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We present a detailed description of temporal variations in the complex frequencies of long-period (LP) events observed at Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano. Using the Sompi method, we analyze 35 LP events that occurred during the period from August 1992 through January 1993. The observed temporal variations in the complex frequencies can be divided into three periods. During the first period the dominant frequency rapidly decreases from 5 to 1 Hz, and Q of the dominant spectral peak remains roughly constant with an average value near 100. During the second period the dominant frequency gradually increases up to 3 Hz, and Q gradually decreases from 160 to 30. During the third period the dominant frequency increases more rapidly from 3 to 5 Hz, and Q shows an abrupt increase at the beginning of this period and then remains roughly constant with an average value near 100. Such temporal variations can be consistently explained by the dynamic response of a hydrothermal crack to a magmatic heat pulse. During the first period, crack growth occurs in response to the overall pressure increase in the hydrothermal system caused by the heat pulse. Once crack formation is complete, heat gradually changes the fluid in the crack from a wet misty gas to a dry gas during the second period. As heating of the hydrothermal system gradually subsides, the overall pressure in this system starts to decrease, causing the collapse of the crack during the third period.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2001JB000653","usgsCitation":"Kumagai, H., Chouet, B., and Nakano, M., 2002, Temporal evolution of a hydrothermal system in Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano, Japan, inferred from the complex frequencies of long-period events: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 107, no. B10, p. ESE 9-1-ESE 9-10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000653.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"ESE 9-1","endPage":"ESE 9-10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478707,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jb000653","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":"Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 138.53,\n 36.63\n ],\n [\n 138.55,\n 36.63\n ],\n [\n 138.55,\n 36.65\n ],\n [\n 138.53,\n 36.65\n ],\n [\n 138.53,\n 36.63\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"B10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba50de4b08c986b320786","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumagai, Hiroyuki","contributorId":71337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumagai","given":"Hiroyuki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chouet, Bernard","contributorId":65485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nakano, M.","contributorId":43528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nakano","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024549,"text":"70024549 - 2002 - Toxicological and chemical assessment of ordnance compounds in marine sediments and porewaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:13","indexId":"70024549","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicological and chemical assessment of ordnance compounds in marine sediments and porewaters","docAbstract":"Toxicological and chemical studies were performed with a silty and a sandy marine sediment spiked with 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), 2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine (tetryl), or 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid). Whole sediment toxicity was analyzed by the 10-day survival test with the amphipod Ampelisca abdita, and porewater toxicity tests assessed macro-algae (Ulva fasciata) zoospore germination and germling growth, sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata) embryological development, and polychaete (Dinophilus gyrociliatus) survival and reproduction. Whole sediments spiked with 2,6-DNT were not toxic to amphipods. The fine-grained sediment spiked with tetryl was also not acutely toxic. The tetryl and picric acid LC50 values in the sandy sediment were 3.24 and 144 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. The fine-grained sediment spiked with picric acid generated a U-shaped concentration-response curve in the amphipod test, with increased survival both in the lowest and highest concentration. Grain-size distribution and organic carbon content strongly influenced the behavior of ordnance compounds in spiked sediments. Very low concentrations were measured in some of the treatments and irreversible binding and biodegradation are suggested as the processes responsible for the low measurements. Porewater toxicity varied with its sedimentary origin and with ordnance compound. The sea urchin embryological development test tended to be the least sensitive. Tetryl was the most toxic chemical in all porewater tests, and picric acid the least toxic. Samples spiked with 2,6-DNT contained a degradation product identified as 2-methyl-3-nitroaniline (also known as 2-amino-6-nitrotoluene), and unidentified peaks, possibly degradation products, were also seen in some of the picric acid- and tetryl-spiked samples. Degradation products may have played a role in observed toxicity. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00063-2","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Nipper, M., Carr, R., Biedenbach, J., Hooten, R., and Miller, K., 2002, Toxicological and chemical assessment of ordnance compounds in marine sediments and porewaters: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 44, no. 8, p. 789-806, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00063-2.","startPage":"789","endPage":"806","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207640,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00063-2"},{"id":232765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb627e4b08c986b326ab9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nipper, M.","contributorId":7047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nipper","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, R.S.","contributorId":31353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biedenbach, J.M.","contributorId":108262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biedenbach","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hooten, R.L.","contributorId":25323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, K.","contributorId":104434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70171312,"text":"70171312 - 2002 - Impacts of aquatic nonindigenous invasive species on the Lake Erie ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T14:03:44","indexId":"70171312","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Impacts of aquatic nonindigenous invasive species on the Lake Erie ecosystem","docAbstract":"

Lake Erie is particularly vulnerable to the introduction and establishment of aquatic nonindigenous invasive species (NIS) populations. A minimum of 144 aquatic NIS have been recorded in the Lake Erie basin including several species [e.g., Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum); zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha); quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis); an amphipod (Echinogammarus ischnus); round goby (Neogobius melanostomus); and sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)] that have had discernible impacts on the lake's ecology. NIS pose threats to the Lake Erie ecosystem for a variety of reasons including their ability to proliferate quickly, compete with native species, and transfer contaminants (e.g., PCBs) and disease through the food web. Six of the 14 beneficial use impairments listed in Annex 2 of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement are impaired in Lake Erie, in part as a result of the introduction of NIS. The Lake Erie Lakewide Management Plan (LaMP) has adopted an ecosystem approach to restore beneficial use impairments in the lake. Furthermore, a research consortium, known as the Lake Erie Millennium Network, is working alongside the LaMP, to address research problems regarding NIS, the loss of habitat, and the role of contaminants in the Lake Erie ecosystem.

