A combination of bathymetric surveying and bottom-sediment coring was used to investigate sediment deposition and the occurrence of selected nutrients (total ammonia plus organic nitrogen and total phosphorus), 44 metals and trace elements, 15 organochlorine compounds, and 1 radionuclide in bottom sediment of Tuttle Creek Lake, northeast Kansas. The total estimated volume and mass of bottom sediment deposited from 1962 through 1999 in the original conservation-pool area of the lake was 6,170 million cubic feet (142,000 acre-feet) and 292,400 million pounds (133,000 million kilograms), respectively. The volume of sediment occupies about 33 percent of the original conservation-pool, water-storage capacity of the lake. Mean annual net sediment deposition since 1962 was estimated to be 7,900 million pounds (3,600 million kilograms). Mean annual net sediment yield from the Tuttle Creek Lake Basin was estimated to be 821,000 pounds per square mile (1,440 kilograms per hectare).
The estimated mean annual net loads of total ammonia plus organic nitrogen and total phosphorus deposited in the bottom sediment of Tuttle Creek Lake were 6,350,000 pounds per year (2,880,000 kilograms per year) and 3,330,000 pounds per year (1,510,000 kilograms per year), respectively. The estimated mean annual net yields of total ammonia plus organic nitrogen and total phosphorus from the Tuttle Creek Lake Basin were 657 pounds per square mile per year (1.15 kilograms per hectare per year) and 348 pounds per square mile per year (0.61 kilograms per hectare per year), respectively. No statistically significant trend for total phosphorus deposition in the bottom sediment of Tuttle Creek Lake was indicated (trend analysis for total ammonia plus organic nitrogen was not performed).
On the basis of available sediment-quality guidelines, the concentrations of arsenic, chromium, copper, nickel, silver, and zinc in the bottom sediment of Tuttle Creek Lake frequently or typically exceeded the threshold-effects levels established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Sediment concentrations of metals and trace elements were relatively uniform over time. Organochlorine compounds either were not detected or were detected at concentrations generally less than the threshold-effects levels. Following an initial positive trend, a statistically significant negative depositional trend was indicated for DDE (degradation product of DDT), which was consistent with the history of DDT use. Other organochlorine compounds detected included aldrin, DDD, and dieldrin.
Notable changes in human activity within the basin included a substantial increase in the production of grain corn and soybeans from the 1960s to the 1990s. This increase in production was accompanied by a pronounced increase in the number of irrigated acres. Also, during the same time period, there was an overall increase in hog production. These changes in human activity have not had a discernible effect on the deposition of chemical constituents in the bottom sediment of Tuttle Creek Lake.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri024048","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., and Mau, D.P., 2002, Sediment deposition and occurrence of selected nutrients and other chemical constituents in bottom sediment, Tuttle Creek Lake, Northeast Kansas, 1962–99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4048, vi, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024048.","productDescription":"vi, 73 p.","numberOfPages":"80","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400527,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51619.htm"},{"id":360181,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4048/wrir20024048.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2002–4048"}],"scale":"197000","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Tuttle Creek Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.7667,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -96.533,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -96.533,\n 39.5667\n ],\n [\n -96.7667,\n 39.5667\n ],\n [\n -96.7667,\n 39.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049
This research aims at building a decision support system (DSS) for selecting an optimum projection considering various factors, such as pixel size, areal extent, number of categories, spatial pattern of categories, resampling methods, and error correction methods. Specifically, this research will investigate three goals theoretically and empirically and, using the already developed empirical base of knowledge with these results, develop an expert system for map projection of raster data for regional and global database modeling. The three theoretical goals are as follows:
(1) The development of a dynamic projection that adjusts projection formulas for latitude on the basis of raster cell size to maintain equal-sized cells.
(2) The investigation of the relationships between the raster representation and the distortion of features, number of categories, and spatial pattern.
(3) The development of an error correction and resampling procedure that is based on error analysis of raster projection.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01383","usgsCitation":"Usery, E., Seong, J., Steinwand, D., and Finn, M., 2002, Methods to achieve accurate projection of regional and global raster databases: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-383, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01383.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0383/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60867,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0383/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62cec1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Usery, E.L.","contributorId":45355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seong, J.C.","contributorId":104109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seong","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steinwand, D.R.","contributorId":84806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinwand","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finn, M.P.","contributorId":73246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":34950,"text":"b2192 - 2002 - Reconnaissance study of the geology of U.S. vermiculite deposits: Are asbestos minerals common constituents?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-14T10:20:28","indexId":"b2192","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2192","title":"Reconnaissance study of the geology of U.S. vermiculite deposits: Are asbestos minerals common constituents?","docAbstract":"Unusually high incidences of asbestos-related mortality and respiratory disease in the small town of Libby, Montana, have been linked to amphibole mineral fibers intergrown with the vermiculite deposits mined and milled near the town from 1923 to 1990. A study conducted by the U.S. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry concluded that mortality due to asbestosis in Libby mine and mill workers and residents during 1979 to 1998 was much higher than expected for a similar Montana or United States population group. Recent medical testing of past and present mineworkers and residents of Libby showed lung abnormalities in nearly one-fifth of the adult study participants. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, under Superfund authority, is completing sampling and cleanup of asbestos-bearing materials in the mine, mill, and town sites. The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a study, reviewed herein, to investigate the mineral content of other U.S. vermiculite deposits and to determine if the amphibole asbestos minerals like those found in the Libby deposits are common in other vermiculite deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/b2192","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., Lowers, H., Bush, A., Meeker, G.P., Plumlee, G.S., Brownfield, I.K., and Sutley, S.J., 2002, Reconnaissance study of the geology of U.S. vermiculite deposits: Are asbestos minerals common constituents? (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2192, iii, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2192.","productDescription":"iii, 8 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":343852,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3403,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2192/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","city":"Libby","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.625,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -115.375,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -115.375,\n 48.375\n ],\n [\n -115.625,\n 48.375\n ],\n [\n -115.625,\n 48.