{"pageNumber":"2972","pageRowStart":"74275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70024997,"text":"70024997 - 2002 - Development of sulfide calibration standards for the laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024997","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2155,"text":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of sulfide calibration standards for the laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique","docAbstract":"The requirements of standard materials for LA-ICP-MS analysis have been difficult to meet for the determination of trace elements in sulfides. We describe a method for the production of synthetic sulfides by precipitation from solution. The method is detailed by the production of approximately 200 g of a material, PS-1, with a suite of chalcophilic trace elements in an Fe-Zn-Cu-S matrix. Preliminary composition data, together with an evaluation of the homogeneity for individual elements, suggests that this type of material meets the requirements for a sulfide calibration standard that allows for quantitative analysis. Contamination of the standard with Na suggests that H2S gas may prove a better sulfur source for future experiments. We recommend that calibration data be collected in whatever mode is closest to that employed for the analysis of the unknown material, because of variable fractionation effects as a function of analytical mode. For instance, if individual spot analyses are attempted on unknown sample, then a raster of several individual spot analyses, not a continuous scan, should be collected and averaged for the standard. Hg and Au are exceptions to the above and calibration data should always be collected in a scanning mode. Au is more heterogeneously distributed than other trace metals and large-area scans are required to provide an average value for calibration purposes. We emphasize that the values given in Table 1 are preliminary values. Further chemical characterization of this standard, through a round-robin analysis program, will allow the USGS to provide both certified and recommended values for individual elements. The USGS has developed PS-1 as a potential new LA-ICP-MS standard for use by the analytical community, and requests for this material should be addressed to S. Wilson. However, it is stressed that an important aspect of the method described here is the flexibility for individual investigators to produce sulfides with a wide range of trace metals in variable matrices. For example, PS-1 is not well suited to the analysis of galena, and it would be relatively straightforward for other standards to be developed with Pb present in the matrix as a major constituent. These standards can be made easily and cheaply in a standard wet chemistry laboratory using equipment and chemicals that are readily available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1039/b108787h","issn":"02679477","usgsCitation":"Wilson, S., Ridley, W., and Koenig, A., 2002, Development of sulfide calibration standards for the laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, v. 17, no. 4, p. 406-409, https://doi.org/10.1039/b108787h.","startPage":"406","endPage":"409","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207754,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b108787h"},{"id":232941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0066e4b0c8380cd4f746","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, S. A. 0000-0002-9468-0005","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0005","contributorId":23561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ridley, W.I.","contributorId":72122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koenig, A.E. 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":23679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024800,"text":"70024800 - 2002 - Triggered surface slips in the Salton Trough associated with the 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:07","indexId":"70024800","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Triggered surface slips in the Salton Trough associated with the 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquake","docAbstract":"Surface fracturing occurred along the southern San Andreas, Superstition Hills, and Imperial faults in association with the 16 October 1999 (Mw 7.1) Hector Mine earthquake, making this at least the eighth time in the past 31 years that a regional earthquake has triggered slip along faults in the Salton Trough. Fractures associated with the event formed discontinuous breaks over a 39-km-long stretch of the San Andreas fault, from the Mecca Hills southeastward to Salt Creek and Durmid Hill, a distance from the epicenter of 107 to 139 km. Sense of slip was right lateral; only locally was there a minor (~1 mm) vertical component of slip. Dextral slip ranged from 1 to 13 mm. Maximum slip values in 1999 and earlier triggered slips are most common in the central Mecca Hills. Field evidence indicates a transient opening as the Hector Mine seismic waves passed the southern San Andreas fault. Comparison of nearby strong-motion records indicates several periods of relative opening with passage of the Hector Mine seismic wave-a similar process may have contributed to the field evidence of a transient opening. Slip on the Superstition Hills fault extended at least 9 km, at a distance from the Hector Mine epicenter of about 188 to 196 km. This length of slip is a minimum value, because we saw fresh surface breakage extending farther northwest than our measurement sites. Sense of slip was right lateral; locally there was a minor (~1 mm) vertical component of slip. Dextral slip ranged from 1 to 18 mm, with the largest amounts found distributed (or skewed) away from the Hector Mine earthquake source. Slip triggered on the Superstition Hills fault commonly is skewed away from the earthquake source, most notably in 1968, 1979, and 1999. Surface slip on the Imperial fault and within the Imperial Valley extended about 22 km, representing a distance from the Hector Mine epicenter of about 204 to 226 km. Sense of slip dominantly was right lateral; the right-lateral component of slip ranged from 1 to 19 mm. Locally there was a minor (~1-2 mm) vertical component of slip; larger proportions of vertical slip (up to 10 mm) occurred in Mesquite basin, where scarps indicate long-term oblique-slip motion for this part of the Imperial fault. Slip triggered on the Imperial fault appears randomly distributed relative to location along the fault and source direction. Multiple surface slips, both primary and triggered slip, indicate that slip repeatedly is small at locations of structural complexity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120000935","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Rymer, M.J., Boatwright, J., Seekins, L.C., Yule, J., and Liu, J., 2002, Triggered surface slips in the Salton Trough associated with the 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 92, no. 4, p. 1300-1317, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000935.","startPage":"1300","endPage":"1317","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478658,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-105936105","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207959,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000935"},{"id":233282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb852e4b08c986b3277d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rymer, M. J.","contributorId":90694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boatwright, J.","contributorId":87297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boatwright","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seekins, L. C.","contributorId":99561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seekins","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yule, J. D.","contributorId":84422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1001847,"text":"1001847 - 2002 - Scaup migration patterns in North Dakota relative to temperatures and water conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-10T14:53:36.236258","indexId":"1001847","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scaup migration patterns in North Dakota relative to temperatures and water conditions","docAbstract":"Greater (Aythya marila) and lesser scaup (A. affinis) have protracted spring migrations. Migrants may still be present on southern breeding areas when the annual Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Surveys (WBPHS) are being conducted. Understanding factors affecting the chronology and rate of spring migration is important for the interpretation of data from annual population surveys. We describe the general temporal pattern of scaup numbers in south-central North Dakota in spring, examine the relationships between scaup numbers and measures of local water conditions and spring temperatures, and assess timing of the WBPHS relative to numbers of scaup occurring in the study area in late May. Scaup were counted weekly on a 95-km, 400-m-wide transect from late March through May, 1957-1999. Average numbers of scaup per count were positively associated with numbers of seasonal, semipermanent, and total ponds. Average minimum daily ambient temperatures showed a trend of increasing temperatures over the 43 years, and dates of peak scaup counts became progressively earlier. Weeks of early migration usually had higher temperatures than weeks of delayed migration. The relationship between temperature and timing of migration was strongest during the second and third weeks of April, which is A# 1 week before numbers peak (median date = 19 Apr). Trends in sex and pair ratios were not consistent among years. Counts in late May-early June indicated considerable annual variability in the magnitude of late migrants. Scaup numbers during this period seemed to stabilize in only 5 of the 19 years when 2 or more surveys were conducted after the WBPHS. These findings corroborate concerns regarding the accuracy of the WBPHS for representing breeding populations of scaup and the possibility of double-counting scaup in some years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3803152","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.E., Granfors, D., Johnson, M.A., and Kohn, S.C., 2002, Scaup migration patterns in North Dakota relative to temperatures and water conditions: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 66, no. 3, p. 874-882, https://doi.org/10.2307/3803152.