{"pageNumber":"2945","pageRowStart":"73600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184569,"records":[{"id":39823,"text":"wri024214 - 2002 - Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T09:19:15","indexId":"wri024214","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4214","title":"Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000","docAbstract":"During a period of sustained base-flow conditions in the Bill Williams River below Alamo Dam in west central Arizona from March to July 2000, the channel of the river through Planet Valley was dry, and the water table sloped almost due west parallel to the main slope of the flood plain. Water from the river infiltrated into the channel bottom at the head of Planet Valley, moved downgradient in the subsurface, and reappeared in the channel about 0.3 mile downstream from the east boundary of the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge. A river aquifer in hydraulic connection with the Bill Williams River was mapped from a point 6.3 miles upstream from Highway 95 to the upstream end of Planet Valley. Formations that make up the river aquifer in Planet Valley are younger alluvium, older alluviums, and fanglomerate. Total thickness of the river aquifer probably is less than 200 feet in the bedrock canyons to as much as 1,035 feet in Planet Valley. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current hydrologic conditions along the Bill Williams River, which included an inventory of wells within the river aquifer of the Colorado River and in Planet Valley, and to determine the configuration of the water table. A map shows the elevation and configuration of the water table from the east end of Planet Valley to the confluence of the Bill Williams River with Lake Havasu.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/wri024214","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.P., and Owen-Joyce, S.J., 2002, Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4214, ii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024214.","productDescription":"ii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288430,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288429,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4214/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge;Planet Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,34.0 ], [ -114.5,34.5 ], [ -113.5,34.5 ], [ -113.5,34.0 ], [ -114.5,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f9a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Richard P.","contributorId":96655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owen-Joyce, Sandra J. 0000-0002-4400-5618 sjowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-5618","contributorId":5215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen-Joyce","given":"Sandra","email":"sjowen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39809,"text":"wri014216 - 2002 - Occurrence and distribution of microbiological contamination and enteric viruses in shallow ground water in Baltimore and Harford counties, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:37","indexId":"wri014216","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4216","title":"Occurrence and distribution of microbiological contamination and enteric viruses in shallow ground water in Baltimore and Harford counties, Maryland","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Maryland Department of the Environment and the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, conducted a study to characterize the occurrence and distribution of viral contamination in small (withdrawing less than 10,000 gallons per day) public water-supply wells screened in the shallow aquifer in the Piedmont Physiographic Province in Baltimore and Harford Counties, Maryland. Two hundred sixty-three small public water-supply wells were in operation in these counties during the spring of 2000. Ninety-one of these sites were selected for sampling using a methodology that distributed the samples evenly over the population and the spatial extent of the study area. Each site, and its potential susceptibility to microbiological contamination, was evaluated with regard to hole depth, casing interval, and open interval. Each site was evaluated using characteristics such as on-site geology and on-site land use.Samples were collected by pumping between 200 and 400 gallons of untreated well water through an electropositive cartridge filter. Water concentrates were subjected to cell-culture assay for the detection of culturable viruses and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction/gene probe assays to detect viral ribonucleic acid; grab samples were analyzed for somatic and male-specific coliphages, Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium perfringens, enterococci, Escherichia coli, total coliforms, total oxidized nitrogen, nitrite, organic nitrogen, total phosphate, ortho-phosphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potas-sium, chloride, sulfate, iron, acid-neutralizing capacity, pH, specific conductance, temperature, and dissolved oxygen.One sample tested positive for the presence of the ribonucleic acid of rotavirus through poly-merase chain-reaction analysis. Twenty-nine per-cent of the samples (26 of 90) had bacterial con-tamination. About 7 percent of the samples (6 of 90) were contaminated with either male-specific coliphage, somatic coliphage, or bacteriophages of Bacteroides fragilis. About 3 percent of the sam-ples (3 of 87) had oxidized nitrogen concentra-tions that exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency?s Maximum Contaminant Level of 10.0 milligrams per liter. A statistical analysis showed that no significant relation exists between the presence of bacteria or coliphage and all variables, except the mean temperature of the water sample as measured in the field. Additionally, the concentration of total coliform bacteria had a statistically significant, moderately strong cor-relation with the concentration of sulfate and sample pH as measured at the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colorado.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014216","usgsCitation":"Banks, W.S., and Battigelli, D.A., 2002, Occurrence and distribution of microbiological contamination and enteric viruses in shallow ground water in Baltimore and Harford counties, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4216, iv, 39 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014216.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3550,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri01-4216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":172495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db696350","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, William S.L.","contributorId":35281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battigelli, David A.","contributorId":40657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battigelli","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39903,"text":"ofr02339 - 2002 - Vitrinite reflectance data for the Greater Green River basin, southwestern Wyoming, northwestern Colorado, and northeastern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T16:31:56","indexId":"ofr02339","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-339","title":"Vitrinite reflectance data for the Greater Green River basin, southwestern Wyoming, northwestern Colorado, and northeastern Utah","docAbstract":"

