{"pageNumber":"291","pageRowStart":"7250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11359,"records":[{"id":1007652,"text":"1007652 - 1986 - Status of a translocated sea otter population and its habitat in Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-09T15:46:36.55921","indexId":"1007652","displayToPublicDate":"1986-10-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2793,"text":"Murrelet","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of a translocated sea otter population and its habitat in Washington","docAbstract":"

During the summers of 1969 and 1970, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game and the Washington Department of Game translocated 59 sea otters from Amchitka Island, Alaska, to release sites in Washington (Jameson et al. 1982, Wildl. Soc. Bull. 10:100-107). Of the 29 released near Pt. Grenvil (Fig. 1) in 1969, 16 are known to have died. In 1970, 30 otters were held in a floating enclosure anchored near James Island, off La Push. They were released nearby in excellent condition on July 1970. Results of surveys from 1977 to 1981 were reported by Jameson et al. (1982). The purpose of this note is to report subsequent additional observations for 1983 and 1985 on the abundance, distribution, and habitat of the sea otter population in Washington

","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology","doi":"10.2307/3536464","usgsCitation":"Jameson, R.J., Kenyon, K.W., Jeffries, S., and VanBlaricom, G.R., 1986, Status of a translocated sea otter population and its habitat in Washington: Murrelet, v. 67, no. 3, p. 84-87, https://doi.org/10.2307/3536464.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"87","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269502,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3536464"},{"id":129784,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df8fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jameson, Ronald J.","contributorId":17938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jameson","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kenyon, Karl W.","contributorId":78791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenyon","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jeffries, S.","contributorId":98675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffries","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":315793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70121260,"text":"70121260 - 1986 - Meeting the challenge of policy-relevant science: lessons from a water resource project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T13:42:39","indexId":"70121260","displayToPublicDate":"1986-10-01T13:41:35","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Meeting the challenge of policy-relevant science: lessons from a water resource project","docAbstract":"Water resource scientists face complex tasks in evaluating aspects of water projects, but relatively few assessment procedures have been applied and accepted as standard applications. Decision-makers often rely on environmental assessments to evaluate the value and operation of projects. There is often confusion about scientists' role in policy decisions. The scientist can affect policy-making as an expert withess, an advocate or a surrogate. By understanding the policy process, scientists can make their work more “policy relevant.” Using the Terror Lake hydro project in Alaska as a guide, three lessons are discussed: (1) not all problems are able to be solved with technology; (2) policy-relevant technology is rarely imposed on a problem; and (3) the scientist need not just react to the policy process, but can have an impact on how that process unfolds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb00755.x","usgsCitation":"Lamb, B., 1986, Meeting the challenge of policy-relevant science: lessons from a water resource project: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 22, no. 5, p. 811-815, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb00755.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"811","endPage":"815","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292659,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292658,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb00755.x"}],"volume":"22","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b656e4b09d12e0e8e6fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamb, Berton L.","contributorId":24009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"Berton L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1007563,"text":"1007563 - 1986 - Activity-time budgets of sea otters in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-07T16:00:01.414935","indexId":"1007563","displayToPublicDate":"1986-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Activity-time budgets of sea otters in California","docAbstract":"

