The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has actively pursued research in the effects of climate change on the hydrology of New England. Ongoing focus areas of climate change science activities of the USGS in New England include the following:
\n• Hydrologic climate-response data (initiating or expanding long-term hydrologic climate-response data collection networks to detect and monitor climate-related changes in hydrology)
• Relations between historical climatic and hydrologic variation (investigating historic relations between long-term climatic variation and hydrologic variation and connecting these relations to future conditions as forecasted by the Interagency Panel on Climate Change (Nakićenović and others, 2000)
• Hydrologic change on natural and human (incorporating climate change scenarios into assessments of how flows in streams or water levels in aquifers may change)
• Relations between climatic and hydrologic variation (characterizing impacts of climate change on floods and droughts, the long-term availability of water supplies for societal and natural uses in response to climate changes)
• Developing tools to forecast ecosystem change and water resources management (developing regionally consistent tools for forecasting ecosystem change and resource management)
This fact sheet presents recent climate change investigations of the USGS in New England using selected recent publications. These publications highlight the broad spectrum of expertise and commitment to understanding the relations of climate change and water resources in New England.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Way, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275
Or visit our Web site at
http://newengland.water.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a long history of working with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and State transportation agencies to provide data and information to address various issues related to water resources and the Nation’s transportation infrastructure. These issues include the following:
\n• Streamgaging data networks
• Flow frequencies and flow statistics
• Water-quality investigations
• Bridge scour and sediment transport
• Hydrologic and hydraulic flood modeling
In New England, the USGS is conducting investigations to improve flood flow estimation techniques, to define channel characteristics at bankfull discharge, and to document storm tide as a result of major coastal storms. Current locally focused investigations include examination of flow frequency in rural, urban, and small watersheds; documentation of extreme inland floods along with flood-frequency updates; examination of the effects of roadway blasting on groundwater quality; and determinations of the effects of road salting on the quality of runoff and receiving waters.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Way, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275
Or visit our Web site at
http://newengland.water.usgs.gov/
Aquifers in New England provide water for human needs and natural ecosystems. In some areas, however, aquifers have been degraded by contaminants from geologic and human sources. In recent decades, the U.S. Geological Survey has been a leader in describing contaminant occurrence in the bedrock and surficial aquifers of New England. In cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies, the U.S. Geological Survey has also studied the vulnerability of groundwater to contaminants, the factors affecting the geographic distribution of contaminants, and the geochemical processes controlling contaminant transport and fate. This fact sheet describes some of the major science needs in the region related to groundwater contaminants and highlights recent U.S. Geological Survey studies that provide a foundation for future investigations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163010","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, Groundwater contaminant science activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in New England: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3010, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163010.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-071183","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319028,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20163011","text":"Fact Sheet 2016-3011","size":"713 KB","description":"FS 2016-3010"},{"id":319026,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20163008","text":"Fact Sheet 2016-3008","size":"1.08 MB","description":"FS 2016-3010"},{"id":319027,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20163009","text":"Fact Sheet 2016-3009","size":"1.10 MB","description":"FS 2016-3010"},{"id":319025,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3010/fs20163010.pdf","text":"Report","size":"871 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":319024,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3010/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":319029,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20163012","text":"Fact Sheet 2016-3012","size":"1 MB","description":"FS 2016-3010"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"New England","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.6630859375,\n 44.96479793033101\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -79.1455078125,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -74.8388671875,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -69.60937499999999,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -70.2685546875,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -69.873046875,\n 43.29320031385282\n ],\n [\n -66.5771484375,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n 45.706179285330855\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n 47.010225655683485\n ],\n [\n -67.939453125,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -69.4775390625,\n 47.487513008956554\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 45.27488643704891\n ],\n [\n -71.4990234375,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n -74.6630859375,\n 44.96479793033101\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Way, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275
Or visit our Web site at
http://newengland.water.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has many ongoing and recent water-related natural hazard activities in New England that can be used to help mitigate the effects of natural hazards in cooperation with other agencies. The themes related to potential hazards and the tools and science to better understand and address them include the following:
\nErosion and landslides
• Fluvial erosion (sediment transport, bridge scour, and bankfull channel geometry characterization)
• Current and historic landslide mapping
Flood documentation and assessment
• Flood high-water marks
• Flood modeling and frequency analysis
• Flood inundation mapping
• Peak-flow regression equations
Drought documentation and assessment
• Drought frequency analysis
• Low-flow frequency and flow duration statistics
• Water use and availability during drought
Hydrologic monitoring
• Streamflow monitoring network
• Groundwater monitoring network
• Tidal monitoring network
• Snow surveys and ice jam monitoring
Tools for natural hazard assessment and mitigation
• Light detection and ranging (lidar) remote sensing technology
• StreamStats Web-based tool for streamflow statistics
• Flood inundation mapper
Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Way, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275
Or visit our Web site at
http://newengland.water.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborates with a variety of Federal, State, local, and tribal partners on scientific projects to provide reliable and impartial water-quality data and interpretation to resource managers, planners, stakeholders, and the general public. The themes related to surface water quality include the following:
\n• Water quality monitoring networks
• Effects of best management practices and low impact development on water quality
• Load estimation techniques and total maximum daily load assistance
• Mercury studies
• Toxics and emerging contaminants
• Eutrophication and nuisance algal blooms
Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Way, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275
Or visit our Web site at
http://newengland.water.usgs.gov/
The Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) is a mosaic of river channels, backwater lakes, floodplain forests, and emergent marshes. This complex mosaic supports diverse aquatic and terrestrial plant communities, over 150 fish species; 40 freshwater mussel species; 50 amphibian and reptile species; and over 360 bird species, many of which use the UMRS as a critical migratory route. The river and floodplain are also hotspots for biogeochemical activity as the river-floodplain collects and processes nutrients derived from the UMR basin. These features qualify the UMRS as a Ramsar wetland of international significance.
