{"pageNumber":"3048","pageRowStart":"76175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184769,"records":[{"id":5224053,"text":"5224053 - 2001 - Three new country records for Honduran snakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:35","indexId":"5224053","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three new country records for Honduran snakes","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"No abstract in article.","usgsCitation":"McCranie, J., Wilson, L., and Gotte, S., 2001, Three new country records for Honduran snakes: Herpetological Review, v. 32, no. 1, p. 62-63.","productDescription":"62-63","startPage":"62","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b929","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCranie, J.R.","contributorId":39902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCranie","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, L.D.","contributorId":78040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gotte, S.W.","contributorId":69096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gotte","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224069,"text":"5224069 - 2001 - Importance of early successional habitat to ruffed grouse and American woodcock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5224069","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of early successional habitat to ruffed grouse and American woodcock","docAbstract":"Ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) and American woodcock (Scolopax minor) provide millions of days of recreation each year for people in the eastern United States (U.S). These popular game birds depend on early successional forest habitats throughout much of the year. Ruffed grouse and woodcock populations are declining in the eastern United States as an abundance of shrub-dominated and young forest habitats decrease in most of the region. Continued decreases in early successional forest habitats are likely on nonindustrial private forest lands as ownership fragmentation increases and tract size decreases and on public forest lands due to societal attitudes toward proactive forest management, especially even-age treatments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Dessecker, D., and McAuley, D., 2001, Importance of early successional habitat to ruffed grouse and American woodcock: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 29, no. 2, p. 456-465.","productDescription":"456-465","startPage":"456","endPage":"465","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17335,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3784169","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5ee2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dessecker, D.R.","contributorId":82033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dessecker","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAuley, D.G. 0000-0003-3674-6392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-6392","contributorId":15296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224065,"text":"5224065 - 2001 - A case for using Plethodontid salamanders for monitoring biodiversity and ecosystem integrity of North American forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-25T14:25:24.609484","indexId":"5224065","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A case for using Plethodontid salamanders for monitoring biodiversity and ecosystem integrity of North American forests","docAbstract":"

Terrestrial salamanders of the family Plethodontidae have unique attributes that make them excellent indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem integrity in forested habitats. Their longevity, small territory size, site fidelity, sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic perturbations, tendency to occur in high densities, and low sampling costs mean that counts of plethodontid salamanders provide numerous advantages over counts of other North American forest organisms for indicating environmental change. Furthermore, they are tightly linked physiologically to microclimatic and successional processes that influence the distribution and abundance of numerous other hydrophilic but difficult-to-study forest-dwelling plants and animals. Ecosystem processes such as moisture cycling, food-web dynamics, and succession, with their related structural and microclimatic variability, all affect forest biodiversity and have been shown to affect salamander populations as well. We determined the variability associated with sampling for plethodontid salamanders by estimating the coefficient of variation (CV ) from available time-series data. The median coefficient of variation indicated that variation in counts of individuals among studies was much lower in plethodontids (27%) than in lepidoptera (93%), passerine birds (57%), small mammals (69%), or other amphibians (37–46%), which means plethodontid salamanders provide an important statistical advantage over other species for monitoring long-term forest health.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.015003558.x","usgsCitation":"Welsh, H.H., and Droege, S., 2001, A case for using Plethodontid salamanders for monitoring biodiversity and ecosystem integrity of North American forests: Conservation Biology, v. 15, no. 3, p. 558-569, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.015003558.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"558","endPage":"569","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1134","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welsh, Hartwell H. Jr.","contributorId":9980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Hartwell","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Droege, Sam sdroege@usgs.gov","contributorId":3464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","email":"sdroege@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":340459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224073,"text":"5224073 - 2001 - Managing birds and controlling aircraft in the Kennedy Airport-Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge complex: The need for hard data and soft opinions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-12T15:24:06.364271","indexId":"5224073","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managing birds and controlling aircraft in the Kennedy Airport-Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge complex: The need for hard data and soft opinions","docAbstract":"

During the 1980s, the exponential growth of laughing gull (Larus atricilla) colonies, from 15 to about 7600 nests in 1990, in the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge and a correlated increase in the bird-strike rate at nearby John F. Kennedy International Airport (New York City) led to a controversy between wildlife and airport managers over the elimination of the colonies. In this paper, we review data to evaluate if: (1) the colonies have increased the level of risk to the flying public; (2) on-colony population control would reduce the presence of gulls, and subsequently bird strikes, at the airport; and (3) all on-airport management alternatives have been adequately implemented. Since 1979, most (2987, 87%) of the 3444 bird strikes (number of aircraft struck) were actually bird carcasses found near runways (cause of death unknown but assumed to be bird strikes by definition). Of the 457 pilot-reported strikes (mean = 23 ± 6 aircraft/yr, N= 20 years), 78 (17%) involved laughing gulls. Since a gull-shooting program was initiated on airport property in 1991, over 50,000 adult laughing gulls have been killed and the number of reported bird strikes involving laughing gulls has declined from 6.9 ± 2.9 (1983–1990) to 2.6 ± 1.3 (1991–1998) aircraft/yr; nongull reported bird strikes, however, have more than doubled (6.4 ± 2.6, 1983–1990; 14.9 ± 5.1, 1991–1998). We found no evidence to indicate that on-colony management would yield a reduction of bird strikes at Kennedy Airport. Dietary and mark–recapture studies suggest that 60%–90% of the laughing gulls collected on-airport were either failed breeders and/or nonbreeding birds. We argue that the Jamaica Bay laughing gull colonies, the only ones in New York State, should not be managed at least until all on-airport management alternatives have been properly implemented and demonstrated to be ineffective at reducing bird strikes, including habitat alterations and increasing the capability of the bird control unit to eliminate bird flocks on-airport using nonlethal bird dispersal techniques. Because the gull-shooting program may be resulting in a nonsustainable regional population of laughing gulls (>30% decline), we also recommend that attempts be made to initiate an experimental colony elsewhere on Long Island to determine if colony relocation is a feasible management option.