","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"11th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species","conferenceDate":"February 25-28, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Alexandria, VA","language":"English","publisher":"The Professional Edge","usgsCitation":"Austen, M.J., Ciborowski, J.J., Corkum, L.D., Johnson, T.B., MacIsaac, H.J., Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., Schloesser, D.W., and George, S.E., 2002, Impacts of aquatic nonindigenous invasive species on the Lake Erie ecosystem, in Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species, Alexandria, VA, February 25-28, 2002, p. 117-130.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e36e4b07e28b664dbcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austen, Madeline J.W.","contributorId":169652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Austen","given":"Madeline","email":"","middleInitial":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ciborowski, Jan J.H.","contributorId":107240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciborowski","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corkum, Lynda D.","contributorId":97866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corkum","given":"Lynda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Tim B.","contributorId":127336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6780,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"MacIsaac, Hugh J.","contributorId":169653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacIsaac","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Metcalfe-Smith, Janice L.","contributorId":82267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metcalfe-Smith","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schloesser, Donald W. dschloesser@usgs.gov","contributorId":3579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Donald","email":"dschloesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"George, Sandra E.","contributorId":169654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"George","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70024447,"text":"70024447 - 2002 - Allocation of extracellular enzymatic activity in relation to litter composition, N deposition, and mass loss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70024447","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Allocation of extracellular enzymatic activity in relation to litter composition, N deposition, and mass loss","docAbstract":"Decomposition of plant material is a complex process that requires interaction among a diversity of microorganisms whose presence and activity is subject to regulation by a wide range of environmental factors. Analysis of extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) provides a way to relate the functional organization of microdecomposer communities to environmental variables. In this study, we examined EEA in relation to litter composition and nitrogen deposition. Mesh bags containing senescent leaves of Quercus borealis (red oak), Acer rubrum (red maple) and Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) were placed on forest floor plots in southeastern New York. One-third of the plots were sprayed monthly with distilled water. The other plots were sprayed monthly with NH4NO3 solution at dose rates equivalent to 2 or 8 g N m-2 y-1. Mass loss, litter composition, fungal mass, and the activities of eight enzymes were measured on 13 dates for each litter type. Dogwood was followed for one year, maple for two, oak for three, For each litter type and treatment, enzymatic turnover activities were calculated from regressions of LN (%mass remaining) vs. cumulative activity. The decomposition of dogwood litter was more efficient than that of maple and oak. Maple litter had the lowest fungal mass and required the most enzymatic work to decompose, even though its mass loss rate was twice that of oak. Across litter types, N amendment reduced apparent enzymatic efficiencies and shifted EEA away from N acquisition and toward P acquisition, and away from polyphenol oxidation and toward polysaccharide hydrolysis. The effect of these shifts on decomposition rate varied with litter composition: dogwood was stimulated, oak was inhibited and maple showed mixed effects. The results show that relatively small shifts in the activity of one or two critical enzymes can significantly alter decomposition rates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1016541114786","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Sinsabaugh, R.L., Carreiro, M., and Repert, D., 2002, Allocation of extracellular enzymatic activity in relation to litter composition, N deposition, and mass loss: Biogeochemistry, v. 60, no. 1, p. 1-24, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016541114786.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207047,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016541114786"},{"id":231618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e96de4b0c8380cd48295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sinsabaugh, R. L.","contributorId":30784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sinsabaugh","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7164,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":401314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carreiro, M.M.","contributorId":58049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carreiro","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Repert, D.A.","contributorId":78506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repert","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024445,"text":"70024445 - 2002 - U-Pb geochronology of zircon and polygenetic titanite from the Glastonbury Complex, Connecticut, USA: An integrated SEM, EMPA, TIMS, and SHRIMP study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70024445","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U-Pb geochronology of zircon and polygenetic titanite from the Glastonbury Complex, Connecticut, USA: An integrated SEM, EMPA, TIMS, and SHRIMP study","docAbstract":"U-Pb ages for zircon and titanite from a granodioritic gneiss in the Glastonbury Complex, Connecticut, have been determined using both isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and the sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP). Zircons occur in three morphologic populations: (1) equant to stubby, multifaceted, colorless, (2) prismatic, dark brown, with numerous cracks, and (3) elongate, prismatic, light tan to colorless. Cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging of the three populations shows simple concentric oscillatory zoning. The zircon TIMS age [weighted average of 207Pb/206Pb ages from Group 3 grains-450.5 ?? 1.6 Ma (MSWD=1.11)] and SHRIMP age [composite of 206Pb/238 U age data from all three groups-448.2 ?? 2.7 Ma (MSWD = 1.3)], are interpreted to suggest a relatively simple crystallization history. Titanite from the granodioritic gneiss occurs as both brown and colorless varieties. Scanning electron microscope backscatter (BSE) images of brown grains show multiple cross-cutting oscillatory zones of variable brightness and dark overgrowths. Colorless grains are unzoned or contain subtle wispy or very faint oscillatory zoning. Electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) clearly distinguishes the two populations. Brown grains contain relatively high concentrations of Fe2O3, Ce2O3 (up to ~ 1.5 wt.%), Nb2O5, and Zr. Cerium concentration is positively correlated with total REE + Y concentration, which together can exceed 3.5 wt.%. Oscillatory zoning in brown titanite is correlated with variations in REE concentrations. In contrast, colorless titanite (both as discrete grains and overgrowths on brown titanite) contains lower concentrations of Y, REE, Fe2O3, and Zr, but somewhat higher Al2O3 and Nb2O5. Uranium concentrations and Th/U discriminate between brown grains (typically 200-400 ppm U; all analyses but one have Th/U between about 0.8 and 2) and colorless grains (10-60 ppm U; Th/U of 0-0.17). In contrast to the zircon U-Pb age results, SHRIMP U-Pb data from titanite indicate multiple growth episodes. In brown grains, oscillatory zoned cores formed at 443 ?? 6 Ma, whereas white (in BSE) cross-cutting zones are 425 ?? 9 Ma. Colorless grains and overgrowths on brown grains yield an age of 265 ?? 8 Ma (using the Total Pb method) or 265 ?? 5 Ma (using the weighted average of the 206Pb/238U ages). However, EMPA chemical data identify zoning that suggests that this colorless titanite may preserve three growth events. Oscillatory zoned portions of brown titanite grains are igneous in origin; white cross-cutting zones probably formed during a previously unrecognized event that caused partial dissolution of earlier titanite and reprecipitation of a slightly younger generation of brown titanite. Colorless titanite replaced and grew over the magmatic titanite during the Permian Alleghanian orogeny. These isotopic data indicate that titanite, like zircon, can contain multiple age components. Coupling SHRIMP microanalysis with EMPA and SEM results on dated zones as presented in this study is an efficient and effective technique to extract additional chronologic ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00076-1","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Aleinikoff, J.N., Wintsch, R., Fanning, C., and Dorais, M., 2002, U-Pb geochronology of zircon and polygenetic titanite from the Glastonbury Complex, Connecticut, USA: An integrated SEM, EMPA, TIMS, and SHRIMP study: Chemical Geology, v. 188, no. 1-2, p. 125-147, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00076-1.","startPage":"125","endPage":"147","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207103,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00076-1"},{"id":231736,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"188","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9cce4b08c986b327df9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleinikoff, J. N. 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":75132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wintsch, R. P.","contributorId":104921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wintsch","given":"R. P.","affiliations":[{"id":13366,"text":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":401311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fanning, C.M.","contributorId":82434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fanning","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dorais, M. J.","contributorId":27209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorais","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024446,"text":"70024446 - 2002 - Using flowmeter pulse tests to define hydraulic connections in the subsurface: A fractured shale example","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-15T15:29:22","indexId":"70024446","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using flowmeter pulse tests to define hydraulic connections in the subsurface: A fractured shale example","docAbstract":"Cross-borehole flowmeter pulse tests define subsurface connections between discrete fractures using short stress periods to monitor the propagation of the pulse through the flow system. This technique is an improvement over other cross-borehole techniques because measurements can be made in open boreholes without packers or previous identification of water-producing intervals. The method is based on the concept of monitoring the propagation of pulses rather than steady flow through the fracture network. In this method, a hydraulic stress is applied to a borehole connected to a single, permeable fracture, and the distribution of flow induced by that stress monitored in adjacent boreholes. The transient flow responses are compared to type curves computed for several