{"pageNumber":"302","pageRowStart":"7525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16506,"records":[{"id":70026270,"text":"70026270 - 2004 - Winter orographic precipitation ratios in the Sierra Nevada: Large-scale atmospheric circulations and hydrologic consequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:04:52","indexId":"70026270","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter orographic precipitation ratios in the Sierra Nevada: Large-scale atmospheric circulations and hydrologic consequences","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>The extent to which winter precipitation is orographically enhanced within the Sierra Nevada of California varies from storm to storm, and season to season, from occasions when precipitation rates at low and high altitudes are almost the same to instances when precipitation rates at middle elevations (considered here) can be as much as 30 times more than at the base of the range. Analyses of large-scale conditions associated with orographic precipitation variations during storms and seasons from 1954 to 1999 show that strongly orographic storms most commonly have winds that transport water vapor across the range from a more nearly westerly direction than during less orographic storms and than during the largest overall storms, and generally the strongly orographic storms are less convectively stable. Strongly orographic conditions often follow heavy precipitation events because both of these wind conditions are present in midlatitude cyclones that form the cores of many Sierra Nevada storms. Storms during La Niña winters tend to yield larger orographic ratios (ORs) than do those during El Niños. A simple experiment with a model of streamflows from a river basin draining the central Sierra Nevada indicates that, for a fixed overall basin-precipitation amount, a decrease in OR contributes to larger winter flood peaks and smaller springtime flows, and thus to an overall hastening of the runoff season.</p></div></div><div class=\"NLM_author-notes\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"AMS","doi":"10.1175/JHM-390.1","issn":"1525755X","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M., Redmond, K., and Cayan, D., 2004, Winter orographic precipitation ratios in the Sierra Nevada: Large-scale atmospheric circulations and hydrologic consequences: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 5, no. 6, p. 1102-1116, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-390.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1102","endPage":"1116","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478192,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-390.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":234397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208571,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM-390.1"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","volume":"5","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd158e4b08c986b32f396","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, M. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":78909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Redmond, K.","contributorId":48355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redmond","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cayan, D.","contributorId":49563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70026357,"text":"70026357 - 2004 - Baseflow contribution to nitrate-nitrogen export from a large, agricultural watershed, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:37","indexId":"70026357","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Baseflow contribution to nitrate-nitrogen export from a large, agricultural watershed, USA","docAbstract":"Nitrate-nitrogen export from the Raccoon River watershed in west-central Iowa is among the highest in the United State and contributes to impairment of downstream water quality. We examined a rare long-term record of streamflow and nitrate concentration data (1972-2000) to evaluate annual and seasonal patterns of nitrate losses in streamflow and baseflow from the Raccoon River. Combining hydrograph separation with a load estimation program, we estimated that baseflow contributes approximately two-thirds (17.3 kg/ha) of the mean annual nitrate export (26.1 kg/ha). Baseflow transport was greatest in spring and late fall when baseflow contributed more than 80% of the total export. Herein we propose a 'baseflow enrichment ratio' (BER) to describe the relation of baseflow water with baseflow nitrate loads. The long-term ratio of 1.23 for the Raccoon River suggests preferential leaching of nitrate to baseflow. Seasonal patterns of the BER identified the strong link between the baseflow nitrate loads and seasonal crop nitrogen requirements. Study results demonstrate the utility of assessing the baseflow contribution to nitrate loads to identify appropriate control strategies for reducing baseflow delivery of nitrate. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.010","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K., and Zhang, Y., 2004, Baseflow contribution to nitrate-nitrogen export from a large, agricultural watershed, USA: Journal of Hydrology, v. 295, no. 1-4, p. 305-316, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.010.","startPage":"305","endPage":"316","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208392,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.010"},{"id":234120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"295","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efd5e4b0c8380cd4a48f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K.","contributorId":101423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Y.-K.","contributorId":44309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Y.-K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035161,"text":"70035161 - 2004 - Flood hydrology for Dry Creek, Lake County, Northwestern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035161","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Flood hydrology for Dry Creek, Lake County, Northwestern Montana","docAbstract":"Dry Creek drains about 22.6 square kilometers of rugged mountainous terrain upstream from Tabor Dam in the Mission Range near St. Ignatius, Montana. Because of uncertainty about plausible peak discharges and concerns regarding the ability of the Tabor Dam spillway to safely convey these discharges, the flood hydrology for Dry Creek was evaluated on the basis of three hydrologic and geologic methods. The first method involved determining an envelope line relating flood discharge to drainage area on the basis of regional historical data and calculating a 500-year flood for Dry Creek using a regression equation. The second method involved paleoflood methods to estimate the maximum plausible discharge for 35 sites in the study area. The third method involved rainfall-runoff modeling for the Dry Creek basin in conjunction with regional precipitation information to determine plausible peak discharges. All of these methods resulted in estimates of plausible peak discharges that are substantially less than those predicted by the more generally applied probable maximum flood technique. Copyright ASCE 2004.","largerWorkTitle":"Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000: Building Partnerships","conferenceTitle":"Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000","conferenceDate":"30 July 2000 through 2 August 2000","conferenceLocation":"Minneapolis, MN","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40517(2000)52","isbn":"0784405174; 9780784405178","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., and Jarrett, R., 2004, Flood hydrology for Dry Creek, Lake County, Northwestern Montana, <i>in</i> Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000: Building Partnerships, v. 104, Minneapolis, MN, 30 July 2000 through 2 August 2000, https://doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)52.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215118,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)52"},{"id":242894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10f1e4b0c8380cd53e76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, C.","contributorId":43400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarrett, R.D.","contributorId":36551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarrett","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70026183,"text":"70026183 - 2004 - The influence of groundwater chemistry on arsenic concentrations and speciation in a quartz sand and gravel aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T08:10:33","indexId":"70026183","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1755,"text":"Geochemical Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of groundwater chemistry on arsenic concentrations and speciation in a quartz sand and gravel aquifer","docAbstract":"<div id=\"Abstract\" class=\"c-section__content\"><p class=\"Para\">We examined the chemical reactions influencing dissolved concentrations, speciation, and transport of naturally occurring arsenic (As) in a shallow, sand and gravel aquifer with distinct geochemical zones resulting from land disposal of dilute sewage effluent. The principal geochemical zones were: (1) the uncontaminated zone above the sewage plume [350<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M dissolved oxygen (DO),<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">p</i>H 5.9]; (2) the suboxic zone (5<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M DO,<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">p</i>H 6.2, elevated concentrations of sewage-derived phosphate and nitrate); and (3) the anoxic zone [dissolved iron(II) 100–300<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M,<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">p</i>H 6.5–6.9, elevated concentrations of sewage-derived phosphate]. Sediments are comprised of greater than 90% quartz but the surfaces of quartz and other mineral grains are coated with nanometer-size iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides and/or silicates, which control the adsorption properties of the sediments. Uncontaminated groundwater with added phosphate (620<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M) was pumped into the uncontaminated zone while samples were collected 0.3 m above the injection point. Concentrations of As(V) increased from below detection (0.005<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M) to a maximum of 0.07<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M during breakthrough of phosphate at the sampling port; As(III) concentrations remained below detection. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that naturally occurring As(V) adsorbed to constituents of the coatings on grain surfaces was desorbed by phosphate in the injected groundwater. Also consistent with this hypothesis, vertical profiles of groundwater chemistry measured prior to the tracer test showed that dissolved As(V) concentrations increased along with dissolved phosphate from below detection in the uncontaminated zone to approximately 0.07 and 70<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M, respectively, in the suboxic zone. Concentrations of As(III) were below detection in both zones. The anoxic zone had approximately 0.07<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M As(V) but also had As(III) concentrations of 0.07–0.14<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">μ</i>M, suggesting that release of As bound to sediment grains occurred by desorption by phosphate, reductive dissolution of Fe oxides, and reduction of As(V) to As(III), which adsorbs only weakly to the Fe-oxide-depleted material in the coatings. Results of reductive extractions of the sediments suggest that As associated with the coatings was relatively uniformly distributed at approximately 1 nmol/g of sediment (equivalent to 0.075 ppm As) and comprised 20%-50% of the total As in the sediments, determined from oxidative extractions. Quartz sand aquifers provide high-quality drinking water but can become contaminated when naturally occurring arsenic bound to Fe and Al oxides or silicates on sediment surfaces is released by desorption and dissolution of Fe oxides in response to changing chemical conditions.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1063/1.1738211","issn":"14674866","usgsCitation":"Kent, D., and Fox, P., 2004, The influence of groundwater chemistry on arsenic concentrations and speciation in a quartz sand and gravel aquifer: Geochemical Transactions, v. 5, no. 1, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1738211.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478301,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1738211","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":234700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208736,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1738211"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad25e4b08c986b3239ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kent, D.B.","contributorId":16588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fox, P.M.","contributorId":47949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70026311,"text":"70026311 - 2004 - An integrated geospatial approach to monitoring the Bering Glacier system, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70026311","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An integrated geospatial approach to monitoring the Bering Glacier system, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Bering Glacier is the largest and longest glacier in continental North America, with an area of approximately 5,175 km2, and a length of 190 km. It is also the largest surging glacier in America, having surged at least five times during the twentieth century. The last surge of the Bering Glacier occurred in 1993-1995, since then, the glacier has undergone constant and significant retreat thereby expanding the boundaries of Vitus Lake and creating a highly dynamic system, both ecologically and hydrologically. This study utilized GIS to integrate remote sensing observations, with detailed bathymetric, hydrographic and in situ water quality measurements of the rapidly expanding Vitus Lake. Vitus Lake has nearly doubled in surface area from 58.4 km2 to 108.8 km2, with a corresponding increase in water volume from 6.1 km3 to 10.5 km3 over the same period. The remote sensing observations were used to direct a systematic bathymetric, hydrographic and water quality measurement survey in Vitus Lake which revealed a complex three dimensional structure that is the result of sea water inflow, convection generated by ice melting and the injection of fresh water from beneath the glacier.","largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","conferenceTitle":"2004 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Proceedings: Science for Society: Exploring and Managing a Changing Planet. IGARSS 2004","conferenceDate":"20 September 2004 through 24 September 2004","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Josberger, E., Payne, J., Savage, S., Shuchman, R., and Meadows, G., 2004, An integrated geospatial approach to monitoring the Bering Glacier system, Alaska, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), v. 2, Anchorage, AK, 20 September 2004 through 24 September 2004, p. 1140-1143.","startPage":"1140","endPage":"1143","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea80e4b0c8380cd488e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Josberger, E.G.","contributorId":61161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Payne, J.","contributorId":37126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savage, S.","contributorId":103049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shuchman, R.","contributorId":44719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shuchman","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meadows, G.","contributorId":38439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meadows","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035346,"text":"70035346 - 2004 - Hydrology, metals, and aquatic physical habitat in the Upper Animas watershed, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035346","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrology, metals, and aquatic physical habitat in the Upper Animas watershed, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Upper Animas River watershed in southwestern Colorado is a watershed with historic mining districts with many small mines and mills and a few larger mines and mills. The numbers of trout may be limited by high flows during the spring runoff period and by winter streamflows. In some locations there are large particles on the stream surface that may provide cover to trout. but the presence of fines in the substrate in some areas and the presence of large particles on the surface probably limits use of the subsurface by fish. During some parts of the year metals in the interstecial waters are toxic to many aquatic animas when the stream waters are much less toxic. The concentration of copper and zinc appear to be constant during streamflows that cause the bed material would be moved by the high discharges. Copyright 2004 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Watershed Management and Operations Management 2000","conferenceTitle":"Watershed Management and Operations Management 2000","conferenceDate":"20 June 2000 through 24 June 2000","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40499(2000)5","isbn":"0784404992; 9780784404997","usgsCitation":"Milhous, R., 2004, Hydrology, metals, and aquatic physical habitat in the Upper Animas watershed, Colorado, <i>in</i> Watershed Management and Operations Management 2000, v. 105, Fort Collins, CO, 20 June 2000 through 24 June 2000, https://doi.org/10.1061/40499(2000)5.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215403,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40499(2000)5"},{"id":243205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a377ce4b0c8380cd60f02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milhous, R.T.","contributorId":106845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175187,"text":"70175187 - 2004 - Air temperature and snowmelt discharge characteristics, Merced River at Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Central Sierra Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-21T12:42:52","indexId":"70175187","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Air temperature and snowmelt discharge characteristics, Merced River at Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Central Sierra Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Pacific Climate Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Twentieth Annual Pacific Climate Workshop","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D., Smith, R., Hager, S., Cayan, D., and Dettinger, M., 2004, Air temperature and snowmelt discharge characteristics, Merced River at Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Central Sierra Nevada, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Pacific Climate Workshop, p. 53-64.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"64","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325914,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.02783203125,\n              44.32384807250689\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.75341796875,\n              44.32384807250689\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.75341796875,\n              44.972570682240644\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.02783203125,\n              44.972570682240644\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.02783203125,\n              44.32384807250689\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c42ce4b006cb45552bec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D.","contributorId":173320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R.","contributorId":83874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hager, S.","contributorId":24980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cayan, D.","contributorId":49563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettinger, M. