{"pageNumber":"298","pageRowStart":"7425","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":33152,"text":"b2122 - 1995 - Age and diagenesis of the upper Floridan Aquifer and the intermediate aquifer system in southwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T07:00:43","indexId":"b2122","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2122","title":"Age and diagenesis of the upper Floridan Aquifer and the intermediate aquifer system in southwestern Florida","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2122","usgsCitation":"McCartan, L., Weedman, S., Wingard, G., Edwards, L.E., Sugarman, P.J., Feigenson, M., Buursink, M., and Libarkin, J., 1995, Age and diagenesis of the upper Floridan Aquifer and the intermediate aquifer system in southwestern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2122, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2122.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2122/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60970,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Southwestern Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.90283203125,\n              25.005972656239187\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.79345703125,\n              25.005972656239187\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.79345703125,\n              27.780771643348196\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.90283203125,\n              27.780771643348196\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.90283203125,\n              25.005972656239187\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689c01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCartan, Lucy","contributorId":87960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCartan","given":"Lucy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weedman, S.D.","contributorId":23961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weedman","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wingard, G.L.","contributorId":79981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":210074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sugarman, P. J.","contributorId":81154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sugarman","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Feigenson, M.D.","contributorId":65641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feigenson","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Buursink, M. L. 0000-0001-6491-386X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-386X","contributorId":73658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buursink","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Libarkin, J.C.","contributorId":87973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Libarkin","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":5514,"text":"fs14095 - 1995 - National Water-Quality Assessment Program; summary of pesticide data collected on East Fork Double Bayou, near Anahuac, Texas, March to September 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T16:43:43","indexId":"fs14095","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"140-95","title":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program; summary of pesticide data collected on East Fork Double Bayou, near Anahuac, Texas, March to September 1994","docAbstract":"<p>The Trinity River Basin study-unit assessment began in October 1991, with 2 years dedicated to planning, analyzing existing information, and designing data-collection networks, surveys, and studies. Then, a 3-year intensive data-collection program was initiated. The assessment followed guidelines provided by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program National Synthesis team and considered suggestions made by the study unit's liaison committee. One of the issues selected for study concerned the quality of runoff in the coastal prairie. The study includes collecting streamflow, water-quality and watershed data on three streams, each representing watersheds in different parts of the coastal prairie. This fact sheet presents a summary of the pesticide data collected on East Fork Double Bayou from March to September 1994.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs14095","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, National Water-Quality Assessment Program; summary of pesticide data collected on East Fork Double Bayou, near Anahuac, Texas, March to September 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 140-95, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14095.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0140/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32082,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0140/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.14 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"East Fork Double Bayou watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.4,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.4,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -94,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -94,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.4,\n              29\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6984d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":22025,"text":"ofr95628 - 1995 - Preliminary analysis of down-core biotic assemblages Bob Allen Keys, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T17:27:15.453538","indexId":"ofr95628","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-31T22:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-628","displayTitle":"Preliminary Analysis of Down-Core Biotic Assemblages Bob Allen Keys, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay","title":"Preliminary analysis of down-core biotic assemblages Bob Allen Keys, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>A series of short piston cores (&lt; 2m) were taken from eleven stations in Florida Bay in May, 1994 by researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey (St. Petersburg, FL., Woods Hole, MA., and Denver CO.) in cooperation with South Florida Water Management District, and the Everglades National Park, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Core 6A from Bob Allen Keys (25° 1.391” N, 80°39.41” W) penetrated 172 cm of Holocene sediments in 0.6 m of water on a grass covered mud bank, approximately 1.75 miles (2.82 km) east of the water monitoring station on the southern end of the Bob Allen Keys. Core 6A was sampled for particle size, insoluble residue, water content, loss on ignition, Pb<sup>210</sup>, Rasup&gt;222, and paleontologic analyses. Here we present the results of the preliminary paleontologic analyses of the biotic components from core #6A.</p><p>The Everglades/Florida Bay ecosystem has formed over the last 5000 years at the southern tip of peninsular Florida. Here it has been influenced by Atlantic, Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico waters, and by tropical and subtropical climatic regimes. This location ensures that over time the ecosystem has undergone climatic changes on both a seasonal and long term basis, and that it has been subjected to many major storms. Additionally, in the last century, the hydrologic regime of the region has been altered profoundly through construction of a canal system to control flooding in southern Florida. This system regulates the timing and amount of freshwater flow into Florida Bay. Recently, algal blooms, seagrass, and sponge die-offs, and declining numbers of shellfish, have been reported in Florida Bay; although it has been assumed that these changes have resulted from human alteration of freshwater flow into the bay, this assumption has not been rigorously tested.</p><p>The research described here is part of a project designed to examine the history of the Everglades/Florida Bay ecosystem over the last 150 years and to test assumptions of cause and effect. The purpose of the project is two-fold; first, to determine the characteristics of the ecosystem prior to significant human-induced alteration, including the natural range of variation in the ecosystem. This information will establish a baseline for restoration of the system. Second, the project aims to establish the extent, range, and timing of changes to the ecosystem over the last 150 years, and to determine whether these changes correlate with human alteration of the environment, or meteorological patterns, such as precipitation and major storms, or a combination of factors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr95628","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Brewster-Wingard, G., Ishman, S., Cronin, T.M., Edwards, L.E., Willard, D.A., and Halley, R.B., 1995, Preliminary analysis of down-core biotic assemblages Bob Allen Keys, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-628, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95628.","productDescription":"35 p.","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362632,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0628/ofr1995628.pdf","text":"Report","size":"257 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1995-628"},{"id":152970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0628/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.5390625,\n              30.939924331023445\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.51708984375,\n              30.334953881988564\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.8251953125,\n              29.99300228455108\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.17724609375,\n              29.075375179558346\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.1884765625,\n              28.34306490482549\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.4853515625,\n              26.05678288577881\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.57373046875,\n              24.627044746156027\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.7607421875,\n              26.41155054662258\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.04638671875,\n              27.89734922968426\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.9912109375,\n              30.031055426540206\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.40869140625,\n              30.713503990354965\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.82617187499999,\n              30.80791068136646\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.814453125,\n              30.789036751261136\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.990234375,\n              31.109388560814963\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5390625,\n              30.939924331023445\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Acknowledgements</li><li>Methods of Investigation</li><li>Faunal and Floral Analyses</li><li>Discussion</li><li>Summary</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67cc03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewster-Wingard, G. L.","contributorId":102508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewster-Wingard","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ishman, S. E.","contributorId":20346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishman","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942 dwillard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":2076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra","email":"dwillard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Halley, R. B.","contributorId":87941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70221640,"text":"70221640 - 1995 - Cretaceous and Paleogene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-25T21:25:12.55797","indexId":"70221640","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-31T16:14:52","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Cretaceous and Paleogene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of New Jersey","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to the paleontology of New Jersey","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Associaton of New Jersey","usgsCitation":"Self-Trail, J., and Bybell, L.M., 1995, Cretaceous and Paleogene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of New Jersey, chap. <i>of</i> Contributions to the paleontology of New Jersey, v. 12, p. 102-139.","productDescription":"38 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,{"id":70212533,"text":"70212533 - 1995 - Porphyry copper and other intrusion-related mineralization in Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-19T15:01:15.317664","indexId":"70212533","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-31T09:40:33","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Porphyry copper and other intrusion-related mineralization in Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Intrusion-related copper-bearing ore deposits in Mexico span a wide-range of deposit types and geological settings and formed from the mid-Mesozoic through the Holocene. These deposits include world-class copper porphyry and skarn deposits as well as a continuum of similar skarn, porphyry, vein, and replacement deposits that contain variable quantities of molybdenum, zinc, silver, lead, iron, gold, tungsten, tin, fluorine, and beryllium. Based on a new compilation, this paper reviews data on the full spectrum of intrusion-related deposits, concentrating on copper-rich