Most cases of adoption in Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) occur when a chick leaves (or is moved from) its nest site and adopts new parents (Ian Nisbet, pers. comm.). It is not known to what extent similar behavior occurs in Roseate Terns (S. dougallii), however, because (except for studies of chick-provisioning Richards and Schew 1989, Teets 1998, Shealer 1999) until recently, little behavioral work has been done with chicks of this endangered species (Nisbet 1989, Schew and Richards 1989, Grinnell and Spendelow 2000). Here we report a case where a pair of Roseate Terns abandoned their egg a few days prior to the hatching of the chick. Another pair took over incubation of the egg and then raised the chick to fledging, demonstrating that an adoption can be initiated by adult terns.
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Actual spent dyebaths from a textile plant were ozonated to remove color. The ozonated and untreated control dyebaths were diluted to produce wastewaters similar in dissolved solids content to wastewaters typically discharged by a textile plant. These wastewaters were subjected to biological treatment, and effluent generated by the biological treatment was tested for toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia (C dubia). Higher reproduction in the ozonated wastewaters compared to those receiving only biological treatment suggested that ozonation of the spent dyebath tended to reduce the toxicity imparted by the wastewater after biological treatment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"AATCC Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists http://www.aatcc.org/ 5733_Perkins.pdf","usgsCitation":"Perkins, W., Law, S., Smith, M.C., Winger, P.V., and Lasier, P., 2001, Biological treatability and environmental impact of ozonation of spent reactive dyebaths: AATCC Review, v. 1, no. 2, p. 39-43.","productDescription":"39-43","startPage":"39","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db62323c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, W.S.","contributorId":84874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Law, S.E.","contributorId":15735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Law","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, M. C.","contributorId":97116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winger, P. V.","contributorId":43075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winger","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lasier, P. J.","contributorId":79201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasier","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224083,"text":"5224083 - 2001 - Systems identification and the adaptive management of waterfowl in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:08","indexId":"5224083","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Systems identification and the adaptive management of waterfowl in the United States","docAbstract":"Waterfowl management in the United States is one of the more visible conservation success stories in the United States. It is authorized and supported by appropriate legislative authorities, based on large-scale monitoring programs, and widely accepted by the public. The process is one of only a limited number of large-scale examples of effective collaboration between research and management, integrating scientific information with management in a coherent framework for regulatory decision-making. However, harvest management continues to face some serious technical problems, many of which focus on sequential identification of the resource system in a context of optimal decision-making. The objective of this paper is to provide a theoretical foundation of adaptive harvest management, the approach currently in use in the United States for regulatory decision-making. We lay out the legal and institutional framework for adaptive harvest management and provide a formal description of regulatory decision-making in terms of adaptive optimization. We discuss some technical and institutional challenges in applying adaptive harvest management and focus specifically on methods of estimating resource states for linear resource systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"5741_Williams.pdf","usgsCitation":"Williams, B.K., and Nichols, J., 2001, Systems identification and the adaptive management of waterfowl in the United States: Wildlife Biology, v. 7, no. 3, p. 223-236.","productDescription":"223-236","startPage":"223","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17389,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.wildlifebiology.com/Articles/en/View-340.aspx","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":200209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db6878ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, B. 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","language":"English","publisher":"Southwestern Association of Naturalists","doi":"10.2307/3672382","usgsCitation":"Bonine, K.E., Dayton, G.H., and Jung, R., 2001, Attempted predation of Couch's spadefoot (Scaphicpus couchii) juveniles by ants (Aphaenogaster cockerelli): Southwestern Naturalist, v. 46, no. 1, p. 104-106, https://doi.org/10.2307/3672382.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"104","endPage":"106","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200220,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Big Bend National Park, Bone Spring Wash, Paint Gap Tank","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.36735123283104,\n 29.420348127483805\n ],\n [\n -103.36735123283104,\n 29.377724902937274\n ],\n [\n -103.27757233268458,\n 29.377724902937274\n ],\n [\n -103.27757233268458,\n 29.420348127483805\n ],\n [\n -103.36735123283104,\n 29.420348127483805\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.22492162612937,\n 29.625525884533005\n ],\n [\n -103.22492162612937,\n 29.594035354647644\n ],\n [\n -103.15677205947902,\n 29.594035354647644\n ],\n [\n -103.15677205947902,\n 29.625525884533005\n ],\n [\n -103.22492162612937,\n 29.625525884533005\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6693b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonine, K. 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In the 1980s, it was necessary at times to inseminate females with semen from several males during the breeding season or with semen from multiple males simultaneously due to unknown sperm viability of the breeding males. The goals of this study were to apply microsatellite DNA profiles to resolve uncertain paternities and to use these results to evaluate the current paternity assignment assumptions used by captive managers. Microsatellite DNA profiles were successful in resolving 20 of 23 paternity questions. When resolved paternities were coupled with data on insemination timing, substantial information was revealed on fertilization timing in captive whooping cranes. Delayed fertilization from inseminations 6+ days pre-oviposition suggests capability of sperm storage.