{"pageNumber":"306","pageRowStart":"7625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16445,"records":[{"id":53193,"text":"wri034186 - 2003 - Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 3. Historical ground-water quality for the Red River Valley, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-17T06:28:35","indexId":"wri034186","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4186","title":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 3. Historical ground-water quality for the Red River Valley, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Historical ground-water quality data for 100 wells in the Red River Valley between the\r\nU.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station (08265000), near Questa, and Placer Creek\r\neast of the town of Red River, New Mexico, were compiled and reviewed. The tabulation\r\nincluded 608 water-quality records from 23 sources entered into an electronic database. Groundwater\r\nquality data were first collected at the Red River wastewater-treatment facility in 1982.\r\nMost analyses, however, were obtained between 1994 and 2002, even though the first wells were\r\ndeveloped in 1962.\r\nThe data were evaluated by considering (a) temporal consistency, (b) quality of sampling\r\nmethods, (c) charge imbalance, and (d) replicate analyses. Analyses that qualified on the basis\r\nof these criteria were modeled to obtain saturation indices for gypsum, calcite, fluorite, gibbsite,\r\nmanganite, and rhodocrosite. Plots created from the data illustrate that water chemistry in the\r\nRed River Valley is predominantly controlled by calcite dissolution, congruent gypsum\r\ndissolution, and pyrite oxidation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034186","usgsCitation":"LoVetere, S.H., Nordstrom, D.K., Maest, A.S., and Naus, C.A., 2003, Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 3. Historical ground-water quality for the Red River Valley, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4186, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034186.","productDescription":"49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7872,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri03-4186/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7873,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/GWC_chemtherm/questa.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Taos County","otherGeospatial":"Red River 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Sara H.","contributorId":89594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LoVetere","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maest, Ann S.","contributorId":26003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maest","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naus, Cheryl A.","contributorId":82749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naus","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":51975,"text":"wri034032 - 2003 - Ground-water conditions and studies in Georgia, 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T17:23:07","indexId":"wri034032","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4032","title":"Ground-water conditions and studies in Georgia, 2001","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collects ground-water data and conducts studies to monitor hydrologic conditions, to better define ground-water resources, and address problems related to water supply and water quality. Data collected as part of ground-water studies include geologic, geophysical, hydraulic property, water level, and water quality. A ground-water-level network has been established throughout most of the State of Georgia, and ground-water-quality networks have been established in the cities of Albany, Savannah, and Brunswick and in Camden County, Georgia. \n\nGround-water levels are monitored continuously in a network of wells completed in major aquifers of the State. This network includes 17 wells in the surficial aquifer, 12 wells in the upper and lower Brunswick aquifers, 73 wells in the Upper Floridan aquifer, 10 wells in the Lower Floridan aquifer and underlying units, 12 wells in the Claiborne aquifer, 1 well in the Gordon aquifer, 11 wells in the Clayton aquifer, 11 wells in the Cretaceous aquifer system, 2 wells in Paleozoic-rock aquifers, and 7 wells in crystalline-rock aquifers. In this report, data from these 156 wells were evaluated to determine whether mean-annual ground-water levels were within, below, or above the normal range during 2001, based on summary statistics for the period of record. Information from these summaries indicates that water levels during 2001 were below normal in almost all aquifers monitored, largely reflecting climatic effects from drought and pumping. In addition, water-level hydrographs for selected wells indicate that water levels have declined during the past 5 years (since 1997) in almost all aquifers monitored, with water levels in some wells falling below historical lows. In addition to continuous water-level data, periodic measurements taken in 52 wells in the Camden County-Charlton County area, and 65 wells in the city of Albany-Dougherty County area were used to construct potentiometric-surface maps for the Upper Floridan aquifer. \n\nGround-water quality in the Upper Floridan aquifer is monitored in the cities of Albany, Savannah, and Brunswick and in Camden County; and monitored in the Lower Floridan aquifer in the Savannah and Brunswick areas. In the Albany area since 1998, nitrate concentrations in the Upper Floridan aquifer have increased in 4 of the 11 wells monitored, and in 1 well, concentrations were above the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L) drinking-water standard. In the Savannah area, chloride concentration in water from four wells in the Upper Floridan aquifer showed no appreciable change during 2001, remaining within the USEPA 250 mg/L drinking-water standard; in seven wells completed in the Lower Floridan aquifer and in underlying zones, the chloride concentration remained above the drinking-water standard, with one well showing an increase over previous years. \n\nIn the Brunswick area, water samples from 66 wells completed in the Upper or Lower Floridan aquifers were collected during June 2001 and analyzed for chloride. A map showing chloride concentrations in the Upper Floridan aquifer during June 2001 indicates that concentrations remained above USEPA drinking-water standards across a 2-square-mile area. In the north Brunswick area, chloride concentrations in the Upper Floridan aquifer continued to increase, whereas in the south Brunswick area, concentrations continued to decrease. \n\nIn the Camden County area, chloride concentrations in six wells completed in the Upper Floridan aquifer remained within drinking-water standards. With the exception of one well, concentrations remained the same and were below 40 mg/L. In one well, concentrations showed a sharp decline during 2001, but remained above 130 mg/L. \n\nOngoing studies during 2001 include evaluation of agricultural chemicals in shallow ground water in southwestern Georgia; evaluation of saltwater intrusion and water-level and water-quality m","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034032","usgsCitation":"Leeth, D.C., Clarke, J.S., Craigg, S.D., and Wipperfurth, C.J., 2003, Ground-water conditions and studies in Georgia, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4032, iv, 96 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034032.","productDescription":"iv, 96 p. : ill. 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David C. cleeth@usgs.gov","contributorId":1403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leeth","given":"David","email":"cleeth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":244588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clarke, John S. jsclarke@usgs.gov","contributorId":400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"John","email":"jsclarke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":244587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Craigg, Steven D.","contributorId":65852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craigg","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wipperfurth, Caryl J. cjwipper@usgs.gov","contributorId":1866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipperfurth","given":"Caryl","email":"cjwipper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":244589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53724,"text":"ofr03459 - 2003 - Hydrologic, water-quality, and biological data for three water bodies, Texas Gulf Coastal Plain, 2000-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T17:17:14","indexId":"ofr03459","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-459","title":"Hydrologic, water-quality, and biological data for three water bodies, Texas Gulf Coastal Plain, 2000-2002","docAbstract":"

During July 2000–September 2002, the U.S. Geological Survey collected and analyzed site-specific hydrologic, water-quality, and biological data in Dickinson Bayou, Armand Bayou, and the San Bernard River in the Gulf Coastal Plain of Texas. Segments of the three water bodies are on the State 303(d) list. Continuous monitoring showed that seasonal variations in water temperature, specific conductance, pH, and dissolved oxygen in all three water bodies were similar to those observed at U.S. Geological Survey stations along the Texas Gulf Coast. In particular, water temperature and dissolved oxygen are inversely related. Periods of smallest dissolved oxygen concentrations generally occurred in the summer months when water temperatures were highest. Water-quality monitors were deployed at three depths in Dickinson Bayou. For periodically collected nutrients, the median concentration of ammonia nitrogen was largest in Dickinson Bayou and smallest in the San Bernard River. Median concentrations of ammonia plus organic nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, and orthophosphorus were largest in Armand Bayou. The median concentration of each of the four nutrients was larger for high-flow samples than for low-flow samples. The largest individual nutrient concentrations occurred during spring and summer. Both median and individual concentrations of chlorophyll-a were largest for Armand Bayou; median concentrations of pheophyton were similar for all three water bodies, and individual concentrations were largest for Armand Bayou. Median densities of fecal coliform bacteria and E. coli bacteria were similar for all three water bodies. Flow conditions had minimal effect on concentrations of chlorophyll-a and pheophytin, but the largest bacteria densities were in samples collected during high flow. Yields of most nutrients tended to increase with distance downstream. Yields in the San Bernard River and tributaries were less than yields in Dickinson and Armand Bayous. For Dickinson and Armand Bayous, the most individuals and species of fish were collected at the most downstream main stem site; for the San Bernard River, the fewest individuals and species of fish were collected at the most downstream main stem site.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03459","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Houston-Galveston Area Council and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"East, J., and Hogan, J.L., 2003, Hydrologic, water-quality, and biological data for three water bodies, Texas Gulf Coastal Plain, 2000-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-459, v, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03459.","productDescription":"v, 74 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0459/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":5089,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03459/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":87545,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0459/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.01 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Armand Bayou, Dickinson Bayou, San Bernard River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -97,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -97,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -95,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -95,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688bf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Jeffery W. jweast@usgs.gov","contributorId":1683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Jeffery W.","email":"jweast@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hogan, Jennifer L.","contributorId":51812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53733,"text":"fs12803 - 2003 - Applying indicators of hydrologic alteration to Texas streams: overview of methods with examples from the Trinity River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T15:02:09","indexId":"fs12803","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"128-03","title":"Applying indicators of hydrologic alteration to Texas streams: overview of methods with examples from the Trinity River basin","docAbstract":"

Streamflow is a component of aquatic ecosystem health, and long-term alteration of streamflow characteristics can produce large changes in aquatic ecosystem structure and function. The physical, chemical, and biological properties of aquatic ecosystems are all affected by the magnitude and frequency of streamflow. For example, the physical structure (hydrogeomorphology) of aquatic habitats is a property of the interaction between streamflow magnitude and frequency and the physical landscape (Leopold and others, 1992). Chemical processes are affected by changes in water residence time, which is a function of streamflow. Similarly, the structure and function of biological communities associated with stream ecosystems depend in large part on the hydrologic regime (Poff and Ward, 1989, 1990; Sparks, 1992). Within-year variation in streamflow is essential to the survival, growth, and reproduction of aquatic species. Altering streamflow magnitude and frequency and within-year variability has the potential to modify critical aspects of the physical habitat (Bain and others, 1988).