systems, and attempts to place them in a generalized geological and petrological context. </p><p>In Mexico, intrusion-related mineral deposits are primarily Mesozoic to middle Tertiary in age. Three broad periods are prominent in the mineralization record: the late Mesozoic, the Laramide, and the middle Tertiary. Jurassic to Late Cretaceous calc-alkalic batholiths with sparse volcanic rocks occur along the Pacific margin mainly on eugeoclinal crust, although locally on continental crust (for example, in Sonora). Latest Cretaceous to Early Tertiary ('Laramide') calc-alkalic batholithic, subvolcanic, and volcanic centers occur in an overlapping but somewhat more easterly band that extends with diminished intensity and somewhat younger ages into the Sierra Madre Oriental. Mid-Tertiary volcanism and local intrusive centers are widely developed, with the greatest abundance of calcalkalic felsic volcanics in the Sierra Madre Occidental and more mafic middle to late Tertiary arc volcanics in the Sierra Madre del Sur in southern Mexico and as a fringe of alkalic volcanic' and sub volcanic centers in northeastern Mexico. </p><p>Over 600 copper-rich intrusion-related systems can be inferred from the literature; about 100 can be documented with some confidence. Copper-rich deposits occur with both intermediate (dioritic) and felsic (granodioritic) intrusive centers and show a corresponding variety of associated metals and alteration types. Styles include porphyry-type disseminated or stockwork mineralization, skarn, breccia pipes, and pegmatites. Multiple styles commonly occur in the same district. Porphyry copper deposits are best developed in association with the Laramide intrusive centers of northern Mexico and the mid-Tertiary intrusions in southern Mexico. Other intrusion-related deposit types occur within the same magmatic framework, but they have different temporal and spatial correlations related to their igneous composition and exposure level. </p><p>The continuum of intrusion-related mineralization in Mexico can be divided by geological associations, metal contents, and styles of alteration. Although more than 1,500 intrusion-associated mineral deposits are known, the scarcity of data requires a simplified approach focusing on major districts. We distinguish the following overlapping groups of deposits based on their metal contents and igneous compositions: (1) porphyry or skarn Cu(-Mo-Zn) associated with intermediate to felsic granitoids, (2) porphyry or skarn Cu (-Au-Fe) associated with intermediate intrusions, (3) greisen, skarn, or pegmatite W(-Mo) associated with intermediate to felsic granitoids, (4) replacement or skarn Zn-Pb-Ag(-Cu-F) deposits associated with felsic intrusions, (5) volcanic-hosted vein Ag-Au(-Zn-F-Sn) deposits associated with hypabyssal felsic intrusions, (6) vein ± replacement Ag-Au(-Cu-Zn-Pb) deposits associated with intermediate stocks, (7) volcanichosted Au-Ag(-Cu) systems, (8) rhyolite-related F(-Sn-Be) deposits, (9) diorite-related Fe(-Au-Cu) skarns, and (9) rhyolite-related Fe deposits. </p><p>Some inferences can be drawn from examination of these patterns: </p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\" data-mce-style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">• Igneous compositions vary in time and space in Mexico, but multiple compositions commonly were emplaced at different times in the same region. Temporal variations (as in Sonora) are as important as differences in province (as between Sonora and southern Mexico). </p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\" data-mce-style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">• Alteration and metal differences between alkaline and sub alkaline, felsic and mafic magma suites can be partly rationalized from equilibria among igneous minerals (for example, in terms of <i>a</i>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> vs <i>a</i>CaO [vs <i>a</i>SiO<sub>2</sub> ]), fluid chloride and sulfur contents, and magmatic metal contents which reflect province and process. </p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\" data-mce-style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">• Exposure and preservation filter observed Mexican metallogeny. Erosion of the Mesozoic arc superstructure in the west leaves mainly tungsten-skarns, burial of the Laramide arc in central Mexico interrupts porphyry copper patterns, and minimal exhumation of mid-Tertiary intrusive centers preserves distal vein or replacement systems. </p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\" data-mce-style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">• The superimposed metallogenic patterns in Mexico have parallels with metallogenic patterns in the western United States in terms of the effects of preservation, process, and province. Future work should focus on increasing the basic geological data on mineral deposits and igneous rocks. Geochronology, petrology, and geochemistry would help better define the temporal, spatial, and compositional interrelationships between tectonism, magmatism, and mineralization.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Porphyry copper deposits of the American Cordillera","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Arizona Geological Society","usgsCitation":"Barton, M.D., Staude, J.G., Zurcher, L., and Megaw, P.K., 1995, Porphyry copper and other intrusion-related mineralization in Mexico, chap. <i>of</i> Porphyry copper deposits of the American Cordillera, p. 487-524.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"487","endPage":"524","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":377649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-97.14001,25.87],[-97.52807,24.99214],[-97.70295,24.27234],[-97.77604,22.93258],[-97.87237,22.44421],[-97.69904,21.89869],[-97.38896,21.41102],[-97.18933,20.63543],[-96.52558,19.89093],[-96.29213,19.32037],[-95.90088,18.82802],[-94.83906,18.56272],[-94.42573,18.14437],[-93.54865,18.42384],[-92.78611,18.52484],[-92.03735,18.70457],[-91.4079,18.87608],[-90.77187,19.28412],[-90.53359,19.86742],[-90.45148,20.70752],[-90.27862,20.99986],[-89.60132,21.26173],[-88.54387,21.49368],[-87.65842,21.45885],[-87.05189,21.54354],[-86.81198,21.33151],[-86.84591,20.84986],[-87.38329,20.2554],[-87.62105,19.64655],[-87.43675,19.4724],[-87.58656,19.04013],[-87.83719,18.25982],[-88.09066,18.51665],[-88.30003,18.49998],[-88.49012,18.48683],[-88.84834,17.8832],[-89.02986,18.00151],[-89.15091,17.95547],[-89.14308,17.80832],[-90.06793,17.81933],[-91.00152,17.81759],[-91.00227,17.25466],[-91.45392,17.25218],[-91.08167,16.91848],[-90.71182,16.68748],[-90.60085,16.47078],[-90.43887,16.41011],[-90.46447,16.06956],[-91.74796,16.06656],[-92.22925,15.25145],[-92.08722,15.06458],[-92.20323,14.8301],[-92.22775,14.53883],[-93.35946,15.61543],[-93.87517,15.94016],[-94.69166,16.20098],[-95.25023,16.12832],[-96.05338,15.75209],[-96.55743,15.65352],[-97.26359,15.91706],[-98.01303,16.10731],[-98.94768,16.56604],[-99.6974,16.70616],[-100.8295,17.17107],[-101.66609,17.64903],[-101.91853,17.91609],[-102.47813,17.97575],[-103.50099,18.29229],[-103.91753,18.74857],[-104.99201,19.31613],[-105.49304,19.94677],[-105.7314,20.4341],[-105.39777,20.53172],[-105.50066,20.8169],[-105.27075,21.07628],[-105.26582,21.4221],[-105.60316,21.87115],[-105.69341,22.26908],[-106.02872,22.77375],[-106.90998,23.76777],[-107.91545,24.54892],[-108.4019,25.17231],[-109.2602,25.58061],[-109.44409,25.82488],[-109.29164,26.44293],[-109.80146,26.67618],[-110.39173,27.16211],[-110.64102,27.85988],[-111.17892,27.94124],[-111.75961,28.46795],[-112.22823,28.95441],[-112.27182,29.26684],[-112.80959,30.02111],[-113.16381,30.78688],[-113.14867,31.17097],[-113.87188,31.56761],[-114.20574,31.52405],[-114.77645,31.79953],[-114.9367,31.39348],[-114.77123,30.91362],[-114.6739,30.16268],[-114.33097,29.75043],[-113.58888,29.06161],[-113.42405,28.82617],[-113.27197,28.75478],[-113.14004,28.41129],[-112.9623,28.42519],[-112.76159,27.78022],[-112.45791,27.52581],[-112.24495,27.17173],[-111.61649,26.66282],[-111.28467,25.73259],[-110.98782,25.29461],[-110.71001,24.826],[-110.65505,24.29859],[-110.17286,24.26555],[-109.77185,23.81118],[-109.4091,23.36467],[-109.43339,23.18559],[-109.85422,22.81827],[-110.03139,22.82308],[-110.29507,23.43097],[-110.9495,24.00096],[-111.67057,24.48442],[-112.18204,24.73841],[-112.14899,25.47013],[-112.30071,26.012],[-112.7773,26.32196],[-113.46467,26.76819],[-113.59673,26.63946],[-113.84894,26.90006],[-114.46575,27.14209],[-115.05514,27.72273],[-114.98225,27.7982],[-114.57037,27.74149],[-114.19933,28.115],[-114.16202,28.56611],[-114.93184,29.27948],[-115.51865,29.55636],[-115.88737,30.18079],[-116.25835,30.83646],[-116.72153,31.63574],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-114.815,32.52528],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-109.035,31.34194],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-108.24,31.75485],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-103.94,29.27],[-103.11,28.97],[-102.48,29.76],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.11,28.11],[-99.52,27.54],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.02,26.37],[-98.24,26.06],[-97.53,25.84],[-97.14001,25.87]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mexico\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barton, Mark D.","contributorId":6166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Staude, John-Mark G.","contributorId":190638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Staude","given":"John-Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zurcher, Lukas 0000-0001-5575-1192","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5575-1192","contributorId":238846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zurcher","given":"Lukas","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Megaw, Peter K. M.","contributorId":238847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Megaw","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"K. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70198238,"text":"70198238 - 1995 - Sources of the Early Cretaceous plutons in the Turtle and West Riverside Mountains, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-23T10:23:07","indexId":"70198238","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of the Early Cretaceous plutons in the Turtle and West Riverside Mountains, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ages and initial isotopic ratios of Early Cretaceous (˜100 Ma) plutons of the Cordilleran Interior in the southern Turtle and West Riverside mountains distinguish them from Late Cretaceous plutons in surrounding ranges in the eastern Mojave Desert. Furthermore, the studied plutons have isotopic and geochemical characteristics more similar to plutons of Cretaceous age in the coastal batholiths (Peninsular Ranges and Sierra Nevada) than to most Mesozoic plutons in the Cordilleran Interior. The studied plutons are calcic, in contrast to the mostly cak-alkaline Mesozoic plutons of the eastern Mojave Desert. Distinctive isotopic signatures of the granitoids include lower initial&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr of 0⋅705–0⋅710, δ</span><sup>18</sup><span>O of +6⋅3 to +7⋅7‰,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>208</sup><span>Pb/</span><sup>204</sup><span>Pb of 38⋅3–39⋅5, and higher ε</span><sub>Nd</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>of −3⋅86 to −9⋅60 than the Late Cretaceous plutons in the region. The distinctive characteristics of these Early Cretaceous plutons are probably both location and time specific and result from: (1) emplacement in a cold, untapped ‘Mojave-type’ Proterozoic upper crust, (2) a significant component of basaltic magmas partially melted from the asthenosphere or subcontinental lithosphere and (3) a magmatic component derived from Proterozoic, mafic, lower crust. They interacted less with their crustal hosts than did the later, more voluminous Late Cretaceous plutons.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic Press","doi":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.petrology.a037270","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.M., Wooden, J.L., Howard, K.A., Foster, D., and Tosdal, R., 1995, Sources of the Early Cretaceous plutons in the Turtle and West Riverside Mountains, California: Journal of Petrology, v. 36, no. 6, p. 1675-1700, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.petrology.a037270.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1675","endPage":"1700","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355879,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"36","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110e11e4b034bf6a810d57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, C. M.","contributorId":81181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foster, D.A.","contributorId":82865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tosdal, R. M.","contributorId":54982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tosdal","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70196438,"text":"70196438 - 1995 - Geometry of sandy deposits at the distal edge of the Mississippi Fan, Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-06T13:16:07","indexId":"70196438","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geometry of sandy deposits at the distal edge of the Mississippi Fan, Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sidescan sonar provides a map of the seafloor that has greatly improved the understanding of depositional processes on modern deep-sea fans (e.g. Mutti and Normark 1991). Here, we present a sidescan-sonar mosaic from the eastern Gulf of Mexico that images the distal reaches of a channel on the Mississippi Fan and the deposits associated with it (Fig. 41.1). This area is one of several deep-sea fan systems that had not previously been imaged by high-resolution sidescan systems. The mosaic highlights the complexity of the spatial relationships of channels and deposits at ends of channels on this large, modern, passive-margin deep-sea fan (Figs 41.2 and 41.3).