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Zoo Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"5769_Jones.pdf","usgsCitation":"Jones, K., and Nicolich, J.M., 2001, Artificial insemination in captive Whooping Cranes: Results from genetic analyses: Zoo Biology, v. 20, no. 4, p. 331-342.","productDescription":"331-342","startPage":"331","endPage":"342","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17392,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/86010635/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672c23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, K.L.","contributorId":102024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicolich, Jane M.","contributorId":8045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicolich","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224097,"text":"5224097 - 2001 - Using open robust design models to estimate temporary emigration from capture-recapture data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-24T15:30:12.436335","indexId":"5224097","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using open robust design models to estimate temporary emigration from capture-recapture data","docAbstract":"Capture-recapture studies are crucial in many circumstances for estimating demographic parameters for wildlife and fish populations. Pollock's robust design, involving multiple sampling occasions per period of interest, provides several advantages over classical approaches. This includes the ability to estimate the probability of being present and available for detection, which in some situations is equivalent to breeding probability. We present a model for estimating availability for detection that relaxes two assumptions required in previous approaches. The first is that the sampled population is closed to additions and deletions across samples within a period of interest. The second is that each member of the population has the same probability of being available for detection in a given period. We apply our model to estimate survival and breeding probability in a study of hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata), where previous approaches are not appropriate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.0006-341X.2001.01113.x","usgsCitation":"Kendall, W.L., and Bjorkland, R., 2001, Using open robust design models to estimate temporary emigration from capture-recapture data: Biometrics, v. 57, no. 4, p. 1113-1122, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.2001.01113.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1113","endPage":"1122","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a8e4b07f02db5c350d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, William L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":204844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":340544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjorkland, R.","contributorId":65581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjorkland","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224080,"text":"5224080 - 2001 - Of cranes and men: Reintroduction of cranes to a migratory pathway - Part I","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:59:08","indexId":"5224080","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2191,"text":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Of cranes and men: Reintroduction of cranes to a migratory pathway - Part I","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Part II published in v. 15 #4, 2001, p. 316-322 5736_Olsen.pdf","usgsCitation":"Olsen, G.H., 2001, Of cranes and men: Reintroduction of cranes to a migratory pathway - Part I: Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, v. 15, no. 2, p. 133-137.","productDescription":"133-137","startPage":"133","endPage":"137","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17388,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1647%2F1082-6742(2001)015[0133%3AOCAMRO]2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691faf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224121,"text":"5224121 - 2001 - Maternal steroids and contaminants in common tern eggs: A mechanism of endocrine disruption?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-06T15:16:15","indexId":"5224121","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1296,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Maternal steroids and contaminants in common tern eggs: A mechanism of endocrine disruption?","docAbstract":"We looked for evidence for the hypothesis that exposure of female birds to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) results in alteration of blood steroid hormone concentrations and alters subsequent hormone transfer of steroids to eggs. Eggs of three-egg clutches were collected from a PCB-exposed common tern (Sterna hirundo) colony (Ram Island, Buzzards Bay, MA, USA) and from a relatively clean colony (Bodkin Island, Chesapeake Bay, MD, USA), and were analyzed for concentrations of organochlorine contaminants and steroid hormones (17β-estradiol, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone and androstenedione). There was no relationship between total PCBs and steroid concentrations considering all eggs together, considering eggs of different laying order or considering differences between sequentially laid eggs in a clutch. Similarly, concentrations of di- and tri-chlorinated biphenyls and steroids in eggs were not related. The concentrations of PCBs, mercury and selenium were below estimated thresholds for toxicity to embryos. Maternal steroids, except estradiol, were present in yolk of all eggs, with increasing concentrations in the second and third eggs laid. Our data provided no evidence for a maternal toxicological event that might alter the amount of maternal steroid hormone transferred to eggs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1532-0456(00)00181-2","usgsCitation":"French, J., Nisbet, I., and Schwabl, H., 2001, Maternal steroids and contaminants in common tern eggs: A mechanism of endocrine disruption?: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, v. 128, no. 1, p. 91-98, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1532-0456(00)00181-2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"98","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db60ff77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, J.B. 0000-0001-8901-7092","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8901-7092","contributorId":13944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nisbet, I.C.T.","contributorId":54942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nisbet","given":"I.C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwabl, H.","contributorId":45811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwabl","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224123,"text":"5224123 - 2001 - Identifying and assessing ecotourism visitor impacts at selected protected areas in Costa Rica and Belize","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-12T15:12:36.615519","indexId":"5224123","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1531,"text":"Environmental Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying and assessing ecotourism visitor impacts at selected protected areas in Costa Rica and Belize","docAbstract":"Protected area visitation is an important component of ecotourism, and as such, must be sustainable. However, protected area visitation may degrade natural resources, particularly in areas of concentrated visitor activities like trails and recreation sites. This is an important concern in ecotourism destinations such as Belize and Costa Rica, because they actively promote ecotourism and emphasize the pristine qualities of their natural resources. Research on visitor impacts to protected areas has many potential applications in protected area management, though it has not been widely applied in Central and South America. This study targeted this deficiency through manager interviews and evaluations of alternative impact assessment procedures at eight protected areas in Belize and Costa Rica. Impact assessment procedures included qualitative condition class systems, ratings systems, and measurement-based systems applied to trails and recreation sites. The resulting data characterize manager perceptions of impact problems, document trail and recreation