The Greater Green River Basin is a large Laramide (Late Cretaceous through Eocene) structural and sedimentary basin that encompasses about 25,000 square miles in southwestern Wyoming, northwestern Colorado, and northeastern Utah (fig. 1). Important conventional oil and gas resources have been discovered and produced from reservoirs ranging in age from Cambrian through Tertiary (Law, 1996). In addition, an extensive overpressured basin - centered gas accumulation has also been identified in Cretaceous and Tertiary reservoirs by numerous researchers including Law (1984a, 1996), Law and others (1980, 1989), McPeek (1981), and Spencer (1987). The purpose of this report is to present new vitrinite reflectance data to be used in support of the U.S Geological Survey assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Greater Green River Basin. One hundred eighty-six samples were collected from Cretaceous and Tertiary coalbearing strata (figs. 1 and 2) in an effort to better understand and characterize the thermal maturation and burial history of potential source rocks. Two samples were from core, one from outcrop, and the remainder from well cuttings. These data were collected to supplement previously published data by Law (1984b), Pawlewicz and others (1986), Merewether and others (1987), and Garcia-Gonzalez and Surdam (1995) and are presented in table 1.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02339","usgsCitation":"Pawlewicz, M.J., and Finn, T.M., 2002, Vitrinite reflectance data for the Greater Green River basin, southwestern Wyoming, northwestern Colorado, and northeastern Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-339, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02339.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3608,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-0339/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah, Wyoming","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pawlewicz, Mark J. pawlewicz@usgs.gov","contributorId":752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlewicz","given":"Mark","email":"pawlewicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, Thomas M. 0000-0001-6396-9351 finn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6396-9351","contributorId":778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Thomas","email":"finn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38176,"text":"fs03202 - 2002 - Pesticides and their breakdown products in Lake Waxahachie, Texas, and in finished drinking water from the lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T16:58:21","indexId":"fs03202","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"032-02","title":"Pesticides and their breakdown products in Lake Waxahachie, Texas, and in finished drinking water from the lake","docAbstract":"

Since 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program has collected pesticide data from streams and aquifers throughout the Nation (Gilliom and others, 1995). However, little published information on pesticides in public drinking water is available. The NAWQA Program usually collects data on the sources of drinking water but not on the finished drinking water. Therefore, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), in conjunction with the NAWQA Program, has initiated a nationwide pilot project to collect information on concentrations of pesticides and their breakdown products in finished drinking water, in source waters such as reservoirs, and in the basins that contribute water to the reservoirs.

