{"pageNumber":"2944","pageRowStart":"73575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184582,"records":[{"id":70123134,"text":"70123134 - 2002 - Animation of the Holocene evolution of the southern Washington and northern Oregon shelf and coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-16T09:26:38","indexId":"70123134","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T11:47:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Animation of the Holocene evolution of the southern Washington and northern Oregon shelf and coast","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Undersea with GIS","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"ESRI Press","usgsCitation":"Cross, V.A., and Twichell, D.C., 2002, Animation of the Holocene evolution of the southern Washington and northern Oregon shelf and coast, chap. <i>of</i> Undersea with GIS, CD-ROM.","productDescription":"CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54058841e4b0971c80c8584e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wright, D.J.","contributorId":111805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509976,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Cross, VeAnn A.","contributorId":15712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"VeAnn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70123132,"text":"70123132 - 2002 - Remote sensing of coral reefs: testing the waters at Biscayne National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-01T11:09:47","indexId":"70123132","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T11:07:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3431,"text":"Sound Waves: Coastal science and research news from across the USGS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing of coral reefs: testing the waters at Biscayne National Park","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sound Waves: Coastal science and research news from across the USGS","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Clayton, T., 2002, Remote sensing of coral reefs: testing the waters at Biscayne National Park: Sound Waves: Coastal science and research news from across the USGS.","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293241,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293240,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://soundwaves.usgs.gov/2002/11/fieldwork2.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.347196,25.291431 ], [ -80.347196,25.671111 ], [ -80.089407,25.671111 ], [ -80.089407,25.291431 ], [ -80.347196,25.291431 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54058846e4b0971c80c85871","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clayton, Tonya","contributorId":6963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"Tonya","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70123131,"text":"70123131 - 2002 - Ground-truthing coral-reef maps produced from remote-sensing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-01T11:04:19","indexId":"70123131","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T11:02:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3431,"text":"Sound Waves: Coastal science and research news from across the USGS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-truthing coral-reef maps produced from remote-sensing data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sound Waves: Coastal science and research news from across the USGS","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Clayton, T., 2002, Ground-truthing coral-reef maps produced from remote-sensing data: Sound Waves: Coastal science and research news from across the USGS.","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293238,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://soundwaves.usgs.gov/2002/05/fieldwork.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54058844e4b0971c80c85862","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clayton, Tonya","contributorId":6963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"Tonya","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70243232,"text":"70243232 - 2002 - Neoproterozoic and Cambrian strata of Sonora, Mexico: Rodinian supercontinent to Laurentian Cordilleran margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-04T15:21:44.569076","indexId":"70243232","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T10:16:30","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Neoproterozoic and Cambrian strata of Sonora, Mexico: Rodinian supercontinent to Laurentian Cordilleran margin","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to crustal evolution of the southwestern United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2365-5.5","usgsCitation":"Stewart, J.H., Amaya-Martinez, R., and Palmer, A.R., 2002, Neoproterozoic and Cambrian strata of Sonora, Mexico: Rodinian supercontinent to Laurentian Cordilleran margin, chap. <i>of</i> Contributions to crustal evolution of the southwestern United States, v. 365, p. 5-48, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2365-5.5.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"48","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416718,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Sonora","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.77367359985766,\n              31.308808441230184\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.98515092519665,\n              31.308808441230184\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.98515092519665,\n              29.184562908193968\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.77367359985766,\n              29.184562908193968\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.77367359985766,\n              31.308808441230184\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"365","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barth, Andrew","contributorId":304798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barth","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871638,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, John H.","contributorId":83086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amaya-Martinez, Ricardo","contributorId":108405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amaya-Martinez","given":"Ricardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palmer, A. R.","contributorId":41819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70170186,"text":"70170186 - 2002 - Water-quality assessment of surface-water microlayers at frog malformation sites in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T13:23:41","indexId":"70170186","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Water-quality assessment of surface-water microlayers at frog malformation sites in Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","conferenceTitle":"Minnesota Water 2002 and Minnesota Lakes and Rivers Conference","conferenceDate":"April 17-20, 2002","conferenceLocation":"St. Cloud, MN","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Jones, P.M., Menheer, M., Zaugg, S., Taylor, H.E., Aiken, G., Thurman, E., Rostad, C., and Rosenberry, D., 2002, Water-quality assessment of surface-water microlayers at frog malformation sites in Minnesota, Minnesota Water 2002 and Minnesota Lakes and Rivers Conference, St. Cloud, MN, April 17-20, 2002, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319946,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570ccae2e4b0ef3b7ca147d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Perry M. 0000-0002-6569-5144 pmjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6569-5144","contributorId":2231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Perry","email":"pmjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Menheer, M.A.","contributorId":59842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menheer","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zaugg, S.D.","contributorId":82811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, G.","contributorId":82066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rostad, C.","contributorId":8622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.","contributorId":39338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70123130,"text":"70123130 - 2002 - Basis and methods of NASA airborne topographic mapper lidar surveys for coastal studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-01T10:15:24","indexId":"70123130","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T10:14:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basis and methods of NASA airborne topographic mapper lidar surveys for coastal studies","docAbstract":"This paper provides an overview of the basic principles of airborne laser altimetry for surveys of coastal topography, and describes the methods used in the acquisition and processing of NASA Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) surveys that cover much of the conterminous US coastline. This form of remote sensing, also known as \"topographic lidar\", has undergone extremely rapid development during the last two decades, and has the potential to contribute within a wide range of coastal scientific investigations. Various airborne laser surveying (ALS) applications that are relevant to coastal studies are being pursued by researchers in a range of Earth science disciplines. Examples include the mapping of \"bald earth\" land surfaces below even moderately dense vegetation in studies of geologic framework and hydrology, and determination of the vegetation canopy structure, a key variable in mapping wildlife habitats. ALS has also proven to be an excellent method for the regional mapping of geomorphic change along barrier island beaches and other sandy coasts due to storms or long-term sedimentary processes. Coastal scientists are adopting ALS as a basic method in the study of an array of additional coastal topics. ALS can provide useful information in the analysis of shoreline change, the prediction and assessment of landslides along seacliffs and headlands, examination of subsidence causing coastal land loss, and in predicting storm surge and tsunami inundation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","usgsCitation":"Brock, J., Wright, C.W., Sallenger, A., Krabill, W.B., and Swift, R.N., 2002, Basis and methods of NASA airborne topographic mapper lidar surveys for coastal studies: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 18, no. 1, p. 1-13.