Two centuries of land-use change, including construction for navigation and conversion of large areas to agriculture, has altered the broad-scale structure of the river and changed local environmental conditions in many areas. Such changes have affected rates of nutrient processing and transport, as well as the abundance of various fish, mussel, plant, and bird species. However, the magnitude and spatial scale of these effects are not well quantified, especially in regards to the best methods and locations for restoring various aspects of the river ecosystem.
The U.S. Congress declared the navigable portions of the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) a “nationally significant ecosystem and nationally significant commercial navigation system” in the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-662) and launched the Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) Program, the first comprehensive program for ecosystem restoration, monitoring, and research on a large river system. This fact sheet focuses on landscape ecological studies conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey to support decision making by the UMRR with respect to ecosystem restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163007","collaboration":"A Product of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) Program","usgsCitation":"De Jager, N., 2016, Landscape Ecology of the Upper Mississippi River System: Lessons learned, challenges and opportunities. U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3007, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163007.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041434","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318908,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3007/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":318909,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3007/fs20163007.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.58 MB","description":"FS 2016-3007"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.62646484375,\n 36.4566360115962\n ],\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -93.93310546875,\n 39.7240885773337\n ],\n [\n -95.44921875,\n 40.48038142908172\n ],\n [\n -96.328125,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 44.26093725039923\n ],\n [\n -96.52587890625,\n 45.19752230305685\n ],\n [\n -95.108642578125,\n 46.21785176740299\n ],\n [\n -94.09790039062499,\n 46.39998810407942\n ],\n [\n -92.735595703125,\n 46.51351558059737\n ],\n [\n -92.17529296875,\n 46.44542749723387\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 44.94924926661153\n ],\n [\n -89.197998046875,\n 43.40504748787035\n ],\n [\n -88.22021484375,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -87.791748046875,\n 42.439674178149424\n ],\n [\n -87.60498046875,\n 40.830436877649255\n ],\n [\n -88.187255859375,\n 38.993572058209466\n ],\n [\n -88.53881835937499,\n 37.52715361723378\n ],\n [\n -89.527587890625,\n 36.5184659896759\n ],\n [\n -89.62646484375,\n 36.4566360115962\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center
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Mercury is a globally distributed pollutant that threatens human and ecosystem health. Even protected areas, such as national parks, are subjected to mercury contamination because it is delivered through atmospheric deposition, often after long-range transport. In aquatic ecosystems, certain environmental conditions can promote microbial processes that convert inorganic mercury to an organic form (methylmercury). Methylmercury biomagnifies through food webs and is a potent neurotoxicant and endocrine disruptor. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the University of Maine, and the National Park Service (NPS) Air Resources Division are working in partnership at more than 50 national parks across the United States, and with citizen scientists as key participants in data collection, to develop dragonfly nymphs as biosentinels for mercury in aquatic food webs. To validate the use of these biosentinels, and gain a better understanding of the connection between biotic and abiotic pools of mercury, this project also includes collection of landscape data and surface-water chemistry including mercury, methylmercury, pH, sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon and sediment mercury concentration. Because of the wide geographic scope of the research, the project also provides a nationwide “snapshot” of mercury in primarily undeveloped watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163005","collaboration":"This work is funded by the USGS-NPS Water Quality Partnership with additional support from National Park Service and University of Maine","usgsCitation":"Eagles-Smith, C.A., Nelson, S.J., Willacker, J.J., Jr., Flanagan Pritz, C.M., and Krabbbenhoft, D.P., 2016, Dragonfly Mercury Project—A citizen science driven approach to linking surface-water chemistry and landscape characteristics to biosentinels on a national scale: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016-3005, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163005.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; HTML Document; Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-071815","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science 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U.S. Geological Survey
777 NW 9th St., Suite 400
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
http://fresc.usgs.gov/
Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, scientific research, national security, recreation, and many others. For the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, elevation data are critical for flood risk management, landslide mitigation, natural resources conservation, sea level rise and subsidence, coastal zone management, infrastructure and construction management, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, U.S. territorial, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.