Daily time budgets and activity patterns of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) were determined by scan sampling at 4 study areas in central California. Diet was determined by direct observation of foraging animals. Average time invested in foraging ranged from 11 to 71% among viewing areas (1-2 km of coastline) and from 21 to 28% among study areas (8-10 km of coastline). Foraging time budgets were unrelated to season or the length of time that an area had been inhabited by otters. The diet of sea otters in California consisted almost entirely of marine invertebrates. These patterns were consistent with our review of other information on sea otter activity and diet in California. Diurnal foraging patterns were distinctly crepuscular at all sites and times sampled but one. Afternoon peaks in foraging activity were greater than morning peaks. Time budgets and diets were similar to those of sea otter populations in Alaska and the Soviet Union that were known to be below equilibrium density, thus suggesting that the presently curtailed growth of the California sea otter population is not due to food limitation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3800973","usgsCitation":"Estes, J.A., Underwood, K.E., and Karmann, M.J., 1986, Activity-time budgets of sea otters in California: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 50, no. 4, p. 626-636, https://doi.org/10.2307/3800973.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"626","endPage":"636","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"central California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.19192625120525,\n 36.72259570079257\n ],\n [\n -122.19192625120525,\n 34.95799110626237\n ],\n [\n -120.60794694715528,\n 34.95799110626237\n ],\n [\n -120.60794694715528,\n 36.72259570079257\n ],\n [\n -122.19192625120525,\n 36.72259570079257\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":315631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Underwood, Karen E.","contributorId":81452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Underwood","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karmann, Margit J.","contributorId":89096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karmann","given":"Margit","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014478,"text":"70014478 - 1986 - Strain accumulation in the Shumagin and Yakataga seismic gaps, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-26T16:38:58.789819","indexId":"70014478","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strain accumulation in the Shumagin and Yakataga seismic gaps, Alaska","docAbstract":"Strain accumulation during the 1980-85 interval has been measured by means of trilateration surveys in the Shumagin and Yakataga seismic gaps, which are the two regions identified as the most likely sites for the next great thrust earthquakes along the Alaska-Aleutian arc. No significant strain accumulation was detected in the Shumagin gap, but experience at similar subduction zones and simple models of the subduction process suggest that a measurable amount of strain should have accumulated. The most likely explanation of the observation is that subduction mere is either aseismic or episodic. The strain accumulation measured in the Yakataga gap is consistent with that expected for the plate convergence rate, although the direction of maximum compression may suggest a somewhat more oblique convergence than expected.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.231.4738.585","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., Lisowski, M., and Prescott, W., 1986, Strain accumulation in the Shumagin and Yakataga seismic gaps, Alaska: Science, v. 231, no. 4738, p. 585-587, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.231.4738.585.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"585","endPage":"587","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226160,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska-Aleutian arc","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -189.10965580376075,\n 54.0918062192018\n ],\n [\n -188.46998511535634,\n 51.42158520362793\n ],\n [\n -180.51845149404588,\n 50.88545679504214\n ],\n [\n -171.68033845898537,\n 51.398431819201264\n ],\n [\n -155.36031661418076,\n 55.42197880703884\n ],\n [\n -156.56256480877937,\n 58.55012529437823\n ],\n [\n -174.27020316925132,\n 53.601097458724624\n ],\n [\n -181.85788848341838,\n 53.27528445354847\n ],\n [\n -189.10965580376075,\n 54.0918062192018\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"231","issue":"4738","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9895e4b08c986b31c0b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207430,"text":"70207430 - 1986 - Geochronology of augen gneiss and related rocks, Yukon-Tanana terrane, east-central Alaska ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T10:28:14","indexId":"70207430","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T10:26:18","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochronology of augen gneiss and related rocks, Yukon-Tanana terrane, east-central Alaska ","docAbstract":"

Using several isotopic techniques, we have determined the ages of selected metamorphic rocks in the Yukon-Tanana terrane (YTT) of east-central Alaska. U-Pb zircon data from an augen gneiss body in the Big Delta quadrangle indicate that the granitoid protolith of the gneiss was intruded 341 ± 3 m.y. ago (lower intercept age). An upper intercept age of 2,136 ± 31 m.y. indicates an inherited early Proterozoic component in these zircons. This inheritance age is substantiated by a Sm-Nd whole-rock model age of 2.09 ± 0.08 b.y. from the Big Delta augen gneiss body. Detrital zircons from quartzitic wall rocks to this body were also derived from an early Proterozoic (∼2.1 to 2.3 b.y. old) crustal source(s). Zircons from three other augen gneisses occurring in an east-west belt which extends into the southern Yukon Territory, Canada, have similar Mississippian and early Proterozoic intercept ages. A Rb-Sr whole-rock isochron from widely separated bodies of augen gneiss has an age of 333 ± 26 m.y. and an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.728 ± 0.002, confirming the Mississippian intrusive age for the protolith. The high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio further indicates an old crustal component in these rocks. A Rb-Sr mineral isochron (115 ± 4 m.y.), K-Ar data from hornblende and micas (128 to 107 m.y.), and U-Pb data from sphene (134. m.y.) from augen gneiss and related rocks are similar to many K-Ar ages in this region and confirm the occurrence of an early Cretaceous thermal event. U-Pb ages of zircons from three metavolcanic units in the YTT suggest that extrusion of the protoliths of these rocks occurred 360–380 m.y. ago. Scatter in the data is caused by ubiquitous inheritance and multiple lead-loss events.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1986)97<626:GOAGAR>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Aleinikoff, J.N., Dusel-Bacon, C., and Foster, H.L., 1986, Geochronology of augen gneiss and related rocks, Yukon-Tanana terrane, east-central Alaska : Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 97, no. 5, p. 626-637, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1986)97<626:GOAGAR>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"626","endPage":"637","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.78515624999997,\n 61.77312286453146\n ],\n [\n -141.50390625,\n 61.77312286453146\n ],\n [\n -141.50390625,\n 69.28725695167886\n ],\n [\n -159.78515624999997,\n 69.28725695167886\n ],\n [\n -159.78515624999997,\n 61.77312286453146\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, Helen L.","contributorId":56195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70121354,"text":"70121354 - 1986 - 1986 wetland plant list: Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-21T09:03:17","indexId":"70121354","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T09:02:02","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"Biological Report 88(26.11)","title":"1986 wetland plant list: Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Reed, P., 1986, 1986 wetland plant list: Alaska.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292733,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.44,51.21 ], [ 172.44,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.44,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707c6e4b05ec1f2431b17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reed, P.B. Jr.","contributorId":87892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"P.B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015694,"text":"70015694 - 1986 - Repetitive digital NOAA-AVHRR data for Alaskan engineering and scientific applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-15T14:30:50.36376","indexId":"70015694","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Repetitive digital NOAA-AVHRR data for Alaskan engineering and scientific applications","docAbstract":"Selected digitally enhanced NOAA - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) images taken by the NOAA 6, 7, 8 and 9 Polar Orbiting Satellites demonstrate the capability and application of repetitive low-resolution satellite data to Alaska's engineering and science community. Selected cloud-free visible and thermal infrared images are enhanced to depict distinct oceanographic and geologic processes along Alaska's west coast and adjacent seas. Included are the advance of the Bering Sea ice field, transport of Yukon River sediment into Norton Sound, and monitoring of plume trajectories from the Mount Augustine volcanic eruptions. Presented illustrations are representative of the 94 scenes in a cooperative USGS EROS/NOAA Alaskan AVHRR Digital Archive. This paper will discuss the cooperative efforts in establishing the first year data set and identifying Alaskan applications.","largerWorkTitle":"Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Fall Technical Meeting","conferenceTitle":"1986 ASPRS-ACSM Fall Convention","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK, USA","language":"English","publisher":"American Soc for Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA, USA","issn":"02714043","isbn":"0937294764","usgsCitation":"Christie, W.M., Pawlowski, R.J., and Fleming, M.D., 1986, Repetitive digital NOAA-AVHRR data for Alaskan engineering and scientific applications, in Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Fall Technical Meeting, Anchorage, AK, USA, p. 369-378.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"378","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a935ae4b0c8380cd80d6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christie, William M.","contributorId":22501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christie","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pawlowski, Robert J.","contributorId":43107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlowski","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleming, Michael D.","contributorId":102638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168678,"text":"70168678 - 1986 - The Pacific tsunami warning system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-23T16:43:09","indexId":"70168678","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Pacific tsunami warning system","docAbstract":"