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db63577f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":213870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowers, Heather 0000-0001-5360-9264 hlowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":213868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bush, Alfred L.","contributorId":48977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Alfred L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meeker, Gregory P.","contributorId":62974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":213869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brownfield, Isabelle K.","contributorId":97108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Isabelle","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sutley, Stephen J.","contributorId":60296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutley","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":38285,"text":"pp1657 - 2002 - Composition, age, and petrogenesis of Late Cretaceous intrusive rocks in the central Big Belt Mountains, Broadwater and Meagher counties, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T08:53:16","indexId":"pp1657","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1657","title":"Composition, age, and petrogenesis of Late Cretaceous intrusive rocks in the central Big Belt Mountains, Broadwater and Meagher counties, Montana","docAbstract":"Cretaceous intrusions hosted by the Proterozoic Newland Formation. The northern intrusion, centered on Boulder Baldy, consists of outer, intermediate, and core zones composed of aegirine-augite quartz monzonite, hornblende quartz monzodiorite, and biotite granodiorite, respectively. The southern intrusion, north of Mount Edith, is compositionally indistinguishable from the intermediate zone of the northern intrusion.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/pp1657","usgsCitation":"Du Bray, E., and Snee, L., 2002, Composition, age, and petrogenesis of Late Cretaceous intrusive rocks in the central Big Belt Mountains, Broadwater and Meagher counties, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1657, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1657.","productDescription":"30 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3512,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1657/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":122078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1657/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64662,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1657/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Broadwater, Meagher","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a808d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du Bray, E. A.","contributorId":22333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Du Bray","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32938,"text":"ofr02183 - 2002 - Experiments in seismometer azimuth determination by comparing the sensor signal outputs with the signal output of an oriented sensor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T15:21:41","indexId":"ofr02183","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-183","title":"Experiments in seismometer azimuth determination by comparing the sensor signal outputs with the signal output of an oriented sensor","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02183","usgsCitation":"Holcomb, G.L., 2002, Experiments in seismometer azimuth determination by comparing the sensor signal outputs with the signal output of an oriented sensor: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-183, 205 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02183.","productDescription":"205 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3101,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-0183/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8e23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holcomb, Gary L.","contributorId":55050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holcomb","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33012,"text":"wri024073 - 2002 - Sediment deposition and selected water-quality characteristics in Cedar Lake and Lake Olathe, Northeast Kansas, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-21T16:31:57","indexId":"wri024073","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4073","displayTitle":"Sediment Deposition and Selected Water-Quality Characteristics in Cedar Lake and Lake Olathe, Northeast Kansas, 2000","title":"Sediment deposition and selected water-quality characteristics in Cedar Lake and Lake Olathe, Northeast Kansas, 2000","docAbstract":"The Lake Olathe watershed, located in northeast Kansas, was investigated using bathymetric survey data and reservoir bottom-sediment cores to determine sediment deposition, water-quality trends, and transport of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen species), selected trace elements, selected pesticides, and diatoms as indicators of eutrophic (organic-enriched and depleted oxygen supply) conditions. To determine sediment deposition and loads, bathymetric data from Cedar Lake and Lake Olathe, both located in the Lake Olathe watershed, were collected in 2000 and compared to historical topographic data collected when the lakes were built.
Approximately 338 acre-feet of sediment deposition has occurred in Cedar Lake since dam closure in 1938, and 317 acre-feet has occurred at Lake Olathe since 1956. Mean annual sediment deposition was 5.45 acre-feet per year (0.89 acre-feet per year per square mile) for Cedar Lake and 7.0 acre-feet per year (0.42 acre-feet per year per square mile) for Lake Olathe. Mean annual sediment loads for the two reservoirs were 9.6 million pounds per year for Cedar Lake and 12.6 million pounds per year for Lake Olathe.
Mean concentrations of total phosphorus in bottom-sediment samples from Cedar Lake ranged from 1,370 to 1,810 milligrams per kilogram, and concentrations in bottom-sediment samples from Lake Olathe ranged from 588 to 1,030 milligrams per kilogram. The implication of large total phosphorus concentrations in the bottom sediment of Cedar Lake is that inflow into Cedar Lake is rich in phosphorus and that adverse water-quality conditions could affect water quality in downstream Lake Olathe through discharge of water from Cedar Lake to Lake Olathe via Cedar Creek.
Mean annual phosphorus loads transported from the Lake Olathe watershed were estimated to be 14,700 pounds per year for Cedar Lake and 9,720 pounds per year for Lake Olathe. The mean annual phosphorus yields were estimated to be 3.74 pounds per acre per year for Cedar Lake and 0.91 pound per acre per year for Lake Olathe. Phosphorus yields in the Cedar Lake watershed were largest of the six Kansas impoundment watersheds recently studied.
Concentrations of total ammonia plus organic nitrogen as nitrogen in bottom sediment increased from upstream to downstream in both Cedar Lake and Lake Olathe. Mean concentrations of total ammonia plus organic nitrogen as nitrogen (N) ranged from 2,000 to 2,700 milligrams per kilogram in bottom-sediment samples from Cedar Lake and from 1,300 to 2,700 milligrams per kilogram in samples from Lake Olathe. There was no statistical significance between total ammonia plus organic nitrogen as nitrogen and depth of bottom sediment.