","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s002670010219","usgsCitation":"Brown, K.M., Erwin, R., Richmond, M.E., Buckley, P.A., Tanacredi, J., and Avrin, D., 2001, Managing birds and controlling aircraft in the Kennedy Airport-Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge complex: The need for hard data and soft opinions: Environmental Management, v. 28, no. 2, p. 207-224, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002670010219.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"224","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"New York City","otherGeospatial":"Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge Complex, Kennedy Airport","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.76855850219725,\n 40.62372500264782\n ],\n [\n -73.76632690429688,\n 40.62841532435382\n ],\n [\n -73.74778747558594,\n 40.635319920747456\n ],\n [\n -73.74727249145508,\n 40.64196329226261\n ],\n [\n -73.75448226928711,\n 40.649257213175055\n ],\n [\n -73.77799987792969,\n 40.66136857063693\n ],\n [\n -73.78726959228516,\n 40.66462393693607\n ],\n [\n -73.79344940185547,\n 40.666446872663194\n ],\n [\n -73.80529403686523,\n 40.66553541102791\n ],\n [\n -73.81439208984375,\n 40.663061380941045\n ],\n [\n -73.83284568786621,\n 40.665665620595604\n ],\n [\n -73.85087013244629,\n 40.67126439151552\n ],\n [\n -73.86940956115723,\n 40.668465064812096\n ],\n [\n -73.87181282043456,\n 40.666707287985304\n ],\n [\n -73.8636589050293,\n 40.655443396253155\n ],\n [\n -73.86005401611328,\n 40.6546620153016\n ],\n [\n -73.85644912719727,\n 40.650820092517755\n ],\n [\n -73.85258674621582,\n 40.650038657421916\n ],\n [\n -73.85001182556152,\n 40.6513410441644\n ],\n [\n -73.8512134552002,\n 40.64964793644236\n ],\n [\n -73.85310173034668,\n 40.6479547857615\n ],\n [\n -73.85215759277344,\n 40.64528473009714\n ],\n [\n -73.8489818572998,\n 40.64391709924125\n ],\n [\n -73.83636474609375,\n 40.645089355976346\n ],\n [\n -73.83722305297852,\n 40.64801990773587\n ],\n [\n -73.8313865661621,\n 40.647824541622086\n ],\n [\n -73.83061408996582,\n 40.64990841734959\n ],\n [\n -73.82623672485352,\n 40.64801990773587\n ],\n [\n -73.82589340209961,\n 40.64919209240809\n ],\n [\n -73.82494926452637,\n 40.64893160870472\n ],\n [\n -73.82391929626465,\n 40.64788966372356\n ],\n [\n -73.82168769836426,\n 40.648736245259954\n ],\n [\n -73.81911277770996,\n 40.64632671574881\n ],\n [\n -73.81370544433594,\n 40.64450323018245\n ],\n [\n -73.79928588867188,\n 40.63831603288429\n ],\n [\n -73.79267692565918,\n 40.6355804575753\n ],\n [\n -73.79138946533203,\n 40.63382181425697\n ],\n [\n -73.7896728515625,\n 40.6334309983399\n ],\n [\n -73.78340721130371,\n 40.629913552146945\n ],\n [\n -73.78581047058105,\n 40.62678677775824\n ],\n [\n -73.7896728515625,\n 40.62339927363116\n ],\n [\n -73.7882137298584,\n 40.621835752239576\n ],\n [\n -73.78503799438477,\n 40.62020704520565\n ],\n [\n -73.78392219543457,\n 40.620728235777136\n ],\n [\n -73.77928733825684,\n 40.62704734788225\n ],\n [\n -73.77696990966797,\n 40.627307916989615\n ],\n [\n -73.77242088317871,\n 40.623659856971564\n ],\n [\n -73.77139091491699,\n 40.622878103900476\n ],\n [\n -73.77224922180176,\n 40.620793384312655\n ],\n [\n -73.77190589904785,\n 40.61955555127281\n ],\n [\n -73.77044677734375,\n 40.61981614960841\n ],\n [\n -73.76830101013184,\n 40.62326898157972\n ],\n [\n -73.76855850219725,\n 40.62372500264782\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ab5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, K. M.","contributorId":16432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richmond, M. E.","contributorId":22729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckley, P. A.","contributorId":69264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tanacredi, J.T.","contributorId":11562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanacredi","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Avrin, D.","contributorId":90854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avrin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5224051,"text":"5224051 - 2001 - Conservation genetics of the endangered Shenandoah salamander (Plethodon shenandoah, Plethodontidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:35","indexId":"5224051","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:47","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation genetics of the endangered Shenandoah salamander (Plethodon shenandoah, Plethodontidae)","docAbstract":"The Shenandoah salamander (Plethodon shenandoah) is restricted to three isolated talus outcrops in Shenandoah National Park, VA, USA and has one of the smallest ranges of any tetrapod vertebrate. This species was listed as endangered under the US Endangered Species Act in 1989 over concern that direct competition with the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus), successional habitat changes, and human impacts may cause its decline and possible extinction. We address two issues herein: (1) whether extensive introgression (through long-term hybridization) is present between the two species and threatens the survival of P. shenandoah, and (2) the level of population structure within P. shenandoah. We provide evidence from mtDNA haplotypes that shows no genetic differentiation among the three isolates of P. shenandoah, suggesting that their fragmentation is a geologically recent event, and/or that the isolates are still connected by occasional gene flow. There is also no evidence for extensive introgression of alleles in either direction between P. cinereus and P. shenandoah, which suggests that P. shenandoah may not be in danger of being genetically swamped out through hybridization with P. cinereus.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1017/S1367943001001147","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, D., Jung, R., and Sites, J., 2001, Conservation genetics of the endangered Shenandoah salamander (Plethodon shenandoah, Plethodontidae): Animal Conservation, v. 4, no. 2, p. 111-119, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1367943001001147.","productDescription":"111-119","startPage":"111","endPage":"119","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17323,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1367943001001147","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697e56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, D.W.","contributorId":103390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jung, R.E.","contributorId":66213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sites, J.W. Jr.","contributorId":20450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sites","given":"J.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224050,"text":"5224050 - 2001 - Flow and habitat effects on juvenile fish abundance in natural and altered flow regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T16:39:36.859746","indexId":"5224050","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:47","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow and habitat effects on juvenile fish abundance in natural and altered flow regimes","docAbstract":"Conserving biological resources native to large river systems increasingly depends on how flow-regulated segments of these rivers are managed. Improving management will require a better understanding of linkages between river biota and temporal variability of flow and instream habitat. However, few studies have quantified responses of native fish populations to multiyear (>2 yr) patterns of hydrologic or habitat variability in flow-regulated systems. To provide these data, we quantified young-of-year (YOY) fish abundance during four years in relation to hydrologic and habitat variability in two segments of the Tallapoosa River in the southeastern United States. One segment had an unregulated flow regime, whereas the other was flow-regulated by a peak-load generating hydropower dam. We sampled fishes annually and explored how continuously recorded flow data and physical habitat simulation models (PHABSIM) for spring (April-June) and summer (July-August) preceding each sample explained fish abundances. Patterns of YOY abundance in relation to habitat availability (median area) and habitat persistence (longest period with habitat area continuously above the long-term median area) differed between unregulated and flow-regulated sites. At the unregulated site, YOY abundances were most frequently correlated with availability of shallow-slow habitat in summer (10 species) and persistence of shallow-slow and shallow-fast habitat in spring (nine species). Additionally, abundances were negatively correlated with 1-h maximum flow in summer (five species). At the flow-regulated site, YOY abundances were more frequently correlated with persistence of shallow-water habitats (four species in spring; six species in summer) than with habitat availability or magnitude of flow extremes. The associations of YOY with habitat persistence at the flow-regulated site corresponded to the effects of flow regulation on habitat patterns. Flow regulation reduced median flows during spring and summer, which resulted in median availability of shallow-water habitats comparable to the unregulated site. However, habitat persistence was severely reduced by flow fluctuations resulting from pulsed water releases for peak-load power generation. Habitat persistence, comparable to levels in the unregulated site, only occurred during summer when low rainfall or other factors occasionally curtailed power generation. As a consequence, summer-spawning species numerically dominated the fish assemblage at the flow-regulated site; five of six spring-spawning species occurring at both study sites were significantly less abundant at the flow-regulated site. Persistence of native fishes in flow-regulated systems depends, in part, on the seasonal occurrence of stable habitat conditions that facilitate reproduction and YOY survival.