</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"Atlas of Deep Water Environments","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/978-94-011-1234-5_42","usgsCitation":"Twichell, D., Schwab, W.C., and Kenyon, N.H., 1995, Geometry of sandy deposits at the distal edge of the Mississippi Fan, Gulf of Mexico, chap. <i>of</i> Atlas of Deep Water Environments, p. 282-286, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1234-5_42.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"282","endPage":"286","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi Fan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.68090820312499,\n              28.642389157900553\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.69287109375,\n              28.642389157900553\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.69287109375,\n              31.85889704445453\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.68090820312499,\n              31.85889704445453\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.68090820312499,\n              28.642389157900553\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff209be4b0da30c1bfd5ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twichell, D.C.","contributorId":84304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwab, W. C.","contributorId":78740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kenyon, Neil H.","contributorId":89535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenyon","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70175779,"text":"70175779 - 1995 - Estimates of self-supplied commercial ground-water use in rural east-central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T11:51:51","indexId":"70175779","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-29T10:45:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5184,"text":"Minnesota Ground Water Association Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimates of self-supplied commercial ground-water use in rural east-central Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Minnesota Ground Water Association","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","usgsCitation":"Trotta, L.C., 1995, Estimates of self-supplied commercial ground-water use in rural east-central Minnesota: Minnesota Ground Water Association Newsletter, v. 13, no. 4.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b82db5e4b03fd6b7da36a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trotta, L. C.","contributorId":63410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trotta","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":646339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70244154,"text":"70244154 - 1995 - Alteration of basalt hyaloclastite at the off-axis Sea Cliff hydrothermal field, Gorda Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T17:56:08.476547","indexId":"70244154","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-05T12:46:26","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alteration of basalt hyaloclastite at the off-axis Sea Cliff hydrothermal field, Gorda Ridge","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Sea Cliff hydrothermal field on the northern segment of the Gorda Ridge is situated along a rift-bounding normal fault about 2.6 km east of the neovolcanic zone and approximately 300 m above the spreading axis. The structural setting of this hydrothermal field differs from that of most other active seafloor hydrothermal sites investigated to date, which are typically situated in the neovolcanic zone. Mineralization occurs in basaltic talus covering a large normal-fault scarp. Hydrothermal crusts cover much of the seafloor in the area of the active hydrothermal field. These crusts form by extensive alteration of basaltic hyaloclastite in a zone of mixing between ascending hydrothermal fluid and entrained seawater. The initial stage of alteration is magnesian metasomatism of both crystalline basalt and basaltic glass, converting the rock to Mg-rich smectite and smectite/chlorite. Further alteration removes nearly all cations and ultimately leads to silicification. Preservation of basaltic texture in the silicified rocks provides evidence that even such sparingly soluble elements as A1 and Ti have been removed. Oxygen-isotopic ratios of the altered rocks constrain initial alteration to temperatures near 220°C, close to the maximum measured vent temperatures of 247°C. Silicification proceeded to much lower temperatures, and most amorphous silica deposition occurred at temperatures below 100°C. Sulfur-, strontium-, and lead-isotopic data all indicate a predominantly basaltic source, with important contributions from seawater but no significant contribution from sedimentary sources. Comparison with ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits shows that the structural setting, alteration sequence, and depositional environment are all similar and suggests that mineralization and replacement of basaltic breccia in the Sea Cliff hydrothermal field likely occur in the subsurface beneath a capping layer of silicified hyaloclastite.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(95)00111-2","usgsCitation":"Zierenberg, R., Schiffmant, P., Jonasson, I., Tosdal, R., Pickthorn, W., and McClain, J., 1995, Alteration of basalt hyaloclastite at the off-axis Sea Cliff hydrothermal field, Gorda Ridge: Chemical Geology, v. 126, no. 2, p. 77-99, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(95)00111-2.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"99","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":417747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Gorda Ridge, Pacific Ocean, Sea Cliff Hydrothermal Field","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -129.1611198637123,\n              44.10601529470716\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.1611198637123,\n              41.95996085229007\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.9208608753616,\n              41.95996085229007\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.9208608753616,\n              44.10601529470716\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.1611198637123,\n              44.10601529470716\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zierenberg, R.A.","contributorId":8998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zierenberg","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schiffmant, Peter","contributorId":51016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiffmant","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jonasson, I.","contributorId":25349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonasson","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tosdal, R. M.","contributorId":54982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tosdal","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pickthorn, W.","contributorId":85836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pickthorn","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McClain, J.","contributorId":306072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClain","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70207071,"text":"70207071 - 1995 - Strain accumulation across the central Nevada seismic zone, 1973–1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T13:06:29.539697","indexId":"70207071","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-05T11:08:36","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strain accumulation across the central Nevada seismic zone, 1973–1994","docAbstract":"<p><span>Five trilateration networks extending for 280 km along the central Nevada seismic zone (1915 Pleasant Valley,&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;= 7.3; 1954 Dixie Valley,&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;= 6.8; 1954 Stillwater,&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;= 6.8; 1954 Rainbow Mountain,&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;= 6.6; 1954 Fairview Peak,&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;= 7.1; and 1932 Cedar Mountain,&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;= 7.2) have been surveyed 6 times since 1973 to determine deformation along the zone. Within the precision of measurement the deformation appears uniform along the zone and is described by the principal strain rates 0.036±0.008 μstrain/yr N60°W±3° and −0.031±0.008 μstrain/yr N30°E±3°, extension reckoned positive. The observed strain rates are consistent with simple, right‐lateral, tensor shear at the rate of 0.033 μstrain/yr across a shear zone striking N15°W. This central Nevada shear zone appears to be the northward continuation of the eastern California shear zone. The orientation of the strike‐slip and normal‐slip ruptures within the central Nevada seismic zone are consistent with principal stress axes parallel to the measured principal strain rate axes. Space‐based geodetic measurements (very long baseline interferometry) indicate that the relative motion accommodated across the Basin and Range province west of Ely, Nevada, is about 9.1±1.5 mm/yr N16°W±8° (Dixon et al., 1995.) Notice that the right‐lateral shear zone postulated to explain deformation in the central Nevada seismic zone is properly oriented to accommodate that relative motion. However, a 135‐km effective width of the shear zone would be required to accommodate all of the 9.1 mm/yr relative motion at the strain rates observed in the Nevada seismic zone; only about 3 mm/yr of that relative motion is accommodated within the span of the trilateration networks.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/95JB01872","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., Lisowski, M., and Gross, W., 1995, Strain accumulation across the central Nevada seismic zone, 1973–1994: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 100, no. B10, p. 20257-20269, https://doi.org/10.1029/95JB01872.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"20257","endPage":"20269","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Central Nevada seismic zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.35546875000001,\n              36.96744946416934\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.66357421875,\n              36.96744946416934\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.66357421875,\n              41.31082388091818\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.35546875000001,\n              41.31082388091818\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.35546875000001,\n              36.96744946416934\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"B10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gross, W.K.","contributorId":12624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31738,"text":"ofr95162 - 1995 - Physical characteristics of stream subbasins in the upper Minnesota River basin, west-central Minnesota, northeastern South Dakota and southeastern North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-28T18:34:22.579497","indexId":"ofr95162","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-162","title":"Physical characteristics of stream subbasins in the upper Minnesota River basin, west-central Minnesota, northeastern South Dakota and southeastern North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Data that describe the physical characteristics of stream subbasins upstream from selected points on streams in the Upper Minnesota River Basin, located in west-central Minnesota, north-eastern South Dakota, and southeastern North Dakota, are presented in this report. The physical characteristics are the drainage area of the subbasin, the percentage area of the subbasin covered only by lakes, the percentage area of the subbasin covered by both laker and wetlands, the main-channel length, and the main-channel slope. The points on the stream include outlets of subbasins of at least 5 square miles, outlets of sewage treatment plants, and locations of U.S. Geological Survey low-flow, highflow, and continuous-record gaging stations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/ofr95162","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Minnesota Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Sanocki, C., 1995, Physical characteristics of stream subbasins in the upper Minnesota River basin, west-central Minnesota, northeastern South Dakota and southeastern North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-162, Report: 16 p.; 1 Plate: 40.74 x 44.66 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95162.","productDescription":"Report: 16 p.; 1 Plate: 40.74 x 44.66 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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,{"id":29453,"text":"wri944146 - 1995 - Relation of fracture orientation to linear terrain features, anisotropic transmissivity, and seepage to streams in the karst Prairie du Chien Group, southeastern Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T15:21:05.334549","indexId":"wri944146","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4146","title":"Relation of fracture orientation to linear terrain features, anisotropic transmissivity, and seepage to streams in the karst Prairie du Chien Group, southeastern Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Ground-water flow in the karst-terrane aquifers of southeastern Minnesota is not well defined. Variable fracture patterns in the bedrock affect permeability. Techniques to predict the effects of fracture patterns on ground-water flow in the karst-terrane aquifers of southeastern Minnesota are unavailable. The use of such techniques may be useful to officials responsible for the management and protection of ground water in these aquifers, which have a high susceptibility to contamination. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources, investigated fracture patterns, anisotropic transmissivity, and seepage to streams from the Prairie du Chien Group, which is the karst portion of the St. Peter-Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer, to improve the understanding of ground-water flow through karst-terrane aquifers in southeastern Minnesota.</p>\n<p>This report presents the results of testing hypotheses that (1) the major axes of linear terrain features correlate with the major axes of subsurface fractures in the Prairie du Chien Group, and that (2) the major axes of subsurface fractures in the Prairie du Chien Group correlate with seepage from the Prairie du Chien Group.</p>\n<p>The first hypothesis was tested by comparison of linear terrain features to fracture orientation measurements. Fracture orientations in 10 exposures of the Prairie du Chien Group at quarries, road cuts, and natural outcrops showed statistically significant directional trends at 8 of 10 sites. Directional trends of linear terrain features identified from 1:80,000 aerial photographs were significant in four of the ten 60-square mile areas that surround these sites. The fracture orientation measurements correlate with the local linear terrain features in 2 of the 10 sites.</p>\n<p>The second hypothesis was tested by analyzing the correlation between seepage rates into streams hydraulically connected to the Prairie du Chien Group and surrounding linear terrain features that were mapped in approximately 300 square mile areas. Data from Riceford Creek support this hypothesis; data from Crow Creek and Middle Fork of the Whitewater River and from Duschee Creek are inconclusive. This hypothesis could not be tested by the data from the Middle Fork of the Zumbro River, the South Branch of the Root River, and the South Branch of the Middle Fork of the Zumbro River because the surrounding linear terrain features lack directional trends.</p>\n<p>The transmissivity of the karst portion of the St. Peter-Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer is anisotropic at an aquifertest site in the study area. Results of the aquifer test indicate that the major axis of transmissivity is along a line N95&deg;E. The aquifer-test results indicate that the principal axis of joint fractures at the test site is slightly clockwise from an east-west line because this axis is assumed to correlate with the major axis of horizontal transmissivity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri944146","usgsCitation":"Ruhl, J.F., 1995, Relation of fracture orientation to linear terrain features, anisotropic transmissivity, and seepage to streams in the karst Prairie du Chien Group, southeastern Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4146, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944146.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58298,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4146/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":390819,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48029.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie du Chien Group","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.80975341796875,\n              44.276671273775186\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.900634765625,\n              44.270771508583536\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.88140869140625,\n              44.21764696919354\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.84844970703125,\n              44.188112606916484\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.8017578125,\n              44.156592967556605\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.75506591796875,\n              44.14476875978378\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.71112060546875,\n              44.13097085672744\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.6973876953125,\n              44.109281923355645\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.6644287109375,\n              44.08363928284644\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.62322998046875,\n              44.05995928349327\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5985107421875,\n              44.03232064275084\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.53533935546875,\n              44.02047156335411\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.47216796875,\n              44.01257086123087\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.42547607421875,\n              43.992814500489914\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.351318359375,\n              43.92559366355069\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.3238525390625,\n              43.89393401411192\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.27716064453125,\n              43.84839376489157\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.263427734375,\n              43.8028187190472\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.24420166015624,\n              43.77307711737606\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.263427734375,\n              43.72148995228582\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.27716064453125,\n              43.67581809328344\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.263427734375,\n              43.65594991256823\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.27166748046875,\n              43.620170616189924\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.241455078125,\n              43.58834891179792\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.2249755859375,\n              43.55850077671243\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.23870849609375,\n              43.54655738051152\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.219482421875,\n              43.520671902437606\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.219482421875,\n              43.49876012743523\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.8289794921875,\n              43.50274467820439\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.83447265624999,\n              44.276671273775186\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.80975341796875,\n              44.276671273775186\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db61206e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruhl, J. F.","contributorId":81866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":33584,"text":"b2135 - 1995 - Stratigraphic notes, 1994: Three short papers propose changes in stratigraphic nomenclature in Virginia, Kentucky, and Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-05T21:49:29.581341","indexId":"b2135","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2135","title":"Stratigraphic notes, 1994: Three short papers propose changes in stratigraphic nomenclature in Virginia, Kentucky, and Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2135","usgsCitation":"Epstein, J.B., Orndorff, R.C., Rader, E.K., Rice, C., Brew, D.A., Ford, A., Himmelberg, G.R., and Drinkwater, J.L., 1995, Stratigraphic notes, 1994: Three short papers propose changes in stratigraphic nomenclature in Virginia, Kentucky, and Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2135, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2135.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371300,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2135/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":163485,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2135/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":401800,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22416.htm","text":"Middle Pennsylvanian Arnett Member (new name) of the Breathitt Formation, eastern Kentucky","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482931,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22449.htm","text":"Middle Ordovician Stickley Run Member (new name) of the Martinsburg Formation, Shenandoah Valley, northern Virginia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482932,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93315.htm","text":"The Coast Mountains Complex of southeastern Alaska and adjacent regions","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, Kentucky, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -165.234375,\n              58.81374171570782\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.03125,\n              58.81374171570782\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.03125,\n              71.18775391813158\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.234375,\n              71.18775391813158\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.234375,\n              58.81374171570782\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.296875,\n              36.63316209558658\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.7177734375,\n              36.63316209558658\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.7177734375,\n              38.788345355085625\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.296875,\n              38.788345355085625\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.296875,\n              36.63316209558658\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aea5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Epstein, Jack B. jepstein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack","email":"jepstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rader, Eugene K.","contributorId":58228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rader","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rice, Charles L.","contributorId":61801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Charles L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brew, David A. dbrew@usgs.gov","contributorId":3244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"David","email":"dbrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ford, Arthur B.","contributorId":52578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"Arthur B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Himmelberg, Glen R.","contributorId":57921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelberg","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Drinkwater, James L.","contributorId":221666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drinkwater","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":23591,"text":"ofr95506 - 1995 - Structure of the basins and ranges, Southwest New Mexico, an interpretation of seismic velocity sections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T12:43:13","indexId":"ofr95506","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-506","title":"Structure of the basins and ranges, Southwest New Mexico, an interpretation of seismic velocity sections","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents a geologic appraisal of seismic velocity sections that profile a total of 790 km in southwest New Mexico west of Las Cruces and south of Lordsburg and Deming. The present work outlines the contribution of these velocity sections to estimating areas favorable for mineral resource occurrences. Seismic refraction surveys are carried out with the initial goal of estimating the subsurface distribution of acoustic compressional velocity (Vp), which may ultimately be interpreted to provide information on lithology, geologic structure, and the occurrence of natural resources. The seismic sections presented here show velocity detail having dimensions of 100's to 1000's of meters to a depth of about 2.5 km, and across a net of traverses that profile most basins well as several ranges in the study area.</p><p>Figure 1 shows the location of the seismic refraction lines. The lines are designated 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7; there is no line 6. The survey covers a broad swath of the southwest Basin and Range Province extending from the Arizona border eastward to the Rio Grande River, and from the Mexican border to about lat. 32° 30' N. Lines 1, 3, and 7 traverse the axis of basins in roughly northsouth directions; the remaining lines 2, 4, and 5 trend east-west and cross various ranges and basins.