{"pageNumber":"2930","pageRowStart":"73225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184563,"records":[{"id":70208260,"text":"70208260 - 2002 - Mangrove ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-31T13:45:31","indexId":"70208260","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T13:39:48","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"1","title":"Mangrove ecology","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oil spills in mangroves: Planning & response considerations","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"NOAA Ocean Service","usgsCitation":"Hensel, P., Proffitt, E., and Delgado, P., 2002, Mangrove ecology, chap. 1 <i>of</i> Oil spills in mangroves: Planning & response considerations, p. 9-21.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"21","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371829,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hensel, Philippe","contributorId":26009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensel","given":"Philippe","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Proffitt, E.","contributorId":36758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delgado, P.","contributorId":221620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delgado","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70201234,"text":"70201234 - 2002 - Issues in characterizing phenology from satellite observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-13T10:05:35","indexId":"70201234","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T13:38:17","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Issues in characterizing phenology from satellite observations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Over the past decade, many investigators have published techniques for deriving phenological parameters, especially the start of the growing season (SOS), from time-series satellite imagery. The principal satellite sensor for these studies is the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR). This study investigates the characteristics of four of the primary methods for identifying SOS; maximum curvature, delayed moving average, time of greatest NDVI increase and time of half-maximum NDVI. Comparisons between the methods illustrate biases for earlier or later SOS in the various methods and a relatively low statistical relationship among all four methods (r</span><sup>2</sup><span>=.10 to .35). Our analysis indicates that each of the methods is detecting fundamentally different stages of the start of season. These stages include snow melt, initial growth of herbaceous plants and understory, and first leaf; each of which is important in determining differences in land/atmosphere interactions. Users of these types of datasets need to be aware of the different environmental conditions being measured by the various approaches and use careful judgment in selecting the proper method.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Use of Earth Observation Data for Phenological Monitoring, Ispra, Italy, 2–13 December 2002, Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"15th Conf. on Biometeorology/Aerobiology and 16th International Congress of Biometeorology","conferenceDate":"December 2-13, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Ispra, Italy","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Reed, B., and Brown, J., 2002, Issues in characterizing phenology from satellite observations, <i>in</i> Use of Earth Observation Data for Phenological Monitoring, Ispra, Italy, 2–13 December 2002, Proceedings, Ispra, Italy, December 2-13, 2002, p. 23-26.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"26","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360054,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ams.confex.com/ams/15BioAero/techprogram/paper_49501.htm"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c0b957ee4b0c53ecb2aca8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reed, B. C. 0000-0002-1132-7178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":55594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"B. C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":753354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, J.F. 0000-0002-9976-1998","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":31006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":753355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70208250,"text":"70208250 - 2002 - The development of a decision support system for prioritizing forested wetland restoration areas in the lower Yazoo River basin, Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-31T13:35:18","indexId":"70208250","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T13:17:11","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The development of a decision support system for prioritizing forested wetland restoration areas in the lower Yazoo River basin, Mississippi","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of a conference on sustainability of wetlands and water resources: How well can riverine wetlands continue to support society into the 21st century?","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"How Well Can Riverine Wetlands Continue to Support Society into the 21st Century?","conferenceDate":"May 23-26, 2000","conferenceLocation":"Oxford, MS","language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Davis, A.A., Kleiss, B., O'Hara, C., and Derby, J.S., 2002, The development of a decision support system for prioritizing forested wetland restoration areas in the lower Yazoo River basin, Mississippi, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of a conference on sustainability of wetlands and water resources: How well can riverine wetlands continue to support society into the 21st century?, p. 47-56.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"56","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":371824,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/gtr/gtr_srs050/gtr_srs050-davis01.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"lower Yazoo River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.87890625,\n              32.30570601389429\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3131103515625,\n              32.588477769459146\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.835205078125,\n              33.417687357334934\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.857177734375,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.2030029296875,\n              33.59174327144985\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.1810302734375,\n              33.06852769197118\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.131591796875,\n              32.523657815699146\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.87890625,\n              32.30570601389429\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Angela A.","contributorId":22001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleiss, Barbara A.","contributorId":87536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleiss","given":"Barbara A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Hara, Charles G.","contributorId":83911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Hara","given":"Charles G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Derby, Jennifer S.","contributorId":222092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Derby","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70205408,"text":"70205408 - 2002 - Historical trend in ice thickness on the Piscataquis River in central Maine.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-19T11:28:00","indexId":"70205408","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T12:50:11","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Historical trend in ice thickness on the Piscataquis River in central Maine.","docAbstract":"<p>We analyzed a long-term record of ice thickness on the Piscataquis River in central Maine to&nbsp;determine whether there were temporal trends that were associated with climate warming. Trends&nbsp;in ice thickness were compared and correlated with regional time series of winter air temperature,&nbsp;heating degree days (HDD) , date of river ice-out, seasonal center-of-volume date (SCVD) (date&nbsp;on which half of the stream runoff volume during the period 1 Jan and 31 May has occurred),&nbsp;water temperature, and lake ice-out date. All of these variables except lake ice-out date showed&nbsp;significant temporal trends during the 20<sup>th</sup> century. Average ice thickness around 28 Feb.