Selected organic wastewater compounds (OWCs) such as household, industrial, and agricultural-use compounds, pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, and sterols and hormones were measured at 65 sites in Minnesota as part of a cooperative study among the Minnesota Department of Health, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Samples were collected in Minnesota during October 2000 through November 2002 and analyzed for the presence and distribution of 91 OWCs at sites including wastewater treatment plant influent and effluent; landfill and feedlot lagoon leachate; surface water; ground water (underlying sewered and unsewered mixed urban land use, a waste dump, and feedlots); and the intake and finished drinking water from drinking water facilities.
\nThere were 74 OWCs detected that represent a wide variety of use. Samples generally comprised a mixture of compounds (average of 6 OWCs) and 90 percent of the samples had at least one OWC detected. Concentrations for detected OWCs generally were less than 3 micrograms per liter. The ten most frequently detected OWCs were metolachlor (agricultural-use herbicide); cholesterol (sterol primarily associated with animal waste); caffeine (stimulant), N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) (topical insect repellant); bromoform (disinfection by product); tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (flame-retardant and plastic component); beta-sitosterol (plant sterol that is a known endocrine disruptor); acetyl-hexamethyl-tetrahydro- naphthalene (AHTN) (synthetic musk widely used in personal care products, and a known endocrine disruptor); bisphenol-A (plastic component and a known endocrine disruptor); and cotinine (metabolite of nicotine).
\nWastewater treatment plant influent and effluent, landfill leachate, and ground water underlying a waste dump had the greatest number of OWCs detected. OWC detections in ground-water were low except underlying the one waste dump studied and feedlots. There generally were more OWCs detected in surface water than ground water, and there were twice as many OWCs detected in the surface water sites downstream from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP effluent than at sites not directly downstream from effluent. Comparisons among site classifications apply only to sites sampled during the study.
\nResults of this study indicate ubiquitous distribution of measured OWCs in the environment that originate from numerous sources and pathways. During this reconnaissance of OWCs in Minnesota it was not possible to determine the specific sources of OWCs to surface, ground, or drinking waters. The data indicate WWTP effluent is a major pathway of OWCs to surface waters and that landfill leachate at selected facilities is a potential source of OWCs to WWTPs. Aquatic organism or human exposure to some OWCs is likely based on OWC distribution. Few aquatic or human health standards or criteria exist for the OWCs analyzed, and the risks to humans or aquatic wildlife are not known. Some OWCs detected in this study are endocrine disrupters and have been found to disrupt or influence endocrine function in fish. Thirteen endocrine disrupters, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydoxyanisole (BHA), 4- cumylphenol, 4-normal-octylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol, acetyl-hexamethyl-tetrahydro-naphthalene (AHTN), benzo[α]pyrene, beta-sitosterol, bisphenol-A, diazinon, nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO), octyphenol diethoxylate (OP2EO), octylphenol monoethoxylate (OP1EO), and total para-nonylphenol (NP) were detected. Results of reconnaissance studies may help regulators who set water-quality standards begin to prioritize which OWCs to focus upon for given categories of water use.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20045138","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Health and the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., Barber, L.B., Furlong, E.T., Cahill, J.D., Kolpin, D.W., Meyer, M.T., and Zaugg, S.D., 2004, Presence and distribution of organic wastewater compounds in wastewater, surface, ground, and drinking waters, Minnesota, 2000-02: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5138, v, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045138.","productDescription":"v, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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\"}}]}","tableOfContents":"Abstract
Introduction
Study design and methods
Quality assurance
Data evaluation
Hydrologic setting and basic water-quality parameters
Presence and distribution of organic wastewater compounds among all sites
Presence and distribution of organice wastewater compounds for specific site classifications
Wastewater
Wastewater treatment plants
Landfill leachate
Feedlot lagoons
Surface water
Ground water
Drinking water
Comparison among site classifications
Implications for water-quality and human and aquatic health
Summary and conclusions
References
Appendix 1. Potential uses of organic wastewater compounds analyzed in water samples, Minnesota 2000-02
Appendix 2. Quality-control data summary for laboratory reagent spike and blank samples for all analytes, Minnesota 2000-02
\nAppendix 3. Quality assurance summary for laboratory surrogate compounds in samples analyzed with field samples, Minnesota, 2000-02
\nAppendix 4. Quality assurance summary of field replicates and blanks, Minnesota, 2000-02
","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db66912b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Kathy 0000-0002-7683-1367 klee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-1367","contributorId":2538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kathy","email":"klee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cahill, Jeffery D.","contributorId":71630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahill","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":53296,"text":"ofr20041042 - 2004 - A new streamflow-routing (SFR1) package to simulate stream-aquifer interaction with MODFLOW-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T19:53:30","indexId":"ofr20041042","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1042","title":"A new streamflow-routing (SFR1) package to simulate stream-aquifer interaction with MODFLOW-2000","docAbstract":"The increasing concern for water and its quality require improved methods to evaluate the interaction between streams and aquifers and the strong influence that streams can have on the flow and transport of contaminants through many aquifers. For this reason, a new Streamflow-Routing (SFR1) Package was written for use with the U.S. Geological Survey's MODFLOW-2000 ground-water flow model. The SFR1 Package is linked to the Lake (LAK3) Package, and both have been integrated with the Ground-Water Transport (GWT) Process of MODFLOW-2000 (MODFLOW-GWT). SFR1 replaces the previous Stream (STR1) Package, with the most important difference being that stream depth is computed at the midpoint of each reach instead of at the beginning of each reach, as was done in the original Stream Package. This approach allows for the addition and subtraction of water from runoff, precipitation, and evapotranspiration within each reach. Because the SFR1 Package computes stream depth differently than that for the original package, a different name was used to distinguish it from the original Stream (STR1) Package.\r\n\r\nThe SFR1 Package has five options for simulating stream depth and four options for computing diversions from a stream. The options for computing stream depth are: a specified value; Manning's equation (using a wide rectangular channel or an eight-point cross section); a power equation; or a table of values that relate flow to depth and width. Each stream segment can have a different option. Outflow from lakes can be computed using the same options. Because the wetted perimeter is computed for the eight-point cross section and width is computed for the power equation and table of values, the streambed conductance term no longer needs to be calculated externally whenever the area of streambed changes as a function of flow. The concentration of solute is computed in a stream network when MODFLOW-GWT is used in conjunction with the SFR1 Package. The concentration of a solute in a stream reach is based on a mass-balance approach and accounts for exchanges with (inputs from or losses to) ground-water systems.\r\n\r\nTwo test examples are used to illustrate some of the capabilities of the SFR1 Package. The first test simulation was designed to illustrate how pumping of ground water from an aquifer connected to streams can affect streamflow, depth, width, and streambed conductance using the different options. The second test simulation was designed to illustrate solute transport through interconnected lakes, streams, and aquifers. Because of the need to examine time series results from the model simulations, the Gage Package first described in the LAK3 documentation was revised to include time series results of selected variables (streamflows, stream depth and width, streambed conductance, solute concentrations, and solute loads) for specified stream reaches.\r\n\r\nThe mass-balance or continuity approach for routing flow and solutes through a stream network may not be applicable for all interactions between streams and aquifers. The SFR1 Package is best suited for modeling long-term changes (months to hundreds of years) in ground-water flow and solute concentrations using averaged flows in streams. The Package is not recommended for modeling the transient exchange of water between streams and aquifers when the objective is to examine short-term (minutes to days) effects caused by rapidly changing streamflows.