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":78909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70175188,"text":"70175188 - 2004 - A walk through the hydroclimate network in Yosemite National Park: River chemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T08:34:32","indexId":"70175188","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5157,"text":"Sierra Nature Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A walk through the hydroclimate network in Yosemite National Park: River chemistry","docAbstract":"<p>Visitors to Yosemite National Park (YNP) are fully aware of the weather, snowmelt, waterfalls (Photo 1), and river discharge and river and lake water temperature. They are not, however, thinking about river chemistry because you can&rsquo;t see, hear, or feel it. So a river chemistry article in Nature Notes needs a familiar background before we break out the instruments.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Sierra Nature Notes","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D., Smith, R., and Hager, S., 2004, A walk through the hydroclimate network in Yosemite National Park: River chemistry: Sierra Nature Notes, v. 4, p. 1-16.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325915,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sierranaturenotes.com/naturenotes/ArchivesPage1.htm"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c42ce4b006cb45552be8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Dave","contributorId":167110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard","contributorId":34172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hager, Stephen","contributorId":54678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027144,"text":"70027144 - 2004 - Hydrologic aspects of marsh ponds during winter on the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain, USA: Effects of structural marsh management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T15:59:50.023317","indexId":"70027144","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic aspects of marsh ponds during winter on the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain, USA: Effects of structural marsh management","docAbstract":"<p>The hydrology of marsh ponds influences aquatic invertebrate and waterbird communities. Hydrologic variables in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain are potentially affected by structural marsh management (SMM: levees, water control structures and impoundments) that has been implemented since the 1950s. Assuming that SMM restricts tidal flows and drainage of rainwater, we predicted that SMM would increase water depth, and concomitantly decrease salinity and transparency in impounded marsh ponds. We also predicted that SMM would increase seasonal variability in water depth in impounded marsh ponds because of the potential incapacity of water control structures to cope with large flooding events. In addition, we predicted that SMM would decrease spatial variability in water depth. Finally, we predicted that ponds of impounded freshwater (IF), oligohaline (IO), and mesohaline (IM) marshes would be similar in water depth, temperature, dissolved oxygen (<span>O</span><sub>2</sub>), and transparency. Using a priori multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) contrast, we tested these predictions by comparing hydrologic variables within ponds of impounded and unimpounded marshes during winters 1997-1998 to 1999-2000 on Rockefeller State Wildlife Refuge, near Grand Chenier, Louisiana. Specifically, we compared hydrologic variables (1) between IM and unimpounded mesohaline marsh ponds (UM); and (2) among IF, IO, and IM marshes ponds. As predicted, water depth was higher and salinity and <span>O</span><sub>2</sub> were lower in IM than in UM marsh ponds. However, temperature and transparency did not differ between IM and UM marsh ponds. Water depth varied more among months in IM marsh ponds than within those of UM marshes, and variances among and within ponds were lower in IM than UM marshes. Finally, all hydrologic variables, except salinity, were similar among IF, IO, and IM marsh ponds. Hydrologic changes within marsh ponds due to SMM should (1) promote benthic invertebrate taxa that tolerate low levels of <span>O</span><sub>2</sub> and salinity; (2) deter waterbird species that cannot cope with increased water levels; and (3) reduce waterbird species diversity by decreasing spatial variability in water depth among and within marsh ponds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/meps266035","usgsCitation":"Bolduc, F., and Afton, A., 2004, Hydrologic aspects of marsh ponds during winter on the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain, USA: Effects of structural marsh management: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 266, p. 35-42, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps266035.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"42","costCenters":[{"id":368,"text":"Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487480,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps266035","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"Grand Chenier","otherGeospatial":"Rockefeller State Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.04595947265625,\n              29.709524917923563\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.90657043457031,\n              29.709524917923563\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.90657043457031,\n              29.791792350311347\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.04595947265625,\n              29.791792350311347\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.04595947265625,\n              29.709524917923563\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"266","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a356de4b0c8380cd5fef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bolduc, F.","contributorId":76444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolduc","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027128,"text":"70027128 - 2004 - Characterization and origin of polar dissolved organic matter from the Great Salt Lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:01:59","indexId":"70027128","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization and origin of polar dissolved organic matter from the Great Salt Lake","docAbstract":"Polar dissolved organic matter (DOM) was isolated from a surface-water sample from the Great Salt Lake by separating it from colloidal organic matter by membrane dialysis, from less-polar DOM fractions by resin sorbents, and from inorganic salts by a combination of sodium cation exchange followed by precipitation of sodium salts by acetic acid during evaporative concentration. Polar DOM was the most abundant DOM fraction, accounting for 56% of the isolated DOM. Colloidal organic matter was 14C-age dated to be about 100% modern carbon and all of the DOM fractions were 14C-age dated to be between 94 and 95% modern carbon. Average structural models of each DOM fraction were derived that incorporated quantitative elemental and infrared, 13C-NMR, and electrospray/mass spectrometric data. The polar DOM model consisted of open-chain N-acetyl hydroxy carboxylic acids likely derived from N-acetyl heteropolysaccharides that constituted the colloidal organic matter. The less polar DOM fraction models consisted of aliphatic alicyclic ring structures substituted with carboxyl, hydroxyl, ether, ester, and methyl groups. These ring structures had characteristics similar to terpenoid precursors. All DOM fractions in the Great Salt Lake are derived from algae and bacteria that dominate DOM inputs in this lake.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/B:BIOG.0000031044.16410.27","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Leenheer, J., Noyes, T., Rostad, C., and Davisson, M., 2004, Characterization and origin of polar dissolved organic matter from the Great Salt Lake: Biogeochemistry, v. 69, no. 1, p. 125-141, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOG.0000031044.16410.27.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"141","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208984,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOG.0000031044.16410.27"}],"volume":"69","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4b0e4b0c8380cd4be6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noyes, T.I.","contributorId":54971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noyes","given":"T.