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293236,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://journals.fcla.edu/jcr/article/view/81240"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54058842e4b0971c80c85853","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brock, John 0000-0002-5289-9332 jbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-9332","contributorId":2261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"John","email":"jbrock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, C. Wayne wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":57422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sallenger, Asbury H. Jr.","contributorId":27458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"Asbury H.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabill, William B.","contributorId":24698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabill","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swift, Robert N.","contributorId":44841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swift","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70123129,"text":"70123129 - 2002 - Genesis of the Doğankuzu and Mortaş Bauxite deposits, Taurides, Turkey: separation of Al, Fe, and Mn and implications for passive margin metallogeny","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-01T09:53:53","indexId":"70123129","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T09:48:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genesis of the Doğankuzu and Mortaş Bauxite deposits, Taurides, Turkey: separation of Al, Fe, and Mn and implications for passive margin metallogeny","docAbstract":"<p>The Taurides region of Turkey is host to a number of important bauxite, Al-rich laterite, and Mn deposits. The most important bauxite deposits, Doğankuzu and Mortaş, are karst-related, unconformity-type deposits in Upper Cretaceous limestone. The bottom contact of the bauxite ore is undulatory, and bauxite fills depressions and sinkholes in the footwall limestone, whereas its top surface is concordant with the hanging-wall limestone. The thickness of the bauxite varies from 1 to 40 m and consists of böhmite, hematite, pyrite, marcasite, anatase, diaspore, gypsum, kaolinite, and smectite. The strata-bound, sulfide- and sulfate-bearing, low-grade lower part of the bauxite ore bed contains pyrite pseudomorphs after hematite and is deep red in outcrop owing to supergene oxidation. The lower part of the bauxite body contains local intercalations of calcareous conglomerate that formed in fault-controlled depressions and sinkholes. Bauxite ore is overlain by fine-grained Fe sulfide-bearing and calcareous claystone and argillaceous limestone, which are in turn overlain by massive, compact limestone of Santonian age. That 50-m-thick limestone is in turn overlain by well-bedded bioclastic limestone of Campanian or Maastrichtian age, rich with rudist fossils. Fracture fillings in the bauxite orebody are up to 1 m thick and consist of bluish-gray-green pyrite and marcasite (20%) with böhmite, diaspore, and anatase. These sulfide veins crosscut and offset the strata-bound sulfide zones. Sulfur for the sulfides was derived from the bacterial reduction of seawater sulfate, and Fe was derived from alteration of oxides in the bauxite. Iron sulfides do not occur within either the immediately underlying or overlying limestone.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The platform limestone and shale that host the bauxite deposits formed at a passive margin of the Tethys Ocean. Extensive vegetation developed on land as the result of a humid climate, thereby creating thick and acidic soils and enhancing the transport of large amounts of organic matter to the ocean. Alteration of the organic matter provided CO<sub>2</sub> that contributed to formation of a relatively <sup>12</sup>C-rich marine footwall limestone. Relative sea-level fall resulted from strike-slip faulting associated with closure of the ocean and local uplift of the passive margin. That uplift resulted in karstification and bauxite formation in topographic lows, as represented by the Doğankuzu and Mortaş deposits. During stage 1 of bauxite formation, Al, Fe, Mn, and Ti were mobilized from deeply weathered aluminosilicate parent rock under acidic conditions and accumulated as hydroxides at the limestone surface owing to an increase in pH. During stage 2, Al, Fe, and Ti oxides and clays from the incipient bauxite (bauxitic soil) were transported as detrital phases and accumulated in the fault-controlled depressions and sinkholes. During stage 3, the bauxitic material was concentrated by repeated desilicification, which resulted in the transport of Si and Mn to the ocean through a well-developed karst drainage system. The transported Mn was deposited in offshore muds as Mn carbonates. The sulfides also formed in stage 3 during early diagenesis. Transgression into the foreland basin resulted from shortening of the ocean basin and nappe emplacement during the latest Cretaceous. During that time bioclastic limestone was deposited on the nappe ramp, which overlapped bauxite accumulation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.97.5.1063","usgsCitation":"Ozturk, H., Hein, J.R., and Hanilci, N., 2002, Genesis of the Doğankuzu and Mortaş Bauxite deposits, Taurides, Turkey: separation of Al, Fe, and Mn and implications for passive margin metallogeny: Economic Geology, v. 97, no. 5, p. 1053-1077, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.97.5.1063.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1053","endPage":"1077","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293233,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.97.5.1063"}],"country":"Turkey","otherGeospatial":"Taurides Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 25.66,35.81 ], [ 25.66,42.11 ], [ 44.82,42.11 ], [ 44.82,35.81 ], [ 25.66,35.81 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"97","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54058843e4b0971c80c8585d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ozturk, Huseyin","contributorId":19098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ozturk","given":"Huseyin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hein, James R. 0000-0002-5321-899X jhein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":2828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanilci, Nurullah","contributorId":11135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanilci","given":"Nurullah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":47512,"text":"twri04A3 - 2002 - Statistical methods in water resources","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47512,"text":"twri04A3 - 2002 - Statistical methods in water resources","indexId":"twri04A3","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Statistical Methods in Water Resources","title":"Statistical methods in water resources"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70201829,"text":"tm4A3 - 2020 - Statistical methods in water resources","indexId":"tm4A3","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"title":"Statistical methods in water resources"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70201829,"text":"tm4A3 - 2020 - Statistical methods in water resources","indexId":"tm4A3","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"title":"Statistical methods in water resources"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T18:21:40.251882","indexId":"twri04A3","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"04-A3","displayTitle":"Statistical Methods in Water Resources","title":"Statistical methods in water resources","docAbstract":"<h1>Preface</h1><p>This book began as class notes for a course we teach on applied statistical methods to hydrologists of the Water Resources Division, U. S. Geological Survey (USGS). It reflects our attempts to teach statistical methods which are appropriate for analysis of water resources data. As interest in this course has grown outside of the USGS, incentive grew to develop the material into a textbook. The topics covered are those we feel are of greatest usefulness to the practicing water resources scientist. Yet all topics can be directly applied to many other types of environmental data.</p><p>This book is not a stand-alone text on statistics, or a text on statistical hydrology. For example, in addition to this material we use a textbook on introductory statistics in the USGS training course. As a consequence, discussions of topics such as probability theory required in a general statistics textbook will not be found here. Derivations of most equations are not presented. Important tables included in all general statistics texts, such as quantiles of the normal distribution, are not found here. Neither are details of how statistical distributions should be fitted to flood data -- these are adequately covered in numerous books on statistical hydrology.</p><p>We have instead chosen to emphasize topics not always found in introductory statistics textbooks, and often not adequately covered in statistical textbooks for scientists and engineers. Tables included here, for example, are those found more often in books on nonparametric statistics than in books likely to have been used in college courses for engineers. This book points the environmental and water resources scientist to robust and nonparametric statistics, and to exploratory data analysis. We believe that the characteristics of environmental (and perhaps most other 'real') data drive analysis methods towards use of robust and nonparametric methods.</p><p>Exercises are included at the end of chapters. In our course, students compute each type of analysis (t-test, regression, etc.) the first time by hand. We choose the smaller, simpler examples for hand computation. In this way the mechanics of the process are fully understood, and computer software is seen as less mysterious.</p><p>We wish to acknowledge and thank several other scientists at the U. S. Geological Survey for contributing ideas to this book. In particular, we thank those who have served as the other instructors at the USGS training course. Ed Gilroy has critiqued and improved much of the material found in this book. Tim Cohn has contributed in several areas, particularly to the sections on bias correction in regression, and methods for data below the reporting limit. Richard Alexander has added to the trend analysis chapter, and Charles Crawford has contributed ideas for regression and ANOVA. Their work has undoubtedly made its way into this book without adequate recognition.