&nbsp;decreased by about 23 cm from 1912 to 2001. Over the period 1900 to 1999, winter air&nbsp;temperature increased by 1.7 ˚C and HDD decreased by about 7.5%. Final ice-out date on the&nbsp;Piscataquis River occurred earlier (advanced), by 0.23 days yr<sup>–1</sup> over the period 1931 to 2002. The&nbsp;SCVD advanced by 0.11 days yr<sup>–1</sup> over the period 1903 to 2001. Ice thickness was significantly&nbsp;correlated with winter air temperature, HDD, river ice-out, and SCVD (P-value &lt; 0.01). These&nbsp;systematic temporal trends in multiple hydrologic indicator variables indicate a coherent response&nbsp;to climate forcing. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings  of the 59th Eastern Snow Conference, June 5-7, 2002, Stowe, VT","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Army Corps of Engineers","isbn":"9780920081242","usgsCitation":"Huntington, T.G., Dudley, R.W., and Hodgkins, G.A., 2002, Historical trend in ice thickness on the Piscataquis River in central Maine., <i>in</i> Proceedings  of the 59th Eastern Snow Conference, June 5-7, 2002, Stowe, VT, p. 299-312.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"312","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367484,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":367544,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.easternsnow.org/esc-2002"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Piscataquis River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568 rwdudley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":2223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert","email":"rwdudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70209291,"text":"70209291 - 2002 - SHRIMP and Conventional UPb ages of Ordovician granites and tonalites in the central Appalachian Piedmont: Implications for Paleozoic tectonic events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T12:05:25","indexId":"70209291","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:58:47","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SHRIMP and Conventional UPb ages of Ordovician granites and tonalites in the central Appalachian Piedmont: Implications for Paleozoic tectonic events","docAbstract":"<p><span>Discordant Cambrian U-Pb ages of questionable reliability for metamor-phosed plutonic rocks in the central Appalachian Piedmont of northern Virginia, Maryland, and the District of Columbia have led to different regional geologic interpretations and controversies. In this study, we use the sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) for dating 25-m diameter areas on individual zircons from Piedmont granitoids in an effort to resolve previous controversial ages. Cathodoluminescence images of zoning within the zircons are used to select pristine areas of cores and overgrowths for dating and to help interpret the results. For comparison, hand-picked fractions of zircons from most of the samples were also dated by the conventional isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) U-Pb method. The combined SHRIMP and TIMS results of this study demonstrate that the Dale City Quartz Monzonite, Norbeck Intrusive Suite, Kensington Tonalite, Goldvein pluton, Lake Jackson pluton, Falls Church Intrusive Suite, Occoquan Granite (main batholith and satellite Bull Run Marina pluton), Georgetown Intrusive Suite, Dalecarlia Intrusive Suite, and related granitoids are parts of an extensive Early to Middle Ordovician magmatic arc. Emplacement of these plutons from about 485 to 450 Ma generally was contemporaneous with major regional deformation and metamorphism, called the Taconic orogeny in rocks of the northern Appalachians. The Ordovician ages supersede most of the discordant Cambrian(?) to Neoproterozoic dates that previously suggested a Potomac or Penobscot orogeny in Piedmont rocks of the Potomac Valley, raising questions about the nature and timing of that event. The Devonian Guilford Granite crosscuts all structures, providing a minimum age for these Paleozoic events.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.2475/ajs.302.1.50","usgsCitation":"Aleinikoff, J.N., Horton,, J., and Drake, A., 2002, SHRIMP and Conventional UPb ages of Ordovician granites and tonalites in the central Appalachian Piedmont: Implications for Paleozoic tectonic events: American Journal of Science, v. 302, no. 1, p. 50-75, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.302.1.50.","productDescription":"26 p. ","startPage":"50","endPage":"75","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.302.1.50","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","state":"Virginia, Maryland","city":"Washington D.C. ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.3984375,\n              38.238180119798635\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.91552734375,\n              38.238180119798635\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.91552734375,\n              39.58875727696545\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.3984375,\n              39.58875727696545\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.3984375,\n              38.238180119798635\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"302","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton,, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":219824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton,","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drake, Avery Ala","contributorId":65460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"Avery Ala","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70231712,"text":"70231712 - 2002 - Evaluating the performance of a crop water balance model in estimating regional crop production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T16:49:47.854077","indexId":"70231712","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:44:25","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluating the performance of a crop water balance model in estimating regional crop production","docAbstract":"<p>The comparison between a spatially distributed crop index and reported yield was evaluated. The crop index was generated by a crop water balance model that simulates the reduction of crop yield (as a percentage of the potential) due to water deficit. This model is currently operational as a monitoring and forecasting tool for region-wide food security analyses in drought prone countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. </p><p>The most important input parameters of the model are Africa-wide satellite-based rainfall estimate images and spatially distributed potential evapotranspiration images calculated from 6-hourly numerical weather model data. District level crop yield data from Ethiopia were used to evaluate the performance of the model. Historical sorghum yield data from 1996-1999 were used to evaluate the performance of a seasonal water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) for sorghum. WRSI values and reported district yield data were significantly correlated. The WRSI model was particularly successful in capturing the response of the crop during a relatively dry year. In districts that never experienced water deficit during the study period, it was possible to infer the magnitude of yield variability that was caused by factors other than water supply. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"ISPRS archives – Volume XXXIV part 1, 2002","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"ISPRS Commission: Mid-Term Symposium in conjunction with Pecora 15/Land Satellite Information IV Conference Integrated Remote Sensing at the Global, Regional and Local Scale","conferenceDate":"Nov 10-15, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","publisher":"ISPRS","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., and Verdin, J., 2002, Evaluating the performance of a crop water balance model in estimating regional crop production, <i>in</i> ISPRS archives – Volume XXXIV part 1, 2002, Denver, CO, Nov 10-15, 2002, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400901,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/xxxiv/part1/"}],"country":"Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda","otherGeospatial":"Sub-Saharan Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              27.861328125,\n              -0.3515602939922709\n            ],\n            [\n              33.83789062499999,\n              0.615222552406841\n            ],\n            [\n              39.0234375,\n              2.0210651187669897\n            ],\n            [\n              44.033203125,\n              6.664607562172573\n            ],\n            [\n              47.197265625,\n              9.188870084473406\n            ],\n            [\n              39.287109375,\n              16.636191878397664\n            ],\n            [\n              38.583984375,\n              17.308687886770034\n            ],\n            [\n              21.09375,\n              15.623036831528264\n            ],\n            [\n              21.884765625,\n              5.965753671065536\n            ],\n            [\n              27.861328125,\n              -0.3515602939922709\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verdin, James 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":145830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227067,"text":"70227067 - 2002 - Coal waste impoundments: Risks, responses and alternatives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-28T17:58:35.864484","indexId":"70227067","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:38:22","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Coal waste impoundments: Risks, responses and alternatives","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Academies Press","doi":"10.17226/10212","usgsCitation":"Committee on Coal Waste Impoundments, Orr, F.M., Davis, G.A., Filas, B.A., Henry, C., Morgenstern, N.R., Newman, D., Ramani, R.V., Schuster, R.L., Singh, M.M., Steeples, D.W., Strachan, C.L., Sweigard, R.J., Tisdale, J., and Wunsch, D.R., 2002, Coal waste impoundments: Risks, responses and alternatives, xii, 230 p., https://doi.org/10.17226/10212.","productDescription":"xii, 230 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Committee on Coal Waste Impoundments","contributorId":270499,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Committee on Coal Waste Impoundments","id":829483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, F. M. Jr.","contributorId":107047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Gary A.","contributorId":270500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Filas, Barbara A.","contributorId":270501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filas","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henry, C. David","contributorId":270502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henry","given":"C. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morgenstern, Norbert R.","contributorId":270503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgenstern","given":"Norbert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Newman, David A.","contributorId":270504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newman","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ramani, Raja V.","contributorId":112483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramani","given":"Raja","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schuster, Robert L.","contributorId":19162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Singh, Madan M.","contributorId":270505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singh","given":"Madan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Steeples, Don W.","contributorId":19295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeples","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Strachan, Clinton L.","contributorId":270506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strachan","given":"Clinton","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sweigard, Richard J.","contributorId":270507,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweigard","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Tisdale, Jack","contributorId":270508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tisdale","given":"Jack","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wunsch, David R.","contributorId":32122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wunsch","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70217738,"text":"70217738 - 2002 - Geologic information for aggregate resource planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-29T17:41:23.384446","indexId":"70217738","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:36:55","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geologic information for aggregate resource planning","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">Construction and maintenance of the infrastructure is dependent on such raw materials as aggregate (crushed stone, sand, and gravel). Despite this dependence, urban expansion often works to the detriment of the production of those essential raw materials. The failure to plan for the protection and extraction of aggregate resources often results in increased consumer cost, environmental damage, and an adversarial relation between the aggregate industry and the community.</p><p class=\"Para\">As an area grows, the demand for aggregate resources increases, and industries that produce these materials are established. Aggregate is a low-cost commodity, and to keep hauling costs at a minimum, the operations are located as close to the market as possible. As metropolitan areas grow, they encroach upon established aggregate operations. New residents in the vicinity of pits and quarries object to the noise, dust, and truck traffic associated with the aggregate operation. Pressure is applied to the local government to limit operation hours and truck traffic.</p><p class=\"Para\">In addition to encroaching on established aggregate operations, urban growth commonly covers unmined aggregate resources. Frequently urban growth occurs without any consideration of the resource or an analysis of the impact of its loss. The old idea that aggregate resources can be found anywhere is false. New aggregate operations may have to be located long distances from the markets. The additional expense of the longer transport of resources must be passed on to consumers in the community. In many instances, the new deposit is of inferior quality compared with the original source, yet it is used to avoid the expense of importing high-quality material from a more-distant source.</p><p class=\"Para\">Some governmental, including city, provincial or state, and national, agencies, have enacted regulations to help maintain access to prime aggregate resources. Although regulations have met with variable success, some policy or regulation to protect aggregate resources is worth consideration.</p><p class=\"Para\">A basic requirement of any aggregate resource policy or regulation is the knowledge of the geographic distribution, volumes, and quality of aggregate resources. This knowledge commonly is obtained through geologic mapping and characterization of aggregate resources. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS) provide excellent tools to help present and evaluate the information in a manner that is understandable by public decisionmakers.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deposit and geoenvironmental models for resource exploitation and environmental security","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/978-94-010-0303-2_7","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., Lindsey, D.A., and Knepper, D.H., 2002, Geologic information for aggregate resource planning, chap. <i>of</i> Deposit and geoenvironmental models for resource exploitation and environmental security, v. 80, p. 135-149, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0303-2_7.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"149","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382817,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":809430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindsey, David A. 0000-0002-9466-0899 dlindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-0899","contributorId":773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"David","email":"dlindsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knepper, Daniel H. dknepper@usgs.gov","contributorId":1242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knepper","given":"Daniel","email":"dknepper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":809432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70242833,"text":"70242833 - 2002 - Late Miocene and early Pliocene biosiliceous sedimentation along the California margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-19T16:38:04.152237","indexId":"70242833","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:32:15","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3289,"text":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas","onlineIssn":"2007-2902","printIssn":"1026-8774","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Miocene and early Pliocene biosiliceous sedimentation along the California margin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Biogenic opal sedimentation is compared between offshore and onshore areas of the California margin during the late middle Miocene, the late Miocene, and the early Pliocene. The records from offshore ODP Sites 1010 and 1021 have declining opal abundance, with a dramatic three-fold decline at about 11.5 Ma and a second, less pronounced drop occurring at about 7.6 Ma. Thick stratigraphic sections of diatomaceous sediments dated between 11.5 and 10.0 Ma and between 7.6 and 6.5 Ma are found onshore in California, whereas coeval intervals in offshore deep sea sites display relatively low opal percentages. This suggests that during periods of reduced strength in the California Current, diatom production declined in offshore areas while it increased in more coastal regions. The early Pliocene and early part of the late Pliocene (4.6 to ca. 2.7 Ma) are marked by the near absence of diatoms in offshore sites, while diatoms are masked by clastic components in onshore sections. Diatom production was greatly reduced along the California margin during this climatically warm period of the Pliocene at the same time that production dramatically increased in the subarctic northwest Pacific, suggesting fractionation of opal to higher latitudes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Lyle, M., and Koizumi, I., 2002, Late Miocene and early Pliocene biosiliceous sedimentation along the California margin: Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, v. 19, no. 3, p. 161-169.