{"pageNumber":"3021","pageRowStart":"75500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184743,"records":[{"id":70185330,"text":"70185330 - 2002 - First record of a Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis) in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-02T14:16:57.089333","indexId":"70185330","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3743,"text":"Western Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"First record of a Greater Shearwater (<i>Puffinus gravis</i>) in Alaska","title":"First record of a Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis) in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Greater Shearwater (<i>Puffinus gravis</i>) breeds in the southern Atlantic Ocean and disperses after breeding to the North Atlantic. On 3 August 2001, I observed and photographed an unidentified shearwater (Figure 1) in the Gulf of Alaska, about 30 km off the southern coast of Montague Island (59<span>°</span>50' N, 148°00' W). The bird was subsequently identified as a Greater Shearwater. This observation and photographic documentation provides the first Alaska state record (D. Gibson in litt.) and one of very few records for the North Pacific (see Table 1). This is the 464th bird species to be recorded in the state of Alaska. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Western Field Ornithologists","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., 2002, First record of a Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis) in Alaska: Western Birds, v. 33, no. 2, p. 121-122.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"122","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337871,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.westernfieldornithologists.org/archive/V33/journal-33-2.php","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Montague Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -147.71590968642556,\n              59.80657601464938\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.3055203105119,\n              59.80657601464938\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.3055203105119,\n              59.227233463894606\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.71590968642556,\n              59.227233463894606\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.71590968642556,\n              59.80657601464938\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1be4b0236b68f6736f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185182,"text":"70185182 - 2002 - Atmospheric mercury deposition during the last 270 years: A glacial ice core record of natural and anthropogenic sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T08:24:55","indexId":"70185182","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric mercury deposition during the last 270 years: A glacial ice core record of natural and anthropogenic sources","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mercury (Hg) contamination of aquatic ecosystems and subsequent methylmercury bioaccumulation are significant environmental problems of global extent. At regional to global scales, the primary mechanism of Hg contamination is atmospheric Hg transport. Thus, a better understanding of the long-term history of atmospheric Hg cycling and quantification of the sources is critical for assessing the regional and global impact of anthropogenic Hg emissions. Ice cores collected from the Upper Fremont Glacier (UFG), Wyoming, contain a high-resolution record of total atmospheric Hg deposition (ca. 1720−1993). Total Hg in 97 ice-core samples was determined with trace-metal clean handling methods and low-level analytical procedures to reconstruct the first and most comprehensive atmospheric Hg deposition record of its kind yet available from North America. The record indicates major atmospheric releases of both natural and anthropogenic Hg from regional and global sources. Integrated over the past 270-year ice-core history, anthropogenic inputs contributed 52%, volcanic events 6%, and background sources 42%. More significantly, during the last 100 years, anthropogenic sources contributed 70% of the total Hg input. Unlike the 2−7-fold increase observed from preindustrial times (before 1840) to the mid-1980s in sediment-core records, the UFG record indicates a 20-fold increase for the same period. The sediment-core records, however, are in agreement with the last 10 years of this ice-core record, indicating declines in atmospheric Hg deposition.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es0157503","usgsCitation":"Schuster, P.F., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Naftz, D.L., Cecil, L.D., Olson, M.L., DeWild, J.F., Susong, D.D., Green, J.R., and Abbott, M.L., 2002, Atmospheric mercury deposition during the last 270 years: A glacial ice core record of natural and anthropogenic sources: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 36, no. 11, p. 2303-2310, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0157503.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"2303","endPage":"2310","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d4e4b0849ce97c86fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cecil, L. DeWayne","contributorId":72828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"DeWayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olson, Mark L.","contributorId":149743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17808,"text":"University of Illinois, Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Susong, David D. ddsusong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"David","email":"ddsusong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Green, Jaromy R.","contributorId":57498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Jaromy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Abbott, Michael L.","contributorId":189373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abbott","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70024255,"text":"70024255 - 2002 - Identification of steelhead and resident rainbow trout progeny in the Deschutes River, Oregon, revealed with otolith microchemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:28:45","indexId":"70024255","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of steelhead and resident rainbow trout progeny in the Deschutes River, Oregon, revealed with otolith microchemistry","docAbstract":"Comparisons of strontium:calcium (Sr:Ca) ratios in otolith primordia and freshwater growth regions were used to identify the progeny of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss (anadromous rainbow trout) and resident rainbow trout in the Deschutes River, Oregon. We cultured progeny of known adult steelhead and resident rainbow trout to confirm the relationship between Sr:Ca ratios in otolith primordia and the life history of the maternal parent. The mean (??SD) Sr:Ca ratio was significantly higher in the otolith primordia of the progeny of steelhead (0.001461 ?? 0.00029; n = 100) than in those of the progeny of resident rainbow trout (0.000829 ?? 0.000012; n = 100). We used comparisons of Sr:Ca ratios in the primordia and first-summer growth regions of otoliths to determine the maternal origin of unknown O. mykiss juveniles (n = 272) collected from rearing habitats within the main-stem Deschutes River and tributary rearing habitats and thus to ascertain the relative proportion of each life history morph in each rearing habitat. Resident rainbow trout fry dominated the bi-monthly samples collected from main-stem rearing habitats between May and November 1995. Steelhead fry dominated samples collected from below waterfalls on two tributaries in 1996 and 1998.