The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States, Hawaii, and selected U.S. territories, and quality level 5 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IfSAR) data for Alaska, all with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle, provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A‒16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other three-dimensional (3D) representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.
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U.S. Geological Survey
511 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
http://www.usgs.gov/ngpo/
http://nationalmap.gov/3DEP/
The Edwards aquifer is an important water resource in south-central Texas, providing water for residents, businesses, and ecosystems. The aquifer is a highly complex karst system characterized by areas of rapid groundwater flow, faulted and fractured Cretaceous-age rocks, and multiple water-quality zones. Karst aquifer systems include soluble rocks such as limestone and dolomite that can convey tremendous amounts of water through dissolution-enhanced faults and fractures. Recent sustained droughts (2011–15) have heightened concerns about the possible effects of drought on this vital water resource.
\nThe Edwards aquifer consists of three water-quality zones. The freshwater zone of the Edwards aquifer is bounded to the south by a zone of brackish water (transition zone) where the aquifer transitions from fresh to saline water. The saline zone is downdip from the transition zone. There is concern that a recurrence of extreme drought, such as the 7-year drought from 1950 through 1956, could cause the transition zone to move toward (encroach upon) the freshwater zone, causing production wells near the transition zone to pump saltier water. There is also concern of drought effects on spring flows from Comal and San Marcos Springs. These concerns were evaluated through the development of a new numerical model of the Edwards aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Foster, L.K., and White, J.T., 2016, New insights into the Edwards aquifer—Brackish-water simulation, drought, and the role of uncertainty analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3002, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163002.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070683","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3002/coverthbr.jpg"},{"id":316353,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3002/fs20163002.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3002"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 30.774878871959746\n ],\n [\n -100.62377929687499,\n 29.080175989623203\n ],\n [\n -99.82177734375,\n 27.994401411046173\n ],\n [\n -96.866455078125,\n 29.864465259258\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 30.774878871959746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754
http://tx.usgs.gov
Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey assessed undiscovered, technically recoverable mean resources of 787 billion cubic feet of conventional gas and 1,630 billion cubic feet of unconventional gas in the Thrace Basin, Turkey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163001","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Klett, T.R., Tennyson, M.E., Pitman, J.K., Gaswirth, S.B., Le, P.A., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Mercier, T.J., Marra, K.R., Hawkins, S.J., and Brownfield, M.E., 2016, Assessment of undiscovered gas resources of the Thrace Basin, Turkey, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3001, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163001.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070442","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314887,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3001/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":314888,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3001/fs20163001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.53 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3001"}],"country":"Turkey","otherGeospatial":"Thrace Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n 29.102783203125,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n 29.102783203125,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 40.49709237269567\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) installed the first gage to measure the flow of water into California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta from the Sacramento River in the late 1800s. Today, a network of 35 hydro-acoustic meters measure flow throughout the delta. This region is a critical part of California’s freshwater supply and conveyance system. With the data provided by this flow-station network—sampled every 15 minutes and updated to the web every hour—state and federal water managers make daily decisions about how much freshwater can be pumped for human use, at which locations, and when. Fish and wildlife scientists, working with water managers, also use this information to protect fish species affected by pumping and loss of habitat. The data are also used to help determine the success or failure of efforts to restore ecosystem processes in what has been called the “most managed and highly altered” watershed in the country.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153061","usgsCitation":"Burau, J.R., Ruhl, C.A., and Work, P.A., 2016, Innovation in Monitoring: The U.S. Geological Survey Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, California, Flow-Station Network: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3061, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153061.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044692","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":315073,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3061/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":315074,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3061/fs20153061.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3061 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento River, San Joaquin River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 37.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
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6000 J Street, Placer Hall
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http://ca.water.usgs.gov
Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey assessed a technically recoverable mean resource of 8.3 trillion cubic feet of unconventional tight gas in the Zona Glauconitica of the Magallanes Basin Province, Chile.