The pilot project was designed to collect water samples from finished drinking-water supplies and the associated source water from selected reservoirs that receive runoff from a variety of land uses. Lake Waxahachie, in Ellis County in north-central Texas, was chosen to represent a reservoir receiving water that includes runoff from cotton cropland. This fact sheet presents the results of pesticide sampling of source water from Lake Waxahachie and in finished drinking water from the lake. Analyses are compared to indicate differences in pesticide detections and concentrations between lake water and finished drinking water.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs03202","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Ging, P.B., 2002, Pesticides and their breakdown products in Lake Waxahachie, Texas, and in finished drinking water from the lake: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 032-02, HTML Document; Report: 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs03202.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: 2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_032_02.bmp"},{"id":333156,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-032-02/pdf/FS_032-02.pdf","text":"Report","size":"762.74 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":3473,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs-032-02/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":" Lake Waxahachie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.79,\n 32.3\n ],\n [\n -96.79,\n 32.38\n ],\n [\n -96.88,\n 32.38\n ],\n [\n -96.88,\n 32.3\n ],\n [\n -96.79,\n 32.3\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ging, Patricia B. 0000-0001-5491-8448 pbging@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-8448","contributorId":1788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ging","given":"Patricia","email":"pbging@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69561,"text":"i2747 - 2002 - Geological map of the Kaiwan Fluctus Quadrangle (V-44), Venus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T14:15:08","indexId":"i2747","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2747","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Geological map of the Kaiwan Fluctus Quadrangle (V-44), Venus","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nThe Magellan spacecraft orbited Venus from August 10, 1990, until it plunged into the Venusian atmosphereon October 12, 1994. Magellan had the objectives of: (1) improving knowledge of the geologic processes, surface properties, and geologic history of Venus by analysis of surface radar characteristics, topography, and morphology and (2) improving knowledge of the geophysics of Venus by analysis of Venusian gravity.\r\n\r\nThe Magellan spacecraft carried a 12.6-cm radar system to map the surface of Venus. The transmitter and receiver systems were used to collect three datasets: synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the surface, passive microwave thermal emission observations, and measurements of the backscattered power at small angles of incidence, which were processed to yield altimetric data. Radar imaging and altimetric and radiometric mapping of the Venusian surface were done in mission cycles 1, 2, and 3, from September 1990 until September of 1992.\r\n\r\nNinety-eight percent of the surface was mapped with radar resolution of approximately 120 meters. The SAR observations were projected to a 75-m nominal horizontal resolution; these full-resolution data compose the image base used in geologic mapping. The primary polarization mode was horizontal-transmit, horizontal receive (HH), but additional data for selected areas were collected for the vertical polarization sense. Incidence angles varied from about 20? to 45?.\r\n\r\nHigh-resolution Doppler tracking of the spacecraft was done from September 1992 through October 1994 (mission cycles 4, 5, 6). High-resolution gravity observations from about 950 orbits were obtained between September 1992 and May 1993, while Magellan was in an elliptical orbit with a periapsis near 175 kilometers and an apoapsis near 8,000 kilometers. Observations from an additional 1,500 orbits were obtained following orbit-circularization in mid-1993. These data exist as a 75? by 75? harmonic field.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/i2747","usgsCitation":"Bridges, N.T., and McGill, G.E., 2002, Geological map of the Kaiwan Fluctus Quadrangle (V-44), Venus: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2747, Sheet 1, 46 by 40 inches (in color); sheet 2, 54 by 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2747.","productDescription":"Sheet 1, 46 by 40 inches (in color); sheet 2, 54 by 36 inches","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10443,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i2747/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"4711886","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687851","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridges, Nathan T.","contributorId":45005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGill, George E.","contributorId":47462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGill","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39900,"text":"ofr2002330 - 2002 - Water and sediment study of the Snake River watershed, Colorado, Oct. 9-12, 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T16:24:39","indexId":"ofr2002330","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-330","title":"Water and sediment study of the Snake River watershed, Colorado, Oct. 9-12, 2001","docAbstract":"The Snake River watershed, located upstream from Dillon Reservoir in the central mountains of\r\nColorado, has been affected by historical base-metal mining. Trout stocked in the Snake River for\r\nrecreational purposes do not survive through the winter. Sediment cores analyzed by previous\r\ninvestigators from the reservoir revealed elevated concentrations of base metals and mercury. We\r\ncollected 36 surface water samples (filtered and unfiltered) and 38 streambed-sediment samples from\r\nstreams in the Snake River watershed. Analyses of the sediment and water samples show that\r\nconcentrations of several metals exceed aquatic life standards in one or both media. Ribbon maps\r\nshowing dissolved concentrations of zinc, cadmium, copper, and manganese in water (0.45-micron\r\nfiltered and corrected for the ameliorating effect of hardness), and copper, cadmium, and zinc in sediment\r\nindicate reaches where toxic effects on trout would be expected and stream reaches where toxicity\r\nstandards for rainbow, brown, and brook trout are exceeded.\r\nInstantaneous loads for sulfate, strontium, iron, cadmium, copper, and zinc were calculated from\r\n0.45-micron-filtered water concentrations and discharge measurements were made at each site. Sulfate\r\nand strontium behave conservatively, whereas copper, cadmium, and zinc are reactive. The dissolved\r\ncopper load entering the reservoir is less than 20 percent of the value calculated from some upper reaches;\r\ncopper is transferred to suspended and or streambed sediment by sorption to iron oxyhydroxides. Higher\r\npercentages of zinc and cadmium reach the reservoir in dissolved form; however, load calculations\r\nindicate that some of these metals are also precipitated out of solution. The most effective remediation\r\nactivities should be concentrated on reducing the dissolved loads of zinc, cadmium, and copper in two\r\nreaches of lower Peru Creek between the confluence with the Snake River and Cinnamon Gulch.\r\nWe analyzed all streambed sediment for mercury and selected streambed-sediment and reservoir\r\ncore samples for lead isotope signatures. Results indicate that the mercury anomaly in the reservoir\r\nsediment was not from any known source in the Snake River, Blue River, or Tenmile Creek watersheds.