site impacts, and provide examples of inexpensive, efficient and effective rapid impact assessment procedures. Interview subjects reported a variety of impacts affecting trails, recreation sites, wildlife, water, attraction features and other resources. Standardized assessment procedures were developed and applied to record trail and recreation site impacts. Impacts affecting the study areas included trail proliferation, erosion and widening, muddiness on trails, vegetation cover loss, soil and root exposure, and tree damage on recreation sites. The findings also illustrate the types of assessment data yielded by several alternative methods and demonstrate their utility to protected area managers. The need for additional rapid assessment procedures for wildlife, water, attraction feature and other resource impacts was also identified.","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0376892901000224","usgsCitation":"Farrell, T.A., and Marion, J., 2001, Identifying and assessing ecotourism visitor impacts at selected protected areas in Costa Rica and Belize: Environmental Conservation, v. 28, no. 3, p. 215-225, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892901000224.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"225","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478810,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0376892901000224","text":"External Repository"},{"id":203053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Belize, Costa Rica","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-82.96578,8.22503],[-83.50844,8.44693],[-83.71147,8.65684],[-83.59631,8.83044],[-83.63264,9.05139],[-83.90989,9.2908],[-84.3034,9.48735],[-84.64764,9.61554],[-84.71335,9.90805],[-84.97566,10.08672],[-84.91137,9.79599],[-85.11092,9.55704],[-85.33949,9.83454],[-85.66079,9.93335],[-85.79744,10.13489],[-85.79171,10.43934],[-85.65931,10.75433],[-85.94173,10.89528],[-85.71254,11.08844],[-85.56185,11.21712],[-84.903,10.9523],[-84.67307,11.08266],[-84.35593,10.99923],[-84.19018,10.79345],[-83.89505,10.72684],[-83.65561,10.93876],[-83.40232,10.39544],[-83.01568,9.99298],[-82.5462,9.56613],[-82.93289,9.47681],[-82.92715,9.07433],[-82.71918,8.92571],[-82.86866,8.80727],[-82.82977,8.6263],[-82.91318,8.42352],[-82.96578,8.22503]]],[[[-89.14308,17.80832],[-89.15091,17.95547],[-89.02986,18.00151],[-88.84834,17.8832],[-88.49012,18.48683],[-88.30003,18.49998],[-88.29634,18.35327],[-88.10681,18.34867],[-88.12348,18.07667],[-88.28535,17.64414],[-88.19787,17.48948],[-88.30264,17.13169],[-88.23952,17.03607],[-88.35543,16.53077],[-88.55182,16.26547],[-88.73243,16.23363],[-88.93061,15.88727],[-89.22912,15.88694],[-89.15081,17.01558],[-89.14308,17.80832]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Costa Rica\"}}]}","volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8eff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farrell, T. A.","contributorId":100982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marion, J. L. 0000-0003-2226-689X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-689X","contributorId":10888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224054,"text":"5224054 - 2001 - Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of exposure in brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the tidal Potomac River, USA, watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-12T16:15:25.203832","indexId":"5224054","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of exposure in brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the tidal Potomac River, USA, watershed","title":"Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of exposure in brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the tidal Potomac River, USA, watershed","docAbstract":"Associations between contaminant exposure and liver and skin tumor prevalence were evaluated in brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the tidal Potomac River, USA, watershed. Thirty bullheads (≥ age 3) were collected from Quantico embayment, near a Superfund site that released organochlorine contaminants; Neabsco Creek, a tributary with petroleum inputs from runoff and marinas; and Anacostia River (spring and fall), an urban tributary designated as a Chesapeake Bay region of concern, that was contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and organochlorine pesticides. Fish were collected from the Tuckahoe River, as a reference. Cytochrome P450 activity, bile PAH metabolites, and muscle organochlorine pesticide and PCB concentrations were measured in randomly selected individuals and sediment contaminants were analyzed. We found statistically significant differences in liver tumor prevalences: Anacostia (spring), 50%; Anacostia (fall), 60%; Neabsco, 17%; Quantico, 7%; and Tuckahoe, 10%. Skin tumor prevalences were significantly different: Anacostia (spring), 37%; Anacostia (fall), 10%; Neabsco, 3%; Quantico, 3%; and Tuckahoe, 0%. Tumor prevalence in Anacostia bullheads warrants concern and was similar to those at highly contaminated sites in the Great Lakes. Evidence was found of higher PAH exposure in Anacostia fish but a cause-effect linkage could not be established. Fish tumor surveys, with histopathologic examination of internal and external organs, are recommended for monitoring the status of regions of concern.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620200608","usgsCitation":"Pinkney, A., Harshbarger, J., May, E., and Melancon, M.J., 2001, Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of exposure in brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the tidal Potomac River, USA, watershed: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 20, no. 6, p. 1196-1205, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620200608.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1196","endPage":"1205","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.300048828125,\n 37.87702138607635\n ],\n [\n -76.33575439453125,\n 38.048091067457236\n ],\n [\n -76.4044189453125,\n 38.20797181420939\n ],\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 38.28346905497185\n ],\n [\n -76.7669677734375,\n 38.36750215395045\n ],\n [\n -76.89605712890625,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -77.0196533203125,\n 38.53097889440024\n ],\n [\n -77.11578369140625,\n 38.487994609214795\n ],\n [\n -77.2119140625,\n 38.4428334985915\n ],\n [\n -77.1624755859375,\n 38.40410147066251\n ],\n [\n -77.22564697265625,\n 38.39979663000095\n ],\n [\n -77.2503662109375,\n 38.50519140240356\n ],\n [\n -77.16796875,\n 38.556757147352215\n ],\n [\n -77.0855712890625,\n 38.62974534092597\n ],\n [\n -77.091064453125,\n 38.676933444637925\n ],\n [\n -76.981201171875,\n 38.67907761983558\n ],\n [\n -76.96746826171875,\n 38.865374851611634\n ],\n [\n -76.99493408203125,\n 38.8824811975508\n ],\n [\n -77.069091796875,\n 38.89744587262311\n ],\n [\n -77.08831787109375,\n 38.74551518488265\n ],\n [\n -77.13226318359375,\n 38.7283759182398\n ],\n [\n -77.266845703125,\n 38.6833657775237\n ],\n [\n -77.3162841796875,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -77.398681640625,\n 38.47294404791815\n ],\n [\n -77.376708984375,\n 38.32226566803644\n ],\n [\n -77.113037109375,\n 38.29424797320529\n ],\n [\n -77.04711914062499,\n 38.199338565983844\n ],\n [\n -76.75872802734374,\n 38.07836562996712\n ],\n [\n -76.61590576171875,\n 38.02213147353745\n ],\n [\n -76.51702880859374,\n 37.92903406232562\n ],\n [\n -76.300048828125,\n 