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(2002)131<0986:IOSARR>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, C.E., and Reeves, G., 2002, Identification of steelhead and resident rainbow trout progeny in the Deschutes River, Oregon, revealed with otolith microchemistry: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 131, no. 5, p. 986-993, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2002)131<0986:IOSARR>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"986","endPage":"993","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207206,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2002)131<0986:IOSARR>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":231957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a383ee4b0c8380cd614c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, G.H.","contributorId":37287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024091,"text":"70024091 - 2002 - Carbon dioxide emission rate of Kīlauea Volcano: Implications for primary magma and the summit reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-07T13:04:22","indexId":"70024091","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon dioxide emission rate of Kīlauea Volcano: Implications for primary magma and the summit reservoir","docAbstract":"<p><span>&nbsp;We report a CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;emission rate of 8500 metric tons per day (t d</span><span>&minus;1</span><span>) for the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, several times larger than previous estimates. It is based on three sets of measurements over 4 years of synchronous SO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;emission rates and volcanic CO</span><span>2</span><span>/SO</span><span>2</span><span>concentration ratios for the summit correlation spectrometer (COSPEC) traverse. Volcanic CO</span><span>2</span><span>/SO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;for the traverse is representative of the global ratio for summit emissions. The summit CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;emission rate is nearly constant, despite large temporal variations in summit CO</span><span>2</span><span>/SO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;and SO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;emission rates. Summit CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;emissions comprise most of Kīlauea's total CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;output (&sim;9000 t d</span><span>&minus;1</span><span>). The bulk CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;content of primary magma determined from CO</span><span>2</span><span>emission and magma supply rate data is &sim;0.70 wt %. Most of the CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;is present as exsolved vapor at summit reservoir depths, making the primary magma strongly buoyant. Turbulent mixing with resident reservoir magma, however, prevents frequent eruptions of buoyant primary magma in the summit region. CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;emissions confirm that the magma supply enters the edifice through the summit reservoir. A persistent several hundred parts per million CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;anomaly arises from the entry of magma into the summit reservoir beneath a square kilometer area east of Halemaumau pit crater. Since most of the CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;in primary magma is degassed in the summit, the summit CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;emission rate is an effective proxy for the magma supply rate. Both scrubbing of SO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;and solubility controls on CO</span><span>2</span><span>and S in basaltic melt cause high CO</span><span>2</span><span>/SO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;in summit emissions and spatially uncorrelated distributions of CO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;and SO</span><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;in the summit plume.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/2001JB000407","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Gerlach, T., McGee, K., Elias, T., Sutton, A.J., and Doukas, M., 2002, Carbon dioxide emission rate of Kīlauea Volcano: Implications for primary magma and the summit reservoir: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 107, no. 9, p. ECV 3-1-ECV 3-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000407.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"ECV 3-1","endPage":"ECV 3-15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jb000407","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f35fe4b0c8380cd4b764","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerlach, T.M.","contributorId":38713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerlach","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGee, K.A.","contributorId":6059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elias, T. 0000-0002-9592-4518","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4518","contributorId":71195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sutton, A. J. 0000-0003-1902-3977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-3977","contributorId":28983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doukas, M.P.","contributorId":28615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doukas","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70186434,"text":"70186434 - 2002 - Abundance: Population size and density estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T12:47:01","indexId":"70186434","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Abundance: Population size and density estimation","docAbstract":"<div class=\"para\"><p>Estimates of population size (total number of individuals) or density (number of individuals per unit area) are some of the most basic requirements for wildlife research and management. This article provides a brief overview of approaches for wildlife population estimation. These include habitat-based approaches such as quadrat, line intercept, distance, and repeated count methods, as well as animal-based approaches such as capture–recapture and harvest methods. In contrast to methods that only index changes in these parameters, estimates of size or density must account for the probability that an individual will be included in the sample used for estimation. The essential differences in the approaches are in how the samples are obtained and how the sampling probabilities are estimated.</p></div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, volume 1","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/9780470057339.vaa002","isbn":"9780470057339","usgsCitation":"Udevitz, M.S., and Gould, W., 2002, Abundance: Population size and density estimation, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, volume 1, v. 1, p. 4-11, https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470057339.vaa002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339153,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e4b0b3e4b09da67999779f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"El-Shaarawi, Abdel H.","contributorId":148056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"El-Shaarawi","given":"Abdel","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688468,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piegorsch, Walter W.","contributorId":112670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piegorsch","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688469,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gould, William R.","contributorId":63780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185172,"text":"70185172 - 2002 - Relating net nitrogen input in the Mississippi River Basin to nitrate flux in the Lower Mississippi River--A comparison of approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T09:01:50","indexId":"70185172","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relating net nitrogen input in the Mississippi River Basin to nitrate flux in the Lower Mississippi River--A comparison of approaches","docAbstract":"<p><span>A quantitative understanding of the relationship between terrestrial N inputs and riverine N flux can help guide conservation, policy, and