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"874","endPage":"882","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.4697265625,\n 45.98169518512228\n ],\n [\n -98.98681640625,\n 45.98169518512228\n ],\n [\n -98.98681640625,\n 46.965259400349275\n ],\n [\n -101.4697265625,\n 46.965259400349275\n ],\n [\n -101.4697265625,\n 45.98169518512228\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, J. E.","contributorId":5999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granfors, D. A.","contributorId":94256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granfors","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, M. A.","contributorId":87088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kohn, S. C.","contributorId":100808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohn","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024229,"text":"70024229 - 2002 - A record of large earthquakes on the southern Hayward fault for the past 500 years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-16T12:20:53.418149","indexId":"70024229","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A record of large earthquakes on the southern Hayward fault for the past 500 years","docAbstract":"The Hayward fault, a major branch of the right-lateral San Andreas fault system, traverses the densely populated eastern San Francisco Bay region, California. We conducted a paleoseismic investigation to better understand the Hayward fault's past earthquake behavior. The site is near the south end of Tyson's Lagoon, a sag pond formed in a right step of the fault in Fremont. Because the Hayward fault creeps at the surface, we identified paleoseismic events using features that we judge to be unique to ground ruptures or the result of strong ground motion, such as the presence of fault-scarp colluvial deposits and liquefaction. We correlate the most recent event evidence (E1) to the historical 1868 M 6.9 earthquake that caused liquefaction in the pond and recognize three additional paleoruptures since A.D. 1470 ± 110 yr. Event ages were estimated by chronological modeling, which incorporated historical and stratigraphic information and radiocarbon and pollen data. Modeled, mean age and 95-percentile ranges of the three earlier events are A.D. 1730 (1650-1790) yr (E2), A.D. 1630 (1530-1740) yr (E3), and A.D. 1470 (1360-1580) (E4). The ages of these paleoearthquakes yield a mean recurrence of 130 ± 40 yr. Although the mean recurrence is well determined for the period A.D. 1470-1868, individual intervals are less well determined: E1-E2, 140 +80/-70 yr; E2-E3, 100 +90/-100 yr; and E3-E4, 150 +130/-110 yr.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120000611","usgsCitation":"Lienkaemper, J.J., Dawson, T.E., Personius, S., Seitz, G.G., Reidy, L., and Schwartz, D.P., 2002, A record of large earthquakes on the southern Hayward fault for the past 500 years: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 92, no. 7, p. 2637-2658, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000611.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"2637","endPage":"2658","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1075439453125,\n 37.63380988687157\n ],\n [\n -121.95510864257811,\n 37.492293998628746\n ],\n [\n -121.93450927734375,\n 37.48575600784826\n ],\n [\n -122.16110229492186,\n 37.83907230547638\n ],\n [\n -122.35748291015625,\n 37.95610943630718\n ],\n [\n -122.37670898437499,\n 37.95394377350263\n ],\n [\n -122.1075439453125,\n 37.63380988687157\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e53ce4b0c8380cd46c18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lienkaemper, J. J.","contributorId":71947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, T. E.","contributorId":84537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Personius, S. F. 0000-0001-8347-7370","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-7370","contributorId":31408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"S. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seitz, G. G.","contributorId":95651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reidy, L.M.","contributorId":106672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reidy","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":52968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1003898,"text":"1003898 - 2002 - Blood parasites of American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and fish crows (Corvus ossifragus) in Florida, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-15T16:22:52.130923","indexId":"1003898","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1298,"text":"Comparative Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Blood parasites of American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and fish crows (Corvus ossifragus) in Florida, U.S.A.","title":"Blood parasites of American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and fish crows (Corvus ossifragus) in Florida, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Blood films from 46 fish crows (Corvus ossifragus Wilson) and 42 American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm) from Florida, U.S.A., were examined for blood parasites. Haemoproteus picae Coatney and Roudabush, Haemoproteus danilewskii Kruse, Trypanosoma avium (Danilewsky), and microfilariae of an unidentified filarioid were identified from both species of crows. An unidentified species of Haemoproteus and Trypanosoma ontarioensis Woo and Bartlett were observed in American crow blood films. Fish crow blood films contained Plasmodium relictum Celli and Sanfelice. Prior to this study, T. avium and P. relictum had not been reported from fish crows.
","language":"English","publisher":"Helminthological Society of Washington","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647(2002)069[0092:BPOACC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Dusek, R.J., and Forrester, D.J., 2002, Blood parasites of American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and fish crows (Corvus ossifragus) in Florida, U.S.A.: Comparative Parasitology, v. 69, no. 1, p. 92-96, https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647(2002)069[0092:BPOACC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Alachua","city":"Micanopy","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.29017257690428,\n 29.51394431397659\n ],\n [\n -82.27240562438963,\n 29.5142430852963\n ],\n [\n -82.27214813232422,\n 29.50621329944488\n ],\n [\n -82.26665496826172,\n 29.505354261384976\n ],\n [\n -82.2667407989502,\n 29.501693930571804\n ],\n [\n -82.27171897888184,\n 29.501544526503547\n ],\n [\n -82.27214813232422,\n 29.498332285720643\n ],\n [\n -82.29017257690428,\n 29.498294933484345\n ],\n [\n -82.29081630706786,\n 29.501469824386774\n ],\n [\n -82.29150295257567,\n 29.505354261384976\n ],\n [\n -82.28987216949463,\n 29.505428960636046\n ],\n [\n -82.29017257690428,\n 29.51394431397659\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6076ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dusek, Robert J. 0000-0001-6177-7479 rdusek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479","contributorId":174374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusek","given":"Robert","email":"rdusek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":890369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forrester, Donald J.","contributorId":46453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forrester","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":890370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024295,"text":"70024295 - 2002 - A strategy for estimating the rates of recent United States land-cover changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T10:12:59","indexId":"70024295","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A strategy for estimating the rates of recent United States land-cover changes","docAbstract":"Information on the rates of land-use and land-cover change is important in addressing issues ranging from the health of aquatic resources to climate change. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of information on land-use and land-cover change except at very local levels. We describe a strategy for estimating land-cover change across the conterminous United States over the past 30 years. Change rates are estimated for 84 ecoregions using a sampling procedure and five dates of Landsat imagery. We have applied this methodology to six eastern U.S. ecoregions. Results show very high rates of change in the Plains ecoregions, high to moderate rates in the Piedmont ecoregions, and moderate to low rates in the Appalachian ecoregions. This indicates that ecoregions are appropriate strata for capturing unique patterns of land-cover change. The results of the study are being applied as we undertake the mapping of the rest of the conterminous United States.","language":"English","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Loveland, T., Sohl, T.L., Stehman, S., Gallant, A.L., Sayler, K., and Napton, D., 2002, A strategy for estimating the rates of recent United States land-cover changes: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 68, no. 10, p. 1091-1099.