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0179:FAHEOJ]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Freeman, M.C., Bowen, Z., Bovee, K., and Irwin, E., 2001, Flow and habitat effects on juvenile fish abundance in natural and altered flow regimes: Ecological Applications, v. 11, no. 1, p. 179-190, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0179:FAHEOJ]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Harris Dam, Harris Reservoir, Tallapoosa River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.92681884765624,\n 32.48428001059022\n ],\n [\n -85.84167480468749,\n 32.43561304116276\n ],\n [\n -85.39398193359375,\n 32.55607364492026\n ],\n [\n -85.3363037109375,\n 32.93953889877841\n ],\n [\n -85.16326904296874,\n 33.23639027157906\n ],\n [\n -84.6441650390625,\n 33.74946419232578\n ],\n [\n -84.81170654296875,\n 34.164090803573124\n ],\n [\n -85.32806396484375,\n 34.023071367612125\n ],\n [\n -85.6768798828125,\n 33.85673152928873\n ],\n [\n -85.72906494140625,\n 33.66263917576218\n ],\n [\n -85.792236328125,\n 33.463525475613785\n ],\n [\n -86.06414794921875,\n 33.26395335923739\n ],\n [\n -86.20147705078125,\n 32.89111950367499\n ],\n [\n -86.13555908203125,\n 32.55144352864431\n ],\n [\n -85.92681884765624,\n 32.48428001059022\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df58c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowen, Z.H.","contributorId":81045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Z.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bovee, K.D.","contributorId":15954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bovee","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irwin, E.R.","contributorId":90269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224052,"text":"5224052 - 2001 - Eleutherodactylus guttilatus (Spotted Chirping Frog), Bufo punctatus (Red-spotted Toad), Hyla arenicolor (Canyon Tree Frog), and Rana berlandieri (Rio Grande Leopard Frog). Mite Infestation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:35","indexId":"5224052","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:47","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eleutherodactylus guttilatus (Spotted Chirping Frog), Bufo punctatus (Red-spotted Toad), Hyla arenicolor (Canyon Tree Frog), and Rana berlandieri (Rio Grande Leopard Frog). Mite Infestation","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Jung, R., Claeson, S., Wallace, J.E., and Welbourn, W., 2001, Eleutherodactylus guttilatus (Spotted Chirping Frog), Bufo punctatus (Red-spotted Toad), Hyla arenicolor (Canyon Tree Frog), and Rana berlandieri (Rio Grande Leopard Frog). Mite Infestation: Herpetological Review, v. 32, p. 33-34.","productDescription":"33-34","startPage":"33","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606825","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jung, R.E.","contributorId":66213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Claeson, S.","contributorId":82429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claeson","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallace, J. E.","contributorId":64771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welbourn, W.C. Jr.","contributorId":37040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welbourn","given":"W.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5223495,"text":"5223495 - 2001 - Lead shot toxicity to passerines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:36","indexId":"5223495","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead shot toxicity to passerines","docAbstract":"This study evaluated the toxicity of a single size 7.5 lead shot to passerines. No mortalities or signs of plumbism were observed in dosed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) fed a commercial diet, but when given a more natural diet, three of 10 dosed birds died within 1 day. For all survivors from which shot were recovered, all but one excreted the shot within 24 h of dosing, whereas, the dead birds retained their shot. Shot erosion was significantly greater (P < 0.05) when weathered shot were ingested compared to new shot, and the greatest erosion was observed in those birds that died (2.2-9.7%). Blood lead concentrations of birds dosed with new shot were not significantly different (P=0.14) from those of birds exposed to weathered shot. Liver lead concentrations of birds that died ranged from 71 to 137 ppm, dry weight. Despite the short amount of time the shot was retained, songbirds may absorb sufficient lead to compromise their survival.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"doi:10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00333-4 5527_Vyas.pdf","usgsCitation":"Vyas, N., Spann, J.W., and Heinz, G.H., 2001, Lead shot toxicity to passerines: Environmental Pollution, v. 111, no. 1, p. 135-138.","productDescription":"135-138","startPage":"135","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17260,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VB5-412RXSS-H&_user=3109910&_coverDate=01%2F31%2F2001&_rdoc=15&_fmt=high&_orig=browse&_srch=doc-info(%23toc%235917%232001%23998889998%23208165%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&_cdi=5917&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=19&_acct=C000038819&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=3109910&md5=dd6b0cbf53604d6c3ec8cfc2b543b200","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a81ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vyas, N.B. 0000-0003-0191-1319","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-1319","contributorId":65567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vyas","given":"N.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spann, J. W.","contributorId":93435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spann","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224047,"text":"5224047 - 2001 - Failure of tetracycline as a biomarker in batch-marking juvenile frogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:58:44","indexId":"5224047","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Failure of tetracycline as a biomarker in batch-marking juvenile frogs","docAbstract":"

Recent widespread amphibian declines call for better techniques to assess population dynamics. Tetracycline as a biomarker in capture-recapture studies is one technique used successfully in fish, reptiles, and mammals. A two-phase experimental study was conducted to evaluate tetracycline as a biomarker in green frogs (Rana clamitans) and pickerel frogs (Rana palustris). In the first experimental phase tadpoles were exposed to water containing either 250 mg/l or 500 mg/l tetracycline for a period of 24 hr. During the second phase, juvenile frogs were exposed to tetracycline in water at 500 mg/l or given injections of tetracycline at the dose rate of 100 mg/kg body weight. At selected times several weeks later, under tricaine methanesulfonate anesthesia, a toe was surgically excised from each animal, sectioned and viewed under an ultraviolet microscope. No significant differences were found between the various treatments and control animals (untreated). Therefore, the use of tetracycline as a biomarker in anurans using these techniques is not recommended.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-37.2.318","usgsCitation":"Hatfield, J., Henry, P.F., Olsen, G.H., Paul, M., and Hammerschlag, R.S., 2001, Failure of tetracycline as a biomarker in batch-marking juvenile frogs: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 37, no. 2, p. 318-323, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-37.2.318.