Documenting the degree to which streamflow has been modified by the cumulative effects of water development is critical to assessing aquatic ecosystem health. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, conducted a study of the application of the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) methods developed by Richter and others (1996, 1997) to identify streams at risk for biological impairment from the loss of streamflow-dependent habitat. This report provides a brief overview of selected IHA methods for assessing hydrologic alteration; presents examples that illustrate the application of the methods using streamflow data from a subset of USGS stations in the Trinity River Basin, Texas, analyzed in the study; and addresses applicability of the methods statewide.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs12803","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Kiesling, R.L., 2003, Applying indicators of hydrologic alteration to Texas streams: overview of methods with examples from the Trinity River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 128-03, HTML document; Report: 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12803.","productDescription":"HTML document; Report: 6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_128_03.bmp"},{"id":5095,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs12803/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":335621,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs12803/pdf/FS_128-03.pdf","text":"Report","size":"920 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Trinity River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.19580078125,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -97.66845703124999,\n 33.44977658311846\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 33.5963189611327\n ],\n [\n -96.61376953125,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n -96.328125,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n -96.08642578125,\n 33.26624989076275\n ],\n [\n -95.60302734375,\n 32.91648534731439\n ],\n [\n -95.33935546875,\n 32.34284135639302\n ],\n [\n -95.25146484374999,\n 31.87755764334002\n ],\n [\n -94.85595703125,\n 31.109388560814963\n ],\n [\n -94.482421875,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -94.24072265625,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -93.93310546875,\n 29.916852233070173\n ],\n [\n -93.84521484375,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 29.248063243796576\n ],\n [\n -95.38330078125,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -96.15234375,\n 28.420391085674304\n ],\n [\n -96.8115234375,\n 28.013801376380712\n ],\n [\n -97.09716796875,\n 27.6251403350933\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 26.980828590472107\n ],\n [\n -97.03125,\n 26.588527147308614\n ],\n [\n -97.03125,\n 26.15543796871355\n ],\n [\n -97.27294921875,\n 26.05678288577881\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 26.470573022375085\n ],\n [\n -97.66845703124999,\n 26.86328062676624\n ],\n [\n -97.6025390625,\n 27.761329874505233\n ],\n [\n -96.9873046875,\n 28.401064827220896\n ],\n [\n -96.26220703125,\n 28.8831596093235\n ],\n [\n -95.537109375,\n 29.132970130878636\n ],\n [\n -95.16357421875,\n 29.34387539941801\n ],\n [\n -95.38330078125,\n 30.164126343161097\n ],\n [\n -96.2841796875,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 31.12819929911196\n ],\n [\n -97.734375,\n 32.1570124860701\n ],\n [\n -98.19580078125,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -98.7451171875,\n 32.91648534731439\n ],\n [\n -99.11865234374999,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -98.9208984375,\n 33.5963189611327\n ],\n [\n -98.50341796875,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n -98.19580078125,\n 33.358061612778876\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a3e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiesling, Richard L. 0000-0002-3017-1826 kiesling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3017-1826","contributorId":1837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiesling","given":"Richard","email":"kiesling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53704,"text":"wri034272 - 2003 - Geochemistry of the Birch Creek Drainage Basin, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-15T01:02:00","indexId":"wri034272","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4272","title":"Geochemistry of the Birch Creek Drainage Basin, Idaho","docAbstract":"The U.S. Survey and Idaho State University, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, are conducting studies to describe the chemical character of ground water that moves as underflow from drainage basins into the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer (ESRPA) system at and near the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) and the effects of these recharge waters on the geochemistry of the ESRPA system. Each of these recharge waters has a hydrochemical character related to geochemical processes, especially water-rock interactions, that occur during migration to the ESRPA. Results of these studies will benefit ongoing and planned geochemical modeling of the ESRPA at the INEEL by providing model input on the hydrochemical character of water from each drainage basin.\r\n\r\nDuring 2000, water samples were collected from five wells and one surface-water site in the Birch Creek drainage basin and analyzed for selected inorganic constituents, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, tritium, measurements of gross alpha and beta radioactivity, and stable isotopes. Four duplicate samples also were collected for quality assurance. Results, which include analyses of samples previously collected from four other sites, in the basin, show that most water from the Birch Creek drainage basin has a calcium-magnesium bicarbonate character. \r\n\r\nThe Birch Creek Valley can be divided roughly into three hydrologic areas. In the northern part, ground water is forced to the surface by a basalt barrier and the sampling sites were either surface water or shallow wells. Water chemistry in this area was characterized by simple evaporation models, simple calcite-carbon dioxide models, or complex models involving carbonate and silicate minerals. The central part of the valley is filled by sedimentary material and the sampling sites were wells that are deeper than those in the northern part. Water chemistry in this area was characterized by simple calcite-dolomite-carbon dioxide models. In the southern part, ground water enters the ESRPA. In this area, the sampling sites were wells with depths and water levels much deeper than those in the northern and central parts of the valley. The calcium and carbon water chemistry in this area was characterized by a simple calcite-carbon dioxide model, but complex calcite-silicate models more accurately accounted for mass transfer in these areas.\r\n\r\nThroughout the geochemical system, calcite precipitated if it was an active phase in the models. Carbon dioxide either precipitated (outgassed) or dissolved depending on the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in water from the modeled sites. Dolomite was an active phase only in models from the central part of the system. Generally the entire geochemical system could be modeled with either evaporative models, carbonate models, or carbonate-silicate models. In both of the latter types of models, a significant amount of calcite precipitated relative to the mass transfer to and from the other active phases. The amount of calcite precipitated in the more complex models was consistent with the amount of calcite precipitated in the simpler models. This consistency suggests that, although the simpler models can predict calcium and carbon concentrations in Birch Creek Valley ground and surface water, silicate-mineral-based models are required to account for the other constituents. The amount of mass transfer to and from the silicate mineral phases was generally small compared with that in the carbonate phases. It appears that the water chemistry of well USGS 126B represents the chemistry of water recharging the ESRPA by means of underflow from the Birch Creek Valley.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Idaho Falls, ID","doi":"10.3133/wri034272","usgsCitation":"Swanson, S.A., Rosentreter, J.J., Bartholomay, R.C., and Knobel, L.L., 2003, Geochemistry of the Birch Creek Drainage Basin, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4272, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034272.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5046,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034272","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Birch Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,43 ], [ -114,44.5 ], [ -112,44.5 ], [ -112,43 ], [ -114,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa522","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Shawn A.","contributorId":63873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosentreter, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":106161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosentreter","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knobel, LeRoy L.","contributorId":76285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knobel","given":"LeRoy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53164,"text":"fs08603 - 2003 - Diurnal variation in trace-metal concentrations in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T17:04:08","indexId":"fs08603","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"086-03","displayTitle":"Diurnal Variation in Trace-Metal Concentrations in Streams","title":"Diurnal variation in trace-metal concentrations in streams","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs08603","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D.A., 2003, Diurnal variation in trace-metal concentrations in streams: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 086-03, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs08603.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_086_03.bmp"},{"id":4751,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs08603/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d8b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53823,"text":"fs12603 - 2003 - Selected applications of hydrologic science and research in Maryland, Delaware, and Washington, D.C., 2001-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"fs12603","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"126-03","title":"Selected applications of hydrologic science and research in Maryland, Delaware, and Washington, D.C., 2001-2003","docAbstract":"One of the roles of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is to provide reliable water data and unbiased water science needed to describe and understand the Nation?s water resources. This fact sheet describes selected techniques that were used by the USGS to collect, transmit, evaluate, or interpret data, in support of investigations that describe the quantity and quality of water resources in Maryland (MD), Delaware (DE), and the District of Columbia (D.C.). These hydrologic investigations generally were performed in cooperation with universities, research centers, and other Federal, State, and local Government agencies.\r\n\r\nThe applications of hydrologic science and research that were selected for this fact sheet were used or tested in the MD-DE-DC District from 2001 through 2003, and include established methods, new approaches, and preliminary research. The USGS usually relies on standard methods or protocols when conducting water-resources research. Occasionally, traditional methods must be modified to address difficult environmental questions or challenging sampling conditions. Technologies developed for other purposes can sometimes be successfully applied to the collection or dissemination of water-resources data. The USGS is continually exploring new ways to collect, transmit, evaluate, and interpret data. The following applications of hydrologic science and research illustrate a few of the recent advances made by scientists working for and with the USGS.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs12603","usgsCitation":"Olsen, L., 2003, Selected applications of hydrologic science and research in Maryland, Delaware, and Washington, D.C., 2001-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 126-03, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12603.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9065,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs126-03/ ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2003/0126/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87793,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2003/0126/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa7e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olsen, Lisa D. ldolsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Lisa D.","email":"ldolsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53629,"text":"wri034215 - 2003 - Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analyses of Selected Streams in Lorain County, Ohio, 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:42","indexId":"wri034215","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4215","title":"Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analyses of Selected Streams in Lorain County, Ohio, 2003","docAbstract":"Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses were done for selected reaches of nine streams in Lorain County Ohio. To assess the alternatives for flood-damage mitigation, the Lorain County Engineer and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) initiated a cooperative study to investigate aspects of the hydrology and hydraulics of the nine streams. Historical streamflow data and regional regression equations were used to estimate instantaneous peak discharges for floods having recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. Explanatory variables used in the regression equations were drainage area, main-channel slope, and storage area. Drainage areas of the nine stream reaches studied ranged from 1.80 to 19.3 square miles. \r\n\r\nThe step-backwater model HEC-RAS was used to determine water-surface-elevation profiles for the 10-year-recurrence-interval (10-year) flood along a selected reach of each stream. The water-surface pro-file information was used then to generate digital mapping of flood-plain boundaries. The analyses indicate that at the 10-year flood elevation, road overflow results at numerous hydraulic structures along the nine streams.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034215","usgsCitation":"Jackson, K.S., Ostheimer, C.J., and Whitehead, M.T., 2003, Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analyses of Selected Streams in Lorain County, Ohio, 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4215, 54 p. and CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034215.","productDescription":"54 p. and CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4907,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034215/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6118e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, K. Scott","contributorId":50560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostheimer, Chad J. ostheime@usgs.gov","contributorId":2160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostheimer","given":"Chad","email":"ostheime@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":247953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whitehead, Matthew T. mtwhiteh@usgs.gov","contributorId":2158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"Matthew","email":"mtwhiteh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":247952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53578,"text":"wri034044 - 2003 - Water quality and trend analysis of Colorado-Big Thompson system reservoirs and related conveyances, 1969 through 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T21:59:50.068341","indexId":"wri034044","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4044","title":"Water quality and trend analysis of Colorado-Big Thompson system reservoirs and related conveyances, 1969 through 2000","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in an ongoing cooperative monitoring program with the Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District, Bureau of Reclamation, and City of Fort Collins, has collected water-quality data in north-central Colorado since 1969 in reservoirs and conveyances, such as canals and tunnels, related to the Colorado–Big Thompson Project, a water-storage, collection, and distribution system. Ongoing changes in water use among agricultural and municipal users on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, changing land use in reservoir watersheds, and other water-quality issues among Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District customers necessitated a reexamination of water-quality trends in the Colorado–Big Thompson system reservoirs and related conveyances. The sampling sites are on reservoirs, canals, and tunnels in the headwaters of the Colorado River (on the western side of the transcontinental diversion operations) and the headwaters of the Big Thompson River (on the eastern side of the transcontinental diversion operations). Carter Lake Reservoir and Horsetooth Reservoir are off-channel water-storage facilities, located in the foothills of the northern Colorado Front Range, for water supplied from the Colorado–Big Thompson Project. The length of water-quality record ranges from approximately 3 to 30 years depending on the site and the type of measurement or constituent. Changes in sampling frequency, analytical methods, and minimum reporting limits have occurred repeatedly over the period of record.