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U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov/
Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean resources of 28 trillion cubic feet of tight gas and 5.6 trillion cubic feet of coalbed gas in upper Paleozoic rocks in the Ordos Basin Province, China.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153087","usgsCitation":"Charpentier, R.R., Klett, T.R., Schenk, C.J., Brownfield, M.E., Gaswirth, S.B., Le, P.A., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Marra, K.R., and Mercier, T.J., 2016, Assessment of undiscovered continuous gas resources of the Ordos Basin Province, China, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3087, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153087.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069150","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313993,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3087/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":313994,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3087/fs20153087.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3087"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Ordos Basin Province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 107.09472656249999,\n 34.65128519895413\n ],\n [\n 111.55517578125,\n 34.65128519895413\n ],\n [\n 111.55517578125,\n 41.918628865183045\n ],\n [\n 107.09472656249999,\n 41.918628865183045\n ],\n [\n 107.09472656249999,\n 34.65128519895413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS–939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225–0046
http://energy.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) uses data collection, modeling tools, and scientific analysis to help water managers plan for, and assess, hydrologic issues that can cause “undesirable results” associated with groundwater use. This information helps managers understand trends and investigate and predict effects of different groundwater-management strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153084","usgsCitation":"Phillips, S.P., Rogers, L.L., Faunt, C.C., 2015, Sustainable groundwater management in California (ver. 2.2, February 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3084, 8 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153084","productDescription":"8 p.","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069819","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318306,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3084/versionHist.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":311779,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3084/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":311780,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3084/fs20153084.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3084"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -119.99267578124999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -120.05859375,\n 39.01064750994083\n ],\n [\n -114.6533203125,\n 35.04798673426734\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 34.831841149828655\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 34.74161249883172\n ],\n [\n -114.27978515625,\n 34.43409789359469\n ],\n [\n -114.10400390625,\n 34.21634468843465\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -114.41162109375,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -114.45556640625,\n 33.52307880890422\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 33.394759218577995\n ],\n [\n -114.58740234375,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -114.71923828124999,\n 33.04550781490999\n ],\n [\n -114.43359375,\n 33.04550781490999\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 32.861132322810946\n ],\n [\n -114.49951171875,\n 32.694865977875075\n ],\n [\n -114.697265625,\n 32.657875736955305\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 32.491230287947594\n ],\n [\n -117.35595703124999,\n 32.91648534731439\n ],\n [\n -117.53173828125,\n 33.100745405144245\n ],\n [\n -117.92724609375,\n 33.46810795527896\n ],\n [\n -118.27880859375001,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -118.41064453125,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -118.67431640625,\n 33.87041555094183\n ],\n [\n -118.98193359375,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -119.50927734374999,\n 34.23451236236984\n ],\n [\n -119.7509765625,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -120.234375,\n 34.252676117101515\n ],\n [\n -120.58593749999999,\n 34.361576287484176\n ],\n [\n -120.78369140624999,\n 34.56085936708384\n ],\n [\n -120.7177734375,\n 35.08395557927643\n ],\n [\n -121.09130859375,\n 35.209721645221386\n ],\n [\n -121.09130859375,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -122.10205078125,\n 36.24427318493909\n ],\n [\n -122.10205078125,\n 36.5978891330702\n ],\n [\n -121.92626953124999,\n 36.721273880045004\n ],\n [\n -121.9482421875,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -122.16796875,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -122.58544921875,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -122.6513671875,\n 37.42252593456307\n ],\n [\n -122.62939453125001,\n 37.71859032558816\n ],\n [\n -122.84912109375,\n 37.89219554724437\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 37.89219554724437\n ],\n [\n -123.06884765625,\n 38.11727165830543\n ],\n [\n -123.06884765625,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -123.33251953125,\n 38.39333888832238\n ],\n [\n -123.85986328124999,\n 38.839707613545144\n ],\n [\n -123.837890625,\n 38.993572058209466\n ],\n [\n -123.90380859374999,\n 39.232253141714885\n ],\n [\n -123.8818359375,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -124.01367187499999,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 40.26276066437183\n ],\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 40.613952441166596\n ],\n [\n -124.25537109375,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 41.02964338716638\n ],\n [\n -124.25537109375,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -124.12353515624999,\n 41.475660200278234\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n -124.3212890625,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 42.01665183556825\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted December 1, 2015; Version 2.2: February, 2016","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Hawaii, elevation data are critical for infrastructure and construction management, flood risk management, geologic resource assessment and hazard mitigation, natural resources conservation, coastal zone management, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, U.S. territorial, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.