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041042","usgsCitation":"Prudic, D.E., Konikow, L.F., and Banta, E., 2004, A new streamflow-routing (SFR1) package to simulate stream-aquifer interaction with MODFLOW-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1042, 104 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041042.","productDescription":"104 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5024,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr2004-1042/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd495ee4b0b290850ef1bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prudic, David E. deprudic@usgs.gov","contributorId":3430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prudic","given":"David","email":"deprudic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Banta, Edward R.","contributorId":49820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"Edward R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":57730,"text":"fs20043091 - 2004 - Linking selenium sources to ecosystems: San Francisco Bay-Delta Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T16:53:38","indexId":"fs20043091","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3091","title":"Linking selenium sources to ecosystems: San Francisco Bay-Delta Model","docAbstract":"Marine sedimentary rocks of the Coast Ranges contribute selenium to soil, surface water, and ground water in the western San Joaquin Valley, California. Irrigation funnels selenium into a network of subsurface drains and canals. Proposals to build a master drain (i.e., San Luis Drain) to discharge into the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary remain as controversial today as they were in the 1950s, when drainage outside the San Joaquin Valley was first considered. An existing 85-mile portion of the San Luis Drain was closed in 1986 after fish mortality and deformities in ducks, grebes and coots were discovered at Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge, the temporary terminus of the drain. A 28-mile portion of the drain now conveys drainage from 100,000 acres into the San Joaquin River and eventually into the Bay-Delta. If the San Luis Drain is extended directly to the Bay-Delta, as is now being proposed as an alternative to sustain agriculture, it could receive drainage from an estimated one-million acres of farmland affected by rising water tables and increasing salinity. In addition to agricultural sources, oil refineries also discharge selenium to the Bay-Delta, although those discharges have declined in recent years. To understand the effects of changing selenium inputs, scientists have developed the Bay-Delta Selenium Model.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20043091","usgsCitation":"Presser, T.S., and Luoma, S.N., 2004, Linking selenium sources to ecosystems: San Francisco Bay-Delta Model: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3091, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043091.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5981,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs2004-3091/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":338509,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3091/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":338426,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3091/pdf/FS2004-3091.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2004-3091"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.211669921875,\n 37.34395908944491\n ],\n [\n -120.73974609374999,\n 37.34395908944491\n ],\n [\n -120.73974609374999,\n 38.40194908237822\n ],\n [\n -123.211669921875,\n 38.40194908237822\n ],\n [\n -123.211669921875,\n 37.34395908944491\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a5082","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Presser, Theresa S. 0000-0001-5643-0147 tpresser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-0147","contributorId":2467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"Theresa","email":"tpresser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":54146,"text":"sir20045046 - 2004 - Hydrologic and geochemical evaluation of aquifer storage recovery in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo Aquifer, Charleston, South Carolina, 1998-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T15:42:11","indexId":"sir20045046","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5046","displayTitle":"Hydrologic and Geochemical Evaluation of Aquifer Storage Recovery in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo Aquifer, Charleston, South Carolina, 1998-2002","title":"Hydrologic and geochemical evaluation of aquifer storage recovery in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo Aquifer, Charleston, South Carolina, 1998-2002","docAbstract":"The hydrologic and geochemical effects of aquifer storage recovery were evaluated to determine the potential for supplying the city of Charleston, South Carolina, with large quantities of potable water during emergencies, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, or hard freezes. An aquifer storage recovery system, including a production well and three observation wells, was installed at a site located on the Charleston peninsula. The focus of this study was the 23.2-meter thick Tertiary-age carbonate and sand aquifer of the Santee Limestone and the Black Mingo Group, the northernmost equivalent of the Floridan aquifer system. Four cycles of injection, storage, and recovery were conducted between October 1999 and February 2002. Each cycle consisted of injecting between 6.90 and 7.19 million liters of water for storage periods of 1, 3, or 6 months. The volume of recovered water that did not exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary standard for chloride (250 milligrams per liter) varied from 1.48 to 2.46 million liters, which is equivalent to 21 and 34 percent of the total volume injected for the individual tests. Aquifer storage recovery testing occurred within two productive zones of the brackish Santee Limestone/Black Mingo aquifer. The individual productive zones were determined to be approximately 2 to 4 meters thick, based on borehole geophysical logs, electromagnetic flow-meter testing, and specific-conductance profiles collected within the observation wells. A transmissivity and storage coefficient of 37 meters squared per day and 3 x 10-5, respectively, were determined for the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo aquifer. Water-quality and sediment samples collected during this investigation documented baseline aquifer and injected water quality, aquifer matrix composition, and changes in injected/aquifer water quality during injection, storage, and recovery. A total of 193 water-quality samples were collected and analyzed for physical properties, major and minor ions, and nutrients. The aquifer and treated surface water were sodiumchloride and calcium/sodium-bicarbonate water types, respectively. Forty-five samples were collected and analyzed for total trihalomethane. Total trihalomethane data collected during aquifer storage recovery cycle 4 indicated that this constituent would not restrict the use of recovered water for drinking-water purposes. Analysis of six sediment samples collected from a cored well located near the aquifer storage recovery site showed that quartz and calcite were the dominant minerals in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo aquifer. Estimated cation exchange capacity ranged from 12 to 36 milliequivalents per 100 grams in the lower section of the aquifer. A reactive transport model was developed that included two 2-meter thick layers to describe each of the production zones. The four layers composing the production zones were assigned porosities ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 and hydraulic conductivities ranging from 1 to 8.4 meters per day. Specific storage of the aquifer and confining units was estimated to be 1.5 x 10-5 meter-1. Longitudinal dispersivity of all layers was specified to be 0.5 meter. Leakage through the confining unit was estimated to be minimal and, therefore, not used in the reactive transport modeling. Inverse geochemical modeling indicates that mixing, cation exchange, and calcite dissolution are the dominant reactions that occur during aquifer storage recovery testing in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo aquifer. Potable water injected into the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo aquifer evolved chemically by mixing with brackish background water and reaction with calcite and cation exchangers in the sediment. Reactive-transport model simulations indicated that the calcite and exchange reactions could be treated as equilibrium processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045046","usgsCitation":"Petkewich, M.D., Parkhurst, D.L., Conlon, K.J., Campbell, B.G., and Mirecki, J.E., 2004, Hydrologic and geochemical evaluation of aquifer storage recovery in the Santee Limestone/Black Mingo Aquifer, Charleston, South Carolina, 1998-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5046, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045046.","productDescription":"92 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5592,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045046/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Charleston","otherGeospatial":"Santee Limestone/Black Mingo Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.6451416015625,\n 32.41706632846282\n ],\n [\n -80.6451416015625,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -79.31579589843749,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -79.31579589843749,\n 32.41706632846282\n ],\n [\n -80.6451416015625,\n 32.41706632846282\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6118d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petkewich, Matthew D. 0000-0002-5749-6356 mdpetkew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5749-6356","contributorId":982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"Matthew","email":"mdpetkew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conlon, Kevin J. 0000-0003-0798-368X kjconlon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-368X","contributorId":2561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"Kevin","email":"kjconlon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":249328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, Bruce G. 0000-0003-4800-6674 bcampbel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-6674","contributorId":995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Bruce","email":"bcampbel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mirecki, June E.","contributorId":93577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirecki","given":"June","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":57816,"text":"sir20045077 - 2004 - Simulated effects of impoundment of lake seminole on ground-water flow in the upper Floridan Aquifer in southwestern Georgia and adjacent parts of Alabama and Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T08:41:43","indexId":"sir20045077","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5077","title":"Simulated effects of impoundment of lake seminole on ground-water flow in the upper Floridan Aquifer in southwestern Georgia and adjacent parts of Alabama and Florida","docAbstract":"Hydrologic implications of the impoundment of Lake Seminole in southwest Georgia and its effect on components of the surface- and ground-water flow systems of the lower Apalachicola?Chattahoochee?Flint (ACF) River Basin were investigated using a ground-water model. Comparison of simulation results of postimpoundment drought conditions (October 1986) with results of hypothetical preimpoundment conditions (a similar drought prior to 1955) provides a qualitative measure of the changes in hydraulic head and ground-water flow to and from streams and Lake Seminole, and across State lines caused by the impoundment.