adaptive management efforts aimed at preserving or restoring water quality. The objective of this study was to compare recently published approaches for relating terrestrial N inputs to the Mississippi River basin (MRB) with measured nitrate flux in the lower Mississippi River. Nitrogen inputs to and outputs from the MRB (1951 to 1996) were estimated from state-level annual agricultural production statistics and NO</span><i> <sub>y</sub> </i><span>(inorganic oxides of N) deposition estimates for 20 states that comprise 90% of the MRB. A model with water yield and gross N inputs accounted for 85% of the variation in observed annual nitrate flux in the lower Mississippi River, from 1960 to 1998, but tended to underestimate high nitrate flux and overestimate low nitrate flux. A model that used water yield and net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs (NANI) accounted for 95% of the variation in riverine N flux. The NANI approach accounted for N harvested in crops and assumed that crop harvest in excess of the nutritional needs of the humans and livestock in the basin would be exported from the basin. The U.S. White House Committee on Natural Resources and Environment (CENR) developed a more comprehensive N budget that included estimates of ammonia volatilization, denitrification, and exchanges with soil organic matter. The residual N in the CENR budget was weakly and negatively correlated with observed riverine nitrate flux. The CENR estimates of soil N mineralization and immobilization suggested that there were large (2000 kg N ha</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) net losses of soil organic N between 1951 and 1996. When the CENR N budget was modified by assuming that soil organic N levels have been relatively constant after 1950, and ammonia volatilization losses are redeposited within the basin, the trend of residual N closely matched temporal variation in NANI and was positively correlated with riverine nitrate flux in the lower Mississippi River. Based on results from applying these three modeling approaches, we conclude that although the NANI approach does not address several processes that influence the N cycle, it appears to focus on the terms that can be estimated with reasonable certainty and that are correlated with riverine N flux.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq2002.1610","usgsCitation":"McIsaac, G.F., David, M.B., Gertner, G.Z., and Goolsby, D.A., 2002, Relating net nitrogen input in the Mississippi River Basin to nitrate flux in the Lower Mississippi River--A comparison of approaches: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1610-1622, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2002.1610.","productDescription":"13 p. ","startPage":"1610","endPage":"1622","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d5e4b0849ce97c870a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIsaac, Gregory F.","contributorId":189364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIsaac","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"David, Mark B.","contributorId":43255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"David","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":35161,"text":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gertner, George Z.","contributorId":189365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gertner","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goolsby, Donald A.","contributorId":46083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1016307,"text":"1016307 - 2002 - Parental care in Tundra Swans during the pre-fledgling period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:50","indexId":"1016307","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parental care in Tundra Swans during the pre-fledgling period","docAbstract":"Among studies that have quantified the care of precocial young, few have investigated forms of parental care other than vigilance. During the pre-fledging period, Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus columbianus) parents provided simultaneous biparental care by foraging near each other and their cygnets, and cygnets spent more time foraging during bouts in which both parents were foraging nearby than when only one parent was foraging nearby. Parents spent nearly twice as much foraging time on land than did non-parents, a habitat in which cygnets foraged more intensely than parents (i.e., spent more time foraging during foraging bouts) and could graze on protein-rich sedges rather than use more difficult below-water foraging methods. Parents also spent more than twice as much time being vigilant and more than three times as much time defending their territory than non-parents, behaviors that presumably benefited cygents by decreasing predation risk and indirect foraging competition, respectively. Parents therefore incurred the costs of foraging less intensely during foraging bouts, spending more time interacting, more time in vigilance, and less time sleeping/preening than non-parents.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Earnst, S.L., 2002, Parental care in Tundra Swans during the pre-fledgling period: Waterbirds, v. 25, p. 268-277.","productDescription":"p. 268-277","startPage":"268","endPage":"277","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6891b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Earnst, Susan L. susan_earnst@usgs.gov","contributorId":4446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earnst","given":"Susan","email":"susan_earnst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185170,"text":"70185170 - 2002 - A review of bacterial methyl halide degradation: Biochemistry, genetics and molecular ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T09:25:52","indexId":"70185170","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1548,"text":"Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of bacterial methyl halide degradation: Biochemistry, genetics and molecular ecology","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Methyl halide‐degrading bacteria are a diverse group of organisms that are found in both terrestrial and marine environments. They potentially play an important role in mitigating ozone depletion resulting from methyl chloride and methyl bromide emissions. The first step in the pathway(s) of methyl halide degradation involves a methyltransferase and, recently, the presence of this pathway has been studied in a number of bacteria. This paper reviews the biochemistry and genetics of methyl halide utilization in the aerobic bacteria<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Methylobacterium chloromethanicum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>CM4<sup>T</sup>,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Hyphomicrobium chloromethanicum</i>CM2<sup>T</sup>,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Aminobacter</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strain IMB‐1 and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Aminobacter</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strain CC495. These bacteria are able to use methyl halides as a sole source of carbon and energy, are all members of the<span>&nbsp;</span><strong>α</strong>‐Proteobacteria and were isolated from a variety of polluted and pristine terrestrial environments. An understanding of the genetics of these bacteria identified a unique gene (<i>cmuA</i>) involved in the degradation of methyl halides, which codes for a protein (CmuA) with unique methyltransferase and corrinoid functions. This unique functional gene,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>cmuA</i>, is being used to develop molecular ecology techniques to examine the diversity and distribution of methyl halide‐utilizing bacteria in the environment and hopefully to understand their role in methyl halide degradation in different environments. These techniques will also enable the detection of potentially novel methyl halide‐degrading bacteria.