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"323","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478812,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-37.2.318","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f79de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatfield, Jeffrey S. jhatfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeffrey S.","email":"jhatfield@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henry, Paula F.P.","contributorId":12311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Paula","email":"","middleInitial":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paul, M.M.","contributorId":89262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hammerschlag, Richard S.","contributorId":67206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammerschlag","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224049,"text":"5224049 - 2001 - Population dynamics of Microtus pennsylvanicus in corridor-linked patches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T14:57:12.219071","indexId":"5224049","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Population dynamics of Microtus pennsylvanicus in corridor-linked patches","title":"Population dynamics of Microtus pennsylvanicus in corridor-linked patches","docAbstract":"Corridors have become a key issue in the discussion of conservation planning: however, few empirical data exist on the use of corridors and their effects on population dynamics. The objective of this replicated, population level, capture-re-capture experiment on meadow voles was to estimate and compare population characteristics of voles between (1) corridor-linked fragments, (2) isolated or non-linked fragments, and (3) unfragmented areas. We conducted two field experiments involving 22600 captures of 5700 individuals. In the first, the maintained corridor study, corridors were maintained at the time of fragmentation, and in the second, the constructed corridor study, we constructed corridors between patches that had been fragmented for some period of time. We applied multistate capture-recapture models with the robust design to estimate adult movement and survival rates, population size, temporal variation in population size, recruitment, and juvenile survival rates. Movement rates increased to a greater extent on constructed corridor-linked grids than on the unfragmented or non-linked fragmented grids between the pre- and post-treatment periods. We found significant differences in local survival on the treated (corridor-linked) grids compared to survival on the fragmented and unfragmented grids between the pre- and post-treatment periods. We found no clear pattern of treatment effects on population size or recruitment in either study. However, in both studies, we found that unfragmented grids were more stable than the fragmented grids based on lower temporal variability in population size. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental study demonstrating that corridors constructed between existing fragmented populations can indeed cause increases in movement and associated changes in demography, supporting the use of constructed corridors for this purpose in conservation biology.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.930101.x","usgsCitation":"Coffman, C., Nichols, J., and Pollock, K.H., 2001, Population dynamics of Microtus pennsylvanicus in corridor-linked patches: Oikos, v. 93, no. 1, p. 3-21, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.930101.x.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"21","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200305,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","city":"Laurel","otherGeospatial":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.76880186926095,\n 39.01988896668419\n ],\n [\n -76.76554030309782,\n 39.0173631960308\n ],\n [\n -76.74991911779517,\n 39.03536628576751\n ],\n [\n -76.73876112829352,\n 39.04655762244292\n ],\n [\n -76.73326796423062,\n 39.05802205010332\n ],\n [\n -76.72794646154547,\n 39.061221093103825\n ],\n [\n -76.71146696935743,\n 39.07788043185019\n ],\n [\n -76.7068321121799,\n 39.08760766682778\n ],\n [\n -76.71987837682853,\n 39.090139192939176\n ],\n [\n -76.72554320226871,\n 39.087074702384314\n ],\n [\n -76.75266569982706,\n 39.088940060317924\n ],\n [\n -76.7468292130107,\n 39.087074702384314\n ],\n [\n -76.74579924474894,\n 39.08600876141554\n ],\n [\n -76.74700087438777,\n 39.08281084185981\n ],\n [\n -76.74991911779595,\n 39.08241109172215\n ],\n [\n -76.76056212316695,\n 39.0825443420199\n ],\n [\n -76.76502531896809,\n 39.08014579815432\n ],\n [\n -76.76502531896809,\n 39.07881323854906\n ],\n [\n -76.76691359411451,\n 39.077347393914096\n ],\n [\n -76.77172011266914,\n 39.07748065377521\n ],\n [\n -76.77223509679968,\n 39.08134508028007\n ],\n [\n -76.77206343542326,\n 39.08454306628178\n ],\n [\n -76.771376789915,\n 39.091205071486286\n ],\n [\n -76.77549666296201,\n 39.091338305172144\n ],\n [\n -76.80107420812804,\n 39.096534222585916\n ],\n [\n -76.82373350988591,\n 39.07801369070509\n ],\n [\n -76.83437651525693,\n 39.06601938582392\n ],\n [\n -76.83798140417271,\n 39.05828864255636\n ],\n [\n -76.83763808141921,\n 39.0537564339657\n ],\n [\n -76.8369514359116,\n 39.05255668299981\n ],\n [\n -76.82768172155586,\n 39.04655762244292\n ],\n [\n -76.82545012365529,\n 39.04642430419864\n ],\n [\n -76.8218452347395,\n 39.04749084310686\n ],\n [\n -76.81772536169248,\n 39.04802410652184\n ],\n [\n -76.81154555212198,\n 39.04815742174662\n ],\n [\n -76.8065673721903,\n 39.04749084310686\n ],\n [\n -76.7991859329816,\n 39.04309126631841\n ],\n [\n -76.79558104406583,\n 39.04095803954468\n ],\n [\n -76.79420775304993,\n 39.03749140865958\n ],\n [\n -76.78957289587238,\n 39.03442463186664\n ],\n [\n -76.77875822912434,\n 39.029757542245335\n ],\n [\n -76.77669829260084,\n 39.02802397331794\n ],\n [\n -76.77120512853858,\n 39.025890291654974\n ],\n [\n -76.76880186926095,\n 39.01988896668419\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e59b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coffman, C.J.","contributorId":46195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coffman","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, K. 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These showed that all of the most distinct Central Asian summer specimens were from only two mountain ranges. However, there is a continuum between sakers and Altay falcons and the two should be considered synonymous. Of field studies focused on the saker in Mongolia, the first was conducted by Baumgart in the 1970s. The next (my own) began in 1994 with a Mongolia-wide study of the nesting ecology of the species. From that study, we now have over 150 breeding territories with over 200 eyries described. Resulting publications dealt with reproductive performance of the falcons and unusual breeding situations. Not only were many nests in odd situations, many were also composed mainly of manmade materials. We found that birds sometimes became entangled in twine and cloth in such nests and either died or would have died without our intervention. Our work also led to observations of novel social behavior including the first documentation of siblicide for any falcon and the description of a new falcon display, splayed-toes-flight. Aware that saker populations in Kazakhstan and elsewhere were plummeting due to over harvest for falconry and seeing a growing harvest in Mongolia, in 1997, we began efforts to build artificial eyries for the falcons. To date, over 150 artificial eyries have been created. In 1998, there was a great expansion of saker field work after the National Avian Research Center (NARC) of the United Arab Emirates became directly involved in hiring Mongol students and scientists. Those efforts resulted in an immediate estimate of the breeding population. Continuing work promises to provide good information on home range, food habits, productivity and other topics.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Falco","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Ellis, D.H., 2001, Recent history of Saker Falcon studies in Mongolia: Falco, v. 17, p. 5-6.","productDescription":"5-6","startPage":"5","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634827","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224048,"text":"5224048 - 2001 - Forest fragmentation and bird community dynamics: Inference at regional scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T18:29:23.196554","indexId":"5224048","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest fragmentation and bird community dynamics: Inference at regional scales","docAbstract":"

With increasing fragmentation of natural areas and a dramatic reduction of forest cover in several parts of the world, quantifying the impact of such changes on species richness and community dynamics has been a subject of much concern. Here, we tested whether in more fragmented landscapes there was a lower number of area-sensitive species and higher local extinction and turnover rates, which could explain higher temporal variability in species richness. To investigate such potential landscape effects at a regional scale, we merged two independent, large-scale monitoring efforts: the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and the Land Use and Land Cover Classification data from the U.S. Geological Survey.