</p><p>Professor Ken Potter (University of Wisconsin) and Dr. Gary Tasker (USGS) reviewed the manuscript, spending long hours with no reward except the knowledge that they have improved the work of others. For that we are very grateful. We also thank Madeline Sabin, who carefully typed original drafts of the class notes on which the book is based. As always, the responsibility for all errors and slanted thinking are ours alone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/twri04A3","usgsCitation":"Helsel, D.R. and R. M. Hirsch, 2002. Statistical Methods in Water Resources Techniques of Water Resources Investigations, Book 4, chapter A3. U.S. Geological Survey. 522 pages.","productDescription":"522 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370992,"rank":2,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri4a3/erratasheet.pdf","text":"Errata Sheet","size":"6.15 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":168724,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri4a3/coverthb6.gif"},{"id":3961,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri4a3/twri4a3.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TWRI  4A3"}],"edition":"Version 1.1","publicComments":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 4, chapter A3, version 1.1 is superseded by Techniques and Methods 4-A3.","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Preface</li><li>Chapter 1. Summarizing Data</li><li>Chapter 2. Graphical Data Analysis</li><li>Chapter 3. Describing Uncertainty</li><li>Chapter 4. Hypothesis Tests</li><li>Chapter 5. Differences between Two Independent Groups</li><li>Chapter 6. Matched-Pair Tests</li><li>Chapter 7. Comparing Several Independent Groups</li><li>Chapter 8. Correlation</li><li>Chapter 9. Simple Linear Regression</li><li>Chapter 10. Alternative Methods for Regression</li><li>Chapter 11. Multiple Linear Regression</li><li>Chapter 12. Trend Analysis</li><li>Chapter 13. Methods for Data Below the Reporting Limit</li><li>Chapter 14. Discrete Relationships</li><li>Chapter 15. Regression for Discrete Responses</li><li>Chapter 16. Presentation Graphics</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix A. Construction of Boxplots</li><li>Appendix B. Tables</li><li>Appendix C. Data Sets</li><li>Appendix D. Answers to Selected Exercises</li><li>Index</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2002-09-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e2f21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helsel, Dennis R.","contributorId":85569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helsel","given":"Dennis R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":235596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70242858,"text":"70242858 - 2002 - The Commerce geophysical lineament and its possible relation to Mesoproterozoic igneous complexes and large earthquakes in the central Illinois Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-20T14:15:40.513746","indexId":"70242858","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T09:09:32","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Commerce geophysical lineament and its possible relation to Mesoproterozoic igneous complexes and large earthquakes in the central Illinois Basin","docAbstract":"<p>New inversions of existing magnetic and gravity data lead to insights on upper crustal structures in the central Illinois basin. The results of 2D and 3D inversion techniques suggest that the source of the Commerce geophysical lineament follows the southeast boundary of a dense and magnetic, northeast-trending igneous center, named the Vincennes igneous center. Thus the Commerce geophysical lineament, defining the 5- to 10-km-wide Commerce deformation zone, appears to have influenced the structural development of the Vincennes igneous center. Overlying this igneous center is the Centralia seismic-reflection sequence, expressed as highly coherent reflectors (<a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"REF50\">McBride and Kolata, 1999</a>). We suggest that the buried Vincennes igneous center is the source of inferred volcanic units of the Centralia sequence and is related to a rifted margin or a Proterozoic plate boundary. A comparison of gravity and magnetic fields over the Vincennes igneous center and the St. Francois Mountains igneous center in southeastern Missouri suggests that the associated sources in these regions are similar in composition and perhaps origin. Such a conclusion, although speculative, suggests that ∼1.47 Ga-year-old volcanic fields of high-silica rocks, with more abundant mafic components at depth, characterize basement in the regions of the Vincennes igneous center and the St. Francois Mountains. Further, we conclude that the Commerce deformation zone evolved in the Mesoproterozoic (1.1 to 1.5 Ga) as a major cratonic rheological boundary and was the focus of episodic reactivation related to varying stress regimes throughout its history.</p><p>Spatial relations of the Commerce deformation zone with large Pleistocene and Holocene earthquakes suggest that the zone represents a major rheological boundary intimately related to both surface and deep structures and to the seismic hazard of the Illinois basin region. Assuming recent right-lateral slip along the Commerce deformation zone, we propose that a jog or left step in the Vincennes area leads to thrusting or a restraining bend, where associated stress accumulations may have resulted in nearby large prehistoric earthquakes and may also be the nucleation sites of future large earthquakes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.73.5.640","usgsCitation":"Hildenbrand, T.G., McBride, J.H., and Ravat, D., 2002, The Commerce geophysical lineament and its possible relation to Mesoproterozoic igneous complexes and large earthquakes in the central Illinois Basin: Seismological Research Letters, v. 73, no. 5, p. 640-659, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.73.5.640.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"640","endPage":"659","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Illinois basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.24380840272238,\n              39.45878984348565\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.24380840272238,\n              36.64654719896838\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.85036696171127,\n              36.64654719896838\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.85036696171127,\n              39.45878984348565\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.24380840272238,\n              39.45878984348565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildenbrand, Thomas G.","contributorId":61787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":870023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McBride, John H.","contributorId":80535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":870024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ravat, D.","contributorId":102971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ravat","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":870025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70242857,"text":"70242857 - 2002 - Interpreting the earthquake source of the Wabash Valley seismic zone (Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky) from seismic-reflection, gravity, and magnetic-intensity data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-20T14:00:26.121831","indexId":"70242857","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T08:55:34","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpreting the earthquake source of the Wabash Valley seismic zone (Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky) from seismic-reflection, gravity, and magnetic-intensity data","docAbstract":"<p>Reprocessing of seismic-reflection data reveals new images of upper- to middle-crustal structures beneath the Wabash Valley seismic zone, located north of the New Madrid seismic zone within the seismically active southern Illinois basin. Four intersecting deep seismic profiles (243 km total) indicate an anomalous, 5–10-km-wide zone of dipping reflections and diffractions below the western flank of the Wabash Valley fault system (WVFS). The zone corresponds in places to gently arched regions of Paleozoic strata. The reflector zone can be interpreted as a result of either (or a combination of) magmatic intrusion or structural deformation. The area encompassing the reflection profiles has experienced several moderate magnitude (3.0 ≤<span>&nbsp;</span><i>m<sub>bLg</sub></i><span>&nbsp;</span>≤ 5.5) earthquakes during the past 50 years, defining the central part of the Wabash Valley seismic zone. The hypocenter of the largest 20th-century earthquake in the central USA midcontinent (9 November 1968,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>m<sub>bLg</sub></i><span>&nbsp;</span>5.5) corresponds to the most prominent zone of dipping middle-crustal reflections, just west of the WVFS. Both the focal mechanism (moderately dipping reverse fault) and the expected rupture zone size (∼2.9 km fault length) of this earthquake are consistent with the orientation and size of observed reflectors. Dipping reflector patterns in the Precambrian crust are not collinear with fault surfaces updip in the Paleozoic sedimentary section. This indicates that shallow Paleozoic structures are effectively “decoupled” from deeper, possibly seismogenic structure, which suggests that understanding Paleozoic structure is not the key to understanding the earthquake source. The complex dipping crustal reflectivity beneath the WVFS is typical of Paleozoic continental convergent zones observed elsewhere (<i>e.g.</i>, Appalachian orogen) and thus may suggest a preserved Proterozoic suture, possibly associated with the distal Grenville orogeny or an older event.