Concentrations of six trace elements in bottom sediment from Cedar Lake and Lake Olathe (arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc) exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Threshold Effects Levels (TELs) sediment-quality guidelines for aquatic organisms in sediment except for one lead concentration. Probable Effects Levels (PELs) for trace elements, however, were not exceeded at either lake.
Organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides were not detected in bottom-sediment samples from either Cedar Lake or Lake Olathe, but the acetanilide herbicides alachlor and metolachlor were detected in sediment from both lakes. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has not proposed TEL or PEL guideline concentrations for bottom sediment for any of the organophosphate, acetanilide, or triazine pesticides.
The diatoms (microscopic, single-celled organisms) Cyclotella bodanica, an indicator of low organic-enriched water, and Cyclotella meneghiniana, an indicator of organic-enriched water, were both present in bottom sediment from Lake Olathe. The presence of both of these diatoms suggests varying periods of low and high eutrophication in Lake Olathe from 1956 to 2000. The concentrations of two species in bottom sediment from Cedar Lake, Aulacoseira cf alpigena and Cyclotella meneghiniana, as well as two species in sediment from Lake Olathe, Aulacoseira cf alpigena and Stephanodiscus nigare, increased in sediment cores from the older bottom material to the more recent deposition near the top of the sediment cores. These diatom species indicate eutrophic conditions, and the increased concentration of these diatom species from the bottom of the cores to the sediment/water interface suggests that historically these lakes have been and continue to be eutrophic at times.
Comparison of constituent trends between Cedar Lake and Lake Olathe using reservoir bottom sediment was not possible because sediment from Cedar Lake was suspected of having been disturbed. However, trends that may be reflective of historical changes in water quality were not detected in sediment from either Cedar Lake or Lake Olathe for total phosphorus, trace elements (except lead), and organochlorine or organophosphate pesticides. A slight increasing trend in the concentration of total ammonia plus organic nitrogen as nitrogen was seen in the sediment profile from Lake Olathe but not in the profile from Cedar Lake. The acetanilide herbicides alachlor and metolachlor were more prevalent in more recently deposited sediment in Cedar Lake and Lake Olathe, as was the triazine herbicide atrazine in Lake Olathe bottom sediment, suggesting a possible increasing trend in lake-inflow water concentrations.
Trends in water-quality characteristics can be used by the Lake Olathe watershed managers to document historical changes in the watershed such as changes in land use, the suspension of the use of chlorinated insecticides, such as DDT and chlordane, and the use of hydrophobic fertilizers. The investigation described in this report provides a baseline of water-quality information to compare future changes in water quality or other watershed activities. With the addition of bathymetric surveys and the inclusion of additional reservoirs, reservoir sediment investigations can be used to estimate historical loads of phosphorus and other constituents in future water-quality assessments throughout Kansas.
Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049
Since the beginning of economic geology as a subdiscipline of the geological sciences, economic geologists have tended to classify mineral deposits on the basis of geological, mineralogical, and geochemical criteria, in efforts to systematize our understanding of mineral deposits as an aid to exploration. These efforts have led to classifications based on commodity, geologic setting (Cox and Singer, 1986), inferred temperatures and pressures of ore formation (Lindgren, 1933), and genetic setting (Park and MacDiarmid, 1975; Jensen and Bateman, 1979). None of these classification schemes is mutually exclusive; instead, there is considerable overlap among all of these classifications. A natural outcome of efforts to classify mineral deposits is the development of “mineral deposit models.” A mineral deposit model is a systematically arranged body of information that describes some or all of the essential characteristics of a selected group of mineral deposits; it presents a concept within which essential attributes may be distinguished and from which extraneous, coincidental features may be recognized and excluded (Barton, 1993). Barton (1993) noted that the grouping of deposits on the basis of common characteristics forms the basis for a classification, but the specification of the characteristics required for belonging to the group is the basis for a model. Models range from purely descriptive to genetic. A genetic model is superior to a descriptive model because it provides a basis to distinguish essential from extraneous attributes, and it has flexibility to accommodate variability in sources, processes, and local controls. In general, a descriptive model is a necessary prerequisite to a genetic model.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02195","usgsCitation":"2002, Progress on geoenvironmental models for selected mineral deposit types: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-195, 213 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02195.","productDescription":"213 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3102,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-195/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65df46","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Seal,, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":141204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal,","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762440,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762441,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32942,"text":"ofr02207 - 2002 - U.S. Geological Survey 2002 petroleum resource assessment of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA): play maps and technically recoverable resource estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-10T15:02:46","indexId":"ofr02207","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-207","title":"U.S. Geological Survey 2002 petroleum resource assessment of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA): play maps and technically recoverable resource estimates","docAbstract":"This report provides a summary of the estimated volume of technically recoverable undiscovered oil and nonassociated gas resources for each of the 24 plays evaluated in the U.S. Geological Survey 2002 petroleum resource assessment of the NPRA (Bird and Houseknecht, 2002). It also provides a set of illustrations showing the stratigraphic and geographic location of each play. Additional details of this assessment will follow in later publications.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02207","usgsCitation":"Bird, K.J., and Houseknecht, D.W., 2002, U.S. Geological Survey 2002 petroleum resource assessment of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA): play maps and technically recoverable resource estimates: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-207, Report: 18 p.; Photo: 27.8 inches x 18.2 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02207.","productDescription":"Report: 18 p.; Photo: 27.8 inches x 18.2 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":3112,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0207/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":164374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02207.png"},{"id":283752,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0207/images/cover_photo.jpg"},{"id":283750,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0207/pdf/of02-207.