Selection is unwittingly influenced by nuances of fish culturists and adaptation of fish to intensive culture within artificial environments. When pathogens are present, susceptible individuals may be selectively eliminated from a population, accounting for inter-specific and intra-specific differences in susceptibility to disease. Biologists often intensify such selection to enhance resistance. Particularly important to this discourse is the selective breeding program initiated by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (Rome, NY, USA) to produce brown trout (Salmo salar) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) that are resistant to Aeromonas salmonicida. This program, specifically as it relates to brook trout, is reviewed throughout the current manuscript. In addition, we present a comparison between the performance of the Rome strain of brook trout to that of the Owhi strain of brook trout during a 17-month production cycle at the Ed Weed Fish Culture Station (Grand Isle, VT, USA) and after stocking into Vermont waters. The Owhi strain is used in recreational fisheries because it has good post-stocking survival, but these fish are sensitive to furunculosis. Our data indicated that the Rome strain had a food conversion rate of 1.3 that was slightly less than the 1.1 conversion rate of the Owhi brook trout. The growth rate measured as Monthly Temperature Units per inch (MTU/in.) among Rome brook trout (24.9 MTU/in.) was better than the Owhi brook trout (29.5 MTU/in.). Both the average length (23.6 cm) and weight (159.7 g) of individual Rome brook trout were superior to those of the Owhi strain (20.4 cm and 78.2 g, respectively). Just prior to stocking, survival within the hatchery was 84% among the Rome trout, but only 51% among the Owhi brook trout and mortality was attributed to a persistent epizootic of furunculosis. Microbiological assays indicated that the prevalence of A. salmonicida in dermal mucus attained equivalent levels within both strains of fish at different phases of the production cycle. The level of systemic infection, however, was regulated to a much greater extent by the Rome strain of brook trout throughout production. Our results indicated that the Rome brook trout strain satisfies management objectives for establishing an effective recreational brook trout fishery. Use of this strain also reduces management issues that complicate production when A. salmonicida is enzootic.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00863-8","usgsCitation":"Cipriano, R.C., Marchant, D., Jones, T., and Schachte, J.H., 2002, Practical application of disease resistance: A brook trout fishery selected for resistance to furunculosis: Aquaculture, v. 206, no. 1/2, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00863-8.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":418,"text":"National Fish Health Research Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","city":"Grand Isle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.35296630859375,\n 44.70770622183535\n ],\n [\n -73.35433959960938,\n 44.679395168267874\n ],\n [\n -73.32138061523438,\n 44.67353598094039\n ],\n [\n -73.28842163085938,\n 44.67548910920999\n ],\n [\n -73.2568359375,\n 44.718441276800455\n ],\n [\n -73.24722290039062,\n 44.75453548416007\n ],\n [\n -73.2733154296875,\n 44.7691618526244\n ],\n [\n -73.29940795898438,\n 44.767211884106956\n ],\n [\n -73.33099365234375,\n 44.74868389996833\n ],\n [\n -73.3447265625,\n 44.73600343509071\n ],\n [\n -73.35296630859375,\n 44.70770622183535\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"206","issue":"1/2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db681cfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cipriano, R. C.","contributorId":12400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cipriano","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marchant, D.","contributorId":21912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marchant","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, T.E.","contributorId":47327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schachte, J. H.","contributorId":27399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schachte","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1016179,"text":"1016179 - 2002 - Growth responses of subalpine fir to climatic variability in the Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-10T17:02:30.494344","indexId":"1016179","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth responses of subalpine fir to climatic variability in the Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"We studied regional variation in growth-limiting factors and responses to climatic variability in subalpine forests by analyzing growth patterns for 28 tree-ring growth chronologies from subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) stands in the Cascade and Olympic Mountains (Washington and Oregon, U.S.A.). Factor analysis identified four distinct time series of common growth patterns; the dominant growth pattern at any site varied with annual precipitation and temperature (elevation). Throughout much of the region, growth is negatively correlated with winter precipitation and spring snowpack depth, indicating that growth is limited primarily by short growing seasons. On the driest and warmest sites, growth is negatively correlated with previous summer temperature, suggesting that low summer soil moisture limits growth. Growth patterns in two regions were sensitive to climatic variability associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, apparently responding to low-frequency variation in spring snowpack and summer soil moisture (one negatively, one positively). This regional-scale analysis shows that subalpine fir growth in the Cascades and Olympics is limited by different climatic factors in different subregional climates. Climate–growth relationships are similar to those for a co-occurring species, mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carrière), suggesting broad biogeographic patterns of response to climatic variability and change by subalpine forest ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/x02-072","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.W., Peterson, D.L., and Ettl, G.J., 2002, Growth responses of subalpine fir to climatic variability in the Pacific Northwest: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 32, no. 9, p. 1503-1517, https://doi.org/10.1139/x02-072.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1503","endPage":"1517","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -117.861328125,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -117.861328125,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 43.83452678223682\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae28b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, David W.","contributorId":229052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":41567,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Threats Characterization and Management Program, 1133 N. Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA, 98801, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":323682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, David L. davep@usgs.gov","contributorId":292421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"David","email":"davep@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ettl, Gregory J.","contributorId":76276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ettl","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1013196,"text":"1013196 - 2002 - A near-surface, daytime occurrence of two mesopelagic fish species (Stenobrachius leucopsarus and Leuroglossus schmidti) in a glacial fjord","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T13:06:15","indexId":"1013196","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A near-surface, daytime occurrence of two mesopelagic fish species (Stenobrachius leucopsarus and Leuroglossus schmidti) in a glacial fjord","docAbstract":"The northern lampfish (Stenobrachius leucopsarus, family Myctophidae) and northern smoothtongue (Leuroglossus schmidti, family Bathylagidae) are mesopelagic fishes, defined by their vertical distribution in the mesopelagic zone (200–1000 m) during daylight hours. Northern lampfish range from the Bering Sea to southern California (Shimada, 1948), where their abundance is highest along the continental slope and decreases over the continental shelf. They are the most abundant species in the mesopelagic zone of the Bering Sea (Pearcy et al., 1977; Sobolevsky et al., 1996), the Gulf of Alaska (Purcell, 1996), and the eastern North Pacific Ocean off Oregon (Pearcy, 1964; Pearcy et al., 1977). Northern smoothtongue also concentrate in areas bordering the continental slope and are widely distributed from southern British Columbia to the Bering Sea (Peden, 1981) and are very abundant in the Okhotsk Sea (Sobolevsky et al., 1996).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Abookire, A.A., Piatt, J.F., and Speckman, S., 2002, A near-surface, daytime occurrence of two mesopelagic fish species (Stenobrachius leucopsarus and Leuroglossus schmidti) in a glacial fjord: Fishery Bulletin, v. 100, p. 376-380.