37.87702138607635\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db6241ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pinkney, A.E.","contributorId":87501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinkney","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harshbarger, J.C.","contributorId":18303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harshbarger","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, E.B.","contributorId":6406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224073,"text":"5224073 - 2001 - Managing birds and controlling aircraft in the Kennedy Airport-Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge complex: The need for hard data and soft opinions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-12T15:24:06.364271","indexId":"5224073","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managing birds and controlling aircraft in the Kennedy Airport-Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge complex: The need for hard data and soft opinions","docAbstract":"During the 1980s, the exponential growth of laughing gull (Larus atricilla) colonies, from 15 to about 7600 nests in 1990, in the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge and a correlated increase in the bird-strike rate at nearby John F. Kennedy International Airport (New York City) led to a controversy between wildlife and airport managers over the elimination of the colonies. In this paper, we review data to evaluate if: (1) the colonies have increased the level of risk to the flying public; (2) on-colony population control would reduce the presence of gulls, and subsequently bird strikes, at the airport; and (3) all on-airport management alternatives have been adequately implemented. Since 1979, most (2987, 87%) of the 3444 bird strikes (number of aircraft struck) were actually bird carcasses found near runways (cause of death unknown but assumed to be bird strikes by definition). Of the 457 pilot-reported strikes (mean = 23 ± 6 aircraft/yr, N= 20 years), 78 (17%) involved laughing gulls. Since a gull-shooting program was initiated on airport property in 1991, over 50,000 adult laughing gulls have been killed and the number of reported bird strikes involving laughing gulls has declined from 6.9 ± 2.9 (1983–1990) to 2.6 ± 1.3 (1991–1998) aircraft/yr; nongull reported bird strikes, however, have more than doubled (6.4 ± 2.6, 1983–1990; 14.9 ± 5.1, 1991–1998). We found no evidence to indicate that on-colony management would yield a reduction of bird strikes at Kennedy Airport. Dietary and mark–recapture studies suggest that 60%–90% of the laughing gulls collected on-airport were either failed breeders and/or nonbreeding birds. We argue that the Jamaica Bay laughing gull colonies, the only ones in New York State, should not be managed at least until all on-airport management alternatives have been properly implemented and demonstrated to be ineffective at reducing bird strikes, including habitat alterations and increasing the capability of the bird control unit to eliminate bird flocks on-airport using nonlethal bird dispersal techniques. Because the gull-shooting program may be resulting in a nonsustainable regional population of laughing gulls (>30% decline), we also recommend that attempts be made to initiate an experimental colony elsewhere on Long Island to determine if colony relocation is a feasible management option.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s002670010219","usgsCitation":"Brown, K.M., Erwin, R., Richmond, M.E., Buckley, P.A., Tanacredi, J., and Avrin, D., 2001, Managing birds and controlling aircraft in the Kennedy Airport-Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge complex: The need for hard data and soft opinions: Environmental Management, v. 28, no. 2, p. 207-224, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002670010219.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"224","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"New York City","otherGeospatial":"Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge Complex, Kennedy Airport","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.76855850219725,\n 40.62372500264782\n ],\n [\n -73.76632690429688,\n 40.62841532435382\n ],\n [\n -73.74778747558594,\n 40.635319920747456\n ],\n [\n -73.74727249145508,\n 40.64196329226261\n ],\n [\n -73.75448226928711,\n 40.649257213175055\n ],\n [\n -73.77799987792969,\n 40.66136857063693\n ],\n [\n -73.78726959228516,\n 40.66462393693607\n ],\n [\n -73.79344940185547,\n 40.666446872663194\n ],\n [\n -73.80529403686523,\n 40.66553541102791\n ],\n [\n -73.81439208984375,\n 40.663061380941045\n ],\n [\n -73.83284568786621,\n 40.665665620595604\n ],\n [\n -73.85087013244629,\n 40.67126439151552\n ],\n [\n -73.86940956115723,\n 40.668465064812096\n ],\n [\n -73.87181282043456,\n 40.666707287985304\n ],\n [\n -73.8636589050293,\n 40.655443396253155\n ],\n [\n -73.86005401611328,\n 40.6546620153016\n ],\n [\n -73.85644912719727,\n 40.650820092517755\n ],\n [\n -73.85258674621582,\n 40.650038657421916\n ],\n [\n -73.85001182556152,\n 40.6513410441644\n ],\n [\n -73.8512134552002,\n 40.64964793644236\n ],\n [\n -73.85310173034668,\n 40.6479547857615\n ],\n [\n -73.85215759277344,\n 40.64528473009714\n ],\n [\n -73.8489818572998,\n 40.64391709924125\n ],\n [\n -73.83636474609375,\n 40.645089355976346\n ],\n [\n -73.83722305297852,\n 40.64801990773587\n ],\n [\n -73.8313865661621,\n 40.647824541622086\n ],\n [\n -73.83061408996582,\n 40.64990841734959\n ],\n [\n -73.82623672485352,\n 40.64801990773587\n ],\n [\n -73.82589340209961,\n 40.64919209240809\n ],\n [\n -73.82494926452637,\n 40.64893160870472\n ],\n [\n -73.82391929626465,\n 40.64788966372356\n ],\n [\n -73.82168769836426,\n 40.648736245259954\n ],\n [\n -73.81911277770996,\n 40.64632671574881\n ],\n [\n -73.81370544433594,\n 40.64450323018245\n ],\n [\n -73.79928588867188,\n 40.63831603288429\n ],\n [\n -73.79267692565918,\n 40.6355804575753\n ],\n [\n -73.79138946533203,\n 40.63382181425697\n ],\n [\n -73.7896728515625,\n 40.6334309983399\n ],\n [\n -73.78340721130371,\n 40.629913552146945\n ],\n [\n -73.78581047058105,\n 40.62678677775824\n ],\n [\n -73.7896728515625,\n 40.62339927363116\n ],\n [\n -73.7882137298584,\n 40.621835752239576\n ],\n [\n -73.78503799438477,\n 40.62020704520565\n ],\n [\n -73.78392219543457,\n 40.620728235777136\n ],\n [\n -73.77928733825684,\n 40.62704734788225\n ],\n [\n -73.77696990966797,\n 40.627307916989615\n ],\n [\n -73.77242088317871,\n 40.623659856971564\n ],\n [\n -73.77139091491699,\n 40.622878103900476\n ],\n [\n -73.77224922180176,\n 40.620793384312655\n ],\n [\n -73.77190589904785,\n 40.61955555127281\n ],\n [\n -73.77044677734375,\n 40.61981614960841\n ],\n [\n -73.76830101013184,\n 40.62326898157972\n ],\n [\n -73.76855850219725,\n 40.62372500264782\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ab5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, K. M.","contributorId":16432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richmond, M. E.","contributorId":22729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckley, P. A.","contributorId":69264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tanacredi, J.T.","contributorId":11562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanacredi","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Avrin, D.","contributorId":90854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avrin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5224066,"text":"5224066 - 2001 - Artificial cavities enhance breeding bird densities in managed cottonwood forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:08","indexId":"5224066","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Artificial cavities enhance breeding bird densities in managed cottonwood forests","docAbstract":"The paucity of natural cavities within short-rotation hardwood agroforests restricts occupancy by cavity-nesting birds. However, providing 1.6 artificial nesting cavities (nest boxes)/ha within 3- to 10-year-old managed cottonwood forests in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley increased territory density of cavity-nesting birds. Differences in territory densities between forests with and without nest boxes increased as stands aged. Seven bird species initiated 38 nests in 173 boxes during 1997 and 39 nests in 172 boxes during 1998. Prothonotary warblers (Protonotaria citrea) and eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) accounted for 67% of nests; nearly all warbler nests were in 1.8-L, plastic-coated cardboard (paper) boxes, whereas bluebird nests were divided between paper boxes and 3.5-L wooden boxes. Larger-volume (16.5-L) wooden nest boxes were used by eastern screech owls (Otus asio) and great crested flycatchers (Myiarchus crinitus), but this box type often was usurped by honey bees (Apis mellifera). To enhance territory densities of cavity-nesting birds in cottonwood agroforests, we recommend placement of plastic-coated paper nest boxes, at a density of 0.5/ha, after trees are >4 years old but at least 2 years before anticipated timber harvest.