</p><p>Seismic data that have been collected in this region include deep-crustal refraction traverses by university scientists and commercial seismic reflection profiles acquired for petroleum exploration. Results of deep-crustal refraction studies are reviewed to provide a regional setting for the higher resolution refraction data. Results from seismic reflection will not be discussed. Industry reflection data in the area are not generally available for non-proprietary use. The nearest reflection data publicly available are in the Socorro area, about 80 km north of the present study area (Brown and others, 1980). These data were acquired by the Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling (COCORP), a public-supported research group, to investigate the possibility of magma beneath part of the Rio Grande valley.</p><p>Up to 1978 there were about 36 deep borings in the region of southwest New Mexico (Thompson and others, 1978). This drilling resulted mainly from an evaluation of petroleum potential of the Pedrogosa basin which is an extensive area of Paleozoic subsidence in Arizona, New Mexico, and Mexico that accumulated about three kilometers of Paleozoic sedimentary rock (Zeller, 1965; Thompson and others, 1978). Of these drill holes, 25 are close enough to the present seismic sections to provide correlations of velocity to lithology, and to provide an estimate of the errors associated with depth-to-interface interpretations. This information is summarized prior to considering the implications of the seismic sections in detail. The major portion of the report centers around two plates: Plate I shows seismic lines and selected drill hole locations superimposed on gravity contours, and Plate II shows velocitysections with drill hole summaries. These plates provide the foundation for developing inferences on buried lithologic, structural, and mineral resources for the region. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95506","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Klein, D.P., Abrams, G.A., and Hill, P.L., 1995, Structure of the basins and ranges, Southwest New Mexico, an interpretation of seismic velocity sections: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-506, Report: v, 60 p.; 2 Plates: 48.12 x 25.60 inches and 36.96 x 22.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95506.","productDescription":"Report: v, 60 p.; 2 Plates: 48.12 x 25.60 inches and 36.96 x 22.82 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":358946,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0506/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19476,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0506/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0506/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":358945,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0506/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.1,\n              31.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.4,\n              31.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.4,\n              32.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.1,\n              32.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.1,\n              31.3\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b09e4b07f02db69c178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Douglas P.","contributorId":50896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abrams, Gerda A.","contributorId":78706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"Gerda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, Patricia L. pathill@usgs.gov","contributorId":1327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Patricia","email":"pathill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":190372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29916,"text":"wri944239 - 1995 - Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the aquifer system near Calvert City, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri944239","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4239","title":"Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the aquifer system near Calvert City, Kentucky","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Kentucky Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Cabinet, constructed a two-dimensional, steady-state ground-water-flow model to estimate hydraulic properties, contributing areas to discharge boundaries, and the average linear velocity at selected locations in an aquifer system near Calvert City, Ky. Nonlinear regression was used to estimate values of model parameters and the reliability of the parameter estimates. The regression minimizes the weighted difference between observed and calculated hydraulic heads and rates of flow. The calibrated model generally was better than alternative models considered, and although adding transmissive faults in the bedrock produced a slightly better model, fault transmissivity was not estimated reliably. The average transmissivity of the aquifer was 20,000 feet squared per day. Recharge to two outcrop areas, the McNairy Formation of Cretaceous age and the alluvium of Quaternary age, were 0.00269 feet per day (11.8 inches per year) and 0.000484 feet per day (2.1 inches per year), respectively. Contributing areas to wells at the Calvert City Water Company in 1992 did not include the Calvert City Industrial Complex. Since completing the fieldwork for this study in 1992, the Calvert City Water Company discontinued use of their wells and began withdrawing water from new wells that were located 4.5 miles east-southeast of the previous location; the contributing area moved farther from the industrial complex. The extent of the alluvium contributing water to wells was limited by the overlying lacustrine deposits. The average linear ground-water velocity at the industrial complex ranged from 0.90 feet per day to 4.47 feet per day with a mean of 1.98 feet per day.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944239","usgsCitation":"Starn, J., Arihood, L.D., and Rose, M., 1995, Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow in the aquifer system near Calvert City, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4239, v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944239.","productDescription":"v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4239/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58733,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4239/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8c43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starn, J.J.","contributorId":69591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starn","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arihood, L. D. 0000-0001-5792-3699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3699","contributorId":74388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arihood","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rose, M.F.","contributorId":27893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28702,"text":"wri934158 - 1995 - Hydrogeology and simulated effects of ground-water withdrawals for citrus irrigation, Hardee and De Soto counties, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri934158","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4158","title":"Hydrogeology and simulated effects of ground-water withdrawals for citrus irrigation, Hardee and De Soto counties, Florida","docAbstract":"The hydrogeology of Hardee and De Soto Counties in west-central Florida was evaluated, and a ground-water flow model was developed to simulate the effects of expected increases in ground-water withdrawals for citrus irrigation on the potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system and the Upper Floridan aquifer. In 1988, total citrus acreage in Hardee and De Soto Counties was 89,041 acres. By the year 2020, citrus acreage is projected to increase to 130,000 acres.  Ground water is the major source of water supply in the study area, and 94 percent of the ground-water withdrawn in the area is used for irrigation purposes. The principal sources of ground water in the study area are the surficial aquifer, the intermediate aquifer system, and upper water-yielding units of the Floridan aquifer system, commonly referred to as the Upper Floridan aquifer. The surficial aquifer is a permeable hydrogeo1ogic unit contiguous with land surface that is comprised predominately of surficial quartz sand deposits that generally are less than 100 feet thick. The intermediate aquifer system is a somewhat less permeable hydrogeologic unit that lies between and retards the exchange of water between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying Upper Floridan aquifer. Thickness of the intermediate aquifer system ranges from about 200 to 500 feet and transmissivity ranges from 400 to 7,000 feet squared per day. The highly productive Upper Floridan aquifer consists of 1,200 to 1,400 feet of solution-riddled and fractured limestone and dolomite. Transmissivity values for this aquifer range from 71,000 to 850,000 feet squared per day. Wells open to the Upper Floridan aquifer. the major source of water in the area, can yield as much as 2,500 gallons of water per minute.  The potential effects of projected increases in water withdrawals for citrus irrigation on groundwater heads were evaluated by the use of a quasi-three-dimensional, finite-difference, ground-water flow model. The model was calibrated under steady-state conditions to simulate September 1988 heads and under transient conditions to simulate head fluctuations between September 1988 and September 1989. The calibrated model was then used to simulate hydraulic heads for the years 2000 and 2020 that might result from projected increases in pumpage for citrus irrigation.  The model simulation indicated that increased pumpage might be expected to result in:  A maximum decline of more than 10 feet in theintermediate aquifer system at a proposed grove in eastern De Soto County and an average decline of more than 2 feet in much of the study area.  An increase in downward leakage to the intermediate aquifer system from the overlying surficial aquifer system from 178 to 183 million gallons per day.  A decrease in upward leakage from the intermediate aquifer system to the surficial aquifer from 1.58 to 1.47 million gallons per day.  A maximum decline of about 5 feet in the Upper Floridan aquifer at a proposed grove in eastern De Soto County and a decline of more than 2 feet in much of the model area.  An increase in downward leakage to the Upper Floridan aquifer from the intermediate aquifer system from 180 to 183 million gallons per day.  A decrease in upward leakage from the Upper Floridan aquifer to the intermediate aquifer system from 4.32 million gallons per day in 1989 to 3.89 million gallons per day in the year 2,000. but an increase in upward leakage to 5.10 million gallons per day by the year 2020, reflecting a change in hydraulic gradient.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934158","usgsCitation":"Metz, P.A., 1995, Hydrogeology and simulated effects of ground-water withdrawals for citrus irrigation, Hardee and De Soto counties, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4158, vi, 83 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934158.","productDescription":"vi, 83 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4158/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57542,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4158/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691fa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metz, P. A.","contributorId":68706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28376,"text":"wri944204 - 1995 - Hydrogeology and ground-water flow of the drift and Platteville aquifer system, St. Louis Park, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T19:18:32.546241","indexId":"wri944204","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4204","title":"Hydrogeology and ground-water flow of the drift and Platteville aquifer system, St. Louis Park, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Three aquifers and two confining units have been delineated within the drift underlying the area near the site of a former coal-tar distillation and wood-preserving plant in St. Louis Park, Minnesota. The hydrogeologic units of the drift, in descending order, are the upper drift aquifer, the upper drift confining unit, the middle drift aquifer, the lower drift confining unit. and the lower drift aquifer. A contamination plume consisting of coal-tar derivatives exists in the drift aquifers and in the Platteville aquifer underlying the southern part of the plant site and areas to the south and east of the plant site.</p>\n<p>The upper drift aquifer has a maximum saturated thickness of about 25 feet. Horizontal hydraulic conductivities of the upper drift aquifer range from less than 1 to about 25 feet per day in peat areas and from about 50 to 400 feet per day in sand and gravel areas. The upper drift confining unit generally is less than 20 feet thick, with a maximum thickness of 62 feet. The saturated thickness of the middle drift aquifer generally is 20 to 30 feet in areas where the aquifer is both overlain and underlain by a confining unit. The horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the middle drift aquifer ranges from about 50 to 500 feet per day. The lower drift confining unit is as much as 50 feet thick. Model-computed vertical hydraulic conductivities for the upper and lower drift confining units ranged from 0.0002 to 5 feet per day. The lower drift aquifer consists of discontinuous sand and gravel deposits overlying Platteville Formation bedrock and has a maximum thickness of 20 feet where it is overlain by the lower drift confining unit.