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1091","endPage":"1099","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5b5e4b0c8380cd46f1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":106125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":400755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":76419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stehman, S.V.","contributorId":91974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stehman","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27852,"text":"State University of New York, Syracuse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":400754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":23508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sayler, K. L. 0000-0003-2514-242X sayler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-242X","contributorId":88122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayler","given":"K. L.","email":"sayler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Napton, D.E.","contributorId":23720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Napton","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1003901,"text":"1003901 - 2002 - Book review: Wisconsin's natural communities: how to recognize them, where to find them by Randy Hoffman, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T16:38:26.532999","indexId":"1003901","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Wisconsin's natural communities: how to recognize them, where to find them by Randy Hoffman, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 2002","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","usgsCitation":"Bennett, J.P., 2002, Book review: Wisconsin's natural communities: how to recognize them, where to find them by Randy Hoffman, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 2002: Natural Areas Journal, v. 23, no. 2, p. 193-194.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"194","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404255,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43912230"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.64544677734375,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -87.78076171875,\n 42.48019996901214\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n -87.8466796875,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 43.393073720674444\n ],\n [\n -87.64892578125,\n 43.74728909225906\n ],\n [\n -87.615966796875,\n 44.05995928349327\n ],\n [\n -87.440185546875,\n 44.174324837518895\n ],\n [\n -87.47314453125,\n 44.315987905196906\n ],\n [\n -87.4346923828125,\n 44.54350521320822\n ],\n [\n -87.1600341796875,\n 44.89868701215517\n ],\n [\n -86.912841796875,\n 45.22074260255366\n ],\n [\n -86.7095947265625,\n 45.42544355958045\n ],\n [\n -86.9073486328125,\n 45.460130637921004\n ],\n [\n -87.2039794921875,\n 45.24008561090264\n ],\n [\n -87.308349609375,\n 45.131679975460514\n ],\n [\n -87.32620239257812,\n 45.20913363773731\n ],\n [\n -87.33512878417969,\n 45.22364447346731\n ],\n [\n -87.37358093261719,\n 45.213003555993964\n ],\n [\n -87.3907470703125,\n 45.20236064717846\n ],\n [\n -87.39692687988281,\n 45.16993588518069\n ],\n [\n -87.38388061523438,\n 45.13119555886255\n ],\n [\n -87.37770080566405,\n 45.076429982283855\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 44.61393394730626\n ],\n [\n -87.77526855468749,\n 44.89868701215517\n ],\n [\n -87.5830078125,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -87.5775146484375,\n 45.131679975460514\n ],\n [\n -87.6544189453125,\n 45.205263456162385\n ],\n [\n -87.60498046875,\n 45.40616374516014\n ],\n [\n -87.78076171875,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -87.7642822265625,\n 45.744526980468436\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 45.97406038956237\n ],\n [\n -88.670654296875,\n 46.069419674968536\n ],\n [\n -89.9945068359375,\n 46.33934333161126\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 46.55130547880643\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 46.645665192584936\n ],\n [\n -90.362548828125,\n 47.07760411715964\n ],\n [\n -90.3900146484375,\n 47.14489748555398\n ],\n [\n -90.80749511718749,\n 47.11499982620772\n ],\n [\n -91.021728515625,\n 47.010225655683485\n ],\n [\n -91.4666748046875,\n 46.83389173208538\n ],\n [\n -91.8511962890625,\n 46.73986059969267\n ],\n [\n -92.1588134765625,\n 46.73986059969267\n ],\n [\n -92.35107421874999,\n 46.71350244599995\n ],\n [\n -92.3455810546875,\n 46.10751733820335\n ],\n [\n -92.823486328125,\n 45.87853662114514\n ],\n [\n -92.98278808593749,\n 45.67548217560647\n ],\n [\n -92.955322265625,\n 45.54098421805075\n ],\n [\n -92.779541015625,\n 45.42158812329091\n ],\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 44.758436211143476\n ],\n [\n -92.6531982421875,\n 44.555249259710656\n ],\n [\n -92.30712890625,\n 44.378839759088585\n ],\n [\n -91.9500732421875,\n 44.174324837518895\n ],\n [\n -91.58203125,\n 43.94537239244209\n ],\n [\n -91.3623046875,\n 43.874138181474734\n ],\n [\n -91.3677978515625,\n 43.600284023536325\n ],\n [\n -91.285400390625,\n 43.37311218382002\n ],\n [\n -91.25244140624999,\n 43.104993581605505\n ],\n [\n -91.23046875,\n 42.976520698105546\n ],\n [\n -91.1260986328125,\n 42.67435857693384\n ],\n [\n -90.75256347656249,\n 42.577354839557856\n ],\n [\n -90.64544677734375,\n 42.48830197960227\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602ad2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, James P.","contributorId":100323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70024264,"text":"70024264 - 2002 - Immobilization of swift foxes with ketamine hydrochloride-xylazine hydrochloride","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-05T15:36:34","indexId":"70024264","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Immobilization of swift foxes with ketamine hydrochloride-xylazine hydrochloride","docAbstract":"There is an increasing need to develop field immobilization techniques that allow researchers to handle safely swift foxes (Vulpes velox) with minimal risk of stress or injury. We immobilized captive swift foxes to determine the safety and effectiveness of ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride at different dosages. We attempted to determine appropriate dosages to immobilize swift foxes for an adequate field-handling period based on three anesthesia intervals (induction period, immobilization period, and recovery period) and physiologic responses (rectal temperature, respiration rate, and heart rate). Between October 1998–July 1999, we conducted four trials, evaluating three different dosage ratios of ketamine and xylazine (2.27:1.2, 5.68:1.2, and 11.4:1.2 mg/kg ketamine:mg/kg xylazine, respectively), followed by a fourth trial with a higher dosage at the median ratio (11.4 mg/kg ketamine:2.4 mg/kg xylazine). We found little difference in induction and recovery periods among trials 1–3, but immobilization time increased with increasing dosage (P<0.08). Both the immobilization period and recovery period increased in trial 4 compared with trials 1–3 (P≤0.03). There was a high variation in responses of individual foxes across trials, making it difficult to identify an appropriate dosage for field handling. Heart rate and respiration rates were depressed but all physiologic measures remained within normal parameters established for domestic canids. We recommend a dosage ratio of 10 mg/kg ketamine to 1 mg/kg xylazine to immobilize swift foxes for field handling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-38.4.764","issn":"00903558","usgsCitation":"Telesco, R., and Sovada, M.A., 2002, Immobilization of swift foxes with ketamine hydrochloride-xylazine hydrochloride: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 38, no. 4, p. 764-768, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-38.4.764.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"764","endPage":"768","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478720,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-38.4.764","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3890e4b0c8380cd61602","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Telesco, R.L.","contributorId":85304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Telesco","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sovada, Marsha A. msovada@usgs.gov","contributorId":2601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sovada","given":"Marsha","email":"msovada@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":400622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1003934,"text":"1003934 - 2002 - Preface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T14:15:22","indexId":"1003934","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preface","docAbstract":"This issue of Hydrobiologia brings together a series of papers resulting from an intensified effort to describe the current status of the physical and biological conditions present at California's Salton Sea. Most of the studies were contract investigations that were part of a project initiated in January 1998 to pursue the improvement of environmental conditions at the Salton Sea. The remainder are independent investigations resulting in information of importance for the Salton Sea Restoration Project. The information provided by those investigations resulting in information of importance for the Salton Sea Restoration Project. The information provided by those investigations is the most holistic assembly of scientific knowledge about the Salton Sea ever brought together in a single publication. The resulting findings provide an important foundation of knowledge for what has been stated to be '. . . one of the worlds' most dynamic salt lakes . . .' (Hart et al., 1998). We hope this publication will serve as a catalyst to stimulate additional scientific investigations that will further enhance understanding of the dynamics of this unique ecosystem. The purpose for these introductory comments is to place the scientific investigations reported on and the Salton Sea Restoration Project in context and entities, and to one another.