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00290.x","usgsCitation":"McDonald, I., Warner, K., McAnulla, C., Woodall, C., Oremland, R., and Murrell, J., 2002, A review of bacterial methyl halide degradation: Biochemistry, genetics and molecular ecology: Environmental Microbiology, v. 4, no. 4, p. 193-203, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00290.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"203","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337675,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d5e4b0849ce97c870c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, I.R.","contributorId":23313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, K.L.","contributorId":73781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McAnulla, C.","contributorId":189363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McAnulla","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodall, C.A.","contributorId":33188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodall","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murrell, J.C.","contributorId":25731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murrell","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70185149,"text":"70185149 - 2002 - Anaerobic methane oxidation in a landfill-leachate plume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T14:08:53","indexId":"70185149","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anaerobic methane oxidation in a landfill-leachate plume","docAbstract":"<p><span>The alluvial aquifer adjacent to Norman Landfill, OK, provides an excellent natural laboratory for the study of anaerobic processes impacting landfill-leachate contaminated aquifers. We collected groundwaters from a transect of seven multilevel wells ranging in depth from 1.3 to 11 m that were oriented parallel to the flow path. The center of the leachate plume was characterized by (1) high alkalinity and elevated concentrations of total dissolved organic carbon, reduced iron, and methane, and (2) negligible oxygen, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations. Methane concentrations and stable carbon isotope (δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C) values suggest anaerobic methane oxidation was occurring within the plume and at its margins. Methane δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C values increased from about −54‰ near the source to &gt;−10‰ downgradient and at the plume margins. The isotopic fractionation associated with this methane oxidation was −13.6 ± 1.0‰. Methane </span><sup>13</sup><span>C enrichment indicated that 80−90% of the original landfill methane was oxidized over the 210-m transect. First-order rate constants ranged from 0.06 to 0.23 per year, and oxidation rates ranged from 18 to 230 μM/y. Overall, hydrochemical data suggest that a sulfate reducer-methanogen consortium may mediate this methane oxidation. These results demonstrate that natural attenuation through anaerobic methane oxidation can be an important sink for landfill methane in aquifer systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es015695y","usgsCitation":"Grossman, E.L., Cifuentes, L.A., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2002, Anaerobic methane oxidation in a landfill-leachate plume: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 36, no. 11, p. 2436-2442, https://doi.org/10.1021/es015695y.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"2436","endPage":"2442","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/94976","text":"External Repository"},{"id":337633,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d6e4b0849ce97c8710","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grossman, Ethan L.","contributorId":189344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grossman","given":"Ethan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cifuentes, Luis A.","contributorId":189345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cifuentes","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34980,"text":"Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1016310,"text":"1016310 - 2002 - American white pelican soaring flight times and altitudes relative to changes in thermal depth and intensity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:50","indexId":"1016310","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"American white pelican soaring flight times and altitudes relative to changes in thermal depth and intensity","docAbstract":"We compared American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) soaring flight times and altitudes to model-produced estimates of thermal depth and intensity. These data showed that pelican soaring flight was confined to the thermal layer, and that the vertical extent of the soaring flight envelope increased with increases in thermal depth. Pelicans soaring cross-country between foraging and breeding sites flew mainly within the middle of the thermal layer, regardless of its depth. In contrast, pelicans engaged in wandering flight near foraging sites typically confined their flight to the lower thermal layer. Pelicans soaring cross-country likely flew higher in the thermal layer to maximize cross-country soaring performance, while pelicans soaring locally presumably flew lower because additional altitude was unneeded for gliding short distances. An analysis of pelican flight times relative to model-produced estimates of thermal intensity suggested that pelicans began soaring as soon as sufficiently strong thermals developed daily.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Shannon, H., Young, G., Yates, M., Fuller, M.R., and Seegar, W., 2002, American white pelican soaring flight times and altitudes relative to changes in thermal depth and intensity: The Condor, v. 104, no. 3, p. 679-683.","productDescription":"p. 679-683","startPage":"679","endPage":"683","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6868cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shannon, H.D.","contributorId":30593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shannon","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, G.S.","contributorId":42569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yates, M.","contributorId":39750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seegar, W.","contributorId":29375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seegar","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1017168,"text":"1017168 - 2002 - Development of a benthic macroinvertebrate index to assess biological integrity the Ohio River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:34","indexId":"1017168","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"seriesTitle":{"id":486,"text":"Ohio Journal of Science","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":18}},"title":"Development of a benthic macroinvertebrate index to assess biological integrity the Ohio River","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ohio Journal of Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"02-046/FH","usgsCitation":"Applegate, J., Baumann, P.C., and Emery, E., 2002, Development of a benthic macroinvertebrate index to assess biological integrity the Ohio River, <i>in</i> Ohio Journal of Science, v. 102, no. 1, p. A-28.","productDescription":"p. A-28","startPage":"A","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db666ff9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Applegate, J.M.","contributorId":93443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applegate","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baumann, P. C.","contributorId":43297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baumann","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emery, E.E.","contributorId":92631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1016314,"text":"1016314 - 2002 - Epizootiology and effect of avian pox on Hawaiian forest birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:56:43","indexId":"1016314","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Epizootiology and effect of avian pox on Hawaiian forest birds","docAbstract":"<p><span>We determined prevalence and altitudinal distribution of forest birds infected with avian pox at 16 locations on Hawaii, from sea level to tree line in mesic and xeric habitats, during 1977–1980. Isolates from lesions were cultured in the laboratory for positive identification of </span><i>Poxvirus avium</i><span>. Infected birds from the wild were brought into the laboratory to assess differences in the course of infection in native versus introduced species. We also documented distributions and activity cycles of potential avian pox vectors.