</p>\n<p>Water in the drift aquifers and in the Platteville aquifer generally flows from the northwest to the southeast under a hydraulic gradient of about 10 feet per mile. The drift confining units and the Glenwood confining unit. when present, control the vertical movement of water through the aquifers. Discontinuities in these confining units greatly influence patterns of ground-water flow.</p>\n<p>A numerical cross-sectional ground-water-flow model was used to test concepts of flow of ground water through the drift aquifers and the Platteville aquifer. particularly the effects of confining units and bedrock valleys on vertical flow. The model has eight layers representing, in descending order: ( 1) the upper drift aquifer. (2) the upper drift confining unit, (3) the middle drift aquifer, (4) the upper part of the lower drift confining unit, (5) the lower part of the lower drift confining unit and lower drift aquifer, (6) the Platteville aquifer and bedrock valley deposits, (7) the St. Peter aquifer, and (8) the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer. A sensitivity analysis indicated that model-calculated hydraulic heads in the drift aquifers and in the Platteville aquifer were most sensitive to variations in: (1) the horizontal hydraulic conductivities of the middle drift aquifer, (2) the transmissivities of the Platteville and St. Peter aquifers, (3) the vertical hydraulic conductivities of the lower drift confining unit and the drift material filling the bedrock valley, and (4) the vertical hydraulic conductivity of the basal St. Peter confining unit.</p>\n<p>The model-calculated water budget indicated that recharge from infiltration of precipitation to the upper and middle drift aquifers and the upper drift confining unit accounts for about 41 percent of the total sources of water. The remaining 59 percent is from subsurface inflow from the west (through specified-head cells). About 70 percent of the outflow from the eastern model boundary was simulated as discharge from the model layers representing the Platteville aquifer and bedrock valley deposits and the St. Peter aquifer. The calibrated simulation indicated that about 99 percent of the total leakage of water from the drift aquifers and from the Platteville aquifer to the underlying St. Peter aquifer occurs through areas where the Glenwood confining unit is absent or discontinuous.</p>\n<p>Hypothetical changes of the hydraulic properties and the extent of confining units were simulated using the calibrated steady-state model. Increasing the vertical hydraulic conductivity of model layer 4, representing the upper part of the lower drift confining unit, by a factor of 100 in the western part of the cross section resulted in decreased model-calculated leakage to the St. Peter aquifer through the bedrock valley represented in the eastern part of the cross-sectional model. A hypothetical extension of vertical hydraulic conductivities representing the Glenwood&nbsp;confining unit along the entire cross-sectional model resulted in a 98 percent reduction in the model-calculated amount of water leaking from the Platteville aquifer and bedrock valley deposits to the underlying St. Peter aquifer.</p>\n<p>Model simulations indicate that vertical ground-water flow from the drift aquifers and from the Platteville aquifer to underlying bedrock aquifers is greatest through bedrock valleys. The convergence of flow paths near bedrock valleys and the greater volume of water moving through the valleys would likely result in both increased concentrations and greater vertical movement of contaminants in areas underlain by bedrock valleys as compared to areas not underlain by bedrock valleys. Model results also indicate that field measurements of hydraulic head might not help locate discontinuities in confining units and additional test drilling to locate discontinuities might be necessary.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri944204","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lindgren, R.J., 1995, Hydrogeology and ground-water flow of the drift and Platteville aquifer system, St. Louis Park, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4204, vi, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944204.","productDescription":"vi, 79 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395393,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48074.htm"},{"id":57178,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4204/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4204/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"St. Louis Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.4,\n              44.9625\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4,\n              44.916667\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.308333,\n              44.916667\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.308333,\n              44.9625\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4,\n              44.9625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db545fda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindgren, R. J.","contributorId":70808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindgren","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001146,"text":"1001146 - 1995 - Climate response among growth increments of fish and trees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-20T16:54:20.348869","indexId":"1001146","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate response among growth increments of fish and trees","docAbstract":"<p><span>Significant correlations were found among the annual growth increments of stream fish, trees, and climate variables in the Ozark region of the United States. The variation in annual growth increments of rock bass (</span><i>Ambloplites rupestris</i><span>) from the Jacks Fork River was significantly correlated over 22 years with the ring width of four tree species: white oak (</span><i>Quercus alba</i><span>), post oak (</span><i>Quercus stellata</i><span>), shortleaf pine (</span><i>Pinus echinata</i><span>) and eastern red cedar (</span><i>Juniperus virginiana</i><span>). Rock bass growth and tree growth were both significantly correlated with July rainfall and stream discharge. Variations in annual growth of smallmouth bass (</span><i>Micropterus dolomieu</i><span>) from four streams were significantly correlated over 29 years (1939–1968) with mean May maximum air temperature but not with tree growth. The magnitude and significance of correlations among growth increments from fish and trees imply that conditions such as topography, stream gradient, organism age, and the distribution of a population relative to its geographic range can influence the climatic response of an organism. The timing and intensity of climatic variables may produce different responses among closely related species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/BF00328361","usgsCitation":"Guyette, R.P., and Rabeni, C.F., 1995, Climate response among growth increments of fish and trees: Oecologia, v. 104, no. 3, p. 272-279, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00328361.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"279","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133900,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Ozark region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.69689697692189,\n              38.44744532390001\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.69689697692189,\n              35.714906269677016\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60335957582157,\n              35.714906269677016\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60335957582157,\n              38.44744532390001\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.69689697692189,\n              38.44744532390001\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634457","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guyette, Richard P.","contributorId":176595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyette","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabeni, Charles F.","contributorId":34804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabeni","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28574,"text":"wri954006 - 1995 - Water-quality assessment of the upper Snake River Basin, Idaho and western Wyoming — Summary of aquatic biological data for surface water through 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-16T20:53:07.085002","indexId":"wri954006","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4006","title":"Water-quality assessment of the upper Snake River Basin, Idaho and western Wyoming — Summary of aquatic biological data for surface water through 1992","docAbstract":"The 35,800-square-mile upper Snake River Basin in eastern Idaho and western Wyoming was one of 20 areas selected for water-quality study under the National Water-Quality Assessment Program. As part of the initial phase of the study, data were compiled to describe the current (1992) and historical aquatic biological conditions of surface water in the basin. This description of natural and human environmental factors that affect aquatic life provides the framework for evaluating the status and trends of aquatic biological conditions in streams of the basins. Water resource development and stream alterations, irrigated agriculture, grazing, aquaculture, and species introductions have affected stream biota in the upper Snake River Basin. Cumulative effects of these activities have greatly altered cold-water habitat and aquatic life in the middle Snake River reach (Milner Dam to King Hill). Most of the aquatic Species of Special Concern in the basin , consisting of eight native mollusks and three native fish species, are in this reach of the Snake River. Selected long-term studies, including comprehensive monitoring on Rock Creek, have shown reduced pollutant loadings as a result of implementing practice on cropland; however, aquatic life remains affected by agricultural land use. Community level biological data are lacking for most of the streams in the basin, especially for large river. Aquatic life used to assess water quality of the basin includes primarily macroinvertebrate and fish communities. At least 26 different macroinvertebrate and fish community metrics have been utilized to assess water quality of the basin. Eight species of macroinvertebrates and fish are recognized as Species of Special Concern. The native fish faunas of the basin are composed primarily of cold-water species representing 5 families and 26 species. An additional 13 fish species have been introduced to the basin. Concentrations of synthetic organic compounds and trace-element contaminants in whole fish collected in the basin during 1970-90 generally did not exceed National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering concentration guidelines or the 1980-81 geometric mean concentrations from samples collected as part of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program. Currently, there are no State fish consumption advisories on any streams in the basin, The organochlorine compounds DDT and PCB's were the most frequently detected fish tissue contaminant. Selected long-term data on DDT, its metabolites, and PCB's indicate decreasing concentrations of these compounds. Arsenic, mercury, and selenium were slightly elevated compared with nationwide baseline concentrations and may indicate bioaccumularion in the food chain. Concentrations of most other trace elements in fish tissue were below levels of concerns for the protection of humans and wildlife.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954006","usgsCitation":"Maret, T.R., 1995, Water-quality assessment of the upper Snake River Basin, Idaho and western Wyoming — Summary of aquatic biological data for surface water through 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4006, vii, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954006.","productDescription":"vii, 59 p.","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393018,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48129.htm"},{"id":57400,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4006/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4006/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.0833,\n              41.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -110,\n              41.