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 2002, Preface: Hydrobiologia, v. 473, no. 1-3, p. vii-xii.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"vii","endPage":"xii","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.10076904296875,\n 33.516209361109055\n ],\n [\n -116.10076904296875,\n 33.48185394054361\n ],\n [\n -116.06506347656251,\n 33.43602551072033\n ],\n [\n -116.04583740234374,\n 33.37182502950726\n ],\n [\n -115.97991943359375,\n 33.332823028503576\n ],\n [\n -115.88928222656249,\n 33.261656767328006\n ],\n [\n -115.84808349609375,\n 33.167444534375925\n ],\n [\n -115.76293945312499,\n 33.08693925905123\n ],\n [\n -115.69976806640625,\n 33.08003537299405\n ],\n [\n -115.56793212890625,\n 33.201924189778936\n ],\n [\n -115.587158203125,\n 33.305281685899445\n ],\n [\n -115.65582275390624,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -115.72998046875,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -115.92224121093749,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -116.0101318359375,\n 33.55055114384406\n ],\n [\n -116.10076904296875,\n 33.516209361109055\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"473","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e7c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friend, M. 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":82634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003932,"text":"1003932 - 2002 - Epizootiology of sixty-four amphibian morbidity and mortality events in the USA, 1996-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-10T15:48:40.277153","indexId":"1003932","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":801,"text":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Epizootiology of sixty-four amphibian morbidity and mortality events in the USA, 1996-2001","docAbstract":"A total of 44 amphibian mortality events and 20 morbidity events were reviewed retrospectively. The most common cause of amphibian mortality events was infection by ranaviruses (Family: Iridoviridae). Ranavirus epizootics have abrupt onset and affect late-stage larvae and recent metamorphs. Mortality events due to ranavirus infections affected only widespread and abundant amphibian species, and there was a clear association with high population densities. Chytrid fungal infections accounted for seven mortality events in postmetamorphic anurans only. Chytrid epizootics are insidious and easily overlooked in the field. While both ranavirus and chytrid fungal epizootics were associated with > 90% mortality rates at affected sites, only the chytrid fungal infections were linked to multiple amphibian population declines. Three primitive fungal organisms in the newly erected clade, Mesomycetozoa, caused morbidities and mortalities in anurans and salamanders.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04400.x","usgsCitation":"Green, D.E., Converse, K.A., and Schrader, A.K., 2002, Epizootiology of sixty-four amphibian morbidity and mortality events in the USA, 1996-2001: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 969, no. 1, p. 323-339, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04400.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"339","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA 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,{"id":70024293,"text":"70024293 - 2002 - Undrained poroelastic response of sandstones to deviatoric stress change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-02T16:00:23.177564","indexId":"70024293","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Undrained poroelastic response of sandstones to deviatoric stress change","docAbstract":"Deformation of porous crustal rock through diagenesis, tectonic loading, or other processes can change pore volume and affect fluid pressure. The largest stress-induced pore pressure changes occur when fluid is trapped in pores in an “undrained” condition. We have measured the undrained poroelastic response of two sandstones to changes in mean and deviatoric stress. Pore pressure was found to respond to mean stress σm in the usual manner: Δp = BΔσm (B ranging from 0.4 to 0.7), nearly independent of the ambient deviatoric stress state. However, variations in deviatoric stress (σd = (σ1 − σ3)/2) at constant mean stress were also found to induce a reversible (elastic) pore pressure response to stress levels up to and exceeding 80% failure stress (i.e., Δp = ![\"image\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/5598fe28-61b6-4865-8b44-a5eea3d516bd/jgrb13299-math-0001.gif\")
= const.). The coefficient η became more negative with increasing deviatoric stress level in sandstone and Ottawa sand samples. That is, η represents a dilatant response where increased deviatoric stress causes a decrease in pore pressure. The poroelastic response to deviatoric stress is explained in terms of anisotropic matrix stiffening due to closure of crack-like pore space or flattening of grain contacts at high ambient stress levels and can be important in calculations of earthquake stress transfer.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2001JB001460","usgsCitation":"Lockner, D., and Stanchits, S.A., 2002, Undrained poroelastic response of sandstones to deviatoric stress change: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 107, no. B12, p. ETG 13-1-ETG 13-14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB001460.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"ETG 13-1","endPage":"ETG 13-14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc74e4b08c986b328c2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockner, D.A. 0000-0001-8630-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":85603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanchits, S. A.","contributorId":102235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanchits","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1003935,"text":"1003935 - 2002 - Avian disease at the Salton Sea","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":1003935,"text":"1003935 - 2002 - Avian disease at the Salton Sea","indexId":"1003935","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Avian disease at the Salton Sea"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":94819,"text":"94819 - 2002 - The Salton Sea: Proceedings of the Salton Sea Symposium","indexId":"94819","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"The Salton Sea: Proceedings of the Salton Sea Symposium"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":94819,"text":"94819 - 2002 - The Salton Sea: Proceedings of the Salton Sea Symposium","indexId":"94819","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"The Salton Sea: Proceedings of the Salton Sea Symposium"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-18T17:48:24.554028","indexId":"1003935","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian disease at the Salton Sea","docAbstract":"A review of existing records and the scientific literature was conducted for occurrences of avian diseases affecting free-ranging avifauna within the Salton Sea ecosystem. The period for evaluation was 1907 through 1999. Records of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Biological Survey and the scientific literature were the data sources for the period of 1907–1939. The narrative reports of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Sonny Bono National Wildlife Refuge Complex and the epizootic database of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Wildlife Health Center were the primary data sources for the remainder of the evaluation. The pattern of avian disease at the Salton Sea has changed greatly over time. Relative to past decades, there was a greater frequency of major outbreaks of avian disease at the Salton Sea during the 1990s than in previous decades, a greater variety of disease agents causing epizootics, and apparent chronic increases in the attrition of birds from disease. Avian mortality was high for about a decade beginning during the mid-1920s, diminished substantially by the 1940s and was at low to moderate levels until the 1990s when it reached the highest levels reported. Avian botulism (Clostridium botulinum type C) was the only major cause of avian disease until 1979 when the first major epizootic of avian cholera (Pasteurella multocidia) was documented. Waterfowl and shorebirds were the primary species affected by avian botulism. A broader spectrum of species have been killed by avian cholera but waterfowl have suffered the greatest losses. Avian cholera reappeared in 1983 and has joined avian botulism as a recurring cause of avian mortality. In 1989, avian salmonellosis (Salmonella typhimurium) was first diagnosed as a major cause of avian disease within the Salton Sea ecosystem and has since reappeared several times, primarily among cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis). The largest loss from a single epizootic occurred in 1992, when an estimated 155 000 birds, primarily eared grebes (Podiceps nigricollis), died from an undiagnosed cause. Reoccurrences of that unknown malady have continued to kill substantial numbers of eared grebes throughout the 1990s. The first major epizootic of type C avian botulism in fish-eating birds occurred in 1996 and killed large numbers of pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis & P. erythrorhynchos). Avian botulism has remained as a major annual cause of disease in pelicans. In contrast, the chronic on-Sea occurrence of avian botulism in waterfowl and shorebirds of previous decades was seldom seen during the 1990s. Newcastle disease became the first viral disease to cause major bird losses at the Salton Sea when it appeared in the Mullet Island cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) breeding colony during 1997 and again during 1998.