The objective of this report was to complete a retrospective water-quality and trend analysis of reservoir profiles, nutrients, major ions, selected trace elements, chlorophyll-a, and hypolimnetic oxygen data from 1969 through 2000 in Lake Granby, Shadow Mountain Lake, and the Granby Pump Canal in Grand County, Colorado, and Horsetooth Reservoir, Carter Lake, Lake Estes, Alva B. Adams Tunnel, and Olympus Tunnel in Larimer County, Colorado.

This report summarizes and assesses:

  1. Water-quality and field-measurement profile data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and stored in the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System,
  2. Time-series trends of chemical constituents and physical properties,
  3. Trends in oxygen deficits in the hypolimnion of the reservoirs in the late summer season by the seasonal Kendall trend test method,
  4. Nutrient limitation and trophic status indicators, and
  5. Water-quality data in terms of Colorado water-quality standards.

Water quality was generally acceptable for primary uses throughout the Colorado–Big Thompson system over the site periods of record, which are all within the span of 1969 to 2000. Dissolved solids and nutrient concentrations were low and typical of a forested/mountainous/crystalline bedrock hydrologic setting. Most of the more toxic trace elements were rarely detected or were found in low concentrations, due at least in part to a relative lack of ore-mineral deposits within the drainage areas of the Colorado–Big Thompson Project.

Constituent concentrations consistently met water-quality standard thresholds set by the State of Colorado. Trophic-State Index Values indicated mesotrophic conditions generally prevailed at reservoirs, based on available Secchi depth, total phosphorus concentrations, and chlorophyll-a concentrations.

Based on plots of time-series values and concentrations and seasonal Kendall nonparametric trends testing, dissolved solids and most major ions are decreasing at most sites. Many of the nutrient data did not meet the minimum criteria for time-series testing; but for those that did, nutrient concentrations were generally stable (no statistical trend) or decreasing (ammonia plus organic nitrogen and total phosphorus). Iron and manganese concentrations were stable or decreasing at most sites that met testing criteria. Chlorophyll-a data were only collected for 11 years but generally indicated quasi-stable or downward temporal trends.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034044","usgsCitation":"Stevens, M.R., 2003, Water quality and trend analysis of Colorado-Big Thompson system reservoirs and related conveyances, 1969 through 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4044, vi, 150 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034044.","productDescription":"vi, 150 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410242,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_63278.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":4801,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034044/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado-Big Thompson system reservoirs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.1667,\n 40.6167\n ],\n [\n -105.9225,\n 40.6167\n ],\n [\n -105.9225,\n 40.1167\n ],\n [\n -105.1667,\n 40.1167\n ],\n [\n -105.1667,\n 40.6167\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9b59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53190,"text":"wri034163 - 2003 - Effects of best-management practices in the Black Earth Creek Priority Watershed, Wisconsin, 1984-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-13T12:20:19","indexId":"wri034163","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4163","title":"Effects of best-management practices in the Black Earth Creek Priority Watershed, Wisconsin, 1984-98","docAbstract":"

The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey began a comprehensive, multidisciplinary evaluation-monitoring program in 1989 to assess the effectiveness of the Wisconsin Nonpoint Source Program. Hydrologic and water-quality data were collected at Brewery and Garfoot Creeks in 1984 and 1985 (pre-best-management practices (BMPs) period) and 1997 and 1998 (post-BMP period). In rural areas, best-management practices may include conservation tillage, contour strip-cropping, streambank protection, and various barnyard-runoff controls. Water-quality samples were collected during base flow and storms.

\n

At Brewery Creek, no statistically significant differences in the median base flow water-quality concentrations between the pre- and post-BMP periods. At Garfoot Creek, the median suspended-sediment concentration at base flow decreased by 41 percent between the pre- and post-BMP periods and the median ammonia nitrogen concentration decreased by 67 percent. Both of these differences were statistically significant at the 0.05 (probability) level.

\n

For both Brewery and Garfoot Creeks, the median storm loads for suspended sediment, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen were compared statistically by means of the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. This test also was applied to regression residuals for differences between the pre- and post-BMP periods. For Garfoot Creek, only the median load for ammonia nitrogen shows a statistically significant difference between the pre-and post-BMP periods. None of the median storm loads for Brewery Creek were statistically significant at the 0.05 level. The decrease of the regression residuals between the pre- and post-BMP periods for ammonia nitrogen at Brewery Creek and for total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen at Garfoot Creek all were statistically significant at the 0.05 level. These reductions between the pre- and post-BMP periods likely are results of the installed BMPs. The effectiveness of the BMPs on water quality are watershed specific.

\n

The effectiveness of the practice will depend on the type, number, and location of the BMPs implemented.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034163","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Graczyk, D., Walker, J.F., Horwatich, J., and Bannerman, R.T., 2003, Effects of best-management practices in the Black Earth Creek Priority Watershed, Wisconsin, 1984-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4163, vi, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034163.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124538,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2003_4163.jpg"},{"id":311304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034163/pdf/wrir03-4163.pdf"},{"id":4786,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034163/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","otherGeospatial":"Black Earth Creek, Brewery Creek, Garfoot Creek","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624913","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graczyk, David J.","contributorId":107265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graczyk","given":"David J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horwatich, J.A.","contributorId":50591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horwatich","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bannerman, Roger T. 0000-0001-9221-2905 rbannerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9221-2905","contributorId":5560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannerman","given":"Roger","email":"rbannerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53188,"text":"wri034144 - 2003 - Hydrology, nutrient concentrations, and nutrient yields in nearshore areas of four lakes in northern Wisconsin, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-13T13:15:27","indexId":"wri034144","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4144","title":"Hydrology, nutrient concentrations, and nutrient yields in nearshore areas of four lakes in northern Wisconsin, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"