\r\nIts source remains an enigma.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2002330","usgsCitation":"Fey, D., Church, S.E., Unruh, D., and Bove, D.J., 2002, Water and sediment study of the Snake River watershed, Colorado, Oct. 9-12, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-330, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2002330.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3605,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-0330/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb6df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fey, D.L.","contributorId":44537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Church, S. E.","contributorId":58260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Unruh, D.M.","contributorId":8498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bove, D. J.","contributorId":70767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bove","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":39902,"text":"ofr02332 - 2002 - Slope evolution at the Calvert Cliffs, Maryland — Measuring the change from eroding bluffs to stable slopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-29T20:48:49.472544","indexId":"ofr02332","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-332","title":"Slope evolution at the Calvert Cliffs, Maryland — Measuring the change from eroding bluffs to stable slopes","docAbstract":"Despite a long history of geomorphic studies, it is difficult to ascertain the time required for slopes to change from near vertical exposures to relatively stable slopes due to inadequate age control. Actively eroding coastal bluffs along the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay provide a key for understanding the centennial-scale development of stable slopes from eroding bluff faces. The Calvert Cliffs are composed of sandy silts, silty sands, and clayey silts of Miocene-age. Active wave erosion at the bluff toes encourages rapid sloughing from bluff faces and maintains slope angles of 70-80 degrees and relatively constant bluff-retreat rates. Naturally stabilized slopes are preserved as a fossil bluff line inland from a prograding cuspate foreland at Cove Point. The foreland is migrating southward at a rate of ca. 1.5 m/yr. As it moves south, it progressively protects bluffs from wave action as new beaches are deposited at their toes. Wave erosion is reinitiated at the northern end of the complex as the landform passes. An incremental record of slope change is preserved along the fossil bluff line. 14C dating of swales between beach ridges shows the complex to span 1700 years of progressive migration history. We hypothesized that slopes would change from steep, eroding faces to low-angle slopes covered with vegetation and sought to document the rate of change. Our team measured slope angles at intervals along the fossil bluff line and dated profiles by interpolating 14C ages of adjacent beach ridges. There was no progressive decrease in slope with age. All slopes along the fossil bluff line were 30-40 degrees with a mean of 35 degrees. Constancy in slope angle suggests that steep, actively eroding bluffs were quickly changed to stable slopes by landslides and slumping once they were protected. Given the accuracy of our age control, we conclude that the time required to attain a stable slope under natural processes is less than one century. This indicates that once toe erosion is ended (naturally or through engineering) slopes are reduced to 35-degrees over a period of decades and not centuries.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02332","usgsCitation":"Herzog, M., Larsen, C.E., and McRae, M., 2002, Slope evolution at the Calvert Cliffs, Maryland — Measuring the change from eroding bluffs to stable slopes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-332, 1 Plates: 68.18 × 34.17 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02332.","productDescription":"1 Plates: 68.18 × 34.17 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3607,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-332/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":409818,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52772.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Calvert Cliffs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.53195085440566,\n 38.509545743938475\n ],\n [\n -76.53195085440566,\n 38.37767482554915\n ],\n [\n -76.3957317471505,\n 38.37767482554915\n ],\n [\n -76.3957317471505,\n 38.509545743938475\n ],\n [\n -76.53195085440566,\n 38.509545743938475\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee99c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herzog, Martha","contributorId":65525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Martha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larsen, Curtis E.","contributorId":37731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McRae, Michele","contributorId":85249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McRae","given":"Michele","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39891,"text":"ofr02143 - 2002 - Comparison of vapor concentrations of volatile organic compounds with ground-water concentrations of selected contaminants in sediments beneath the Sudbury River, Ashland, Massachusetts, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:16","indexId":"ofr02143","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-143","title":"Comparison of vapor concentrations of volatile organic compounds with ground-water concentrations of selected contaminants in sediments beneath the Sudbury River, Ashland, Massachusetts, 2000","docAbstract":"A mixed plume of contaminants in ground water, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and metals, near the former Nyanza property in Ashland, Massachusetts, discharges to the Sudbury River upstream and downstream of Mill Pond and a former mill raceway. Polyethylene-membrane vapor-diffusion (PVD) samplers were installed in river-bottom sediments to determine if PVD samplers provide an alternative to ground-water sampling from well points for identifying areas of detectable concentrations of contaminants in sediment pore water near the ground-water and surface-water interface. In August and September 2000, the PVD samplers were installed near well points at depths of 8 to 12 inches in both fine and coarse sediments, whereas the well points were installed at depths of 1 to 5 feet in coarse sediments only.\r\rComparison between vapor and water samples at 29 locations upstream from Mill Pond show that VOC vapor concentrations from PVD samplers in coarse river-bottom sediments are more likely to correspond to ground-water concentrations from well points than PVD samplers installed in fine sediments. Significant correlations based on Kendall's Tau were shown between vapor and ground-water concentrations for trichloroethylene and chlorobenzene for PVD samplers installed in coarse sediments where the fine organic layer that separated the two sampling depths was 1 foot or less in thickness.\r\rVOC concentrations from vapor samples also were compared to VOC, SVOC, and metals concentrations from ground-water samples at 10 well points installed upstream and downstream from Mill Pond, and in the former mill raceway. Chlorobenzene vapor concentrations correlated significantly with ground-water concentrations for 5 VOCs, 2 SVOCs, and 10 metals. Trichloroethylene vapor concentrations did not correlate with any of the other ground-water constituents analyzed at the 10 well points. Chlorobenzene detected by use of PVD samplers appears to be a strong indicator of the presence of VOCs, SVOCs, and metals in ground water sampled from well points at this site.