Of all natural disasters, tsunamis are among the most terrifying and complex phenomena, responsible for great loss of lives and vast destruction of property. Enormous destruction of coastal communities has taken place throughout the world by such great waves since the beginning of recorded history.

\n

The impact of tsunamis on human societies can be traced back in written history to 480 BC, when the Minoan civilization in the Eastern Mediterranean was wiped out by great tsunami waves generated by the volcanic explosion of the island of Santorin. In the Pacific Ocean where the majority of these waves have been generated, the historical record, although brief, shows tremendous destruction. In Japan which has one of the most populated coastal regions in the world and a long history of earthquake activity, tsunamis have destroyed entire coastal communities. There is also history of tsunami destruction in Alaska, in Hawaiian Islands, and in South America. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Pararas-Carayannis, G., 1986, The Pacific tsunami warning system: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 18, no. 3, p. 122-130.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"122","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318352,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cd90ebe4b0b1892d9e8321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pararas-Carayannis, G.","contributorId":167160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pararas-Carayannis","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70140585,"text":"70140585 - 1986 - Processing techniques for the production of an experimental computer-generated shaded-relief map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:40:28","indexId":"70140585","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":709,"text":"American Cartographer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processing techniques for the production of an experimental computer-generated shaded-relief map","docAbstract":"

An experimental computer-generated shaded-relief map of a topographic quadrangle of Nome, Alaska, at 1:1,000,000 scale was created to demonstrate current capabilities of map production. This paper describes the techniques used to produce the map product.

\n

The data consisted of forty-eight 1° by 1° blocks of resampled digital elevation model (DEM) data. These data were digitally mosaicked and assigned colors based on intervals of elevation values. The color-coded data set was then used to create a shaded-relief image that was photographically composited with cartographic line information to produce a shaded-relief map. The majority of the processing was completed at the National Mapping Division EROS Data Center in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1559/152304086783900149","usgsCitation":"Judd, D.D., 1986, Processing techniques for the production of an experimental computer-generated shaded-relief map: American Cartographer, v. 13, no. 1, p. 72-79, https://doi.org/10.1559/152304086783900149.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"79","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"1000000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Nome","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165.50628662109375,\n 64.48344424608204\n ],\n [\n -165.50628662109375,\n 64.57085734168491\n ],\n [\n -165.31402587890625,\n 64.57085734168491\n ],\n [\n -165.31402587890625,\n 64.48344424608204\n ],\n [\n -165.50628662109375,\n 64.48344424608204\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2de4b08de9379b368e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Judd, Damon D.","contributorId":139143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Judd","given":"Damon","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70181031,"text":"70181031 - 1986 - A sublittoral population of Pleurophycus gardneri Setchell and Saunders 1900 (Phaeophyceae: Laminariaceae) in central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T09:04:30","indexId":"70181031","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1136,"text":"Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A sublittoral population of Pleurophycus gardneri Setchell and Saunders 1900 (Phaeophyceae: Laminariaceae) in central California","docAbstract":"

Published distributional records for the stipitate kelp Pleurophycus gardneri Setchell and Saunders 1900 (Phaeophyceae: Laminariaceae) indicae a geographic range from Montague Island (59°58’N, 147°22W), Alaska to Fort Bragg (39°27’N, 123°47’W), California (Druehl 1969, 1970; Kjeldsen 1972). P. gardneri is found primarily in rocky intertidal and shallow subtidal locations (Scagel 1967; Nicholson 1976). In California, populations of P. gardneri have been reported only from the lower rocky intertidal near Fort Bragg (Kjeldsen 1972).