","conferenceTitle":"Salton Sea Symposium","conferenceDate":"January 13-14, 2000","conferenceLocation":"Desert Hot Springs, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1016570810004","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 2002, Avian disease at the Salton Sea: Hydrobiologia, v. 473, no. 1-3, p. 293-306, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016570810004.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"306","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.08566284179688,\n 33.51162942617925\n ],\n [\n -116.06506347656251,\n 33.535671379525525\n ],\n [\n -115.94284057617188,\n 33.527658137677335\n ],\n [\n -115.72998046875,\n 33.35232621329067\n ],\n [\n -115.7080078125,\n 33.35691456311512\n ],\n [\n -115.6475830078125,\n 33.338559712732525\n ],\n [\n -115.58441162109375,\n 33.25132135653952\n ],\n [\n -115.58441162109375,\n 33.20422235093439\n ],\n [\n -115.70114135742186,\n 33.08463802391685\n ],\n [\n -115.76843261718751,\n 33.10419660287101\n ],\n [\n -115.8343505859375,\n 33.173192085918075\n ],\n [\n -115.94284057617188,\n 33.31216783738619\n ],\n [\n -116.0430908203125,\n 33.39131947587412\n ],\n [\n -116.0870361328125,\n 33.47727218776036\n ],\n [\n -116.08566284179688,\n 33.51162942617925\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"473","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db5464d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friend, Milton 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":31332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003928,"text":"1003928 - 2002 - Clinical features of avian vacuolar myelinopathy in American coots","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-18T13:18:33.281809","indexId":"1003928","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2528,"text":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Clinical features of avian vacuolar myelinopathy in American coots","docAbstract":"Objective—To characterize clinical features of avian vacuolar myelinopathy (AVM) in American coots.
Design—Case-control study.
Animals—26 AVM-affected American coots and 12 unaffected coots.
Procedures—Complete physical, neurologic, hematologic, and plasma biochemical evaluations were performed. Affected coots received supportive care. All coots died or were euthanatized, and AVM status was confirmed via histopathologic findings.
Results—3 severely affected coots were euthanatized immediately after examination. Seventeen affected coots were found dead within 7 days of admission, but 5 affected coots survived > 21 days and had signs of clinical recovery. Abnormal physical examination findings appeared to be related to general debilitation. Ataxia (88%), decreased withdrawal reflexes (88%), proprioceptive deficits (81%), decreased vent responses (69%), beak or tongue weakness (42%), and head tremors (31%), as well as absent pupillary light responses (46%), anisocoria (15%), apparent blindness (4%), nystagmus (4%), and strabismus (4%) were detected. Few gross abnormalities were detected at necropsy, but histologically, all AVM-affected coots had severe vacuolation of white matter of the brain. None of the control coots had vacuolation.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Although there was considerable variability in form and severity of clinical neurologic abnormalities, clinical signs common in AVM-affected birds were identified. Clinical recovery of some AVM-affected coots can occur when supportive care is administered. Until the etiology is identified, caution should be exercised when rehabilitating and releasing coots thought to be affected by AVM.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association","doi":"10.2460/javma.2002.221.80","usgsCitation":"Larsen, R.S., Nutter, F.B., Augspurger, T., Rocke, T.E., Tomlinson, L., Thomas, N.J., and Stoskopf, M.K., 2002, Clinical features of avian vacuolar myelinopathy in American coots: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 221, no. 1, p. 80-85, https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2002.221.80.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478743,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2002.221.80","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":135743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"221","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cfe4b07f02db5da37d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larsen, R. S.","contributorId":81473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nutter, Felicia B.","contributorId":8070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nutter","given":"Felicia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6936,"text":"Tufts University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":314674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Augspurger, T.","contributorId":81844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augspurger","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tomlinson, L.","contributorId":43326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomlinson","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thomas, Nancy J. 0000-0002-0161-0391 nthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":1673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Nancy","email":"nthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":314676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stoskopf, M. K.","contributorId":75894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoskopf","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1003933,"text":"1003933 - 2002 - Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T11:00:24","indexId":"1003933","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"We examined the relations among nesting success, egg viability, and blood and egg concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Hg, and Se in a threatened population of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and a sympatric population of common eiders (S. mollissima) on the Yukona??Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA, during 1995 and 1996. During the early breeding season, males and females had mean Se concentrations in their blood of 19.2 I?g/g and 12.8 I?g/g wet weight, respectively. Blood Se concentrations of females were correlated with egg concentrations. During brood rearing, blood Se levels were higher in adult females than in ducklings. Blood concentrations of Pb in spectacled eider females were higher than in common eider females captured at hatching, but blood concentrations of Se were similar. Trace element concentrations were not related to nest success or egg viability. We submit that nest success and egg viability of spectacled eiders are not related to concentrations of the trace elements we measured. Because blood Se concentrations declined rapidly through the breeding season and were not related to nest success or egg viability, we suggest that spectacled eiders are exposed to high concentrations of Se during winter that pose little threat to this population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620210819","usgsCitation":"Grand, J.B., Franson, J., Flint, P.L., and Petersen, M.R., 2002, Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 21, no. 8, p. 1673-1678, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620210819.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1673","endPage":"1678","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134192,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"21","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a494b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":2157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J. Christian","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":314691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024297,"text":"70024297 - 2002 - Changes in concentrations of triazine and acetamide herbicides by bank filtration, ozonation, and chlorination in a public water supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T09:23:07","indexId":"70024297","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in concentrations of triazine and acetamide herbicides by bank filtration, ozonation, and chlorination in a public water supply","docAbstract":"The changes in triazine and acetamide concentrations in water during natural and artificial treatment by bank filtration, ozonation, filtration, and chlorination were measured at the well field and drinking water treatment plant of Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. The city's groundwater supply is affected by induced infiltration and transport of triazines and acetamide herbicides from the Platte River in late spring and early summer. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of infiltration and treatment on the presence of triazines and acetamides in drinking water. Samples of river water, well water, and public supply water at various stages of water treatment were collected from 1997-1999 during spring-runoff when the presence of herbicides in the Platte River is largest. In 1999, parent compounds were reduced by 76% of the concentration present in river water (33% by bank filtration, 41% by ozonation, and 1.5% by chlorination). Metabolites of herbicides for which analytical techniques existed were reduced by 21% (plus 26% by bank filtration, minus 23% by ozonation, and minus 24% by chlorination). However, increases in concentrations of specific metabolite compounds were identified after bank filtration and ozonation. After bank filtration, increases in cyanazine amide, cyanazine acid, and deethylcyanazine acid were identified. After ozonation, concentrations of deisopropylatrazine, deethylatrazine, didealkylatrazine, atrazine amide-I, hydroxydeethylatrazine, hydroxydeisopopylatrazine, deethylcyanazine acid, and deethylcyanazine increased. Concentrations of cyanazine acid and ethanesulfonic and oxanilic acids of acetamides decreased during ozonation. Our findings suggest that bank filtration and ozonation of water in part can shift the assessment of risk to human health associated with the consumption of the water from the parent compounds to their degradation products.