The effects of shoreline development on water quality and nutrient yields in nearshore areas of four lakes in northern Wisconsin were investigated from October 1999 through September 2001. The study measured surface runoff and ground-water flows from paired developed (sites containing lawn, rooftops, sidewalks, and driveways) and undeveloped (mature and immature woods) catchments adjacent to four lakes in northern Wisconsin. Water samples from surface runoff and ground water were collected and analyzed for nutrients. Coupled with water volumes, loads and subsequent yields of selected constituents were computed for developed and undeveloped catchments. The median runoff from lawn surfaces ranged from 0.0019 to 0.059 inch over the catchment area. Median surface runoff estimates from the wooded catchments were an order of magnitude less than those from the lawn catchments. The increased water volumes from the lawn catchments resulted in greater nutrient loads and subsequent annual nutrient yields from the developed sites. Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured at two sites with mixed lawn and wooded areas. At both of these sites, the area covered with a lawn commonly was warmer than the wooded area. No consistent differences in soil moisture were found. A ground-water model was constructed to simulate the local flow systems at two of the paired catchments. Model simulations showed that much of the ground water delivered to the lake originated from distant areas that did not contribute runoff directly to the lake. Surface runoff and ground-water nutrient concentrations from the lawn and wooded catchments did not have apparent patterns. Some of the median concentrations from lawns were significantly different (at the 0.05 significance level) from those at wooded catchments. Water wells and piezometers were sampled for chemical analyses three times during the study period. Variability in the shallow ground-water chemistry over time in the lawn samples was larger than samples from the wooded areas and upgradient wells. Median nutrient yields in surface runoff from lawns always were greater than those from the wooded catchments. Runoff volumes were the most important factor in determining whether lawns or wooded catchments contribute more nutrients to the lake. The ground-water system had appreciable nutrient concentrations, and are likely an important pathway for nutrient transport to the lake. The nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen and total phosphorus yields to the ground-water system from a lawn catchment were approximately 3 to 4 times greater than those from the wooded catchment. There was no difference in the yields of dissolved inorganic phosphorus to the ground-water system from the lawn and wooded catchments. Study results demonstrate that choosing the appropriate landscape position for locating lawns in sloped areas (specifically, slopes that do not terminate at the lake or areas with intervening flat or buffer zones between lawn and lake) can help reduce the adverse effect of lawns on the shallow ground water and, ultimately, the lake. Additional information would be needed to extrapolate these results to a large drainage area of a lake.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034144","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Graczyk, D., Hunt, R.J., Greb, S.R., Buchwald, C.A., and Krohelski, J.T., 2003, Hydrology, nutrient concentrations, and nutrient yields in nearshore areas of four lakes in northern Wisconsin, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4144, viii, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034144.","productDescription":"viii, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"73","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311309,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wrir-03-4144/pdf/wrir-03-4144.pdf"},{"id":4784,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wrir-03-4144/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Forest County, Oneida County, Vilas County","otherGeospatial":"Anvil Lake, Butternut Lake, Kentuck Lake, Lower Ninemile Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.14581298828125,\n 45.867540841540254\n ],\n [\n -89.14581298828125,\n 46.01436975297069\n ],\n [\n -88.92333984375,\n 46.01436975297069\n ],\n [\n -88.92333984375,\n 45.867540841540254\n ],\n [\n -89.14581298828125,\n 45.867540841540254\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6670fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graczyk, David J.","contributorId":107265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graczyk","given":"David J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greb, Steven R.","contributorId":29010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greb","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":246862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buchwald, Cheryl A. 0000-0001-8968-5023 cabuchwa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8968-5023","contributorId":1943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchwald","given":"Cheryl","email":"cabuchwa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krohelski, James T.","contributorId":52223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohelski","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":52669,"text":"wri034192 - 2003 - Isotope geochemistry and chronology of offshore ground water beneath Indian River Bay, Delaware","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-11T06:50:43","indexId":"wri034192","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4192","displayTitle":"Isotope Geochemistry and Chronology of Offshore Ground Water Beneath Indian River Bay, Delaware","title":"Isotope geochemistry and chronology of offshore ground water beneath Indian River Bay, Delaware","docAbstract":"Results of geophysical surveys in Indian River Bay, Delaware, indicate a complex pattern of salinity variation in subestuarine ground water. Fresh ground-water plumes up to about 20 meters thick extending hundreds of meters offshore are interspersed with saline ground water, with varying degrees of mixing along the salinity boundaries. It is possible that these features represent pathways for nutrient transport and interaction with estuarine surface water, but the geophysical data do not indicate rates of movement or nutrient sources and reactions. In the current study, samples of subestuarine ground water from temporary wells with short screens placed 3 to 22 meters below the sediment-water interface were analyzed chemically and isotopically to determine the origins, ages, transport pathways, and nutrient contents of the fresh and saline components. Apparent ground-water ages determined from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), tritium (3H), and helium isotopes (3He and 4He) commonly were discordant, but nevertheless indicate that both fresh and saline ground waters ranged from a few years to at least 50 years in age. Tritium-helium (3H-3He) ages, tentatively judged to be most reliable, indicate that stratified offshore freshwater plumes originating in distant recharge areas on land were bounded by relatively young saline water that was recharged locally from the overlying estuary. Undenitrified and partially denitrified nitrate of agricultural or mixed origin was transported laterally beneath the estuary in oxic and suboxic fresh ground water. Ammonium produced by anaerobic degradation of organic matter in estuarine sediments was transported downward in suboxic saline ground water around the freshwater plumes. Many of the chemical and isotopic characteristics of the subestuarine ground waters are consistent with conservative mixing of the fresh (terrestrial) and saline (estuarine) endmember water types. These data indicate that freshwater plumes detected by geophysical surveys beneath Indian River Bay represent lateral continuations of the active surficial nitrate-contaminated freshwater flow systems originating on land, but they do not indicate directly the magnitude of fresh ground-water discharge or nutrient exchange with the estuary. There is evidence that some of the terrestrial ground-water nitrate is reduced before discharging directly beneath the estuary. Local estuarine sediment-derived ammonium in saline pore water may be a substantial benthic source of nitrogen in offshore areas of the estuary.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034192","usgsCitation":"Böhlke, J., and Krantz, D.E., 2003, Isotope geochemistry and chronology of offshore ground water beneath Indian River Bay, Delaware: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4192, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034192.","productDescription":"37 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5167,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034192/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":178553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware ","otherGeospatial":"Indian River Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.25,38.55 ], [ -75.25,38.666667 ], [ -75.05,38.666667 ], [ -75.05,38.55 ], [ -75.25,38.55 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9fe4b07f02db6616be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Böhlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":22843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"John Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krantz, David E.","contributorId":9238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krantz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":51987,"text":"wri034008 - 2003 - Forest Types in the Lower Suwannee River Floodplain, Florida?-A Report and Interactive Map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:35","indexId":"wri034008","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4008","title":"Forest Types in the Lower Suwannee River Floodplain, Florida?-A Report and Interactive Map","docAbstract":"A map of forest types in the lower Suwannee River floodplain, Florida, was created during a study conducted from 1996 to 2000 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Suwannee River Water Management District. The map is presented with this report on a compact disc with interactive viewing software. The forest map can be used by scientists for ecological studies in the floodplain based on land cover types and by landowners and management personnel making land use decisions. \r\n\r\nThe study area is the 10-year floodplain of the lower Suwannee River from its confluence with the Santa Fe River to the lower limit of forests near the Gulf of Mexico. The floodplain is divided into three reaches: riverine (non-tidal), upper tidal, and lower tidal, due to changes in hydrology, vegetation, and soils with proximity to the coast. \r\n\r\nThe 10-year floodplain covers about 21,170 hectares; nearly 88 percent of this area (18,580 hectares) is mapped as 14 major forest types. Approximately 29 percent (5,319 hectares) of these forests have been altered by agriculture or development. About 75 percent of the area of major forest types (13,994 hectares) is wetland forests and about 25 percent (4,586 hectares) is upland forests. Tidal wetland forests (8,955 hectares) cover a much greater area than riverine wetland forests (5,039 hectares). \r\n\r\nOak/pine upland forests are present in the riverine and upper tidal reaches of the floodplain on elevations that are inundated only briefly during the highest floods. High bottomland hardwoods are present on the higher levees, ridges, and flats of the riverine reach where soils are usually sandy. Low bottomland hardwood forests are present in the riverine reach on swamp margins and low levees and flats that are flooded continuously for several weeks or longer every 1 to 3 years. Riverine swamps are present in the lowest and wettest areas of the non-tidal floodplain that are either inundated or saturated most of the time. \r\n\r\nUpper tidal bottomland hardwood forests are present on sandy soils on high flats and in transitional areas between upland forests and swamps. Upper tidal mixed forests are found on low levees or between swamps and higher forest types. Upper tidal swamps are present at elevations below median monthly high stage and usually have surface soils that are permanently saturated mucks. \r\n\r\nLower tidal hammocks are found on higher elevations that do not receive regular tidal inundation but have a high water table and are briefly inundated by storm surges several times a decade. Lower tidal mixed forests include swamps with numerous small hummocks or less common larger hummocks. Lower tidal swamps are found on deep muck soils that are below the elevation of the median daily or monthly high stage. \r\n\r\nSeven additional land cover types (2,590 hectares) are mapped. Water in the main channel of the lower Suwannee River (1,767 hectares) was mapped separately from open water in the floodplain (239 hectares). Other land cover types are: seepage slopes (70 hectares), isolated forested wetlands (19 hectares), marshes upstream of the tree line (505 hectares), beds of emergent aquatic vegetation (21 hectares), and floodplain glades (46 hectares)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034008","usgsCitation":"Darst, M.R., Light, H., Lewis, L., and Sepulveda, A., 2003, Forest Types in the Lower Suwannee River Floodplain, Florida?-A Report and Interactive Map: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4008, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034008.","productDescription":"24 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177346,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4564,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de37d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Darst, M. R.","contributorId":75187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darst","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Light, H.M.","contributorId":43389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Light","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, L.J.","contributorId":77972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sepulveda, A.A.","contributorId":27912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":47820,"text":"fs00603 - 2003 - New cation-exchange method for field speciation of hexavalent chromium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-10T18:53:37","indexId":"fs00603","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"006-03","title":"New cation-exchange method for field speciation of hexavalent chromium","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs00603","usgsCitation":"Ball, J.W., 2003, New cation-exchange method for field speciation of hexavalent chromium: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 006-03, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00603.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122869,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2003/0006/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":4027,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/GWC_chemtherm/pubs/Cr%20Fact%20Sheet%20July%202003.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84666,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2003/0006/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6977a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, James W.","contributorId":38946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47847,"text":"fs04003 - 2003 - The Norman Landfill environmental research site: What happens to the waste in landfills?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-26T19:27:18.250544","indexId":"fs04003","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"040-03","title":"The Norman Landfill environmental research site: What happens to the waste in landfills?","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs04003","usgsCitation":"Christenson, S.C., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2003, The Norman Landfill environmental research site: What happens to the waste in landfills?: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 040-03, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04003.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":405714,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68551.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_040_03.jpg"},{"id":4051,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-040-03/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","city":"Norman","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.45023250579834,\n 35.168476080531754\n ],\n [\n -97.44156360626219,\n 35.168476080531754\n ],\n [\n -97.44156360626219,\n 35.175176401503464\n ],\n [\n -97.45023250579834,\n 35.175176401503464\n ],\n [\n -97.45023250579834,\n 35.168476080531754\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67afd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christenson, Scott C. schris@usgs.gov","contributorId":980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christenson","given":"Scott","email":"schris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53423,"text":"pp1681 - 2003 - Toxic substances in surface waters and sediments: A study to assess the effects of arsenic-contaminated alluvial sediment in Whitewood Creek, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T22:19:52.372751","indexId":"pp1681","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1681","title":"Toxic substances in surface waters and sediments: A study to assess the effects of arsenic-contaminated alluvial sediment in Whitewood Creek, South Dakota","docAbstract":"Field measurements and bioassay experiments were done to investigate the effects of arsenic and phosphorus interactions on sorption of these solutes by the benthic flora (periphyton and submerged macrophytes) in Whitewood Creek, a stream in western South Dakota. Short-term (24-hour) sorption experiments were used to determine arsenic transport characteristics for algae (first-order rate constants for solute sorption, biomass, and accumulation factors) collected in the creek along a transect beginning upstream from a mine discharge point and downgradient through a 57-kilometer reach. Temporal changes in biomass differed significantly between and within sampling sites. Arsenic concentrations in plant tissue increased with distance downstream, but temporal changes in concentrations in tissues differed considerably from site to site. Cultures of Achnanthes minutissima (Bacillariophyceae) and Stichococcus sp. (Chlorophyceae) were isolated from four sites along a longitudinal concentration gradient of dissolved arsenic within the study reach and were maintained at ambient solute concentrations. Arsenic accumulation factors and sorption-rate constants for these isolates were determined as a function of dissolved arsenate and orthophosphate. Cell surfaces of algal isolates exhibited preferential orthophosphate sorption over arsenate. Initial sorption of both arsenate and orthophosphate followed first-order mass transfer for each culturing condition. Although sorption-rate constants increased slightly with increased dissolved-arsenate concentration, algae, isolated from a site with elevated dissolved arsenic in the stream channel, had a significantly slower rate of arsenic sorption compared with the same species isolated from an uncontaminated site upstream.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIn diel studies, amplitudes of the pH cycles increased with measured biomass except at a site immediately downstream from water-treatment-plant discharge. Inorganic pentavalent arsenic dominated arsenic speciation at all sites?not a surprising result for the well-oxygenated water column along this reach. Concentration fluctuations in dissolved-arsenic species lagged pH fluctuations by approximately 3 hours at the most downstream site, but no discernible lag was observed at an artificially pooled area with an order of magnitude higher biomass. Furthermore, the amplitudes of diel fluctuations in arsenic species were greater at the pooled area than at the most downstream site. Lack of correspondence between changes in dissolved-orthophosphate concentrations and arsenic species may have resulted from preferential sorption of orthophosphate over arsenate by the biomass. Based on carbon-fixation estimates, the phosphorus demand from photosynthetic activity required water-column concentrations to be supplemented by another source such as phosphate regeneration within the benthic community or desorption of particle-bound phosphate.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1681","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J.S., and Fuller, C.C., 2003, Toxic substances in surface waters and sediments: A study to assess the effects of arsenic-contaminated alluvial sediment in Whitewood Creek, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1681, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1681.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5206,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/pp1681/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":124946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1681.jpg"},{"id":410126,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68870.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Whitewood Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.7833,\n 44.3\n ],\n [\n -103.4333,\n 44.3\n ],\n [\n -103.4333,\n 44.6208\n ],\n [\n -103.7833,\n 44.6208\n ],\n [\n -103.7833,\n 44.3\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db628106","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, James S. 0000-0003-2502-1601 kuwabara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-1601","contributorId":3374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"James","email":"kuwabara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53426,"text":"wri034332 - 2003 - Evaluation of Streamflow Requirements for Habitat Protection by Comparison to Streamflow Characteristics at Index Streamflow-Gaging Stations in Southern New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-13T10:32:22","indexId":"wri034332","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4332","title":"Evaluation of Streamflow Requirements for Habitat Protection by Comparison to Streamflow Characteristics at Index Streamflow-Gaging Stations in Southern New England","docAbstract":"