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -110,\n              44.5833\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.0833,\n              44.5833\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.0833,\n              41.6667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e695b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maret, Terry R. trmaret@usgs.gov","contributorId":953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maret","given":"Terry","email":"trmaret@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25913,"text":"wri944061 - 1995 - Water-quality assessment of the Rio Grande Valley study unit, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas -- Analysis of selected nutrient, suspended-sediment, and pesticide data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-15T22:59:56.517691","indexId":"wri944061","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4061","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Rio Grande Valley study unit, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas -- Analysis of selected nutrient, suspended-sediment, and pesticide data","docAbstract":"<p>This report contains a summary of data compiled from sources throughout the Rio Grande Valley study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment program. Information presented includes the sources and types of water-quality data available, the utility of water-quality data for statistical analysis, and a description of recent water-quality conditions and trends and their relation to natural and human factors. Water-quality data are limited to concentrations of selected nutrient species in surface water and ground water, concentrations of suspended sediment and suspended solids in surface water, and pesticides in surface water, ground water, and biota.</p><p>The Rio Grande Valley study unit includes about 45,900 square miles in Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas upstream from the streamflow-monitoring station Rio Grande at El Paso, Texas. The area also includes the San Luis Closed Basin and the surface-water closed basins east of the Continental Divide and north of the United States-Mexico international border. The Rio Grande drains about 29,300 square miles in these States; the remainder of the study unit area is in closed basins. </p><p>Concentrations of all nutrients found in surface-water samples collected from the Rio Grande, with the exception of phosphorus, generally remained nearly constant from the northernmost station in the study unit to Rio Grande near Isleta, where concentrations were larger by an order of magnitude. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads increased downstream between Lobatos, Colorado, and Albuquerque, New Mexico. Nutrient concentrations remained elevated with slight variations until downstream from Elephant Butte Reservoir, where nutrient concentrations were lower. Nutrient concentrations then increased downstream from the reservoir, as evidenced by elevated concentrations at Rio Grande at El Paso, Texas.</p><p>Suspended-sediment concentrations were similar at stations upstream from Otowi Bridge near San Ildefonso, New Mexico. The concentration and estimated load were nearly two orders of magnitude larger at this station relative to upstream stations. Cochiti Lake allows suspended sediment to settle, thus the resulting concentration is substantially lower downstream from the reservoir. Downstream from Cochiti Lake, concentrations again increased due to inflow from tributaries, other ephemeral streams and arroyos, and agricultural and urban areas. Two ephemeral tributaries (Rio Puerco and Rio Salado, which are south of Albuquerque) contribute substantial amounts of suspended sediment to the Rio Grande. Suspended-sediment concentrations in the Rio Grande just downstream from Elephant Butte Dam decreased by nearly three orders of magnitude due to settling in the reservoir. Concentrations then increased due to agricultural and urban impacts downstream from the reservoir.</p><p>Nutrients in ground water in the study unit do not appear to be a widespread problem. However, localized areas that have elevated nitrate concentrations have been documented. The largest median nitrate concentration was found in water from wells located in the Basin and Range-mountains-urban data stratum (3.0 milligrams per liter) and the smallest median nitrate concentration was found in water from wells located in the Southern Rocky Mountainsmountains-forest data stratum (0.08 milligram per liter). Few (3 percent) nitrate concentrations in water from wells in all data strata were greater than 10 milligrams per liter, and most (82 percent) were less than 2 milligrams per liter. Comparison of nitrate concentrations in water from wells located in specific land-use settings across all hydrogeologic settings, with the exception of the Colorado Plateau, indicated that the largest median nitrate concentration was associated with rangeland land use and that larger nitrate concentrations were found in water from shallow wells. Water from wells located in areas of rangeland land use consistently had larger median nutrient concentrations than water from wells in areas of other land uses. </p><p>The largest median ammonia concentration was in water from wells located in the Colorado Plateau-San Juan Basin-rangeland data stratum (0.27 milligram per liter). Most median ammonia concentrations were less than 0.03 milligram per liter, indicating that elevated ammonia concentrations are not a major issue in the study unit.</p><p>The largest median orthophosphate concentration was found in water from wells located in the Southern Rocky Mountains-mountains-forest data stratum (0.15 milligram per liter) and the smallest was found in water from wells located in the Basin and Range-mountains-urban data stratum (0.02 milligram per liter). Most orthophosphate concentrations (85 percent) sampled were less than 0.2 milligram per liter, indicating that elevated orthophosphate concentrations are not a major issue in the study unit.</p><p>Pesticide analyses were available for only 38 ground-water sampling sites in the Rio Grande Valley study unit. Diazinon, at a concentration of 0.01 microgram per liter, was the only pesticide detected and it was detected at only one site. More study is needed to determine if pesticides are affecting ground-water quality in the Rio Grande Valley study unit.</p><p>Surface-water biological pesticide data were inadequate for in-depth analysis. The primary sources of data were the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Geological Survey. In the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service study p,p'-DDE, a degradation product of DDT, was detected most frequently; highest concentrations were found at Stahman Farms in carp (6.3 micrograms per gram wet-weight) and at Hatch in Western kingbird (5.1 micrograms per gram wet-weight). In the U.S. Geological Survey study of Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge no detectable organochlorine concentrations were found in plants, but detectable levels of p,p'-DDE were found in coot and carp, with a maximum concentration of 0.12 microgram per gram wet-weight found in coot.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944061","usgsCitation":"Anderholm, S., Radell, M., and Richey, S.F., 1995, Water-quality assessment of the Rio Grande Valley study unit, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas -- Analysis of selected nutrient, suspended-sediment, and pesticide data: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4061, Report: xiv, 203 p.; 3 Plates: 22.90 x 32.26 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944061.","productDescription":"Report: xiv, 203 p.; 3 Plates: 22.90 x 32.26 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392989,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47961.htm"},{"id":54674,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":352277,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4061/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":352276,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4061/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":352275,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4061/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4061/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.5,\n              31.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              31.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.5,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.5,\n              31.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cde4b07f02db54470e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderholm, S. K.","contributorId":69149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderholm","given":"S. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Radell, M.J.","contributorId":95104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radell","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richey, S. F.","contributorId":98740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richey","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19130,"text":"ofr95597 - 1995 - Geologic map of the Hayward fault zone, Contra Costa, Alameda, and Santa Clara counties, California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T14:31:01.871103","indexId":"ofr95597","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-597","title":"Geologic map of the Hayward fault zone, Contra Costa, Alameda, and Santa Clara counties, California: A digital database","docAbstract":"<p>The Hayward is one of three major fault zones of the San Andreas system that have produced large historic earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay Area (the others being the San Andreas and Calaveras). Severe earthquakes were generated by this fault zone in 1836 and in 1868, and several large earthquakes have been recorded since 1868. The Hayward fault zone is considered to be the most probable source of a major earthquake in the San Francisco Bay Area, as much as 28% chance for a magnitude 7 earthquake before the year 2021 (Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 1990).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Hayward fault zone, as described in this work, is a zone of highly deformed rocks, trending north 30 degrees west and ranging in width from about 2 to 10 kilometers. The historic earthquake generating activity has been concentrated in the western portion of the zone, but the zone as a whole reflects deformation derived from oblique right-lateral and compressive tectonic stress along a significant upper crustal discontinuity for the past 10 million or more years.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Hayward fault zone is bounded on the east by a series of faults that demarcate the beginning of one or more structural blocks containing rocks and structures unrelated to the Hayward fault zone. The eastern bounding faults are, from the south, the Calaveras, Stonybrook, Palomares, Miller Creek, and Moraga faults. These faults are not considered to be part of the Hayward fault zone, although they are shown on the map to demarcate its boundary. The western boundary of the zone is less clearly defined, because the alluvium of the San Francisco Bay and Santa Clara Valley basins obscures bedrock and structural relationships. Although several of the westernmost faults in the zone clearly project under or through the alluvium, the western boundary of the fault is generally considered to be the westernmost mapped fault, which corresponds more or less with the margin of thick unconsolidated surficial deposits. The Hayward fault zone is truncated to the south by the Calaveras fault, which trends about north 10 west, and so forms an oblique east and south boundary. All of the faults within the southern part of the zone probably splay into the Calaveras fault. The northern margin of the zone as dealt with herein is San Pablo Bay, but the zone of deformation undoubtedly continues north of the Bay through the area bounded by the Rodgers Creek and Tolay faults.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr95597","usgsCitation":"Graymer, R., Jones, D.L., and Brabb, E.E., 1995, Geologic map of the Hayward fault zone, Contra Costa, Alameda, and Santa Clara counties, California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-597, Pamphlet: 10 p.; 4 Sheets: 34.0 x 45.0 inches or smaller; Readme; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95597.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: 10 p.; 4 Sheets: 34.0 x 45.0 inches or smaller; Readme; Database","numberOfPages":"10","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":152520,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":284040,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/pdf/hfnplt.pdf"},{"id":284042,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/images/hfmap.jpg"},{"id":284039,"rank":10,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/hf_g1.ReadMe"},{"id":284045,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/hfps.tar.Z"},{"id":7863,"rank":11,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284043,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/pdf/hf-fplt.pdf"},{"id":284044,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/hf_g1.tar.Z"},{"id":284047,"rank":2,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/pdf/hfgeo.pdf"},{"id":284046,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/pdf/hfdb.pdf"},{"id":284041,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-597/pdf/hfsplt.pdf"}],"scale":"50000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Alameda County, Contra Costa County, Santa Clara County","otherGeospatial":"Hayward Fault Zone, San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.4976,37.0004 ], [ -122.4976,38.1151 ], [ -121.4951,38.1151 ], [ -121.4951,37.0004 ], [ -122.4976,37.0004 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6983a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graymer, R. W.","contributorId":21174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, D. L.","contributorId":65045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brabb, E. E.","contributorId":43780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabb","given":"E.