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00163-4","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Verstraeten, I., Thurman, E., Lindsey, M., Lee, E., and Smith, R., 2002, Changes in concentrations of triazine and acetamide herbicides by bank filtration, ozonation, and chlorination in a public water supply: Journal of Hydrology, v. 266, no. 3-4, p. 190-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00163-4.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"208","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207245,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00163-4"}],"volume":"266","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f40ee4b0c8380cd4baf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verstraeten, Ingrid M.","contributorId":61033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verstraeten","given":"Ingrid M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindsey, M.E.","contributorId":6627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, E.C.","contributorId":16191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, R.D.","contributorId":6529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1013196,"text":"1013196 - 2002 - A near-surface, daytime occurrence of two mesopelagic fish species (Stenobrachius leucopsarus and Leuroglossus schmidti) in a glacial fjord","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T13:06:15","indexId":"1013196","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A near-surface, daytime occurrence of two mesopelagic fish species (Stenobrachius leucopsarus and Leuroglossus schmidti) in a glacial fjord","docAbstract":"The northern lampfish (Stenobrachius leucopsarus, family Myctophidae) and northern smoothtongue (Leuroglossus schmidti, family Bathylagidae) are mesopelagic fishes, defined by their vertical distribution in the mesopelagic zone (200–1000 m) during daylight hours. Northern lampfish range from the Bering Sea to southern California (Shimada, 1948), where their abundance is highest along the continental slope and decreases over the continental shelf. They are the most abundant species in the mesopelagic zone of the Bering Sea (Pearcy et al., 1977; Sobolevsky et al., 1996), the Gulf of Alaska (Purcell, 1996), and the eastern North Pacific Ocean off Oregon (Pearcy, 1964; Pearcy et al., 1977). Northern smoothtongue also concentrate in areas bordering the continental slope and are widely distributed from southern British Columbia to the Bering Sea (Peden, 1981) and are very abundant in the Okhotsk Sea (Sobolevsky et al., 1996).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Abookire, A.A., Piatt, J.F., and Speckman, S., 2002, A near-surface, daytime occurrence of two mesopelagic fish species (Stenobrachius leucopsarus and Leuroglossus schmidti) in a glacial fjord: Fishery Bulletin, v. 100, p. 376-380.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"380","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341112,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://aquaticcommons.org/15216/"}],"volume":"100","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abookire, Alisa A.","contributorId":107224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abookire","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":318532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":318531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1003899,"text":"1003899 - 2002 - A baiting system for delivery of an oral plague vaccine to black-tailed prairie dogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T14:13:07","indexId":"1003899","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A baiting system for delivery of an oral plague vaccine to black-tailed prairie dogs","docAbstract":"Laboratory and field studies were conducted between July and October 1999 to identify bait preference, biomarker efficacy, and bait acceptance rates for delivering an oral plague vaccine to black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). Twenty juvenile captive prairie dogs were offered alfalfa baits containing either alfalfa, alfalfa and 5% molasses, or alfalfa, 5% molasses and 4% salt. Based on the results of these trials we selected a bait containing alfalfa, 7% molasses, and 1% salt for field trials to determine bait acceptance rates by free-ranging animals. The biomarkers DuPont Blue dye, iophenoxic acid, and tetracycline hydrochloride were orally administered to captive prairie dogs to determine their efficacy. Only tetracycline proved effective as a biomarker. Two field trials were conducted at separate prairie dog colonies located at the Buffalo Gap National Grassland (Pennington County, South Dakota, USA). In Trial 1, three baits containing tetracycline were distributed around each active burrow entrance and an additional bait was placed inside the burrow (1,276 baits total). In Trial 2, baits were distributed at the same density per burrow as Trial 1, but along transects spaced 10 m apart (1,744 baits total). Trapping began 3 days after bait distribution, and 30 prairie dogs then were captured at each site to determine the percentage of animals marked. In Trial 1, 67% of the prairie dogs captured had tetracycline deposits indicative of bait consumption. In Trial 2, 83% of the prairie dogs had ingested a bait. Approximately 15% of the animals in both trials ate more than one bait. Fleas (Opisocrostis hirsutus) were found on 64 of 70 (91%) of the prairie dogs captured during this study.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-38.1.32","usgsCitation":"Creekmore, T.E., Rocke, T.E., and Hurley, J., 2002, A baiting system for delivery of an oral plague vaccine to black-tailed prairie dogs: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 38, no. 1, p. 32-39, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-38.1.32.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478688,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-38.1.32","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","county":"Pennington","otherGeospatial":"Buffalo Gap National Grassland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.04602050781249,\n 43.393073720674415\n ],\n [\n -104.04602050781249,\n 43.004647127794435\n ],\n [\n -103.0133056640625,\n 43.02071359427862\n ],\n [\n -103.02429199218749,\n 43.58039085560784\n ],\n [\n -101.51916503906249,\n 43.71950494269107\n ],\n [\n -101.51916503906249,\n 43.83848910616803\n ],\n [\n -101.68395996093749,\n 43.846412964702395\n ],\n [\n -101.634521484375,\n 43.99281450048989\n ],\n [\n -102.48596191406249,\n 43.97305156068593\n ],\n [\n -102.5079345703125,\n 43.83848910616803\n ],\n [\n -102.67822265625,\n 43.9058083561574\n ],\n [\n -103.02978515625,\n 43.98491011404692\n ],\n [\n -102.9803466796875,\n 43.79885402720353\n ],\n [\n -103.2220458984375,\n 43.64005063334696\n ],\n [\n -103.1890869140625,\n 43.297198404646366\n ],\n [\n -103.271484375,\n 43.27320591705845\n ],\n [\n -103.2550048828125,\n 43.11702412135048\n ],\n [\n -103.32092285156249,\n 43.08894918346591\n ],\n [\n -103.33740234375,\n 43.229195113965005\n ],\n [\n -103.5791015625,\n 43.23319741022136\n ],\n [\n -103.5791015625,\n 43.137069765760344\n ],\n [\n -103.80432128906249,\n 43.137069765760344\n ],\n [\n -103.80157470703125,\n 43.3071924816119\n ],\n [\n -103.9801025390625,\n 43.43696596521823\n ],\n [\n -104.04602050781249,\n 43.393073720674415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"552f8baee4b0b22a158031db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Creekmore, Terry E.","contributorId":42179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creekmore","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hurley, J.","contributorId":19126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurley","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024230,"text":"70024230 - 2002 - Timing of large earthquakes since A.D. 800 on the Mission Creek strand of the San Andreas fault zone at Thousand Palms Oasis, near Palm Springs, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-13T13:27:44.349576","indexId":"70024230","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing of large earthquakes since A.D. 800 on the Mission Creek strand of the San Andreas fault zone at Thousand Palms Oasis, near Palm Springs, California","docAbstract":"Paleoseismic investigations across the Mission Creek strand of the San Andreas fault at Thousand Palms Oasis indicate that four and probably five surface-rupturing earthquakes occurred during the past 1200 years. Calendar age estimates for these earthquakes are based on a chronological model that incorporates radiocarbon dates from 18 in situ burn layers and stratigraphic ordering constraints. These five earthquakes occurred in about A.D. 825 (770–890) (mean, 95% range), A.D. 982 (840–1150), A.D. 1231 (1170–1290), A.D. 1502 (1450–1555), and after a date in the range of A.D. 1520–1680. The most recent surface-rupturing earthquake at Thousand Palms is likely the same as the A.D. 1676 ± 35 event at Indio reported by Sieh and Williams (1990). Each of the past five earthquakes recorded on the San Andreas fault in the Coachella Valley strongly overlaps in time with an event at the Wrightwood paleoseismic site, about 120 km northwest of Thousand Palms Oasis. Correlation of events between these two sites suggests that at least the southernmost 200 km of the San Andreas fault zone may have ruptured in each earthquake. The average repeat time for surface-rupturing earthquakes on the San Andreas fault in the Coachella Valley is 215 ± 25 years, whereas the elapsed time since the most recent event is 326 ± 35 years. This suggests the southernmost San Andreas fault zone likely is very near failure.