</span></p><p><span>Native forest birds were (1) more susceptible to avian pox infection than were introduced species, (2) most likely to be infected during the wet season, and (3) found to have a higher prevalence in mesic when compared to xeric forests. Avian pox occurred in forest birds at all elevations, but highest levels were in the mid-elevational ranges (∼1,200 m) where vectors and native birds had the greatest overlap. Temporal and elevational differences in prevalence were apparent throughout the annual cycle. Avian pox probably did not reach epizootic proportions on Hawaii until after introduction of the mosquito and domestic birds in the early 1800s, and since then has had a negative effect on the population dynamics of native forest birds. Today, this introduced disease is an important factor that should be considered in future conservation efforts that are directed at the recovery of native forest birds in Hawaii.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0929:EAEOAP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"van Riper, C., van Riper, S.G., and Hansen, W.R., 2002, Epizootiology and effect of avian pox on Hawaiian forest birds: The Auk, v. 119, no. 4, p. 929-942, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0929:EAEOAP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"929","endPage":"942","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70024323,"text":"70024323 - 2002 - Middle Palaeolithic refugium, or archaeological misconception? A new U-Series and radiocarbon chronology of Abric Agut (Capellades, Spain)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70024323","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2182,"text":"Journal of Archaeological Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Middle Palaeolithic refugium, or archaeological misconception? A new U-Series and radiocarbon chronology of Abric Agut (Capellades, Spain)","docAbstract":"New U-Series and C14 (AMS) dates are provided for the Abric Agut (Capellades, Barcelona, Spain). This site was previously considered to be of Middle Palaeolithic age according to the characteristics of the lithic assemblage. In addition, human teeth were uncovered and attributed to neandertals. However, radiometric dating clearly indicates a Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene age. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Archaeological Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/jasc.2001.0794","issn":"03054403","usgsCitation":"Vaquero, M., Esteban, M., Allue, E., Vallverdu, J., Carbonell, E., and Bischoff, J.L., 2002, Middle Palaeolithic refugium, or archaeological misconception? A new U-Series and radiocarbon chronology of Abric Agut (Capellades, Spain): Journal of Archaeological Science, v. 29, no. 9, p. 953-958, https://doi.org/10.1006/jasc.2001.0794.","startPage":"953","endPage":"958","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207122,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jasc.2001.0794"},{"id":231774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56d9e4b0c8380cd6d888","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vaquero, Manola","contributorId":86131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaquero","given":"Manola","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esteban, M.","contributorId":48349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esteban","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allue, E.","contributorId":20116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allue","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vallverdu, J.","contributorId":69326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallverdu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carbonell, E.","contributorId":88107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carbonell","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":2001554,"text":"2001554 - 2002 - Project summary, discussion, and recommendations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:58","indexId":"2001554","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":37,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"USGS/BRD/ITR-2002-0004","title":"Project summary, discussion, and recommendations","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"02-006/FH","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, C., Tillitt, D.E., Blazer, V., Gross, T., Denslow, N., Bartish, T., and Arnold, B., 2002, Project summary, discussion, and recommendations: Information and Technology Report USGS/BRD/ITR-2002-0004, p. 171-218.","productDescription":"p. 171-218","startPage":"171","endPage":"218","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198790,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d9f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gross, T. S.","contributorId":95828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"T. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Denslow, N. D.","contributorId":101606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Denslow","given":"N. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bartish, T.M.","contributorId":47890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartish","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arnold, B.S.","contributorId":56586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":2001557,"text":"2001557 - 2002 - Project Overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:58","indexId":"2001557","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":37,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"USGS/BRD/ITR-2002-0004","title":"Project Overview","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"02-003/FH","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, C., Tillitt, D.E., Dethloff, G., Bartish, T., Blazer, V., Gross, T., and Wright, B.E., 2002, Project Overview: Information and Technology Report USGS/BRD/ITR-2002-0004, p. 1-26.","productDescription":"p. 1-26","startPage":"1","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65da02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dethloff, G.M.","contributorId":78047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dethloff","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartish, T.M.","contributorId":47890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartish","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gross, T. S.","contributorId":95828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"T. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wright, B. E.","contributorId":41845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1016155,"text":"1016155 - 2002 - Links between worlds: Unraveling migratory connectivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T22:43:38","indexId":"1016155","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Links between worlds: Unraveling migratory connectivity","docAbstract":"Migration is the regular seasonal movement of animals from one place to another, often from a breeding site to a nonbreeding site and back. Because the act of migration makes it difficult to follow individuals and populations year round, our understanding of the ecology and evolution of migrating organisms, particularly birds, has been severely impeded. Exciting new advances in satellite telemetry, genetic analyses and stable isotope chemistry are now making it possible to determine the population and geographical origin of individual birds. Here, we review these new approaches and consider the relevance of understanding migratory connectivity to ecological, evolutionary and conservation issues.