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davisson, M.L.","contributorId":62277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davisson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027109,"text":"70027109 - 2004 - Subsurface fate of spilled petroleum hydrocarbons in continuous permafrost","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:31","indexId":"70027109","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1264,"text":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface fate of spilled petroleum hydrocarbons in continuous permafrost","docAbstract":"Accidental releases of approximately 2000 m3 of fuel have resulted in subsurface contamination adjacent to Imikpuk Lake, a drinking-water source near Barrow, AK. This paper presents a conceptual model of the distribution and transport of subsurface free-phase hydrocarbons at this site. The mean annual temperature in Barrow is -13 ??C, and average monthly temperatures exceed 0 ??C only during the months of June, July, and August. As a result, the region is underlain by areally continuous permafrost that extends to depths of up to 300 m and constrains subsurface hydrologic processes to a shallow zone that temporarily thaws each summer. During the 1993 and 1994 thaw seasons, the measured depth of thaw varied across the site from approximately 0.5 to 2 m. However, exploratory borings in 1995 showed that free-phase hydrocarbons were present at depths greater than 3 m, indicating that permafrost at this site is not a barrier to the vertical migration of nonaqueous-phase liquids. In 1996, a subsurface containment barrier was installed to prevent lateral movement of contaminated water to Imikpuk Lake, and a recovery trench was excavated upgradient of the barrier to facilitate removal of free-phase hydrocarbons. Free-phase hydrocarbons were recovered from the trench during 1996, 1997, and 1998. Recovery rates diminished over this time, and in 1999, no further product was recovered and the recovery operation was halted. Subsequent exploratory borings in 2001 and 2002 have revealed that some product remains in the subsurface. Data indicate that this remaining product exists in small discrete pockets or very thin layers of hydrocarbon floating on brine. These small reservoirs appear to be isolated from one another by relatively impermeable permafrost. Published by Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0165-232X(03)00062-4","issn":"0165232X","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K., Walker, L., and Vigoren, L., 2004, Subsurface fate of spilled petroleum hydrocarbons in continuous permafrost: Cold Regions Science and Technology, v. 38, no. 1, p. 43-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-232X(03)00062-4.","startPage":"43","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209149,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-232X(03)00062-4"},{"id":235372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d64e4b08c986b31d80d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, K.","contributorId":48287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, L.","contributorId":80469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vigoren, L.","contributorId":60423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vigoren","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027108,"text":"70027108 - 2004 - Effects of dissolved carbonate on arsenate adsorption and surface speciation at the hematite-water interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:57:48","indexId":"70027108","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of dissolved carbonate on arsenate adsorption and surface speciation at the hematite-water interface","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Effects of dissolved carbonate on arsenate [As(V)] reactivity and surface speciation at the hematite−water interface were studied as a function of pH and two different partial pressures of carbon dioxide gas [<i>P</i><sub>CO</sub><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>= 10<sup>-</sup><sup>3.5</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>atm and ∼0; CO<sub>2</sub>-free argon (Ar)] using adsorption kinetics, pseudo-equilibrium adsorption/titration experiments, extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopic (EXAFS) analyses, and surface complexation modeling. Different adsorbed carbonate concentrations, due to the two different atmospheric systems, resulted in an enhanced and/or suppressed extent of As(V) adsorption. As(V) adsorption kinetics [4 g L<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup>, [As(V)]<sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>= 1.5 mM and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>I</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 0.01 M NaCl] showed carbonate-enhanced As(V) uptake in the air-equilibrated systems at pH 4 and 6 and at pH 8 after 3 h of reaction. Suppressed As(V) adsorption was observed in the air-equilibrated system in the early stages of the reaction at pH 8. In the pseudo-equilibrium adsorption experiments [1 g L<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup>, [As(V)]<sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>= 0.5 mM and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>I</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 0.01 M NaCl], in which each pH value was held constant by a pH-stat apparatus, effects of dissolved carbonate on As(V) uptake were almost negligible at equilibrium, but titrant (0.1 M HCl) consumption was greater in the air-equilibrated systems (<i>P</i><sub>CO</sub><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>= 10<sup>-</sup><sup>3.5</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>atm) than in the CO<sub>2</sub>-free argon system at pH 4−7.75. The EXAFS analyses indicated that As(V) tetrahedral molecules were coordinated on iron octahedral via bidentate mononuclear (≈2.8 Å) and bidentate binuclear (≈3.3 Å) bonding at pH 4.5−8 and loading levels of 0.46−3.10 μM m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup>. Using the results of the pseudo-equilibrium adsorption data and the XAS analyses, the pH-dependent As(V) adsorption under the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><sub>CO</sub><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>= 10<sup>-</sup><sup>3.5</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>atm and the CO<sub>2</sub>-free argon system was modeled using surface complexation modeling, and the results are consistent with the formation of nonprotonated bidentate surface species at the hematite surfaces. The results also suggest that the acid titrant consumption was strongly affected by changes to electrical double-layer potentials caused by the adsorption of carbonate in the air-equilibrated system. Overall results suggest that the effects of dissolved carbonate on As(V) adsorption were influenced by the reaction conditions [e.g., available surface sites, initial As(V) concentrations, and reaction times]. Quantifying the effects of adsorbed carbonate may be important in predicting As(V) transport processes in groundwater, where iron oxide-coated aquifer materials are exposed to seasonally fluctuating partial pressures of CO<sub>2</sub>(g).</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es034800w","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Arai, Y., Sparks, D., and Davis, J., 2004, Effects of dissolved carbonate on arsenate adsorption and surface speciation at the hematite-water interface: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 38, no. 3, p. 817-824, https://doi.org/10.1021/es034800w.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"817","endPage":"824","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209148,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es034800w"}],"volume":"38","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a064ee4b0c8380cd511c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arai, Y.","contributorId":59214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arai","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sparks, D.L.","contributorId":94072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparks","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027033,"text":"70027033 - 2004 - Changes in the proportion of precipitation occurring as snow in New England (1949-2000)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:31","indexId":"70027033","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in the proportion of precipitation occurring as snow in New England (1949-2000)","docAbstract":"The ratio of snow to total precipitation (S/P) is a hydrologic indicator that is sensitive to climate variability and can be used to detect and monitor hydrologic responses to climatic change. Changes in S/P ratio over time could influence the magnitude and timing of spring runoff and recession to summer baseflow. The S/P ratio for 21 U.S. Historical Climatology Network sites in New England was examined. Eleven out of twenty-one sites in New England had significant decreasing annual S/P ratios from 1949 to 2000. Annual trends in S/P are predominantly a result of decreasing snowfall, and to a lesser extent, increasing rainfall. The most consistent trends were in northernmost New England where all four sites had decreasing ratios, and in the coastal and near-coastal areas where five out of eight sites had significantly decreasing ratios. The four sites in northernmost New England, which had the strongest and most coherent trends, showed an average decrease in annual S/P ratio from about 0.30 in 1949 to 0.23 in 2000. Trends in winter S/P ratio were less geographically consistent. Seven out of 21 sites had significantly decreasing winter S/P ratios. Most northern New England and coastal to near-coastal sites had statistically significant trends (p < 0.05) or weak, but not significant trends (p < 0.2). When trends in S/P were analyzed on a monthly basis for the northernmost sites, it was evident that decreasing S/P trends were significant for March and December only. Significant correlations were observed between winter S/P ratios in northern New England and the timing of spring runoff, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, and the Pacific-North American (PNA) index. Significant correlations were observed between winter S/P ratios averaged for all of New England and the NAO and PNA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Climate","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<2626:CITPOP>2.0.CO;2","issn":"08948755","usgsCitation":"Huntington, T., Hodgkins, G., Keim, B., and Dudley, R.W., 2004, Changes in the proportion of precipitation occurring as snow in New England (1949-2000): Journal of Climate, v. 17, no. 13, p. 2626-2636, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<2626:CITPOP>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"2626","endPage":"2636","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478138,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<2626:citpop>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209048,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<2626:CITPOP>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":235224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f434e4b0c8380cd4bbda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntington, T.G. 