We used methods that accounted for heterogeneity in the probability of detecting species to estimate species richness and temporal changes in the bird communities for BBS routes in three mid-Atlantic U.S. states. Forest breeding bird species were grouped prior to the analyses into area-sensitive and non-area-sensitive species according to previous studies. We tested predictions relating measures of forest structure at one point in time (1974) to species richness at that time and to parameters of forest bird community change over the following 22-yr-period (1975–1996). We used the mean size of forest patches to characterize landscape structure, as high correlations among landscape variables did not allow us to disentangle the relative roles of habitat fragmentation per se and habitat loss.

As predicted, together with lower species richness for area-sensitive species on routes surrounded by landscapes with lower mean forest-patch size, we found higher mean year-to-year rates of local extinction. Moreover, the mean year-to-year rates of local turnover (proportion of locally new species) for area-sensitive species were also higher in landscapes with lower mean forest-patch size. These associations were not observed for the non-area-sensitive species group.

These results suggest that landscape structure may influence forest bird communities at regional scales through its effects on the total number of species but also on the temporal rates of change in community composition. Evidence for higher rates of local extinction and turnover in more fragmented landscapes suggests that bird communities function as metapopulations at a regional scale, and points out the importance of colonizations and recolonizations from surrounding landscapes to local community dynamics. Further, our results illustrate that the methods used to estimate the community parameters can be a powerful statistical tool in addressing questions relative to the dynamics of communities.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[1159:FFABCD]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Boulinier, T., Nichols, J., Hines, J., Sauer, J., Flather, C., and Pollock, K.H., 2001, Forest fragmentation and bird community dynamics: Inference at regional scales: Ecology, v. 82, no. 4, p. 1159-1169, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[1159:FFABCD]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1159","endPage":"1169","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae48a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boulinier, T.","contributorId":37845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulinier","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flather, C.H.","contributorId":73161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flather","given":"C.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5224045,"text":"5224045 - 2001 - Combining band recovery data and Pollock's robust design to model temporary and permanent emigration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-24T15:27:39.581434","indexId":"5224045","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combining band recovery data and Pollock's robust design to model temporary and permanent emigration","docAbstract":"

Capture-recapture models are widely used to estimate demographic parameters of marked populations. Recently, this statistical theory has been extended to modeling dispersal of open populations. Multistate models can be used to estimate movement probabilities among subdivided populations if multiple sites are sampled. Frequently, however, sampling is limited to a single site, Models described by Burnham (1993, in Marked Individuals in the Study of Bird Populations, 199–213), which combined open population capture-recapture and band-recovery models, can be used to estimate permanent emigration when sampling is limited to a single population. Similarly, Kendall, Nichols, and Hines (1997, Ecology51, 563–578) developed models to estimate temporary emigration under Pollock's (1982, Journal of Wildlife Management46, 757–760) robust design. We describe a likelihood-based approach to simultaneously estimate temporary and permanent emigration when sampling is limited to a single population. We use a sampling design that combines the robust design and recoveries of individuals obtained immediately following each sampling period. We present a general form for our model where temporary emigration is a first-order Markov process, and we discuss more restrictive models. We illustrate these models with analysis of data on marked Canvasback ducks. Our analysis indicates that probability of permanent emigration for adult female Canvasbacks was 0.193 ( \"inline) and that birds that were present at the study area in year i— 1 had a higher probability of presence in year i than birds that were not present in year i— 1.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.0006-341X.2001.00273.x","usgsCitation":"Lindberg, M.S., Kendall, W., Hines, J., and Anderson, M., 2001, Combining band recovery data and Pollock's robust design to model temporary and permanent emigration: Biometrics, v. 57, no. 1, p. 273-281, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.2001.00273.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"281","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae775","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindberg, M. S.","contributorId":94413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Michael G.","contributorId":113773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Michael G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224010,"text":"5224010 - 2001 - Relationships between ambient geochemistry, watershed land-use and trace metal concentrations in aquatic invertebrates living in stormwater treatment ponds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:43","indexId":"5224010","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between ambient geochemistry, watershed land-use and trace metal concentrations in aquatic invertebrates living in stormwater treatment ponds","docAbstract":"Stormwater treatment ponds receive elevated levels of metals from urban runoff, but the effects of these pollutants on organisms residing in the ponds are unknown. We investigated the accumulation of Cu, Zn, and Pb by macroinvertebrates collected from stormwater treatment ponds in Maryland serving commercial, highway, residential and open-space watersheds, and determined whether watershed land-use classification influences metal concentrations in macroinvertebrates, sediments, and water. Three types of invertebrate samples were analyzed for molluscs, odonates, and composite. Zn concentrations in odonates from ponds draining watersheds with commercial development (mean=113.82 ug/g) were significantly higher than concentrations in the other land-use categories. Similarly, Cu levels in odonates from commercial ponds (mean=27.12 ug/g) were significantly higher than from highway (mean=20.23 ug/g) and open space (mean=17.79 ug/g) ponds. However, metal concentrations in sediments and water did not differ significantly among land-uses. The results suggest that despite the high variation in ambient metal concentrations within each land-use category, macroinvertebrates in ponds serving commercial watersheds accumulate higher levels of Cu and Zn. The levels of Cu, Zn, and Pb in invertebrates from all ponds were less than dietary concentrations considered toxic to fish.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"doi:10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00119-6 5630_Karouna-Renier.pdf","usgsCitation":"Karouna-Renier, N., and Sparling, D.W., 2001, Relationships between ambient geochemistry, watershed land-use and trace metal concentrations in aquatic invertebrates living in stormwater treatment ponds: Environmental Pollution, v. 112, no. 2, p. 183-192.","productDescription":"183-192","startPage":"183","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17262,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VB5-41TMTB3-9&_user=3109910&_coverDate=04%2F30%2F2001&_rdoc=9&_fmt=high&_orig=browse&_srch=doc-info(%23toc%235917%232001%23998879997%23219953%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&_cdi=5917&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=21&_acct=C000038819&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=3109910&md5=40fa55815307b619a6ecd3a0ee7ee357","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":199439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6aba24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karouna-Renier, N.K.","contributorId":55927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"N.