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02380-1","usgsCitation":"Webster, M., Marra, P., Haig, S.M., Bensch, S., and Holmes, R.T., 2002, Links between worlds: Unraveling migratory connectivity: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 17, no. 2, p. 76-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02380-1.","startPage":"76","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268075,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02380-1"},{"id":133399,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a5105","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webster, M.","contributorId":48925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marra, P.P.","contributorId":90683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marra","given":"P.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bensch, S.","contributorId":37699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bensch","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holmes, Richard T.","contributorId":45269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1017428,"text":"1017428 - 2002 - Pintails on the move","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T13:26:06","indexId":"1017428","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1157,"text":"California Waterfowl","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pintails on the move","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Waterfowl","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Miller, M., Fleskes, J., Orthmeyer, D., Takekawa, J.Y., Casazza, M.L., and Perry, B., 2002, Pintails on the move: California Waterfowl, no. Aug/Sep, p. 8, 10-13.","productDescription":"p. 8, 10-13","startPage":"8, 10","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"Aug/Sep","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66ccfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M.","contributorId":13178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleskes, J.","contributorId":50469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orthmeyer, D.","contributorId":86302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":324888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Perry, B.","contributorId":102435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1016220,"text":"1016220 - 2002 - Golden eagles in the U.S. and Canada: Status, trends, and conservation challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:51","indexId":"1016220","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Golden eagles in the U.S. and Canada: Status, trends, and conservation challenges","docAbstract":"We reviewed the literature to assess status and population trends and to identify mortality\r\nfactors affecting Golden Eagle populations in the U.S. and Canada. Nesting populations in Alaska and Canada are stable, but some nesting populations in the western U.S. have declined. Small but steady declines in the intermountain West have been associated with shrub loss and declining jackrabbit populations; declines in southern California have been attributed to urbanization. Migration counts in the eastern U.S. suggest a decline in Golden Eagles from the 1930s to the early 1970s, with a stable or increasing trend since the early 1970s. No significant trends in migration counts were reported for Golden Eagles in the western U.S. sincet he mid-1980s. Western migration count sites on the continental\r\ndivide in the Rocky Mountains at or just north of the U.S.-Canadian border (49-51??N latitude) show potential to provide information on trends of Golden Eagle populations from Alaska and western Canada. Most eagle mortality is human related. This paper illustrates the need for more effective monitoring of Golden Eagle populations in North America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kochert, M.N., and Steenhof, K., 2002, Golden eagles in the U.S. and Canada: Status, trends, and conservation challenges: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 36, p. 32-40.","productDescription":"p. 32-40","startPage":"32","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a49bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kochert, Michael N. 0000-0002-4380-3298 mkochert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-3298","contributorId":3037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochert","given":"Michael","email":"mkochert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steenhof, Karen karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","contributorId":30585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhof","given":"Karen","email":"karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":323758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1016221,"text":"1016221 - 2002 - Abundances of northwestern salamander larvae in montane lakes with and without fish, Mount Rainier National Park, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:00","indexId":"1016221","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundances of northwestern salamander larvae in montane lakes with and without fish, Mount Rainier National Park, Washington","docAbstract":"In Mount Rainier National Park, the northwestern salamander usually inhabits relatively large and deep lakes and ponds (average size = 0.3 ha; average depth > 2 m) that contain flocculent, organic bottom sediments and abundant coarse wood. Prior to 1970, salmonids were introduced into many of the park's lakes and ponds that were typical habitat of the northwestern salamander. The objective of this study was to compare, in lakes and ponds with suitable habitat characteristics for northwestern salamanders, the observed abundances of larvae in takes and ponds with and without these introduced salmonids. Day surveys of 61 lakes were conducted between 1993 and 1999. Fish were limited to takes and ponds deeper than 2 in. For the 48 lakes and ponds deeper than 2 in (i.e., 25 fishless lakes and 23 fish lakes), the mean and median observed abundances of northwestern salamander larvae in fishless lakes and ponds was significantly greater than the mean and median observed abundances of larvae in lakes and ponds with fish. Northwestern salamander larvae were not observed in 11 fish lakes. These lakes were similar in median elevation, surface area, and maximum depth to the fishless lakes. The 12 fish lakes with observed larvae were significantly lower in median elevation, larger in median surface area, and deeper in median maximum depth than the fishless lakes. Low to null observed abundances of northwestern salamander larvae in lakes and ponds with fish were attributed to a combination of fish predation of larvae and changes in larval behavior.