0000-0002-9427-3530","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":64675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"T.G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":412077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hodgkins, G.A.","contributorId":14022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keim, B.D.","contributorId":72988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keim","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dudley, R. W.","contributorId":90780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027028,"text":"70027028 - 2004 - Structural geology of the proposed site area for a high-level radioactive waste repository, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:31","indexId":"70027028","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural geology of the proposed site area for a high-level radioactive waste repository, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"Geologic mapping and fracture studies have documented the fundamental patterns of joints and faults in the thick sequence of rhyolite tuffs at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, the proposed site of an underground repository for high-level radioactive waste. The largest structures are north-striking, block-bounding normal faults (with a subordinate left-lateral component) that divide the mountain into numerous 1-4-km-wide panels of gently east-dipping strata. Block-bounding faults, which underwent Quaternary movement as well as earlier Neogene movement, are linked by dominantly northwest-striking relay faults, especially in the more extended southern part of Yucca Mountain. Intrablock faults are commonly short and discontinuous, except those on the more intensely deformed margins of the blocks. Lithologic properties of the local tuff stratigraphy strongly control the mesoscale fracture network, and locally the fracture network has a strong influence on the nature of intrablock faulting. The least faulted part of Yucca Mountain is the north-central part, the site of the proposed repository. Although bounded by complex normal-fault systems, the 4-km-wide central block contains only sparse intrablock faults. Locally intense jointing appears to be strata-bound. The complexity of deformation and the magnitude of extension increase in all directions away from the proposed repository volume, especially in the southern part of the mountain where the intensity of deformation and the amount of vertical-axis rotation increase markedly. Block-bounding faults were active at Yucca Mountain during and after eruption of the 12.8-12.7 Ma Paintbrush Group, and significant motion on these faults postdated the 11.6 Ma Rainier Mesa Tuff. Diminished fault activity continued into Quaternary time. Roughly half of the stratal tilting in the site area occurred after 11.6 Ma, probably synchronous with the main pulse of vertical-axis rotation, which occurred between 11.6 and 11.45 Ma. Studies of sequential formation of tectonic joints, in the context of regional paleostress studies, indicate that north- and northwest-striking joint sets formed coevally with the main faulting episode during regional east-northeast-west-southwest extension and that a prominent northeast-striking joint set formed later, probably after 9 Ma. These structural analyses contribute to the understanding of several important issues at Yucca Mountain, including potential hydrologic pathways, seismic hazards, and fault-displacement hazards. ?? 2004 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25328.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Potter, C., Day, W.C., Sweetkind, D.S., and Dickerson, R., 2004, Structural geology of the proposed site area for a high-level radioactive waste repository, Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 116, no. 7-8, p. 858-879, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25328.1.","startPage":"858","endPage":"879","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208999,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25328.1"}],"volume":"116","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9bf8e4b08c986b31d1ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Potter, C. J. 0000-0002-2300-6670","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":89925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":412065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, W. C.","contributorId":6876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweetkind, D. S.","contributorId":61507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dickerson, R. P.","contributorId":23968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickerson","given":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027027,"text":"70027027 - 2004 - Occurrence of hexavalent chromium in ground water in the western Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:25:35","indexId":"70027027","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of hexavalent chromium in ground water in the western Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"About 200 samples from selected public supply, domestic, and observation wells completed in alluvial aquifers underlying the western Mojave Desert were analyzed for total dissolved Cr and Cr(VI). Because Cr(VI) is difficult to preserve, samples were analyzed by 3 methods. Chromium(VI) was determined in the field using both a direct colorimetric method and EPA method 218.6, and samples were speciated in the field for later analysis in the laboratory using a cation-exchange method developed for the study described in this paper. Comparison of the direct colorimetric method and EPA method 218.6 with the new cation-exchange method yielded r2 values of 0.9991 and 0.9992, respectively. Total dissolved Cr concentrations ranged from less than the 0.1 ??g/l detection limit to 60 ??g/l, and almost all the Cr present was Cr(VI). Near recharge areas along the mountain front pH values were near neutral, dissolved O2 concentrations were near saturation, and Cr(VI) concentrations were less than the 0.1 ??g/l detection limit. Chromium(VI) concentrations and pH values increased downgradient as long as dissolved O 2 was present. However, low Cr(VI) concentrations were associated with low dissolved O2 concentrations near ground-water discharge areas along dry lakes. Chromium(VI) concentrations as high as 60 ??g/l occurred in ground water from the Sheep Creek fan alluvial deposits weathered from mafic rock derived from the San Gabriel Mountains, and Cr(VI) concentrations as high as about 36 ??g/l were present in ground water from alluvial deposits weathered from less mafic granitic, metamorphic, and volcanic rocks. Chromium(III) was the predominant form of Cr only in areas where dissolved O2 concentrations were less than 1 mg/l and was detected at a median concentration of 0.1 ??g/l, owing to its low solubility in water of near-neutral pH. Depending on local hydrogeologic conditions and the distribution of dissolved O2, Cr(VI) concentrations may vary considerably with depth. Samples collected under pumping conditions from different depths within wells show that Cr(VI) concentrations can range from less than the 0.1 ??g/l detection limit to 36 ??g/l in a single well and that dissolved O2 concentrations likely control the concentration and redox speciation of Cr in ground water.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier ","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.01.011","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Ball, J., and Izbicki, J., 2004, Occurrence of hexavalent chromium in ground water in the western Mojave Desert, California: Applied Geochemistry, v. 19, no. 7, p. 1123-1135, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.01.011.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1123","endPage":"1135","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208981,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.01.011"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              35.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              35.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              34\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6bf3e4b0c8380cd749a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, J.W.","contributorId":67507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Izbicki, J. A. 0000-0003-0816-4408","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":28244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027014,"text":"70027014 - 2004 - Effects of natal departure and water level on survival of juvenile snail kites (<i>Rostrhamus sociabilis</i>) in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T08:43:32","indexId":"70027014","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of natal departure and water level on survival of juvenile snail kites (<i>Rostrhamus sociabilis</i>) in Florida","docAbstract":"Survival rate from fledging to breeding, or juvenile survival, is an important source of variation in lifetime reproductive success in birds. Therefore, determining the relationship between juvenile survival and environmental factors is essential to understanding fitness consequences of reproduction in many populations. With increases in density of individuals and depletion of food resources, quality of most habitats deteriorates during the breeding season. Individuals respond by dispersing in search of food resources. Therefore, to understand the influence of environmental factors on juvenile survival, it is also necessary to know how natal dispersal influences survival of juveniles. We examined effects of various environmental factors and natal dispersal behavior on juvenile survival of endangered