On 7 and 8 July 1982 and 23 March 1984 we censused stipitate kelps during SCUBS dives at a site 2.3 km south southeast of Pt. Sierra Nevada (35°41’ N, 121°18’W). we counted kelps in 1 x 5-m plots along a 50-m tape laid across the bottom in an arbitrarily predetermined direction from the skiff anchor. We also measured water depth at 1-m intervals along the tape, using a SCUBA depth gauge. On 20 August 1982, we used the same tehniques to sample kelp densities at a site 2.4 km east southeast of Pt. Piedras Blancas (35°39’N, 121°15’W).

The most abundant kelps at the Pt. Sierra Nevada ste were Pterygophora californica Ruprect 1852 (Phaeophyceae: Alariaceae) and a species we tentatively identified as P. gardneri (Table 1). Based on specimens we collected on 8 July 1982, our field identification was subsequently confirmed by I. A. Abbot. Voucher specimens were placed in the Gilbert M. Smith Herbarium at Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California.

","language":"English","publisher":"Southern California Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"VanBlaricom, G., Reed, D., Harrold, C., and Bodkin, J.L., 1986, A sublittoral population of Pleurophycus gardneri Setchell and Saunders 1900 (Phaeophyceae: Laminariaceae) in central California: Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, v. 85, no. 2, p. 120-122.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"122","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335154,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://scas.nhm.org/publications/","text":"Publisher's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a030a3e4b099f50d3e04fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R.","contributorId":39273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Daniel C.","contributorId":8008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Daniel C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrold, Christopher","contributorId":52501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrold","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70015178,"text":"70015178 - 1986 - Stratigraphic setting and mineralogy of the Arctic volcanogenic massive sulfide prospect, Ambler district, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-05T17:56:21.862953","indexId":"70015178","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic setting and mineralogy of the Arctic volcanogenic massive sulfide prospect, Ambler district, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Arctic prospect, south central Brooks Range, is among the 30 largest of 508 volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposits in the world. The massive sulphide lenses are interlayered with graphitic schist between metamorphosed rhyolite porphyries in Middle Devonian to early Mississippian metamorphosed volcanic, volcaniclastic and sedimentary rocks. Hydrothermal alteration is of three types: chloritic, phyllic s.l., and pyrite-phengite, each type strata-distinctively and respectively below, in, and above the sulphides. Maximum alteration conforms with metal zoning in the sulfides to suggest predominantly northwestward dispersal from a linear vent area in the elongate basin containing the deposit.-G.J.N.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.81.7.1619","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, J., 1986, Stratigraphic setting and mineralogy of the Arctic volcanogenic massive sulfide prospect, Ambler district, Alaska: Economic Geology, v. 81, no. 7, p. 1619-1643, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.81.7.1619.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1619","endPage":"1643","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224189,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9969e4b08c986b31c3ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, J.M.","contributorId":97916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70142589,"text":"70142589 - 1986 - Vegetation and terrain mapping in Alaska using Landsat MSS and digital terrain data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:40:06","indexId":"70142589","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation and terrain mapping in Alaska using Landsat MSS and digital terrain data","docAbstract":"

During the past 5 years, the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center Field Office in Anchorage, Alaska has worked cooperatively with Federal and State resource management agencies to produce land-cover and terrain maps for 245 million acres of Alaska. The need for current land-cover information in Alaska comes principally from the mandates of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA), December 1980, which requires major land management agencies to prepare comprehensive management plans. The land-cover mapping projects integrate digital Landsat data, terrain data, aerial photographs, and field data. The resultant land-cover and terrain maps and associated data bases are used for resource assessment, management, and planning by many Alaskan agencies including the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, and Alaska Department of Natural Resources. Applications addressed through use of the digital land-cover and terrain data bases range from comprehensive refuge planning to multiphased sampling procedures designed to inventory vegetation statewide. The land-cover mapping programs in Alaska demonstrate the operational utility of digital Landsat data and have resulted in a new land-cover mapping program by the USGS National Mapping Division to compile 1:250,000-scale land-cover maps in Alaska using a common statewide land-cover map legend.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Shasby, M., and Carneggie, D.M., 1986, Vegetation and terrain mapping in Alaska using Landsat MSS and digital terrain data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 52, no. 6, p. 779-786.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"779","endPage":"786","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -179.736328125,\n 50.401515322782366\n ],\n [\n -179.736328125,\n 71.7188822971392\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 71.7188822971392\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 50.401515322782366\n ],\n [\n -179.736328125,\n 50.401515322782366\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec43fe4b02419550debf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shasby, Mark shasbym@usgs.gov","contributorId":223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shasby","given":"Mark","email":"shasbym@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carneggie, David M.","contributorId":62758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carneggie","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180942,"text":"70180942 - 1986 - What won't Turnstones eat?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:34:59","indexId":"70180942","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1079,"text":"British Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What won't Turnstones eat?","docAbstract":"