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"380","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341112,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://aquaticcommons.org/15216/"}],"volume":"100","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abookire, Alisa A.","contributorId":107224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abookire","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":318532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":318531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024551,"text":"70024551 - 2002 - Provisioning rates and time budgets of adult and nestling Bald Eagles at Inland Wisconsin nests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:13","indexId":"70024551","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Provisioning rates and time budgets of adult and nestling Bald Eagles at Inland Wisconsin nests","docAbstract":"We used a remote video recording system and direct observation to quantify provisioning rate and adult and nestling behavior at Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nests in north-central Wisconsin in 1992 (N = 5) and 1993 (N = 8). Eagles nesting in this region have a high reproductive rate (??? 1.3 young/occupied territory), and the number of occupied territories has expanded nearly three-fold since 1980. The season-long provisioning rate averaged 5.2 prey deliveries/nest/d and 3.0 prey deliveries/nestling/d, and did not vary by year or with nestling number or age. Fish (Osteichthyes) made up 97% of identified prey deliveries followed by reptiles (Reptilia) (1.5%), birds (Aves) (1.2%), and mammals (Mammalia) (0.6%). Nearly 85% of prey items were >15 cm and <45 cm and 13% were <15 cm in length. Adult attendance (time ??? adult was at the nest) at nestling age 2-4 wk was >90% of the day and was negatively correlated with nestling age. Time adults spent feeding nestlings was negatively correlated with nestling age. Nestlings stood or sat in the nest >30% of the day, began to feed themselves, and exhibited increased mobility in the nest at 6-8 wk. We identified three stages of the nestling period and several benchmarks that may be useful when scheduling data collection for comparison of Bald Eagle nesting behavior. Our results support the hypothesis that food was not limiting this breeding population of Bald Eagles. ?? 2002 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Keith, W.D., Andersen, D., Dykstra, C.R., Meyer, M., and Karasov, W.H., 2002, Provisioning rates and time budgets of adult and nestling Bald Eagles at Inland Wisconsin nests: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 36, no. 2, p. 121-127.","startPage":"121","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232805,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8fb2e4b0c8380cd7f8ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keith, Warnke D.","contributorId":95236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Warnke","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, D. E.","contributorId":27816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dykstra, Cheryl R.","contributorId":18142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dykstra","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, M.W.","contributorId":38094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karasov, W. H.","contributorId":25889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karasov","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1016306,"text":"1016306 - 2002 - Comparison of desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) populations in an unused and off-road vehicle area in the Mojave Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T16:43:32","indexId":"1016306","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1210,"text":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) populations in an unused and off-road vehicle area in the Mojave Desert","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
Using molecular-genetic techniques, we determined the gender of 202 Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) nestlings from 95 nests sampled over a five-year period. Overall nestling sex ratio did not vary significantly from 50:50 among years, by clutch order, or by mating strategy (monogamous vs. polygamous pairings). However, we did observe significant differences among the four sites sampled, with sex ratios biased either toward males or females at the different sites. Given the small population sizes and geographic isolation of many of the endangered subspecies' breeding populations, sex-ratio differences may have localized negative impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/104.4.877","usgsCitation":"Paxton, E.H., Sogge, M.K., McCarthey, T., and Keim, P., 2002, Nestling sex ratios in the southwestern willow flycatcher: Condor, v. 104, no. 4, p. 877-881, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.4.877.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"877","endPage":"881","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697bea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":19640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sogge, Mark K. 0000-0002-8337-5689 mark_sogge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-5689","contributorId":3710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sogge","given":"Mark","email":"mark_sogge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCarthey, Tracy","contributorId":50119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthey","given":"Tracy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keim, Paul","contributorId":93010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keim","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":323940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024847,"text":"70024847 - 2002 - Evapotranspiration and canopy resistance at an undeveloped prairie in a humid subtropical climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-03T16:44:18.057306","indexId":"70024847","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evapotranspiration and canopy resistance at an undeveloped prairie in a humid subtropical climate","docAbstract":"Reliable estimates of evapotranspiration from areas of wildland vegetation are needed for many types of water-resource investigations. However, little is known about surface fluxes from many areally important vegetation types, and relatively few comparisons have been made to examine how well evapotranspiration models can predict evapotranspiration for soil-, climate-, or vegetation-types that differ from those under which the models have been calibrated. In this investigation at a prairie site in west-central Florida, latent heat flux (λE) computed from the energy balance and alternatively by eddy covariance during a 15-month period differed by 4 percent and 7 percent on hourly and daily time scales, respectively. Annual evapotranspiration computed from the energy balance and by eddy covariance were 978 and 944 mm, respectively. An hourly Penman-Monteith (PM) evapotranspiration model with stomatal control predicated on water-vapor-pressure deficit at canopy level, incoming solar radiation intensity, and soil water deficit was developed and calibrated using surface fluxes from eddy covariance. Model-predicted λE agreed closely with λE computed from the energy balance except when moisture from dew or precipitation covered vegetation surfaces. Finally, an hourly PM model developed for an Amazonian pasture predicted λE for the Florida prairie with unexpected reliability. Additional comparisons of PM-type models that have been developed for differing types of short vegetation could aid in assessing interchangeability of such models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb01546.x","usgsCitation":"Bidlake, W.R., 2002, Evapotranspiration and canopy resistance at an undeveloped prairie in a humid subtropical climate: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 38, no. 1, p. 197-211, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb01546.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"211","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.31781005859374,\n 27.1923499094294\n ],\n [\n -82.17361450195312,\n 27.1923499094294\n ],\n [\n -82.17361450195312,\n 27.28880751983314\n ],\n [\n -82.31781005859374,\n 27.28880751983314\n ],\n [\n -82.31781005859374,\n 27.1923499094294\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d17e4b0c8380cd52e00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bidlake, William R. wbidlake@usgs.gov","contributorId":1712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidlake","given":"William","email":"wbidlake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":402831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70024850,"text":"70024850 - 2002 - Eros: Shape, topography, and slope processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T08:45:48","indexId":"70024850","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eros: Shape, topography, and slope processes","docAbstract":"Stereogrammetric measurement of the shape of Eros using images obtained by NEAR's Multispectral Imager provides a survey of the major topographic features and slope processes on this asteroid. This curved asteroid has radii ranging from 3.1 to 17.7 km and a volume of 2535±20 km3. The center of figure is within 52 m of the center of mass provided by the Navigation team; this minimal difference suggests that there are only modest variations in density or porosity within the asteroid. Three large depressions 10, 8, and 5.3 km across represent different stages of degradation of large impact craters. Slopes on horizontal scales of ∼300 m are nearly all less than 35°, although locally scarps are much steeper. The area distribution of slopes is similar to those on Ida, Phobos, and Deimos. Regions that have slopes greater than 25° have distinct brighter markings and have fewer large ejecta blocks than do flatter areas. The albedo patterns that suggest downslope transport of regolith have sharper boundaries than those on Phobos, Deimos, and Gaspra. The morphology of the albedo patterns, their lack of discrete sources, and their concentration on steeper slopes suggest transport mechanisms different from those on the previously well-observed small bodies, perhaps due to a reduced relative effectiveness of impact gardening on Eros. Regolith is also transported in talus cones and in connected, sinuous paths extending as much as 2 km, with some evident as relatively darker material. Talus material in at least one area is a discrete superposed unit, a feature not resolved on other small bodies. Flat-floored craters that apparently contain ponded material also suggest discrete units that are not well mixed by impacts.