Snail Kites (Rostrhamus sociabilis) in central and southern Florida, using a generalized estimating equations (GEEs) approach and model selection criteria. Our results suggested yearly effects and an influence of age and monthly minimum hydrologic levels on juvenile Snail Kite survival. Yearly variation in juvenile survival has been reported by other studies, and other reproductive components of Snail Kites also exhibit such variation. Age differences in juvenile survival have also been seen in other species during the juvenile period. Our results demonstrate a positive relationship between water levels and juvenile survival. We suggest that this is not a direct linear relationship, such that higher water means higher juvenile survival. The juvenile period is concurrent with onset of the wet season in the ecosystem we studied, and rainfall increases as juveniles age. For management purposes, we believe that inferences suggesting increasing water levels during the fledging period will increase juvenile survival may have short-term benefits but lead to long-term declines in prey abundance and possibly wetland vegetation structure.","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[0894:EONDAW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Dreitz, V., Kitchens, W., and DeAngelis, D., 2004, Effects of natal departure and water level on survival of juvenile snail kites (<i>Rostrhamus sociabilis</i>) in Florida: The Auk, v. 121, no. 3, p. 894-903, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[0894:EONDAW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"894","endPage":"903","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0766e4b0c8380cd5169b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dreitz, V.J.","contributorId":65432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dreitz","given":"V.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kitchens, W.M.","contributorId":87647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitchens","given":"W.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeAngelis, D.L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":32470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70026975,"text":"70026975 - 2004 - Degradates provide insight to spatial and temporal trends of herbicides in ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T08:36:36","indexId":"70026975","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Degradates provide insight to spatial and temporal trends of herbicides in ground water","docAbstract":"<p>Since 1995, a network of municipal wells in Iowa, representing all major aquifer types (alluvial, bedrock/karst region, glacial drift, bedrock/nonkarst region), has been repeatedly sampled for a broad suite of herbicide compounds yielding one of the most comprehensive statewide databases of such compounds currently available in the United States. This dataset is ideal for documenting the insight that herbicide degradates provide to the spatial and temporal distribution of herbicides in ground water.</p>\n<p>During 2001, 86 municipal wells in Iowa were sampled and analyzed for 21 herbicide parent compounds and 24 herbicide degradates. The frequency of detection increased from 17% when only herbicide parent compounds were considered to 53% when both herbicide parents and degradates were considered. Thus, the transport of herbicide compounds to ground water is substantially underestimated when herbicide degradates are not considered. A significant difference in the results among the major aquifer types was apparent only when both herbicide parent compounds and their degradates were considered. In addition, including herbicide degradates greatly improved the statistical relation to the age of the water being sampled. When herbicide parent compounds are considered, only 40% of the wells lacking a herbicide detection could be explained by the age of the water predating herbicide use. However, when herbicide degradates were also considered, 80% of the ground water samples lacking a detection could be explained by the age of the water predating herbicide use. Finally, a temporal pattern in alachlor concentrations in ground water could only be identified when alachlor degradates were considered.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Water Well Journal Publishing Company","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02628.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D., Schnoebelen, D., and Thurman, E., 2004, Degradates provide insight to spatial and temporal trends of herbicides in ground water: Groundwater, v. 42, no. 4, p. 601-608, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02628.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"601","endPage":"608","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209164,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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,{"id":70026973,"text":"70026973 - 2004 - 9000 years of salmon fishing on the Columbia River, North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:35","indexId":"70026973","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"9000 years of salmon fishing on the Columbia River, North America","docAbstract":"A large assemblage of salmon bones excavated 50 yr ago from an ???10,000-yr-old archaeological site near The Dalles, Oregon, USA, has been the primary evidence that early native people along the Columbia River subsisted on salmon. Recent debate about the human role in creating the deposit prompted excavation of additional deposits and analysis of archaeologic, geologic, and hydrologic conditions at the site. Results indicate an anthropogenic source for most of the salmonid remains, which have associated radiocarbon dates indicating that the site was occupied as long ago as 9300 cal yr B.P. The abundance of salmon bone indicates that salmon was a major food item and suggests that migratory salmonids had well-established spawning populations in some parts of the Columbia Basin by 9300-8200 yr ago. ?? 2004 University of Washington. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2004.03.002","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Butler, V., and O’Connor, J.E., 2004, 9000 years of salmon fishing on the Columbia River, North America: Quaternary Research, v. 62, no. 1, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.03.002.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209142,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.03.002"},{"id":235360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e26fe4b0c8380cd45ba4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, V.L.","contributorId":55624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"V.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connor, J. E.","contributorId":59489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70026943,"text":"70026943 - 2004 - Preservation of water samples for arsenic(III/V) determinations: An evaluation of the literature and new analytical results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T17:21:24","indexId":"70026943","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preservation of water samples for arsenic(III/V) determinations: An evaluation of the literature and new analytical results","docAbstract":"Published literature on preservation procedures for stabilizing aqueous inorganic As(III/V) redox species contains discrepancies. This study critically evaluates published reports on As redox preservation and explains discrepancies in the literature. Synthetic laboratory preservation experiments and time stability experiments were conducted for natural water samples from several field sites. Any field collection procedure that filters out microorganisms, adds a reagent that prevents dissolved Fe and Mn oxidation and precipitation, and isolates the sample from solar radiation will preserve the As(III/V) ratio. Reagents that prevent Fe and Mn oxidation and precipitation include HCl, H 2SO4, and EDTA, although extremely high concentrations of EDTA are necessary for some water samples high in Fe. Photo-catalyzed Fe(III) reduction causes As(III) oxidation; however, storing the sample in the dark prevents photochemical reactions. Furthermore, the presence of Fe(II) or SO 4 inhibits the oxidation of As(III) by Fe(III) because of complexation reactions and competing reactions with free radicals. Consequently, fast abiotic As(III) oxidation reactions observed in the laboratory are not observed in natural water samples for one or more of the following reasons: (1) the As redox species have already stabilized, (2) most natural waters contain very low dissolved Fe(III) concentrations, (3) the As(III) oxidation caused by Fe(III) photoreduction is inhibited by Fe(II) or SO4.","language":"English","publisher":"Elseiver","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.01.003","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., and Maest, A., 2004, Preservation of water samples for arsenic(III/V) determinations: An evaluation of the literature and new analytical results: Applied Geochemistry, v. 19, no. 7, p. 995-1009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.01.003.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"995","endPage":"1009","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209237,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.01.003"}],"volume":"19","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b52e4b0c8380cd7e1fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":411736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":411738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maest, A.S.","contributorId":86364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maest","given":"A.