The Turnstone Arenaria interpres probably has one of the most varied diets of any wader species. Besides the 'normal' foods taken (see, e.g., Prater 1972, Nettleship 1973, Jones 1975), a considerable variety of 'unusual' foods and feeding behaviours has also been reported. Items taken include soap, gull excrement, dog food, potato peels, cheese, oatmeal, and the flesh of dead animals, including birds, a sheep Ovis, a wolf Lupus, a cat Felis, and a human corpse (Bell 1961; Campbell 1966; King 1961, 1964, 1982; King 1982; MacDonald & Parmelee 1962; Mercer 1966; Selway & Kendall 1965; Spencer 1966).

","language":"English","publisher":"The British Birds Charitable Trust","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., 1986, What won't Turnstones eat?: British Birds, v. 79, p. 402-403.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"402","endPage":"403","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335078,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://britishbirds.co.uk/article/notes-921/"}],"volume":"79","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589c3c50e4b0efcedb741126","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70142590,"text":"70142590 - 1986 - Vegetation mapping of Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-01T23:24:02.891479","indexId":"70142590","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation mapping of Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data","docAbstract":"

A Landsat-derived vegetation map was prepared for Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge lies within the middle boreal subzone of north central Alaska. Seven major vegetation classes and sixteen subclasses were recognized: forest (closed needleleaf, open needleleaf, needleleaf woodland, mixed, and broadleaf); broadleaf scrub (lowland, alluvial, subalpine); dwarf scrub (prostrate dwarf shrub tundra, dwarf shrub-graminoid tussock peatland); herbaceous (graminoid bog, marsh and meadow); scarcely vegetated areas (scarcely vegetated scree and floodplain); water (clear, turbid); and other areas (mountain shadow). The methodology employed a cluster-block technique. Sample areas were described based on a combination of helicopter-ground survey, aerial photointerpretation, and digital Landsat data. Major steps in the Landsat analysis involved preprocessing (geometric correction), derivation of statistical parameters for spectral classes, spectral class labeling of sample areas, preliminary classification of the entire study area using a maximum-likelihood algorithm, and final classification utilizing ancillary information such as digital elevation data. The final product is a 1:250,000-scale vegetation map representative of distinctive regional patterns and suitable for use in comprehensive conservation planning.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Talbot, S., and Markon, C.J., 1986, Vegetation mapping of Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 52, no. 6, p. 791-799.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"791","endPage":"799","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397992,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/asprs-publications/pers"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.5224609375,\n 63.52897054110277\n ],\n [\n -155.5224609375,\n 65.07213008560697\n ],\n [\n -150.99609375,\n 65.07213008560697\n ],\n [\n -150.99609375,\n 63.52897054110277\n ],\n [\n -155.5224609375,\n 63.52897054110277\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec43fe4b02419550debf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":85896,"text":"85896 - 1986 - Polar Bear","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T15:15:47","indexId":"85896","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5432,"text":"Audubon Wildlife Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"title":"Polar Bear","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Audubon wildlife report 1986","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Audubon Report","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Amstrup, S.C., 1986, Polar Bear: Audubon Wildlife Report, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"790","endPage":"804","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db684a59","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Di Silvestro, Roger L.","contributorId":111794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Silvestro","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504817,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":296672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70182472,"text":"70182472 - 1986 - Fish assemblages in Macrocystis and Nereocystis kelp forests off Central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-17T11:18:56","indexId":"70182472","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Fish assemblages in Macrocystis and Nereocystis kelp forests off Central California","title":"Fish assemblages in Macrocystis and Nereocystis kelp forests off Central California","docAbstract":"

The abundance and species composition of conspicuous fishes were compared within two canopy forming kelp forests (giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, and bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana) in Central California. The primary investigative method was a subtidal belt transect, in which visual observation was used. The species composition of fish assemblages in the two canopy types was similar. Densities of fish were generally greater in Macrocystis than in Nereocystis forests. The major difference was the density of midwater species of the genus Sebastes. The blue rockfish, Sebastes mystinus, was the numerically dominant species in both canopy types. Estimates of the biomass of fish were about 2.4 times greater in Macrocystis beds than in Nereocystis beds.