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159.9500,68.0035 ], [ -159.9500,71.3851 ], [ -149.9414,71.3851 ], [ -149.9414,68.0035 ], [ -159.9500,68.0035 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613a2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32976,"text":"ofr0216 - 2002 - Data on occurrence of selected trace metals, organochlorines, and semivolatile organic compounds in edible fish tissues from Lake Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T17:49:04","indexId":"ofr0216","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-16","title":"Data on occurrence of selected trace metals, organochlorines, and semivolatile organic compounds in edible fish tissues from Lake Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, 1999","docAbstract":"A public-health assessment conducted for the Texas Department of Health and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry concluded that exposure to contaminants through the aquatic food chain is an indeterminate human-health hazard in Lake Worth, Fort Worth, Texas. In 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force and in collaboration with the Texas Department of Health, collected samples of edible fish tissues from Lake Worth for analysis of selected trace metals, organochlorines, and semivolatile organic compounds to support a human-health risk assessment. Left-side, skin-off fillet samples were collected from 10 individuals each of channel catfish, common carp, freshwater drum (gaspergou), largemouth bass, and white crappie but only from five smallmouth buffalo. The U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory analyzed the samples for 22 trace metals, 40 organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, and 75 semivolatile organic compounds.","language":"English","publisher":" U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0216","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Air Force Aeronautical System Center, Environmental Management Directorate","usgsCitation":"Moring, J., 2002, Data on occurrence of selected trace metals, organochlorines, and semivolatile organic compounds in edible fish tissues from Lake Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-16, HTML Document; Report: iii, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0216.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: iii, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0216.JPG"},{"id":333161,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-016/pdf/ofr02-016.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.70 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":3138,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02-016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Fort Worth","otherGeospatial":"Lake Worth","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.6,\n 32.9\n ],\n [\n -97.6,\n 32.7\n ],\n [\n -97.3,\n 32.7\n ],\n [\n -97.3,\n 32.9\n ],\n [\n -97.6,\n 32.9\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c80d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moring, J. Bruce","contributorId":53372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"J. Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32977,"text":"ofr0223 - 2002 - Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T16:43:39","indexId":"ofr0223","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-23","title":"Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999","docAbstract":"Five streamflow gain-loss measurement surveys were made along lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River from Mitchell Street to South Loop 410 east of Kelly Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas, during May–October 1999. All of the measurements were made during dry periods, when stormwater runoff was not occurring and effects of possible bank storage were minimized. San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River were divided into six subreaches, and streamflow measurements were made simultaneously at the boundaries of these subreaches so that streamflow gains or losses and estimates of inflow from or outflow to shallow ground water could be quantified for each subreach. There are two possible sources of ground-water inflow to lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River east of Kelly Air Force Base. One source is direct inflow of shallow ground water into the streams. The other source is ground water that enters tributaries that flow into the San Antonio River. The estimated mean direct inflow of ground water to the combined San Pedro Creek and San Antonio River study reach was 3.0 cubic feet per second or 1.9 million gallons per day. The mean tributary inflow of ground water was estimated to be 1.9 cubic feet per second or 1.2 million gallons per day. The total estimated inflow of shallow ground water was 4.9 cubic feet per second or 3.2 million gallons per day. The amount of inflow from springs and seeps (estimated by observation) is much less than the amount of direct ground-water inflow estimated from the gain-loss measurements. Therefore, the presence of springs and seeps might not be a reliable indicator of the source of shallow ground water entering the river. Most of the shallow ground water that enters the San Antonio River from tributary inflow enters from the west side, through Concepcion Creek, inflows near Riverside Golf Course, and Six-Mile Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0223","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Air Logistics Center, Kelly Air Force Base, Environmental Management Office","usgsCitation":"Ockerman, D.J., 2002, Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-23, HTML document; Report: iii, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0223.","productDescription":"HTML document; Report: iii, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0223.JPG"},{"id":333154,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-023/pdf/ofr02-023.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":3139,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02-023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.6,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -98.6,\n 29.3\n ],\n [\n -98.4,\n 29.3\n ],\n [\n -98.4,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -98.6,\n 29.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b141b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32978,"text":"ofr0224 - 2002 - Fish, benthic-macroinvertebrate, and stream-habitat data from two estuaries near Galveston Bay, Texas, 2000-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:46:24","indexId":"ofr0224","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-24","title":"Fish, benthic-macroinvertebrate, and stream-habitat data from two estuaries near Galveston Bay, Texas, 2000-2001","docAbstract":"This report presents data on the status of fish, macroinvertebrates, and stream habitat collected from 10 sites in the lower (estuarine) parts of Armand and Dickinson Bayous near Galveston Bay, Texas, during summer 2000 and winter 2001. The total number of individual fish caught at the five Armand Bayou sites (2,091) was greater than at the five Dickinson Bayou sites (1,055), but the total number of fish species caught at Dickinson Bayou sites (37) was greater than at Armand Bayou sites (30). The total number of invertebrates (26,641) and the total number of invertebrate taxa (141) were both greater at Armand Bayou sites than at Dickinson Bayou sites (10,467 and 131, respectively). Among habitat data, the average sinuosity of Armand Bayou sites (1.31) was greater than that of Dickinson Bayou sites (1.14). Mean left-bank and right-bank slopes were greater at Armand Bayou sites than at Dickinson Bayou sites, although the Armand Bayou banks were lower and narrower than the Dickinson Bayou banks. The Dickinson Bayou channel was deeper at the sampling sites than the Armand Bayou channel.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","doi":"10.3133/ofr0224","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Houston-Galveston Area Council","usgsCitation":"Hogan, J.L., 2002, Fish, benthic-macroinvertebrate, and stream-habitat data from two estuaries near Galveston Bay, Texas, 2000-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-24, HTML Document; Report: iii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0224.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: iii, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0224.JPG"},{"id":333158,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-024/pdf/02-024.