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sparling, D. W.","contributorId":78675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223969,"text":"5223969 - 2001 - Effects of diquat, an aquatic herbicide, on the development of mallard embryos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T17:27:37.839823","indexId":"5223969","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2481,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of diquat, an aquatic herbicide, on the development of mallard embryos","docAbstract":"Bipyridylium herbicides produce embryotoxic and teratogenic effects in dipteran, amphibian, avian, and mammalian organisms. Diquat dibromide, a bipyridylium compound, is commonly used as an aquatic herbicide. Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) eggs were exposed to diquat by immersing the eggs for 10s in solutions of 0.88, 3.5, 7, 14, or 56 g/L on either the fourth or twenty-first day of incubation. Application of diquat on day 4 yielded an estimated LC50 of 19.5 g/L through 18 days of incubation, and 9.6 g/L through hatching. Body and organ weights, and bone lengths of hatchlings did not differ between control and treatment groups with the exception of a slight increase in brain weight in the 14 g/L group. Malformations in diquat-treated embryos included defects of the brain, eye, bill, limb, and pelvis; skeletal scoliosis; and incomplete ossification. Subcutaneous edema was also present. Significant manifestations of oxidative stress were apparent in hatchlings and included increased hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (lipid peroxidation) and decreased brain reduced glutathione (GSH). Brain protein-bound sulfhydryls (PBSH) increased. Diquat applied on day 21 of incubation yielded an estimated LC50 of 12.6 g/L through hatching. Exposure at this late stage of development did not produce deformities. Body and organ weights, and, bone lengths of hatchlings did not differ between control and treatment groups. Significant manifestations of oxidative stress in hatchlings included decreased brain GSH, increased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and ratio of GSSG:GSH. This study suggests that concentrations of diquat commonly used for aquatic weed control, when based upon the expected dilution effect of average water depth of the application area, would probably have little impact on mallard embryos. However, concentrations applied above ground to weeds and cattails along the edge of waters and ditches could adversely affect the survival and development of mallard embryos, and presumably other avian species nesting in such habitats.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00984100050201659","usgsCitation":"Sewalk, C., Brewer, G.L., and Hoffman, D.J., 2001, Effects of diquat, an aquatic herbicide, on the development of mallard embryos: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, v. 62, no. 1, p. 33-45, https://doi.org/10.1080/00984100050201659.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"45","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2fe4b07f02db615b7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sewalk, C.J.","contributorId":66379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sewalk","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, G. L.","contributorId":76271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brewer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224092,"text":"5224092 - 2001 - [Book review] Island Eagles: 20 years of observing golden eagles on the Isle of Skye, by Ken Crane and Kate Nellist","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:34","indexId":"5224092","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:36","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] Island Eagles: 20 years of observing golden eagles on the Isle of Skye, by Ken Crane and Kate Nellist","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Ellis, D.H., 2001, [Book review] Island Eagles: 20 years of observing golden eagles on the Isle of Skye, by Ken Crane and Kate Nellist: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 35, no. 3, p. 265-266.","productDescription":"265-266","startPage":"265","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16988,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/jrr/v035n03/p00265-p00267.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b6e4b07f02db5342ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224044,"text":"5224044 - 2001 - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, trace elements and monooxygenase activity in birds nesting on the North Platte River, Casper, Wyoming, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-18T01:01:45","indexId":"5224044","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, trace elements and monooxygenase activity in birds nesting on the North Platte River, Casper, Wyoming, USA","docAbstract":"Tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) and house wren (Troglodytes aedon) eggs and chicks were collected near a refinery site on the North Platte River, Casper, Wyoming, USA and at a reference site 10 km upstream. Total polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in swallow and wren chicks were higher at the refinery site than at the reference site. Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in sediment and chick dietary samples were consistent with these findings. The general lack of methylated PAHs in sediment, diet, and bird carcasses suggested that the PAHs were derived from combustion and not from petroleum. The predominance of odd numbered aliphatic hydrocarbons and the low ratios (≤ 0.25) of pristane: n-C17 and phytane: n-C18 in chick and diet samples also suggested that swallow and wren chicks were not being chronically exposed to petroleum. Mean ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase and benzyloxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activities in tree swallow livers averaged nine times higher at the refinery site than at the reference site and were probably induced by exposure to PAHs. Trace element concentrations in eggs and livers of swallows and wrens were similar or greater at the reference site than at the refinery site. Selenium, strontium, and boron concentrations were elevated in eggs and livers of swallows and wrens at both the refinery and reference sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","publisherLocation":"Brussels, Belgium","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620200323","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., Custer, C.M., Dickerson, K., Allen, K., Melancon, M.J., and Schmidt, L., 2001, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, trace elements and monooxygenase activity in birds nesting on the North Platte River, Casper, Wyoming, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 20, no. 3, p. 624-631, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620200323.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"624","endPage":"631","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17264,"rank":200,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620200323","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Casper","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682f0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":340362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":31330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dickerson, K.","contributorId":52296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickerson","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, K.","contributorId":43305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schmidt, L.J.","contributorId":89858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5224596,"text":"5224596 - 2001 - Pesticides are involved with population declines of amphibians in the California Sierra Nevadas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-11T12:53:09","indexId":"5224596","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3359,"text":"Scientific World Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticides are involved with population declines of amphibians in the California Sierra Nevadas","docAbstract":"Several species of frogs and toads are in serious decline in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. These species include the threatened red-legged frog ( Rana aurora ), foothill yellow-legged frog ( R. boylii ), mountain yellow-legged frog ( R. muscosa ), Cascades frog ( Rana cascadae ), western toad ( Bufo boreas ) and Yosemite toad ( B. canorus ). For many of these species current distributions are down to 10% of historical ranges. Several factors including introduced predators, habitat loss, and ultraviolet radiation have been suggested as causes of these declines. Another probable cause is air-borne pesticides from the Central Valley of California. The Central Valley, especially the San Joaquin Valley, is a major agricultural region where millions of pounds of active ingredient pesticides are applied each year (http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/dprdatabase.htm). Prevailing westerly winds from the Pacific Coast transport these pesticides into the into the Sierras.