Streamflow characteristics and methods for determining streamflow requirements for habitat protection were investigated at 23 active index streamflow-gaging stations in southern New England. Fish communities sampled near index streamflow-gaging stations in Massachusetts have a high percentage of fish that require flowing-water habitats for some or all of their life cycle. The relatively unaltered flow condition at these sites was assumed to be one factor that has contributed to this condition.

Monthly flow durations and low flow statistics were determined for the index streamflow-gaging stations for a 25- year period from 1976 to 2000. Annual hydrographs were prepared for each index station from median streamflows at the 50-percent monthly flow duration, normalized by drainage area. A median monthly flow of 1 ft3/s/mi2 was used to split hydrographs into a high-flow period (November–May), and a low-flow period (June–October). The hydrographs were used to classify index stations into groups with similar median monthly flow durations. Index stations were divided into four regional groups, roughly paralleling the coast, to characterize streamflows for November to May; and into two groups, on the basis of base-flow index and percentage of sand and gravel in the contributing area, for June to October.

For the June to October period, for index stations with a high base-flow index and contributing areas greater than 20 percent sand and gravel, median streamflows at the 50-percent monthly flow duration, normalized by drainage area, were 0.57, 0.49, and 0.46 ft3/s/mi2 for July, August, and September, respectively. For index stations with a low base-flow index and contributing areas less than 20 percent sand and gravel, median streamflows at the 50-percent monthly flow duration, normalized by drainage area, were 0.34, 0.28, and 0.27 ft3/s/mi2 for July, August, and September, respectively. Streamflow variability between wet and dry years can be characterized by use of the interquartile range of median streamflows at selected monthly flow durations. For example, the median Q50 discharge for August had an interquartile range of 0.30 to 0.87 ft3/s/mi2 for the high-flow group and 0.16 to 0.47 ft3/s/mi2 for the low-flow group.

Streamflow requirements for habitat protection were determined for 23 index stations by use of three methods based on hydrologic records, the Range of Variability Approach, the Tennant method, and the New England Aquatic-Base-Flow method. Normalized flow management targets determined by the Range of Variability Approach for July, August, and September ranged between 0.21 and 0.84 ft3/s/mi2 for the low monthly flow duration group, and 0.37 and 1.27 ft3/s/mi2 for the high monthly flow duration group. Median streamflow requirements for habitat protection during summer for the 23 index streamflow-gaging stations determined by the Tennant method, normalized by drainage area, were 0.81, 0.61, and 0.21 ft3/s/mi2 for the Tennant 40-, 30-, and 10-percent of the mean annual flow methods, representing good, fair, and poor stream habitat conditions in summer, according to Tennant. New England Aquatic-Base-Flow streamflow requirements for habitat protection during summer were determined from median of monthly mean flows for August for index streamflow-gaging stations having drainage areas greater than 50 mi2 . For five index streamflow-gaging stations in the low median monthly flow group, the average median monthly mean streamflow for August, normalized by drainage area, was 0.48 ft3/s/mi2.