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.61 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":3140,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02-024/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.75,\n 29.3\n ],\n [\n -94.75,\n 29.7\n ],\n [\n -95.3,\n 29.7\n ],\n [\n -95.3,\n 29.3\n ],\n [\n -94.75,\n 29.3\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef4ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogan, Jennifer L.","contributorId":51812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32979,"text":"ofr0248 - 2002 - Source water identification and chemical typing for nitrogen at the Kissimmee River, Pool C, Florida — Preliminary assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-29T18:37:05.36277","indexId":"ofr0248","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-48","title":"Source water identification and chemical typing for nitrogen at the Kissimmee River, Pool C, Florida — Preliminary assessment","docAbstract":"As part of the South Florida Water Management District's Ground Water-Surface Water Interactions Study, a project was undertaken to identify the ages and sources of water in the area of Pool C, Kissimmee River, Florida. Twenty-two water samples were collected along two transects: at a remnant river oxbows (Site D) and in the dredged part of the channel (Site C). The samples were analyzed for concentrations of fluoride and strontium, and for isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Selected samples were analyzed for one or more additional isotopes (carbon-14, the ratio of strontium-87 to strontium-86, tritium, and tritium-helium-3). Delta nitrogen-15 values for nitrate at Site C can be explained by soil nitrogen and fertilizer sources; at Site D soil nitrogen accounts for most values, although animal wastes may explain higher values. Some of the isotopic data seem to be contradictory: carbon-14 data apparently indicate that shallow ground water is younger at Site D than at Site C, whereas strontium-87/86 ratios lead to the opposite conclusion. More detailed analysis of major ions and nutrients for all sampling points, along with flow measurements, could allow more definitive interpretation of isotope data and provide additional insight into mixing of ground water and surface water at the sites.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0248","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2002, Source water identification and chemical typing for nitrogen at the Kissimmee River, Pool C, Florida — Preliminary assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-48, iii, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0248.","productDescription":"iii, 38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3141,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02-048","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":402704,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51405.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Kissimmee River, Pool C","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.243896484375,\n 27.352252938063845\n ],\n [\n -81.00494384765625,\n 27.352252938063845\n ],\n [\n -81.00494384765625,\n 27.49852672279832\n ],\n [\n -81.243896484375,\n 27.49852672279832\n ],\n [\n -81.243896484375,\n 27.352252938063845\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7789","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32943,"text":"ofr02225 - 2002 - Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California: 1979-2001","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":32943,"text":"ofr02225 - 2002 - Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California: 1979-2001","indexId":"ofr02225","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California: 1979-2001"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":97671,"text":"ofr20091119 - 2009 - Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California","indexId":"ofr20091119","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":97671,"text":"ofr20091119 - 2009 - Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California","indexId":"ofr20091119","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-10T15:30:55","indexId":"ofr02225","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-225","title":"Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California: 1979-2001","docAbstract":"My purpose is to make our creep data on San Francisco Bay region active faults available to the scientific research community. My student research assistants and I measured creep (aseismic slip) rates on these faults from 1979 until my retirement from the project in 2001. These data are further described in my final technical report as principal investigator, which summarizes results from 22 September 1979 through 28 February 2001 (Galehouse, 2001). We made over 2,600 creep measurements, about one-third in the ten years prior to the Loma Prieta earthquake (LPEQ) and two-thirds in the 11.4 years following it. The measurements are continuing to be made by members of the Geosciences Department at San Francisco State University (SFSU) under the direction of Karen Grove and John Caskey. A complete analysis of our results obtained on the Hayward fault is presented in Lienkaemper, Galehouse, and Simpson (2001). A formal report based on the entire San Francisco Bay region data set is in preparation.\n\nData sheets for each site along the fault are available for downloading in Excel format to facilitate analysis of the data. They are also available as tab-delimited raw data. The data include all regular measurement sites, SF–1 through SF–34, and the 20 SFSU and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) afterslip sites on the Hayward fault.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02225","usgsCitation":"Galehouse, J.S., 2002, Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California: 1979-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-225, Report: 94 p.; Haward Fault: 1 XLS file, 1 .GZ file; SF Bay: 1 XLS file, 1 SF .GZ file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02225.","productDescription":"Report: 94 p.; Haward Fault: 1 XLS file, 1 .GZ file; SF Bay: 1 XLS file, 1 SF .GZ file","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02225.gif"},{"id":3113,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0225/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283760,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0225/pdf/of02-225.pdf"},{"id":283761,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0225/data_files/HaywardFault.tar.gz"},{"id":283762,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0225/SFBayRegion.xls"},{"id":283763,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0225/data_files/SFBayRegion.tar.gz"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.9148,36.9192 ], [ -123.9148,39.557 ], [ -120.9814,39.557 ], [ -120.9814,36.9192 ], [ -123.9148,36.9192 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c887","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galehouse, Jon S.","contributorId":57894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galehouse","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44282,"text":"ofr0278 - 2002 - Abstracts of the annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, 2001, Albuquerque, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T19:19:27","indexId":"ofr0278","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-78","title":"Abstracts of the annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, 2001, Albuquerque, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting serves two purposes. In addition to giving mappers the opportunity to exchange ideas, experiences, victories, and problems with others, presentations are reviewed by the Geologic Mapping Subcommittee (GeMS) to provide input to the Planetary Geology and Geophysics Mapping Program review panel’s consideration of new proposals and progress reports that include mapping tasks. Funded mappers bring both oral presentation materials (slides or viewgraphs) and map products to post for review by GeMS and fellow mappers. Additionally, the annual meetings typically feature optional field trips offering earth analogs and parallels to planetary mapping problems.