\r\n\r\nBased on the simulation results, the impoundment of Lake Seminole changed ground-water flow directions within about 20?30 miles of the lake, reducing the amount of ground water flowing from Florida to Georgia southeast of the lake. Ground-water storage was increased by the impoundment, as indicated by a simulated increase of as much as 26 feet in the water level in the Upper Floridan aquifer. The impoundment of Lake Seminole caused changes to simulated components of the ground-water budget, including reduced discharge from the Upper Floridan aquifer to streams (315 million gallons per day); reduced recharge from or increased discharge to regional ground-water flow at external model boundaries (totaling 183 million gallons per day); and reduced recharge from or increased discharge to the undifferentiated overburden (totaling 129 million gallons per day).","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045077","usgsCitation":"Jones, L.E., and Torak, L.J., 2004, Simulated effects of impoundment of lake seminole on ground-water flow in the upper Floridan Aquifer in southwestern Georgia and adjacent parts of Alabama and Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5077, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045077.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5794,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5077/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Upper Floridan Aquifer ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.385498046875,\n 29.017748018496047\n ],\n [\n -86.385498046875,\n 33.4955977448657\n ],\n [\n -82.72705078125,\n 33.4955977448657\n ],\n [\n -82.72705078125,\n 29.017748018496047\n ],\n [\n -86.385498046875,\n 29.017748018496047\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6984d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, L. Elliott 0000-0002-7394-2053 lejones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7394-2053","contributorId":44569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"L.","email":"lejones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Elliott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torak, Lynn J. ljtorak@usgs.gov","contributorId":401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torak","given":"Lynn","email":"ljtorak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":57818,"text":"pp1422A - 2004 - Summary of the hydrogeology of the Valley and Ridge, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Physiographic Provinces in the eastern United States","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":57818,"text":"pp1422A - 2004 - Summary of the hydrogeology of the Valley and Ridge, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Physiographic Provinces in the eastern United States","indexId":"pp1422A","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Summary of the hydrogeology of the Valley and Ridge, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Physiographic Provinces in the eastern United States"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70189801,"text":"pp1422 - 2004 - Regional Aquifer-System Analysis— Appalachian Valley and Piedmont","indexId":"pp1422","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Regional Aquifer-System Analysis— Appalachian Valley and Piedmont"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70189801,"text":"pp1422 - 2004 - Regional Aquifer-System Analysis— Appalachian Valley and Piedmont","indexId":"pp1422","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Regional Aquifer-System Analysis— Appalachian Valley and Piedmont"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T12:52:02","indexId":"pp1422A","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1422","chapter":"A","title":"Summary of the hydrogeology of the Valley and Ridge, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Physiographic Provinces in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"The Appalachian Valley and Piedmont Regional Aquifer-System Analysis study (1988-1993) analyzed rock types in the 142,000-square-mile study area, identified hydrogeologic terranes, determined transmissivity distributions, determined the contribution of ground water to streamflow, modeled ground-water flow, described water quality, and identified areas suitable for the potential development of municipal and industrial ground-water supplies. Ground-water use in the Valley and Ridge, the Blue Ridge, and the Piedmont Physiographic Provinces exceeds 1.7 billion gallons per day.
Thirty-three rock types in the study area were analyzed, and the rock types with similar water-yielding characteristics were combined and mapped as 10 hydrogeologic terranes. Based on well records, the interquartile ranges of estimated transmissivities are between 180 to 17,000 feet squared per day (ft2/d) for five hydrologic terranes in the Valley and Ridge; between 9 to 350 ft2/d for two terranes in the Blue Ridge; and between 9 to 1,400 ft2/d for three terranes in the Piedmont Physiographic Province. Based on streamflow records, the interquartile ranges of estimated transmissivities for all three physiographic provinces are between 290 and 2,900 ft2/d. The mean ground-water contribution to streams from 157 drainage basins ranges from 32 to 94 percent of mean streamflow with a median of 67 percent. In three small areas in two of the physiographic provinces, more than 54 percent of ground-water flow was modeled as shallow and local. Although ground-water chemical composition in the three physiographic provinces is distinctly different, the water generally is not highly mineralized, with a median dissolved-solids concentration of 164 milligrams per liter, and is mostly calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. Based on aquifer properties and current pumpage, areas favorable for the development of municipal and industrial ground-water supplies are underlain by alluvium of glacial origin near the northeastern part of the study area, by clay-free carbonate rocks primarily in the Valley and Ridge Physiographic Province, and by siliciclastic rocks in the three northernmost Mesozoic basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1422A","usgsCitation":"Swain, L.A., Mesko, T.O., and Hollyday, E.F., 2004, Summary of the hydrogeology of the Valley and Ridge, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Physiographic Provinces in the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1422, vi, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1422A.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5796,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1422A/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":344113,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1422A/PDF/pp1422A.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.07 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.916015625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -75.0146484375,\n 41.68932225997044\n ],\n [\n -75.34423828125,\n 41.88592102814744\n ],\n [\n -75.87158203125,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -76.75048828125,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -78.24462890625,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -80.04638671875,\n 39.8928799002948\n ],\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 39.07890809706475\n ],\n [\n -82.5732421875,\n 37.38761749978395\n ],\n [\n -84.48486328124999,\n 36.686041276581925\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -86.15478515625,\n 36.2265501474709\n ],\n [\n -87.07763671875,\n 35.817813158696616\n ],\n [\n -87.64892578125,\n 35.31736632923788\n ],\n [\n -87.69287109375,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -87.73681640625,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -87.56103515625,\n 33.247875947924385\n ],\n [\n -87.20947265625,\n 32.84267363195431\n ],\n [\n -86.33056640625,\n 32.91648534731439\n ],\n [\n -84.287109375,\n 33.44977658311846\n ],\n [\n -81.93603515625,\n 34.415973384481866\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 35.62158189955968\n ],\n [\n -79.013671875,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -77.62939453125,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -76.79443359375,\n 39.36827914916014\n ],\n [\n -75.78369140625,\n 39.757879992021756\n ],\n [\n -75.3662109375,\n 39.9434364619742\n ],\n [\n -74.68505859374999,\n 40.212440718286466\n ],\n [\n -74.15771484375,\n 40.66397287638688\n ],\n [\n -73.916015625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db69814e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swain, Lindsay A.","contributorId":7323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mesko, Thomas O.","contributorId":81498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesko","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hollyday, Este F.","contributorId":27089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollyday","given":"Este","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":57865,"text":"sir20045172 - 2004 - Investigation of hydroacoustic flow-monitoring alternatives at the Sacramento River at Freeport, California: results of the 2002-2004 pilot study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:02","indexId":"sir20045172","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5172","title":"Investigation of hydroacoustic flow-monitoring alternatives at the Sacramento River at Freeport, California: results of the 2002-2004 pilot study","docAbstract":"The Sacramento River at Freeport is a tidally affected channel approximately 620 feet wide located at the northern boundary of the Sacramento?San Joaquin River Delta, California. In 1978, an acoustic velocity meter was installed at Freeport to monitor the flow. The acoustic velocity meter was calibrated successfully and has been used continuously since that time. Although the calibration has been extremely stable, an increasing number of maintenance problems prompted a search for alternatives to monitor discharge at this location. Two sideward-looking acoustic Doppler velocity meters were tested in a pilot study from 2002-2004: a short-range system and a long-range system. The pilot study was conducted over a wide range of hydrologic conditions and both sideward-l-ooking acoustic Doppler velocity meters have performed well at this location and have been calibrated successfully. As of February 2004, the short-range system had a robust calibration and a higher data-recovery rate, therefore, it was selected as the primary replacement of the acoustic velocity meter, with the long-range system providing real-time data redundancy to minimize data loss.