The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States, Hawaii, and selected U.S. territories, and quality level 5 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IfSAR) data for Alaska, all with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle, provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other three-dimensional (3D) representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143079","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2016, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Hawaii (Version 1: Originally posted September 12, 2014; Version 1.1: February 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3079, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143079.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057032","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293834,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3079/pdf/fs20143079.pdf","size":"301 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2014-3079"},{"id":293835,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3079/images/coverthb4.jpg"},{"id":317987,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version 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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted September 12, 2014; Version 1.1: February 2016","contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey
511 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
http://www.usgs.gov/ngpo/
http://nationalmap.gov/3DEP/
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Geospatial Program is scanning published USGS 1:250,000-scale and larger topographic maps printed between 1884, the inception of the topographic mapping program, and 2006. The goal of this scanning, which started in 2011, is to provide a digital repository of USGS topographic maps, available to the public at no cost. For more than 125 years, the USGS topographic maps have accurately portrayed the complex geography of the Nation. The USGS is the Nation’s largest producer of printed topographic maps, and, prior to 2006, USGS topographic maps were created using traditional cartographic methods and printed using a lithographic process. As the USGS continues release of a new generation of topographic maps (US Topo) in electronic form, the topographic map remains an indispensable tool for government, science, industry, land management planning, and leisure.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113009(VERSION2.0)","collaboration":"Historical Topographic Map Collection","usgsCitation":"Davis, L.R., and Carswell, W., 2015, Scanning and georeferencing historical USGS quadrangles (ver. 2.0, May 2015) (2): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3009, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113009(VERSION2.0).","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062257","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307983,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3009/","text":"USGS Index page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":307980,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3009/pdf/fs2011-3009.pdf","text":"Report","size":"514 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb6f8e4b058f706e53e6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Larry R. 0000-0003-2479-7432 lrdavis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2479-7432","contributorId":4655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Larry","email":"lrdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carswell, William J. Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":140026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159548,"text":"fs20153078 - 2015 - Assessment of undiscovered shale gas and shale oil resources in the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province, North-Central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T15:02:56","indexId":"fs20153078","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-17T10:35:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3078","title":"Assessment of undiscovered shale gas and shale oil resources in the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province, North-Central Texas","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean volumes of 53 trillion cubic feet of shale gas, 172 million barrels of shale oil, and 176 million barrels of natural gas liquids in the Barnett Shale of the Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province of Texas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153078","usgsCitation":"Marra, K.R., Charpentier, R.R., Schenk, C.J., Lewan, M.D., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Klett, T.R., Gaswirth, S.B., Le, P.A., Mercier, T.J., Pitman, J.K., and Tennyson, M.E., 2015, Assessment of undiscovered shale gas and shale oil resources in the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province, north-central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3078, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153078.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069192","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3078/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":312039,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3078/fs20153078.pdf"},{"id":349490,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175102","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5102","linkHelpText":"Procedure for Calculating Estimated Ultimate Recoveries of Wells in the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin Province of North-Central Texas"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.37060546875,\n 29.017748018496047\n ],\n [\n -102.37060546875,\n 35.33529320309331\n ],\n [\n -94.4384765625,\n 35.33529320309331\n ],\n [\n -94.4384765625,\n 29.017748018496047\n ],\n [\n -102.37060546875,\n 29.017748018496047\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov/
Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) are finding evidence of a much wetter past in the deserts of the American Southwest using a most unlikely source—wetlands. Wetlands form in arid environments where water tables approach or breach the ground surface. Often thought of as stagnant and unchanging, new evidence suggests that springs and wetlands responded dynamically to past episodes of abrupt climate change. Multiple cycles of deposition, erosion, and soil formation show that wetlands in the southwestern United States expanded and contracted many times during the past 35,000 years or so, before disappearing altogether as the last glacial period came to a close. USGS scientists are now studying the deposits to determine how closely conditions in the desert were tied to regional and global climate patterns in the past, and what it might mean for the fragile ecosystems in light of anticipated climate change in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153077","usgsCitation":"Pigati, J.S., Springer, K.B., and Manker, C.R., 2015, Desert wetlands—Archives of a wetter past: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3077, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153077.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064809","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312276,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3077/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":312277,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3077/fs20153077.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.38 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3077"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.92224121093749,\n 34.89268966339912\n ],\n [\n -114.46929931640624,\n 34.89268966339912\n ],\n [\n -114.46929931640624,\n 36.42570252039198\n ],\n [\n -115.92224121093749,\n 36.42570252039198\n ],\n [\n -115.92224121093749,\n 34.89268966339912\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
http://gec.cr.usgs.gov/
The economic vitality and national security of the United States depend on the reliable supply of numerous nonfuel mineral commodities. Over the past six decades, many of these commodities have been sourced increasingly from outside the United States. The mix of commodities for which the United States is import dependent has changed as technologies have advanced, as substitute materials have been developed, and as world economies have changed. Although reliance on imports is only one of the many factors that determine supply risk, a clear, long-term trend has emerged from the data compiled and published by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center (USGS–NMIC), and its predecessor organizations. Because the global distribution of mineral resources and reserves is not uniform, the United States has always been import reliant for some mineral commodities. Essentially, the type of commodities and the countries from which they are sourced determine risk related to import dependence. In light of projections that 2.5 billion to 3 billion people globally could move into the middle class by 2030, the demand for many types of mineral commodities is likely to continue to increase. Recent concerns regarding so-called “critical minerals” have been driven by market dislocations in the rare-earth-element supply chain in 2010 that resulted from a short-term policy decision by the Government of the People’s Republic of China to limit exports. That policy has since been changed as a result of actions by the World Trade Organization, but the events that followed, such as higher prices and intensive efforts to diversify sources of supply, illustrate the underlying issues of supply risk and the influence that disruptions can have on supply. These factors are often used in the classification of a mineral commodity as “critical.”