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/icar.2001.6755","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Thomas, P., Joseph, J., Carcich, B., Veverka, J., Clark, B., Bell, J., Byrd, A., Chomko, R., Robinson, M., Murchie, S., Prockter, L., Cheng, A., Izenberg, N., Malin, M., Chapman, C., McFadden, L., Kirk, R.L., Gaffey, M., and Lucey, P.G., 2002, Eros: Shape, topography, and slope processes: Icarus, v. 155, no. 1, p. 18-37, https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6755.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Eros","volume":"155","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a2fe4b0c8380cd52236","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, P.C.","contributorId":32690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joseph, J.","contributorId":14555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joseph","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carcich, B.","contributorId":80461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carcich","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Veverka, J.","contributorId":71689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veverka","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, B.E.","contributorId":81662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Byrd, A.W.","contributorId":104254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrd","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chomko, R.","contributorId":52755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chomko","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Robinson, M.","contributorId":50272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Murchie, S.","contributorId":16584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murchie","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Prockter, L.","contributorId":22118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prockter","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Cheng, A.","contributorId":84950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Izenberg, N.","contributorId":56777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izenberg","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Malin, M.","contributorId":8636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malin","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Chapman, C.","contributorId":16951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"McFadden, L.A.","contributorId":35511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFadden","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":402851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Gaffey, M.","contributorId":55610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaffey","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Lucey, P. G.","contributorId":72532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucey","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":1008370,"text":"1008370 - 2002 - Increasing diversity in our profession","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T10:48:45","indexId":"1008370","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increasing diversity in our profession","docAbstract":"The Wildlife Society's (TWS) Ethnic and Gender Diversity Committee (previously the Minority Affairs Committee) was established in 1998 and given several charges by TWS Council. This paper responds to our original charge to consider possi- ble actions and programs that TWS might undertake to increase minority participation in the wildlife profession and TWS (R.Anthony, 13 February 1998, Memo to MinorityAffairs Committee).
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Davis, R.D., Diswood, S., Dominguez, A., Engel-Wilson, R.W., Jefferson, K., Miles, A.K., Moore, E.F., Reidinger, R., Ruther, S., Valdez, R., Wilson, K., and Zablan, M.A., 2002, Increasing diversity in our profession: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 30, no. 2, p. 628-633.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"628","endPage":"633","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342478,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3784527"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5529","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Ronald D. Sr.","contributorId":175037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Ronald","suffix":"Sr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diswood, Samuel","contributorId":175038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diswood","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dominguez, Annette","contributorId":175039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dominguez","given":"Annette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engel-Wilson, Ronald W.","contributorId":175040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engel-Wilson","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jefferson, Keith","contributorId":175041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jefferson","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":317555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moore, Elizabeth F.","contributorId":175042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reidinger, Russell","contributorId":175043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reidinger","given":"Russell","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ruther, Sherry","contributorId":175044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruther","given":"Sherry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Valdez, Raul","contributorId":86607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"Raul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wilson, Kenneth","contributorId":175045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Kenneth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Zablan, Marilet A.","contributorId":175046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zablan","given":"Marilet","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":1008374,"text":"1008374 - 2002 - Fecampia erythrocephala rediscovered: prevalence and distribution of a parasitoid of the European shore crab, Carcinus maenas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-08T12:38:31","indexId":"1008374","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2560,"text":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","onlineIssn":"1469-7769","printIssn":" 0025-315","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Fecampia erythrocephala rediscovered: Prevalence and distribution of a parasitoid of the European shore crab, Carcinus maenas","title":"Fecampia erythrocephala rediscovered: prevalence and distribution of a parasitoid of the European shore crab, Carcinus maenas","docAbstract":"An ecological assessment of Fecampia erythrocephala, reporting its habitat distribution, abundance, host specificity, size-specific prevalence, frequency distribution among hosts, effect on host growth, and its site specificity within these hosts is presented. At the Isle of Man and near Plymouth, Fecampia erythrocephala cocoons were generally abundant on the undersides of rocks in the Ascophyllum and Fucus serratus zones. Infected crabs were also most common in these habitats. Both Carcinus maenas and Cancer pagurus were parasitized at similar prevalences, although the former species was relatively much more common in the habitats where the worm cocoons were abundant. Fecampia erythrocephala did not infect crabs larger than 11 mm carapace width, and prevalence decreased significantly with crab size. Prevalences reached 11% in areas where cocoons were abundant. Together with the large size of these worms relative to the size of the host crabs and the observations on worm emergence, these life history features indicate that F. erythrocephala is a parasitoid of young shore crabs. Fecampia erythrocephala cocoon abundance is often high in localized areas and size-prevalence information suggests that worms mature rapidly in these crabs. This suggests that F. erythrocephala is an important contributor to crab mortality and to the ecology of shore crabs at these sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0025315402006446","usgsCitation":"Kuris, A.M., Torchin, M.E., and Lafferty, K.D., 2002, Fecampia erythrocephala rediscovered: prevalence and distribution of a parasitoid of the European shore crab, Carcinus maenas: Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, v. 82, no. 6, p. 955-960, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315402006446.