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"5710_Twedt.pdf","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D., and Henne-Kerr, J.L., 2001, Artificial cavities enhance breeding bird densities in managed cottonwood forests: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 29, no. 2, p. 680-687.","productDescription":"680-687","startPage":"680","endPage":"687","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17333,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3784195","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":200145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672c30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, D.J. 0000-0003-1223-5045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":105009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henne-Kerr, J. L.","contributorId":63121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henne-Kerr","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224069,"text":"5224069 - 2001 - Importance of early successional habitat to ruffed grouse and American woodcock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5224069","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of early successional habitat to ruffed grouse and American woodcock","docAbstract":"Ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) and American woodcock (Scolopax minor) provide millions of days of recreation each year for people in the eastern United States (U.S). These popular game birds depend on early successional forest habitats throughout much of the year. Ruffed grouse and woodcock populations are declining in the eastern United States as an abundance of shrub-dominated and young forest habitats decrease in most of the region. Continued decreases in early successional forest habitats are likely on nonindustrial private forest lands as ownership fragmentation increases and tract size decreases and on public forest lands due to societal attitudes toward proactive forest management, especially even-age treatments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Dessecker, D., and McAuley, D., 2001, Importance of early successional habitat to ruffed grouse and American woodcock: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 29, no. 2, p. 456-465.","productDescription":"456-465","startPage":"456","endPage":"465","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17335,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3784169","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5ee2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dessecker, D.R.","contributorId":82033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dessecker","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAuley, D.G. 0000-0003-3674-6392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-6392","contributorId":15296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224062,"text":"5224062 - 2001 - Ground-nesting waterbirds and mammalian carnivores in the Virginia barrier island region: Running out of options","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:38","indexId":"5224062","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-nesting waterbirds and mammalian carnivores in the Virginia barrier island region: Running out of options","docAbstract":"We examined changing patterns of distribution of two large mammalian predators, the raccoon (Procyon lotor) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes), and beach-nesting terns and Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) along ca. 80 km of the Virginia barrier island landscape between the periods 1975-1977 and 1998. Based on evidence from trapping, scent stations, den observations and sightings of the two predators, there has been a marked increase in their island ranges. In 1975-77, only 6 of the 11 surveyed barrier islands definitely harbored at least one of the two mammals, but by 1998, 11 of 14 islands showed evidence of one or both during the spring and summer. Concurrently, annual beach-nesting bird surveys have been conducted since the mid 1970s during June. From 1977 to 1998, the number of colonies of terns [Common (Sterna hirundo), Gull-billed (S. nilotica), Least (S. antillarum), Royal (S. maxima), and Sandwich (S. sandvicensis)] and Black Skimmers declined from 23 colonies on 11 barrier islands to 13 colonies on 10 islands. In addition, the populations decreased dramatically for all species except the marginal Sandwich Tern and Least Tern. This pattern suggests that mammalian predation may be a major factor in colony site selection or success, although we have no data on success at most locations. The only consistently large colony over the years has been the Royal Tern colony on Fisherman Island, one of the few with no resident large mammals. Because these declining waterbirds appear to be running out of options for safe colony sites in coastal Virginia, we discuss the prospects of conducting limited predator removals on certain islands. In addition, considerations of strict management and enforcement of protection at critical manmade colony sites that now attract large numbers of certain species, are timely. Lastly, where dredged material disposal projects are planned, providing nesting sites for these colonial species and roosting sites for migrant birds may be appropriate.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., Truitt, B., and Jimenez, J., 2001, Ground-nesting waterbirds and mammalian carnivores in the Virginia barrier island region: Running out of options: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 17, no. 2, p. 292-296.","productDescription":"292-296","startPage":"292","endPage":"296","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d46f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Truitt, B.R.","contributorId":85298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truitt","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jimenez, J.E.","contributorId":107399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jimenez","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224061,"text":"5224061 - 2001 - Attractor reconstruction for non-linear systems: a methodological note","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:35","indexId":"5224061","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2698,"text":"Mathematical Biosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Attractor reconstruction for non-linear systems: a methodological note","docAbstract":"Attractor reconstruction is an important step in the process of making predictions for non-linear time-series and in the computation of certain invariant quantities used to characterize the dynamics of such series. The utility of computed predictions and invariant quantities is dependent on the accuracy of attractor reconstruction, which in turn is determined by the methods used in the reconstruction process. This paper suggests methods by which the delay and embedding dimension may be selected for a typical delay coordinate reconstruction. A comparison is drawn between the use of the autocorrelation function and mutual information in quantifying the delay. In addition, a false nearest neighbor (FNN) approach is used in minimizing the number of delay vectors needed. Results highlight the need for an accurate reconstruction in the computation of the Lyapunov spectrum and in prediction algorithms.