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"169","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416012,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://rmcg.geociencias.unam.mx/index.php/rmcg/article/view/962","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Baja California, California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.80805959426112,\n              22.913385640178902\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.21865745973662,\n              27.112343918403965\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.30256685144539,\n              28.775134233880323\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.8032274582267,\n              30.420627778294815\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.50543800342376,\n              32.95911164487342\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.0278698289051,\n              33.82351661253108\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.27619153838549,\n              34.6295444724699\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84973278665456,\n              36.561757372412075\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.17357947910472,\n              37.236059693839564\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.11933799427894,\n              40.375199931165184\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.91941930427376,\n              39.512806216304\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.30330134574916,\n              31.045790844612753\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.73419510279606,\n              24.05106946312017\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.39106840307849,\n              20.85657586168672\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.80805959426112,\n              22.913385640178902\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":869917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyle, Mitchell","contributorId":99035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyle","given":"Mitchell","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koizumi, Itaru","contributorId":279870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koizumi","given":"Itaru","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16855,"text":"Hokkaido University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":869919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70203870,"text":"70203870 - 2002 - Estimating the potential for submergence for two wetlands in the Mississippi River Delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T11:38:40","indexId":"70203870","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:31:57","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the potential for submergence for two wetlands in the Mississippi River Delta","docAbstract":"<p><span>We used a combined field and modeling approach to estimate the potential for submergence for one rapidly deteriorating (Bayou Chitigue Marsh) and one apparently stable (Old Oyster Bayou Marsh) saltmarsh wetland in coastal Louisiana, given two eustatic sea level rise scenarios: the current rate (0.15 cm year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>); and the central value predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (48 cm by the year 2100). We also used the model to determine what processes were most critical for maintaining and influencing salt marsh elevation including, mineral matter deposition, organic matter production, shallow subsidence (organic matter decomposition + primary sediment compaction), deep subsidence, and sediment pulsing events (e.g., hurricanes). Eight years of field measurements from feldspar marker horizons and surface elevation tables revealed that the rates of vertical accretion at the Bayou Chitigue Marsh were high (2.26 (0.09) cm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(mean ± SE)) because the marsh exists at the lower end of the tidal range. The rate of shallow subsidence was also high (2.04 (0.1) cm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>), resulting in little net elevation gain (0.22 (0.06) cm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). In contrast, vertical accretion at the Old Oyster Bayou Marsh, which is 10 cm higher in elevation, was 0.48 (0.09) cm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. However, there was a net elevation gain of 0.36 (0.08) cm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;because there was no significant shallow subsidence. When these rates of elevation gain were compared to rates of relative sea level rise (deep subsidence plus eustatic sea level rise), both sites showed a net elevation deficit although the Bayou Chitigue site was subsiding at approximately twice the rate of the Old Oyster Bayou site (1.1 cm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;versus 0.49 cm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;respectively). These field data were used to modify, initialize, and calibrate a previously published wetland soil development model that simulates primary production and mineral matter deposition as, feedback functions of elevation. Sensitivity analyses revealed that wetland elevation was most sensitive to changes in the rates of deep subsidence, a model forcing function that is difficult to measure in the field and for which estimates in the literature vary widely. The model also revealed that, given both the current rate of sea level rise and the central value estimate, surface elevation at both sites would fall below mean sea level over the next 100 years. Although these results were in agreement with the field study, they contradicted long term observations that the Old Oyster Bayou site has been in equilibrium with sea level for at least the past 50 years. Further simulations showed that the elevation at the Old Oyster Bayou site could keep pace with current rates of sea level rise if either a lower rate for deep subsidence was used as a forcing function, or if a periodic sediment pulsing function (e.g., from hurricanes) was programmed into the model.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02691346","usgsCitation":"Rybczyk, J., and Cahoon, D.R., 2002, Estimating the potential for submergence for two wetlands in the Mississippi River Delta: Estuaries, v. 25, no. 5, p. 985-998, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02691346.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"985","endPage":"998","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Bayou Chitigue, Mississippi river Delta Plain, Old Oyster Bayou","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.40625,\n              28.97450653430241\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5548095703125,\n              28.97450653430241\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5548095703125,\n              29.616445727622548\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.40625,\n              29.616445727622548\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.40625,\n              28.97450653430241\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rybczyk, J.M.","contributorId":41796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybczyk","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667 dcahoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":3791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"dcahoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227066,"text":"70227066 - 2002 - A thumbnail sketch of what governments around the world are doing to reduce the consequence of landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-28T17:35:22.166115","indexId":"70227066","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:30:21","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A thumbnail sketch of what governments around the world are doing to reduce the consequence of landslides","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landslides; proceedings of the tenth international conference and fieldtrip on Landslides","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Tenth international conference and fieldtrip on Landslides (ICFL)","conferenceDate":"Sep 6-16, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Warsaw, Poland","language":"English","publisher":"Polish Academy of Sciences, Mineral and Energy Economics Research Institute","usgsCitation":"Brabb, E.E., Howell, D.G., and Cotton, W.R., 2002, A thumbnail sketch of what governments around the world are doing to reduce the consequence of landslides, <i>in</i> Landslides; proceedings of the tenth international conference and fieldtrip on Landslides, Warsaw, Poland, Sep 6-16, 2002, p. 15-33.