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"955","endPage":"960","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6de1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torchin, Mark E.","contributorId":25685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torchin","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":317567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024726,"text":"70024726 - 2002 - Depositional history and neotectonics in Great Salt Lake, Utah, from high-resolution seismic stratigraphy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-24T13:42:47","indexId":"70024726","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional history and neotectonics in Great Salt Lake, Utah, from high-resolution seismic stratigraphy","docAbstract":"High-resolution seismic-reflection data from Great Salt Lake show that the basinal sediment sequence is cut by numerous faults with N-S and NE-SW orientations. This faulting shows evidence of varied timing and relative offsets, but includes at least three events totaling about 12 m following the Bonneville phase of the lake (since about 13.5 ka). Several faults displace the uppermost sediments and the lake floor. Bioherm structures are present above some faults, which suggests that the faults served as conduits for sublacustrine discharge of fresh water. A shallow, fault-controlled ridge between Carrington Island and Promontory Point, underlain by a well-cemented pavement, separates the main lake into two basins. The pavement appears to be early Holocene in age and younger sediments lap onto it. Onlap-offlap relationships, reflection truncations, and morphology of the lake floor indicate a low lake, well below the present level, during the early Holocene, during which most of the basin was probably a playa. This low stand is represented by irregular reflections in seismic profiles from the deepest part of the basin. Other prominent reflectors in the profiles are correlated with lithologic changes in sediment cores related to the end of the Bonneville stage of the lake, a thick mirabilite layer in the northern basin, and the Mazama tephra. Reflections below those penetrated by sediment cores document earlier lacustrine cycles. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0037-0738(01)00210-X","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., Kelts, K., and Dinter, D.A., 2002, Depositional history and neotectonics in Great Salt Lake, Utah, from high-resolution seismic stratigraphy: Sedimentary Geology, v. 148, no. 1-2, p. 61-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0037-0738(01)00210-X.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"78","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.11547851562499,\n 40.85744791303121\n ],\n [\n -111.96990966796875,\n 40.925964939514294\n ],\n [\n -111.91497802734375,\n 40.95501133048619\n ],\n [\n -112.049560546875,\n 41.02964338716638\n ],\n [\n -112.12921142578125,\n 41.09591205639546\n ],\n [\n -112.203369140625,\n 41.18485540813213\n ],\n [\n -112.24456787109375,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -112.20062255859374,\n 41.32938883149378\n ],\n [\n -112.1044921875,\n 41.3500103516271\n ],\n [\n -112.05780029296875,\n 41.37886950966323\n ],\n [\n -112.06329345703125,\n 41.43449030894922\n ],\n [\n -112.11273193359375,\n 41.44478523154319\n ],\n [\n -112.2528076171875,\n 41.41183573100123\n ],\n [\n -112.29400634765624,\n 41.44066745847658\n ],\n [\n -112.31597900390625,\n 41.46125371076149\n ],\n [\n -112.22259521484375,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -112.18414306640625,\n 41.4941781255972\n ],\n [\n -112.24456787109375,\n 41.52297326747377\n ],\n [\n -112.32696533203125,\n 41.52091689636249\n ],\n [\n -112.4066162109375,\n 41.47771800887873\n ],\n [\n -112.43408203124999,\n 41.43449030894922\n ],\n [\n -112.41485595703125,\n 41.3500103516271\n ],\n [\n -112.39013671875,\n 41.292253642159466\n ],\n [\n -112.40386962890624,\n 41.226183305514596\n ],\n [\n -112.48626708984375,\n 41.21378767703215\n ],\n [\n -112.48901367187499,\n 41.281934557995356\n ],\n [\n -112.5384521484375,\n 41.38299120166604\n ],\n [\n -112.56317138671875,\n 41.448902743309674\n ],\n [\n -112.61810302734375,\n 41.44684402008925\n ],\n [\n -112.69775390625,\n 41.44684402008925\n ],\n [\n -112.78839111328125,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -112.76641845703125,\n 41.6154423246811\n ],\n [\n -112.7581787109375,\n 41.67496335351134\n ],\n [\n -112.83233642578124,\n 41.70367796221136\n ],\n [\n -112.86529541015625,\n 41.68316883525891\n ],\n [\n -112.9449462890625,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -113.04656982421875,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -113.13720703125,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n -113.03009033203125,\n 41.57847058443442\n ],\n [\n -113.08502197265625,\n 41.55997677258171\n ],\n [\n -113.03009033203125,\n 41.42625319507272\n ],\n [\n -112.994384765625,\n 41.33970040774422\n ],\n [\n -113.01910400390624,\n 41.35413387210046\n ],\n [\n -113.0712890625,\n 41.31494988250965\n ],\n [\n -113.01361083984375,\n 41.2674850985213\n ],\n [\n -112.906494140625,\n 41.269549502842565\n ],\n [\n -112.818603515625,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -112.8131103515625,\n 41.139364576446745\n ],\n [\n -112.8131103515625,\n 41.07935114946896\n ],\n [\n -112.82684326171875,\n 41.04828819952275\n ],\n [\n -112.774658203125,\n 41.025499378313754\n ],\n [\n -112.796630859375,\n 40.99855696412671\n ],\n [\n -112.77191162109375,\n 40.96538194577488\n ],\n [\n -112.7142333984375,\n 40.93841495689793\n ],\n [\n -112.66754150390625,\n 40.88860081193033\n ],\n [\n -112.63732910156249,\n 40.83251504043271\n ],\n [\n -112.6043701171875,\n 40.76182096906601\n ],\n [\n -112.55218505859374,\n 40.78262115769851\n ],\n [\n -112.55218505859374,\n 40.863679665481676\n ],\n [\n -112.49725341796874,\n 40.91766362458114\n ],\n [\n -112.49176025390625,\n 40.86783384138491\n ],\n [\n -112.4615478515625,\n 40.78678041401646\n ],\n [\n -112.42584228515625,\n 40.74101426921151\n ],\n [\n -112.39288330078125,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -112.31597900390625,\n 40.67855510939917\n ],\n [\n -112.19238281249999,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -112.11822509765625,\n 40.80965166748853\n ],\n [\n -112.11547851562499,\n 40.85744791303121\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fec4e4b0c8380cd4eef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":402428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelts, K.R.","contributorId":42755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelts","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dinter, David A.","contributorId":104010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinter","given":"David","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024526,"text":"70024526 - 2002 - A serotype-specific polymerase chain reaction for identification of Pasteurella multocida serotype 1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T11:02:59","indexId":"70024526","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":948,"text":"Avian Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A serotype-specific polymerase chain reaction for identification of Pasteurella multocida serotype 1","docAbstract":"A serotype-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for detection and identification of Pasteurella multocida serotype 1, the causative agent of avian cholera in wild waterfowl. Arbitrarily primed PCR was used to detect DNA fragments that distinguish serotype 1 from the other 15 serotypes of P. multocida (with the exception of serotype 14). Oligonucleotide primers were constructed from these sequences, and a PCR assay was optimized and evaluated. PCR reactions consistently resulted in amplification products with reference strains 1 and 14 and all other serotype 1 strains tested, with cell numbers as low as 2.3 cells/ml. No amplification products were produced with other P. multocida serotypes or any other bacterial species tested. To compare the sensitivity and further test the specificity of this PCR assay with traditional culturing and serotyping techniques, tissue samples from 84 Pekin ducks inoculated with field strains of P. multocida and 54 wild lesser snow geese collected during an avian cholera outbreak were provided by other investigators working on avian cholera. PCR was as sensitive (58/64) as routine isolation (52/64) in detecting and identifying P. multocida serotype 1 from the livers of inoculated Pekins that became sick or died from avian cholera. No product was amplified from tissues of 20 other Pekin ducks that received serotypes other than type 1 (serotype 3, 12 × 3, or 10) or 12 control birds. Of the 54 snow geese necropsied and tested for P. multocida, our PCR detected and identified the bacteria from 44 compared with 45 by direct isolation. The serotype-specific PCR we developed was much faster and less labor intensive than traditional culturing and serotyping procedures and could result in diagnosis of serotype 1 pasteurellosis within 24 hr of specimen submission.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.1637/0005-2086(2002)046[0370:ASSPCR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00052086","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T., Smith, S., Miyamoto, A., and Shadduck, D., 2002, A serotype-specific polymerase chain reaction for identification of Pasteurella multocida serotype 1: Avian Diseases, v. 46, no. 2, p. 370-377, https://doi.org/10.1637/0005-2086(2002)046[0370:ASSPCR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"370","endPage":"377","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e586e4b0c8380cd46dbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":88680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, S.R.","contributorId":12809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miyamoto, A.","contributorId":45491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miyamoto","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shadduck, D.J.","contributorId":74708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shadduck","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1014982,"text":"1014982 - 2002 - Spatial and temporal distribution of horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) Spawning Delaware Bay: Implications for monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T16:57:43.636246","indexId":"1014982","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Spatial and temporal distribution of horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) Spawning Delaware Bay: Implications for monitoring","title":"Spatial and