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045172","usgsCitation":"Ruhl, C., and DeRose, J.B., 2004, Investigation of hydroacoustic flow-monitoring alternatives at the Sacramento River at Freeport, California: results of the 2002-2004 pilot study: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5172, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045172.","productDescription":"25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5803,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5172/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47dae4b07f02db4b64c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruhl, Catherine A. 0000-0002-7989-8815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7989-8815","contributorId":53414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"Catherine A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeRose, James B.","contributorId":45780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeRose","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":54269,"text":"sir20045066 - 2004 - Summary and Comparison of Multiphase Streambed Scour Analysis at Selected Bridge Sites in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-21T13:44:04","indexId":"sir20045066","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5066","title":"Summary and Comparison of Multiphase Streambed Scour Analysis at Selected Bridge Sites in Alaska","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities undertook a cooperative multiphase study of streambed scour at selected bridges in Alaska beginning in 1994. Of the 325 bridges analyzed for susceptibility to scour in the preliminary phase, 54 bridges were selected for a more intensive analysis that included site investigations. Cross-section geometry and hydraulic properties for each site in this study were determined from field surveys and bridge plans. Water-surface profiles were calculated for the 100- and 500-year floods using the Hydrologic Engineering Center?s River Analysis System and scour depths were calculated using methods recommended by the Federal Highway Administration.\r\n\r\nComputed contraction-scour depths for the 100- and 500-year recurrence-interval discharges exceeded 5 feet at six bridges, and pier-scour depths exceeded 10 feet at 24 bridges. Complex pier-scour computations were made at 10 locations where the computed contraction-scour depths would expose pier footings. Pressure scour was evaluated at three bridges where the modeled flood water-surface elevations intersected the bridge structure.\r\n\r\nSite investigation at the 54 scour-critical bridges was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the preliminary scour analysis. Values for channel-flow angle of attack and approach-channel width were estimated from bridge survey plans for the preliminary study and were measured during a site investigation for this study. These two variables account for changes in scour depths between the preliminary analysis and subsequent reanalysis for most sites. Site investigation is needed for best estimates of scour at bridges with survey plans that indicate a channel-flow angle of attack and for locations where survey plans did not include sufficient channel geometry upstream of the bridge.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045066","usgsCitation":"Conaway, J.S., 2004, Summary and Comparison of Multiphase Streambed Scour Analysis at Selected Bridge Sites in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5066, 34 p.; 10 illus.; 8 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045066.","productDescription":"34 p.; 10 illus.; 8 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5381,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045066","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699703","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conaway, Jeffrey S. 0000-0002-3036-592X jconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":2026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57797,"text":"ofr20041230 - 2004 - Data from channel-change monitoring at selected sites in Maricopa County, Arizona, 1997-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:20","indexId":"ofr20041230","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1230","title":"Data from channel-change monitoring at selected sites in Maricopa County, Arizona, 1997-2002","docAbstract":"Stream channels in arid regions are subject to a wide range of hydrologic, hydraulic, and sedimentary conditions. These channels often are dry or have little streamflow most of the time, and the few flows that do occur can cause substantial changes to the channel and flood plain. Because floods in arid regions are often flashy, and many gaging stations are in remote areas, hydrographers must rely on indirect measurements of streamflow. Channel change is important because one major assumption necessary for indirect measurements of discharge is that the channel conditions after the flood represent the conditions during the peak discharge.\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Flood Control District of Maricopa County, is monitoring selected perennial and ephemeral streams within Maricopa County, Arizona, to track the amount and variability of channel change. This report contains basic data from surveys of monumented cross sections conducted from 1997 through 2002. The amount of change varied widely from channel to channel, and the largest geomorphic change occurred in conjunction with peak flows above the 10-year recurrence interval.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041230","usgsCitation":"O’Day, C.M., 2004, Data from channel-change monitoring at selected sites in Maricopa County, Arizona, 1997-2002 (Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1230, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041230.","productDescription":"61 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5757,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr20041230/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c895","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Day, Christine M.","contributorId":87625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Day","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54029,"text":"wri034047 - 2004 - Development and Application of Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for Estimating Atrazine Concentration Distributions in Streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:55","indexId":"wri034047","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4047","title":"Development and Application of Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for Estimating Atrazine Concentration Distributions in Streams","docAbstract":"Regression models were developed for predicting atrazine concentration distributions in rivers and streams, using the Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) methodology. Separate regression equations were derived for each of nine percentiles of the annual distribution of atrazine concentrations and for the annual time-weighted mean atrazine concentration. In addition, seasonal models were developed for two specific periods of the year--the high season, when the highest atrazine concentrations are expected in streams, and the low season, when concentrations are expected to be low or undetectable. Various nationally available watershed parameters were used as explanatory variables, including atrazine use intensity, soil characteristics, hydrologic parameters, climate and weather variables, land use, and agricultural management practices. Concentration data from 112 river and stream stations sampled as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment and National Stream Quality Accounting Network Programs were used for computing the concentration percentiles and mean concentrations used as the response variables in regression models. Tobit regression methods, using maximum likelihood estimation, were used for developing the models because some of the concentration values used for the response variables were censored (reported as less than a detection threshold). Data from 26 stations not used for model development were used for model validation.\r\n\r\n The annual models accounted for 62 to 77 percent of the variability in concentrations among the 112 model development stations. Atrazine use intensity (the amount of atrazine used in the watershed divided by watershed area) was the most important explanatory variable in all models, but additional watershed parameters significantly increased the amount of variability explained by the models. Predicted concentrations from all 10 models were within a factor of 10 of the observed concentrations at most model development and model validation stations. Results for the two sets of seasonal models were similar. Concentration distributions derived from the seasonal-model predictions provided additional information compared to distributions derived from the annual models.