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical Biosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0025-5564(01)00053-0","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., and Nichols, J., 2001, Attractor reconstruction for non-linear systems: a methodological note: Mathematical Biosciences, v. 171, no. 1, p. 21-32, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-5564(01)00053-0.","productDescription":"21-32","startPage":"21","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17329,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-5564(01)00053-0","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202068,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"171","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6693c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.M.","contributorId":18080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224063,"text":"5224063 - 2001 - Tetranucleotide microsatellite markers for the Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:35","indexId":"5224063","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tetranucleotide microsatellite markers for the Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Avian Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"5707_Longmire.pdf","usgsCitation":"Longmire, J.L., Roach, J., Maltbie, M., White, P., Tatum, O., Makova, K., and Hahn, D., 2001, Tetranucleotide microsatellite markers for the Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 32, no. 1, p. 76-78.","productDescription":"76-78","startPage":"76","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17330,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/120773178/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db68431d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longmire, Jonathan L.","contributorId":35845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Longmire","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roach, J.L.","contributorId":21253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roach","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maltbie, M.","contributorId":64368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maltbie","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, P.S.","contributorId":53336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tatum, O.L.","contributorId":33431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatum","given":"O.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Makova, K.D.","contributorId":39496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Makova","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hahn, D.C. 0000-0002-5242-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2059","contributorId":46447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":5224064,"text":"5224064 - 2001 - Nest poaching in Neotropical parrots","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-06T15:46:26.437357","indexId":"5224064","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest poaching in Neotropical parrots","docAbstract":"Although the poaching of nestlings for the pet trade is thought to contribute to the decline of many species of parrots, its effects have been poorly demonstrated. We calculated rates of mortality due to nest poaching in 23 studies of Neotropical parrots, representing 4024 nesting attempts in 21 species and 14 countries. We also examined how poaching rates vary with geographic region, presence of active protection programs, conservation status and economic value of a species, and passage of the U.S. Wild Bird Conservation Act. The average poaching rate across all studies was 30% of all nests observed. Thirteen studies reported poaching rates of ≥20%, and four reported rates openface> 70%. Only six studies documented no nest poaching. Of these, four were conducted on islands in the Caribbean region, which had significantly lower poaching rates than the mainland Neotropics. The other two studies that showed no poaching were conducted on the two species with the lowest economic value in our sample ( U.S. retail price). In four studies that allowed direct comparison between poaching at sites with active nest protection versus that at unprotected sites, poaching rates were significantly lower at protected sites, suggesting that active protection efforts can be effective in reducing nest poaching. In those studies conducted both before and after the passage of the U.S. Wild Bird Conservation Act, poaching rates were found to be significantly lower following its enactment than in the period before. This result supports the hypothesis that the legal and illegal parrot trades are positively related, rather than inversely related as has been suggested by avicultural interests. Overall, our study indicates that poaching of parrot nestlings for economic gain is a widespread and biologically significant source of nest mortality in Neotropical parrots.
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W.","contributorId":51399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25}]}} ,{"id":5224055,"text":"5224055 - 2001 - Unusual leg malformations in screech owls from a South Carolina Superfund site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T17:48:24.441419","indexId":"5224055","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2481,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unusual leg malformations in screech owls from a South Carolina Superfund site","docAbstract":"In 1995, the discovery of leg malformations in several screech owl (Otis asio) nestlings and in their female parent at a Department of Energy (DOE) Superfund site in South Carolina prompted an investigation into the nature of the observed abnormalities. Surviving nestlings and the female parent were transferred to a captive screech owl breeding colony at the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD. The malformed female parent and her offspring were each mated with normal owls from the colony for 3 yr. Matings of the malformed female produced five malformed and six normal owls; all owls produced by matings of normal offspring were normal. Malformed offspring were euthanized when it became apparent that their physical distress precluded survival under normal conditions of colony care. Euthanized owls were necropsied and examined for skeletal development. Detailed descriptions of eight malformed owls are presented. Results of the matings indicated that the leg malformations were caused by a genetic trait in the female parent that was heterozygous dominant. The characteristic was lethal except in occasional mild manifestations and resembled an extreme form of a dominant abnormality previously described for domestic fowl called duplicate polydactyly. Other reports of skeletal abnormalities in wild birds and potential environmental causes of genetic mutations at the DOE Superfund site are presented. Other studies performed at the DOE Superfund site do not implicate elevated (above background) ionizing radiation from 137Cs, the dominant radionuclide where the owls were captured, as the cause of the mutation. The cause of this genetic abnormality remains unknown.