temporal distribution of horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) Spawning Delaware Bay: Implications for monitoring","docAbstract":"Concern for the status of horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) has increased as harvest for conch and eel bait has increased and spawning habitat has decreased. In early 1999 a workshop was held at the behest of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission to design a statistically valid survey of horseshoe crab spawning in Delaware Bay. The survey that resulted was a redesign of a volunteer-based spawning survey that began in 1990, and its network of volunteers was relied on to implement the three-stage sampling design in 1999. During May and June of 1999, 163 participants surveyed during the highest of the daily high tides on 16 beaches (8 on each site of Delaware Bay). During the first half of the spawning season, spawning was associated with lunar phases, but moderated by wave height. Disproportionately more spawning occurred within 3 d of the first new and full moons, and spawning activity (measured by an index of female density) was correlated inversely to the percent of beaches with waves ≥0.3 m. Spawning was heaviest on the Delaware shore around the full moon in May in spite of low waves in New Jersey during the new and full moons in May. Number of beaches sampled was the most important factor in determining the precision of the spawning index and power to detect a decline. Explicit consideration of statistical power has been absent from the current debate on horseshoe crab status and harvest. Those who argue against harvest restrictions because of a lack of statistically significant declines take on a burden to show that the surveys they cite have high statistical power. We show the Delaware Bay spawning survey will achieve high statistical power with sufficient sampling intensity and duration. We recommend that future Delaware Bay spawning surveys sample on 3 d around each new and full moon in May and June and increase the number of beaches to ensure high statistical power to detect trends in baywide spawning activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02696055","usgsCitation":"Smith, D., Pooler, P., Swan, B., Michels, S., Hall, W., Himchak, P., and Millard, M.J., 2002, Spatial and temporal distribution of horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) Spawning Delaware Bay: Implications for monitoring: Estuaries, v. 25, no. 1, p. 115-125, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02696055.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"125","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.421142578125,\n 39.081040177486095\n ],\n [\n -75.30853271484374,\n 38.88889501576177\n ],\n [\n -75.2178955078125,\n 38.805470223177466\n ],\n [\n -75.08880615234375,\n 38.777640223073355\n ],\n [\n -74.9761962890625,\n 38.82045110711473\n ],\n [\n -74.96246337890625,\n 38.953001345359894\n ],\n [\n -74.89654541015625,\n 39.08530414503412\n ],\n [\n -74.90203857421875,\n 39.22587043822116\n ],\n [\n -75.43762207031251,\n 39.281167913914636\n ],\n [\n -75.421142578125,\n 39.081040177486095\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6f48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":321736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pooler, P.S.","contributorId":78686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pooler","given":"P.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swan, B.L.","contributorId":92204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swan","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michels, S.F.","contributorId":34867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michels","given":"S.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hall, W.R.","contributorId":22284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Himchak, P.J.","contributorId":90252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himchak","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Millard, M. J.","contributorId":40555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millard","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70025089,"text":"70025089 - 2002 - The surface rupture and slip distribution of the 17 August 1999 Izmit earthquake (M 7.4), North Anatolian fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-12T09:03:34","indexId":"70025089","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The surface rupture and slip distribution of the 17 August 1999 Izmit earthquake (M 7.4), North Anatolian fault","docAbstract":"The 17 August 1999 İzmit earthquake occurred on the northern strand of the North Anatolian fault zone. The earthquake is associated with a 145-km-long surface rupture that extends from southwest of Düzce in the east to west of Hersek delta in the west. Detailed mapping of the surface rupture shows that it consists of five segments separated by releasing step-overs; herein named the Hersek, Karamürsel-Gölcük, İzmit-Sapanca Lake, Sapanca-Akyazi, and Karadere segments from west to east, respectively. The Hersek segment, which cuts the tip of a large delta plain in the western end of the rupture zone, has an orientation of N80°. The N70°-80°E-trending Karamürsel-Gölcük segment extends along the linear southern coasts of the İzmit Gulf between Karamürsel and Gölcük and produced the 470-cm maximum displacement in Gölcük. The northwest-southeast-striking Gölcük normal fault between the Karamürsel-Gölcük and İzmit-Sapanca segments has 2.3-m maximum vertical displacement. The maximum dextral offset along the İzmit-Sapanca Lake segment was measured to be about 3.5 m, and its trend varies between N80°E and east-west. The Sapanca-Akyazi segment trends N75°-85°W and expresses a maximum displacement of 5.2 m. The Karadere segment trends N65°E and produced up to 1.5-m maximum displacement. The Karadere and Sapanca-Akyazi segments form fan-shape or splaying ruptures near their eastern ends where the displacement also diminished.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120000841","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Barka, A., Akyuz, H., Altunel, E., Sunal, G., Cakir, Z., Dikbas, A., Yerli, B., Armijo, R., Meyer, B., De Chabalier, J.B., Rockwell, T., Dolan, J., Hartleb, R., Dawson, T., Christofferson, S., Tucker, A., Fumal, T., Langridge, R., Stenner, H., Lettis, W., Bachhuber, J., and Page, W., 2002, The surface rupture and slip distribution of the 17 August 1999 Izmit earthquake (M 7.4), North Anatolian fault: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 92, no. 1, p. 43-60, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000841.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"60","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209471,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000841"}],"volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb0ace4b08c986b324fe8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barka, A.","contributorId":43526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barka","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Akyuz, H.S.","contributorId":94481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akyuz","given":"H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Altunel, E.","contributorId":72575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altunel","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sunal, G.","contributorId":105507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sunal","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cakir, Z.","contributorId":62005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cakir","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dikbas, A.","contributorId":74183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dikbas","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yerli, B.","contributorId":33902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerli","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Armijo, R.","contributorId":96466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armijo","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Meyer, B.","contributorId":33106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"De Chabalier, J. B.","contributorId":26494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Chabalier","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rockwell, Thomas","contributorId":58810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Dolan, J.R.","contributorId":7063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolan","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hartleb, R.","contributorId":86143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartleb","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Dawson, Tim","contributorId":50692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Christofferson, S.","contributorId":84139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christofferson","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Tucker, A.","contributorId":99752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Fumal, T.","contributorId":46692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fumal","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Langridge, Rob","contributorId":89695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langridge","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Stenner, H.","contributorId":20524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenner","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Lettis, William","contributorId":61605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lettis","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Bachhuber, J.","contributorId":58059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachhuber","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Page, W.","contributorId":73799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}} ,{"id":70024858,"text":"70024858 - 2002 - Space use, migratory connectivity, and population segregation among Willets breeding in the western Great Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-22T16:56:14.513477","indexId":"70024858","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Space use, migratory connectivity, and population segregation among Willets breeding in the western Great Basin","docAbstract":"Western Willets (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus inornatus) were banded (n = 146 breeding adults and chicks) and radio-marked (n = 68 adults) at three western Great Basin wetland complexes to determine inter- and intraseasonal space use and movement patterns (primarily in 1998 and 1999). Birds were then tracked to overwintering sites where migratory connectivity and local movements were documented. Willets arrived synchronously at breeding sites during mid-April and spent less than 12 weeks in the Great Basin. There were no movements to other sites in the Great Basin during the breeding or postbreeding season. However, most breeding birds moved locally on a daily basis from upland nest sites to wetland foraging sites. The mean distance breeding birds were detected from nests did not differ between sexes or between members of a pair, although these distances were greater among postbreeding than breeding birds. Home-range estimates did not differ significantly between paired males and females during breeding or postbreeding. However, female home ranges were larger following breeding than during breeding. Shortly after chicks fledged, adult Willets left the Great Basin for locations primarily at coastal and estuarine sites in the San Francisco Bay area. Limited data revealed little among-site movements once Willets arrived at the coast, and birds appeared to be site faithful in subsequent winters. Winter sites of western Great Basin Willets differed from those used by birds from other areas in the subspecies' range, suggesting another subspecies or distinct population segment may exist. This study illustrates the importance of understanding movements and space use throughout the annual cycle in conservation planning.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/104.3.620","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., Oring, L., Sanzenbacher, P., and Taft, O., 2002, Space use, migratory connectivity, and population segregation among Willets breeding in the western Great Basin: Condor, v. 104, no. 3, p. 620-630, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.3.620.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"620","endPage":"630","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478645,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.3.620","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":233108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.88232421875,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -120.1904296875,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -120.1904296875,\n 42.956422511073335\n ],\n [\n -121.88232421875,\n 42.956422511073335\n ],\n [\n -121.88232421875,\n 39.53793974517628\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9409e4b08c986b31a815","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, S. M. 0000-0002-6616-7589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":55389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oring, L.W.","contributorId":46451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oring","given":"L.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanzenbacher, P.M.","contributorId":29553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzenbacher","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taft, O.W.","contributorId":45435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taft","given":"O.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1014936,"text":"1014936 - 2002 - Isolation of thiaminase-positive bacteria from alewife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-18T16:28:23.982555","indexId":"1014936","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isolation of thiaminase-positive bacteria from alewife","docAbstract":"Evidence pointing to thiamine deficiency as a primary factor in early mortality syndrome in feral salmonids from the Great Lakes and New York's Finger Lakes continues to mount. Such deficiency is believed to be the result of the consumption of nontraditional forage fish, such as alewife Alosa pseudoharengus, that contain thiaminase activity. The source of thiaminase within these forage fish has not been reported. In this study, we report finding thiaminase-positive Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus and other Paenibacillaceae that are closely related to P. thiaminolyticus in the viscera of frozen alewives. Thiaminase-positive bacteria associated with alewife viscera have not previously been reported. Because viable thiaminase-positive cultures were found in only 25% of the fish, bacteria should be considered as only one potential source of thiaminase in alewives.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(2002)131%3C0171:IOTPBF%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Honeyfield, D., and Hinterkopf, J.P., 2002, Isolation of thiaminase-positive bacteria from alewife: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 131, no. 1, p. 171-175, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2002)131%3C0171:IOTPBF%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"175","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db66716f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Honeyfield, D. C. 0000-0003-3034-2047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":73136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":321587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hinterkopf, J. P.","contributorId":11145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinterkopf","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014608,"text":"1014608 - 2002 - Association of methylmercury with dissolved humic acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T16:10:01.349519","indexId":"1014608","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Association of methylmercury with dissolved humic acids","docAbstract":"Sorption of methylmercury (MeHg) to three different humic acids was investigated as a function of pH and humic concentration. The extent of sorption did not show a strong pH dependence within the pH range of 5−9. Below pH 5, a decrease in adsorption for all humic samples was observed. The experimental data for equilibrium sorption of MeHg were modeled using a discrete log K spectrum approach with three weakly acidic functional groups. The modeling parameters, which were the equilibrium binding constants and the total binding capacities, represented the data well at all MeHg and humic concentra tions and pH values for a given humic sample. The estimated binding constants for complexes of MeHg with humic acids were similar in magnitude to those of MeHg with thiol-containing compounds, suggesting that binding of MeHg involves the thiol groups of humic acids. The results show that only a small fraction of the reduced sulfur species in humic substances may take part in binding MeHg, but in most natural systems, this subfraction is considerably higher in concentration than ambient MeHg. The model developed here can be incorporated into speciation models to assess the bioavailability of MeHg in the presence of dissolved organic matter and competing ligands such as chloride and sulfide.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es011044q","usgsCitation":"Amirbahman, A., Reid, A., Haines, T., Kahl, J.S., and Arnold, C., 2002, Association of methylmercury with dissolved humic acids: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 36, no. 4, p. 690-695, https://doi.org/10.1021/es011044q.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"690","endPage":"695","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-01-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66ce24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amirbahman, A.","contributorId":25111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amirbahman","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, A.L.","contributorId":65810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haines, T.A.","contributorId":83062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kahl, J. S.","contributorId":77885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kahl","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arnold, C.","contributorId":107238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70024337,"text":"70024337 - 2002 - Fault structure and mechanics of the Hayward Fault, California from double-difference earthquake locations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-02T15:41:29.284363","indexId":"70024337","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fault structure and mechanics of the Hayward Fault, California from double-difference earthquake locations","docAbstract":"The relationship between small-magnitude seismicity and large-scale crustal faulting along the Hayward Fault, California, is investigated using a double-difference (DD) earthquake location algorithm. We used the DD method to determine high-resolution hypocenter locations of the seismicity that occurred between 1967 and 1998. The DD technique incorporates catalog travel time data and relative P and S wave arrival time measurements from waveform cross correlation to solve for the hypocentral separation between events. The relocated seismicity reveals a narrow, near-vertical fault zone at most locations. This zone follows the Hayward Fault along its northern half and then diverges