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034047","usgsCitation":"Larson, S., Crawford, C.G., and Gilliom, R.J., 2004, Development and Application of Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for Estimating Atrazine Concentration Distributions in Streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4047, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034047.","productDescription":"81 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5472,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6672d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Steven J.","contributorId":29845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":57790,"text":"sir20045027 - 2004 - Ground-water flow direction, water quality, recharge sources, and age, Great Sand Dunes National Monument, south-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T15:54:23","indexId":"sir20045027","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5027","displayTitle":"Ground-Water Flow Direction, Water Quality, Recharge Sources, and Age, Great Sand Dunes National Monument, South-Central Colorado, 2000-2001","title":"Ground-water flow direction, water quality, recharge sources, and age, Great Sand Dunes National Monument, south-central Colorado","docAbstract":"Great Sand Dunes National Monument is located in south-central Colorado along the eastern edge of the San Luis Valley. The Great Sand Dunes National Monument contains the tallest sand dunes in North America; some rise up to750 feet. Important ecological features of the Great Sand Dunes National Monument are palustrine wetlands associated with interdunal ponds and depressions along the western edge of the dune field. The existence and natural maintenance of the dune field and the interdunal ponds are dependent on maintaining ground-water levels at historic elevations. To address these concerns, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a study, in collaboration with the National Park Service, of ground-water flow direction, water quality, recharge sources, and age at the Great Sand Dunes National Monument. \r\n\r\nA shallow unconfined aquifer and a deeper confined aquifer are the two principal aquifers at the Great Sand Dunes National Monument. Ground water in the unconfined aquifer is recharged from Medano and Sand Creeks near the Sangre de Cristo Mountain front, flows underneath the main dune field, and discharges to Big and Little Spring Creeks. The percentage of calcium in ground water in the unconfined aquifer decreases and the percentage of sodium increases because of ionic exchange with clay minerals as the ground water flows underneath the dune field. It takes more than 60 years for the ground water to flow from Medano and Sand Creeks to Big and Little Spring Creeks. During this time, ground water in the upper part of the unconfined aquifer is recharged by numerous precipitation events. Evaporation of precipitation during recharge prior to reaching the water table causes enrichment in deuterium (2H) and oxygen-18 (18O) relative to waters that are not evaporated. This recharge from precipitation events causes the apparent ages determined using chlorofluorocarbons and tritium to become younger, because relatively young precipitation water is mixing with older waters derived from Medano and Sand Creeks. \r\n\r\nMajor ion chemistry of water from sites completed in the confined aquifer is different than water from sites completed in the unconfined aquifer, but insufficient data exist to quantify if the two aquifers are hydrologically disconnected. Radiocarbon dating of ground water in the confined aquifer indicates it is about 30,000 years old (plus or minus 3,000 years). The peak of the last major ice advance (Wisconsin) during the ice age occurred about 20,000 years before present; ground water from the confined aquifer is much older than that. Water quality and water levels of the interdunal ponds are not affected by waters from the confined aquifer. Instead, the interdunal ponds are affected directly by fluctuations in the water table of the unconfined aquifer. Any lowering of the water table of the unconfined aquifer would result in an immediate decrease in water levels of the interdunal ponds. The water quality of the interdunal ponds probably results from several factors, including the water quality of the unconfined aquifer, evaporation of the pond water, and biologic activity within the ponds.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045027","usgsCitation":"Rupert, M.G., and Plummer, N., 2004, Ground-water flow direction, water quality, recharge sources, and age, Great Sand Dunes National Monument, south-central Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5027, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045027.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5751,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5027/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":184825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dunes National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 37.622933594900864\n ],\n [\n -105.44128417968749,\n 37.622933594900864\n ],\n [\n -105.44128417968749,\n 37.93986540897977\n ],\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 37.93986540897977\n ],\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 37.622933594900864\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699765","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":57930,"text":"sir20045130 - 2004 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the Cedar River alluvial aquifer flow system, Cedar Rapids, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-03T12:20:13","indexId":"sir20045130","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5130","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the Cedar River alluvial aquifer flow system, Cedar Rapids, Iowa","docAbstract":"The Cedar River alluvial aquifer is the primary source of municipal water in the Cedar Rapids, Iowa, area. Since 1992, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Cedar Rapids, has investigated the hydrogeology and water quality of the Cedar River alluvial aquifer. This report describes a detailed analysis of the ground-water flow system in the alluvial aquifer, particularly near well field areas.
\nThe ground-water flow system in the Cedar Rapids area consists of two main components, the unconsolidated Quaternary deposits and the underlying carbonate bedrock that has a variable fracture density. Quaternary deposits consist of eolian sand, loess, alluvium, and glacial till. Devonian and Silurian bedrock aquifers overlie the Maquoketa Shale (Formation) of Ordovician age, a regional confining unit.
\nGround-water and surface-water data were collected during the study to better define the hydrogeology of the Cedar River alluvial aquifer and Devonian and Silurian aquifers. Stream stage and discharge, ground-water levels, and estimates of aquifer hydraulic properties were used to develop a conceptual ground-water flow model and to construct and calibrate a model of the flow system. This model was used to quantify the movement of water between the various components of the aluvial aquifer flow system and provide an improved understanding of the hydrology of the alluvial aquifer.
\nGround-water flow was simulated for the Cedar River alluvial aquifer and the Devonian and Silurian aquifers using the three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model MODFLOW. The model was discretized into 223 rows and 354 columns of cells. Areal cell sizes range from about 50 feet on a side near the Cedar River and the Cedar Rapids municipal wells to 1,500 feet on a side near the model boundaries and farthest away from the Cedar Rapids municipal well fields. The model is separated into five layers to account for the various hydrogeologic units in the model area.
\nModel results indicate that the primary sources of inflow to the modeled area are infiltration from the Cedar River (53.0 percent) and regional flow in the glacial and bedrock materials (34.1 percent). The primary sources of outflow from the modeled area are discharge to the Cedar River (45.4 percent) and pumpage (44.8 percent). Current steady-state pumping rates have increased the flow of water from the Cedar River to the alluvial aquifer by 43.8 cubic feet per second. Steady-state and transient hypothetical pumpage scenarios were used to show the relation between changes in pumpage and changes in infiltration of water from the Cedar River. Results indicate that more than 99 percent of the water discharging from municipal wells infiltrates from the Cedar River, that the time required for induced river recharge to equilibrate with municipal pumpage may be 150 days or more, and that ground-water availability in the Cedar Rapids area will not be significantly affected by doubling current pumpage as long as there is sufficient flow in the Cedar River to provide recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20045130","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Cedar Rapids","usgsCitation":"Turco, M.J., and Buchmiller, R.C., 2004, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Cedar River alluvial aquifer flow system, Cedar Rapids, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5130, 39 p.; 15 figs.; 9 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045130.","productDescription":"39 p.; 15 figs.; 9 tables","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":182151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5872,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045130/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"Cedar Rapids","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.71833038330078,\n 42.05031239367958\n ],\n [\n -91.80416107177734,\n 41.99241540282406\n ],\n [\n -91.70459747314452,\n 41.92501515881273\n ],\n [\n -91.6208267211914,\n 41.98297345197973\n ],\n [\n -91.71833038330078,\n 42.05031239367958\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Description of Study Area
Acknowledgments
Methods of Investigation
Surface-Water Measurements
Well Construction and Nomenclature
Ground-Water Measurements
Aquifer Properties
Hydrogeology
Geology and Water-Bearing Characteristics
Surface Water
Ground Water
Simulation of Ground-Water Flow
Model Description and Boundary Conditions
Model Parameters
Model Calibration
Steady-State Calibration
Transient Calibration
Sensitivity Analysis
Model Limitations
Steady-State Results and Hypothetical Pumping Scenarios
Transient Results and Hypothetical Pumping Scenarios
Summary
References