</p><p>Although magnetic intensity, Bouguer gravity, and seismic-reflection data present different means of understanding the deep geology of the area, their integration aids in limiting the number of admissible interpretations. The reflection profiles indicate a variable zone of anomalous crustal structure, including the dipping reflector zone, along a trend of northeast-trending gravity and magnetic highs locally defining the Commerce geophysical lineament (CGL), which is a suspected source of seismic hazard in the central USA midcontinent. Three-dimensional inverse modeling of the residual isostatic gravity anomaly values indicates that the upper part of the dipping reflector zone beneath the CGL lies near an important density boundary in the upper Precambrian crust. The results of our study suggest that the seismogenic source just north of the New Madrid seismic zone consists, in part, of a pre-existing fabric of blind thrusts localized along pre-existing igneous intrusions, locally coincident with the CGL. This suggests that the CGL may be seismogenic in places and thus a potential seismic hazard. The variation in the expression of the CGL using reflection and potential-field data sets is probably partly related to the differing geologic features by which it is expressed, but would be also consistent with its reactivation numerous times under varying stress regimes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.73.5.660","usgsCitation":"McBride, J.H., Hildenbrand, T.G., Stephenson, W.J., and Potter, C.J., 2002, Interpreting the earthquake source of the Wabash Valley seismic zone (Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky) from seismic-reflection, gravity, and magnetic-intensity data: Seismological Research Letters, v. 73, no. 5, p. 660-686, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.73.5.660.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"660","endPage":"686","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Wabash Valley seismic zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.24380840272238,\n              39.45878984348565\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.24380840272238,\n              36.64654719896838\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.85036696171127,\n              36.64654719896838\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.85036696171127,\n              39.45878984348565\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.24380840272238,\n              39.45878984348565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McBride, John H.","contributorId":80535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":870019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildenbrand, Thomas G.","contributorId":61787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":870020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":870021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":870022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69381,"text":"i2752 - 2002 - Geologic Map of the Diana Chasma Quadrangle (V-37), Venus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-22T08:42:20","indexId":"i2752","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2752","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Geologic Map of the Diana Chasma Quadrangle (V-37), Venus","docAbstract":"<p>Introduction The Diana Chasma quadrangle (V-37), an equatorial region between 0&deg; to 25&deg; S. and 150&deg; to 180&deg; E. that encompasses ~8,400,000 km<sup>2</sup>, is broadly divided into southern Rusalka Planitia in the north, eastern Aphrodite Terra in the central region, and unnamed regions to the south. Geologic mapping constrains the temporal and spatial relations of the major features, which include a tessera inlier, Markham crater, six large coronae (300-675 km diameter), four smaller coronae (150-225 km diameter), Diana and Dali chasmata, a large fracture zone, and southern Rusalka Planitia. Eastern Aphrodite Terra, marked here by large coronae, deep chasmata, and an extensive northeast-trending fracture zone, extends from Atla Regio to Thetis Regio. The large coronae are part of a chain of such features that includes Inari Corona to the west-southwest and Zemina Corona to the northeast. V-37 quadrangle is bounded on the north by Rusalka Planitia and on the south by Zhibek Planitia. International Astronomical Union (IAU) approved and provisional nomenclature and positions for geographic features within Diana Chasma quadrangle are shown on the geologic map. [Note: Atahensik Corona was referred to as Latona Corona in much previously published literature.]</p>\n<p>Diana Chasma quadrangle hosts some of the steepest topography on Venus. Altimetry measurements range from -2.5 to 4.7 km (0.0 = mean planetary radius), with a surface mean of 0.6 km. Fractures and faults within the central fracture/rift zone create large blocks of down-dropped material, especially along the east-central edge of the map area. The Dali and Diana chasmata display slopes of &gt;30&deg;, the steepest and deepest trenches on Venus. Both chasmata host landslide deposits presumably sourced from the steep chasmata walls. The tessera inlier, coronae, and ridge belts sit topographically above Rusalka and Zhibek planitiae. Rusalka Planitia topography describes broad undulations having northwest-trending ridges spaced ~200 km apart. The most distinctive ridge, Vetsorgo Dorsum, centered at 6.5&deg; S., 163&deg; E., is a Class I ridge belt owing to its simple arch morphology. The central interior of Markham crater sits topographically lower than the surrounding region, which slopes downward to the east.</p>","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/i2752","usgsCitation":"Hansen, V.L., and DeShon, H., 2002, Geologic Map of the Diana Chasma Quadrangle (V-37), Venus: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2752, Sheet 54 by 40 inches (in color), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2752.","productDescription":"Sheet 54 by 40 inches (in color)","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9406,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i2752/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"5198991","otherGeospatial":"Venus","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8522","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, V. L.","contributorId":82400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeShon, H.R.","contributorId":97994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeShon","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156336,"text":"70156336 - 2002 - A portal for the ocean biogeographic information system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-19T16:06:49","indexId":"70156336","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2930,"text":"Oceanologica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A portal for the ocean biogeographic information system","docAbstract":"<p><span>Since its inception in 1999 the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) has developed into an international science program as well as a globally distributed network of biogeographic databases. An OBIS portal at Rutgers University provides the links and functional interoperability among member database systems. Protocols and standards have been established to support effective communication between the portal and these functional units. The portal provides distributed data searching, a taxonomy name service, a GIS with access to relevant environmental data, biological modeling, and education modules for mariners, students, environmental managers, and scientists. The portal will integrate Census of Marine Life field projects, national data archives, and other functional modules, and provides for network-wide analyses and modeling tools.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01204-5","usgsCitation":"Zhang, Y., and Grassle, J.F., 2002, A portal for the ocean biogeographic information system: Oceanologica Acta, v. 25, no. 5, p. 193-197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01204-5.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"197","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":306974,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d5a8abe4b0518e3546a4a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Yun","contributorId":146700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grassle, J. F.","contributorId":8621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grassle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185169,"text":"70185169 - 2002 - Determination of isoxaflutole (balance) and its metabolites in water using solid phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet or mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T08:07:04","indexId":"70185169","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2149,"text":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of isoxaflutole (balance) and its metabolites in water using solid phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet or mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"<p><span>Balance (isoxaflutole, IXF) belongs to a new family of herbicides referred to as isoxazoles. IXF has a very short soil half-life (&lt;24 h), degrading to a biologically active diketonitrile (DKN) metabolite that is more polar and considerably more stable. Further degradation of the DKN metabolite produces a nonbiologically active benzoic acid (BA) metabolite. Analytical methods using solid phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography−UV (HPLC-UV) or high-performance liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) were developed for the analysis of IXF and its metabolites in distilled deionized water and ground water samples. To successfully detect and quantify the BA metabolite by HPLC-UV from ground water samples, a sequential elution scheme was necessary. Using HPLC-UV, the mean recoveries from sequential elution of the parent and its two metabolites from fortified ground water samples ranged from 68.6 to 101.4%. For HPLC-MS, solid phase extraction of ground water samples was performed using a polystyrene divinylbenzene polymer resin. The mean HPLC-MS recoveries of the three compounds from ground water samples spiked at 0.05−2 μg/L ranged from 100.9 to 110.3%. The limits of quantitation for HPLC-UV are approximately 150 ng/L for IXF, 100 ng/L for DKN, and 250 ng/L for BA. The limit of quantitation by HPLC-MS is 50 ng/L for each compound. The methods developed in this work can be applied to determine the transport and fate of Balance in the environment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/jf025622d","usgsCitation":"Lin, C., Lerch, R., Thurman, E.M., Garrett, H.E., and George, M.F., 2002, Determination of isoxaflutole (balance) and its metabolites in water using solid phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet or mass spectrometry: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 50, no. 21, p. 5816-5824, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf025622d.