from it to the east near San Leandro, forming the Mission trend. The relocated seismicity is consistent with the idea that slip from the Calaveras Fault is transferred over the Mission trend onto the northern Hayward Fault. The Mission trend is not clearly associated with any mapped active fault as it continues to the south and joins the Calaveras Fault at Calaveras Reservoir. In some locations, discrete structures adjacent to the main trace are seen, features that were previously hidden in the uncertainty of the network locations. The fine structure of the seismicity suggests that the fault surface on the northern Hayward Fault is curved or that the events occur on several substructures. Near San Leandro, where the more westerly striking trend of the Mission seismicity intersects with the surface trace of the (aseismic) southern Hayward Fault, the seismicity remains diffuse after relocation, with strong variation in focal mechanisms between adjacent events indicating a highly fractured zone of deformation. The seismicity is highly organized in space, especially on the northern Hayward Fault, where it forms horizontal, slip-parallel streaks of hypocenters of only a few tens of meters width, bounded by areas almost absent of seismic activity. During the interval from 1984 to 1998, when digital waveforms are available, we find that fewer than 6.5% of the earthquakes can be classified as repeating earthquakes, events that rupture the same fault patch more than one time. These most commonly are located in the shallow creeping part of the fault, or within the streaks at greater depth. The slow repeat rate of 2–3 times within the 15-year observation period for events with magnitudes around M = 1.5 is indicative of a low slip rate or a high stress drop. The absence of microearthquakes over large, contiguous areas of the northern Hayward Fault plane in the depth interval from ∼5 to 10 km and the concentrations of seismicity at these depths suggest that the aseismic regions are either locked or retarded and are storing strain energy for release in future large-magnitude earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JB000084","usgsCitation":"Waldhause, F., and Ellsworth, W.L., 2002, Fault structure and mechanics of the Hayward Fault, California from double-difference earthquake locations: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 107, no. B3, p. ESE 3-1-ESE 3-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB000084.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"ESE 3-1","endPage":"ESE 3-15","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478719,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d8xd0zr0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Hayward Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.56372070312499,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -121.06933593749999,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 38.8824811975508\n ],\n [\n -122.70629882812499,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -121.56372070312499,\n 36.98500309285596\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"B3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f1ce4b0c8380cd5378d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waldhause, Felix","contributorId":50822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldhause","given":"Felix","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70024772,"text":"70024772 - 2002 - Place vs. time and vegetational persistence: A comparison of four tropical mires from the Illinois Basin during the height of the Pennsylvanian Ice Age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70024772","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Place vs. time and vegetational persistence: A comparison of four tropical mires from the Illinois Basin during the height of the Pennsylvanian Ice Age","docAbstract":"Coal balls were collected from four coal beds in the southeastern part of the Illinois Basin. Collections were made from the Springfield, Herrin, and Baker coals in western Kentucky, and from the Danville Coal in southwestern Indiana. These four coal beds are among the principal mineable coals of the Illinois Basin and belong to the Carbondale and Shelburn Formations of late Middle Pennsylvanian age. Vegetational composition was analyzed quantitatively. Coal-ball samples from the Springfield, Herrin, and Baker are dominated by the lycopsid tree Lepidophloios, with lesser numbers of Psaronius tree ferns, medullosan pteridosperms, and the lycopsid trees Synchysidendron and Diaphorodendron. This vegetation is similar to that found in the Springfield and Herrin coals elsewhere in the Illinois Basin, as reported in previous studies. The Danville coal sample, which is considerably smaller than the others, is dominated by Psaronius with the lycopsids Sigillaria and Synchysidendron as subdominants. Coal balls from the Springfield coal were collected in zones directly from the coal bed and their zone-by-zone composition indicates three to four distinct plant assemblages. The other coals were analyzed as whole-seam random samples, averaging the landscape composition of the parent mire environments. This analysis indicates that these coals, separated from each other by marine and terrestrial-clastic deposits, have essentially the same floristic composition and, thus, appear to represent a common species pool that persisted throughout the late Middle Pennsylvanian, despite changes in baselevel and climate attendant the glacial interglacial cyclicity of the Pennsylvanian ice age. Patterns of species abundance and diversity are much the same for the Springfield, Herrin, and Baker, although each coal, both in the local area sampled, and regionally, has its own paleobotanical peculiarities. Despite minor differences, these coals indicate a high degree of recurrence of assemblage and landscape organization. The Danville departs dramatically from the dominance-diversity composition of the older coals, presaging patterns of tree-fern and Sigillaria dominance of Late Pennsylvanian coals of the eastern United States, but, nonetheless, built on a species pool shared with the older coals. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0166-5162(02)00113-1","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"DiMichele, W.A., Phillips, T., and Nelson, W.J., 2002, Place vs. time and vegetational persistence: A comparison of four tropical mires from the Illinois Basin during the height of the Pennsylvanian Ice Age: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 50, no. 1-4, p. 43-72, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(02)00113-1.","startPage":"43","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207718,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(02)00113-1"},{"id":232889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b89e4b0c8380cd794c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DiMichele, William A.","contributorId":97631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiMichele","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, T.L.","contributorId":43517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, W. John","contributorId":25217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024757,"text":"70024757 - 2002 - Historical and projected carbon balance of mature black spruce ecosystems across north america: The role of carbon-nitrogen interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:07","indexId":"70024757","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Historical and projected carbon balance of mature black spruce ecosystems across north america: The role of carbon-nitrogen interactions","docAbstract":"The role of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) interactions on sequestration of atmospheric CO2 in black spruce ecosystems across North America was evaluated with the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) by applying parameterizations of the model in which C-N dynamics were either coupled or uncoupled. First, the performance of the parameterizations, which were developed for the dynamics of black spruce ecosystems at the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research site in Alaska, were evaluated by simulating C dynamics at eddy correlation tower sites in the Boreal Ecosystem Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) for black spruce ecosystems in the northern study area (northern site) and the southern study area (southern site) with local climate data. We compared simulated monthly growing season (May to September) estimates of gross primary production (GPP), total ecosystem respiration (RESP), and net ecosystem production (NEP) from 1994 to 1997 to available field-based estimates at both sites. At the northern site, monthly growing season estimates of GPP and RESP for the coupled and uncoupled simulations were highly correlated with the field-based estimates (coupled: R2= 0.77, 0.88 for GPP and RESP; uncoupled: R2 = 0.67, 0.92 for GPP and RESP). Although the simulated seasonal pattern of NEP generally matched the field-based data, the correlations between field-based and simulated monthly growing season NEP were lower (R2 = 0.40, 0.00 for coupled and uncoupled simulations, respectively) in comparison to the correlations between field-based and simulated GPP and RESP. The annual NEP simulated by the coupled parameterization fell within the uncertainty of field-based estimates in two of three years. On the other hand, annual NEP simulated by the uncoupled parameterization only fell within the field-based uncertainty in one of three years. At the southern site, simulated NEP generally matched field-based NEP estimates, and the correlation between monthly growing season field-based and simulated NEP (R2 = 0.36, 0.20 for coupled and uncoupled simulations, respectively) was similar