Increasingly, many local, state, and federal agencies mandated to manage water resources are finding that their needs are not being met by existing digital data sets. Current national coverage of digital data sets, such as drainage basin boundaries and consistent elevation-derived parameters, does not exist or is not of a suitable scale or consistency to allow management of small or midsize watersheds. This problem has become more significant as the management of water resources, both in terms of quantity and quality, is becoming more and more based on the watershed scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"ESRI","usgsCitation":"Franken, S.K., 2004, The USGS/EROS Data Center produces seamless hydrologic derivatives with GIS: ArcNews, v. Fall, p. 8-14.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311293,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.esri.com/news/arcnews/fall04articles/usgs-eros.html"}],"volume":"Fall","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564717e2e4b0e2669b313131","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franken, Sandra K. 0000-0002-2846-6836","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-6836","contributorId":149840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franken","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70121492,"text":"70121492 - 2004 - Studying ground water under Delmarva coastal bays using electrical resistivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T13:19:42","indexId":"70121492","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-22T10:40:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studying ground water under Delmarva coastal bays using electrical resistivity","docAbstract":"Fresh ground water is widely distributed in subsurface sediments below the coastal bays of the Delmarva Peninsula (Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia). These conditions were revealed by nearly 300 km of streamer resistivity surveys, utilizing a towed multichannel cable system. Zones of high resistivity displayed by inversion modeling were confirmed by vibradrilling investigations to correspond to fresh ground water occurrences. Fresh water lenses extended from a few hundred meters up to 2 km from shore. Along the western margins of coastal bays in areas associated with fine-grained surficial sediments, high-resistivity layers were widespread and were especially pronounced near tidal creeks. Fresh ground water layers were less common along the eastern barrier-bar margins of the bays, where sediments were typically sandy. Mid-bay areas in Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, did not show evidence of fresh water. Indian River Bay, Delaware, showed complex subsurface salinity relationships, including an area with possible hypersaline brines. The new streamer resistivity system paired with vibradrilling in these investigations provides a powerful approach to recovering information required for extension of hydrologic modeling of shallow coastal aquifer systems into offshore areas.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02643.x","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F., Krantz, D.E., and Bratton, J.F., 2004, Studying ground water under Delmarva coastal bays using electrical resistivity: Ground Water, v. 42, no. 7, p. 1052-1068, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02643.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1052","endPage":"1068","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02643.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":292853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.419907,37.865355 ], [ -75.419907,38.820557 ], [ -75.069246,38.820557 ], [ -75.069246,37.865355 ], [ -75.419907,37.865355 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"42","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f85991e4b03f038c5c192e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":45294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank T.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krantz, David E.","contributorId":9238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krantz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bratton, John F. 0000-0003-0376-4981 jbratton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-4981","contributorId":92757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"John","email":"jbratton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70169930,"text":"70169930 - 2004 - Pesticide degradates: Monitoring and occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-06T12:03:56.66115","indexId":"70169930","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Pesticide degradates: Monitoring and occurrence","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of International symposium on pesticides, their degradates, and adjuvants","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International symposium on pesticides, their degradates, and adjuvants","conferenceDate":"June 4, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Prague, Czech Republic","language":"English","publisher":"Cranfield University","publisherLocation":"Prague, Czech Republic","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D., Battaglin, W., Meyer, M.T., Schnoebelen, D., and Kalkhoff, S., 2004, Pesticide degradates: Monitoring and occurrence, in Proceedings of International symposium on pesticides, their degradates, and adjuvants, Prague, Czech Republic, June 4, 2004.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fd01a0e4b0a6037df2c93d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battaglin, W.A.","contributorId":16376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schnoebelen, D.J.","contributorId":98352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kalkhoff, S. J.","contributorId":28967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"S. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":57162,"text":"sir20045070 - 2004 - Delineation of areas contributing recharge to selected public-supply wells in Glacial Valley-Fill and Wetland Settings, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:08","indexId":"sir20045070","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5070","title":"Delineation of areas contributing recharge to selected public-supply wells in Glacial Valley-Fill and Wetland Settings, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Areas contributing recharge and sources of water to one proposed and seven present public-supply wells, screened in sand and gravel deposits and clustered in three study areas, were determined on the basis of calibrated, steady-state ground-water-flow models representing average hydrologic conditions. The area contributing recharge to a well is defined as the surface area where water recharges the ground water and then flows toward and discharges to the well.\r\n\r\nIn Cumberland and Lincoln, public-supply well fields on opposite sides of the Blackstone River are in a narrow valley bordered by steep hillslopes. Ground-water-level and river-stage measurements indicated that river water was infiltrating the aquifer and flowing toward the wells during pumping conditions. Simulated areas contributing recharge to the Cumberland well field operating alone for both average (324 gallons per minute) and maximum (1,000 gallons per minute) pumping rates extend on both sides of the river to the lateral model boundaries, which is the contact between the valley and uplands. The area contributing recharge at the average pumping rate is about 0.05 square mile and the well field derives 72 percent of pumped water from upland runoff. At the maximum pumping rate, the area contributing recharge extends farther up and down the valley to 0.12 square mile and the primary source of water to the well field was infiltrated river water (53 percent). Upland areas draining toward the areas contributing recharge encompass 0.58 and 0.66 square mile for the average and maximum rates, respectively. By incorporating the backup Lincoln well-field withdrawals (2,083 gallons per minute) into the model, the area contributing recharge to the Cumberland well field operating at its maximum rate is reduced to 0.08 square mile; part of the simulated area which contributes recharge to the Cumberland well field when it is operating alone contributes instead to the Lincoln well field when both well fields are pumped. The Cumberland well field compensates by increasing the percentage of water it withdraws from the river by 11 percent. The upland area draining toward the Cumberland contributing area is 0.55 square mile. The area contributing recharge to the Lincoln well field is 0.08 square mile and infiltrated river water contributes 88 percent of the total water; the upland area draining toward the contributing area is 0.34 square mile.\r\n\r\nIn North Smithfield, a public-supply well in a valley-fill setting is close to Trout Brook Pond, which is an extension of the Lower Slatersville Reservoir. A comparison of water levels from the pond and underlying sediments indicates that water is not infiltrated from Trout Brook Pond when the supply well is pumped at its maximum rate of 200 gallons per minute. Simulated areas contributing recharge for the maximum pumping rate and for the estimated maximum yield, 500 gallons per minute, of a proposed replacement well extend to the ground-water divides on both sides of Trout Brook Pond. For the 200 gallons-per-minute rate, the area contributing recharge is 0.23 square mile; the well derives almost all of its water from intercepted ground water that normally discharges to surface-water bodies. For the pumping rate of 500 gallons per minute, the area contributing recharge is 0.45 square mile. The increased pumping rate is balanced by additional intercepted ground water and by inducing 25 percent of the total withdrawn water from surface water.\r\n\r\nIn Westerly, one public-supply well is in a watershed where the primarily hydrologic feature is a wetland. Water levels in piezometers surrounding the well site indicated a downward vertical gradient and the potential for water in the wetland to infiltrate the underlying aquifer. The simulated area contributing recharge for the average pumping rate (240 gallons per minute) and for the maximum pumping rate (700 gallons per minute) extends to the surrounding uplands (surficial materials not covered by t","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045070","usgsCitation":"Friesz, P.J., 2004, Delineation of areas contributing recharge to selected public-supply wells in Glacial Valley-Fill and Wetland Settings, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5070, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045070.","productDescription":"57 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5640,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5070/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":122868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2004_5070.