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Larson, G.L., and Hoffman, R.L., 2002, Abundances of northwestern salamander larvae in montane lakes with and without fish, Mount Rainier National Park, Washington: Northwest Science, v. 76, no. 1, p. 35-40.","productDescription":"p. 35-40","startPage":"35","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Gary L. gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Gary","email":"gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":323759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, Robert L.","contributorId":52931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1016224,"text":"1016224 - 2002 - Residency and movement patterns of wintering dunlin in the Willamette Valley of Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T15:32:58.386114","indexId":"1016224","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residency and movement patterns of wintering dunlin in the Willamette Valley of Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the winters of 1998–1999 and 1999–2000, we tracked 67 radio-marked Dunlin (</span><i>Calidris alpina</i><span>) throughout the complex agricultural landscape of the Willamette Valley of Oregon. Individual birds were tracked across 8-week sampling periods and indicated a high degree of regional fidelity throughout the three winter sampling periods. Birds exhibited varied degrees of fidelity to specific wetland sites and were detected at an average of nine different sites. Distances traveled within the region were extensive and greatest during late winter. Females ranged farther from capture sites than males, and movement from capture sites for all birds was greatest during late winter. Mean home-range size (95% minimum convex polygons) of birds was 258.2 ± 44.8 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;(SE) and was greatest during late winter. Diurnal roosts were identified as centers of activities and daily movements were most pronounced during crepuscular periods. These data represent the most extensive documentation of winter movements for a shorebird at an inland site. Findings indicate Dunlin were winter residents, and extensive local movements suggest a high degree of functional connectivity of habitats.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/104.2.271","usgsCitation":"Sanzenbacher, P.M., and Haig, S.M., 2002, Residency and movement patterns of wintering dunlin in the Willamette Valley of Oregon: Condor, v. 104, no. 2, p. 271-280, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.2.271.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"280","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478801,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.2.271","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.5577392578125,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.34374999999999,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.34374999999999,\n              45.61403741135093\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.5577392578125,\n              45.61403741135093\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.5577392578125,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697427","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanzenbacher, Peter M.","contributorId":90260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanzenbacher","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13016,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":323767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023817,"text":"70023817 - 2002 - Effects of fire and post-fire salvage logging on avian communities in conifer-dominated forests of the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:13","indexId":"70023817","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of fire and post-fire salvage logging on avian communities in conifer-dominated forests of the western United States","docAbstract":"Historically, fire was one of the most widespread natural disturbances in the western United States. More recently, however, significant anthropogenic activities, especially fire suppression and silvicultural practices, have altered fire regimes; as a result, landscapes and associated communities have changed as well. Herein, we review current knowledge of how fire and post-fire salvaging practices affect avian communities in conifer-dominated forests of the western United States. Specifically, we contrast avian communities in (1) burned vs. unburned forest, and (2) unsalvaged vs. salvage-logged burns. We also examine how variation in burn characteristics (e.g., severity, age, size) and salvage logging can alter avian communities in burns. Of the 41 avian species observed in three or more studies comparing early post-fire and adjacent unburned forests, 22% are consistently more abundant in burned forests, 34% are usually more abundant in unburned forests, and 44% are equally abundant in burned and unburned forests or have varied responses. In general, woodpeckers and aerial foragers are more abundant in burned forest, whereas most foliage-gleaning species are more abundant in unburned forests. Bird species that are frequently observed in stand-replacement burns are less common in understory burns; similarly, species commonly observed in unburned forests often decrease in abundance with increasing burn severity. Granivores and species common in open-canopy forests exhibit less consistency among studies. For all species, responses to fire may be influenced by a number of factors including burn severity, fire size and shape, proximity to unburned forests, pre- and post-fire cover types, and time since fire. In addition, post-fire management can alter species' responses to burns. Most cavity-nesting species do not use severely salvaged burns, whereas some cavity-nesters persist in partially salvaged burns. Early post-fire specialists, in particular, appear to prefer unsalvaged burns. We discuss several alternatives to severe salvage-logging that will help provide habitat for cavity nesters. We provide an overview of critical research questions and design considerations crucial for evaluating the effects of prescribed fire and other anthropogenic disturbances, such as forest fragmentation. Management of native avifaunas may be most successful if natural disturbance regimes, including fire, are permitted to occur when possible. Natural fires could be augmented with practices, such as prescribed fire (including high-severity fire), that mimic inherent disturbance regimes.","largerWorkTitle":"Studies in Avian Biology","language":"English","issn":"01979922","usgsCitation":"Kotliar, N., Hejl, S., Hutto, R., Saab, V., Melcher, C., and McFadzen, M., 2002, Effects of fire and post-fire salvage logging on avian communities in conifer-dominated forests of the western United States, <i>in</i> Studies in Avian Biology, no. 25, p. 49-64.","startPage":"49","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06ede4b0c8380cd514ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kotliar, N.B.","contributorId":7649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotliar","given":"N.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hejl, S.J.","contributorId":71916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hejl","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutto, R.L.","contributorId":29347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutto","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saab, V.A.","contributorId":70328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saab","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melcher, Cynthia","contributorId":101593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melcher","given":"Cynthia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McFadzen, M.E.","contributorId":87878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFadzen","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":2002049,"text":"2002049 - 2002 - Polar Bears","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":2002049,"text":"2002049 - 2002 - Polar Bears","indexId":"2002049","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"chapter":"8","title":"Polar Bears"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T11:11:31","indexId":"2002049","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9,"text":"Biological Science Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2002-0001","chapter":"8","title":"Polar Bears","docAbstract":"<p>Polar bears (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>) are hunted throughout most of their range. In addition to hunting polar bears of the Beaufort Sea region are exposed to mineral and petroleum extraction and related human activities such as shipping road-building, and seismic testing (Stirling 1990).</p><p>Little was known at the start of this project about how polar bears move about in their environment, and although it was understood that many bears travel across political borders, the boundaries of populations had not been delineated (Amstrup 1986, Amstrup et al. 1986, Amstrup and DeMaster 1988, Garner et al. 1994, Amstrup 1995, Amstrup et al. 1995, Amstrup 2000).