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabb, Earl E.","contributorId":8545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabb","given":"Earl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howell, David G.","contributorId":12091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":829473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cotton, W. R.","contributorId":103739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cotton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70204127,"text":"70204127 - 2002 - Sea-level rise and coastal disasters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-08T11:31:39","indexId":"70204127","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:27:27","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5844,"text":"National Hazards Observer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-level rise and coastal disasters","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Hazards Center","usgsCitation":"Leatherman, S., and Burkett, V., 2002, Sea-level rise and coastal disasters: National Hazards Observer, v. 26, no. 4, p. 11-12.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"12","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":365337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hazards.colorado.edu/observer/archives"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"New Orleans","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.802001953125,\n              29.05136777451729\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.0386962890625,\n              29.05136777451729\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.0386962890625,\n              30.434465946142005\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.802001953125,\n              30.434465946142005\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.802001953125,\n              29.05136777451729\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leatherman, Stephen","contributorId":34075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leatherman","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burkett, Virginia R. 0000-0003-4746-2862","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":205026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia R.","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70231711,"text":"70231711 - 2002 - Making science for sustainable development more policy relevant: New tools for analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T16:36:51.220964","indexId":"70231711","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:27:12","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10764,"text":"ICSU Series on Science for Sustainable Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"8","title":"Making science for sustainable development more policy relevant: New tools for analysis","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"United Nations Environment Programme","usgsCitation":"Singh, A., Moldan, B., and Loveland, T., 2002, Making science for sustainable development more policy relevant: New tools for analysis: ICSU Series on Science for Sustainable Development 8, 28 p.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400900,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400899,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://na.unep.net/siouxfalls/reparchive.php"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singh, Ashbindu singh@usgs.gov","contributorId":5410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"Ashbindu","email":"singh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":843504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moldan, B.","contributorId":113616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moldan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227109,"text":"70227109 - 2002 - Distinctive meteoritic components in lunar “cataclysm” impact melt breccias","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-29T17:12:56.919581","indexId":"70227109","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:07:22","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Distinctive meteoritic components in lunar “cataclysm” impact melt breccias","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lunar and Planetary Science XXXII: Papers presented to the thirty-second Lunar and Planetary Science Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lunar and Planetary Institute","usgsCitation":"James, O.B., 2002, Distinctive meteoritic components in lunar “cataclysm” impact melt breccias, <i>in</i> Lunar and Planetary Science XXXII: Papers presented to the thirty-second Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":393597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.lpi.usra.edu/publications/abstracts-reports/"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, Odette B.","contributorId":104336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"Odette","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227108,"text":"70227108 - 2002 - A history of the El Capitan moraine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-29T17:02:52.139142","indexId":"70227108","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T11:00:05","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5887,"text":"Yosemite","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A history of the El Capitan moraine","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Huber, N.K., and Snyder, J., 2002, A history of the El Capitan moraine: Yosemite, v. 64, no. 1, p. 2-6.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"El Capitan, Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.67716217041016,\n              37.71614609310728\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.61244583129881,\n              37.71614609310728\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.61244583129881,\n              37.74465712069939\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.67716217041016,\n              37.74465712069939\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.67716217041016,\n              37.71614609310728\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huber, N. King","contributorId":76016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"King","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, J.B.","contributorId":62229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227107,"text":"70227107 - 2002 - The Slide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-29T16:57:48.174401","indexId":"70227107","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T10:50:33","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5887,"text":"Yosemite","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Slide","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Yosemite Association","usgsCitation":"Huber, N.K., Phillips, W.M., and Bull, W.B., 2002, The Slide: Yosemite, v. 64, no. 3, p. 2-4.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Slide Mountain, Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.69879150390626,\n              37.97018468810549\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.12750244140625,\n              37.97018468810549\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.12750244140625,\n              38.33088431959971\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.69879150390626,\n              38.33088431959971\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.69879150390626,\n              37.97018468810549\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huber, N. King","contributorId":51284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"King","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, William M.","contributorId":9690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bull, William B.","contributorId":8919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bull","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227297,"text":"70227297 - 2002 - Landslide triggers and types","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T16:56:19.602092","indexId":"70227297","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T10:50:15","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landslide triggers and types","docAbstract":"<p><span>The term “landslide trigger” refers to an external stimulus, such as intense rainfall, rapid snowmelt, seismic shaking, volcanic eruption, stream/coastal erosion, or natural dam failure, which causes an immediate or near-immediate response in the form of landslide activity. In this paper, we discuss the types of landslides caused by these triggering processes and present a limited number of worldwide examples of their occurrence.