","language":"English","publisher":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","usgsCitation":"Bodkin, J.L., 1986, Fish assemblages in Macrocystis and Nereocystis kelp forests off Central California: Fishery Bulletin, v. 84, no. 4, p. 799-808.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"799","endPage":"808","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336081,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336078,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/844/844toc.htm","text":"Fishery Bulletin: Volume 84, Issue 4"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.47857666015625,\n 35.56574628576276\n ],\n [\n -121.10092163085936,\n 35.56574628576276\n ],\n [\n -121.10092163085936,\n 35.80444911191491\n ],\n [\n -121.47857666015625,\n 35.80444911191491\n ],\n [\n -121.47857666015625,\n 35.56574628576276\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b002dbe4b01ccd54fb2819","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1012858,"text":"1012858 - 1986 - Past and present status of polar bears in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T15:00:24.248201","indexId":"1012858","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Past and present status of polar bears in Alaska","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Amstrup, S.C., Stirling, I., and Lentfer, J., 1986, Past and present status of polar bears in Alaska: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 14, no. 3, p. 241-254.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"254","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130664,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345290,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3782240 "}],"country":"United 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Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":318411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stirling, Ian","contributorId":72079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stirling","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6962,"text":"Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":318413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lentfer, J.","contributorId":98681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lentfer","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014688,"text":"70014688 - 1986 - Evolution of the Coast batholith along the Skagway Traverse, Alaska and British Columbia.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:31","indexId":"70014688","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of the Coast batholith along the Skagway Traverse, Alaska and British Columbia.","docAbstract":"Reconnaissance geological mapping of a strip 10-15 km wide across the Coast batholith from Haines to Skagway to the vicinity of Log Cabin was performed. The petrography, major- and minor-element chemistry, geochronology (using the U/Pb method on zircons), and initial ratios of 87Sr/86Sr of a suite of representative samples from each major unit are reported.-J.A.Z.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Barker, F., Arth, J.G., and Stern, T.W., 1986, Evolution of the Coast batholith along the Skagway Traverse, Alaska and British Columbia.: American Mineralogist, v. 71, no. 3-4, p. 632-643.","startPage":"632","endPage":"643","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d88e4b0c8380cd53088","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barker, F.","contributorId":101368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arth, Joseph G.","contributorId":104546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arth","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stern, T. W.","contributorId":36122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70162141,"text":"70162141 - 1986 - A natural epizootic of infectious haematopoietic necrosis in imported Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., reared in the enzootic region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T10:38:43","indexId":"70162141","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":" A natural epizootic of infectious haematopoietic necrosis in imported Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., reared in the enzootic region","docAbstract":"

In June 1984, fry of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., (0-3 g mean weight), being reared in a hatehery operated by the University of Washington, began to die and infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN) was diagnosed. A total of 40 000 fry were being held in 11 tanks. Mortality due to IHN was noticeable in three tanks, losses being heavy in one and moderate in two. Gross examination of the fish failed to reveal an obvious cause of death. Signs included: evidence of haemorrhage ventrally, anterior to the anus; pale gills and liver; an empty gut, except for the presence of a white caseous material; and abdominal distension. The spleen and kidney were normal. When examinations of the fish for bacteria and parasites were negative, virus isolation was attempted.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2761.1986.tb01001.x","usgsCitation":"Mulcahy, D., and Wood, J., 1986, A natural epizootic of infectious haematopoietic necrosis in imported Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., reared in the enzootic region: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 9, no. 2, p. 173-175, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1986.tb01001.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"175","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314308,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698d4b8e4b0fbd3f7fa4bf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mulcahy, D.","contributorId":82642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, J.","contributorId":152254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014551,"text":"70014551 - 1986 - Field observations of bed shear stress and sediment resuspension on continental shelves, Alaska and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-01T01:11:15.593985","indexId":"70014551","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field observations of bed shear stress and sediment resuspension on continental shelves, Alaska and California","docAbstract":"