different types of fracture connections. The shape of the transient flow response indicates the type of fracture connection, and the fit of the data to the type curve yields an estimate of its transmissivity and storage coefficient. The flowmeter pulse test technique was applied in fractured shale at a volatile-organic contaminant plume in Watervliet, New York. Flowmeter and other geophysical logs were used to identify permeable fractures in eight boreholes in and near the contaminant plume using single-borehole flow measurements. Flowmeter cross-hole pulse tests were used to identify connections between fractures detected in the boreholes. The results indicated a permeable fracture network connecting many of the individual boreholes, and demonstrated the presence of an ambient upward hydraulic-head gradient throughout the site.","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00092-6","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., and Paillet, F.L., 2002, Using flowmeter pulse tests to define hydraulic connections in the subsurface: A fractured shale example: Journal of Hydrology, v. 265, no. 1-4, p. 100-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00092-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"117","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"265","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc050e4b08c986b32a05d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, J.H.","contributorId":29482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025025,"text":"70025025 - 2002 - Multispectral image sharpening using a shift-invariant wavelet transform and adaptive processing of multiresolution edges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70025025","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Multispectral image sharpening using a shift-invariant wavelet transform and adaptive processing of multiresolution edges","docAbstract":"Enhanced false color images from mid-IR, near-IR (NIR), and visible bands of the Landsat thematic mapper (TM) are commonly used for visually interpreting land cover type. Described here is a technique for sharpening or fusion of NIR with higher resolution panchromatic (Pan) that uses a shift-invariant implementation of the discrete wavelet transform (SIDWT) and a reported pixel-based selection rule to combine coefficients. There can be contrast reversals (e.g., at soil-vegetation boundaries between NIR and visible band images) and consequently degraded sharpening and edge artifacts. To improve performance for these conditions, I used a local area-based correlation technique originally reported for comparing image-pyramid-derived edges for the adaptive processing of wavelet-derived edge data. Also, using the redundant data of the SIDWT improves edge data generation. There is additional improvement because sharpened subband imagery is used with the edge-correlation process. A reported technique for sharpening three-band spectral imagery used forward and inverse intensity, hue, and saturation transforms and wavelet-based sharpening of intensity. This technique had limitations with opposite contrast data, and in this study sharpening was applied to single-band multispectral-Pan image pairs. Sharpening used simulated 30-m NIR imagery produced by degrading the spatial resolution of a higher resolution reference. Performance, evaluated by comparison between sharpened and reference image, was improved when sharpened subband data were used with the edge correlation.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Visual Information Processing XI","conferenceDate":"4 April 2002 through 4 April 2002","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, FL","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.477580","issn":"0277786X","usgsCitation":"Lemeshewsky, G., 2002, Multispectral image sharpening using a shift-invariant wavelet transform and adaptive processing of multiresolution edges, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 4736, Orlando, FL, 4 April 2002 through 4 April 2002, p. 189-200, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.477580.","startPage":"189","endPage":"200","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207996,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.477580"},{"id":233335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4736","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60a2e4b0c8380cd715c5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rahman, Z.-U.","contributorId":112042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rahman","given":"Z.-U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508797,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schowengerdt, R.A.","contributorId":83707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schowengerdt","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508796,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reichenbach, S.E.","contributorId":113015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichenbach","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508798,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Lemeshewsky, G.P.","contributorId":106927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemeshewsky","given":"G.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70024507,"text":"70024507 - 2002 - The Saguenay Fjord, Quebec, Canada: Integrating marine geotechnical and geophysical data for spatial seismic slope stability and hazard assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:05","indexId":"70024507","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Saguenay Fjord, Quebec, Canada: Integrating marine geotechnical and geophysical data for spatial seismic slope stability and hazard assessment","docAbstract":"In 1996 a major flood occurred in the Saguenay region, Quebec, Canada, delivering several km3 of sediment to the Saguenay Fjord. Such sediments covered large areas of the, until then, largely contaminated fjord bottom, thus providing a natural capping layer. Recent swath bathymetry data have also shown that sediment landslides are widely present in the upper section of the Saguenay Fjord, and therefore, should a new event occur, it would probably expose the old contaminated sediments. Landslides in the Upper Saguenay Fjord are most probably due to earthquakes given its proximity to the Charlevoix seismic region and to that of the 1988 Saguenay earthquake. In consequence, this study tries to characterize the permanent ground deformations induced by different earthquake scenarios from which shallow sediment landslides could be triggered. The study follows a Newmark analysis in which, firstly, the seismic slope performance is assessed, secondly, the seismic hazard analyzed, and finally an evaluation of the seismic landslide hazard is made. The study is based on slope gradients obtained from EM1000 multibeam bathymetry data as well as water content and undrained shear strength measurements made in box and gravity cores. Ground motions integrating local site conditions were simulated using synthetic time histories. The study assumes the region of the 1988 Saguenay earthquake as the most likely source area for earthquakes capable of inducing large ground motions in the Upper Saguenay region. Accordingly, we have analyzed several shaking intensities to deduce that generalized sediment displacements will begin to occur when moment magnitudes exceed 6. Major displacements, failure, and subsequent landslides could occur only from earthquake moment magnitudes exceeding 6.75. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00185-8","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Urgeles, R., Locat, J., Lee, H., and Martin, F., 2002, The Saguenay Fjord, Quebec, Canada: Integrating marine geotechnical and geophysical data for spatial seismic slope stability and hazard assessment: Marine Geology, v. 185, no. 3-4, p. 319-340, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00185-8.","startPage":"319","endPage":"340","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207905,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00185-8"},{"id":233193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"185","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba8c9e4b08c986b321e4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Urgeles, R.","contributorId":90081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urgeles","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Locat, J.","contributorId":56392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Locat","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25484,"text":"Université Laval, Québec City, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":401517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, H.J.","contributorId":96693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, F.","contributorId":75725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185181,"text":"70185181 - 2002 - Editors' message: The past year and thanks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T09:32:59","indexId":"70185181","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Editors' message: The past year and thanks","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-002-0191-y","usgsCitation":"Schneider, R., and Voss, C.I., 2002, Editors' message: The past year and thanks: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 10, no. 1, p. 1-2, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-002-0191-y.","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-002-0191-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d5e4b0849ce97c8700","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, Robert","contributorId":102460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70025046,"text":"70025046 - 2002 - Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of aquatic and terrestrial plants of the San Francisco Bay estuarine system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T15:11:42.988316","indexId":"70025046","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of aquatic and terrestrial plants of the San Francisco Bay estuarine system","docAbstract":"

We report measurements of seasonal variability in the C‐N stable isotope ratios of plants collected across the habitat mosaic of San Francisco Bay, its marshes, and its tributary river system. Analyses of 868 plant samples were binned into 10 groups (e.g., terrestrial riparian, freshwater phytoplankton, salt marsh) to determine whether C‐N isotopes can be used as biomarkers for tracing the origins of organic matter in this river‐marsh‐estuary complex. Variability of δ13C and δ15N was high (~5–10‰) within each plant group, and we identified three modes of variability: (1) between species and their microhabitats, (2) over annual cycles of plant growth and senescence, and (3) between living and decomposing biomass. These modes of within‐group variability obscure any source specific isotopic signatures, confounding the application of C‐N isotopes for identifying the origins of organic matter. A second confounding factor was large dissimilarity between the δ13C‐δ15N of primary producers and the organic matter pools in the seston and sediments. Both confounding factors impede the application of C‐N isotopes to reveal the food supply to primary consumers in ecosystems supporting diverse autotrophs and where the isotopic composition of organic matter has been transformed and become distinct from that of its parent plant sources. Our results support the advice of others: variability of C‐N stable isotopes within all organic‐matter pools is high and must be considered in applications of these isotopes to trace trophic linkages from primary producers to primary consumers. Isotope‐based approaches are perhaps most powerful when used to complement other tools, such as molecular biomarkers, bioassays, direct measures of production, and compilations of organic‐matter budgets.