Streamflow requirements for habitat protection were determined for riffle habitats near 10 index stations by use of two methods based on hydraulic ratings, the Wetted-Perimeter and R2Cross methods. Hydraulic parameters required by these methods were simulated by calibrated HEC-RAS models. Wetted-Perimeter streamflow requirements for habitat protection, normalized by drainage area, ranged between 0.13 and 0.58 ft3/s/mi2, and had a median value of 0.37 ft3/s/mi2. Streamflow requirements determined by the R2Cross 3-of-3 criteria method ranged between 0.39 and 2.1 ft3/s/mi2 , and had a median of 0.84 ft3/s/mi2. Streamflow requirements determined by the R2Cross 2-of-3 criteria method, normalized by drainage area, ranged between 0.16 and 0.85 ft3/s/mi2 and had a median of 0.36 ft3/s/mi2 , respectively. Streamflow requirements determined by the different methods were evaluated by comparison to streamflow statistics from the index streamflow-gaging stations.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034332","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, D.S., Parker, G.W., and Richards, T.A., 2003, Evaluation of Streamflow Requirements for Habitat Protection by Comparison to Streamflow Characteristics at Index Streamflow-Gaging Stations in Southern New England: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4332, 108 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034332.","productDescription":"108 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":348673,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034332/pdf/wrir034332_ver1.2.pdf","text":"Report Version 1.2","size":"10.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":348674,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034332/pdf/03-4223_frontcvr.pdf","text":"Printable page size cover","size":"7.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":348675,"rank":5,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034332/pdf/da_outcover_CMYK_tabloid.pdf","text":"Printable tabloid cover","size":"7.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":348676,"rank":6,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034332/control/wrir034332_errata2007.pdf","text":"Errata Sheet"},{"id":5209,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034332/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f971d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, David S. 0000-0003-1695-1233 darmstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1695-1233","contributorId":1390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"David","email":"darmstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parker, Gene W. gwparker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Gene","email":"gwparker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":247566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richards, Todd A.","contributorId":52266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53717,"text":"ofr03368 - 2003 - Debris-flow hazards caused by hydrologic events at Mount Rainier, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-13T10:47:57","indexId":"ofr03368","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-368","title":"Debris-flow hazards caused by hydrologic events at Mount Rainier, Washington","docAbstract":"

At 4393 m, ice-clad Mount Rainier has great potential for debris flows owing to its precipitous slopes and incised steep valleys, the large volume of water stored in its glaciers, and a mantle of loose debris on its slopes. In the past 10,000 years, more than sixty Holocene lahars have occurred at Mount Rainier (Scott et al., 1985), and, in addition more than thirty debris flows not related to volcanism have occurred in historical time (Walder and Driedger, 1984). Lahars at Mount Rainier can be classed in 3 groups according to their genesis: (1) flank collapse of hydrothermally altered, water-saturated rock; (2) eruption-related release of water and loose debris; and (3) hydrologic release of water and debris (Scott et al., 1985). Lahars in the first two categories are commonly voluminous and are generally related to unrest and explosions that occur during eruptive episodes. Lahars in the third category, distinguished here as debris flows, are less voluminous than the others but occur frequently at Mount Rainier, often with little or no warning.

\n
\n

Historically at Mount Rainier, glacial outburst floods, torrential rains, and stream capture have caused small- to moderate-size debris flows (Walder and Driedger, 1984). Such debris flows are most likely to occur in drainages that have large glaciers in them. Less commonly, a drainage diversion has triggered a debris flow in an unglaciated drainage basin. For example, the diversion of Kautz Glacier meltwater into Van Trump basin triggered debris flows on the south side of Rainier in August 2001.

\n
\n

On the basis of historical accounts, debris flows having hydrologic origins are likely to be unheralded, and have occurred as seldom as once in 8 years and as often as four times per year at Mount Rainier (Walder and Driedger, 1984). Such debris flows are most likely to occur during periods of hot dry weather or during periods of intense rainfall, and therefore must occur during the summer and fall. They are likely to begin at or above the elevations of glacier termini and extend down valley.

\n
\n

This report discusses potential hazards from debris flows induced by hydrologic events such as glacial outburst floods and torrential rain at Mount Rainier and the surrounding area bounded by Mount Rainier National Park. The report also shows, in the accompanying hazard-zonation maps, which areas are likely to be at risk from future such debris flows at Mount Rainier. Lahar hazards related to avalanches of altered rock and to the interactions of hot rock and ice during eruptions are discussed in Scott and Vallance (1995) and Hoblitt et al. (1998) and are not addressed in this report.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03368","usgsCitation":"Vallance, J.W., Cunico, M.L., and Schilling, S.P., 2003, Debris-flow hazards caused by hydrologic events at Mount Rainier, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-368, Report: iv, 4 p.; Plate 1: 48 x 36 inches; Plate 2: 60 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03368.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 4 p.; Plate 1: 48 x 36 inches; Plate 2: 60 x 36 inches","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03368.PNG"},{"id":5059,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0368/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283921,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0368/pdf/of03-368.pdf"},{"id":283922,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0368/pdf/of03-368plt-1.pdf"},{"id":283923,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0368/pdf/of03-368plt-2.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.876709,46.787719 ], [ -121.876709,46.945802 ], [ -121.638906,46.945802 ], [ -121.638906,46.787719 ], [ -121.876709,46.787719 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67276a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vallance, James W. 0000-0002-3083-5469 jvallance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5469","contributorId":547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"James","email":"jvallance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunico, Michelle L.","contributorId":101736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunico","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schilling, Steve P. sschilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"Steve","email":"sschilli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53601,"text":"ofr03387 - 2003 - Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, January 2000-December 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T21:08:07.863146","indexId":"ofr03387","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-387","title":"Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, January 2000-December 2002","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Yucca Mountain Project, collects, compiles, and summarizes hydrologic data in the Yucca Mountain region. The data are collected to allow assessments of ground-water resources during activities to determine the potential suitability or development of Yucca Mountain for storing high-level nuclear waste. \r\n\r\nData on ground-water levels at 35 wells and a fissure (Devils Hole), ground-water discharge at 5 springs and a flowing well, and total reported ground-water withdrawals within Crater Flat, Jackass Flats, Mercury Valley, and the Amargosa Desert are tabulated from January 2000 through December 2002. Historical data on water levels, discharges, and withdrawals are graphically presented to indicate variations through time. \r\n\r\nA statistical summary of ground-water levels at seven wells in Jackass Flats is presented for 1992-2002 to indicate potential effects of ground-water withdrawals associated with U.S. Department of Energy activities near Yucca Mountain. The statistical summary includes the annual number of measurements, maximum, minimum, and median water-level altitudes, and average deviation of measured water-level altitudes compared to selected baseline periods. Baseline periods varied for 1985-93. At six of the seven wells in Jackass Flats, the median water levels for 2002 were slightly higher (0.3-2.4 feet) than for their respective baseline periods. At the remaining well, data for 2002 was not summarized statistically but median water-level altitude in 2001 was 0.7 foot higher than that in its baseline period.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03387","usgsCitation":"Locke, G.L., and La Camera, R.J., 2003, Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, January 2000-December 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-387, 133 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03387.","productDescription":"133 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4853,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03-387/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388773,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67783.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yuuca Mountain region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.8667,\n 36.0\n ],\n [\n -116.0,\n 36.0\n ],\n [\n -116.0,\n 37.0\n ],\n [\n -116.8667,\n 37.0\n ],\n [\n -116.8667,\n 36.0\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a1f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Locke, Glenn L. gllocke@usgs.gov","contributorId":2479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"Glenn","email":"gllocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":247885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"La Camera, Richard J.","contributorId":52212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Camera","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53057,"text":"wri034205 - 2003 - Estimating the susceptibility of surface water in Texas to nonpoint-source contamination by use of logistic regression modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-16T11:28:12","indexId":"wri034205","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4205","title":"Estimating the susceptibility of surface water in Texas to nonpoint-source contamination by use of logistic regression modeling","docAbstract":"