\r\rResults from PVD samplers indicate that contaminant concentrations in water from well points installed 1 to 5 ft below fine sediments may not reflect concentrations in pore water less than 1 foot below the river bottom. There is insufficient information available to determine if VOC concentrations detected in PVD samplers are useful for identifying detectable aqueous concentrations of SVOCs and metals in sediment pore water at this site. Samples of pore water from a similar depth as PVD samplers are needed for confirmation of this objective.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02143","usgsCitation":"Campbell, J., Lyford, F.P., and Willey, R.E., 2002, Comparison of vapor concentrations of volatile organic compounds with ground-water concentrations of selected contaminants in sediments beneath the Sudbury River, Ashland, Massachusetts, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-143, iv, 33 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02143.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3601,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr02143/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa6d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, J.P.","contributorId":80310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyford, F. P.","contributorId":30223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyford","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willey, Richard E.","contributorId":39381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willey","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39772,"text":"fs07202 - 2002 - Resource assessment of the Springfield, Herrin, Danville, and Baker coals in the Illinois Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:19","indexId":"fs07202","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"072-02","title":"Resource assessment of the Springfield, Herrin, Danville, and Baker coals in the Illinois Basin","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs07202","usgsCitation":"Hatch, J., Jacobson, R., Mastalerz, M., Andrews, W., Weisenfluh, J., Affolter, R., and Gunther, G., 2002, Resource assessment of the Springfield, Herrin, Danville, and Baker coals in the Illinois Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 072-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07202.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_072_02.bmp"},{"id":3541,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-0072-02/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629d89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Joe","contributorId":50204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, Russ","contributorId":66766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Russ","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":105788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[{"id":17608,"text":"Indiana Univesity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":222136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andrews, William 0000-0003-3480-0236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3480-0236","contributorId":63869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weisenfluh, Jerry","contributorId":18047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisenfluh","given":"Jerry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Affolter, Ron","contributorId":22832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Affolter","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gunther, Greg","contributorId":20812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunther","given":"Greg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":39898,"text":"ofr02305 - 2002 - Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan for the Alabama District of the U. S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:16","indexId":"ofr02305","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-305","title":"Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan for the Alabama District of the U. S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, has a policy that requires each District office to prepare a Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan. The plan for each District describes the policies and procedures that ensure high quality in the collection, processing, analysis, computer storage, and publication of surface-water data. The Alabama District Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the District for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of surface-water data.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02305","usgsCitation":"Hedgecock, T.S., Pearman, J.L., and Stricklin, V.E., 2002, Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan for the Alabama District of the U. S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-305, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02305.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0305/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67739,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0305/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696871","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedgecock, T. Scott","contributorId":20783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedgecock","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearman, J. Leroy","contributorId":75188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Leroy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stricklin, Victor E.","contributorId":69193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricklin","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39890,"text":"ofr0231 - 2002 - Archive of datasonic SIS-1000 chirp subbottom data collected during USGS cruise K-1-95-PS Lake Washington, State of Washington, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:16","indexId":"ofr0231","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-31","title":"Archive of datasonic SIS-1000 chirp subbottom data collected during USGS cruise K-1-95-PS Lake Washington, State of Washington, 1995","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0231","usgsCitation":"Lyon, C.J., Brink, U., Nealon, J., Danforth, W., and Kayen, R., 2002, Archive of datasonic SIS-1000 chirp subbottom data collected during USGS cruise K-1-95-PS Lake Washington, State of Washington, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-31, 3 CD-ROMs : col. ill., col. maps ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0231.","productDescription":"3 CD-ROMs : col. ill., col. maps ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679c5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyon, Christopher J.","contributorId":20811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyon","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brink, Uri","contributorId":22413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brink","given":"Uri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nealon, J.W.","contributorId":95111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nealon","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Danforth, William","contributorId":49026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kayen, Robert","contributorId":12030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":39822,"text":"wri024194 - 2002 - Selected elements and organic chemicals in streambed sediment in the Salem area, Oregon, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T09:15:35","indexId":"wri024194","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4194","title":"Selected elements and organic chemicals in streambed sediment in the Salem area, Oregon, 1999","docAbstract":"