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landslides","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"1st European Conference on Landslides","conferenceDate":"Jun 24-26, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Prague, Czech Republic","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","usgsCitation":"Schuster, R.L., and Wieczoreck, G.F., 2002, Landslide triggers and types, <i>in</i> Landslides, Prague, Czech Republic, Jun 24-26, 2002, p. 59-78.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"78","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuster, Robert L.","contributorId":19162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wieczoreck, Gerald F.","contributorId":7181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczoreck","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70206890,"text":"70206890 - 2002 - Streamer resistivity surveys in delmarva coastal bays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-26T09:40:16","indexId":"70206890","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T09:29:57","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Streamer resistivity surveys in delmarva coastal bays","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"Proceedings of the symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems 2002","doi":"10.4133/1.2927122","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F.T., Krantz, D.E., Snyder, D.S., and Sturgis, B., 2002, Streamer resistivity surveys in delmarva coastal bays, GL-13, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.4133/1.2927122.","productDescription":"GL-13, 17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva Pennisula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.948486328125,\n              39.58029027440865\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              39.257778150283364\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.39892578125,\n              38.865374851611634\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.365966796875,\n              38.453588708941375\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              37.93553306183642\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.08032226562499,\n              37.19533058280065\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.970458984375,\n              37.07271048132943\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69580078125,\n              37.24782120155428\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.047607421875,\n              38.272688535980976\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.025634765625,\n              38.81403111409755\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5859375,\n              39.49556336059472\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5859375,\n              39.631076770083666\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.948486328125,\n              39.58029027440865\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":20770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krantz, David E.","contributorId":9238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krantz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snyder, Donald S.","contributorId":220909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sturgis, Brian","contributorId":220910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturgis","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70195488,"text":"70195488 - 2002 - New shoreline change data and analysis for the Massachusetts shore with emphasis on Cape Cod and the islands: Mid-1800s to 1994 ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-16T13:38:47","indexId":"70195488","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5633,"text":"Environment Cape Cod","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New shoreline change data and analysis for the Massachusetts shore with emphasis on Cape Cod and the islands: Mid-1800s to 1994 ","docAbstract":"<p>That shorelines change, oftentimes dramatically in short periods of time, is an accepted fact for those who live along the shore. However, when two-thirds or approximately 512 miles of a state's ocean-facing shore exhibits a long-term erosional trend, in some locations eroding at an average annual rate of 12 feet per year, as is the case in Massachusetts, shoreline property owners, prospective shorefront property owners, and coastal managers need to pay particular attention to the future location of the shoreline to avoid physical and economic disasters. </p><p>The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Sea Grant Program, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Cape Cod Cooperative Extension recently completed an update and statistical analysis of historical shoreline change along approximately 1,000 miles of Massachusetts' ocean-facing shore, of which 754 miles were statistically analyzed (Thieler, O'Connell and Schupp, 2001; Schupp, Thieler &amp; O'Connell, 2001). The project was funded by the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management. In general, four to five shoreline positions mapped between the mid-1800s to 1994 were used to analyze changes along the Massachusetts shore. Seventy-six shoreline change maps with accompanying data tables and a Technical Report were produced. </p><p>The results of this study reveal that approximately two-thirds of the Massachusetts shore is eroding, with 68% of the shore exhibiting a long-term erosional trend, 30% showing long-term accretion, and 2% showing no net change. ln some areas, erosion rates have accelerated based on a comparison study of previous data that was conducted in 1997 (O'Connell, 1997). Ironically, coastal property that commands some of the highest real estate values in the Commonwealth also exhibits the highest consistent long-term average annual erosion rates. </p><p>This paper describes the data sources used to map historic shorelines in Massachusetts, the methodology used to both plot a new shoreline and analyze the long-term historical data, and describes cautions necessary when interpreting and applying shoreline change data, with site-specific examples along the Massachusetts shore. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Barnstable County Department of Health and Environment","usgsCitation":"O’Connell, J.F., Thieler, E.R., and Schupp, C., 2002, New shoreline change data and analysis for the Massachusetts shore with emphasis on Cape Cod and the islands: Mid-1800s to 1994 : Environment Cape Cod, v. 5, no. 1, p. 1-14.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.30126953124999,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.994140625,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.994140625,\n              43.32517767999296\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.30126953124999,\n              43.32517767999296\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.30126953124999,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff0b71e4b0da30c1bfcf85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connell, James F.","contributorId":202551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Connell","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schupp, Courtney","contributorId":202552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schupp","given":"Courtney","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70195414,"text":"70195414 - 2002 - A fresh look at glacial floods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T19:29:04.301148","indexId":"70195414","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A fresh look at glacial floods","docAbstract":"<p>W<span>e tend to think of continental-scale ice sheets as rather ponderous affairs, inexorably advancing southward over the landscape and then slowly retreating to the north at the end of each ice age. Over the last 20 years, however, evidence has accumulated that this is a misconception. We now know that the Laurentide Ice Sheet—the largest ice-age glacier—was characterized by thin, marginal ice streams flowing rapidly on low-friction beds and was unstable through much of its history (</span><a id=\"xref-ref-1-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5571/1251#ref-1\" data-mce-href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5571/1251#ref-1\">1</a><span>–</span><a id=\"xref-ref-3-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5571/1251#ref-3\" data-mce-href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5571/1251#ref-3\">3</a><span>). The ice sheet periodically and abruptly discharged massive amounts of ice into the North Atlantic (</span><a id=\"xref-ref-4-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5571/1251#ref-4\" data-mce-href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5571/1251#ref-4\">4</a><span>), and abrupt coolings and warmings occurred throughout the last ice age (</span><a id=\"xref-ref-5-1\" class=\"xref-bibr article-ref-popup hasTooltip\" href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5571/1251#ref-5\" data-hasqtip=\"0\" aria-describedby=\"qtip-0\" data-mce-href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5571/1251#ref-5\">5</a><span>).