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31736,"text":"ofr95598 - 1995 - Preliminary geologic map of the Little Piute Mountains, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-12T18:55:21.235382","indexId":"ofr95598","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-598","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Little Piute Mountains, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"Introduction \r\n\r\nThe Little Piute Mountains in the eastern Mojave Desert expose a series of folds and thrust faults involving metamorphosed Paleozoic strata (Miller and others, 1982; Stone and others, 1983). Detailed mapping of these structures was undertaken to help elucidate regional Mesozoic structural evolution. Earlier geologic maps were prepared by Cooksley (1960a,b,c,d, generalized by Bishop, 1964) and Stone and others (1983). \r\n\r\nDeformed and metamorphosed Paleozoic and Triassic rocks form a stratal \r\nsuccession that was originally deposited in shallow seas on the North American craton. Based on lithologic sequence the units are correlated with unmetamorphosed equivalents 200 km to the northeast in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, and 35-50 km to the west in the Marble, Ship, and Providence Mountains, California (Stone and others, 1983). The Paleozoic sequence rests nonconformably on a heterogeneous basement of polydeformed Early Proterozoic gneiss (Miller and others, 1982; Wooden and Miller, 1990). Triassic and older rocks were deformed, metamorphosed to staurolite or andalusite grade, and intruded concordantly at their base by Late Cretaceous granodiorite (Miller and others, 1982).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95598","usgsCitation":"Howard, K.A., Dennis, M.L., Karlstrom, K.E., and Phelps, G., 1995, Preliminary geologic map of the Little Piute Mountains, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-598, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95598.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":108957,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18523.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18523"},{"id":59955,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0598/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0598/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"10000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","otherGeospatial":"Little Piute Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.083,\n              34.6580\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              34.6580\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              34.6880\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.083,\n              34.6880\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.083,\n              34.6580\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e6b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":206841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dennis, Michael L.","contributorId":42265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennis","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karlstrom, Karl E.","contributorId":75597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlstrom","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phelps, Geoffrey A.","contributorId":17262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"Geoffrey A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":30000,"text":"wri954013 - 1995 - Hydrogeology and analysis of ground-water withdrawal in the Mendenhall-D'Lo area, Simpson County, Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-13T21:34:23.912594","indexId":"wri954013","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4013","title":"Hydrogeology and analysis of ground-water withdrawal in the Mendenhall-D'Lo area, Simpson County, Mississippi","docAbstract":"The cities of Mendenhall and D'Lo, located in Simpson County, rely on ground water for their public supply and industrial needs. Most of the ground water comes from an aquifer of Miocene age. A study began in 1991 to describe the hydrogeology, analyze effects of ground-water withdrawal by making a drawdown map, and estimate the effects increased ground-water withdrawal might have on water levels in the Miocene age aquifer in the Mendenhall-D'Lo area. The most significant withdrawals of ground water in the study area are from 10 wells screened in the lower sand of the Catahoula Formation of Miocene age. Analysis of the effect of withdrawals from the 10 wells was made using the Theis non- equilibrium equation and applying the principle of superposition. Analysis of 1994 conditions was based on the pumpage history and aquifer properties deter- mined for each well. The drawdown surface resulting from the analysis indicates three general cones of depression. One cone is in the northwestern D'Lo area, one in the south-central Mendenhall area, and one about 1-1/2 miles east of Mendenhall. Calculated drawdown ranges from 21 to 47 feet. Potential drawdown-surface maps were made for 10 years and 20 years beyond 1994 using a constant pumpage. The map made for 10 years beyond 1994 indicates an average total increase in drawdown of about 5.3 feet. The map made for 20 years beyond 1994 indicates an average total increase in drawdown of about 7.3 feet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954013","usgsCitation":"Strom, E.W., and Oakley, W.T., 1995, Hydrogeology and analysis of ground-water withdrawal in the Mendenhall-D'Lo area, Simpson County, Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4013, vi, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954013.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414060,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48133.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58807,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4013/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123833,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4013/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","county":"Simpson County","otherGeospatial":"Mendenhall-D'Lo area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.91665537388819,\n              31.99923073538514\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.91665537388819,\n              31.91558099719944\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.79388911460462,\n              31.91558099719944\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.79388911460462,\n              31.99923073538514\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.91665537388819,\n              31.99923073538514\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626af9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strom, E. W.","contributorId":90776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oakley, W. T.","contributorId":76331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oakley","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31733,"text":"ofr95559 - 1995 - Geologic map of the Littlefield Quadrangle, northern Mohave County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:50:18","indexId":"ofr95559","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-559","title":"Geologic map of the Littlefield Quadrangle, northern Mohave County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The Littlefield 7.5' quadrangle lies in the extreme northwestern corner of Mohave County, Arizona (fig. 1). Elevations range from about 536.5 m (1,760 ft) at the Virgin River (south-central edge of quadrangle) to 975 m (3,200 ft) in the Beaver Dam Mountains (northeastern corner of quadrangle). Interstate Arizona Highway 15 and U.S. Highway 91 provides a general access to the quadrangle while several unimproved dirt roads lead to remote areas of the quadrangle. The community of Littlefield, Arizona is just southeast of Interstate 15 along the west bank of the Virgin River, and the community of Beaver Dam, Arizona is just northwest of Interstate 15 in the valley of Beaver Dam Wash (fig. 1). Population of both communities is about 300 people. The environment, topography, and geography is typical of the Mohave Desert of Nevada and California.</p><p>There are about 9 sections of private land in the quadrangle and 5 sections belonging to the state of Arizona. The balance is public land administrated by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Arizona Strip District in St. George, Utah. The area supports sparse growth of desert shrubs, mainly creosote bush and cactus. Dense growths of tamerisk (Salt Cedar), cottonwood, and willow trees thrive along the alluvial terraces and banks of the Virgin River. A variety of water loving plants thrive in warm spring waters on the east side of the Virgin River near the Interstate 15 bridge, and in Beaver Dam Wash, northwest corner of the quadrangle.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95559","usgsCitation":"Billingsley, G.H., 1995, Geologic map of the Littlefield Quadrangle, northern Mohave County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-559, Report: 15 p.; 1 Plate: 21.54 x 28.15 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95559.","productDescription":"Report: 15 p.; 1 Plate: 21.54 x 28.15 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":19542,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0559/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":108952,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18510.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18510"},{"id":164006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0559/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":357007,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0559/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Mohave County","otherGeospatial":"Littlefield Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114,\n              36.675\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.675,\n              36.675\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.675,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              36.675\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696e34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Billingsley, George H.","contributorId":20711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billingsley","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58544,"text":"mf2268 - 1995 - Maps showing gas-hydrate distribution off the east coast of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-10T20:17:45.255439","indexId":"mf2268","displayToPublicDate":"1995-10-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2268","title":"Maps showing gas-hydrate distribution off the east coast of the United States","docAbstract":"These maps present the inferred distribution of natural-gas hydrate within the sediments of the eastern United States continental margin (Exclusive Economic Zone) in the offshore region from Georgia to New Jersey (fig. 1). The maps, which were created on the basis of seismic interpretations, represent the first attempt to map volume estimates for gas hydrate. Gas hydrate forms a large reservoir for methane in oceanic sediments. Therefore it potentially may represent a future source of energy and it may influence climate change because methane is a very effective greenhouse gas. Hydrate breakdown probably is a controlling factor for sea-floor landslides, and its presence has significant effect on the acoustic velocity of sea-floor sediments.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2268","usgsCitation":"Dillon, W.P., Fehlhaber, K.L., Coleman, D.F., Lee, M.W., and Hutchinson, D.R., 1995, Maps showing gas-hydrate distribution off the east coast of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2268, 2 Plates: 57.98 x 41.35 inches and 40.25 x 57.24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2268.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 57.98 x 41.35 inches and 40.25 x 57.24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":490326,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5889.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284466,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2268/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":284467,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2268/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":181057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2268.png"}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Projection","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"East Coast","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.0,31.0 ], [ -78.0,39.0 ], [ -70.0,39.0 ], [ -70.0,31.0 ], [ -78.0,31.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6629e4b0b29085100910","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":259693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fehlhaber, Kristen L.","contributorId":42090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fehlhaber","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coleman, Dwight F.","contributorId":46361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":259691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah R. 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":259690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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