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671c9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesz, Paul J. 0000-0002-4660-2336 pfriesz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4660-2336","contributorId":1075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friesz","given":"Paul","email":"pfriesz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":256300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55231,"text":"sir20045043 - 2004 - Hydrology and ground-water quality in the mine workings within the Picher Mining District, Northeastern Oklahoma, 2002-03","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-27T06:15:00","indexId":"sir20045043","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5043","displayTitle":"Hydrology and Ground-Water Quality in the Mine Workings within the Picher Mining District, Northeastern Oklahoma, 2002-03","title":"Hydrology and ground-water quality in the mine workings within the Picher Mining District, Northeastern Oklahoma, 2002-03","docAbstract":"The Picher mining district of northeastern Ottawa County, Oklahoma, was a major site of mining for lead and zinc ores in the first half of the 20th century. The primary source of lead and zinc were sulfide minerals disseminated in the cherty limestones and dolomites of the Boone Formation of Mississippian age, which comprises the Boone aquifer. Ground water in the aquifer and seeping to surface water in the district has been contaminated by sulfate, iron, lead, zinc, and several other metals. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality, investigated hydrology and ground-water quality in the mine workings in the mining district, as part of the process to aid water managers and planners in designing remediation measures that may restore the environmental quality of the district to pre-mining conditions. Most ground-water levels underlying the mining district had similar altitudes, indicating a large degree of hydraulic connection in the mine workings and overlying aquifer materials. Recharge-age dates derived from concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons and other dissolved gases indicated that water in the Boone aquifer may flow slowly from the northeast and southeast portions of the mining district. However, recharge-age dates may have been affected by the types of sites sampled, with more recent recharge-age dates being associated with mine-shafts, which are more prone to atmospheric interactions and surface runoff than the sampled airshafts. Water levels in streams upstream from the confluence of Tar and Lytle Creeks were several feet higher than those in adjacent portions of the Boone aquifer, perhaps due to low-permeability streambed sediments and indicating the streams may be losing water to the aquifer in this area. From just upstream to downstream from the confluence of Tar and Lytle Creeks, surface-water elevations in these streams were less than those in the surrounding Boone aquifer, indicating that seepage from the aquifer to downstream portions of Tar Creek was much more likely. Water properties and major-ion concentrations indicate that water in the mining area was very hard, with large concentrations of dissolved solids that increased from areas of presumed recharge toward areas with older ground water. Most of the ground-water samples, particularly those from the airshafts, had dissolved-oxygen concentrations less than 1.0 milligram per liter. Small concentrations of dissolved oxygen may have been introduced during the sampling process. The small dissolved-oxygen concentrations were associated with samples containing large iron concentrations that indicates possible anoxic conditions in much of the aquifer. Ground water in the mining district was dominated by calcium, magnesium, and sulfate. Sodium concentrations tended to increase relative to calcium and magnesium concentrations. Ground-water samples collected in 2002-03 had large concentrations of many trace elements. Larger concentrations of metals and sulfate occurred in ground water with smaller pHs and dissolved-oxygen concentrations. Iron was the metal with the largest concentrations in the ground-water samples, occurring at concentrations up to 115,000 micrograms per liter. Cadmium, lead, manganese, zinc, and the other analyzed metals occurred in smaller concentrations in ground water than iron. However, larger cadmium concentrations appeared to be associated with sites that have small iron concentrations and more oxygenated waters. This is noteworthy because the small sulfate and iron concentrations in these waters could lead to conclusions that the waters are less contaminated than waters with large sulfate and iron concentrations. Ground-water quality in the mining district was compared with subsets of samples collected in 1983-85 and in 2002.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045043","usgsCitation":"DeHay, K.L., Andrews, W.J., and Sughru, M.P., 2004, Hydrology and ground-water quality in the mine workings within the Picher Mining District, Northeastern Oklahoma, 2002-03: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5043, vi, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045043.","productDescription":"vi, 62 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5409,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5043/pdf/sir045043_new.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Picher Mining District","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.96788024902344,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -94.69562530517578,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -94.69562530517578,\n 36.99679466285577\n ],\n [\n -94.96788024902344,\n 36.99679466285577\n ],\n [\n -94.96788024902344,\n 36.86204269508728\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db6051b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeHay, Kelli L.","contributorId":70832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeHay","given":"Kelli","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, William J. 0000-0003-4780-8835 wandrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4780-8835","contributorId":328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"William","email":"wandrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":252970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sughru, Michael P.","contributorId":78396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sughru","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":56772,"text":"ofr20041195 - 2004 - Assigning boundary conditions to the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS) model using results from the South Florida Water Management Model (SFWMM)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T15:23:11.877988","indexId":"ofr20041195","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1195","displayTitle":"Assigning Boundary Conditions to the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS) Model Using Results from the South Florida Water Management Model (SFWMM)","title":"Assigning boundary conditions to the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS) model using results from the South Florida Water Management Model (SFWMM)","docAbstract":"The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) requires the testing and evaluation of different water-management scenarios for southern Florida. As part of CERP, the South Florida Water Management District is using its regional hydrologic model, the South Florida Water Management Model (SFWMM), to evaluate different hydrologic scenarios. The SFWMM was designed specifically for the inland freshwater areas in southern Florida, and extends only slightly into Florida Bay. Thus, the U.S. Geological Survey developed the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS) model, which is an integrated surface-water and ground-water model designed to simulate flows, stages, and salinities in the southern Everglades and Florida Bay. Modifications to the SICS boundary conditions allow the local-scale SICS model to be linked to the regional-scale SFWMM. The linked model will be used to quantify the effects of restoration alternatives on flows, stages, and salinities in the SICS area. This report describes the procedure for linking the SICS model with the SFWMM. The linkage is shown to work by comparing the results of a linked 5-year simulation with the results from a simulation in which the model boundaries are assigned using field data.
The surface-water module of the SICS model is driven by areal influences and lateral boundaries. The areal influences (wind, rainfall, and evapotranspiration) remain the same when the SICS model is modified to link to the SFWMM. Four types of lateral boundaries (discharge, water level, no flow, and salinity) are used in the SICS model. Two of three discharge boundaries (at Taylor Slough Bridge and C-111 Canal) in the current SICS model domain are converted to water-level boundaries to increase accuracy. The only change to the third discharge boundary (at Levee 31W) is that the flow data are derived from SFWMM model output instead of using measured field data flows. Three water-level boundaries are modified only by receiving their data from SFWMM model output data. Additionally, two marine water-level boundaries remain the same because the SFWMM does not include Florida Bay and, therefore, this model cannot provide input data for these boundaries. The SICS no-flow boundaries remain intact because no additional data, provided by the SFWMM, suggest that any significant flow occurs along these boundaries. The Florida Bay salinity boundary is not modified because the SFWMM does not contain any salinity data that can be used to modify the model.
The ground-water module of the SICS model contains a general-head boundary and a no-flow boundary. The general-head boundary, which extends along the edges of the wetland part of the SICS model domain, is modified by acquiring stage values from SFWMM cells that correspond in location to the SICS model cells. Values from the SFWMM cells are bilinearly interpolated and assigned to the appropriate SICS general-head boundary cells in all layers of the ground-water model. The ground-water no-flow boundary in Florida Bay is unaltered because the SFWMM does not include this area.