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70026903,"text":"70026903 - 2004 - Tire-wear particles as a source of zinc to the environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:45:28","indexId":"70026903","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tire-wear particles as a source of zinc to the environment","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Tire-tread material has a zinc (Zn) content of about 1 wt %. The quantity of tread material lost to road surfaces by abrasion has not been well characterized. Two approaches were used to assess the magnitude of this nonpoint source of Zn in the U.S. for the period 1936−1999. In the first approach, tread-wear rates from the automotive engineering literature were used in conjunction with vehicle distance-driven data from the U.S. Department of Transportation to determine Zn releases. A second approach calculated this source term from the volume of tread lost during lifetime tire wear. These analyses showed that the quantity of Zn released by tire wear in the mid-1990s was of the same magnitude as that released from waste incineration. For 1999, the quantity of Zn released by tire wear in the U.S. is estimated to be 10 000−11 000 metric tons. A specific case study focused on Zn sources and sinks in an urban−suburban watershed (Lake Anne) in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area for a time period of the late 1990s. The atmospheric flux of total Zn (wet deposition) to the watershed was 2 μg/cm<sup>2</sup>/yr. The flux of Zn to the watershed estimated from tire wear was 42 μg/cm<sup>2</sup>/yr. The measured accumulation rate of total Zn in age-dated sediment cores from Lake Anne was 27 μg/cm<sup>2</sup>/yr. These data suggest that tire-wear Zn inputs to urban−suburban watersheds can be significantly greater than atmospheric inputs, although the watershed appears to retain appreciable quantities of vehicular Zn inputs.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es034631f","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Councell, T., Duckenfield, K., Landa, E.R., and Callender, E., 2004, Tire-wear particles as a source of zinc to the environment: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 38, no. 15, p. 4206-4214, https://doi.org/10.1021/es034631f.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"4206","endPage":"4214","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":209190,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es034631f"},{"id":235433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb410e4b08c986b326165","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Councell, T.B.","contributorId":44187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Councell","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duckenfield, K.U.","contributorId":59218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duckenfield","given":"K.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landa, E. R.","contributorId":100002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Callender, E.","contributorId":72528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callender","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70026901,"text":"70026901 - 2004 - Urban contribution of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants to streams during differing flow conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T08:38:42","indexId":"70026901","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Urban contribution of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants to streams during differing flow conditions","docAbstract":"<p>During 2001, 76 water samples were collected upstream and downstream of select towns and cities in Iowa during high-, normal- and low-flow conditions to determine the contribution of urban centers to concentrations of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) in streams under varying flow conditions. The towns ranged in population from approximately 2000 to 200 000. Overall, one or more OWCs were detected in 98.7% of the samples collected, with 62 of the 105 compounds being found. The most frequently detected compounds were metolachlor (pesticide), cholesterol (plant and animal sterol), caffeine (stimulant), &beta;-sitosterol (plant sterol) and 1,7-dimethylxanthine (caffeine degradate). The number of OWCs detected decreased as streamflow increased from low- (51 compounds detected) to normal- (28) to high-flow (24) conditions. Antibiotics and other prescription drugs were only frequently detected during low-flow conditions. During low-flow conditions, 15 compounds (out of the 23) and ten compound groups (out of 11) detected in more than 10% of the streams sampled had significantly greater concentrations in samples collected downstream than in those collected upstream of the urban centers. Conversely, no significant differences in the concentrations were found during high-flow conditions. Thus, the urban contribution of OWCs to streams became progressively muted as streamflow increased.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.01.015","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D., Skopec, M., Meyer, M.T., Furlong, E., and Zaugg, S., 2004, Urban contribution of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants to streams during differing flow conditions: Science of the Total Environment, v. 328, no. 1-3, p. 119-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.01.015.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209162,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Furlong, E. T. 0000-0002-7305-4603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":98346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"E. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zaugg, S.D.","contributorId":82811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70026832,"text":"70026832 - 2004 - Fate of volatile organic compounds in constructed wastewater treatment wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:40:33","indexId":"70026832","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of volatile organic compounds in constructed wastewater treatment wetlands","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">The fate of volatile organic compounds was evaluated in a wastewater-dependent constructed wetland near Phoenix, AZ, using field measurements and solute transport modeling. Numerically based volatilization rates were determined using inverse modeling techniques and hydraulic parameters established by sodium bromide tracer experiments. Theoretical volatilization rates were calculated from the two-film method incorporating physicochemical properties and environmental conditions. Additional analyses were conducted using graphically determined volatilization rates based on field measurements. Transport (with first-order removal) simulations were performed using a range of volatilization rates and were evaluated with respect to field concentrations. The inverse and two-film reactive transport simulations demonstrated excellent agreement with measured concentrations for 1,4-dichlorobenzene, tetrachloroethene, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane and fair agreement for dibromochloromethane, bromodichloromethane, and toluene. Wetland removal efficiencies from inlet to outlet ranged from 63% to 87% for target compounds.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es034661i","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Keefe, S., Barber, L.B., Runkel, R., and Ryan, J.N., 2004, Fate of volatile organic compounds in constructed wastewater treatment wetlands: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 38, no. 7, p. 2209-2216, https://doi.org/10.1021/es034661i.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2209","endPage":"2216","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":209213,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es034661i"},{"id":235465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f0fe4b0c8380cd53738","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keefe, S.H.","contributorId":18965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefe","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runkel, R.L.","contributorId":97529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ryan, J. N.","contributorId":102649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70026792,"text":"70026792 - 2004 - Importance of storm events in controlling ecosystem structure and function in a Florida Gulf Coast estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-14T14:33:34.806018","indexId":"70026792","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of storm events in controlling ecosystem structure and function in a Florida Gulf Coast estuary","docAbstract":"From 8/95 to 2/01, we investigated the ecological effects of intra- and inter-annual variability in freshwater flow through Taylor Creek in southeastern Everglades National Park. Continuous monitoring and intensive sampling studies overlapped with an array of pulsed weather events that impacted physical, chemical, and biological attributes of this region. We quantified the effects of three events representing a range of characteristics (duration, amount of precipitation, storm intensity, wind direction) on the hydraulic connectivity, nutrient and sediment dynamics, and vegetation structure of the SE Everglades estuarine ecotone. These events included a strong winter storm in November 1996, Tropical Storm Harvey in September 1999, and Hurricane Irene in October 1999. Continuous hydrologic and daily water sample data were used to examine the effects of these events on the physical forcing and quality of water in Taylor Creek. A high resolution, flow-through sampling and mapping approach was used to characterize water quality in the adjacent bay. To understand the effects of these events on vegetation communities, we measured mangrove litter production and estimated seagrass cover in the bay at monthly intervals. We also quantified sediment deposition associated with Hurricane Irene's flood surge along the Buttonwood Ridge. These three events resulted in dramatic changes in surface water movement and chemistry in Taylor Creek and adjacent regions of Florida Bay as well as increased mangrove litterfall and flood surge scouring of seagrass beds. Up to 5 cm of bay-derived mud was deposited along the ridge adjacent to the creek in this single pulsed event. These short-term events can account for a substantial proportion of the annual flux of freshwater and materials between the mangrove zone and Florida Bay. Our findings shed light on the capacity of these storm events, especially when in succession, to have far reaching and long lasting effects on coastal ecosystems such as the estuarine ecotone of the SE Everglades.","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education & Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/03-0072R.