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Scientific World Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing","doi":"10.1100/tsw.2001.36","usgsCitation":"Sparling, D.W., Fellers, G., and McConnell, L., 2001, Pesticides are involved with population declines of amphibians in the California Sierra Nevadas: Scientific World Journal, v. 1, p. 200-201, https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.36.","productDescription":"200-201","startPage":"200","endPage":"201","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478813,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.36","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":201850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269043,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.36"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6882dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparling, D. W.","contributorId":78675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fellers, G.","contributorId":42167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McConnell, L.","contributorId":24067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5223971,"text":"5223971 - 2001 - The pollinators: native and naturalized","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-16T19:41:39","indexId":"5223971","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3762,"text":"WildfloraRI","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The pollinators: native and naturalized","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"WildfloraRI","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Rhode Island Wild Plant Society","publisherLocation":"Peace Dale, RI","usgsCitation":"Ginsberg, H., 2001, The pollinators: native and naturalized: WildfloraRI, v. 15, no. 2, p. 1-3.","productDescription":"1-3","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265778,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.riwps.org/newsletter-15-02.pdf"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a71e4b07f02db641e50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ginsberg, H. S. 0000-0002-4933-2466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":27576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"H. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224071,"text":"5224071 - 2001 - Monitoring of biological diversity in space and time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T22:41:22","indexId":"5224071","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring of biological diversity in space and time","docAbstract":"Monitoring programmes are being used increasingly to assess spatial and temporal trends of biological diversity, with an emphasis on evaluating the efficiency of management policies. Recent reviews of the existing programmes, with a focus on their design in particular, have highlighted the main weaknesses: the lack of well-articulated objectives and the neglect of different sources of error in the estimation of biological diversity. We review recent developments in methods and designs that aim to integrate sources of error to provide unbiased estimates of change in biological diversity and to suggest the potential causes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02205-4","collaboration":"5719_Yoccoz.pdf","usgsCitation":"Yoccoz, N.G., Nichols, J., and Boulinier, T., 2001, Monitoring of biological diversity in space and time: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 16, no. 8, p. 446-453, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02205-4.","productDescription":"446-453","startPage":"446","endPage":"453","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17336,"rank":200,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02205-4","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"16","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6990f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yoccoz, Nigel G.","contributorId":61537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoccoz","given":"Nigel","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":33046,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":340476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boulinier, T.","contributorId":37845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulinier","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224081,"text":"5224081 - 2001 - Antibody response to rabies vaccination in captive and freeranging wolves (Canis lupus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-15T20:04:07","indexId":"5224081","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2514,"text":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antibody response to rabies vaccination in captive and freeranging wolves (Canis lupus)","docAbstract":"Fourteen captive and five free-ranging Minnesota gray wolves (Canis lupus) were tested for the presence of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (RVNA) after vaccination with an inactivated canine rabies vaccine. Blood was collected from all wolves prior to vaccination and at 1 mo postvaccination (PV) and from all captive and three wild wolves at 3 mo PV. In addition, one free-ranging wolf was sampled at 4 mo PV, and two free-ranging wolves were sampled at 6 mo PV. All wolves were seronegative prior to vaccination. RVNA were detected in 14 (100%) captive wolves and in four of five (80%) free-ranging wolves. The geometric mean titer of the captive wolves at 1 mo PV was significantly higher (P = 0.023) than in the free-ranging wolves. Five of 13 (38.5%) captive wolves and none of the three (0%) free-ranging wolves had measurable RVNA at 3 mo PV. No measurable RVNA were detected in the serum samples collected from the free-ranging wolves at 4 and 6 mo PV. These results should be interpreted with caution because of the small number of free-ranging wolves tested. Further research is needed to properly assess immune function and antibody response to vaccination in captive wolves in comparison with their free-ranging counterparts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1638/1042-7260(2001)032[0127:ARTRVI]2.0.CO;2","collaboration":"5739_Federoff.pdf","usgsCitation":"Federoff, N., 2001, Antibody response to rabies vaccination in captive and freeranging wolves (Canis lupus): Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 32, no. 1, p. 127-129, https://doi.org/10.1638/1042-7260(2001)032[0127:ARTRVI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"127-129","startPage":"127","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269405,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1638/1042-7260(2001)032[0127:ARTRVI]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":201797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b3f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Federoff, N.E.","contributorId":50492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Federoff","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224077,"text":"5224077 - 2001 - Lice as probes [letter to the editor]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T22:41:52","indexId":"5224077","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lice as probes [letter to the editor]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02247-9","collaboration":"5732_Hahn.pdf","usgsCitation":"Hahn, D., and Price, R., 2001, Lice as probes [letter to the editor]: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 16, no. 8, p. 432-433, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02247-9.","productDescription":"432-433","startPage":"432","endPage":"433","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17510,"rank":200,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02247-9","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"16","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a553d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hahn, D.C. 0000-0002-5242-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2059","contributorId":46447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Price, R.D.","contributorId":32647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224091,"text":"5224091 - 2001 - Use of monoclonal antibodies developed against chicken coccidia (Eimeria) to study invasion and development of Eimeria reichenowi in Florida sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T13:02:41","indexId":"5224091","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2514,"text":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of monoclonal antibodies developed against chicken coccidia (Eimeria) to study invasion and development of Eimeria reichenowi in Florida sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis)","docAbstract":"