The Thousand Palms Oasis site is underlain by a series of six channels cut and filled since about A.D. 800 that cross the fault at high angles. A channel margin about 900 years old is offset right laterally 2.0 ± 0.5 m, indicating a slip rate of 4 ± 2 mm/yr. This slip rate is low relative to geodetic and other geologic slip rate estimates (26 ± 2 mm/yr and about 23–35 mm/yr, respectively) on the southernmost San Andreas fault zone, possibly because (1) the site is located in a small step-over in the fault trace and so the rate is not be representative of the Mission Creek fault, (2) slip is partitioned northward from the San Andreas fault and into the eastern California shear zone, and/or (3) slip is partitioned onto the Banning strand of the San Andreas fault zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120000609","usgsCitation":"Fumal, T.E., Rymer, M.J., and Seitz, G.G., 2002, Timing of large earthquakes since A.D. 800 on the Mission Creek strand of the San Andreas fault zone at Thousand Palms Oasis, near Palm Springs, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 92, no. 7, p. 2841-2860, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000609.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"2841","endPage":"2860","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Palm Springs","otherGeospatial":"Thousand Palms Oasis","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.62124633789061,\n 33.57229388264518\n ],\n [\n -116.02523803710938,\n 33.57229388264518\n ],\n [\n -116.02523803710938,\n 33.97753113740941\n ],\n [\n -116.62124633789061,\n 33.97753113740941\n ],\n [\n -116.62124633789061,\n 33.57229388264518\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3f0e4b08c986b32609b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fumal, T. E.","contributorId":25942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fumal","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rymer, M. J.","contributorId":90694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seitz, G. G.","contributorId":95651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025122,"text":"70025122 - 2002 - Solving Wakulla Springs underwater mysteries. Using GPS to map Florida's underground caverns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025122","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1918,"text":"Hydro International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solving Wakulla Springs underwater mysteries. Using GPS to map Florida's underground caverns","docAbstract":"Located in the Woodville Karst Plain stretching south from Tallahassee to the Gulf of Mexico, Florida's Wakulla Springs is one of the largest and deepest freshwater Springs in the world. It is also a gateway into one of the longest underwater cave system in the United States, a system that remained largely unexplored until recently. Soon, however, thanks to one of the world's most extreme scientific and exploration-related diving projects ever undertaken, visitors to Wakulla Springs State Park will be able to take a virtual tour through the Spring's huge underwater labyrinth. Using such cutting-edge technology as a 3D Digital Wall Mapper (DWM) and the Global Positioning System (GPS), the Wakulla 2 Expedition - with 151 volunteer cave divers, scientists and engineers from all over the world - created the world's first three-dimensional digital map of an underwater cave. Underwater caves are priceless treasures, helping supply fresh water to the region as well as acting as 'time capsules' to the past. Home to creatures found in few other places, areas such as Wakulla face threats of pollution and over-development. Wakulla 2 hopes their 3D interactive 'swim through' will help increase the understanding and preservation of these important areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydro International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"13854569","usgsCitation":"Am, E.B., 2002, Solving Wakulla Springs underwater mysteries. Using GPS to map Florida's underground caverns: Hydro International, v. 6, no. 6, p. 56-59.","startPage":"56","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b925fe4b08c986b319e9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Am, Ende B.","contributorId":6643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Am","given":"Ende","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1004015,"text":"1004015 - 2002 - Necropsy findings in sea turtles taken as bycatch in the North Pacific longline fishery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-20T16:19:14","indexId":"1004015","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Necropsy findings in sea turtles taken as bycatch in the North Pacific longline fishery","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Work, T.M., and Balazs, G.H., 2002, Necropsy findings in sea turtles taken as bycatch in the North Pacific longline fishery: Fishery Bulletin, v. 100, no. 4, p. 876-880.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"876","endPage":"880","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15330,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/1004/19workfi.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"5198.000000000000000"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 5.61598581915534\n ],\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 18.22935133838668\n ],\n [\n -148.7109375,\n 18.22935133838668\n ],\n [\n -148.7109375,\n 5.61598581915534\n ],\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 5.61598581915534\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697e33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balazs, George H.","contributorId":127680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balazs","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7109,"text":"NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 1845 Wasp Boulevard, Building 176, Honolulu, HI 96818.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":314929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023980,"text":"70023980 - 2002 - Geologic and geophysical evidence for the influence of deep crustal structures on Paleozoic tectonics and the alignment of world-class gold deposits, north-central Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:02","indexId":"70023980","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2954,"text":"Ore Geology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic and geophysical evidence for the influence of deep crustal structures on Paleozoic tectonics and the alignment of world-class gold deposits, north-central Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"Geologic data concur with geophysical and isotopic data that suggest the presence of deep crustal fault zones along the Battle Mountain-Eureka (BME) trend and elsewhere in Nevada. The fault zones may have originated during Proterozoic rifting of the continent and were likely substantially reactivated and modified during Paleozoic tectonism. Five distinct Paleozoic structural and stratigraphic domains are defined that demonstrate the complexity of Paleozoic tectonic events and also lead to hypotheses about ways in which the margin could have been modified. The current locations of these domains adjacent to the geophysically and isotopically defined indicators of the buried continent edge corroborate their interactions with the continental margin. During the Tertiary, preexisting crustal fault zones were intersected and reopened during episodes of extension and served as the conduits for deep-sourced, gold-rich fluids, which were disseminated into Paleozoic slope facies sedimentary rocks, forming sediment-hosted Carlin-type and other deposits. Multiple factors including the locations of these deep-seated structures, the original configuration of the lower Paleozoic continental margin of Nevada, and its subsequent reactivation during the Paleozoic all were fundamental controls on the location of younger mineral deposits. A clearer understanding of the original configuration of the margin and of the effects of subsequent Paleozoic and Mesozoic tectonic events on the margin would provide insight into the locations of these and other prospective mineral belts. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ore Geology Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0169-1368(02)00088-4","issn":"01691368","usgsCitation":"Crafford, A., and Grauch, V.J., 2002, Geologic and geophysical evidence for the influence of deep crustal structures on Paleozoic tectonics and the alignment of world-class gold deposits, north-central Nevada, USA: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 21, no. 3-4, p. 157-184, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1368(02)00088-4.","startPage":"157","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207167,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1368(02)00088-4"},{"id":231866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a18e2e4b0c8380cd55835","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crafford, A.E.J.","contributorId":60411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crafford","given":"A.E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024223,"text":"70024223 - 2002 - 15N NMR investigation of the covalent binding of reduced TNT amines to soil humic acid, model compounds, and lignocellulose","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-25T17:43:02.119829","indexId":"70024223","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"15N NMR investigation of the covalent binding of reduced TNT amines to soil humic acid, model compounds, and lignocellulose","docAbstract":"The five major reductive degradation products of TNT-4ADNT (4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene), 2ADNT (2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene), 2,4DANT (2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene), 2,6DANT (2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene), and TAT (2,4,6-triaminotoluene)-labeled with 15N in the amine positions, were reacted with the IHSS soil humic acid and analyzed by 15N NMR spectrometry. In the absence of catalysts, all five amines underwent nucleophilic addition reactions with quinone and other carbonyl groups in the soil humic acid to form both heterocyclic and nonheterocyclic condensation products. Imine formation via 1,2-addition of the amines to quinone groups in the soil humic acid was significant with the diamines and TAT but not the monoamines. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyzed an increase in the incorporation of all five amines into the humic acid. In the case of the diamines and TAT, HRP also shifted the binding away from heterocyclic condensation product toward imine formation. A comparison of quantitative liquid phase with solid-state CP/MAS 15N NMR indicated that the CP experiment underestimated imine and heterocyclic nitrogens in humic acid, even with contact times optimal for observation of these nitrogens. Covalent binding of the mono- and diamines to 4-methylcatechol, the HRP catalyzed condensation of 4ADNT and 2,4DANT to coniferyl alcohol, and the binding of 2,4DANT to lignocellulose with and without birnessite were also examined.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es011383j","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Thorn, K.A., and Kennedy, K.R., 2002, 15N NMR investigation of the covalent binding of reduced TNT amines to soil humic acid, model compounds, and lignocellulose: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 36, no. 17, p. 3787-3796, https://doi.org/10.1021/es011383j.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"3787","endPage":"3796","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e227e4b0c8380cd459d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorn, K. A.","contributorId":33294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, K. R.","contributorId":66267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024219,"text":"70024219 - 2002 - The effect of the new Massachusetts Bay sewage outfall on the concentrations of metals and bacterial spores in nearby bottom and suspended sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T10:21:07","indexId":"70024219","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of the new Massachusetts Bay sewage outfall on the concentrations of metals and bacterial spores in nearby bottom and suspended sediments","docAbstract":"Since the new outfall for Boston's treated sewage effluent began operation on September 6, 2000, no change has been observed in concentrations of silver or Clostridium perfringens spores (an ecologically benign tracer of sewage), in bottom sediments at a site 2.5 km west of the outfall. In suspended sediment samples collected with a time-series sediment trap located 1.3 km south of the outfall, silver and C. perfringens spores increased by 38% and 103%, respectively, in post-outfall samples while chromium, copper, and zinc showed no change. All metal concentrations in sediments are <50% of warning levels established by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority. An 11-year data set of bottom sediment characteristics collected three times per year prior to outfall startup provides perspective for the interpretation of post-outfall data. A greater than twofold increase in concentrations of sewage tracers (silver and C. perfringens) was observed in muddy sediments following the exceptional storm of December 11-16, 1992 that presumably moved contaminated inshore sediment offshore. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00158-3","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Bothner, M., Casso, M., Rendigs, R., and Lamothe, P.J., 2002, The effect of the new Massachusetts Bay sewage outfall on the concentrations of metals and bacterial spores in nearby bottom and suspended sediments: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 44, no. 10, p. 1063-1070, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00158-3.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1063","endPage":"1070","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Boston Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.99365234375,\n 41.78769700539063\n ],\n [\n -69.9169921875,\n 41.78769700539063\n ],\n [\n -69.9169921875,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -70.99365234375,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -70.99365234375,\n 41.78769700539063\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab5ae4b08c986b322daf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":400419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casso, M.A.","contributorId":43131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casso","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rendigs, R.R.","contributorId":50506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rendigs","given":"R.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lamothe, P. J.","contributorId":45672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024033,"text":"70024033 - 2002 - Characterization and isolation of an extracellular serine protease from the tomato pathogen Colletotrichum coccodes, and it's role in pathogenicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:02","indexId":"70024033","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2799,"text":"Mycological Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization and isolation of an extracellular serine protease from the tomato pathogen Colletotrichum coccodes, and it's role in pathogenicity","docAbstract":"Extracellular enzymes play an important role in the pathogenicity and virulence of phytopathogenic fungi. Several isolates of Colletotrichum coccodes, causal agent of anthracnose on tomato, were screened to determine the relationship between protease activity and virulence. A direct relationship was observed between extracellular protease activity and the induction of disease symptoms of fruit and mortality in plants. Isolate Cc155 exhibited the highest protease activity after five days of growth in protease induction medium and produced an extracellular serine protease (sp78) that was 78 kDa, auto-degradative, glucose repressible, and non-glycosylated. To determine the role of sp78 in pathogenicity, a uv-induced extracellular protease deficient mutant (np155) was generated from the wildtype isolate Cc155. Np155 maintained growth rates comparable to Cc155 and produced wildtype levels of extracellular cellulase but did not produce extracellular protease. Unlike Cc155, np155 caused no disease symptoms on tomato fruit and 0% mortality on tomato seedlings. These results suggest that extracellular protease activity is required for pathogenicity and virulence of C. coccodes, and that the elimination of protease activity transforms a virulent pathogen to a non-pathogenic endophyte.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mycological Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1017/S0953756202006883","issn":"09537562","usgsCitation":"Redman, R.S., and Rodriguez, R.J., 2002, Characterization and isolation of an extracellular serine protease from the tomato pathogen Colletotrichum coccodes, and it's role in pathogenicity: Mycological Research, v. 106, no. 12, p. 1427-1434, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756202006883.","startPage":"1427","endPage":"1434","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207259,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0953756202006883"},{"id":232059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4aee4b0c8380cd4be67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Redman, R. S.","contributorId":26094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, R. J.","contributorId":53107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024030,"text":"70024030 - 2002 - Known lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) spawning habitat in the channel between lakes Huron and Erie in the Laurentian Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T10:07:17","indexId":"70024030","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Known lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) spawning habitat in the channel between lakes Huron and Erie in the Laurentian Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Bottom substrates and overlying water at three sites where lake sturgeon were reported by others to spawn in the 160-km channel between lakes Huron and Erie were surveyed by boat just before or after the exact time of spawning in 2001 to determine the kinds of substrates present and differences in water quality at the sites. Substrates, examined and photographed using a high-resolution, underwater, video camera, were beds of either rounded cobble (10-40 cm in diameter) and coarse gravel (2-8 cm in diameter) of glacial origin or coal cinders (0.5-12 cm in diameter) of human origin, >1/4 ha in area and >0.3 m in thickness. Water quality, defined as percent of surface light reaching the bottom (range: 0.05-8.7%), Secchi disc depth (range: 2.5-6.5 m), and water current velocity (range: 0.35-0.98 m s-1), differed more than 3-fold between the three sites. Although water depth at these sites (range: 9-12 m) was greater than in many rivers elsewhere used by lake sturgeon, the water current velocities at these sites were in the range in which lake sturgeon were reported to deposit eggs in two small Canadian rivers (0.1-1.1 m s-1).
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00390.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Manny, B., and Kennedy, G., 2002, Known lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) spawning habitat in the channel between lakes Huron and Erie in the Laurentian Great Lakes: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 18, no. 4-6, p. 486-490, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00390.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"490","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207216,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00390.x"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40bfe4b0c8380cd64ffc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manny, B.A. 0000-0002-4074-9329","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":6000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":399737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, G.W. 0000-0003-1686-6960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-6960","contributorId":86291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":399738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}