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.1073377","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., 2002, A fresh look at glacial floods: Science, v. 296, no. 5571, p. 1251-1252, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1073377.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1251","endPage":"1252","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"296","issue":"5571","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff0b71e4b0da30c1bfcf87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steve M.","contributorId":49807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70181782,"text":"70181782 - 2002 - Reducing Vulnerability of Ports and Harbors to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T08:19:21","indexId":"70181782","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Reducing Vulnerability of Ports and Harbors to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent scientific research suggests the Pacific Northwest could experience catastrophic earthquakes in the near future, both from distant and local sources, posing a significant threat to coastal communities. Damage could result from numerous earthquake-related hazards, such as severe ground shaking, soil liquefaction, landslides, land subsidence/uplift, and tsunami inundation. Because of their geographic location, ports and harbors are especially vulnerable to these hazards. Ports and harbors, however, are important components of many coastal communities, supporting numerous activities critical to the local and regional economy and possibly serving as vital post-event, response-recovery transportation links. A collaborative, multi-year initiative is underway to increase the resiliency of Pacific Northwest ports and harbors to earthquake and tsunami hazards, involving Oregon Sea Grant (OSG), Washington Sea Grant (WSG), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coastal Services Center (CSC), and the U.S. Geological Survey Center for Science Policy (CSP). Specific products of this research, planning, and outreach initiative include a regional stakeholder issues and needs assessment, a community-based mitigation planning process, a Geographic Information System (GIS) — based vulnerability assessment methodology, an educational web-site and a regional data archive. This paper summarizes these efforts, including results of two pilot port-harbor community projects, one in Yaquina Bay, Oregon and the other in Sinclair Inlet, Washington. Finally, plans are outlined for outreach to other port and harbor communities in the Pacific Northwest and beyond, using \"getting started\" workshops and a web-based tutorial.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Disasters Conference 2002","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Disasters Conference 2002","conferenceDate":"February 24-27, 2002","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/40605(258)81","usgsCitation":"Wood, N.J., Good, J.W., and Goodwin, R.F., 2002, Reducing Vulnerability of Ports and Harbors to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards, <i>in</i> Coastal Disasters Conference 2002, San Diego, CA, February 24-27, 2002, p. 949-963, https://doi.org/10.1061/40605(258)81.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"949","endPage":"963","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":335310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","city":"Sinclair Inlet, Yaquina 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,{"id":70191432,"text":"70191432 - 2002 - Across-shelf sediment transport: Interactions between suspended and bed sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-11T14:17:39","indexId":"70191432","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Across-shelf sediment transport: Interactions between suspended and bed sediment","docAbstract":"<p><span>We use a two-dimensional, time-dependent sediment-transport model to quantify across-shelf transport, deposition, and sorting during wave-driven resuspension events characteristic of those that dominate sediment transport on many continental shelves. Decreases in wave-orbital velocities as water depth increases, and the resulting cross-shelf gradient in bed shear stress favor a net offshore transport of sediment. On wide, flat shelves (slopes ∼0.1%percnt;), these gradients are low, and the depth to which the seabed is reworked depends mainly on bottom shear stress and local sediment availability. On narrow, steep shelves (slopes ∼0.5%percnt;), however, the gradient in bottom stress generates significant cross-shelf suspended sediment flux gradients that create regions of net erosion and deposition. While the magnitude of waves generally determines the water depth to which sediment can be resuspended, erosional and depositional patterns on narrow shelves are sensitive to cross-shelf gradients in wave energy, nonlocal sediment availability, and the direction and magnitude of the cross-shelf current. During energetic waves, cross-shelf divergence of suspended sediment flux can create a coarsened, erosional area on the inner shelf that abuts a region of fine-grained sediment deposition on the mid-to-outer shelf. If currents are strongly shoreward, however, flux divergence leads to erosion over the entire shelf.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2000JC000634","usgsCitation":"Harris, C.K., and Wiberg, P.L., 2002, Across-shelf sediment transport: Interactions between suspended and bed sediment: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 107, no. C1, p. 8-1-8-12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000634.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"8-1","endPage":"8-12","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jc000634","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346509,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"C1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59df1c86e4b05fe04ccd9a55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Courtney K.","contributorId":19620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Courtney","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiberg, Patricia L.","contributorId":72716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiberg","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187857,"text":"70187857 - 2002 - Sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) perspective: Part C. Trophic linkages among sea otters and bivalve prey in Prince William Sound, Alaska, in the aftermath of the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill: Implications for community models in sedimentary habitats","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70187857,"text":"70187857 - 2002 - Sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) perspective: Part C. Trophic linkages among sea otters and bivalve prey in Prince William Sound, Alaska, in the aftermath of the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill: Implications for community models in sedimentary habitats","indexId":"70187857","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"chapter":"3C","title":"Sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) perspective: Part C. Trophic linkages among sea otters and bivalve prey in Prince William Sound, Alaska, in the aftermath of the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill: Implications for community models in sedimentary habitats"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70188451,"text":"70188451 - 2002 - Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill","indexId":"70188451","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70188451,"text":"70188451 - 2002 - Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill","indexId":"70188451","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T14:53:17","indexId":"70187857","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"chapter":"3C","title":"Sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) perspective: Part C. Trophic linkages among sea otters and bivalve prey in Prince William Sound, Alaska, in the aftermath of the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill: Implications for community models in