</p><p>As human populations increase and demands for polar bears and other arctic resources escalate, managers must know the sizes and distributions of the polar bear populations. Resource managers also need reliable estimates of breeding rates, reproductive intervals, litter sizes, and survival of young and adults.</p><p>Our objectives for this research were 1) to determine the seasonal and annual movements of polar bears in the Beaufort Sea, 2) to define the boundaries of the population(s) using this region, 3) to determine the size and status of the Beaufort Sea polar bear population, and 4) to establish reproduction and survival rates (Amstrup 2000).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries (Biological Science Report USGS/BRD/BSR-2002-0001)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Amstrup, S.C., 2002, Polar Bears: Biological Science Report 2002-0001, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"70","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Refuge Coastal Plain, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.5947265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.5947265625,\n              70.74347779138229\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              70.74347779138229\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6849bd","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698041,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Patricia E.","contributorId":71056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698042,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rhode, E. B.","contributorId":73156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhode","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698043,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":325945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023818,"text":"70023818 - 2002 - A compact high-resolution 3-D imaging spectrometer for discovering Oases on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:13","indexId":"70023818","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A compact high-resolution 3-D imaging spectrometer for discovering Oases on Mars","docAbstract":"A new design for a very lightweight, very high throughput reflectance sectrometer enabled by two new technologies being developed is presented. These new technologies include integral field unit optics to enable simultaneous imaging and spectroscopy at high spatial resolution with an infrared (IR) array, and silicon grisms to enable compact and high-resolution spectroscopy.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology V","conferenceDate":"22 August 2002 through 23 August 2002","conferenceLocation":"Waikoloa, HI","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.457334","issn":"0277786X","usgsCitation":"Ge, J., Ren, D., Lunine, J., Brown, R.H., Yelle, R., and Soderblom, L., 2002, A compact high-resolution 3-D imaging spectrometer for discovering Oases on Mars, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 4859, Waikoloa, HI, 22 August 2002 through 23 August 2002, p. 45-56, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.457334.","startPage":"45","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207510,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.457334"},{"id":232512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4859","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e34ce4b0c8380cd45f59","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hoover R.B.Rozanov A.Y.Paepe R.R.","contributorId":128388,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Hoover R.B.Rozanov A.Y.Paepe R.R.","id":536506,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Ge, J.","contributorId":14980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ren, D.","contributorId":79212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ren","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lunine, J. I.","contributorId":51899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lunine","given":"J. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yelle, R.V.","contributorId":74523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yelle","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1016181,"text":"1016181 - 2002 - Long-term patterns of diameter and basal area growth of old-growth Douglas-fir trees in western Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:00","indexId":"1016181","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term patterns of diameter and basal area growth of old-growth Douglas-fir trees in western Oregon","docAbstract":"Diameter growth and age data collected from stumps of 505 recently cut old-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees at 28 sample locations in western Oregon (U.S.A.) indicated that rapid early and sustained growth of old Douglas-fir trees were extremely important in terms of attaining large diameters at ages 100a??300 years. The diameters of the trees at ages 100a??300 years (D100a??D300) were strongly, positively, and linearly related to their diameters and basal area growth rates at age 50 years. Average periodic basal area increments (PAIBA) of all trees increased for the first 30a??40 years and then plateaued, remaining relatively high and constant from age 50 to 300 years. Average PAIBA of the largest trees at ages 100a??300 years were significantly greater by age 20 years than were those of smaller trees at ages 100a??300 years. The site factors province, site class, slope, aspect, elevation, and establishment year accounted for little of the variation observed in basal area growth at age 50 years and D100a??D300. The mean age range for old-growth Douglas-fir at the sample locations was wide (174 years). The hypothesis that large-diameter old-growth Douglas-fir developed at low stand densities was supported by these observations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Poage, N., and Tappeiner, J.C., 2002, Long-term patterns of diameter and basal area growth of old-growth Douglas-fir trees in western Oregon: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 32, no. 7, p. 1232-1243.","productDescription":"p. 1232-1243","startPage":"1232","endPage":"1243","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63ef3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poage, Nathan","contributorId":99950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poage","given":"Nathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tappeiner, J. C. II","contributorId":103235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappeiner","given":"J.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1016180,"text":"1016180 - 2002 - Ascaphus trueii (Tailed frog). Albinism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T16:45:02","indexId":"1016180","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"<i>Ascaphus trueii </i>(Tailed frog). Albinism","title":"Ascaphus trueii (Tailed frog). Albinism","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Pearl, C., Major, D., and Bury, R.B., 2002, Ascaphus trueii (Tailed frog). Albinism: Herpetological Review, v. 33, no. 2, p. 123-123.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"123","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672bbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearl, Christopher A. 0000-0003-2943-7321","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7321","contributorId":84316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearl","given":"Christopher A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":323685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Major, D.J.","contributorId":82662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bury, R. Bruce buryb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bury","given":"R.","email":"buryb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":323683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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