\nThe USGS–NMIC collects, analyzes, and disseminates information on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis for more than 90 nonfuel mineral commodities from more than 180 countries. These data indicate that from 1954 through 2014 there was (1) a clear increase in the number and type of nonfuel mineral commodities for which the United States was net import reliant, (2) an increase in the percentage of import reliance for individual nonfuel mineral commodities, and (3) a shift in the geographic distribution of the source countries.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153082","usgsCitation":"Fortier, S.M., DeYoung, J.H., Jr., Sangine, E.S., and Schnebele, E.K., 2015, Comparison of U.S. net import reliance for nonfuel mineral commodities—A 60-year retrospective (1954–1984–2014): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3082, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153082.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069937","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312149,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3082/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":312150,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3082/fs20153082.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3082"}],"contact":"Director, National Minerals Information Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
988 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
Email: nmicrecordsmgt@usgs.gov
Or visit the USGS Minerals Information Web site at http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-12-14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566fe82ae4b09cfe53ca7951","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fortier, Steven M. sfortier@usgs.gov","contributorId":140391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortier","given":"Steven M.","email":"sfortier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeYoung, Jr. 0000-0003-1169-6026 jdeyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-6026","contributorId":523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeYoung","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jdeyoung@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sangine, Elizabeth S. escottsangine@usgs.gov","contributorId":5806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sangine","given":"Elizabeth","email":"escottsangine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schnebele, Emily K. eschnebele@usgs.gov","contributorId":139796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnebele","given":"Emily","email":"eschnebele@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159654,"text":"fs20153079 - 2015 - Shift in Global Tantalum Mine Production, 2000–2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-02T13:22:21","indexId":"fs20153079","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-10T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3079","title":"Shift in Global Tantalum Mine Production, 2000–2014","docAbstract":"Tantalum has a unique set of properties that make it useful in a number of diverse applications. The ability of the metal to store and release electrical energy makes it ideally suited for use in certain types of capacitors that are widely used in modern electronics. Approximately 60 percent of global tantalum consumption is in the electronics industry. The ductility and corrosion resistance of the metal lends itself to application in the chemical processing industry, and its high melting point and high strength retention at elevated temperatures make it an important component of super alloys used in aircraft engines.
\nAs a major industrialized nation, the United States is a leading consumer of tantalum and tantalum-containing products. Domestic deposits typically are of low grade, and no tantalum has been recovered from mining activities in the United States since 1959. Consequently, the United States is nearly completely reliant on imports to meet its domestic consumption of tantalum for economic and national security needs. The recovery of tantalum from mine production is economically viable in only a few countries.
\nAlthough developed countries dominated tantalum mine production in the early 2000s, production today is dominated by countries in the Great Lakes Region of Africa. There is concern that the sales of minerals, including columbite-tantalite or “coltan,” a mineral from which tantalum is derived, have helped finance rebel groups accused of violating human rights as part of the continuing armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and neighboring countries. These accusations have prompted the passage of legislation in the United States to curb the procurement of these mineral commodities, referred to as “conflict minerals,” from the DRC. Specifically, section 1502 of the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Public Law 111–203, 124 Stat. 2213–2218) requires companies that source tantalum, tin, tungsten, and gold (3TG) to perform due diligence on their supply chains to determine if the materials they use originate from the DRC or adjoining countries (defined as sharing a border with the DRC).
\nThe DRC, Rwanda, and surrounding countries are not globally significant sources of tin, tungsten, or gold, accounting for only about 2 percent of the mined world supply for each of these elements. The region has, however, evolved to become the world’s largest producer of mined tantalum.
\nA further complication of the production of tantalum stems from the opacity of the tantalum market. Unlike most base and precious metals, tantalum concentrates are not publicly traded through commodities exchanges but are bought and sold through networks of dealers and on contract between producers and consumers, some of whom may not provide accurate statistical data concerning the amounts, origins, and destination of the concentrates. Some price data can be found in trade journals or in other publications; however, there are no recognized official set exchange prices for either concentrate or tantalum metal. Because price is determined by negotiation between buyer and seller, published prices for concentrate are probably not representative of global prices paid for concentrate. The development of a mine-to-market supply-chain analysis is complicated and difficult because many of the industry participants that produce, trade, and consume tantalum do not publish statistical information, contracts are long term between miners and buyers, and much of the industry is vertically integrated.
\nAs a result of these and other considerations, tantalum is considered by many to be a “critical” commodity. This fact sheet identifies and addresses the major geographic shifts in the source of mine production of tantalum which have occurred over the past 15 years, some of the factors that drove this shift, and some of the related consequences.