sedimentary habitats","docAbstract":"<p>We exploited the<i> Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill in Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska, to evaluate effects of reduced sea otter densities on prey populations in sedimentary habitats. We considered the need for and characteristics of new models for trophic effects of sea otters on coastal marine benthic communities. We viewed evidence for nonlinear or uncertain patterns of prey response to varying sea otter density as particularly significant for new model structure. </p><p>We specifically examined responses of densities and size distributions of populations of mussels and clams (several taxonomic and habitat categories), all important sea otter prey in PWS, to reduction in sea otter density caused by the oil spill. We utilized two primary criteria for determining the consistency of prey demographic responses to reduced sea otter densities as predicted by null hypotheses consistent with existing published models. First, prey populations subject to reduced influence by sea otters should be denser and contain proportionately more large individuals than prey populations strongly influenced by sea otter predation. Second, response times of prey demography to reduced otter densities should be similar to response times of prey to increased otter densities, the latter as indicated in existing published models. &nbsp;</p><p>Results were disparate with regard to expectation for the six categories of prey evaluated. With few exceptions, density data indicated nonconformance with demographic expectations. In contrast, size data for prey indicated conformance with expectation in about half the categories evaluated. We suggest that lingering effects of the oil spill, nonlinear relationships of sea otters and prey that involve thresholds in otter density, uncertainties in prey recruitment patterns, spatial differences in natural disturbance rate, and differences between areas in effects of competing predators are the main factors possibly accounting for patterns in our data. Recruitment and disturbance effects in particular may include significant stochastic components, especially in a temporal context. We suggest that recovered sea otter populations and their prey do not necessarily exist in long-term stable equilibria, and that development of new models incorporating both trophic thresholds and trophic stochasticity will be important in understanding community-level responses to variable sea otter numbers.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"<i>Exxon Valdez</i> Oil Spill Trustee Council","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"VanBlaricom, G.R., Fukuyama, A.K., O’Clair, C.E., Monson, D., Jewett, S.C., Gage, T.K., Dean, T.A., and Bodkin, J.L., 2002, Sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) perspective: Part C. Trophic linkages among sea otters and bivalve prey in Prince William Sound, Alaska, in the aftermath of the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill: Implications for community models in sedimentary habitats, 38 p.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"3C.1","endPage":"3C.38","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341560,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342359,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evostc.state.ak.us/index.cfm?FA=searchresults.projectInfo&Project_ID=630"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.150390625,\n              59.72594656451894\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.7279052734375,\n              59.72594656451894\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.7279052734375,\n              60.98376689595989\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.150390625,\n              60.98376689595989\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.150390625,\n              59.72594656451894\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59254a70e4b0b7ff9fb361c6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Holland-Bartels, Leslie E. lholland-bartels@usgs.gov","contributorId":222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland-Bartels","given":"Leslie","email":"lholland-bartels@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":697831,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fukuyama, Allan K.","contributorId":89472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fukuyama","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":621,"text":"Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Clair, Charles E.","contributorId":60571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Clair","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jewett, Stephen C.","contributorId":94397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gage, Tamara K.","contributorId":22875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gage","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":621,"text":"Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dean, Thomas A.","contributorId":187562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70197396,"text":"70197396 - 2002 - The Gulf of Maine: Will the big investments in technology and science yield the return expected by investors?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-12T15:45:35.891078","indexId":"70197396","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2678,"text":"Marine Technology Society Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Gulf of Maine: Will the big investments in technology and science yield the return expected by investors?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Marine Technology Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.4031/002533202787914034","usgsCitation":"Schubel, J.R., Lobecker, R.F., Jagoe, D., Snow Cotter, S., Hoskins, H., and Polloni, C.F., 2002, The Gulf of Maine: Will the big investments in technology and science yield the return expected by investors?: Marine Technology Society Journal, v. 36, no. 2, p. 63-65, https://doi.org/10.4031/002533202787914034.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"65","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4031/002533202787914034","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354640,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -69.71923828125,\n              41.86956082699455\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.91796875,\n              43.46886761482925\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.20361328125,\n              44.11914151643737\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.23681640625,\n              45.10454630976873\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.0830078125,\n              45.336701909968134\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.3134765625,\n              45.166547157856016\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.0166015625,\n              45.089035564831036\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.25830078125,\n              44.63739123445585\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.35693359375,\n              44.35527821160296\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.818359375,\n              44.49650533109348\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.10400390625,\n              44.11914151643737\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.37841796875,\n              43.61221676817573\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7958984375,\n              42.73087427928485\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.94970703125,\n              42.342305278572816\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.51025390625,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.2685546875,\n              41.82045509614034\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.71923828125,\n              41.86956082699455\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b158841e4b092d9651e217b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schubel, J. 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F.","contributorId":205338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lobecker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jagoe, D.","contributorId":205339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jagoe","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snow Cotter, S.","contributorId":205340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snow Cotter","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hoskins, H.","contributorId":64430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoskins","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Polloni, Christopher F.","contributorId":93087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Polloni","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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