","language":"English","publisher":"ASLO","doi":"10.4319/lo.2002.47.3.0713","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J., Canuel, E.A., and Harris, D., 2002, Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of aquatic and terrestrial plants of the San Francisco Bay estuarine system: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 47, no. 3, p. 713-729, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2002.47.3.0713.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"713","endPage":"729","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478701,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2002.47.3.0713","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438882,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P98ZSO0X","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Stable isotope analysis of San Francisco Bay-Delta primary producers (1990-2000)"},{"id":235946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.64862060546875,\n 37.391981943533544\n ],\n [\n -121.74362182617188,\n 37.391981943533544\n ],\n [\n -121.74362182617188,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -122.64862060546875,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -122.64862060546875,\n 37.391981943533544\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9660e4b08c986b31b487","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Canuel, E. A.","contributorId":52206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canuel","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, D.","contributorId":78520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70025040,"text":"70025040 - 2002 - Late Cretaceous through Cenozoic strike-slip tectonics of southwestern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T17:39:14","indexId":"70025040","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Cretaceous through Cenozoic strike-slip tectonics of southwestern Alaska","docAbstract":"New geologic mapping and geochronology show that margin-parallel strike-slip faults on the western limb of the southern Alaska orocline have experienced multiple episodes of dextral motion since ~100 Ma. These faults are on the upper plate of a subduction zone ~350-450 km inboard of the paleotrench. In southwestern Alaska, dextral displacement is 134 km on the Denali fault, at least 88-94 km on the Iditarod-Nixon Fork fault, and perhaps tens of kilometers on the Dishna River fault. The strike-slip regime coincided with Late Cretaceous sedimentation and then folding in the Kuskokwim basin, and with episodes of magmatism and mineralization at ~70, ~60, and ~30 Ma. No single driving mechanism can explain all of the ~95 million-year history of strike-slip faulting. Since ~40 Ma, the observed dextral sense of strike slip has run contrary to the sense of subduction obliquity. This may be explained by northward motion of the Pacific plate driving continental margin slivers into and/or around the oroclinal bend. From 44 to 66 Ma, oroclinal rotation, perhaps involving large-scale flexural slip, may have been accompanied by westward escape of crustal blocks along strike-slip faults. However, reconstructions of this period involve unproven assumptions about the identity of the subducting plate, the position of subducting ridges, and the exact timing of oroclinal bending, thus obscuring the driving mechanisms of strike slip. Prior to 66 Ma, oblique subduction is the most plausible driving mechanism for dextral strike slip. Cumulative displacement on all faults of the western limb of the orocline is at least 400 km, about half that on the eastern limb; this discrepancy might be explained by a combination of thrusting and unrecognized strike-slip faulting.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/339531","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.L., Bradley, D., Bundtzen, T., and McClelland, W.C., 2002, Late Cretaceous through Cenozoic strike-slip tectonics of southwestern Alaska: Journal of Geology, v. 110, no. 3, p. 247-270, https://doi.org/10.1086/339531.","startPage":"247","endPage":"270","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209452,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/339531"}],"volume":"110","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44d9e4b0c8380cd66e3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McClelland, William C.","contributorId":194066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClelland","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024438,"text":"70024438 - 2002 - Effects of a coastal golf complex on water quality, periphyton, and seagrass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T12:35:07","indexId":"70024438","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of a coastal golf complex on water quality, periphyton, and seagrass","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to provide baseline information on the effects of a golf course complex on water quality, colonized periphyton, and seagrass meadows in adjacent freshwater, near-coastal, and wetland areas. The chemical and biological impacts of the recreational facility, which uses reclaimed municipal wastewater for irrigation, were limited usually to near-field areas and decreased seaward during the 2-year study. Concentrations of chromium, copper, and organochlorine pesticides were below detection in surface water, whereas mercury, lead, arsenic, and atrazine commonly occurred at all locations. Only mercury and lead exceeded water quality criteria. Concentrations of nutrients and chlorophyll a were greater in fairway ponds and some adjacent coastal areas relative to reference locations and Florida estuaries. Periphyton ash free dry weight and pigment concentrations statistically differed but not between reference and non-reference coastal areas. Biomass of Thalassia testudinum (turtle grass) was approximately 43% less in a meadow located adjacent to the golf complex (P < 0.05). The results of the study suggest that the effects of coastal golf courses on water quality may be primarily localized and limited to peripheral near-coastal areas. However, this preliminary conclusion needs additional supporting data. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/eesa.2002.2219","issn":"01476513","usgsCitation":"Lewis, M., Boustany, R., Dantin, D., Quarles, R., Moore, J., and Stanley, R.S., 2002, Effects of a coastal golf complex on water quality, periphyton, and seagrass: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 53, no. 1, p. 154-162, https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.2002.2219.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Gulf Breeze","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.21633911132812,\n 30.341472652403482\n ],\n [\n -87.11883544921875,\n 30.341472652403482\n ],\n [\n -87.11883544921875,\n 30.39064573955672\n ],\n [\n -87.21633911132812,\n 30.39064573955672\n ],\n [\n -87.21633911132812,\n 30.341472652403482\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a066de4b0c8380cd51239","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, M.A.","contributorId":94065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boustany, R.G.","contributorId":27003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boustany","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dantin, D.D.","contributorId":84110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dantin","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quarles, R.L.","contributorId":60809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quarles","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, J.C.","contributorId":95141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stanley, R. S.","contributorId":16579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70025026,"text":"70025026 - 2002 - Cassini/VIMS observations of the moon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70025026","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":661,"text":"Advances in Space Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cassini/VIMS observations of the moon","docAbstract":"In this paper, we present preliminary scientific results obtained from the analysis of VIMS (Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer) lunar images and spectra. These data were obtained during the Cassini Earth flyby in August 1999. Spectral ratios have been produced in order to derive lunar mineralogical maps. Some spectra observed at the north-east lunar limb, show few unusual absorption features located at 0.357, 0.430 and 0.452 ??m, the origin of which is presently unknown. ?? 2002 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Space Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0273-1177(02)00484-2","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Belluci, G., Brown, R.H., Formisano, V., Baines, K.H., Bibring, J., Buratti, B.J., Capaccioni, F., Cerroni, P., Clark, R.N., Coradini, A., Cruikshank, D.P., Drossart, P., Jaumann, R., Langevin, Y., Matson, D.L., McCord, T.B., Mennella, V., Miller, E., Nelson, R., Nicholson, P.D., Sicardy, B., and Sotin, C., 2002, Cassini/VIMS observations of the moon: Advances in Space Research, v. 30, no. 8, p. 1889-1894, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(02)00484-2.","startPage":"1889","endPage":"1894","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(02)00484-2"}],"volume":"30","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f390e4b0c8380cd4b8b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belluci, G.","contributorId":26480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belluci","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Formisano, V.","contributorId":44694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Formisano","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bibring, J.