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"5816","endPage":"5824","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d4e4b0849ce97c86ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lin, Chung-Ho","contributorId":150703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Chung-Ho","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18071,"text":"Department of Forestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lerch, Robert N.","contributorId":189360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lerch","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thurman, E. Michael","contributorId":9636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garrett, Harold E.","contributorId":189361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrett","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"George, Milon F.","contributorId":189362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"George","given":"Milon","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":69318,"text":"mf2400 - 2002 - Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Seabright Beach, Santa Cruz County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:22","indexId":"mf2400","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2400","title":"Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Seabright Beach, Santa Cruz County, California","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nThe coastal cliffs along much of the central California coast are actively retreating. Large storms and periodic earthquakes are responsible for most of the documented sea cliff slope failures. Long-term average erosion rates calculated for this section of coast do not provide the spatial or temporal data resolution necessary to identify the processes responsible for retreat of the sea cliffs where episodic retreat threatens homes and community infrastructure. Research suggests that more erosion occurs along the California coast over a short time scale, during periods of severe storms or seismic activity, than occurs during decades of normal weather or seismic quiescence.\r\n\r\nThis is the third map in a series of maps prepared to document the processes of short-term sea cliff retreat through the identification of slope failure styles, spatial variability of failures, and temporal variation in retreat amounts in an area that has been identified as an erosion hotspot. This map presents sea cliff failure and retreat data from the Seabright Beach section, California, which is located on the east side of Santa Cruz along the northern Monterey Bay coast. The data presented in this map series provide high-resolution spatial and temporal information on the location, amount, and processes of sea cliff retreat in Santa Cruz, California. These data show the response of the sea cliffs to both large magnitude earthquakes and severe climatic events such as El Ni?os; this information may prove useful in predicting the future response of the cliffs to events of similar magnitude. The map data can also be incorporated into Global Information System (GIS) for use by researchers and community planners. During this study we developed a method for investigating short-term processes of sea cliff evolution using rectified photographic stereo models. This method allows us to document the linear extent of cliff failures, the spatial and temporal relationship between failures, and the type or style of slope failure.\r\n\r\nSeabright Beach extends 0.9 km from San Lorenzo Point on the west to the Santa Cruz Yacht Harbor on the east. The cliffs at Seabright Beach are completely protected from wave attack by a wide beach. The protective beach is a relatively recent feature that formed after the emplacement of the Santa Cruz Yacht Harbor jetty in 1963-1964. Prior to the completion of the jetty, the cliffs at Seabright Beach were subject to daily wave attack. The data in this study are post-jetty construction; therefore, the sea cliff failures and cliff retreat are the result of nonmarine processes (rainfall, groundwater and seismic shaking). The 8 to 15 m high cliffs at Seabright Beach are composed of the Miocene to Pliocene Purisima Formation, which is overlain by unconsolidated Pleistocene terrace deposits. The relative thickness of these units varies along the length of the cliff. At the west end of Seabright Beach, including San Lorenzo Point, nearly the entire cliff section is composed of Purisima Formation and is capped by less than 2 m of terrace deposits. In this exposure, the Purisima Formation is a moderately weathered, moderately indurated massive sandstone. The height of the cliffs and the thickness of the Purisima Formation decrease to the east. In the cliffs immediately adjacent to the harbor, the entire exposure is composed of terrace deposits. Toe-slope debris and wind-blown sand form a nearly continuous fan along the cliff base that obscure the lower portion of the cliff.\r\n\r\nThis study documents the impacts of earthquakes and large storms to the sea cliffs in the Seabright Beach section. The first event is the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, a M7.1 earthquake that caused widespread damage to the area stretching from Santa Cruz to the San Francisco Bay. The epicenter of the earthquake was located in the Santa Cruz Mountains, approximately 9 km inland from the coast. Extensive block and debris falls, induced by the seismic shaking, occ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/mf2400","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C.J., Richmond, B.M., and D’Iorio, M.M., 2002, Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Seabright Beach, Santa Cruz County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2400, Map: 58 x 37 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2400.","productDescription":"Map: 58 x 37 inches","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110349,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52330.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52330"},{"id":187806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9545,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2400/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122,36.950833333333335 ], [ -122,36.966944444444444 ], [ -121.98388888888888,36.966944444444444 ], [ -121.98388888888888,36.950833333333335 ], [ -122,36.950833333333335 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a85e4b07f02db64d2fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl J. 0000-0002-2753-4075 chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":2981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":280066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Iorio, Mimi M.","contributorId":45003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Iorio","given":"Mimi","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185659,"text":"70185659 - 2002 - Effects of stress from mine drainage on diversity, biomass, and function of primary producers in mountain streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T11:00:07","indexId":"70185659","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of stress from mine drainage on diversity, biomass, and function of primary producers in mountain streams","docAbstract":"<p> This paper proposes a hypothesis that relates biodi- versity, community biomass, and ecosystem func- tion to a gradient of stress. According to this hy- pothesis, biodiversity has a low threshold of response to stress, whereas biomass and function are stable or increase under low to moderate stress and decrease only under high stress. This hypothe- sis was tested by examining communities of pri- mary producers in streams under stress from mine drainage in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, USA. Mine drainage exerts chemical stress (low pH, dis- solved metals) as well as physical stress (deposition of metal oxides) on stream biota. Diversity of pri- mary producers was usually more sensitive to stress from mine drainage than community biomass (chlorophyll a) or primary production. Diversity was negatively related to all stresses from mine drainage, but it was especially low in streams with low pH or high concentration of dissolved zinc. Biomass and production were high in streams with only chemical stress, but they were often low in streams with physical stress caused by metal oxide deposition. Stream sites with aluminum oxide dep- osition usually had very little algal biomass. The rate of metal oxide deposition, presence of alumi- num oxides, and pH together explained 65% of the variation in biomass. The rate of net primary pro- duction was highly correlated with biomass and had a similar response to stress from mine drainage. Overall, chemical stresses (low pH, high concentra- tion of zinc) generally led to the hypothesized trends in our model of ecosystems under stress. Physical stress (deposition of metal oxides), how- ever, led to variable responses, and often decreased biomass and function even at low intensity, con- trary to the original hypothesis. Thus, the nature of ecosystem response to stress may differ for chemical and physical stresses</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-002-0182-9","usgsCitation":"Niyogi, D.K., Lewis, W.M., and McKnight, D.M., 2002, Effects of stress from mine drainage on diversity, biomass, and function of primary producers in mountain streams: Ecosystems, v. 5, no. 6, p. 554-567, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-002-0182-9.","productDescription":"14 p. ","startPage":"554","endPage":"567","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.4959716796875,\n              38.57393751557591\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.337158203125,\n              38.57393751557591\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.337158203125,\n              40.42604212826493\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.4959716796875,\n              40.42604212826493\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.4959716796875,\n              38.57393751557591\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da251de4b0543bf7fda818","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niyogi, Dev K.","contributorId":189848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niyogi","given":"Dev","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, William M. Jr.","contributorId":189849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":686262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156326,"text":"70156326 - 2002 - A census of marine life: Unknowable or just unknown?