Bed shear stress was estimated using wave and current measurements obtained with the GEOPROBE bottom-tripod system during resuspension events in Norton Sound, Alaska, and on the northern California shelf. The boundary-layer model of Grant and Madsen (1979, Journal of Geophysical Research, 84, 1797-1808) was used to compute the bed shear stress under combined wave-generated and quasi-steady currents. Resuspension events were identified by sudden, large increases in light scattering at 1.9 m above the sea floor. The shear-stress values were used to compute the Shields parameter (??). The results for Norton Sound are in excellent agreement with the Shields threshold criterion; the data for the California shelf plot somewhat above the Shields threshold curve, though generally within the scatter envelope. Although the surface sediments in each area contain substantial fine-grained fractions (mean diameters were 0.007 cm in Norton Sound and 0.002 cm on the California shelf), the results do not indicate significant cohesion, because the sediment was entrained at bed shear-stress values close to those predicted by the modified Shields curve for cohesionless fine-grained particles. We suspect that frequent wave stirring and observed plowing of the surface sediment by benthonic animals maintain a high water content and contribute to the ease with which these materials are resuspended.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0278-4343(86)90081-6","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Drake, D., and Cacchione, D., 1986, Field observations of bed shear stress and sediment resuspension on continental shelves, Alaska and California: Continental Shelf Research, v. 6, no. 3, p. 415-429, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(86)90081-6.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"429","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226162,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, California","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0fcbe4b0c8380cd53a07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":368655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29766,"text":"wri854315 - 1986 - Effect of glacier ablation on the Snettisham Hydroelectric Project, Long Lake and Crater Lake basins, Alaska, with a section on streamflow records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-21T22:04:01.577499","indexId":"wri854315","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4315","title":"Effect of glacier ablation on the Snettisham Hydroelectric Project, Long Lake and Crater Lake basins, Alaska, with a section on streamflow records","docAbstract":"Long Lake Basin in the Snettisham Project Area southeast of Juneau, Alaska, yields water used for the production of hydroelectric power. Development of adjacent Crater Lake is planned to increase the Project 's generating capacity. Estimates of the hydroelectric potential of the lakes are based on streamflow records which are influenced by glaciers that cover 25% of the combined basins. Analysis of streamflow records shows that the quality and extent of records in the area are sufficient to predict flow from the Crater Creek basin with a fairly high degree of confidence. Comparison of aerial photographs indicates that glacier ablation and recession have been continuous since at least 1929. Estimates of ice-volume change from photogrammetric measurements indicate that less than 2.5% of the average runoff from the basins of Long and Crater Lakes has been from reduction in glacier-ice storage. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854315","usgsCitation":"Sloan, C.E., Emery, P.A., Fair, D., and Lamke, R.D., 1986, Effect of glacier ablation on the Snettisham Hydroelectric Project, Long Lake and Crater Lake basins, Alaska, with a section on streamflow records: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4315, Report: iv, 22 p.; 1 Plate: 25.35 x 18.73 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854315.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 22 p.; 1 Plate: 25.35 x 18.73 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422790,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36446.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58564,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4315/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58565,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4315/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119686,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4315/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Long Lake and Crater Lake basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -134.5,\n 58.375\n ],\n [\n -134.5,\n 57.875\n ],\n [\n -133.5,\n 57.875\n ],\n [\n -133.5,\n 58.375\n ],\n [\n -134.5,\n 58.375\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62564a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloan, C. E.","contributorId":59037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emery, P. A.","contributorId":49392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fair, Diana","contributorId":64696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fair","given":"Diana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lamke, Robert D.","contributorId":24764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamke","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186874,"text":"70186874 - 1986 - Research on polar bears in Alaska, 1983-1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T13:29:37","indexId":"70186874","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Research on polar bears in Alaska, 1983-1985","docAbstract":"

Research on the ecology and status of polar bear populations in Alaska has continued since 1967. Research was a joint U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Alaska Department of Fish and Game effort until passage of the Marine Mammal Protection Act in 1972, and has been largely a Federal effort since then. In 1985, Alaskan polar beer research continues to be carried out by the Research Division of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (DOI). A recent reorganization removed authority for ecological research in Alaska from the Denver Wildlife Research Center, and vested it with the newly created Alaska Office of Fish and Wildlife Research. This new research office is the center for Federal fish and Wildlife related research throughout the state of Alaska and in its coastal waters.