\nOne of the activities of the U.S. Geological Survey National Minerals Information Center (USGS-NMIC) is to analyze global supply chains and characterize major components of mineral and material flows from ore extraction through processing to first tier products. These analyses support the core mission of the USGS-NMIC as the Federal entity responsible for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of objective, unbiased, factual information on minerals essential to the U.S. economy and national security.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153079","usgsCitation":"Bleiwas, D.I., Papp, J.F., and Yager, T.R., 2015, Shift in global tantalum mine production, 2000–2014: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3079, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153079.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070022","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312092,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3079/fs20153079.pdf","text":"Report","size":"469 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3079"},{"id":312091,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3079/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, National Minerals Information Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
988 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
Email: nmicrecordsmgt@usgs.gov
Or visit the USGS Minerals Information Web site at http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-12-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566aa23ee4b09cfe53ca44df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bleiwas, Donald I. bleiwas@usgs.gov","contributorId":1434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleiwas","given":"Donald","email":"bleiwas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papp, John F. jpapp@usgs.gov","contributorId":2895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papp","given":"John","email":"jpapp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yager, Thomas R. tyager@usgs.gov","contributorId":499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Thomas","email":"tyager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70158596,"text":"fs20153069 - 2015 - Assessment of undiscovered sandstone-hosted uranium resources in the Texas Coastal Plain, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T08:44:53","indexId":"fs20153069","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-02T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3069","title":"Assessment of undiscovered sandstone-hosted uranium resources in the Texas Coastal Plain, 2015","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey estimated a mean of 220 million pounds of recoverable uranium oxide (U3O8 ) remaining as potential undiscovered resources in southern Texas. This estimate used a geology-based assessment method for Tertiary sandstone-hosted uranium deposits in the Texas Coastal Plain sedimentary strata (fig.1).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153069","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Assessment Team, 2015, Assessment of undiscovered sandstone-hosted uranium resources in the Texas Coastal Plain, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3069, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153069.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066466","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311278,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3069/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":311279,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3069/fs20153069.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3069"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 26.15543796871355\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 25.760319754713887\n ],\n [\n -97.998046875,\n 26.07652055985697\n ],\n [\n -98.4375,\n 26.115985925333536\n ],\n [\n -99.0966796875,\n 26.509904531413927\n ],\n [\n -99.5361328125,\n 27.21555620902969\n ],\n [\n -100.2392578125,\n 27.839076094777816\n ],\n [\n -100.8544921875,\n 29.113775395114416\n ],\n [\n -101.2060546875,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n -101.0302734375,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -99.052734375,\n 30.93992433102347\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n -96.416015625,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -95.4052734375,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -95.361328125,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -94.5703125,\n 33.687781758439364\n ],\n [\n -93.955078125,\n 33.137551192346145\n ],\n [\n -94.1748046875,\n 31.615965936476076\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -93.8232421875,\n 30.372875188118016\n ],\n [\n -93.603515625,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -93.8232421875,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -94.7900390625,\n 29.458731185355344\n ],\n [\n -95.09765625,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -95.6689453125,\n 28.69058765425071\n ],\n [\n -96.1083984375,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 27.800209937418252\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 27.0982539061379\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 26.58852714730864\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 26.15543796871355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) concept of a national census (or accounting) of water resources has evolved over the last several decades as the Nation has experienced increasing concern over water availability for multiple competing uses. The implementation of a USGS National Water Census was described in the USGS 2007 science strategy document that identified the highest priority science topics for the decade 2007–17. In 2009, the SECURE Water Act (Public Law 111–11, subtitle F) authorized the USGS to create a Water Availability and Use Assessment Program for the Nation, and in 2012, the Department of the Interior WaterSMART initiative provided funding to begin implementation of the USGS National Water Census (NWC).
\nGenerally, the USGS NWC approaches water-availability assessment in terms of a “water budget.” The water-budget approach seeks to better quantify the inflows and outflows of water, as well as the change in storage volume, both nationally and at a regional scale and, by doing so, provides critical information to managers and stakeholders responsible for making water-availability decisions. The NWC has two primary components: Topical Studies and Geographic Focus Area Studies. Topical Studies do research on methods that can provide nationwide estimates of particular water-budget components at the subwatershed scale. Some examples of NWC Topical Studies include estimation of streamflow at ungaged locations; periodic quantification of evapotranspiration; and water use related to development of unconventional oil and gas. These efforts are planned to include additional topics in the future. Geographic Focus Area Studies (FASs) assess water availability and use within a defined geographic area, typically a surface-water drainage basin, to increase the understanding of factors affecting water availability in the region. In the FASs, local stakeholder input helps the USGS identify what components of the water budget are in most need of additional understanding or quantification. Focus Area Studies are planned as 3-year efforts and, typically, three FASs are ongoing in different parts of the country at any given time.
\nThe Colorado River Basin (CRB) and the Delaware and Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River Basins were selected by the Department of the Interior for the first round of FASs because of the perceived water shortages in the basins and potential conflicts over water supply and allocations. After gathering input from numerous stakeholders in the CRB, the USGS determined that surface-water resources in the basin were already being closely monitored and that the most important scientific contribution could be made by helping to improve estimates of four water-budget components: evapotranspiration losses, snowpack hydrodynamics, water-use information, and the relative importance of groundwater discharge in supporting streamflow across the basin. The purpose of this fact sheet is to provide a brief summary of the CRB FAS results as the study nears completion. Although some project results are still in the later stages of review and publication, this fact sheet provides an overall description of the work completed and cites the publications in which additional information can be found.