-P.","contributorId":86083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bibring","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Capaccioni, F.","contributorId":90900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capaccioni","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cerroni, P.","contributorId":7869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cerroni","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Coradini, A.","contributorId":34679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coradini","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Cruikshank, D. P.","contributorId":51434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cruikshank","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Drossart, P.","contributorId":29574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drossart","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Jaumann, R.","contributorId":81232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Langevin, Y.","contributorId":24900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Matson, D. L.","contributorId":59940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"McCord, T. B.","contributorId":69695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCord","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Mennella, V.","contributorId":88522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mennella","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Miller, E.","contributorId":29998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Nelson, R.M.","contributorId":38316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Sicardy, B.","contributorId":57622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sicardy","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}} ,{"id":70025027,"text":"70025027 - 2002 - Effects of bull elk demographics on age categories of harem bulls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70025027","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of bull elk demographics on age categories of harem bulls","docAbstract":"Many management strategies for elk (Cervus elaphus) emphasize increasing numbers of mature bulls in the population. These strategies are usually assumed to enhance productivity via increased breeding by mature bulls. I compared age classes of harem bulls during the peak of the rut under 4 bull harvest strategies that resulted in different bull:cow ratios, mature bull:cow ratios, bull mortality rates, and proportions of mature bulls in the autumn (pre-hunting season) population. Proportions of harems held by differing age classes of bulls [mature (P<0.001), juvenile (P=0.002), and yearling (P=0.005)] differed by harvest strategy. Proportions held by mature bulls increased with increasing restrictions on bull harvest and were related most strongly (r2=0.84-0.92) to number of mature bulls:cow. For harvest strategies studied here (e.g., unharvested, aselective, or selective of older bulls), mature bulls tended >84% of harems only in populations where mature bull:cow ratios exceeded 21:100 in the autumn population. Interaction of mature bull ratios in the autumn population, harem size, and bull selectivity in the harvest strategy must be considered if increased breeding by mature harem bulls is a management goal.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Bender, L.C., 2002, Effects of bull elk demographics on age categories of harem bulls: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 30, no. 1, p. 193-199.","startPage":"193","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a069ee4b0c8380cd51330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bender, Louis C.","contributorId":72509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70024422,"text":"70024422 - 2002 - Sun photometer and lidar measurements of the plume from the Hawaii Kilauea Volcano Pu'u O'o vent: Aerosol flux and SO2 lifetime","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-19T15:49:26.811154","indexId":"70024422","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sun photometer and lidar measurements of the plume from the Hawaii Kilauea Volcano Pu'u O'o vent: Aerosol flux and SO2 lifetime","docAbstract":"

Aerosol optical depths and lidar measurements were obtained under the plume of Hawaii Kilauea Volcano on August 17, 2001, ∼9 km downwind from the erupting Pu'u O'o vent. Measured aerosol optical depths (at 500 nm) were between 0.2–0.4. Aerosol size distributions inverted from the spectral sun photometer measurements suggest the volcanic aerosol is present in the accumulation mode (0.1–0.5 micron diameter), which is consistent with past in situ optical counter measurements. The aerosol dry mass flux rate was calculated to be 53 Mg d−1. The estimated SO2 emission rate during the aerosol measurements was ∼1450 Mg d−1. Assuming the sulfur emissions at Pu'u O'o vent are mainly SO2 (not aerosol), this corresponds to a SO2 half-life of 6.0 hours in the atmosphere.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2002GL014744","usgsCitation":"Porter, J., Horton, K., Mouginis-Mark, P., Lienert, B., Sharma, S., Lau, E., Elias, T., Sutton, A.J., and Oppenheimer, C., 2002, Sun photometer and lidar measurements of the plume from the Hawaii Kilauea Volcano Pu'u O'o vent: Aerosol flux and SO2 lifetime: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 29, no. 16, p. 30-1-30-4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL014744.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"30-1","endPage":"30-4","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478616,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2002gl014744","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.2847957611084,\n 19.39981598238101\n ],\n [\n -155.24368286132812,\n 19.39981598238101\n ],\n [\n -155.24368286132812,\n 19.432033891986865\n ],\n [\n -155.2847957611084,\n 19.432033891986865\n ],\n [\n -155.2847957611084,\n 19.39981598238101\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f48e4b08c986b31e47f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porter, J.N.","contributorId":66060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, K.A.","contributorId":43167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mouginis-Mark, P. J.","contributorId":41086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mouginis-Mark","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lienert, B.","contributorId":46841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienert","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sharma, S.K.","contributorId":45582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharma","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lau, E.","contributorId":24652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lau","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elias, T. 0000-0002-9592-4518","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4518","contributorId":71195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sutton, A. J. 0000-0003-1902-3977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-3977","contributorId":28983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Oppenheimer, C.","contributorId":69767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oppenheimer","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70024423,"text":"70024423 - 2002 - Binding of mercury(II) to dissolved organic matter: The role of the mercury-to-DOM concentration ratio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-04T14:02:08","indexId":"70024423","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Binding of mercury(II) to dissolved organic matter: The role of the mercury-to-DOM concentration ratio","docAbstract":"