Eimeria gruis and Eimeria reichenowi are common coccidial parasites of a number of species of cranes. Until recently, little was known about either the site for invasion or the dynamics of early development of the crane coccidia because of the difficulty of identifying sporozoites and early developmental stages of these parasites by conventional staining methods. In the present study, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) elicited against Eimeria spp. of chickens and turkeys were found to cross-react with sporozoites and developmental stages of E. reichenowi in the tissues of Florida sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis). With these Mabs, E. reichenowi sporozoites were found in specimens taken at 6 hr postinoculation (PI) from just proximal to Meckel's diverticulum in the jejunum to the ileocecal juncture. Fewer were found in the ceca and rectum and none in the duodenal loop. At 24 hr PI, there were markedly fewer sporozoites and their location had shifted to the duodenum. No stages were seen in intestinal cells at 5 days PI (DPI), but trophozoites had developed in the liver and spleen. At 10 DPI, sexual stages were detected in the intestine from the duodenal loop through Meckel's diverticulum but not in other organs. By 14 DPI, numerous developmental stages were detected in the intestine (ceca and jejunum), liver, and lungs but not in the heart, kidney, or brain. The number, location, and maturity of the stages in the ceca differed markedly from those in the jejunum.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","doi":"10.1638/1042-7260(2001)032[0065:UOMADA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Augustine, P., Olsen, G.H., Danforth, H., Gee, G., and Novilla, M., 2001, Use of monoclonal antibodies developed against chicken coccidia (Eimeria) to study invasion and development of Eimeria reichenowi in Florida sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis): Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 32, no. 1, p. 65-70, https://doi.org/10.1638/1042-7260(2001)032[0065:UOMADA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68587c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Augustine, P.C.","contributorId":51419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Augustine","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Danforth, H.D.","contributorId":47059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gee, G.F.","contributorId":70335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Novilla, M.","contributorId":69679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novilla","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70206926,"text":"70206926 - 2001 - Lead poisoning in the globally threatened marbled teal and white‐headed duck in Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-27T16:29:59","indexId":"70206926","displayToPublicDate":"2009-11-03T16:25:12","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead poisoning in the globally threatened marbled teal and white‐headed duck in Spain","docAbstract":"

Marbled teal (Marmaronetta angustirostris) and white‐headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala) are the two European ducks threatened with global extinction. We investigated lead (Pb) poisoning in stifftails (Oxyura spp., n = 83) and marbled teal (n = 80) shot or found dead or moribund in Spanish wetlands via gizzard examination and liver, bone, and blood Pb analysis. Ingested Pb shot was present in 32% of shot stifftails and 70 and 43% of dead or moribund stifftails and marbled teal, respectively. Lead‐shot ingestion was more frequent in Valencia (eastern Spain), where Pb‐shot densities were higher and grit scarcer. Selection of larger grit similar in size to Pb shot may explain the higher rate of Pb‐shot ingestion observed in stifftails. Ingested shot was found more frequently in juvenile stifftails than in adults. Lead bone concentrations were higher in ducklings <9 d old than in fully grown teal and were also higher in adult than in juvenile teal. Our results show the need for a ban of Pb shot for waterfowl hunting in Spain and the cleanup of spent shot at major wetlands.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620201228","usgsCitation":"Mateo, R., Green, A., Jeske, C.W., Urios, V., and Gerique, C., 2001, Lead poisoning in the globally threatened marbled teal and white‐headed duck in Spain: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 20, no. 12, p. 2860-2868, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620201228.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2860","endPage":"2868","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10045/22683","text":"External Repository"},{"id":369757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-9.03482,41.88057],[-8.98443,42.59278],[-9.39288,43.02662],[-7.97819,43.74834],[-6.75449,43.56791],[-5.41189,43.57424],[-4.34784,43.40345],[-3.51753,43.4559],[-1.90135,43.4228],[-1.50277,43.03401],[0.33805,42.57955],[0.70159,42.79573],[1.82679,42.34338],[2.986,42.47302],[3.03948,41.89212],[2.09184,41.22609],[0.81052,41.01473],[0.72133,40.67832],[0.10669,40.12393],[-0.27871,39.30998],[0.11129,38.73851],[-0.46712,38.29237],[-0.68339,37.64235],[-1.43838,37.44306],[-2.14645,36.67414],[-3.41578,36.6589],[-4.3689,36.67784],[-4.99522,36.32471],[-5.37716,35.94685],[-5.86643,36.02982],[-6.23669,36.36768],[-6.52019,36.94291],[-7.45373,37.09779],[-7.53711,37.4289],[-7.16651,37.80389],[-7.02928,38.07576],[-7.37409,38.37306],[-7.09804,39.03007],[-7.49863,39.62957],[-7.06659,39.71189],[-7.02641,40.18452],[-6.86402,40.33087],[-6.85113,41.11108],[-6.38909,41.38182],[-6.66861,41.88339],[-7.25131,41.91835],[-7.42251,41.79207],[-8.01317,41.79089],[-8.26386,42.28047],[-8.67195,42.13469],[-9.03482,41.88057]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Spain\"}}]}","volume":"20","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mateo, Rafael","contributorId":24239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mateo","given":"Rafael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, A.J.","contributorId":51529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jeske, Clinton W. jeskec@usgs.gov","contributorId":2982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeske","given":"Clinton","email":"jeskec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":776279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Urios, Vicente","contributorId":220945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Urios","given":"Vicente","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gerique, Cati","contributorId":220946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerique","given":"Cati","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157398,"text":"70157398 - 2001 - Aircraft and runway deicers at General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. 2. Toxicity of aircraft and runway deicers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-08T15:54:47.631852","indexId":"70157398","displayToPublicDate":"2009-11-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aircraft and runway deicers at General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. 2. Toxicity of aircraft and runway deicers","docAbstract":"

Streams receiving runoff from General Mitchell International Airport (GMIA), Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, were studied to assess toxic impacts of aircraft and runway deicers. Elevated levels of constituents related to deicing (propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and ammonia) were observed in stream samples. The LC50s of type I deicer for Ceriodaphnia dubia, Pimephelas promelas, Hyalela azteca, and Chironimus tentans and the EC50 for Microtox® were less than 5,000 mg/L of propylene glycol. Concentrations up to 39,000 mg/L were observed at airport outfall sites in samples collected during deicing events. The IC25s of type I deicer for C. dubia and P. promelas were less than 1,500 mg/L of propylene glycol. Concentrations up to 960 mg/L were observed in low‐flow samples at an airport outfall site. Measured toxicity of stream water was greatest during winter storms when deicers were applied. Chronic toxicity was observed at airport outfall samples from low‐flow periods in the winter and the summer, with the greater toxic impacts from the winter sample. All forms of toxicity in stream‐water samples decreased as downstream flows increased.

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