\nThe 2001 Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, was convened by Tim Parker, Dave Senske, and Ken Tanaka and was hosted by Larry Crumpler and Jayne Aubele of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Oral presentations were given in the Museum’s Honeywell Auditorium, and maps were posted in the Sandia Room. In addition to active mappers, guests included local science teachers who had successfully competed for the right to attend and listen to the reports. It was a unique pleasure for mappers to have the opportunity to interact with and provide information to teachers responding so enthusiastically to the meeting presentation.
\nOn Sunday, June 17, Larry and Jayne conducted an optional pre-meeting field trip. The flanks of Rio Grande Rift, east and west of Albuquerque and Valles Caldera north of town presented tectonic, volcanic, and sedimentary examples of the Rift and adjoining areas analogous to observed features on Mars and Venus. The arid but volcanically and tectonically active environment of New Mexico’s rift valley enables focus on features that appear morphologically young and spectacular in satellite images and digital relief models. The theme of the trip was to see what, at orbiter resolution, \"obvious\" geologic features look like at lander (outcrop) scales. Trips to the top of the rift-flanking mountains (Sandia Peak, 10,600 ft) and the Valles Caldera, as well as various active spring deposits highlighted the day.
\nAfter welcoming remarks from the host, Larry Crumpler, opening remarks by Tim Parker and Dave Senske and a report on mapping program status by Ken Tanaka, the mappers’ oral presentations began the morning of June 18, with a session on Venus Geologic Mapping. The afternoon continued with an exciting USGS Planetary GIS on the Web (PIGWAD) demonstration and ended with an open discussion of issues in planetary mapping. Posted maps of Venus quadrangles were viewed during the morning break.
\nTuesday’s Mars Geologic Mapping session began with a pep talk from Tim Parker encouraging mapping community input to the MER landing site selection committee and continued with Steve Saunders describing the potential contribution of Odyssey Mission data to the geologic mapping of Mars. A Mars map poster session was held during the morning break, and the meeting was adjourned mid-afternoon.
\nAfter the mappers meeting on Tuesday, attendants were treated to a \"Field trip to Mars.\" The Institute of Meteoritics at the University of New Mexico houses an outstanding collection of meteorites, including those that have been identified as originating from Mars. The Institute tour featured examples of most of the different lithologies exhibited by martian meteorites identified to date, as well as some of the analytical tests (scanning electron microscope) they are conducting on specimens from ALH84001.
\nWednesday, June 20, featured an optional post-meeting field trip to see a travertine quarry and nearby sites of travertine deposition, the Very Large Array near Socorro, and other volcanic features within the Rio Grande Rift.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0278","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., and Senske, D.A., 2002, Abstracts of the annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, 2001, Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-78, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0278.","productDescription":"27 p.","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0278.jpg"},{"id":283406,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0078/pdf/of02-078.pdf"},{"id":3707,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0078/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande Rift;Mars;Valles Caldera;Venus","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a38f1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Parker, Thomas J. tparker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Thomas","email":"tparker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":749308,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, Kenneth L. ktanaka@usgs.gov","contributorId":610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktanaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senske, David A.","contributorId":32975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senske","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32944,"text":"ofr02189 - 2002 - Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:09","indexId":"ofr02189","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-189","title":"Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences","docAbstract":"Data on rare earth (including yttrium) mines, deposits, and occurrences were compiled as part of an effort by the USGS and the University of Arizona Center for Mineral Resources to summarize current knowledge on the supply and demand outlook and related topics for this group of elements. Economic competition and environmental concerns are increasingly constraining the mining and processing of rare earths from the Mountain Pass mine in California. For many years, the deposit at Mountain Pass was the world's dominant source of rare earth elements and the United States was essentially self-sufficient. Starting approximately 10 years ago, the U.S. has become increasingly dependent (> 90 percent of separated rare earths) upon imports from China, now the dominant source of rare earths. A knowledge of the known economic and noneconomic sources of rare earths is basic to evaluating the outlook for rare earth supply and associated issues.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr02189","usgsCitation":"Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I., 2002, Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-189, Report: 174 p.; ReadMe; Metadata; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02189.","productDescription":"Report: 174 p.; ReadMe; Metadata; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11520,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166.5,-41.1 ], [ -166.5,71 ], [ 175.86666666666667,71 ], [ 175.86666666666667,-41.1 ], [ -166.5,-41.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684cea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orris, Greta J. 0000-0002-2340-9955 greta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-9955","contributorId":3472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orris","given":"Greta","email":"greta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, Richard I. 0000-0002-1763-0813 rgrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":1193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"Richard","email":"rgrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":209491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38154,"text":"wsp2497 - 2002 - Use of stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur to identify sources of nitrogen in surface waters in the lower Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-10T09:21:39","indexId":"wsp2497","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2497","title":"Use of stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur to identify sources of nitrogen in surface waters in the lower Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"With the exception of sewage and septic effluents, most nitrogen sources and soils contain larger proportions of organic and reduced forms of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur than inorganic, oxidized forms. In contrast, most surface water and ground water contains larger proportions of dissolved inorganic carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur forms than organic forms. Data indicate that carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur are extensively processed in soils and streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2497","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C.A., 2002, Use of stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur to identify sources of nitrogen in surface waters in the lower Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2497, 99 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2497.","productDescription":"99 p.","numberOfPages":"99","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3459,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wsp2497/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8add","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III, 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":2193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles","suffix":"III,","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":219223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185180,"text":"70185180 - 2002 - Influence of natural organic matter on the adsorption of metal ion onto clay particles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T08:12:39","indexId":"70185180","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of natural organic matter on the adsorption of metal ion onto clay particles","docAbstract":"The influence of natural organic matter (NOM) on the adsorption of Al, Fe, Zn, and Pb onto clay minerals was investigated. Adsorption experiments were carried out at pH = 5 and pH = 7 in the presence and absence of NOM. In general, the presence of NOM decreased the adsorption of metal ions onto the clay particles. Al and Fe were strongly influenced by NOM, whereas Zn and Pb adsorption was only slightly altered. The interaction of the metal ions with the minerals and the influence of NOM on this interaction was investigated by coupling SdFFF with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS) or an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICPAES). Quantitative atomization of the clay particles in the ICP was confirmed by comparing elemental content determined by direct injection of the clay into the ICPMS with values from acid digestion. Particle sizes of the clays were found to be between 0.1 and 1 μm by sedimentation field-flow fractionation (SdFFF) with UV detection. Aggregation of particles due to metal adsorption was observed using SdFFF-ICPMS measurements. This aggregation was dependent on the specific metal ion and decreased in the presence of NOM and at higher pH value.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es010271p","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, D., Taylor, H.E., Aiken, G., Roth, D., and Frimmel, F., 2002, Influence of natural organic matter on the adsorption of metal ion onto clay particles: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 36, no. 13, p. 2932-2938, https://doi.org/10.1021/es010271p.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"2932","endPage":"2938","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337685,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d4e4b0849ce97c86f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, D.","contributorId":19395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, G. R. 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":14452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roth, D.A.","contributorId":100864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frimmel, F.H.","contributorId":189372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frimmel","given":"F.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70219222,"text":"70219222 - 2002 - Effects of flow on the fish communities of a regulated California river: Implications for managing native fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-18T15:36:40.004678","indexId":"70219222","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-15T08:33:49","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of flow on the fish communities of a regulated California river: Implications for managing native fishes","docAbstract":"We assessed the importance of flow regime to the success of native and non‐native fish species by analysing winter/spring seining data collected from 1987 to 1997 on the resident fish communities of the lower Tuolumne River, California. The data were analysed using regression models to predict the percentage of non‐native fish at a site. The regression models included various combinations of the variables longitudinal location of the site, mean April/May stream discharge in the year of sampling, and mean April/May stream discharge in the previous year. Comparison of the models indicated that the best model included longitudinal location and stream discharge in the previous year. This model is consistent with the hypothesis that flow in the previous year differentially affects reproductive success of native and non‐native species and thus the resulting community sampled in the following winter/spring. A detrended correspondence analysis of percentage abundance species data identified a co‐occurring group of native species and a co‐occurring group of non‐native species with the non‐native red shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis) grouping separately. The differing reproductive strategies of the species were consistent with the hypothesis concerning spawning success. Our results indicate that flow regime is an important determinant of the reproductive success of native and non‐native fish species in regulated rivers. Manipulations of flow regime are a potentially powerful tool for managing native fish species, but should be considered in combination with other restoration efforts and in the context of ecosystem restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.673","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., and Ford, T., 2002, Effects of flow on the fish communities of a regulated California river: Implications for managing native fishes: River Research and Applications, v. 18, no. 4, p. 331-342, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.673.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"342","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384778,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Tuolumne River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.19979858398438,\n 37.473768205267504\n ],\n [\n -120.42663574218749,\n 37.473768205267504\n ],\n [\n -120.42663574218749,\n 37.74574303801687\n ],\n [\n -121.19979858398438,\n 37.74574303801687\n ],\n [\n -121.19979858398438,\n 37.473768205267504\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, Tim","contributorId":256820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"Tim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209632,"text":"70209632 - 2002 - An ENSO predictor of dust emission in the southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T17:30:12.168062","indexId":"70209632","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-14T10:16:41","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An ENSO predictor of dust emission in the southwestern United States","docAbstract":"Here we show that there is a significant relationship between Nino 3.4 ENSO anomaly (Dec–Jan average) and precipitation in the southwestern United States. This contributes to increased frequency of dust events in the years following strong La Niña and El Niño years. High probabilities (60%–100%) exist for an elevated frequency of dust events in years when the ENSO anomaly, annual precipitation, or annual P/PE falls below the 10th percentile. This analysis provides a quantitative framework in which to evaluate the expected effects of climate change on this and other arid regions.