The binding of Hg(II) to dissolved organic matter (DOM; hydrophobic acids isolated from the Florida Everglades by XAD-8 resin) was measured at a wide range of Hg-to-DOM concentration ratios using an equilibrium dialysis ligand exchange method. Conditional distribution coefficients (KDOM‘) determined by this method were strongly affected by the Hg/DOM concentration ratio. At Hg/DOM ratios below approximately 1 μg of Hg/mg of DOM, we observed very strong interactions (KDOM‘ = 1023.2±1.0 L kg-1 at pH = 7.0 and I = 0.1), indicative of mercury−thiol bonds. Hg/DOM ratios above approximately 10 μg of Hg/mg of DOM, as used in most studies that have determined Hg−DOM binding constants, gave much lower KDOM‘ values (1010.7±1.0 L kg-1 at pH = 4.9−5.6 and I = 0.1), consistent with Hg binding mainly to oxygen functional groups. These results suggest that the binding of Hg to DOM under natural conditions (very low Hg/DOM ratios) is controlled by a small fraction of DOM molecules containing a reactive thiol functional group. Therefore, Hg/DOM distribution coefficients used for modeling the biogeochemical behavior of Hg in natural systems need to be determined at low Hg/DOM ratios.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es025699i","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Haitzer, M., Aiken, G., and Ryan, J.N., 2002, Binding of mercury(II) to dissolved organic matter: The role of the mercury-to-DOM concentration ratio: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 36, no. 16, p. 3564-3570, https://doi.org/10.1021/es025699i.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3564","endPage":"3570","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-07-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f135e4b0c8380cd4aac9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haitzer, M.","contributorId":94812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haitzer","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, G. R. 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":14452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, J. N.","contributorId":102649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024512,"text":"70024512 - 2002 - Low abundance materials at the mars pathfinder landing site: An investigation using spectral mixture analysis and related techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70024512","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low abundance materials at the mars pathfinder landing site: An investigation using spectral mixture analysis and related techniques","docAbstract":"Recalibrated and geometrically registered multispectral images from the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) were analyzed using Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) and related techniques. SMA models a multispectral image scene as a linear combination of end-member spectra, and anomalous materials which do not fit the model are detected as model residuals. While most of the IMP data studied here are modeled generally well using \"Bright Dust,\" \"Gray Rock,\" and \"Shade\" image endmembers, additional anomalous materials were detected through careful analysis of root mean square (RMS) error images resulting from SMA. For example, analysis of SMA fraction and RMS images indicates spectral differences within a previously monolithologic Dark Soil class. A type of Dark Soil that has high fractional abundances in rock fraction images (Gray Rock Soil) was identified. Other anomalous materials identified included a previously noted \"Black Rock\" lithology, a class of possibly indurated, compacted, or partially cemented soils (\"Intermediate Soil\"), and a unit referred to as \"Anomalous Patches\" on at least one rock. The Black Rock lithology has a strong 900-1000-nm absorption, and modeling of the derived image endmembers using a laboratory reference endmember modeling (REM) approach produced best-fit model spectra that are most consistent with the presence of high-Ca pyroxenes and/or olivine, crystalline ferric oxide minerals, or mixtures of these materials as important components of the Black Rock endmember. More unique mineralogic identifications could not be obtained using our initial REM analyses. Both Intermediate Soil and Anomalous Patches units exhibit a relatively narrow 860-950-nm absorption that is consistent with the presence of either low-Ca pyroxenes or a cementing crystalline ferric oxide mineral. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/icar.2002.6865","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Bell, J., Farrand, W.H., Johnson, J.R., and Morris, R., 2002, Low abundance materials at the mars pathfinder landing site: An investigation using spectral mixture analysis and related techniques: Icarus, v. 158, no. 1, p. 56-71, https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2002.6865.","startPage":"56","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207973,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/icar.2002.6865"},{"id":233303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a00e4b0c8380cd68a4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farrand, W. H.","contributorId":64372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrand","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":6978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":44943,"text":"wri024106 - 2002 - Baseline assessment of instream and riparian-zone biological resources on the Rio Grande in and near Big Bend National Park, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-06T21:22:56.173116","indexId":"wri024106","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4106","title":"Baseline assessment of instream and riparian-zone biological resources on the Rio Grande in and near Big Bend National Park, Texas","docAbstract":"

Five study sites, and a sampling reach within each site, were established on the Rio Grande in and near Big Bend National Park in 1999 to provide the National Park Service with data and information on the status of stream habitat, fish communities, and benthic macroinvertebrates. Differences in stream-habitat conditions and riparian vegetation reflect differences in surface geology among the five sampling reaches. In the most upstream reach, Colorado Canyon, where igneous rock predominates, streambed material is larger; and riparian vegetation is less diverse and not as dense as in the four other, mostly limestone reaches. Eighteen species of fish and a total of 474 individuals were collected among the five reaches; 348 of the 474 were minnows. The most fish species (15) were collected at the Santa Elena reach and the fewest species (9) at the Colorado Canyon and Johnson Ranch reaches. The fish community at Colorado Canyon was least like the fish communities at the four other reaches. Fish trophic structure reflected fish-community structure among the five reaches. Invertivores made up at least 60 percent of the trophic structure at all reaches except Colorado Canyon. Piscivores dominated the trophic structure at Colorado Canyon. At the four other reaches, piscivores were the smallest trophic group. Eighty percent of the benthic macroinvertebrate taxa collected were aquatic insects. Two species of blackfly were the most frequently collected invertebrate taxon. Net-spinning caddisflies were common at all reaches except Santa Elena. The aquatic-insect community at the Boquillas reach was least similar to the aquatic-insect community at the other reaches.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024106","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Moring, J.B., 2002, Baseline assessment of instream and riparian-zone biological resources on the Rio Grande in and near Big Bend National Park, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4106, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024106.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135200,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri024106.PNG"},{"id":415388,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52348.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3818,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024106","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Big Bend National Park, Rio Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 29.5833\n ],\n [\n -102.7833,\n 29.5833\n ],\n [\n -102.7833,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db64881c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moring, James Bruce jbmoring@usgs.gov","contributorId":6033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"James","email":"jbmoring@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70025077,"text":"70025077 - 2002 - Response of benthic algae to environmental gradients in an agriculturally dominated landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T10:26:56","indexId":"70025077","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of benthic algae to environmental gradients in an agriculturally dominated landscape","docAbstract":"