In the State of Texas, surface water (streams, canals, and reservoirs) and ground water are used as sources of public water supply. Surface-water sources of public water supply are susceptible to contamination from point and nonpoint sources. To help protect sources of drinking water and to aid water managers in designing protective yet cost-effective and risk-mitigated monitoring strategies, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality and the U.S. Geological Survey developed procedures to assess the susceptibility of public water-supply source waters in Texas to the occurrence of 227 contaminants. One component of the assessments is the determination of susceptibility of surface-water sources to nonpoint-source contamination. To accomplish this, water-quality data at 323 monitoring sites were matched with geographic information system-derived watershed- characteristic data for the watersheds upstream from the sites. Logistic regression models then were developed to estimate the probability that a particular contaminant will exceed a threshold concentration specified by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. Logistic regression models were developed for 63 of the 227 contaminants. Of the remaining contaminants, 106 were not modeled because monitoring data were available at less than 10 percent of the monitoring sites; 29 were not modeled because there were less than 15 percent detections of the contaminant in the monitoring data; 27 were not modeled because of the lack of any monitoring data; and 2 were not modeled because threshold values were not specified.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034205","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W.A., Ulery, R.L., Winterstein, T., and Welborn, T., 2003, Estimating the susceptibility of surface water in Texas to nonpoint-source contamination by use of logistic regression modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4205, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034205.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5199,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc680","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ulery, Randy L. rlulery@usgs.gov","contributorId":4679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulery","given":"Randy","email":"rlulery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winterstein, Thomas","contributorId":34195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winterstein","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welborn, Toby","contributorId":61501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welborn","given":"Toby","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53125,"text":"wri034142 - 2003 - Spatial variability of sedimentary interbed properties near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-11T06:52:14","indexId":"wri034142","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4142","title":"Spatial variability of sedimentary interbed properties near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"The subsurface at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) is complex, comprised primarily of thick, fractured basalt flows interbedded with thinner sedimentary intervals. The unsaturated zone can be as thick as 200 m in the southwestern part of the INEEL. The Vadose Zone Research Park (VZRP), located approximately 10 km southwest of the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC), was established in 2001 to study the subsurface of a relatively undisturbed part of the INEEL. Waste percolation ponds for the INTEC were relocated to the VZRP due to concerns that perched water within the vadose zone under the original infiltration ponds (located immediately south of the INTEC) could contribute to migration of contaminants to the Snake River Plain aquifer.\r\n\r\nKnowledge of the spatial distribution of texture and hydraulic properties is important for developing a better understanding of subsurface flow processes within the interbeds, for example, by identifying low permeability layers that could lead to the formation of perched ground-water zones. Because particle-size distributions are easier to measure than hydraulic properties, particle size serves as an analog for determining how the unsaturated hydraulic properties vary both vertically within particular interbeds and laterally within the VZRP. As part of the characterization program for the subsurface at the VZRP, unsaturated and saturated hydraulic properties were measured on 10 core samples from six boreholes. Bulk properties, including particle size, bulk density, particle density, and specific surface area, were determined on material from the same depth intervals as the core samples, with an additional 66 particle- size distributions measured on bulk samples from the same boreholes. \r\n\r\nFrom lithologic logs of the 32 boreholes at the VZRP, three relatively thick interbeds (in places up to 10 m thick) were identified at depths of 35, 45, and 55 m below land surface. The 35-m interbed extends laterally over a distance of at least 900 m from the Big Lost River to the new percolation pond area of the VZRP. Most wells within the VZRP were drilled to depths less than 50 m, making it difficult to infer the lateral extent of the 45-m and 55-m interbeds. The 35-m interbed is uniform in texture both vertically and laterally; the 45-m interbed coarsens upward; and the 55-m interbed contains alternating coarse and fine layers. Seventy-one out of 90 samples were silt loams and 9 out of 90 samples were classified as either sandy loams, loamy sands, or sands. The coarsest samples were located within the 45-m and 55-m interbeds of borehole ICPP-SCI-V-215, located near the southeast corner of the new percolation pond area. \r\n\r\nAt the tops of some interbeds, baked-zone intervals were identified by their oxidized color (yellowish red to red) compared to the color of the underlying non-baked material (pale yellow to brown). The average geometric mean particle diameter of baked-zone intervals was only slightly coarser, in some cases, than the underlying non-baked sediment. This is likely due to both depositional differences between the top and bottom of the interbeds and the presence of small basalt clasts in the sediment. Core sample hydraulic properties from baked zones within the different interbeds did not show effects from alteration caused during basalt deposition, but differed mainly by texture.\r\n\r\nSaturated hydraulic conductivities (Ksat) for the 10 core samples ranged from 10-7 to 10-4 cm/s. Low permeability layers, with Ksat values less than 10-7 cm/s, within the 35-m and 45-m interbeds may cause perched ground-water zones to form beneath the new percolation pond area, leading to the possible lateral movement of water away from the VZRP.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034142","usgsCitation":"Winfield, K.A., 2003, Spatial variability of sedimentary interbed properties near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4142, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034142.","productDescription":"41 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4704,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034142/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.16629028320312,\n 43.402054267905655\n ],\n [\n -111.87515258789062,\n 43.402054267905655\n ],\n [\n -111.87515258789062,\n 43.68872888432795\n ],\n [\n -112.16629028320312,\n 43.68872888432795\n ],\n [\n -112.16629028320312,\n 43.402054267905655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e66bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winfield, Kari A.","contributorId":63874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winfield","given":"Kari","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51994,"text":"wri034092 - 2003 - Simulation of Temperature, Nutrients, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, and Dissolved Oxygen in the Catawba River, South Carolina, 1996-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T09:51:11","indexId":"wri034092","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4092","title":"Simulation of Temperature, Nutrients, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, and Dissolved Oxygen in the Catawba River, South Carolina, 1996-97","docAbstract":"Time-series plots of dissolved-oxygen concentrations were determined for various simulated hydrologic and point-source loading conditions along a free-flowing section of the Catawba River from Lake Wylie Dam to the headwaters of Fishing Creek Reservoir in South Carolina. The U.S. Geological Survey one-dimensional dynamic-flow model, BRANCH, was used to simulate hydrodynamic data for the Branched Lagrangian Transport Model. Waterquality data were used to calibrate the Branched Lagrangian Transport Model and included concentrations of nutrients, chlorophyll a, and biochemical oxygen demand in water samples collected during two synoptic sampling surveys at 10 sites along the main stem of the Catawba River and at 3 tributaries; and continuous water temperature and dissolved-oxygen concentrations measured at 5 locations along the main stem of the Catawba River.\r\n\r\n A sensitivity analysis of the simulated dissolved-oxygen concentrations to model coefficients and data inputs indicated that the simulated dissolved-oxygen concentrations were most sensitive to watertemperature boundary data due to the effect of temperature on reaction kinetics and the solubility of dissolved oxygen. Of the model coefficients, the simulated dissolved-oxygen concentration was most sensitive to the biological oxidation rate of nitrite to nitrate.\r\n\r\n To demonstrate the utility of the Branched Lagrangian Transport Model for the Catawba River, the model was used to simulate several water-quality scenarios to evaluate the effect on the 24-hour mean dissolved-oxygen concentrations at selected sites for August 24, 1996, as simulated during the model calibration period of August 23 27, 1996. The first scenario included three loading conditions of the major effluent discharges along the main stem of the Catawba River (1) current load (as sampled in August 1996); (2) no load (all point-source loads were removed from the main stem of the Catawba River; loads from the main tributaries were not removed); and (3) fully loaded (in accordance with South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control National Discharge Elimination System permits). Results indicate that the 24-hour mean and minimum dissolved-oxygen concentrations for August 24, 1996, changed from the no-load condition within a range of - 0.33 to 0.02 milligram per liter and - 0.48 to 0.00 milligram per liter, respectively. Fully permitted loading conditions changed the 24-hour mean and minimum dissolved-oxygen concentrations from - 0.88 to 0.04 milligram per liter and - 1.04 to 0.00 milligram per liter, respectively. A second scenario included the addition of a point-source discharge of 25 million gallons per day to the August 1996 calibration conditions. The discharge was added at S.C. Highway 5 or at a location near Culp Island (about 4 miles downstream from S.C. Highway 5) and had no significant effect on the daily mean and minimum dissolved-oxygen concentration.\r\n\r\n A third scenario evaluated the phosphorus loading into Fishing Creek Reservoir; four loading conditions of phosphorus into Catawba River were simulated. The four conditions included fully permitted and actual loading conditions, removal of all point sources from the Catawba River, and removal of all point and nonpoint sources from Sugar Creek. Removing the point-source inputs on the Catawba River and the point and nonpoint sources in Sugar Creek reduced the organic phosphorus and orthophosphate loadings to Fishing Creek Reservoir by 78 and 85 percent, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034092","usgsCitation":"Feaster, T., Conrads, P., Guimaraes, W.B., Sanders, C.L., and Bales, J.D., 2003, Simulation of Temperature, Nutrients, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, and Dissolved Oxygen in the Catawba River, South Carolina, 1996-97: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4092, 123 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034092.","productDescription":"123 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4568,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034092/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Catabwa River","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-81.7657470703125,35.567980458012094],[-81.8756103515625,35.536696378395035],[-82.0074462890625,35.572448615622804],[-82.0623779296875,35.585851593232356],[-82.16812133789062,35.54060755592023],[-82.22579956054688,35.59255224089235],[-82.24159240722656,35.65729624809628],[-82.20794677734374,35.74818410650582],[-82.08915710449219,35.801664652427895],[-82.02598571777344,35.81001773806242],[-81.96418762207031,35.821153818963175],[-81.95594787597656,35.92019610057511],[-81.95182800292969,35.98078444581272],[-81.903076171875,36.053540128339755],[-81.8536376953125,36.05798104702501],[-81.76712036132812,36.055760619006755],[-81.71905517578125,36.04021586880111],[-81.66824340820312,35.98245135784044],[-81.5679931640625,35.9157474194997],[-81.31393432617188,35.95911138558121],[-81.26998901367188,36.03244234269516],[-81.19171142578125,36.0779620797358],[-81.08322143554688,36.06353184297193],[-80.79620361328125,35.89350026142572],[-80.71929931640624,35.69299463209881],[-80.7275390625,35.53110865111194],[-80.69869995117188,35.43381992014202],[-80.70556640625,35.34425514918409],[-80.80718994140625,35.15584570226544],[-80.81268310546874,34.95349314197422],[-80.771484375,34.89494244739732],[-80.71105957031249,34.65467425162703],[-80.68084716796875,34.51787261401661],[-80.52978515625,34.35704160076073],[-80.4583740234375,34.23905366851639],[-80.518798828125,34.03900467904445],[-80.496826171875,33.88865750124075],[-80.60394287109375,33.75060604160645],[-80.71998596191406,33.82992730179868],[-80.74745178222656,34.05209051767928],[-80.83328247070312,34.27083595165],[-80.8971405029297,34.3201881768449],[-80.98915100097656,34.40634314091266],[-81.04133605957031,34.487881874939866],[-81.10588073730469,34.710009159224946],[-81.12167358398438,34.84311278917537],[-81.16905212402344,35.07271701786369],[-81.15669250488281,35.18222692831516],[-81.12373352050781,35.25627309169437],[-81.12648010253906,35.460669951495305],[-81.2384033203125,35.567980458012094],[-81.3922119140625,35.58138418324621],[-81.595458984375,35.59925232772949],[-81.7657470703125,35.567980458012094]]]}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a186","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feaster, Toby D. 0000-0002-5626-5011 tfeaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-5011","contributorId":1109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"Toby D.","email":"tfeaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":244635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":244634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guimaraes, Wladmir B. wbguimar@usgs.gov","contributorId":3818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guimaraes","given":"Wladmir","email":"wbguimar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":244636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanders, Curtis L. Jr.","contributorId":76391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"Curtis","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bales, Jerad D. 0000-0001-8398-6984 jdbales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-6984","contributorId":683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"Jerad","email":"jdbales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":244633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":53628,"text":"pp1675 - 2003 - Hydrological, chemical, and biological characteristics of a prairie pothole wetland complex under highly variable climate conditions: The Cottonwood Lake area, east-central North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-17T20:22:49.253759","indexId":"pp1675","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1675","title":"Hydrological, chemical, and biological characteristics of a prairie pothole wetland complex under highly variable climate conditions: The Cottonwood Lake area, east-central North Dakota","docAbstract":"