Analysis of streambed sediments in the Salem, Oregon, area showed anomalously large concentrations of some elements and organic chemicals, indicating contamination from anthropogenic and/or geologic sources. The streambed sediment sample from Clark Creek, an urban basin, had large concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hyrdocarbons (PAHs), organochlorines, cadmium, lead, and zinc. The sample from the East Fork of Pringle Creek, which is a mostly urban basin, had the highest concentrations of DDD, DDE, and DDT compounds. Aldrin was detected in streambed sediment at only one site, the East Fork of Pringle Creek. Ten of the 14 sites sampled had exceedances of the sediment quality guidelines of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), and 8 sites had exceedances of guidelines from the Puget Sound Dredged Disposal Analysis (PSDDA) Program.

\n

Trace element concentrations in the Salem area generally were similar to those found previously in the Willamette Basin and nationally. However, cadmium, lead, and zinc concentrations were larger in the sample from Clark Creek than for largest value for Willamette Basin data from earlier studies. Zinc concentrations in the sample from Clark Creek exceeded sediment quality guidelines from the CCME and PSDDA.

\n

p,p'-DDE, which is a persistent breakdown product of the banned organochlorine-insecticide, DDT, was detected at all sites. Total DDT (the sum of p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE, and p,p'-DDT) concentrations exceeded the PSDDA screening level at eight sites and exceeded twice the PSDDA maximum level at the East Fork of Pringle Creek. Cis- and trans- chlordanes were detected at about 80% of the sites. The concentration of total chlordane for the sample at Clark Creek was larger than for any sample from previous Willamette Basin studies. The largest concentration of dieldrin also was from the sample at Clark Creek, which was the only site that exceeded the CCME guideline for dieldrin.

\n

The high levels of contaminants in some Salem area streams indicates the need for further study to assess the biological effects of these contaminants. Future monitoring in the Salem area could include bioassays using benthic invertebrates and the measurement of organochlorine compounds, including DDT, DDE, DDD, and dieldrin in fish tissue. Because resident fish may be consumed by humans and wildlife, fish tissue analyses would be helpful to determine the health risk associated with fish consumption.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024194","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Salem, Oregon","usgsCitation":"Tanner, D.Q., 2002, Selected elements and organic chemicals in streambed sediment in the Salem Area, Oregon, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 02–4194, 43 p..","productDescription":"43 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164931,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4194/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":3561,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4194/wri02-4194.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PDF of report"}],"contact":"

Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
http://or.water.usgs.gov 

","tableOfContents":"","publishedDate":"2002-09-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9774","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanner, Dwight Q.","contributorId":93452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69316,"text":"mf2398 - 2002 - Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Depot Hill, Santa Cruz County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:22","indexId":"mf2398","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2398","title":"Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Depot Hill, Santa Cruz County, California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe coastal cliffs along much of the central California coast are actively retreating. Large storms and periodic earthquakes are responsible for most of the documented seacliff slope failures. Long-term average erosion rates calculated for this section of coast (Moore and others, 1999) do not provide the spatial or temporal data resolution necessary to identify the processes responsible for retreat of the seacliffs, where episodic retreat threatens homes and community infrastructure. Research suggests that more erosion occurs along the California coast over a short time scale, during periods of severe storms or seismic activity, than occurs during decades of normal weather or seismic quiescence (Griggs and Scholar, 1998; Griggs, 1994; Plant and Griggs, 1990; Griggs and Johnson, 1979 and 1983; Kuhn and Shepard, 1979).\r\n\r\nThis is the first map in a series of maps documenting the processes of short-term seacliff retreat through the identification of slope failure styles, spatial variability of failures, and temporal variation in retreat amounts in an area that has been identified as an erosion hotspot (Moore and others, 1999; Griggs and Savoy, 1985). This map presents seacliff failure and retreat data from Depot Hill, California, which is located five kilometers east of Santa Cruz (fig.1) near the town of Capitola, along the northern Monterey Bay coast. The data presented in this map series provide high-resolution spatial and temporal information on the location, amount, and processes of seacliff retreat in Santa Cruz, California. These data show the response of the seacliffs to both large magnitude earthquakes and severe climatic events such as El NiOos; this information may prove useful in predicting the future response of the cliffs to events of similar magnitude. The map data can also be incorporated into Global Information System (GIS) for use by researchers and community planners.\r\n\r\nFour sets of vertical aerial photographs (Oct. 18, 1989; Jan. 27, 1998; Feb. 9, 1998; and March 6, 1998) were orthorectified and digital terrain models (DTMs) were generated and edited for this study (see Hapke and Richmond, 2000, for description of techniques). The earliest set of photography is from 1989, taken immediately following the Loma Prieta earthquake. These photographs are used to document the response of the seacliffs to seismic shaking, as well as to establish an initial cliff-edge position to measure the amount of retreat of the cliff edge over the following decade. The remaining three sets of photographs were collected using the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal Aerial Mapping System (CAMS) during the 1997-98 El NiOo (see Hapke and Richmond, 1999, 2000). The CAMS photographs were taken before, during, and after severe storms and are used to examine seacliff response to these storms. In addition to the analyses of photogrammetrically processed data, field mapping identified joints, faults, and lithologic variations along this section of seacliff.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/mf2398","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C.J., Richmond, B.M., and D’Iorio, M.M., 2002, Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Depot Hill, Santa Cruz County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2398, Map: 54 x 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2398.","productDescription":"Map: 54 x 34 inches","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110347,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52328.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52328"},{"id":187616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9549,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2398/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.91777777777779,35.967777777777776 ], [ -122.91777777777779,36.966944444444444 ], [ -121.93388888888889,36.966944444444444 ], [ -121.93388888888889,35.967777777777776 ], [ -122.91777777777779,35.967777777777776 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64b065","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl J. 0000-0002-2753-4075 chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":2981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":280060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Iorio, Mimi M.","contributorId":45003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Iorio","given":"Mimi","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39895,"text":"ofr02270 - 2002 - \"Report upon the extinct Vertebrata obtained in New Mexico by parties of the expedition of 1874,\" by Edward D. Cope; a digital archive with multimedia annotations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:16","indexId":"ofr02270","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-270","title":"\"Report upon the extinct Vertebrata obtained in New Mexico by parties of the expedition of 1874,\" by Edward D. Cope; a digital archive with multimedia annotations","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02270","usgsCitation":"McKinney, K.C., Chancy, D.S., Williamson, T.E., and Tedford, R.H., 2002, \"Report upon the extinct Vertebrata obtained in New Mexico by parties of the expedition of 1874,\" by Edward D. Cope; a digital archive with multimedia annotations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-270, One CD-ROM., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02270.","productDescription":"One CD-ROM.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4901e4b0b290850eeccb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinney, Kevin C. kcmckinney@usgs.gov","contributorId":3406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinney","given":"Kevin","email":"kcmckinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chancy, Dan S.","contributorId":33370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chancy","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williamson, Thomas E.","contributorId":103345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tedford, Richard H.","contributorId":76728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tedford","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":39894,"text":"ofr02269 - 2002 - Publications of Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T14:58:07.568208","indexId":"ofr02269","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-269","title":"Publications of Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2001","docAbstract":"The Western Earth Surface Processes Team (WESPT) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts geologic mapping and related topical earth-science studies in the Western United States. This work is focused on areas where modern geologic maps and associated earth-science data are needed to address key societal and environmental issues, such as ground-water quality, landslides and other potential geologic hazards, and land-use decisions. Areas of primary emphasis in 2001 included southern California, the San Francisco Bay region, the Pacific Northwest, and the Las Vegas urban corridor. The team has its headquarters in Menlo Park, California, and maintains smaller field offices at several other locations in the Western United States.\n\nThe results of research conducted by the WESPT are released to the public as a variety of databases, maps, text reports, and abstracts, both through the internal publication system of the USGS and in diverse external publications such as scientific journals and books. This report lists publications of the WESPT released in 2001, as well as additional 1999 and 2000 publications that were not included in the previous list (USGS Open-File Report 00–215 and USGS Open-File Report 01–198). Most of the publications listed were authored or coauthored by WESPT staff. The list also includes some publications authored by non-USGS cooperators with the WESPT, as well as some authored by USGS staff outside the WESPT in cooperation with WESPT projects.\n\nSeveral of the publications listed are available on the World Wide Web; for these, URL addresses are provided. Many of these web publications are USGS Open-File Reports that contain large digital databases of geologic map and related information.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02269","usgsCitation":"Powell, I.C., and Graymer, R., 2002, Publications of Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-269, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02269.","productDescription":"20 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":170410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02269.jpg"},{"id":3602,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0269/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283714,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0269/pdf/of02-269.