Benthic algal communities were assessed in an agriculturally dominated landscape in the Central Columbia Plateau, Washington, to determine which environmental variables best explained species distributions, and whether algae species optima models were useful in predicting specific water-quality parameters. Land uses in the study area included forest, range, urban, and agriculture. Most of the streams in this region can be characterized as open-channel systems influenced by intensive dryland (nonirrigated) and irrigated agriculture. Algal communities in forested streams were dominated by blue-green algae, with communities in urban and range streams dominated by diatoms. The predominance of either blue-greens or diatoms in agricultural streams varied greatly depending on the specific site. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated a strong gradient effect of several key environmental variables on benthic algal community composition. Conductivity and % agriculture were the dominant explanatory variables when all sites (n = 24) were included in the CCA; water velocity replaced conductivity when the CCA included only agricultural and urban sites. Other significant explanatory variables included dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), orthophosphate (OP), discharge, and precipitation. Regression and calibration models accurately predicted conductivity based on benthic algal communities, with OP having slightly lower predictability. The model for DIN was poor, and therefore may be less useful in this system. Thirty-four algal taxa were identified as potential indicators of conductivity and nutrient conditions, with most indicators being diatoms except for the blue-greens Anabaenasp. and Lyngbya sp.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.2307/1468411","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Munn, M., Black, R.W., and Gruber, S., 2002, Response of benthic algae to environmental gradients in an agriculturally dominated landscape: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 21, no. 2, p. 221-237, https://doi.org/10.2307/1468411.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"237","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa32e4b0c8380cd861d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munn, M.D.","contributorId":77908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Black, R. W.","contributorId":81943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gruber, S.J.","contributorId":39347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gruber","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024441,"text":"70024441 - 2002 - Distribution and transport of suspended particulate matter in Monterey Canyon, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70024441","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and transport of suspended particulate matter in Monterey Canyon, California","docAbstract":"From August 1993 to August 1994, six moorings that measure current, temperature, salinity, and water clarity were deployed along the axis of Monterey Canyon to study the circulation and transport of water and suspended particulate matter through the canyon system. The moorings occupied three sites that are morphologically different: a narrow transverse section (axis width 900 m) at 1450 m water depth, a wide transverse section at 2837 m, and a third site in the fan valley axis farther offshore at 3223 m that recorded for 3 yr. In addition, CTD/transmissometer casts were conducted within and near the Monterey Canyon during four cruises. Our data show a mainly biogenic, surface turbid layer, a limited intermediate nepheloid layer, and a bottom nepheloid layer. There is a consistent presence of a turbid layer within the canyon at a water depth of about 1500 m. Tidal flow dominates at all sites, but currents above the canyon rim and within the canyon appear to belong to two distinct dynamic systems. Bottom intensification of currents plays an important role in raising the near-bottom shear stress high enough that bottom sediments are often, if not always, resuspended. Mean flow pattern suggests a convergence zone between the narrow and wide site: the near-bed (100 m above bottom where the lowest current meter was located) mean transport is down-canyon at the 1450-m site, while the near-bottom transport at the 2837-m site is up-canyon, at a smaller magnitude. Transport at the 3223-m site is dominantly NNW, cross-canyon, with periods of up-canyon flow over 3 yr. A very high-turbidity event was recorded 100 m above the canyon bottom at the narrow site. The event started very abruptly and lasted more than a week. This event was not detected at either of the deeper sites. A canyon head flushing event is likely the cause. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00268-7","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Xu, J.P., Noble, M., Eittreim, S., Rosenfeld, L., Schwing, F., and Pilskaln, C., 2002, Distribution and transport of suspended particulate matter in Monterey Canyon, California: Marine Geology, v. 181, no. 1-3, p. 215-234, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00268-7.","startPage":"215","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207086,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00268-7"},{"id":231694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"181","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a02abe4b0c8380cd5015d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, J. P.","contributorId":74528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noble, M.","contributorId":15340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eittreim, S.L.","contributorId":98730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eittreim","given":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenfeld, L.K.","contributorId":24957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenfeld","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schwing, F.B.","contributorId":24516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwing","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pilskaln, C.H.","contributorId":76501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilskaln","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70025039,"text":"70025039 - 2002 - Residency and movement patterns of wintering Dunlin in the Willamette Valley of Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-22T16:48:24.734889","indexId":"70025039","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residency and movement patterns of wintering Dunlin in the Willamette Valley of Oregon","docAbstract":"

In the winters of 1998-1999 and 1999-2000, we tracked 67 radio-marked Dunlin (Calidris alpina) throughout the complex agricultural landscape of the Willamette Valley of Oregon. Individual birds were tracked across 8-week sampling periods and indicated a high degree of regional fidelity throughout the three winter sampling periods. Birds exhibited varied degrees of fidelity to specific wetland sites and were detected at an average of nine different sites. Distances traveled within the region were extensive and greatest during late winter. Females ranged farther from capture sites than males, and movement from capture sites for all birds was greatest during late winter. Mean home-range size (95% minimum convex polygons) of birds was 258.2 ± 44.8 km2 (SE) and was greatest during late winter. Diurnal roosts were identified as centers of activities and daily movements were most pronounced during crepuscular periods. These data represent the most extensive documentation of winter movements for a shorebird at an inland site. Findings indicate Dunlin were winter residents, and extensive local movements suggest a high degree of functional connectivity of habitats.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/104.2.271","usgsCitation":"Sanzenbacher, P., and Haig, S.M., 2002, Residency and movement patterns of wintering Dunlin in the Willamette Valley of Oregon: Condor, v. 104, no. 2, p. 271-280, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.2.271.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"280","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478745,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.2.271","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -122.73925781250001,\n 43.99281450048989\n ],\n [\n -122.71728515624999,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -122.4755859375,\n 45.29034662473613\n ],\n [\n -122.56347656249999,\n 45.460130637921004\n ],\n [\n -122.607421875,\n 45.506346901083425\n ],\n [\n -122.6953125,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -122.84912109375,\n 45.49094569262732\n ],\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 45.3521452458518\n ],\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 44.02442151965934\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa977e4b0c8380cd85df2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanzenbacher, P.M.","contributorId":29553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzenbacher","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, S. M. 0000-0002-6616-7589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":55389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188183,"text":"70188183 - 2002 - Erratum: Groundwater recharge and agricultural contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-02T13:30:40","indexId":"70188183","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erratum: Groundwater recharge and agricultural contamination","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-002-0210-z","usgsCitation":"Bohlke, J., 2002, Erratum: Groundwater recharge and agricultural contamination: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 10, no. 3, p. 438-439, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-002-0210-z.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"438","endPage":"439","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-002-0210-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59327927e4b0e9bd0eab551e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70024483,"text":"70024483 - 2002 - Effects of tidal current phase at the junction of two straits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-01T13:52:50","indexId":"70024483","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of tidal current phase at the junction of two straits","docAbstract":"