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T07:05:55","indexId":"70156326","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2930,"text":"Oceanologica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A census of marine life: Unknowable or just unknown?","docAbstract":"<p><span>As an introduction to the entire volume, this article outlines the relationships among the five elements of the Census of Marine Life (CoML) that create new knowledge: (1) The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), a marine component of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, links marine databases around the world to provide an Internet accessible, dynamic interface for comparing species-level, geo-referenced biodiversity data in relation to ocean habitats. The entire CoML field project data will be managed in and accessible through OBIS. (2) The History of Marine Animal Populations (HMAP) is a unique new synthesis of historical and biological research that will document marine biodiversity, globally, up to 500&nbsp;years ago, before significant human impact, and store it in formats compatible with modern data in OBIS. (3) The Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research Working Group 118 monitors and recommends advanced marine technologies, ready to be routinely used in CoML field projects. (4) CoML Initial Field Projects develop and calibrate these technologies in selected regions to facilitate and accelerate global biodiversity research. As calibrated technologies and protocols are adopted in many regions, qualitative and quantitative biodiversity discoveries accumulate. (5) The Future of Marine Animal Populations (FMAP) program will insure that the data in OBIS are suitable for modeling and predicting changes in global biodiversity in response to fishing, pollution, and climate change challenges. It will make datasets available for hindcasting and forecasting analyses linked to physical ocean observations and assist in documenting the impacts of conservation efforts on sustainability.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01208-2","usgsCitation":"Decker, C.J., and O’Dor, R., 2002, A census of marine life: Unknowable or just unknown?: Oceanologica Acta, v. 25, no. 5, p. 179-186, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01208-2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"186","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0399-1784(02)01208-2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d5a8a9e4b0518e3546a496","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Decker, Cynthia J.","contributorId":146678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Decker","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Dor, Ron","contributorId":146658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Dor","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39813,"text":"wri024052 - 2002 - Ground-water quality beneath an urban residential and commercial area, Montgomery, Alabama, 1999-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-26T14:53:03.199747","indexId":"wri024052","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4052","title":"Ground-water quality beneath an urban residential and commercial area, Montgomery, Alabama, 1999-2000","docAbstract":"The Black Warrior River aquifer, which is composed of the Coker, Gordo, and Eutaw Formations, supplies more than 50 percent of the ground water used for public water supply in the Mobile River Basin. The city of Montgomery, Alabama, is partially built upon a recharge area for the Black Warrior River aquifer, and is one of many major population centers that depend on the Black Warrior River aquifer for public water supply. To represent the baseline ground-water quality in the Black Warrior River aquifer, water samples were collected from 30 wells located in a low-density residential or rural setting; 9 wells were completed in the Coker Formation, 9 wells in the Gordo Formation, and 12 wells in the Eutaw Formation. To describe the ground-water quality beneath Montgomery, Alabama, water samples also were collected from 30 wells located in residential and commercial areas of Montgomery, Alabama; 16 wells were completed in the Eutaw Formation, 8 wells in alluvial deposits, and 6 wells in terrace deposits. The alluvial and terrace deposits directly overlie the Eutaw Formation with little or no hydraulic separation. Ground-water samples collected from both the rural and urban wells were analyzed for physical properties, major ions, nutrients, metals, volatile organic compounds, and pesticides. Samples from the urban wells also were analyzed for bacteria, chlorofluorocarbons, dissolved gases, and sulfur hexafluoride. Ground-water quality beneath the urban area was compared to baseline water quality in the Black Warrior River aquifer.Compared to the rural wells, ground-water samples from urban wells contained greater concentrations or more frequent detections of chloride and nitrate, and the trace metals aluminium, chromium, cobalt, copper, nickel, and zinc. Pesticides and volatile organic compounds were detected more frequently and in greater concentrations in ground-water samples collected from urban wells than in ground-water samples from rural wells.The Spearman rho test was used to check for statistically significant covariance among urban ground-water quality and land-use type. The number of pesticides and volatile organic compounds detected and concentrations of nickel increased as the percentage of residential land use increased. Greater nickel concentrations also were associated with a greater number of volatile organic compounds detected. As the percentage of commercial land use increased, the numbers of pesticides and volatile organic compounds detected decreased. The number of pesticides detected in the urban ground-water samples increased as concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate increased; the number of pesticides detected and the concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate decreased as the age of the ground water increased. These correlations may indicate that, with time, pesticides and nitrate are removed from the ground-water system by physical, chemical, or biological processes.The effects of surficial geology on the occurrence of pesticides and volatile organic compounds was investigated by calculating frequencies of detection. The detection frequency for pesticides was greater for urban samples collected from wells where the surficial geology is sand than for urban samples collected from wells where the surficial geology is clay. The frequency of detection of volatile organic compounds did not show this relation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024052","usgsCitation":"Robinson, J.L., 2002, Ground-water quality beneath an urban residential and commercial area, Montgomery, Alabama, 1999-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4052, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024052.","productDescription":"37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164542,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3553,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri024052/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4822e4b07f02db4e2013","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, James L.","contributorId":82284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39819,"text":"wri024135 - 2002 - Arsenic concentrations in bedrock wells in Colchester, East Hampton, and Woodstock, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-28T12:29:51.904285","indexId":"wri024135","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4135","title":"Arsenic concentrations in bedrock wells in Colchester, East Hampton, and Woodstock, Connecticut","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024135","usgsCitation":"Brown, C.J., and Chute, S.K., 2002, Arsenic concentrations in bedrock wells in Colchester, East Hampton, and Woodstock, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4135, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024135.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":97425,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4135/report.pdf","size":"3909","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4135/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":395015,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52073.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Colchester, East Hampton, Woodstock","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.5611,\n              41.5167\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.22,\n              41.5167\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.22,\n              41.6431\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.5611,\n              41.6431\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.5611,\n              41.5167\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672da8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, C. J.","contributorId":90342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chute, S. K.","contributorId":72844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chute","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39893,"text":"ofr02264 - 2002 - Digital geologic map of Sherman quadrangle, north central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-14T20:55:30.267246","indexId":"ofr02264","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-264","title":"Digital geologic map of Sherman quadrangle, north central Texas","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02264","usgsCitation":"Masoner, J.R., Burden, D.S., and Short, T.E., 2002, Digital geologic map of Sherman quadrangle, north central Texas (Edition 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-264, 1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in; GIS Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02264.