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Davis, S.E., Cable, J., Childers, D., Coronado-Molina, C., Day, J., Hittle, C., Madden, C., Reyes, E., Rudnick, D., and Sklar, F., 2004, Importance of storm events in controlling ecosystem structure and function in a Florida Gulf Coast estuary: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 20, no. 4, p. 1198-1208, https://doi.org/10.2112/03-0072R.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1198","endPage":"1208","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235388,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3944e4b0c8380cd61879","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Stephen E","contributorId":213386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":17761,"text":"Everglades Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":411095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cable, J.E.","contributorId":25963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cable","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Childers, D.L.","contributorId":44334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childers","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coronado-Molina, C.","contributorId":90271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coronado-Molina","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Day, J.W.","contributorId":27417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hittle, C.D.","contributorId":90798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hittle","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Madden, C.J.","contributorId":101065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reyes, E.","contributorId":83886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reyes","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rudnick, D.","contributorId":23710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudnick","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sklar, F.","contributorId":61618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sklar","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70026789,"text":"70026789 - 2004 - Biotransformation of tributyltin to tin in freshwater river-bed sediments contaminated by an organotin release","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:11:44","indexId":"70026789","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biotransformation of tributyltin to tin in freshwater river-bed sediments contaminated by an organotin release","docAbstract":"The largest documented release of organotin compounds to a freshwater river system in the United States occurred in early 2000 in central South Carolina. The release consisted of an unknown volume of various organotin compounds such tetrabutyltin (TTBT), tributyltin (TBT), tetraoctyltin (TTOT), and trioctyl tin (TOT) and resulted in a massive fish kill and the permanent closures of a municipal wastewater treatment plant and a local city's only drinking-water intake. Initial sampling events in 2000 and 2001 indicated that concentrations of the ecologically toxic TTBT and TBT were each greater than 10 000 ??g/kg in surface-water bed sediments in depositional areas, such as lakes and beaver ponds downstream of the release. Bed-sediment samples collected between 2001 and 2003, however, revealed a substantial decrease in bed-sediment organotin concentrations and an increase in concentrations of degradation intermediate compounds. For example, in bed sediments of a representative beaver pond located about 1.6 km downstream of the release, total organotin concentrations [the sum of TTBT, TBT, and the TBT degradation intermediates dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT)] decreased from 38 670 to 298 ??g/kg. In Crystal Lake, a large lake about 0.4 km downstream from the beaver pond, total organotin concentrations decreased from 28 300 to less than 5 ??g/kg during the same time period. Moreover, bed-sediment inorganic tin concentrations increased from pre-release levels of less than 800 to 32 700 ??g/kg during this time. These field data suggest that the released organotin compounds, such as TBT, are being transformed into inorganic tin by bed-sediment microbial processes. Microcosms were created in the laboratory that contained bed sediment from the two sites and were amended with tributyltin (as tributyltin chloride) under an ambient air headspace and sacrificially analyzed periodically for TBT, the biodegradation intermediates DBT and MBT, and tin. TBT concentrations decreased faster [half-life (t1/2) = 28 d] in the organic-rich sediments (21.5%) that characterized the beaver pond as compared to the slower (t1/2 = 78 d) degradation rate in the sandy, organic-poor, sediments (0.43%) of Crystal Lake. Moreover, the concentration of inorganic tin increased in microcosms containing bed sediments from both locations. These field and laboratory results suggest that biotransformation of the released organotins, in particular the ecologically detrimental TBT, does occur in this fresh surface-water system impacted with high concentrations of neat organotin compounds.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es030697z","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J., Tanner, T., and Watt, B., 2004, Biotransformation of tributyltin to tin in freshwater river-bed sediments contaminated by an organotin release: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 38, no. 15, p. 4106-4112, https://doi.org/10.1021/es030697z.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4106","endPage":"4112","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":209135,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es030697z"},{"id":235349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1a4e4b0c8380cd4ad6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanner, T.L.","contributorId":62809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watt, B.E.","contributorId":96844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1000867,"text":"1000867 - 2004 - Rapid assessment indicator of wetland integrity as an unintended predictor of avian diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T11:51:30","indexId":"1000867","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid assessment indicator of wetland integrity as an unintended predictor of avian diversity","docAbstract":"<p>Rapid assessment of aquatic ecosystems has been widely implemented, sometimes without thorough evaluation of the robustness of rapid assessment metrics as indicators of ecological integrity. Here, we evaluate whether the Ohio Rapid Assessment Method (ORAM) for Wetlands Version 5.0 is a useful indicator of ecological integrity beyond its intended purpose. ORAM was developed to categorize natural wetlands for regulatory purposes and to contribute to the development of indicators of biotic integrity. It was never intended for use as an index of the quality of habitat for wetland birds. Nonetheless, it is conceivable that ORAM scores could serve as adequate predictors of avian diversity. We evaluated whether avian species richness in wetlands could be reliably predicted from each of the following variables: (1) total ORAM score, (2) total score minus the score for one metric that did not apply to all wetlands, and (3) sum of scores for the four ORAM components (of 16 scored) with the highest potential point total. These four components corresponded to aquatic vegetation communities, microtopography, modifications to natural hydrologic regime, and sources of water. All three variables were significant predictors of both total species richness and mean species richness of birds of conservation concern. Variable (3) was a significant predictor of mean species richness of wetland-dependent birds. Variable (2) was a weak predictor of both total and mean species richness of all birds combined. These results extend the robustness of ORAM as an indicator of the ecological integrity of wetlands.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/B:HYDR.0000027731.16535.53","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M.A., Waite, T.A., Krzys, G., Mack, J.J., and Micacchion, M., 2004, Rapid assessment indicator of wetland integrity as an unintended predictor of avian diversity: Hydrobiologia, v. 520, no. 1-3, p. 119-126, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000027731.16535.53.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"126","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"520","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64945e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, Martin A. 0000-0001-8173-4273 mstapanian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-4273","contributorId":3425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"Martin","email":"mstapanian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waite, Thomas A.","contributorId":98691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krzys, Gregory","contributorId":87508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krzys","given":"Gregory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mack, John J.","contributorId":55395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Micacchion, Mick","contributorId":21511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Micacchion","given":"Mick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}