Estuaries typically have a monotonic increase in salinity from freshwater at the head of the estuary to ocean water at the mouth, creating a consistent direction for the longitudinal baroclinic pressure gradient. However, Mare Island Strait in San Francisco Bay has a local salinity minimum created by the phasing of the currents at the junction of Mare Island and Carquinez Straits. The salinity minimum creates converging baroclinic pressure gradients in Mare Island Strait. Equipment was deployed at four stations in the straits for 6 months from September 1997 to March 1998 to measure tidal variability of velocity, conductivity, temperature, depth, and suspended sediment concentration. Analysis of the measured time series shows that on a tidal time scale in Mare Island Strait, the landward and seaward baroclinic pressure gradients in the local salinity minimum interact with the barotropic gradient, creating regions of enhanced shear in the water column during the flood and reduced shear during the ebb. On a tidally averaged time scale, baroclinic pressure gradients converge on the tidally averaged salinity minimum and drive a converging near-bed and diverging surface current circulation pattern, forming a \"baroclinic convergence zone\" in Mare Island Strait. Historically large sedimentation rates in this area are attributed to the convergence zone. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0278-4343(02)00026-2","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Warner, J., Schoellhamer, D., Burau, J., and Schladow, G., 2002, Effects of tidal current phase at the junction of two straits, v. 22, no. 11-13, p. 1629-1642, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(02)00026-2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1629","endPage":"1642","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.36160278320311,\n 38.01726302540855\n ],\n [\n -122.15904235839842,\n 38.01726302540855\n ],\n [\n -122.15904235839842,\n 38.24788726821097\n ],\n [\n -122.36160278320311,\n 38.24788726821097\n ],\n [\n -122.36160278320311,\n 38.01726302540855\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"11-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a080ce4b0c8380cd51952","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":401432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":401433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burau, Jon 0000-0002-5196-5035 jrburau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":152695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"Jon","email":"jrburau@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":401430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schladow, Geoffrey","contributorId":10312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schladow","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025038,"text":"70025038 - 2002 - Effects of triploid grass carp on aquatic plants, water quality, and public satisfaction in Washington State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:26","indexId":"70025038","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of triploid grass carp on aquatic plants, water quality, and public satisfaction in Washington State","docAbstract":"We investigated effects of triploid grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella on aquatic macrophyte communities, water quality, and public satisfaction for 98 lakes and ponds in Washington State stocked with grass carp between 1990 and 1995. Grass carp had few noticeable effects on macrophyte communities until 19 months following stocking. After 19 months, submersed macrophytes were either completely eradicated (39% of the lakes) or not controlled (42% of the lakes) in most lakes. Intermediate control of submersed macrophytes occurred in 18% of lakes at a median stocking rate of 24 fish per vegetated surface acre. Most of the landowners interviewed (83%) were satisfied with the results of introducing grass carp. For sites where all submersed macrophytes were eradicated, average turbidity was higher (11 nephelometric turbidity units, NTU) than at sites where macrophytes were controlled to intermediate levels (4 NTU) or unaffected by grass carp grazing (5 NTU). Chlorophyll a was not significantly different between levels of macrophyte control; therefore, we concluded that most of this turbidity was abiotic and not algal. Triploid grass carp were a popular control option and effectively grazed most submersed macrophytes in Washington State. However, calculating stocking rates based on landowner estimates of aquatic plant coverage rarely resulted in intermediate levels of aquatic plant control. Additionally, the effects of particular stocking rates varied considerably. We recommend against using grass carp in Washington lakes where eradication of submersed vegetation cannot be tolerated.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(2002)022<0096:EOTGCO>2.0.CO;2","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Bonar, S.A., Bolding, B., and Divens, M., 2002, Effects of triploid grass carp on aquatic plants, water quality, and public satisfaction in Washington State: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 22, no. 1, p. 96-105, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2002)022<0096:EOTGCO>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"96","endPage":"105","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209435,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2002)022<0096:EOTGCO>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":235874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0815e4b0c8380cd5197a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonar, Scott A.","contributorId":79617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bolding, B.","contributorId":54391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolding","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Divens, M.","contributorId":9439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Divens","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024511,"text":"70024511 - 2002 - Geochemistry of Mesozoic plutons, southern Death Valley region, California: Insights into the origin of Cordilleran interior magmatism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T16:52:24.35854","indexId":"70024511","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of Mesozoic plutons, southern Death Valley region, California: Insights into the origin of Cordilleran interior magmatism","docAbstract":"

Mesozoic granitoid plutons in the southern Death Valley region of southeastern California reveal substantial compositional and isotopic diversity for Mesozoic magmatism in the southwestern US Cordillera. Jurassic plutons of the region are mainly calc-alkaline mafic granodiorites with εNdi of –5 to –16, 87Sr/86Sr i of 0.707–0.726, and 206Pb/204Pb i of 17.5–20.0. Cretaceous granitoids of the region are mainly monzogranites with εNdi of –6 to –19, 87Sr/86Sr i of 0.707–0.723, and 206Pb/204Pb i of 17.4–18.6. The granitoids were generated by mixing of mantle-derived mafic melts and pre-existing crust – some of the Cretaceous plutons represent melting of Paleoproterozoic crust that, in the southern Death Valley region, is exceptionally heterogeneous. A Cretaceous gabbro on the southern flank of the region has an unusually juvenile composition (εNdi –3.2, 87Sr/86Sr i 0.7060). Geographic position of the Mesozoic plutons and comparison with Cordilleran plutonism in the Mojave Desert show that the Precambrian lithosphere (craton margin) in the eastern Mojave Desert region may consists of two crustal blocks separated by a more juvenile terrane.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00410-002-0354-9","usgsCitation":"Ramo, O., Calzia, J., and Kosunen, P., 2002, Geochemistry of Mesozoic plutons, southern Death Valley region, California: Insights into the origin of Cordilleran interior magmatism: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 143, no. 4, p. 416-437, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-002-0354-9.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"416","endPage":"437","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.30126953125,\n 34.67839374011646\n ],\n [\n -115.1531982421875,\n 34.68291096793206\n ],\n [\n -114.63134765625001,\n 34.985003130171066\n ],\n [\n -115.15869140624999,\n 35.42486791930558\n ],\n [\n -115.92224121093749,\n 36.01800375871416\n ],\n [\n -116.78466796875,\n 36.58024660149866\n ],\n [\n -117.32299804687499,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -116.30126953125,\n 34.67839374011646\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"143","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16e5e4b0c8380cd552dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramo, O.T.","contributorId":15067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramo","given":"O.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calzia, J.P.","contributorId":58614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calzia","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kosunen, P.J.","contributorId":94156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kosunen","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}