We contrast the geochemistry of the Madison drainage, which has high concentrations of geothermal features, with the Lamar drainage of Yellowstone National Park, USA, and trace the consequences of geochemical differences through abiotic and biotic linkages in the ecosystem. Waters in the geothermal-dominated drainage contained anomalously high levels of fluoride (F) and silica (SiO2). Soils, stream sediments, and surface waters that interact or mix with geothermal waters, in turn, had elevated F and SiO2 concentrations compared to similar samples from the Lamar drainage. The geochemical differences were reflected in the chemistry of forage plants, with some plants from geothermally influenced areas containing four- to eightfold higher concentrations of F and SiO2 than similar plants in the Lamar drainage. Geothermal heat reduced snowpack, and we found that elk (Cervus elaphus) concentrated in these refugia as snowpack increased each winter. The consequent high dietary intake of F in animals associated with the geothermal areas was confirmed by the finding that bone samples from elk living in the Madison drainage contained sixfold higher concentrations of F than samples collected from animals wintering in the Lamar drainage. High F exposure resulted in compromised dentition due to fluoride toxicosis, which was undoubtedly exacerbated by the abrasive action of silica. The consequent accelerated and aberrant tooth wear resulted in early onset of senescence, reduced life span, and an abbreviated age structure. We speculate that these altered demographics, combined with spatial heterogeneity of snowpack, will result in increased vulnerability of this large herbivore population to wolf predation and less resiliency to compensate demographically for predation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10021-002-0211-8","usgsCitation":"Garrott, R., Eberhardt, L., Otton, J.K., White, P., and Chaffee, M.A., 2002, A Geochemical Trophic Cascade in Yellowstone's Geothermal Environments: Ecosystems, v. 5, p. 659-666, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-002-0211-8.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"659","endPage":"666","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374534,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.533203125,\n 43.04480541304369\n ],\n [\n -108.69873046875,\n 43.04480541304369\n ],\n [\n -108.69873046875,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -111.533203125,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -111.533203125,\n 43.04480541304369\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garrott, R.A.","contributorId":40705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrott","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eberhardt, L. E.","contributorId":24748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberhardt","given":"L. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Otton, James K. jkotton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otton","given":"James","email":"jkotton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, P.J.","contributorId":194049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chaffee, Maurice A. mchaffee@usgs.gov","contributorId":4047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaffee","given":"Maurice","email":"mchaffee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70180953,"text":"70180953 - 2002 - New insights on timing of oil and gas generation in the central Gulf Coast interior zone based on hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-09T15:35:59","indexId":"70180953","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"New insights on timing of oil and gas generation in the central Gulf Coast interior zone based on hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters","docAbstract":"Timing of oil and gas generation from Turonian and Smackover source rocks in the central Gulf CoastInterior Zone was determined in one-dimensional burial-history curves (BHCs) using hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters. The results predict that basal Smackover source-rock intervals with Type-IIS kerogen completed oil generation between 121 and 99 Ma, and Turonian source-rocks with Type-II kerogen remain immature over most of the same area. The only exception to the latter occurs in the northwestern part of the Mississippi salt basin, where initial stages of oil generation have started as a result of higher thermal gradients. This maturity difference between Turonian and Smackover source rocks is predicted with present-day thermal gradients. Predicted oil generation prior to the Sabine and Monroe uplifts suggests that a significant amount of the oil emplaced in Cretaceous reservoirs of these uplifts would have been lost during periods of erosion. Hydrous-pyrolysis kineticparameters predict that cracking of Smackover oil to gas started 52 Ma, which postdates major uplift and erosional events of the Sabine and Monroe uplifts. This generated gas would accumulate and persist in these uplift areas as currently observed. The predicted timing of oil and gas generation with hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters is in accordance with the observed scarcity of oil from Turonian source rocks, predominance of gas accumulations on the Sabine and Monroe uplifts, and predominance of oil accumulations along the northern rim of the Interior Zone.
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","conferenceTitle":"Minnesota Water 2002 and Minnesota Lakes and Rivers Conference","conferenceDate":"April 17-20, 2002","conferenceLocation":"St. Cloud, MN","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Brigham, M.E., McCullough, C.J., and Wilkinson, P., 2002, Use of fallout radioisotopes to estimate sources of suspended sediment to the Wild Rice River, northwestern Minnesota, 1998, Minnesota Water 2002 and Minnesota Lakes and Rivers Conference, St. Cloud, MN, April 17-20, 2002, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319932,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"572486e4e4b0b13d39159871","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brigham, M. E.","contributorId":87535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCullough, Carolyn J.","contributorId":74422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCullough","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilkinson, P.","contributorId":168534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkinson","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70170155,"text":"70170155 - 2002 - Methylmercury in diverse surface waters of Minnesota and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-08T15:40:14","indexId":"70170155","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Methylmercury in diverse surface waters of Minnesota and Wisconsin","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","conferenceTitle":"Minnesota Water 2002 and Minnesota Lakes and Rivers Conference","conferenceDate":"April 17-20, 2002","conferenceLocation":"St. Cloud, MN","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Brigham, M.E., 2002, Methylmercury in diverse surface waters of Minnesota and Wisconsin, Minnesota Water 2002 and Minnesota Lakes and Rivers Conference, St. Cloud, MN, April 17-20, 2002, 3 p.","productDescription":"3 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57248669e4b0b13d39159624","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brigham, M. E.","contributorId":87535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170156,"text":"70170156 - 2002 - Trace elements in streambed sediments of the St. Croix River Basin, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-08T15:42:17","indexId":"70170156","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Trace elements in streambed sediments of the St. Croix River Basin, 2000","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","conferenceTitle":"Minnesota Water 2002 and Minnesota Lakes and Rivers Conference","conferenceDate":"April 17-20, 2002","conferenceLocation":"St. Cloud, MN","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Brigham, M.E., 2002, Trace elements in streambed sediments of the St. Croix River Basin, 2000, Minnesota Water 2002 and Minnesota Lakes and Rivers Conference, St. Cloud, MN, April 17-20, 2002, 3 p.","productDescription":"3 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"572486dfe4b0b13d39159843","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brigham, M. E.","contributorId":87535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}