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in; GIS Metadata","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273770,"rank":3,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/geology.xml"},{"id":266778,"rank":2,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0264/disc.zip"},{"id":258677,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0264/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":273763,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/faults.xml"},{"id":400787,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52735.htm"},{"id":258676,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0264/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Sherman quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -98,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -98,\n              33\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Edition 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d454","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masoner, Jason R. 0000-0002-4829-6379 jmasoner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-6379","contributorId":3193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masoner","given":"Jason","email":"jmasoner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burden, David S.","contributorId":74055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Short, Tom E.","contributorId":22416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":39823,"text":"wri024214 - 2002 - Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T09:19:15","indexId":"wri024214","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4214","title":"Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000","docAbstract":"During a period of sustained base-flow conditions in the Bill Williams River below Alamo Dam in west central Arizona from March to July 2000, the channel of the river through Planet Valley was dry, and the water table sloped almost due west parallel to the main slope of the flood plain. Water from the river infiltrated into the channel bottom at the head of Planet Valley, moved downgradient in the subsurface, and reappeared in the channel about 0.3 mile downstream from the east boundary of the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge. A river aquifer in hydraulic connection with the Bill Williams River was mapped from a point 6.3 miles upstream from Highway 95 to the upstream end of Planet Valley. Formations that make up the river aquifer in Planet Valley are younger alluvium, older alluviums, and fanglomerate. Total thickness of the river aquifer probably is less than 200 feet in the bedrock canyons to as much as 1,035 feet in Planet Valley. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current hydrologic conditions along the Bill Williams River, which included an inventory of wells within the river aquifer of the Colorado River and in Planet Valley, and to determine the configuration of the water table. A map shows the elevation and configuration of the water table from the east end of Planet Valley to the confluence of the Bill Williams River with Lake Havasu.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/wri024214","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.P., and Owen-Joyce, S.J., 2002, Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4214, ii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024214.","productDescription":"ii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288430,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288429,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4214/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge;Planet Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,34.0 ], [ -114.5,34.5 ], [ -113.5,34.5 ], [ -113.5,34.0 ], [ -114.5,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f9a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Richard P.","contributorId":96655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owen-Joyce, Sandra J. 0000-0002-4400-5618 sjowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-5618","contributorId":5215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen-Joyce","given":"Sandra","email":"sjowen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39892,"text":"ofr02201 - 2002 - Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":39892,"text":"ofr02201 - 2002 - Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes","indexId":"ofr02201","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":50805,"text":"ofr20035 - 2003 - Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method and Simplified Decoupled Analysis to Model Slope Performance During Earthquakes","indexId":"ofr20035","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method and Simplified Decoupled Analysis to Model Slope Performance During Earthquakes"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":50805,"text":"ofr20035 - 2003 - Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method and Simplified Decoupled Analysis to Model Slope Performance During Earthquakes","indexId":"ofr20035","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method and Simplified Decoupled Analysis to Model Slope Performance During Earthquakes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:16","indexId":"ofr02201","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-201","title":"Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02201","isbn":"0607990260","usgsCitation":"Jibson, R.W., and Jibson, M.W., 2002, Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-201, 1 CD-ROM : col. ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02201.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM : col. ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db666fa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jibson, Randall W. 0000-0003-3399-0875 jibson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-0875","contributorId":2985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"Randall","email":"jibson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jibson, Matthew W.","contributorId":69199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39904,"text":"ofr02341 - 2002 - South Dakota aeromagnetic and gravity maps and data: a web site for distribution of data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T16:38:08","indexId":"ofr02341","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-341","title":"South Dakota aeromagnetic and gravity maps and data: a web site for distribution of data","docAbstract":"<p>no abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr02341","usgsCitation":"Kucks, R.P., and Hill, P.L., 2002, South Dakota aeromagnetic and gravity maps and data: a web site for distribution of data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-341, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02341.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170552,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3609,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-0341/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e74f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kucks, Robert P.","contributorId":11648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kucks","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Patricia L. pathill@usgs.gov","contributorId":1327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Patricia","email":"pathill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":50794,"text":"ofr02285 - 2002 - Feasibility of Estimating Constituent Concentrations and Loads Based on Data Recorded by Acoustic Instrumentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:32","indexId":"ofr02285","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-285","title":"Feasibility of Estimating Constituent Concentrations and Loads Based on Data Recorded by Acoustic Instrumentation","docAbstract":"The acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) and acoustic Doppler velocity meter (ADVM) were used to estimate constituent concentrations and loads at a sampling site along the Hendry-Collier County boundary in southwestern Florida. The sampling site is strategically placed within a highly managed canal system that exhibits low and rapidly changing water conditions. With the ADCP and ADVM, flow can be gaged more accurately rather than by conventional field-data collection methods. \r\n\r\nAn ADVM velocity rating relates measured velocity determined by the ADCP (dependent variable) with the ADVM velocity (independent variable) by means of regression analysis techniques. The coefficient of determination (R2) for this rating is 0.99 at the sampling site. Concentrations and loads of total phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and total nitrogen (dependent variables) were related to instantaneous discharge, acoustic backscatter, stage, or water temperature (independent variables) recorded at the time of sampling. Only positive discharges were used for this analysis. Discharges less than 100 cubic feet per second generally are considered inaccurate (probably as a result of acoustic ray bending and vertical temperature gradients in the water column). \r\n\r\nOf the concentration models, only total phosphorus was statistically significant at the 95-percent confidence level (p-value less than 0.05). Total phosphorus had an adjusted R2 of 0.93, indicating most of the variation in the concentration can be explained by the discharge. All of the load models for total phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and total nitrogen were statistically significant. Most of the variation in load can be explained by the discharge as reflected in the adjusted R2 for total phosphorus (0.98), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (0.99), and total nitrogen (0.99).","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02285","usgsCitation":"Lietz, A., 2002, Feasibility of Estimating Constituent Concentrations and Loads Based on Data Recorded by Acoustic Instrumentation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-285, 10 p. (6 figures, 1 table, 9 p. of text), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02285.","productDescription":"10 p. (6 figures, 1 table, 9 p. of text)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4592,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fl.water.usgs.gov/Abstracts/ofr02_285_lietz.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":179322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0285/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":86348,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0285/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f70d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lietz, A.C.","contributorId":40957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lietz","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39766,"text":"pp1625D - 2002 - Resource assessment of the Springfield, Herrin, Danville, and Baker coals in the Illinois Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:19","indexId":"pp1625D","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1625","chapter":"D","title":"Resource assessment of the Springfield, Herrin, Danville, and Baker coals in the Illinois Basin","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1625D","isbn":"0607987030 ","usgsCitation":"Hatch, J.R., and Affolter, R.H., 2002, Resource assessment of the Springfield, Herrin, Danville, and Baker coals in the Illinois Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1625, 2 CD-ROMs : col. ill., col. maps ; 4 3/4 in., in 1 plastic box (13 x 15 x 2 cm.) , https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1625D.","productDescription":"2 CD-ROMs : col. ill., col. maps ; 4 3/4 in., in 1 plastic box (13 x 15 x 2 cm.) ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1625d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67633,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1625d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629d96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Joseph R. 0000-0001-9257-0278 jrhatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0278","contributorId":722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Joseph","email":"jrhatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Affolter, Ronald H. affolter@usgs.gov","contributorId":659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Affolter","given":"Ronald","email":"affolter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":222118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39814,"text":"wri024096 - 2002 - Ground-water monitoring plan, water quality, and variability of agricultural chemicals in the Missouri River alluvial aquifer near the City of Independence, Missouri, well field, 1998-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-13T18:35:22.28945","indexId":"wri024096","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4096","displayTitle":"Ground-Water Monitoring Plan, Water Quality, and Variability of Agricultural Chemicals in the Missouri River Alluvial Aquifer near the City of Independence, Missouri, Well Field, 1998–2000","title":"Ground-water monitoring plan, water quality, and variability of agricultural chemicals in the Missouri River alluvial aquifer near the City of Independence, Missouri, well field, 1998-2000","docAbstract":"<p>A detailed ground-water sampling plan was developed and executed for 64 monitoring wells in the city of Independence well field to characterize ground-water quality in the 10-year zone of contribution. Samples were collected from monitoring wells, combined Independence well field pumpage, and the Missouri River at St. Joseph, Missouri, from 1998 through 2000. </p><p>In 328 ground-water samples from the 64 monitoring wells and combined well field pumpage samples, specific conductance values ranged from 511 to 1,690 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, pH values ranged from 6.4 to 7.7, water temperature ranged from 11.3 to 23.6 degrees Celsius, and dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 0 to 3.3 milligrams per liter. In 12 samples from the combined well field pumpage samples, specific conductance values ranged from 558 to 856 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, pH values ranged from 6.9 to 7.7, water temperature ranged from 5.8 to 22.9 degrees Celsius, and dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 0 to 2.4 milligrams per liter. In 45 Missouri River samples, specific conductance values ranged from 531 to 830 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, pH ranged from 7.2 to 8.7, water temperature ranged from 0 to 30 degrees Celsius, and dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 5.0 to 17.6 milligrams per liter. </p><p>The secondary maximum contaminant level for sulfate in drinking water was exceeded once in samples from two monitoring wells, the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for antimony was exceeded once in a sample from one monitoring well, and the MCL for barium was exceeded once in a sample from one monitoring well. The MCL for iron was exceeded in samples from all monitoring wells except two. The MCL for manganese was exceeded in all samples from monitoring wells and combined well field pumpage. </p><p>Enzyme linked immunoassay methods indicate total benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) was detected in samples from five wells. The highest total BTEX concentration was less than the MCL of toluene, ethyl benzene, or xylene but greater than the MCL for benzene. Total BTEX was not detected in samples from any well more than once. Atrazine was detected in samples from nine wells, and exceeded the MCL once in a sample from one well. Alachlor was detected in samples from 22 wells but the MCL was never exceeded in any sample. </p><p>Samples from five wells analyzed for a large number of organic compounds indicate concentrations of volatile organic compounds did not exceed the MCL for drinking water. No semi-volatile organic compounds were detected; dieldrin was detected in one well sample, and no other pesticides, herbicides, polychlorinated biphenyls, or polychlorinated napthalenes were detected. </p><p>Dissolved ammonia, dissolved nitrite plus nitrate, dissolved orthophosphorus, alachlor, and atrazine analyses were used to determine the spatial and temporal variability of agricultural chemicals in ground water. Detection frequencies for dissolved ammonia increased with well depth, decreased with depth for dissolved nitrite plus nitrate, and remained relatively constant with depth for dissolved orthophosphorus. Maximum concentrations of dissolved ammonia, dissolved nitrite plus nitrate, and dissolved orthophosphorus were largest in the shallowest wells and decreased with depth, which may indicate the land surface as the source. However, median concentrations increased with depth for dissolved ammonia, were less than the detection limit for dissolved nitrite plus nitrate, and decreased with depth for dissolved orthophosphorus. This pattern does not indicate a well-defined single source for these constituents. Dissolved orthophosphorus median concentrations were similar, but decreased slightly with depth, and may indicate the land surface as the source. Seasonal variability of dissolved ammonia, dissolved nitrite plus nitrate,&nbsp;and dissolved orthophosphorus concentrations is not well-defined for samples grouped by month. Individual sample results from the Missouri River and the combined Independence well field pumpage show a seasonal trend that may indicate the effect of induced recharge from the Missouri River on the well field. Individual results and samples from seven wells indicate relatively constant dissolved ammonia concentrations, low dissolved nitrite plus nitrate concentrations in all but one well, and a more well-defined seasonal variation of dissolved orthophosphorus than either dissolved ammonia or dissolved nitrite plus nitrate.</p><p>Larger detection frequencies in the shallow depth intervals and the large maximum concentrations of alachlor and atrazine in the shallower wells indicate that the source of these chemicals to shallow ground water most likely is the land surface rather than induced river recharge. Seasonal variability of alachlor is not well-defined from samples grouped by month. Individual results from the combined Independence well field pumpage and samples from seven wells indicate variation in both alachlor and atrazine with time, but the degree and timing of the variation is not consistent. This inconsistency most likely is caused by varying rates of transport from the land surface to wells, different rates of degradation of both alachlor and atrazine in soil and ground water, the timing and area of application, and multiple source areas in and around the Independence well field.&nbsp;Alachlor and atrazine concentrations in the Missouri River at Hermann, Missouri, increased in spring, greater concentrations continued until late summer or early fall, and lower concentrations occurred in late fall and winter. Alachlor and atrazine concentrations most likely followed a similar trend in the Missouri River near the Independence well field. The lack of a seasonal trend similar to that of the Missouri River in the combined Independence well field pumpage and the monitoring wells may indicate that the source of alachlor and atrazine to ground water is the land surface rather than the Missouri River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri024096","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Independence, Missouri","usgsCitation":"Kelly, B.P., 2002, Ground-water monitoring plan, water quality, and variability of agricultural chemicals in the Missouri River alluvial aquifer near the City of Independence, Missouri, well field, 1998-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4096, Report: iv, 20 p.; Tables: 1–19, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024096.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 20 p.; Tables: 1–19","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373920,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4096/tables.pdf","text":"Tables 1–19","size":"17.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2002–4096 Tables"},{"id":360436,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4096/wrir20024096.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.57 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2002–4096"},{"id":164636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4096/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Independence","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.50576782226562,\n              38.99036995221769\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.22492980957031,\n              38.99036995221769\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.22492980957031,\n              39.14816772482178\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.50576782226562,\n              39.14816772482178\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.50576782226562,\n              38.99036995221769\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cm-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cm-water\">Central Midwest Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1400 Independence Road<br>Rolla, MO 65401</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Ground-Water Monitoring Plan</li><li>Water-Quality Results</li><li>Spatial and Temporal Variability of Selected Agricultural Chemicals in Ground Water</li><li>Summary</li><li>References</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66749e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, Brian P. 0000-0001-6378-2837 bkelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-2837","contributorId":897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Brian","email":"bkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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