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287390151126405","usgsCitation":"Albers, P., Hoffman, D.J., and Brisbin, I.L., 2001, Unusual leg malformations in screech owls from a South Carolina Superfund site: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, v. 63, no. 2, p. 89-99, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390151126405.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"99","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db6113d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albers, P.H.","contributorId":26646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brisbin, I. L. Jr.","contributorId":73713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brisbin","given":"I.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224067,"text":"5224067 - 2001 - Nest survival of forest birds in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T19:26:19.365031","indexId":"5224067","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest survival of forest birds in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"In the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, flood control has led to a drastic reduction in the area of forest habitat and altered the patchwork of forest cover types. Silvicultural management of the remaining fragmented forests has changed to reflect the altered hydrology of the forests, current economic conditions of the area, and demand for forest products. Because forest type and silvicultural management impact forest birds, differences in avian productivity within these forests directly impact bird conservation. To assist in conservation planning, we evaluated daily nest survival, nest predation rates, and brood parasitism rates of forest birds in relation to different forest cover types and silvicultural management strategies within this floodplain. Within bottomland hardwood forests, nest success of blue-gray gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea, 13%), eastern towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus, 28%), indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea, 18%), northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis, 22%), and yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus, 18%) did not differ from that within intensively managed cottonwood plantations. However, average daily survival of 542 open-cup nests of 19 bird species in bottomland hardwoods (0.9516 ± 0.0028, ∼27% nest success) was greater than that of 543 nests of 18 species in cottonwood plantations (0.9298 ± 0.0035, ∼15% nest success). Differences in daily nest survival rates likely resulted from a combination of differences in the predator community -- particularly fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) -- and a marked difference in species composition of birds breeding within these 2 forest types. At least 39% of nests in bottomland hardwood forests and 65% of nests in cottonwood plantations were depredated. Rates of parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) were greater in managed cottonwoods (24%) than in bottomland hardwoods (9%). Nest success in planted cottonwood plantations for 18 species combined (∼14%), and for yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens, 7%), eastern towhee (14%), indigo bunting (14%), and northern cardinal (17%) did not differ from nest success in cottonwood plantations that were coppiced from root sprouts following pulpwood harvest. Within bottomland hardwood forests, uneven-aged group-selection timber harvest reduced the combined daily nest survival of all species from 0.958 to 0.938, which reduced nest success by about 14%. Specifically, timber harvest reduced nest success of species that nest in the forest midstory and canopy, such as Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), from 32% before harvest to 14% after harvest. Conversely, those species that nest primarily in the shrubby understory-such as northern cardinal-were not affected by timber harvest and maintained an overall nest success of about 33%. Thus, birds nesting in the understory of bottomland hardwood forests are not adversely impacted by selective timber harvest, but there is a short-term reduction in nest success for birds that nest in the canopy and midstory.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3803097","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D., Wilson, R., Henne-Kerr, J.L., and Hamilton, R., 2001, Nest survival of forest birds in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 65, no. 3, p. 450-460, https://doi.org/10.2307/3803097.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"460","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Mississippi","city":"Fitler","otherGeospatial":"Fitler Managed Forest, Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Tensas River National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.55246206341717,\n 32.0909233425148\n ],\n [\n -91.21051260052633,\n 32.0909233425148\n ],\n [\n -91.21051260052633,\n 32.397559758072774\n ],\n [\n -91.55246206341717,\n 32.397559758072774\n ],\n [\n -91.55246206341717,\n 32.0909233425148\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.149493146995,\n 32.612994872529214\n ],\n [\n -91.1300667898668,\n 32.58599433014554\n ],\n [\n -91.05492946406068,\n 32.60488308146144\n ],\n [\n -91.0234202629159,\n 32.59314189349405\n ],\n [\n -91.00160620058494,\n 32.6038621696778\n ],\n [\n -90.99615268500266,\n 32.64009741134521\n ],\n [\n -90.97676240737499,\n 32.72628845187593\n ],\n [\n -91.04038675584023,\n 32.74922470001282\n ],\n [\n -91.054323517885,\n 32.72424938860382\n ],\n [\n -91.0755316340397,\n 32.6829483263694\n ],\n [\n -91.11629410972454,\n 32.6689064840042\n ],\n [\n -91.15022709557265,\n 32.64288821897195\n ],\n [\n -91.149493146995,\n 32.612994872529214\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db69789e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, D.J. 0000-0003-1223-5045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":105009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, R.R.","contributorId":12138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henne-Kerr, J. L.","contributorId":63121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henne-Kerr","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, R.B.","contributorId":63509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224059,"text":"5224059 - 2001 - Continuing education needs for fishery professionals: a survey of North American fisheries administrators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:08","indexId":"5224059","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continuing education needs for fishery professionals: a survey of North American fisheries administrators","docAbstract":"North American fishery professionals? continuing education needs were investigated in an American Fisheries Society questionnaire sent to 111 senior fishery officials in winter 2000. Based on a response rate of 52.2% (N = 58), a minimum of 2,967 individuals would benefit from additional training, especially in the areas of statistics and analysis (83% endorsement rate), restoration and enhancement (81%), population dynamics (81%), multi-species interactions (79%), and technical writing (79%). Other skills and techniques recommended by respondents included computer skills (72%), fishery modeling (69%), habitat modification (67%), watershed processes (66%), fishery management (64%), riparian and stream ecology (62%), habitat management (62%), public administration (62%), nonindigenous species (57%), and age and growth (55%). Additional comments by respondents recommended new technical courses, training in various communications skills, and courses to more effectively manage workloads. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Rassam, G., and Eisler, R., 2001, Continuing education needs for fishery professionals: a survey of North American fisheries administrators: Fisheries, v. 26, no. 7, p. 24-28.","productDescription":"24-28","startPage":"24","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696943","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rassam, G.N.","contributorId":49079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rassam","given":"G.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eisler, R.","contributorId":51869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisler","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224058,"text":"5224058 - 2001 - Status and habitat relationships of northern flying squirrels on Mount Desert Island, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:35","indexId":"5224058","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status and habitat relationships of northern flying squirrels on Mount Desert Island, Maine","docAbstract":"Northern (Glaucomys sabrinus) and southern (G. volans) flying squirrels occur in Maine, but there is uncertainty about range overlap in southcentral Maine where the southern flying squirrel reaches its geographic range limit. We surveyed flying squirrels on Mount Desert Island (MDI), located along the central Maine coast, to update the current status and distribution of these species. We captured only northern flying squirrels, and populations (> 2 individuals) were located in two conifer stands and one mixed conifer-hardwood stand. All three stands were located in relatively older forests, outside a large area burned in a 1947 fire. Tree diameters were similar between trap stations with and without captures, under-story density was low overall, and there was a trend of higher seedling density at capture locations. Low understory density may allow squirrels more effective gliding movements between trees, which may enhance predator avoidance. Although the southern flying squirrel was reported from MDI numerous times during the 20th century, no voucher specimens exist, and species identification and localities have been poorly documented. Future surveys on MDI should consider collection of voucher specimens to validate subsequent survey efforts and effectively document changes in local biodiversity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"5701_O'Connell.pdf","usgsCitation":"O’Connell, A., Servello, F., Higgins, J., and Halteman, W., 2001, Status and habitat relationships of northern flying squirrels on Mount Desert Island, Maine: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 8, no. 2, p. 127-136.","productDescription":"127-136","startPage":"127","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17328,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1656%2F1092-6194%282001%29008%5B0127%3ASAHRON%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a56e4b07f02db62dd59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connell, A.F.","contributorId":72102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Servello, F.","contributorId":86881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Servello","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higgins, J.","contributorId":91211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halteman, W.","contributorId":65203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Halteman","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224057,"text":"5224057 - 2001 - Organochlorine contaminant exposure and reproductive success of Black-Crowned Night Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) nesting in Baltimore Harbor, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-24T14:33:19.497678","indexId":"5224057","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Organochlorine contaminant exposure and reproductive success of Black-Crowned Night Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) nesting in Baltimore Harbor, Maryland","title":"Organochlorine contaminant exposure and reproductive success of Black-Crowned Night Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) nesting in Baltimore Harbor, Maryland","docAbstract":"The declining size of the Baltimore Harbor black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) colony has been hypothesized to be linked to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure. In 1998, a “sample egg” was collected from 65 black-crowned night-heron nests (each containing ≥ three eggs) for contaminant analysis, and the remaining eggs in these 65 nests, plus four two-egg nests, were monitored for hatching and fledging success. Eggs were also collected from 12 nests at Holland Island, a reference site in southern Chesapeake Bay. Samples were analyzed for 26 organochlorine pesticides and metabolities and 145 PCB congeners. Pesticide and metabolite concentrations, including p,p'-DDE, were well below thresholds associated with adverse reproductive effects at both sites. Average concentration of total PCBs, 12 Ah receptor–active PCB congeners, and toxic equivalents in eggs from Baltimore Harbor were greater (up to 35-fold) than that observed in Holland Island samples. Overall nest success at the Baltimore Harbor heronry was estimated by the Mayfield method to be 0.74, and the mean number of young fledged/hen was 2.05, which is within published productivity estimates for maintaining a stable black-crowned night-heron population. Using logistic regression, no significant relationships were found between organochlorine contaminant concentrations in sample eggs and hatching, fledging, or overall reproductive success. Processes other than poor reproduction (e.g., low postfledging survival, emigration, habitat degradation) may be responsible for the declining size of the Baltimore Harbor colony.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s002440010222","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., McGowan, P.C., Hatfield, J., Hong, C., and Chu, S.G., 2001, Organochlorine contaminant exposure and reproductive success of Black-Crowned Night Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) nesting in Baltimore Harbor, Maryland: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 41, no. 1, p. 73-82, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010222.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Baltimore Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.62689208984375,\n 39.20033381963202\n ],\n [\n -76.51153564453125,\n 39.20033381963202\n ],\n [\n -76.51153564453125,\n 39.29498546816049\n ],\n [\n -76.62689208984375,\n 39.29498546816049\n ],\n [\n -76.62689208984375,\n 39.20033381963202\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68ab7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":340414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGowan, P. C.","contributorId":67191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGowan","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":41372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hong, Chia-Swee","contributorId":48284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hong","given":"Chia-Swee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48981,"text":"State University of New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":340412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chu, S. G.","contributorId":28708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chu","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}