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a83a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, II Charles Charles,(compiler)","contributorId":37254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"II","suffix":"Charles,(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graymer, R. W.","contributorId":21174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39892,"text":"ofr02201 - 2002 - Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":39892,"text":"ofr02201 - 2002 - Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes","indexId":"ofr02201","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":50805,"text":"ofr20035 - 2003 - Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method and Simplified Decoupled Analysis to Model Slope Performance During Earthquakes","indexId":"ofr20035","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method and Simplified Decoupled Analysis to Model Slope Performance During Earthquakes"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":50805,"text":"ofr20035 - 2003 - Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method and Simplified Decoupled Analysis to Model Slope Performance During Earthquakes","indexId":"ofr20035","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Java Programs for Using Newmark's Method and Simplified Decoupled Analysis to Model Slope Performance During Earthquakes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:16","indexId":"ofr02201","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-201","title":"Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02201","isbn":"0607990260","usgsCitation":"Jibson, R.W., and Jibson, M.W., 2002, Java programs for using Newmark's method to model slope performance during earthquakes (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-201, 1 CD-ROM : col. ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02201.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM : col. ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db666fa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jibson, Randall W. 0000-0003-3399-0875 jibson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-0875","contributorId":2985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"Randall","email":"jibson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jibson, Matthew W.","contributorId":69199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39893,"text":"ofr02264 - 2002 - Digital geologic map of Sherman quadrangle, north central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-14T20:55:30.267246","indexId":"ofr02264","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-264","title":"Digital geologic map of Sherman quadrangle, north central Texas","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02264","usgsCitation":"Masoner, J.R., Burden, D.S., and Short, T.E., 2002, Digital geologic map of Sherman quadrangle, north central Texas (Edition 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-264, 1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in; GIS Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02264.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in; GIS Metadata","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273770,"rank":3,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/geology.xml"},{"id":266778,"rank":2,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0264/disc.zip"},{"id":258677,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0264/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":273763,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/faults.xml"},{"id":400787,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52735.htm"},{"id":258676,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0264/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Sherman quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -98,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -98,\n 33\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Edition 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d454","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masoner, Jason R. 0000-0002-4829-6379 jmasoner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-6379","contributorId":3193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masoner","given":"Jason","email":"jmasoner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burden, David S.","contributorId":74055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Short, Tom E.","contributorId":22416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39901,"text":"ofr02331 - 2002 - Historic bluff retreat and stabilization at Flag Harbor, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:16","indexId":"ofr02331","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-331","title":"Historic bluff retreat and stabilization at Flag Harbor, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland","docAbstract":"Studies of bluff erosion and slope stability along the western shore of Chesapeake Bay suggest relative evolution from steep, eroding coastal bluffs to stable slopes at angles of repose ca. 35 degrees over decades. Because of the dating methods in those studies, it was impossible to precisely define rates of change. The present study provides historic age control. A pair of small harbor structures were constructed in the early 1950's at Chesapeake Beach, MD to maintain a dredged channel to a small marina occupying a ravine in the Calvert Cliffs. Prior to construction, this section of shoreline was comprised of eroding steep bluffs cut into Miocene-age sediments. Downdrift erosion is now apparent south of the structures as is updrift deposition behind the northern jetty. Since construction the updrift sand body has prograded northward and progressively deposited protective beaches along the toes of the bluffs. Former eroding bluffs nearest the harbor are now stable, vegetated slopes at angles near 35 degrees. Slope angles widen to the north and to the northern limit of the sand body. Beyond this are eroding bluffs standing at angles of 70-80 degrees. The relative time required for eroding bluffs to reach stability is estimated by interpolating the distance and time for the sand body to prograde northward since harbor construction. We measured slope angles at intervals northward from the updrift structure for a distance of 2000 feet. A least squares regression of slope angle vs distance showed progressive decrease in angle from north to south. Actively eroding 70-80 degree bluffs gave way to vegetated, but slumping slopes, and finally to stable 35-degree slopes at the harbor. A relationship between time and distance along the shore allowed us to estimate a stabilization time for this location of 35-40 years. The shortness of this time scale allows us to suggest that attempts to artificially stabilize eroding bluffs along this coast is not a simple task of protecting the toes of slopes from wave action. Once shoreline retreat ends, sloughing of sediment from bluff faces gives way to longer-term landslide processes. The bluff top recedes until a stable 35-degree slope is attained. Thus, simple shoreline protection methods may not preserve property at the bluff edge.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02331","usgsCitation":"Clark, I.E., Larsen, C.E., and McRae, M., 2002, Historic bluff retreat and stabilization at Flag Harbor, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-331, 1 over-size sheet., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02331.","productDescription":"1 over-size sheet.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3606,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-331/ ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62eea1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Inga E. 0000-0003-0084-0256 iclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-0256","contributorId":3256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Inga","email":"iclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larsen, Curtis E.","contributorId":37731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McRae, Michele","contributorId":85249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McRae","given":"Michele","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39896,"text":"ofr02296 - 2002 - Liquefaction hazard and shaking amplification maps of Alameda, Berkeley, Emeryville, Oakland, and Piedmont, California: a digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:16","indexId":"ofr02296","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-296","title":"Liquefaction hazard and shaking amplification maps of Alameda, Berkeley, Emeryville, Oakland, and Piedmont, California: a digital database","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02296","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T.L., Bennett, M.J., Noce, T.E., Tinsley, A.C., and Tinsley, J., 2002, Liquefaction hazard and shaking amplification maps of Alameda, Berkeley, Emeryville, Oakland, and Piedmont, California: a digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-296, 11 p., 4 over-size sheets, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02296.","productDescription":"11 p., 4 over-size sheets","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110336,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52050.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52050"},{"id":170412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3603,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-296/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4fe4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, Thomas L. tholzer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"Thomas","email":"tholzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, Michael J. mjbennett@usgs.gov","contributorId":2783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Michael","email":"mjbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noce, Thomas E. tnoce@usgs.gov","contributorId":3174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noce","given":"Thomas","email":"tnoce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tinsley, Amy C.","contributorId":93961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tinsley, John C. 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no abstract available. 

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No abstract available. 

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No abstract available.

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