A 5-year simulation was developed to test the linkage of the SICS model with the SFWMM. Results from the linked model are similar to those obtained from the original SICS model in which boundaries are assigned using field data. The simulated discharges at the coastal creeks along Florida Bay are about 5 percent lower than the field data simulation; water levels in the wetlands are about 4 percent lower, and salinities at the various coastal creeks are slightly higher.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041195","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystem Science Program and the National Park Service Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative","usgsCitation":"Wolfert, M.A., Langevin, C.D., and Swain, E.D., 2004, Assigning Boundary Conditions to the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS) Model Using Results from the South Florida Water Management Model (SFWMM): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004–1195, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041195.","productDescription":"30 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5658,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1195/ofr20041195.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2004-1195"},{"id":174732,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1195/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.9892816941955,\n 28.487641299054857\n ],\n [\n -82.9892816941955,\n 24.445600274225853\n ],\n [\n -79.75370447011599,\n 24.445600274225853\n ],\n [\n -79.75370447011599,\n 28.487641299054857\n ],\n [\n -82.9892816941955,\n 28.487641299054857\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20043057","usgsCitation":"Stollenwerk, K.G., and Colman, J.A., 2004, Natural remediation of arsenic contaminated ground water associated with landfill leachate: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3057, HTML, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043057.","productDescription":"HTML","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5737,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs2004-3057/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3057.bmp"}],"scale":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698107","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":257770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colman, John A. 0000-0001-9327-0779 jacolman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-0779","contributorId":2098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"John","email":"jacolman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":56767,"text":"ofr20041236 - 2004 - Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 1. Depth to bedrock determinations using shallow seismic data acquired in the Straight Creek drainage near Red River, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T19:23:26.411193","indexId":"ofr20041236","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1236","displayTitle":"Questa Baseline and Pre-Mining Ground-Water Quality Investigation. 1. Depth to Bedrock Determinations Using Shallow Seismic Data Acquired in the Straight Creek Drainage Near Red River, New Mexico","title":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 1. Depth to bedrock determinations using shallow seismic data acquired in the Straight Creek drainage near Red River, New Mexico","docAbstract":"In late May and early June of 2002, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) acquired four P-wave seismic profiles across the Straight Creek drainage near Red River, New Mexico. The data were acquired to support a larger effort to investigate baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality in the Red River basin (Nordstrom and others, 2002). For ground-water flow modeling, knowledge of the thickness of the valley fill material above the bedrock is required. When curved-ray refraction tomography was used with the seismic first arrival times, the resulting images of interval velocity versus depth clearly show a sharp velocity contrast where the bedrock interface is expected. The images show that the interpreted buried bedrock surface is neither smooth nor sharp, but it is clearly defined across the valley along the seismic line profiles. The bedrock models defined by the seismic refraction images are consistent with the well data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041236","usgsCitation":"Powers, M.H., and Burton, B., 2004, Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 1. Depth to bedrock determinations using shallow seismic data acquired in the Straight Creek drainage near Red River, New Mexico (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1236, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041236.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":401799,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68292.htm"},{"id":5649,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1236/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Red River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.58333333333333,36.63333333333333 ], [ -105.58333333333333,36.75 ], [ -105.33333333333333,36.75 ], [ -105.33333333333333,36.63333333333333 ], [ -105.58333333333333,36.63333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a126","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powers, Michael H. 0000-0002-4480-7856 mhpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-7856","contributorId":851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Michael","email":"mhpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":1341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany L.","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":255735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":56322,"text":"ofr20041254 - 2004 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":56322,"text":"ofr20041254 - 2004 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","indexId":"ofr20041254","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":76323,"text":"sir20055265 - 2006 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","indexId":"sir20055265","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":76323,"text":"sir20055265 - 2006 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","indexId":"sir20055265","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-09T19:26:13.548225","indexId":"ofr20041254","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1254","title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","docAbstract":"Frohner Meadows, an area of low-topographic gradient subalpine ponds and wetlands in glaciated terrane near the headwaters of Lump Gulch (a tributary of Prickly Pear Creek), is located about 15 miles west of the town of Clancy, Montana, in the Helena National Forest. Mining and ore treatment of lead-zinc-silver veins in granitic rocks of the Boulder batholith over the last 120 years from two sites (Frohner mine and the Nellie Grant mine) has resulted in accumulations of mine waste and mill tailings that have been distributed downslope and downstream by anthropogenic and natural processes. \r\nThis report presents the results of an investigation of the geochemistry of the wetlands, streams, and unconsolidated-sediment deposits and the hydrology, hydrogeology, and water quality of the area affected by these sources of ore-related metals. Ground water sampled from most shallow wells in the meadow system contained high concentrations of arsenic, exceeding the Montana numeric water-quality standard for human health. Transport of cadmium and zinc in ground water is indicated at one site near Nellie Grant Creek based on water-quality data from one well near the creek. Mill tailings deposited in upper Frohner Meadow contribute large arsenic loads to Frohner Meadows Creek; Nellie Grant Creek contributes large arsenic, cadmium, and zinc loads to upper Frohner Meadows. Concentrations of total-recoverable cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in most surface-water sites downstream from the Nellie Grant mine area exceeded Montana aquatic-life standards. Nearly all samples of surface water and ground water had neutral to slightly alkaline pH values. \r\nConcentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc in streambed sediment in the entire meadow below the mine waste and mill tailings accumulations are highly enriched relative to regional watershed-background concentrations and exceed consensus-based, probable-effects concentrations for streambed sediment at most sites. Cadmium, copper, and zinc typically are adsorbed to the surface coatings of streambed-sediment grains. Mine waste and mill tailings contain high concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in a quartz-rich matrix. Most of the waste sites that were sampled had low acid-generating capacity, although one site (fine-grained mill tailings from the Nellie Grant mine deposited in the upper part of lower Frohner Meadows) had extremely high acid-generating potential because of abundant fine-grained pyrite. \r\nTwo distinct sites were identified as metal sources based on streambed-sediment samples, cores in the meadow substrate, and mine and mill-tailings samples. The Frohner mine and mill site contribute material rich in arsenic and lead; similar material from the Nellie Grant mine and mill site is rich in cadmium and zinc.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041254","usgsCitation":"Klein, T.L., Cannon, M.R., and Fey, D.L., 2004, Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1254, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041254.","productDescription":"68 p.","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402021,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68251.htm"},{"id":5698,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1254/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Frohner Meadows area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.4333\n ],\n [\n -112.1872,\n 46.4333\n ],\n [\n -112.1872,\n 46.4539\n ],\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.4539\n ],\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.4333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab64e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Terry L. tklein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Terry","email":"tklein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, Michael R.","contributorId":37411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":56838,"text":"sir20045042 - 2004 - Hydraulic-Geometry Relations for Rivers in Coastal and Central Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:02","indexId":"sir20045042","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5042","title":"Hydraulic-Geometry Relations for Rivers in Coastal and Central Maine","docAbstract":"Hydraulic-geometry relations (curves) were derived for 15 sites on 12 rivers in coastal and central Maine on the basis of site-specific (at-a-station) hydraulic-geometry relations and hydraulic models. At-a-station hydraulic-geometry curves, expressed as well-established power functions, describe the relations between channel geometry, velocity, and flow at a given point on a river. The derived at-a-station hydraulic-geometry curves indicate that, on average, a given increase in flow at a given river cross section in the study area will be nearly equally conveyed by increases in velocity and channel cross-sectional area.\r\n\r\nRegional curves describing the bankfull streamflow and associated channel geometry as functions of drainage area were derived for use in stream-channel assessment and restoration projects specific to coastal and central Maine. Regional hydraulic-geometry curves were derived by combining hydraulic-geometry information for 15 river cross sections using bankfull flow as the common reference streamflow. The exponents of the derived regional hydraulic-geometry relations indicate that, in the downstream direction, most of the conveyance of increasing contribution of flow is accommodated by an increase in cross-sectional area?with about 50 percent of the increase in flow accommodated by an increase in channel width, and 32 percent by an increase in depth. The remaining 18 percent is accommodated by an increase in streamflow velocity.\r\n\r\nOn an annual-peak-series basis, results of this study indicate that the occurrence of bankfull streamflow for rivers in Maine is more frequent than the 1.5-year streamflow. On a flow-duration basis, bankfull streamflow for rivers in coastal and central Maine is equaled or exceeded approximately 8.1 percent of the time on mean?or about 30 days a year. Bankfull streamflow is roughly three times that of the mean annual streamflow for the sites investigated in this study. Regional climate, snowmelt hydrology, and glacial geology may play important roles in dictating the magnitude and frequency of occurrence of bankfull streamflows observed for rivers in coastal and central Maine.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045042","usgsCitation":"Dudley, R.W., 2004, Hydraulic-Geometry Relations for Rivers in Coastal and Central Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5042, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045042.","productDescription":"37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5686,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5042/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":181026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e482be4b07f02db4e816e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568 rwdudley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":2223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert","email":"rwdudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}