to the correlations at the northern site. To evaluate the role of N dynamics in C balance of black spruce ecosystems across North America, we simulated historical and projected C dynamics from 1900 to 2100 with a global-based climatology at 0.5?? resolution (latitude ?? longitude) with both the coupled and uncoupled parameterizations of TEM. From analyses at the northern site, several consistent patterns emerge. There was greater inter-annual variability in net primary production (NPP) simulated by the uncoupled parameterization as compared to the coupled parameterization, which led to substantial differences in inter-annual variability in NEP between the parameterizations. The divergence between NPP and heterotrophic respiration was greater in the uncoupled simulation, resulting in more C sequestration during the projected period. These responses were the result of fundamentally different responses of the coupled and uncoupled parameterizations to changes in CO2 and climate. Across North American black spruce ecosystems, the range of simulated decadal changes in C storage was substantially greater for the uncoupled parameterization than for the coupled parameterization. Analysis of the spatial variability in decadal responses of C dynamics revealed that C fluxes simulated by the coupled and uncoupled parameterizations have different sensitivities to climate and that the climate sensitivities of the fluxes change over the temporal scope of the simulations. The results of this study suggest that uncertainties can be reduced through (1) factorial studies focused on elucidating the role of C and N interactions in the response of mature black spruce ecosystems to manipulations of atmospheric CO2 and climate, (2) establishment of a network of continuous, long-term measurements of C dynamics across the range of mature black spruce ecosystems in North America, and (3) ancillary measureme","largerWorkTitle":"Plant and Soil","language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1019673420225","issn":"0032079X","usgsCitation":"Clein, J.S., McGuire, A., Zhang, X., Kicklighter, D., Melillo, J.M., Wofsy, S., Jarvis, P., and Massheder, J., 2002, Historical and projected carbon balance of mature black spruce ecosystems across north america: The role of carbon-nitrogen interactions, in Plant and Soil, v. 242, no. 1, p. 15-32, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019673420225.","startPage":"15","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207933,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019673420225"},{"id":233244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"242","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a317de4b0c8380cd5df88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clein, Joy S.","contributorId":83697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clein","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, X.","contributorId":30193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kicklighter, D. W.","contributorId":31537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":402520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melillo, J. M.","contributorId":73139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wofsy, S.C.","contributorId":44699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wofsy","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jarvis, P.G.","contributorId":41189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarvis","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Massheder, J.M.","contributorId":18545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massheder","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70024025,"text":"70024025 - 2002 - The identification of parasites in fish tissue sections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-26T15:53:02","indexId":"70024025","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1123,"text":"Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The identification of parasites in fish tissue sections","docAbstract":"The identification of parasites in tissue sections is often difficult and fresh specimens are always required for accurate taxonomical classification. However, histological sections are in many cases the only material available and the identification of parasites in sections the subject of the recent histopathology workshop held in Dublin. The group reviewed the characteristics of representative protozoan and metazoan parasites in sections and identified key features to aid identification. A CD from the workshop will be compiled as a reference source.
","language":"English","issn":"01080288","usgsCitation":"Nowak, B., Elliott, D., and Bruno, D., 2002, The identification of parasites in fish tissue sections: Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, v. 22, no. 2, p. 173-177.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"177","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":320570,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://eafp.org/bulletin-archive/"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacd9e4b08c986b3237aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowak, B.","contributorId":84948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, D.G.","contributorId":58226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bruno, D.W.","contributorId":44319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruno","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024625,"text":"70024625 - 2002 - Thallium isotope variations in seawater and hydrogenetic, diagenetic, and hydrothermal ferromanganese deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:14","indexId":"70024625","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thallium isotope variations in seawater and hydrogenetic, diagenetic, and hydrothermal ferromanganese deposits","docAbstract":"Results are presented for the first in-depth investigation of TI isotope variations in marine materials. The TI isotopic measurements were conducted by multiple collector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for a comprehensive suite of hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts, diagenetic Fe-Mn nodules, hydrothermal manganese deposits and seawater samples. The natural variability of TI isotope compositions in these samples exceeds the analytical reproducibility (?? 0.05???) by more than a factor of 40. Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts have ??205TI of + 10 to + 14, whereas seawater is characterized by values as low as -8 (??205TI represents the deviation of the 205TI/203TI ratio of a sample from the NIST SRM 997 TI isotope standard in parts per 104). This ~ 2??? difference in isotope composition is thought to result from the isotope fractionation that accompanies the adsorption of TI onto ferromanganese particles. An equilibrium fractionation factor of ?? ~ 1.0021 is calculated for this process. Ferromanganese nodules and hydrothermal manganese deposits have variable TI isotope compositions that range between the values obtained for seawater and hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts. The variability in ??205TI in diagenetic nodules appears to be caused by the adsorption of TI from pore fluids, which act as a closed-system reservoir with a TI isotope composition that is inferred to be similar to seawater. Nodules with ??205TI values similar to seawater are found if the scavenging of TI is nearly quantitative. Hydrothermal manganese deposits display a positive correlation between ??205TI and Mn/Fe. This trend is thought to be due to the derivation of TI from distinct hydrothermal sources. Deposits with low Mn/Fe ratios and low ??205TI are produced by the adsorption of TI from fluids that are sampled close to hydrothermal sources. Such fluids have low Mn/Fe ratios and relatively high temperatures, such that only minor isotope fractionation occurs during adsorption. Hydrothermal manganese deposits with high Mn/Fe and high ??205Ti are generated by scavenging of TI from colder, more distal hydrothermal fluids. Under such conditions, adsorption is associated with significant isotope fractionation, and this produces deposits with higher ??205TI values coupled with high Mn/Fe. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00462-4","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Rehkamper, M., Frank, M., Hein, J., Porcelli, D., Halliday, A., Ingri, J., and Liebetrau, V., 2002, Thallium isotope variations in seawater and hydrogenetic, diagenetic, and hydrothermal ferromanganese deposits: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 197, no. 1-2, p. 65-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00462-4.","startPage":"65","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207715,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00462-4"},{"id":232881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"197","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba609e4b08c986b320e46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rehkamper, M.","contributorId":21731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rehkamper","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, M.","contributorId":103396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Porcelli, D.","contributorId":35912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcelli","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Halliday, A.","contributorId":30779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halliday","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ingri, J.","contributorId":15794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingri","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liebetrau, V.","contributorId":72980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liebetrau","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}