Although the responsibility for polar bear research lies with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, numerous other organizations and agencies deserve mention for their cooperation and support of the ongoing research. These include: the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (DOC), The U.S. Minerals Management Service (DOI), The Canadian Wildlife Service, The Northwest Territories Wildlife Service, the Yukon Wildlife Service, Dome Petroleum Ltd, Gulf Canada, and the Alaska Department of Fish and game.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polar bears: Proceedings of the ninth working meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"9th Working Meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group","conferenceDate":"August 9-11, 1985","conferenceLocation":"Edmonton, AB","language":"English","publisher":"IUCN","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, UK","isbn":"2-88032-308-8","usgsCitation":"Amstrup, S.C., 1986, Research on polar bears in Alaska, 1983-1985, in Polar bears: Proceedings of the ninth working meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group, Edmonton, AB, August 9-11, 1985, p. 85-115.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"115","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339617,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/5857"},{"id":339618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ef3dade4b0eed1ab8e3bee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014969,"text":"70014969 - 1986 - Determination of total, commonality, and uniqueness of interpreted structural elements from remotely sensed data in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:54","indexId":"70014969","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2700,"text":"Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of total, commonality, and uniqueness of interpreted structural elements from remotely sensed data in Alaska","docAbstract":"Statistical analysis is conducted to determine the unique value of real- and synthetic-aperture side-looking airborne radar (SLAR) to detect interpreted structural elements. SLAR images were compared to standard and digitally enhanced Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) images and to aerial photographs. After interpretation of the imagery, data were cumulated by total length in miles and by frequency of counts. Maximum uniqueness is obtained first from real-aperture SLAR, 58.3% of total, and, second, from digitally enhanced Landsat MSS images, 54.1% of total. ?? 1986 Plenum Publishing Corporation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00898281","issn":"08828121","usgsCitation":"Rosenfield, G., 1986, Determination of total, commonality, and uniqueness of interpreted structural elements from remotely sensed data in Alaska: Mathematical Geology, v. 18, no. 2, p. 161-179, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00898281.","startPage":"161","endPage":"179","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205418,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00898281"},{"id":223792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffe0e4b0c8380cd4f44a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenfield, G.H.","contributorId":94670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenfield","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014566,"text":"70014566 - 1986 - The evolving Alaska mapping program.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:33","indexId":"70014566","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The evolving Alaska mapping program.","docAbstract":"This paper describes the development of mapping in Alaska, the current status of the National Mapping Program, and future plans for expanding and improving the mapping coverage. Research projects with Landsat Multispectral Scanner and Return Vidicon imagery and real- and synthetic-aperture radar; image mapping programs; digital mapping; remote sensing projects; the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act; and the Alaska High-Altitude Aerial Photography Program are also discussed.-from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Brooks, P.D., and O’Brien, T.J., 1986, The evolving Alaska mapping program.: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 52, no. 6, p. 769-777.","startPage":"769","endPage":"777","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505babebe4b08c986b323177","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, P. D.","contributorId":46060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Brien, T. J.","contributorId":17770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014569,"text":"70014569 - 1986 - Platinum-group element geochemistry of zoned ultramafic intrusive suites, Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-05T17:55:06.808555","indexId":"70014569","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Platinum-group element geochemistry of zoned ultramafic intrusive suites, Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon","docAbstract":"

Three postorogenic Alaskan-type ultramafic to mafic intrusive suites in the Klamath Mountains, ranging in age from 142 to 163 m.y. and intruding metavolcanic, metasedimentary, or ophiolitic cumulate ultramafie to gabbroic rocks, were examined for their platinum-group element content. The Lower Coon Mountain pluton consists of layered clinopyroxene-rich lithologies occurring in chronological sequence whereas the intrusive suite at Tincup Peak consists of a cogenetic sequence of wehrlite, clinopyroxenite, magnetite clinopyroxenite, feldspathic hornblende-magnetite clinopyroxenite, dunite-olivine clinopyroxenite, and hornblende gabbro. The ultramarie-mafic intrusive suite at Chanchelulla Peak, part of the Wildwood pluton, consists predominantly of clinopyroxenite, minor interlayered dunite, and wehrlite with minor hypabyssal gabbroic rocks. Clinopyroxene compositions in the three intrusive suites are calcium rich and range from Wo (sub 54.7) -En (sub 45.1) -Fs 19 to Wo (sub 44.9) -En (sub 43.8) -Fs (sub 11.3) and resemble clinopyroxene with alkalic affinities. Olivine ranges from Fo 72 to Fo 83 and plagioclase from An 68 to An 96 . Cyclic units of layered cumulus magnetite + spinel (+ or -ilmenite) and coarse interstitial magnetite occur at Tincup Peak and Lower Coon Mountain. All three intrusive suites contain disseminated pyrrhotite + chalcopyrite + or - pentlandite, but the Chanchelulla Peak intrusive body also contains lenticular zones of disseminated to interstitial sulfides near its contact with sulfide-bearing horn-felsic rocks. Characteristics of rocks from these three Klamath Mountains Alaskan-type intrusive suites are (1) Rh contents of near or less than 1 ppb, (2) Ir and Ru contents less than 100 and 20 ppb, (3) variable Pd contents between rock units within intrusive suites and among suites, and (4) relatively similar Pt contents within intrusive suites and among suites. Concentrations of Pd average 6.3 ppb at Lower Coon Mountain, 13.7 ppb at Chanchelulla Peak, and 36.4 ppb at Tincup Peak. Cohen-corrected abundance data for individual rock units within each intrusive suite yield a Pt/(Pt + Pd) ratio that is greater in olivine-rich rocks than in clinopy-roxenite than in gabbro suggesting chemical fractionation of Pd within intrusive suites.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.81.5.1252","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Gray, F., Page, N., Carlson, C., Wilson, S., and Carlson, R.R., 1986, Platinum-group element geochemistry of zoned ultramafic intrusive suites, Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon: Economic Geology, v. 81, no. 5, p. 1252-1260, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.81.5.1252.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1252","endPage":"1260","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225324,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1986-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c2ee4b0c8380cd79846","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, F.","contributorId":87270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Page, N.J.","contributorId":38125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, C.A.","contributorId":85178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, S. A. 0000-0002-9468-0005","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0005","contributorId":23561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlson, R. R.","contributorId":75918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}