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Science Program
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12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
988 National Center
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http://water.usgs.gov/watercensus/
Since 1972, Landsat satellites have continuously acquired space-based images of the Earth’s land surface, providing data that serve as valuable resources for land use/land change research. The data are useful to a number of applications including forestry, agriculture, geology, regional planning, and education. Landsat is a joint effort of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). NASA develops remote sensing instruments and the spacecraft, then launches and validates the performance of the instruments and satellites. The USGS then assumes ownership and operation of the satellites, in addition to managing all ground reception, data archiving, product generation, and data distribution. The result of this program is an unprecedented continuing record of natural and human-induced changes on the global landscape.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153081","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2015, Landsat—Earth observation satellites (ver. 1.4, August 2022): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3081, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153081.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068422","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311694,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3081/coverthb5.jpg"},{"id":405531,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3081/fs20153081.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015–3081"},{"id":405532,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3081/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"13.9 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"FS 2015–3081 Version History"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: November 25, 2015; Version 1.1: August 22, 2016; Version 1.2: April 8, 2020; Version 1.3: August 3, 2022; Version 1.4: August 24, 2022","contact":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
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Next-Generation Radar (NEXRAD) has become an integral component in the estimation of precipitation (Kitzmiller and others, 2013). The high spatial and temporal resolution of NEXRAD has revolutionized the ability to estimate precipitation across vast regions, which is especially beneficial in areas without a dense rain-gage network. With the improved precipitation estimates, hydrologic models can produce reliable streamflow forecasts for areas across the United States. NEXRAD data from the National Weather Service (NWS) has been an invaluable tool used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for numerous projects and studies; NEXRAD data processing techniques similar to those discussed in this Fact Sheet have been developed within the USGS, including the NWS Quantitative Precipitation Estimates archive developed by Blodgett (2013).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153076","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the DuPage County Stormwater Management Department","usgsCitation":"Ortel, T.W., and Spies, R.R., 2015, NEXRAD Quantitative precipitation estimates, data acquisition, and processing for the DuPage County, Illinois, streamflow-simulation modeling system: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3076, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153076.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057259","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3076/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":311539,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3076/fs20153076.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3076"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","county":"DuPage County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.49212646484374,\n 41.281934557995356\n ],\n [\n -88.49212646484374,\n 42.04929263868686\n ],\n [\n -87.6104736328125,\n 42.04929263868686\n ],\n [\n -87.6104736328125,\n 41.281934557995356\n ],\n [\n -88.49212646484374,\n 41.281934557995356\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Illinois Water Science Center
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405 North Goodwin Avenue
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Phone: (217) 328–USGS (8747)
http://il.water.usgs.gov/
The Great Lakes face a number of serious challenges that cause damage to water quality, habitat, ecology, and coastal health. Excess nutrients from point and nonpoint sources have a history of causing harmful algal blooms (HABs); since the late 1990s, a resurgence of HABs have forced beach closures and resulted in water quality impairments across the Great Lakes. Studies increasingly point to phosphorus (P) runoff from agricultural lands as the cause of these HABs. In 2010, the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) was launched to revitalize the Great Lakes. The GLRI aims to address the challenges facing the Great Lakes and provide a framework for restoration and protection. As part of this effort, the Priority Watersheds Work Group (PWWG), cochaired by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA–NRCS), is targeting Priority Watersheds (PWs) to reduce the amount of P reaching the Great Lakes. Within the PWs, USDA–NRCS identifies small-scale subbasins with high concentrations of agriculture for coordinated nutrient reduction efforts and enhanced monitoring and modeling. The USDA–NRCS supplies financial and/or technical assistance to producers to install or implement best management practices (BMPs) to lessen the negative effects of agriculture to water quality; additional funding is provided by the GLRI through USDA–NRCS to saturate the small-scale subbasins with BMPs. The watershed modeling component, introduced in this fact sheet, assesses the effectiveness of USDA–NRCS funded BMPs, and nutrient reductions because of GLRI or other funding programs are differentiated. Modeling scenarios consider BMPs that have already been applied and those planned to be implemented across the small-scale subbasins.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153066","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service","usgsCitation":"Merriman, K.R., 2015, Development of an assessment tool for agricultural best management practice implementation in the Great Lakes restoration initiative priority watersheds—Eagle Creek, tributary to Maumee River, Ohio: U.S. U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3066, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153066.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070205","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311089,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3066/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":311090,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3066/fs20153066.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3066"},{"id":311091,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20153065","text":"Fact Sheet 2015-3065","size":"1.20 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3066"},{"id":311092,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20153067","text":"Fact Sheet 2015-3067","size":"1.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3066"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Eagle Creek, Maumee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.72749328613281,\n 40.730608477796636\n ],\n [\n -83.72749328613281,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -83.57574462890625,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -83.57574462890625,\n 40.730608477796636\n ],\n [\n -83.72749328613281,\n 40.730608477796636\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Illinois Water Science Center
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405 N. Goodwin Ave.
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http://il.water.usgs.gov