620,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19010.htm"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Umiat quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 70\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 70\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 69\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6027e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, L. 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R.","contributorId":75918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishi, J. M.","contributorId":89886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishi","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Overstreet, W.C.","contributorId":105294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":29767,"text":"wri864089 - 1986 - Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Unalakleet River basin, Alaska, 1982-83","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri864089","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4089","title":"Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Unalakleet River basin, Alaska, 1982-83","docAbstract":"The Unalakleet River, Alaska, from its headwaters to the confluence of the Chiroskey River has been designated as a wild river and is included in the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. Yearly low flow, which occurs during the winter, is sustained by groundwater discharge; there are few lakes in the basin and the cold climate prevents winter runoff. The amount of winter streamflow was greatest in the lower parts of streams with the exception of the South River and was apparently proportional to the amount of unfrozen alluvium upstream from the measuring sites. Unit discharge in late winter ranged from nearly zero at the mouth of the South River to 0.24 cu ft/sec/sq mi in the Unalakleet River main stem below Tenmile River. Summer runoff at the time of the reconnaissance may have been slightly higher than normal owing to recent rains. Unit runoff ranged from a low of 1.0 cu ft/sec/sq mi at the South River, to a high value of 2.4 cu ft/sec/sq mi at the North Fork Unalakleet River. Flood marks were present in the basin well above streambank levels but suitable sections to measure the maximum evident flood by slope-area methods were not found. Flood peaks were calculated for the Unalakleet River and its tributaries using basin characteristics. Calculated unit runoff for the 50-year flood ranged from about 17 to 45 cu ft/sec/sq mi. Water quality was good throughout the basin, and an abundant and diversified community of benthic invertebrates was found in samples collected during the summer reconnaissance. Permafrost underlies most of the basin, but groundwater can be found in unfrozen alluvium in the stream valleys, most abundantly in the lower part of the main tributaries and along the main stem of the Unalakleet River. Groundwater sustains river flow through the winter; an estimate of its quantity can be found through low-flow measurements. Groundwater quality in the basin appears to be satisfactory for most uses. Currently, little groundwater is used within the basin. The water supply for Unalakleet is obtained from a well and gallery in a small valley north of the airport, outside the Unalakleet River basin. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864089","usgsCitation":"Sloan, C.E., Kernodle, D., and Huntsinger, R., 1986, Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Unalakleet River basin, Alaska, 1982-83: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4089, iv, 18 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864089.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4089/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58566,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4089/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60548c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloan, C. 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markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189676,"text":"70189676 - 1986 - Evaluation of Alaskan wetlands for waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-08T12:35:11","indexId":"70189676","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluation of Alaskan wetlands for waterfowl","docAbstract":"Few studies have focused specifically on use of Alaskan wetlands by waterfowl. However, substantial information on the values of wetlands is available from studies on individual species or that were conducted for other purposes. Most investigators have found it most effective to classify habitat use on the basis of observed distribution patterns of waterfowl in relation to local physiographic features and vegetation types. Major variations in habitat among regions result from differences in precipitation, summer temperature, length of frost free period, and presence of permafrost. Large areas of intertidal habitat, usually associated with river deltas, are of key importance wherever they occur. Lakes subject to extensive periods of draw-down or that fluctuate with river systems are more productive than those with more stable water levels.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Alaska: Regional wetland functions: Proceedings of a workshop held at Anchorage, Alaska, May 28-29, 1986","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Alaska: Regional wetland functions","conferenceDate":"May 28-29, 1986","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"National Wetlands Technical Council","usgsCitation":"Lensink, C.J., and Derksen, D.V., 1986, Evaluation of Alaskan wetlands for waterfowl, in Alaska: Regional wetland functions: Proceedings of a workshop held at Anchorage, Alaska, May 28-29, 1986, Anchorage, AK, May 28-29, 1986, p. 45-84.","productDescription":"40 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"84","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"Publication no. 90-1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fe0e4b0d1f9f065ab29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lensink, Calvin J.","contributorId":99612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lensink","given":"Calvin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":33810,"text":"National Wildlife Refuge Association","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014627,"text":"70014627 - 1986 - Changing climate: Geothermal evidence from permafrost in the Alaskan Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-25T16:27:17.352171","indexId":"70014627","displayToPublicDate":"1986-11-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changing climate: Geothermal evidence from permafrost in the Alaskan Arctic","docAbstract":"Temperature profiles measured in permafrost in northernmost Alaska usually have anomalous curvature in the upper 100 meters or so. When analyzed by heat-conduction theory, the profiles indicate a variable but widespread secular warming of the permafrost surface, generally in the range of 2 to 4 Celsius degrees during the last few decades to a century. Although details of the climatic change cannot be resolved with existing data, there is little doubt of its general magnitude and timing; alternative explanations are limited by the fact that heat transfer in cold permafrost is exclusively by conduction. Since models of greenhouse warming predict climatic change will be greatest in the Arctic and might already be in progress, it is prudent to attempt to understand the rapidly changing thermal regime in this region.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.234.4777.689","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Lachenbruch, A.H., and Marshall, B.V., 1986, Changing climate: Geothermal evidence from permafrost in the Alaskan Arctic: Science, v. 234, no. 4777, p. 689-696, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.234.4777.689.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"696","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225264,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaskan Arctic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -171.6980593624442,\n 72.43240323325102\n ],\n [\n -171.6980593624442,\n 68.78776745900396\n ],\n [\n -141.06125074207813,\n 68.78776745900396\n ],\n [\n -141.06125074207813,\n 72.43240323325102\n ],\n [\n -171.6980593624442,\n 72.43240323325102\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"234","issue":"4777","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f43fe4b0c8380cd4bc1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lachenbruch, Arthur H.","contributorId":27850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marshall, B. 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