Geologic deposits in the Cottonwood Lake area consist largely of silty, clayey glacial till that contains numerous fractures and small, randomly distributed sand and gravel deposits. The sand deposits can have a substantial effect on groundwater flow between wetlands in the area and can cause some to drain while others have relatively stable inflow. Direct precipitation and runoff from snowmelt are the primary sources of water to the wetlands and evaporation accounts for the largest loss of water from the wetlands. The wetlands in the study area have a range of functions with respect to their interaction with ground water. Some of the seasonal wetlands recharge ground water and others recharge ground water and receive ground-water discharge. The semipermanent wetlands receive ground-water discharge much of the time, but some have reversals of flow between them and the groundwater system nearly every year. Ground-water flow toward the wetlands is caused by recharge in the uplands and by focused recharge near the wetland perimeters. Flow from the semipermanent wetlands to the ground-water system occurs when the wetland water levels are higher than the contiguous water table, resulting in bank storage, and when evapotranspiration directly from the ground-water system causes seepage around the wetland perimeters. Substantial climate variability during the study period caused the wetlands to range from being completely dry to having such high water levels that some of the wetlands merged to become large lakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1675","isbn":"0607894318","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., Rosenberry, D.O., LaBaugh, J.W., Swanson, G.A., Euliss, N., Hanson, B.A., Mushet, D.M., Poiani, K.A., and Johnson, W., 2003, Hydrological, chemical, and biological characteristics of a prairie pothole wetland complex under highly variable climate conditions: The Cottonwood Lake area, east-central North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1675, xii, 109 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1675.","productDescription":"xii, 109 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430333,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68873.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":87490,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1675/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":120702,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1675/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood Lake area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.6873102516428,\n 47.88744597352692\n ],\n [\n -100.6873102516428,\n 47.85382694765144\n ],\n [\n -100.64658994226839,\n 47.85382694765144\n ],\n [\n -100.64658994226839,\n 47.88744597352692\n ],\n [\n -100.6873102516428,\n 47.88744597352692\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e947","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, Thomas C.","contributorId":84736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaBaugh, James W. 0000-0002-4112-2536 jlabaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4112-2536","contributorId":1311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaBaugh","given":"James","email":"jlabaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, George A.","contributorId":49654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Euliss, Ned H. 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Carter","contributorId":17548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W. Carter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":53173,"text":"pp1677 - 2003 - Computation and analysis of the instantaneous-discharge record for the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona — May 8, 1921, through September 30, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-05T14:19:16.273092","indexId":"pp1677","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1677","title":"Computation and analysis of the instantaneous-discharge record for the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona — May 8, 1921, through September 30, 2000","docAbstract":"

A gaging station has been operated by the U.S. Geological Survey at Lees Ferry, Arizona, since May 8, 1921. In March 1963, Glen Canyon Dam was closed 15.5 miles upstream, cutting off the upstream sediment supply and regulating the discharge of the Colorado River at Lees Ferry for the first time in history. To evaluate the pre-dam variability in the hydrology of the Colorado River, and to determine the effect of the operation of Glen Canyon Dam on the downstream hydrology of the river, a continuous record of the instantaneous discharge of the river at Lees Ferry was constructed and analyzed for the entire period of record between May 8, 1921, and September 30, 2000. This effort involved retrieval from the Federal Records Centers and then synthesis of all the raw historical data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey at Lees Ferry. As part of this process, the peak discharges of the two largest historical floods at Lees Ferry, the 1884 and 1921 floods, were reanalyzed and recomputed. This reanalysis indicates that the peak discharge of the 1884 flood was 210,000±30,000 cubic feet per second (ft3/s), and the peak discharge of the 1921 flood was 170,000±20,000 ft3/s. These values are indistinguishable from the peak discharges of these floods originally estimated or published by the U.S. Geological Survey, but are substantially less than the currently accepted peak discharges of these floods. The entire continuous record of instantaneous discharge of the Colorado River at Lees Ferry can now be requested from the U.S. Geological Survey Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center, Flagstaff, Arizona, and is also available electronically at http://www.gcmrc.gov. This record is perhaps the longest (almost 80 years) high-resolution (mostly 15- to 30-minute precision) times series of river discharge available. Analyses of these data, therefore, provide an unparalleled characterization of both the natural variability in the discharge of a river and the effects of dam operations on a river.

Following the construction and quality-control checks of the continuous record of instantaneous discharge, analyses of flow duration, sub-daily flow variability, and flood frequency were conducted on the pre- and post-dam parts of the record. These analyses indicate that although the discharge of the Colorado River varied substantially prior to the closure of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963, operation of the dam has caused changes in discharge that are more extreme than the pre-dam natural variability. Operation of the dam has eliminated flood flows and base flows, and thereby has effectively \"flattened\" the annual hydrograph. Prior to closure of the dam, the discharge of the Colorado River at Lees Ferry was lower than 7,980 ft3/s half of the time. Discharges lower than about 9,000 ft3/s were important for the seasonal accumulation and storage of sand in the pre-dam river downstream from Lees Ferry. The current operating plan for Glen Canyon Dam no longer allows sustained discharges lower than 8,000 ft3/s to be released. Thus, closure of the dam has not only cut off the upstream supply of sediment, but operation of the dam has also largely eliminated discharges during which sand could be demonstrated to accumulate in the river. In addition to radically changing the hydrology of the river, operation of the dam for hydroelectric-power generation has introduced large daily fluctuations in discharge. During the pre-dam era, the median daily range in discharge was only 542 ft3/s, although daily ranges in discharge exceeding 20,000 ft3/s were observed during the summer thunderstorm season. Relative to the pre-dam period of record, dam operations have increased the daily range in discharge during all but 0.1 percent of all days. The post-dam median daily range in discharge, 8,580 ft3/s, exceeds the pre-dam median discharge of 7,980 ft3/s. Operation of the dam has also radically changed the frequency of floods on the Colorado River at Lees Ferry. The frequency of floods with peak discharges larger than about 29,000 ft3/s has greatly decreased, while the frequency of smaller floods, with peak discharges between 18,500 and 29,000 ft3/s, has increased substantially. Operation of the dam has greatly extended the duration of smaller floods; for example, each of the four longest periods of sustained flows in excess of 18,500 ft3/s occurred after closure of the dam.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1677","usgsCitation":"Topping, D.J., Schmidt, J.C., and Vierra, L.E., 2003, Computation and analysis of the instantaneous-discharge record for the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona — May 8, 1921, through September 30, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1677, vi, 118 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1677.","productDescription":"vi, 118 p.","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120680,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1677/images/cover_tn.jpeg"},{"id":394728,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68871.htm"},{"id":4756,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1677/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Lees Ferry","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.5968894958496,\n 36.85668612175977\n ],\n [\n -111.57646179199217,\n 36.85668612175977\n ],\n [\n -111.57646179199217,\n 36.86918420881214\n ],\n [\n -111.5968894958496,\n 36.86918420881214\n ],\n [\n -111.5968894958496,\n 36.85668612175977\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7f04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, John C. 0000-0002-2988-3869 jcschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-3869","contributorId":1983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"jcschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vierra, L. E. Jr.","contributorId":66770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vierra","given":"L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53602,"text":"ofr03352 - 2003 - Data from archived chromatograms on halogenated volatile organic compounds in untreated ground water used for drinking water in the United States, 1997-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-17T06:31:37","indexId":"ofr03352","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-352","title":"Data from archived chromatograms on halogenated volatile organic compounds in untreated ground water used for drinking water in the United States, 1997-2000","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

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